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Journal articles on the topic 'Kinetics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Yablonsky, Gregory, Daniel Branco, Guy Marin, and Denis Constales. "New Invariant Expressions in Chemical Kinetics." Entropy 22, no. 3 (2020): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22030373.

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This paper presents a review of our original results obtained during the last decade. These results have been found theoretically for classical mass-action-law models of chemical kinetics and justified experimentally. In contrast with the traditional invariances, they relate to a special battery of kinetic experiments, not a single experiment. Two types of invariances are distinguished and described in detail: thermodynamic invariants, i.e., special combinations of kinetic dependences that yield the equilibrium constants, or simple functions of the equilibrium constants; and “mixed” kinetico-t

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2

Hassan, Siti Roshayu, Yung-Tse Hung, Irvan Dahlan, and Hamidi Abdul Aziz. "Kinetic Study of the Anaerobic Digestion of Recycled Paper Mill Effluent (RPME) by Using a Novel Modified Anaerobic Hybrid Baffled (MAHB) Reactor." Water 14, no. 3 (2022): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14030390.

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The process kinetics of an anaerobic digestion process for treating recycled paper mill effluent (RPME) was investigated. A laboratory-scale modified anaerobic hybrid baffled reactor (MAHB) was operated at hydraulic retention times of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, and the results were analyzed for the kinetic models. A kinetic study was conducted by examining the phase kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, which were divided into three main stages: hydrolysis kinetics, acetogenesis kinetics, and methane production kinetics. The study demonstrated that hydrolysis was the rate-limiting step. The a

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3

Zhong, Wei, and Zhou Tian. "Application of Genetic Algorithm in Chemical Reaction Kinetics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 79 (July 2011): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.79.71.

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In this paper, a summary of Genetic Algorithm methods developed recent years applied in chemical reaction kinetics was presented. The applications of the Genetic Algorithm in reduction of the chemical reaction kinetics, estimation of the chemical kinetic parameters and calculation of the chemical kinetic equations were expounded here. Eventually, the confronted problem and developing trend of the application of Genetic Algorithm methods in chemical kinetics were reviewed.

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4

Mulokozi, Adolf M. "Kinetic parameters in heterogeneous kinetics." Thermochimica Acta 197, no. 2 (1992): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(92)85036-u.

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5

Wentzel, M. C., G. A. Ekama, and G. v. R. Marais. "Processes and Modelling of Nitrification Denitrification Biological Excess Phosphorus Removal Systems – A Review." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 6 (1992): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0114.

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This paper reviews developments in modelling the kinetics of activated sludge systems: Completely aerobic nitrification, anoxic/aerobic nitrification denitrification (ND), and anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic nitrification denitrification biological excess phosphorus removal (NDBEPR) systems. The paper highlights the progress in developing a general NDBEPR activated sludge kinetic model – development of polyP organism enhanced cultures, their kinetics, simplification of the kinetics for enhanced cultures under constant flow and load conditions, extension of the simplified model to mixed culture NDBEPR

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Liu, Zu Lan, Lan Qian Li, Yi Ping Liu, and Ming Lu. "Kinetic Study of the Adsorption of Dye onto Cotton in SDS-CTAB Reverse Micelles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 591–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.591.

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Adsorption kinetic study of C.I. reactive blue 19 onto cotton was carried out in SDS-CTAB reverse micelles. The data of adsorption kinetics were examined using pseudo first-and second-order kinetic models. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of dye on cotton with diffusion controlling follows the pseudo first-order kinetic model.

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7

Lin, Yen-Hui. "Kinetic Study of 4-Chlorophenol Biodegradation by Acclimated Sludge in a Packed Bed Reactor." Processes 10, no. 10 (2022): 2130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102130.

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In this study, batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the degradation of 4-CP using acclimated sludge. The Monod and Haldane models were employed to fit the specific growth rate with various initial 4-CP concentrations of 67–412 mg/L in the batch experiments. Haldane kinetics showed a better fit to experimental results than Monod kinetics. The kinetic parameters were obtained from a comparison of Monod and Haldane kinetics with batch experimental data. The values of μm and KS were found to be 0.691 d−1 and 5.62 mg/L, respectively, for Monod kinetics. In contrast, the values of μm, KS, an

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8

Yen, Shih-Wei, Wei-Hsin Chen, Jo-Shu Chang, Chun-Fong Eng, Salman Raza Naqvi, and Pau Loke Show. "Torrefaction Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetics of Sorghum Distilled Residue for Sustainable Fuel Production." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (2021): 4246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084246.

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This study investigated the kinetics of isothermal torrefaction of sorghum distilled residue (SDR), the main byproduct of the sorghum liquor-making process. The samples chosen were torrefied isothermally at five different temperatures under a nitrogen atmosphere in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Afterward, two different kinetic methods, the traditional model-free approach, and a two-step parallel reaction (TPR) kinetic model, were used to obtain the torrefaction kinetics of SDR. With the acquired 92–97% fit quality, which is the degree of similarity between calculated and real torrefaction curv

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9

Chan, T. W., G. D. Shyu, and A. I. Isayev. "Reduced Time Approach to Curing Kinetics, Part I: Dynamic Rate and Master Curve from Isothermal Data." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 66, no. 5 (1993): 849–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538349.

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Abstract A reduced time approach has been used to predict nonisothermal curing kinetics based on isothermal kinetic data. This approach makes it clear that the conversion in a kinetic process is a function of the reduced time alone and allows for the construction of a master curve from isothermal kinetic data, indicating that the dynamic (or nonisothermal ) rate is equal to the isothermal rate. The approach can be applied to curing, crystallization, and other physico-chemical kinetics. A method is also described for correcting the nonisothermal curing kinetic data obtained from differential sc

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10

Liavitskaya, Tatsiana, and Sergey Vyazovkin. "All You Need to Know about the Kinetics of Thermally Stimulated Reactions Occurring on Cooling." Molecules 24, no. 10 (2019): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24101918.

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In this tutorial overview article the authors share their original experience in studying the kinetics of thermally stimulated reactions under the conditions of continuous cooling. It is stressed that the kinetics measured on heating is similar to that measured on cooling only for single-step reactions. For multi-step reactions the respective kinetics can differ dramatically. The application of an isoconversional method to thermogravimetry (TGA) or differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data allows one to recognize multi-step kinetics in the form of the activation energy that varies with conv

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11

Pavlostathis, S. G., and E. Giraldo-Gomez. "Kinetics of Anaerobic Treatment." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 8 (1991): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0217.

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A review of the kinetics of anaerobic treatment and the reported values of such kinetic parameters as the maximum specific substrate utilization rate (k), the half-saturation constant (Ks), the microbial growth yield (Y), and the microorganism decay rate constant (b) are presented. The available kinetic information is presented for each subprocess: (a) hydrolysis of complex, paniculate organic materials; (b) fermentation of amino acids and sugars; (c) anaerobic oxidation of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols; (d) anaerobic oxidation of intermediary products (such as short-chain fatty acids);

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12

Tran, Hai Nguyen. "Differences between Chemical Reaction Kinetics and Adsorption Kinetics: Fundamentals and Discussion." Journal of Technical Education Science, no. 70B (June 28, 2022): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54644/jte.70b.2022.1154.

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Adsorption kinetics is an essential part in adsorption studies. The pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models are frequently used to model the experimental dataset of time-dependent adsorption. The differential equations (based on reaction rate and rate law) of the PFO and PSO models are similar to those of chemical reactions (i.e., first and second order-kinetic reactions). The adsorption kinetics is illustrated through the plot of qt (the amount of adsorbate adsorbed by adsorbent at time t) vs. time. This plot includes two important regions (kinetic and equilibrium). The

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13

Fouad, Mohamed R., Ahmed F. El-Aswad, and Maher I. Aly. "Mathematical models of the adsorption-desorption kinetics of fenitrothion in clay soil and sandy clay loam soil." Current Chemistry Letters 13, no. 4 (2024): 641–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ccl.2024.6.002.

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Batch adsorption and desorption kinetic experiments of fenitrothion on clay soil and sandy clay loam soil indicated that the equilibration time was approximately 30 hours. The kinetics of adsorption and desorption exhibited two distinct stages: a rapid process in the initial stages followed by a slow process. The pseudo-first-order model followed by the Elovich kinetic model fit the experimental adsorption and desorption data quite well, with high values of R2 and low values of ∆qe% and SSE. Accordingly, the pseudo-first-order model is most suitable for describing the adsorption and desorption

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14

Gao, Han, Xiaotian Zhao, Lei Zhou, Fabrizio Sabba, and George F. Wells. "Differential kinetics of nitrogen oxides reduction leads to elevated nitrous oxide production by a nitrite fed granular denitrifying EBPR bioreactor." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 6, no. 4 (2020): 1028–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ew00881k.

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15

Moses, Julianne I. "Chemical kinetics on extrasolar planets." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2014 (2014): 20130073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0073.

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Chemical kinetics plays an important role in controlling the atmospheric composition of all planetary atmospheres, including those of extrasolar planets. For the hottest exoplanets, the composition can closely follow thermochemical-equilibrium predictions, at least in the visible and infrared photosphere at dayside (eclipse) conditions. However, for atmospheric temperatures , and in the uppermost atmosphere at any temperature, chemical kinetics matters. The two key mechanisms by which kinetic processes drive an exoplanet atmosphere out of equilibrium are photochemistry and transport-induced qu

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16

L Salami, DO Olumuyiwa, EA Alfred, and OS Olakanmi. "Kinetic modelling of dumpsite leachate treatment using Musa sapientum peels as bio-sorbent." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 9, no. 2 (2021): 024–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2021.9.2.0117.

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Kinetics models are very vital to dumpsite operators and planners as they provide relevant information for effective treatment of leachates. The aim of this work is to model the kinetic process of treatment of Lagos dumpsite leachate using Musa sapientum peels as bio-sorbent with a view of establishing the kinetic parameters of the treatment process. Musa sapientum peels which were collected from Ayetoro market in Epe Local Government area of Lagos State were used to prepare the bio-sorbent. Kinetic process was carried out using 1 g of the prepared bio-sorbent in 100 ml Lagos dumpsite leachate

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17

Qi, Yu Song, Jian Wen Yang, Zhao Hua Zeng, and Yong Lie Chen. "Study of UV Curing Kinetics for Coating Containing Siloxane Modified Polyurethane-Acrylate." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.175.

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The UV curing kinetics of coating containing siloxane modified polyurethane-acrylate were studied using photo-DSC (DPC). The effects of some factors such as incident light intensity, initiator concentration, reaction temperature on the curing kinetics have been analysized from DPC data. The curing kinetic parameters (kp and kt) for prepolymers have also been determinedv by combining steady state and non-steady state kinetics.

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18

Maitra, S., S. Mukherjee, N. Saha, and J. Pramanik. "Non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of magnesite." Cerâmica 53, no. 327 (2007): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132007000300011.

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Kinetics of thermal decomposition of Indian magnesite was studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis under non-isothermal condition. Coats and Redfern Integral approximation method was used to determine the kinetic parameters. Using the kinetic parameters different kinetic functions were analyzed with the experimental data to ascertain the decomposition mechanism of magnesium carbonate and it was observed that the decomposition reaction followed a contracting sphere kinetic mechanism.

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19

Kovárová-Kovar, Karin, and Thomas Egli. "Growth Kinetics of Suspended Microbial Cells: From Single-Substrate-Controlled Growth to Mixed-Substrate Kinetics." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 62, no. 3 (1998): 646–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.62.3.646-666.1998.

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SUMMARY Growth kinetics, i.e., the relationship between specific growth rate and the concentration of a substrate, is one of the basic tools in microbiology. However, despite more than half a century of research, many fundamental questions about the validity and application of growth kinetics as observed in the laboratory to environmental growth conditions are still unanswered. For pure cultures growing with single substrates, enormous inconsistencies exist in the growth kinetic data reported. The low quality of experimental data has so far hampered the comparison and validation of the differe

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20

Provis, J. L., and J. S. J. van Deventer. "Geopolymerisation kinetics. 2. Reaction kinetic modelling." Chemical Engineering Science 62, no. 9 (2007): 2318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2007.01.028.

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21

Bakar, Siti Asmah, Hussein Saed Geedi, Mohd Hairul Khamidun, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Mohammad Faizal Che Daud, and Umi Fazara Md Ali. "Evaluation lead removal kinetics modelling of adsorption by using composite of Chitosan and Ceramic waste." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1205, no. 1 (2023): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1205/1/012010.

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Abstract This study focuses on understanding the Pb adsorption kinetics from greywater using a composite of chitosan and ceramic waste (CCCW), which is suitable for preserving water quality. For ease and general application, a kinetic model with a simple expression and a manageable small set of parameters that nevertheless provides a fair adsorption description in the equilibrium state is still critical. Although some current kinetic models, such as the pseudo-second-order type, meet these conditions, their performance is still questionable, especially when applied to a variety of experimental

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22

Christensen, F. R., G. Holm Kristensen, and J. la Cour Jansen. "Biofilm Structure – An Important and Neglected Parameter in Waste Water Treatment." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 8-9 (1989): 805–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0283.

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Experimental investigations on the kinetics of wastewater treatment processes in biofilms were performed in a laboratory reactor. Parallel with the kinetic experiments, the influence of the biofilm kinetics on the biofilm structure was studied at macroscopic and microscopic levels. The close interrelationship between biofilm kinetics and structural changes caused by the kinetics is illustrated by several examples. From the study, it is evident that the traditional modelling of wastewater treatment processes in biofilm reactors based on substrate removal kinetics alone will fail in many cases,

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23

L, Salami, Olumuyiwa DO, Alfred EA, and Olakanmi OS. "Kinetic modelling of dumpsite leachate treatment using Musa sapientum peels as bio-sorbent." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 9, no. 2 (2021): 024–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766273.

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Kinetics models are very vital to dumpsite operators and planners as they provide relevant information for effective treatment of leachates. The aim of this work is to model the kinetic process of treatment of Lagos dumpsite leachate using <em>Musa sapientum</em> peels as bio-sorbent with a view of establishing the kinetic parameters of the treatment process. <em>Musa sapientum </em>peels which were collected from Ayetoro market in Epe Local Government area of Lagos State were used to prepare the bio-sorbent. Kinetic process was carried out using 1 g of the prepared bio-sor

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24

Petkovic, Sandra, Borivoj Adnadjevic, and Jelena Jovanovic. "Novel kinetics model for adsorption of pollutant from wastewaters onto zeolites. Kinetics of phenol adsorption on zeolite-type silicalite." Adsorption Science & Technology 37, no. 3-4 (2019): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617419833201.

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The kinetics of isothermal adsorption of phenol from an aqueous solution onto the zeolite-type silicalite was investigated. Zeolite-type silicalite was synthesized and its basic physico-chemical properties were determined. Isothermal adsorption kinetics curves of phenol on zeolite-type silicalite were measured at temperature range from 283 to 313 K. By applying Friedman’s differential isoconversional method it was found that the adsorption of phenol on silicalite has one rate determining step. By using the ‘model-fitting’ method it was established that the kinetic of adsorption can be describe

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Van Praagh, Andrew, Bo Nelson, Paul Ballieu, Melanie Smith, and Mike Rule. "Abstract 7427: Automated, real-time acquisition and quantification of peak, plateau-phase in vivo bioluminescent data." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 7427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-7427.

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Abstract It is widely recognized that plateau-phase bioluminescent (BL) kinetic curve data should be used when reporting on BLI results from substrate-injection BLI model systems. The basis for this understanding is that plateau-phase BL data is uniquely suited in several ways: (i) it will optimize the detection of target, luciferase-expressing cells (especially when they are low in copy number or deep within the animal model), (ii) it will optimize BLI data reproducibility (with there being no change in signal values across the plateau phase), and (iii) it will also provide BLI data values th

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Widjaja, Frances, Yasser Alhejji, and Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens. "The Role of Kinetics as Key Determinant in Toxicity of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Their N-Oxides." Planta Medica 88, no. 02 (2021): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1582-9794.

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AbstractPyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a large group of plant constituents of which especially the 1,2- unsaturated PAs raise a concern because of their liver toxicity and potential genotoxic carcinogenicity. This toxicity of PAs depends on their kinetics. Differences in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics of PAs may substantially alter the relative toxicity of PAs. As a result, kinetics will also affect relative potency (REP) values. The present review summarizes the current state-of-the art on PA kinetics and resulting consequences for toxicity and i

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Maafi, Mounir, and Wassila Maafi. "Quantification of Unimolecular Photoreaction Kinetics: Determination of Quantum Yields and Development of Actinometers—The Photodegradation Case of Cardiovascular Drug Nisoldipine." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/454895.

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The lack of integrated rate-laws for photoreactions has led to carry out the treatment of drugs photodegradation kinetic data using the classical zeroth-, first-, and second-order kinetics that were originally developed for thermal reactions. The recent developments of Φ-order kinetic models has opened new perspectives in the treatment of photoreaction kinetics of systems involving a photolabile molecule (A) transforming into a photochemically and thermally stable product (B), that is, the AB(1Φ) photoreaction systems. Within this framework, the kinetics of cardiovascular and photosensitive dr

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K., Lakshmi Devi, and Chandraiah Chowdary M. "Oxidation kinetics of acetophenone oximes with vanadium(V)." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 76, Apr 1999 (1999): 195–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5848195.

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Department of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur-515 003, India <em>Manuscript received 18 February 1998, revised 10 November 1998, accepted 23 December 1998</em> Oxidation kinetics of acetophenone oxime (<strong>APO</strong>) and <em>p</em>-hydroxyacetophenone oxime (<strong>HAPO</strong>) by vanadium(<strong>V</strong>) in aqueous acetic acid medium is reported. The reactions are totally second order, first order with respect to each reactant under second order conditions and negative order with respect to substrate under pseudo-first order condi

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Yao, Hui Min, Jun Yi Zhu, and Guang Qing Xia. "The Drug Loading Kinetics Mechanism of Ion Exchange Fiber as a Novel Kind of Drug Carrier Material." Advanced Materials Research 904 (March 2014): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.904.54.

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The adsorption of Fenazoxine hydrochloride was investigated by performing batch kinetic sorption experiments. Experiments were carried out as function of contact time, initial concentration. Adsorption data were modeled using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics equations. It showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic equation can describe the adsorption kinetics best. The results indicate that ion-exchange fiber is suitable as drug carriers for loading drugs.

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Vidal, Eduardo, Antonio Negro, Alberto Cassano, and Cristina Zalazar. "Simplified reaction kinetics, models and experiments for glyphosate degradation in water by the UV/H2O2process." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 14, no. 2 (2015): 366–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4pp00248b.

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This work reports the degradation kinetics of glyphosate in water employing the UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>process. The kinetic model was experimentally validated. Results compare the kinetics of the herbicide alone and a commercial formulation.

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Constales, Denis, Gregory Yablonsky, Yiming Xi, and Guy Marin. "Egalitarian Kinetic Models: Concepts and Results." Energies 14, no. 21 (2021): 7230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217230.

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In this paper, two main ideas of chemical kinetics are distinguished, i.e., a hierarchy and commensuration. A new class of chemical kinetic models is proposed and defined, i.e., egalitarian kinetic models (EKM). Contrary to hierarchical kinetic models (HKM), for the models of the EKM class, all kinetic coefficients are equal. Analysis of EKM models for some complex chemical reactions is performed for sequences of irreversible reactions. Analytic expressions for acyclic and cyclic mechanisms of egalitarian kinetics are obtained. Perspectives on the application of egalitarian models for reversib

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Basheer Hasan, Diya'uddeen, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman, and Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud. "Kinetic Modeling of a Heterogeneous Fenton Oxidative Treatment of Petroleum Refining Wastewater." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/252491.

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The mineralisation kinetics of petroleum refinery effluent (PRE) by Fenton oxidation were evaluated. Within the ambit of the experimental data generated, first-order kinetic model (FKM), generalised lumped kinetic model (GLKM), and generalized kinetic model (GKM) were tested. The obtained apparent kinetic rate constants for the initial oxidation step (k2′), their final oxidation step (k1′), and the direct conversion to endproducts step (k3′) were 10.12, 3.78, and 0.24 min−1for GKM; 0.98, 0.98, and nil min−1for GLKM; and nil, nil, and >0.005 min−1for FKM. The findings showed that GKM is supe

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Rogozhnikov, D. A., and B. V. Kolmachikhin. "Polymetallic Ore Concentration Middlings Nitric Acid Leaching Kinetics." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 1065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.1065.

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The purpose of this work is the kinetic evaluation of reactions occurring during nitric acid leaching of pollymetallic sulfide middlings, for the most complete translation of copper, zinc and sulfur in solution and concentration of precious metals in residue. Methodology is pollymetallic sulfide middlings nitric acid leaching kinetics were studied using mathematical methods such as the experimental data numerical differentiation. Relevance/value is the main sulfide minerals kinetic characteristics were obtained for the studied materials, including the rate of the process, order of reaction, th

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Morasch, Robert, Hubert A. Gasteiger, and Bharatkumar Suthar. "Li-Ion Battery Active Material Impedance Analysis I: Comparison of Measured NCM 111 Kinetics with Butler-Volmer Equation Based Predictions." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 170, no. 8 (2023): 080522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/acf161.

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The expression for the exchange current density to describe the intercalation kinetics of Li-ion battery materials proposed by Newman and coworkers has been used extensively for battery modeling, however its applicability to existing battery materials should be validated. Here we show an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis of the kinetic behavior of NCM 111 as a function of electrolyte salt concentration and state-of-charge (SOC) and compare it to the proposed theory. An areal capacity dependent EIS analysis first gives insights into the feasibility of measuring kinetic and t

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KITIS, G., C. FURETTA, and V. PAGONIS. "MIXED-ORDER KINETICS MODEL FOR OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 27 (2009): 3191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909021351.

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The theory of mixed-order kinetics is well-established for the description of single thermoluminescence (TL) glow-peaks. The main advantage of mixed-order kinetics relative to the more widely used general-order kinetic theory is that the former is physically meaningful whereas the latter is entirely empirical. In the case of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) either non-first-order or second-order kinetics are studied using the empirical general-order kinetics theory. In the present work, expressions for mixed-order kinetics are derived for OSL curves. A peak shape parameter for linear mo

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Gajewska, Magdalena, and Katarzyna Skrzypiec. "Kinetics of nitrogen removal processes in constructed wetlands." E3S Web of Conferences 26 (2018): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20182600001.

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The aim of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of the kinetics of nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands. Biological processes of nitrogen removal from wastewater can be described using equations and kinetic models. Hence, these kinetic models which have been developed and evaluated allow for predicting the removal of nitrogen in treatment wetlands. One of the most important, first order removal model, which is still applied, was analysed and its rate coefficients and factors were compared. This study also demonstrates the validity of Monod and multiple Monod kinetics, commonl

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PONOMAREV, VASILY I. "SUBORDINATION OF DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 09, no. 03 (2010): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477510000198.

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Anomalous kinetics, which does not fit the standard kinetic theory, has been found in many systems ranging from small neuronal networks to galactic clusters. Subordination of a "normal" dynamics, whose kinetics allows for a Brownian description, to the time flow generated by one-sided Lévy noise may result in "anomalous" evolution. We illustrate this straightforward and powerful method to produce an anomalous kinetics from a normal one by using a model of quantum kicked rotator.

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Jägle, Eric A., and Eric J. Mittemeijer. "Simulation of the Kinetics of Grain-Boundary Nucleated Phase Transformations." Solid State Phenomena 172-174 (June 2011): 1128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.1128.

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The kinetics of phase transformations for which nucleation occurs on parent-micro-structure grain boundaries, and the resulting microstructures, were investigated by means ofgeometric simulations. The inﬂuences of parent microstructure grain-boundary area density,parent grain-size distribution and parent→product kinetics were analysed. Additionally, thesimulated kinetics were compared with predictions from two kinetic models, namely a modelproposed for spatially random nucleation and a model proposed for grain-boundary nucleation.It was found that the simulated transformed fraction as function

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Khalil, Abdelouahed, та Tamàs Fülöp. "A comparison of the kinetics of low-density lipoprotein oxidation induced by copper or by γ-rays: Influence of radiation dose-rate and copper concentration". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 79, № 2 (2001): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y00-080.

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The oxidation of low-density lipoproteins is the first step in the complex process leading to atherosclerosis. The aim of our study was to compare the kinetics of low density lipoprotein oxidation induced by copper ions or by oxygen free radicals generated by60Co γ-rays. The effects of copper concentration and irradiation dose-rate on LDL peroxidation kinetics were also studied. The oxidation of LDL was followed by the measurement of conjugated diene, hydroperoxides, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance formation as well as α-tocopherol disappearance. In the case of gamma irradiation, th

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Kutlugil’dina, Galiya G. "Kinetic scheme of apple pectin oxidative transformations under the action of the ozone-oxygen mixture." Butlerov Communications 61, no. 2 (2020): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-61-2-79.

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Mathematical modeling of apple pectin oxidative transformations (AP) under the action of the ozone-oxygen mixture in aqueous solutions (the reaction system "AP + O3 + O2 + H2O") has been carried out. The kinetic scheme of the oxidation process was compiled basing on the well-known ideas of liquid-phase oxidation mechanisms of organic compounds (taking into account the currently known experimental results on AP oxidation). Using the "KhimKinOptima" software package for the proposed scheme, the inverse and direct chemical kinetics problems were solved. The well-known literature data on the rate

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Tiwari, Aishwarya. "Calculations of the Average Number of Radicals per Particle in Emulsion Polymerization." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (2021): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35189.

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In emulsion polymerization, the free radicals enter the particles intermittently from the aqueous phase. The number of radicals per particleis given by the Smith-Ewart recursion relation which balances the rate of radical entry into, the rate of radical exit from and the rate of radical termination inside the particle. Models for emulsion polymerisation are based on the 0-1 kinetics or the pseudo-bulk kinetics. Small particles, low initiator concentrations and large number of particles favour the 0–1 kinetics, whereas the large particles, high initiator concentrations and small number of parti

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Markham, J., T. J. McCarthy, M. J. Welch, and D. P. Schuster. "In vivo measurements of pulmonary angiotensin-converting enzyme kinetics. I. Theory and error analysis." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 3 (1995): 1158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.3.1158.

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We developed a procedure for measuring pulmonary angiotensin-converting enzyme kinetics with fluorine-18 fluorocaptopril and positron emission tomography (PET). The method is based on the application of a compartmental receptor model that represents the kinetics of two species of ligand, presumably the trans and cis conformers of captopril. The input function was characterized and includes corrections for the labeled metabolites of fluorocaptopril. Application of the procedure to lung time-activity data obtained with PET produced estimates of kinetic parameters demonstrating fast kinetics for

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Sambhi, M. S. "Kinetics of Chain Scission of Natural Rubber." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 62, no. 5 (1989): 779–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536274.

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Abstract The first-order and zero-order kinetic models of chain scission, based on random chain scission processes, are critically examined. It is likely that for many practical situations, the first-order chain scission kinetics can be represented by pseudozero-order kinetic types of equations. The kinetic results indicate that chain scission of NR occurs either by a pseudofirst-order or a pseudozero-order process. The pseudozero-order chain scission kinetics of NR are in consonance with the result that chain scission involves the bimolecular reaction of peroxy radicals in the termination ste

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Dumitraşa, Mihai. "Non-parametric kinetic analysis of thermogravimetric data for the thermal degradation of poly(tetrafluorethylene)." Acta Chemica Iasi 22, no. 2 (2014): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/achi-2014-0009.

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Abstract Thermal degradation of Teflon was investigated by thermoanalytical methods (TG and DTA). In the kinetic analysis of the experimental data, the NPK method proves to be a valuable tool, allowing for some new kinetic aspects of the degradation process to be obtained. Analysis of the computed isothermal and isoconversional vectors provided some insight into the reaction kinetics. Two different initiation pathways were suggested to control the global degradation kinetics, their relative contribution being temperature-dependant

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Li, He Ping, Yao Zhang, Yong Zhe Yang, Hong Xia Huang, and Shun Hua Xiao. "Reaction Mechanism and Kinetics Model of the Green Surfactant Alkyl Polyglucoside." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.855.

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On the basis of the study of green surfactant alkyl polyglucoside that was synthesized from starch or glucose and fatty alcohol by direct method, the reaction mechanism was discussed and the macroscopic reaction kinetics model was proposed and established. The kinetics model between the concentration of glucose(CA) and reaction time (t) was as follows: ln(CA—0.00025) = —(Kt+2.08). The method of establishing kinetics model can be popularized to the kinetic study of other alkyl polyglucoside.

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Chudoba, P., and M. Pannier. "Nitrification Kinetics in Activated Sludge with Both Suspended and Attached Biomasses." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 7 (1994): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0339.

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A series of nitrification kinetic tests was carried out with both suspended and fixed biomasses originated from a combined activated sludge system with a plastic support for biomass growth introduced into the aeration tank (Experimental combined unit - ECU). The results of these batch tests were compared with kinetics calculated from continuously run pilot plant. It was concluded that nitrification kinetics of both suspended and attached biomasses were similar and, consequently, it was assumed that the percentage of autotrophs is the same in both biomasses. The kinetics determined in both batc

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KISHOR, ARORA. "Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Thorium(IV) and Dioxouranium(VI) Complexes." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 74, Aug 1997 (1997): 589–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5890705.

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Department of Chemistry, Government Post-Graduate College, Morena-476 001 Thermal decomposition kinetics studies of thermal reactions are useful in studying parameters like free energy change (Δ<em>G</em>*), enthalpy change (Δ<em>H*</em>), activation energy (<em>E</em>*) and ultimately the entropy change (Δ<em>S</em>*) and pre-exponential factor (<em>A</em>) or frequency factor (<em>Z</em>). This concept was f"u-st proposed somewhere In 1928. Since then so many methods and equations have been put forward for studying thermal decomposition kinetics of the reaction Pr

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French, Andrew S., and Lisa L. Stockbridge. "Fractal and Markov behavior in ion channel kinetics." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 66, no. 7 (1988): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y88-159.

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Kinetic analysis of ion channel recordings attempts to distinguish the number and lifetimes of channel molecular states. Most kinetic analysis assumes that the lifetime of each state is independent of previous channel history, so that open and closed durations are Markov processes whose probability densities are sums of exponential decays. An alternative approach assumes that channel molecules have many configurtions with widely varying lifetimes. Rates of opening and closing then vary with the time scale of observation, leading to fractal kinetics. We have examined kinetic behavior in two typ

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Du, Hong Shuang, Xiang Yu Li, Xue Yong Ren, and Yan Xue Han. "Pyrolysis Kinetics Equation of Larch Bark." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.313.

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The larch bark was examined by non-isothermal means to determine the mass loss kinetics of the thermal decomposition with linear temperature programming in nitrogen atmosphere. In this work, mechanism equation of = was used forCoats-Redfern integral methodat the different heating rates. The apparent activation energy, pre-exponential factor and the pyrolysis kinetic equations at the different heating rates were obtained. The pyrolysis temperature area was divided into two separate temperature regions for the pyrolysis kinetic equation and the two components were decomposed respectively at the

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Rossetti, Ilenia, Francesco Conte, and Gianguido Ramis. "Kinetic Modelling of Biodegradability Data of Commercial Polymers Obtained under Aerobic Composting Conditions." Eng 2, no. 1 (2021): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng2010005.

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Methods to treat kinetic data for the biodegradation of different plastic materials are comparatively discussed. Different samples of commercial formulates were tested for aerobic biodegradation in compost, following the standard ISO14855. Starting from the raw data, the conversion vs. time entries were elaborated using relatively simple kinetic models, such as integrated kinetic equations of zero, first and second order, through the Wilkinson model, or using a Michaelis Menten approach, which was previously reported in the literature. The results were validated against the experimental data a

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