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Journal articles on the topic 'Kingfishers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 March 2023

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1

Biswas, JK, NJ Sarker, MF Ahsan, and MM Rahman. "Activity patterns of pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis) and stork-billed kingfisher (Pelargopsis capensis) at the Chittagong university campus, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 42, no. 2 (2015): 191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v42i2.23355.

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The activity patterns of pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis Linnaeus, 1758) and stork-billed kingfisher (Pelargopsis capensis Linnaeus, 1766) were studied in the Chittagong University Campus, Chittagong, Bangladesh, during January 2011 to December 2013. Eight activities (resting/perching, bathing, flying, feeding, calling, preening, hovering and diving) were observed in this study, of which pied kingfisher performed all eight activities and stork-billed kingfisher performed all except bathing and hovering. Both kingfisher species spent the maximum (pied kingfisher: 31.87%; stork-billed kingfisher: 45.82%) time in resting/perching and the minimum (pied kingfisher: 4.83%; stork-billed kingfisher: 1.90%) in preening. Pied kingfishers were mostly (28.3%) active during 0700 and 0900 h and stork- billed kingfishers were more (31.17%) active in between 0901-1100 h. Pied kingfishers spent their highest (9.01%) time in different activities in August and the lowest (7.68%) in February, whereas storkbilled kingfishers spent the maximum (8.69%) time in March and the minimum (7.80%) in May.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(2): 191-203, 2014

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2

Jung, Thomas S. "Predation of a Western Water Shrew (Sorex navigator) by a Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon)." Canadian Field-Naturalist 130, no. 4 (2017): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v130i4.1921.

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Belted Kingfishers (Megaceryle alcyon) are highly piscivorous and rarely take prey other than fish. Here, I report an observation of a male Belted Kingfisher preying on a Western Water Shrew (Sorex navigator) in a small boreal stream in southwestern Yukon. This observation provides further evidence that Belted Kingfishers will occasionally prey on riparian small mammals when the opportunity arises and points to piscivorous birds as apparently novel predators of shrews.

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3

Degrandi, Tiago Marafiga, Jean Carlo Pedroso de Oliveira, Amanda de Araújo Soares, et al. "Karyotype description and comparative analysis in Ringed Kingfisher and Green Kingfisher (Coraciiformes, Alcedinidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 12, no. 2 (2018): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v12i2.23883.

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Kingfishers comprise about 115 species of the family Alcedinidae, and are an interesting group for cytogenetic studies, for they are among birds with most heterogeneous karyotypes. However, cytogenetics knowledge in Kingfishers is extremely limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the karyotype structure of the Ringed Kingfisher (Megaceryletorquata Linnaeus, 1766) and Green Kingfisher (Chloroceryleamericana Gmelin, 1788) and also compare them with related species in order to identify chromosomal rearrangements. The Ringed Kingfisher presented 2n = 84 and the Green Kingfisher had 2n = 94. The increase of the chromosome number in the Green Kingfisher possibly originated by centric fissions in macrochromosomes. In addition, karyotype comparisons in Alcedinidae show a heterogeneity in the size and morphology of macrochromosomes, and chromosome numbers ranging from 2n = 76 to 132. Thus, it is possible chromosomal fissions in macrochromosomes resulted in the increase of the diploid number, whereas chromosome fusions have originated the karyotypes with low diploid number.

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4

Silva-Krott, Ilse, M. Kelly Brock, and Randall E. Junge. "Determination of the presence of Mycobacterium avium on Guam as a precursor to reintroduction of indigenous bird species." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 3 (1998): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980227.

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Eight of 11 native forest bird species on Guam were extirpated by the introduction of the Brown Tree Snake Boiga irregularis. Emergency measures necessary to rescue the Guam subspecies of Micronesian Kingfisher Halcyon cinnamomina cinnamomina from extinction involved translocation and captive breeding in American mainland zoos. Soon after the establishment of a captive breeding population, the kingfisher demonstrated a high degree of susceptibility to avian tuberculosis (ATB), a disease that proved to be a major threat to the preservation of the species. The cause of ATB is Mycobacterium avium which produces a prolonged course of infection in kingfishers and other birds. Kingfishers infected with M. avium are difficult to detect until late in the course of the disease, thereby potentially posing a risk of transmitting ATB to the Guam captive population of Guam Rails Gallirallus owstoni, if kingfishers are repatriated. M. avium is considered to be ubiquitous in nature. However, there are no reported mortalities due to ATB in any bird species on Guam. In this study, six of twenty-one cultures yielded Mycobacterium spp., two of which were further identified as M. avium. Since this study demonstrates that M. avium already exists on Guam, repatriating kingfishers to Guam poses no threat of introducing a new pathological agent to the island's ecosystem. Strict quarantine procedures along with rigorous animal husbandry protocols should minimize risks of repatriating infected kingfishers to Guam, and prevent transmission of ATB to the captive population of Guam Rails and other bird populations on Guam.

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5

Hamas, Michael J. "Territorial Behavior in Belted Kingfishers, Ceryle alcyon, During Fall Migration." Canadian Field-Naturalist 119, no. 2 (2005): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v119i2.117.

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The Belted Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon) exhibits territorial behavior during breeding and on the wintering grounds. However, behavior during migration is poorly documented. Here, I report on kingfishers exhibiting territorial behavior during fall migration along the shoreline of northern Lake Huron, Michigan.

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6

Poprach, Karel, and Ivo Machar. "Distribution of Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) in the Ramena řeky Moravy National Nature Reserve (Czech Republic) in Relation to the Coppice-with-standard Forest Management." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 2 (2015): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563020447.

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The paper brings results of a long-term monitoring of a breeding population of the Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) carried out at the Morava River (an 11.11 km long section) in the Ramena řeky Moravy National Nature Reserve (Litovelské Pomoraví SPA, Czech Republic) in the years 1987–2012. Monitoring of breeding sites of the Common Kingfisher was performed using a modified nest searching method. In the study area, numbers of Common Kingfishers fluctuate significantly between 1 and 15 breeding pairs (i.e. between 0.09 and 1.26 breeding pairs per 1 km of the river). In a statistical analysis of data from the period 2005–2012, factors affecting distribution of Kingfisher nests in the study area were assessed. A statistically significant relationship was found between the distribution of Kingfisher breeding sites and the distribution of riparian stands of the floodplain forest in a coppice-with-standards forest. This finding is discussed in relation to the current tendencies to apply coppicing in areas of high conservation value.

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7

López-Jiménez, A., G. Pérez-Ponce de León, and M. García-Varela. "Molecular data reveal high diversity ofUvulifer(Trematoda: Diplostomidae) in Middle America, with the description of a new species." Journal of Helminthology 92, no. 6 (2017): 725–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x17000888.

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AbstractMembers of the genusUvuliferare distributed worldwide and infect aquatic snails and freshwater fishes as first and second intermediate hosts, respectively, and fish-eating birds (kingfishers) as definitive hosts. Metacercariae ofUvuliferspp. were collected from the fins and skin of 20 species of freshwater fishes in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and the adults were recovered from the intestine of kingfishers in four localities of Mexico. The genetic divergence among 76 samples (64 metacercariae and 12 adults) was estimated by sequencing the 28S and 5.8S nuclear genes, as well as the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2, and one mitochondrial gene (cox1). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses inferred with each dataset showed a high genetic diversity within the genusUvuliferacross Middle America, revealing the existence of four genetic lineages that exhibit some level of host specificity to their second intermediate hosts. The metacercariae of lineage 1 were associated with characids and cyprinids in central and northern Mexico. Metacercariae of lineages 2 and 3 were associated with cichlids distributed widely across Middle America. The lack of adults of these lineages in kingfishers, in lineages 2 and 3, or the fact that just a few adult specimens were recovered, as in lineage 1, prevented a formal description of these species. The metacercariae of lineage 4 were found in poeciliids, across a distribution range comprising Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua, and the adult was found in the green kingfisher in Mexico. The number of specimens sampled for lineage 4, for both gravid adults and metacercariae, allowed us to describe a new species,Uvulifer spinatusn. sp. We describe the new species herein and we discuss briefly the genetic diversity inUvuliferspp. and the importance of using DNA sequences to properly characterize parasite diversity.

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8

Kelly, Jeffrey F. "Effects of substrate on prey use by belted kingfishers (Ceryle alcyon): a test of the prey abundance – availability assumption." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 4 (1996): 693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-078.

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Foraging trials were conducted using belted kingfishers (Ceryle alcyon) to examine relationships among prey abundance, availability, and use. Because these relationships are affected by the preference of the predator, I also determined the prey preference of belted kingfishers. Fish (Pimephales promelas and Catostomus commersoni) and crayfish (Orconectes spp.) were exposed to predation by 12 wild belted kingfishers under 4 treatments in which prey availability was manipulated by altering habitat structure. The preferred prey of belted kingfishers were relatively large fish (11–13 cm long). In structurally simple habitats, prey use by belted kingfishers reflected this preference. Complex habitat structure reduced the availability of preferred prey items and resulted in prey use that did not differ from the initial prey abundance distribution. These experiments demonstrated that prey abundance was not equivalent to availability and that habitat structure and prey preference had important effects on the relationships among prey abundance, availability, and use. Thus, evaluating the importance of prey resources to predators on the basis of prey abundance–use comparisons, while ignoring prey availability and the dynamic factors that influence it, may lead to erroneous conclusions.

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9

Catanach, Therese A., Kevin P. Johnson, Ben D. Marks, Robert G. Moyle, Michel P. Valim, and Jason D. Weckstein. "Two lineages of kingfisher feather lice exhibit differing degrees of cospeciation with their hosts." Parasitology 146, no. 8 (2019): 1083–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019000453.

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AbstractUnlike most bird species, individual kingfisher species (Aves: Alcedinidae) are typically parasitized by only a single genus of louse (Alcedoffula, Alcedoecus, or Emersoniella). These louse genera are typically specific to a particular kingfisher subfamily. Specifically, Alcedoecus and Emersoniella parasitize Halcyoninae, whereas Alcedoffula parasitizes Alcedininae and Cerylinae. Although Emersoniella is geographically restricted to the Indo-Pacific region, Alcedoecus and Alcedoffula are geographically widespread. We used DNA sequences from two genes, the mitochondrial COI and nuclear EF-1α genes, to infer phylogenies for the two geographically widespread genera of kingfisher lice, Alcedoffula and Alcedoecus. These phylogenies included 47 kingfisher lice sampled from 11 of the 19 currently recognized genera of kingfishers. We compared louse phylogenies to host phylogenies to reconstruct their cophylogenetic history. Two distinct clades occur within Alcedoffula, one that infests Alcedininae and a second that infests Cerylinae. All species of Alcedoecus were found only on host species of the subfamily Halcyoninae. Cophylogenetic analysis indicated that Alcedoecus, as well as the clade of Alcedoffula occurring on Alcedininae, do not show evidence of cospeciation. In contrast, the clade of Alcedoffula occurring on Cerylinae showed strong evidence of cospeciation.

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10

Mountfort., G. R. "KINGFISHERS MIGRATING AT NIGHT." Ibis 91, no. 2 (2008): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1949.tb02278.x.

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11

Kesler, Dylan C., and Susan M. Haig. "Territoriality, Prospecting, and Dispersal in Cooperatively Breeding Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus Cinnamominus Reichenbachii)." Auk 124, no. 2 (2007): 381–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.2.381.

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Abstract We investigated territoriality, prospecting, and dispersal behavior in cooperatively breeding Pohnpei Micronesian Kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii) throughout the annual cycle using radiotelemetry and color-band resights. Mean home-range size was 6.3 ha and territories were 8.1 ha. Within territories, Micronesian Kingfishers shared 63% of their home-range space with coterritorial occupants, and 3% was shared with extraterritorial conspecifics. Birds on cooperative territories had larger home ranges that overlapped more with coterritory occupants' home ranges than birds in pair-held territories. Despite evidence suggesting that resources necessary for survival and reproduction occurred on each territory, Micronesian Kingfishers of all age and sex classes made extraterritorial prospecting movements. Prospecting was rare; it comprised only 4.3% of our observations. When birds departed on forays, they were gone for ∼1.9 h and returned to home territories before sunset. Prospecting by dominant birds was temporally correlated with courtship and nest initiation, and birds were observed at neighboring nest sites with opposite-sex conspecifics during the period when females were available for fertilization. Juveniles and helpers prospected throughout the year and made repeated homesteading movements to dispersal destinations before dispersing. Mean dispersal distance for radiomarked individuals was 849 m. Results suggest that prospecting in Micronesian Kingfishers is a complex behavior that provides information for dispersal decisions and familiarity with dispersal destinations. Additionally, extraterritorial movements may provide covert opportunities for reproduction, which have potential to profoundly influence the distribution of fitness among helper and dominant Micronesian Kingfishers. Territorialité, prospection et dispersion chez des Todiramphus cinnamominus reichenbachii présentant une reproduction coopérative

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12

Zarzoso-Lacoste, Diane, Elsa Bonnaud, Emmanuel Corse, et al. "Stuck amongst introduced species: Trophic ecology reveals complex relationships between the critically endangered Niau kingfisher and introduced predators, competitors and prey." NeoBiota 53 (December 13, 2019): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.53.35086.

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The introduction of mammals on oceanic islands currently threatens or has caused the extinction of many endemic species. Cats and rats represent the major threat for 40 % of currently endangered island bird species. Direct (predation) and/or indirect (exploitative competition for food resource) trophic interactions are key mechanisms by which invaders cause the decrease or extinction of native populations. Here, we investigated both direct and indirect trophic interactions amongst four predator species (i.e. animals that hunt, kill and feed on other animals), including three introduced mammals (Felis silvestris catus, Rattus rattus and Rattus exulans) and one critically endangered native bird, the Niau kingfisher (Todiramphus gertrudae). All four species’ diets and prey availability were assessed from sampling at the six main kingfisher habitats on Niau Island during the breeding season. Diet analyses were conducted on 578 cat scats, 295 rat digestive tracts (218 R. exulans and 77 R. rattus) and 186 kingfisher pellets. Despite simultaneous use of morphological and PCR-based methods, no bird remains in cat and rat diet samples could be assigned to the Niau kingfisher, weakening the hypothesis of current intense predation pressure. However, we determined that Niau kingfishers mainly feed on introduced and/or cryptogenic prey and highlighted the potential for exploitative competition between this bird and both introduced rat species (for Dictyoptera, Coleoptera and Scincidae). We recommend removing the cats and both rat species, at least within kingfisher breeding and foraging areas (e.g. mechanical or chemical control, cat sterilisation, biosecurity reinforcement), to simultaneously decrease predation risk, increase key prey availability and boost kingfisher population dynamics.

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13

PENHALLURICK, JOHN M. "KINGFISHERS, BEE-EATERS, AND ROLLERS." Wilson Bulletin 113, no. 3 (2001): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2001)113[0356:ol]2.0.co;2.

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14

Boggs, Rebecca M. C. "Hopkins's as Kingfishers Catch Fire." Explicator 54, no. 4 (1996): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1996.9934123.

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15

FRY, C. H. "THE ORIGIN OF AFROTROPICAL KINGFISHERS." Ibis 122, no. 1 (2008): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1980.tb00871.x.

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16

Kasahara, Satoe, and Kazuhiro Katoh. "Food-niche differentiation in sympatric species of kingfishers, the Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis and the Greater Pied Kingfisher Ceryle lugubris." Ornithological Science 7, no. 2 (2008): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2326/1347-0558-7.2.123.

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17

Mardiastuti, A., Y. A. Mulyani, and M. D. Kusrini. "Bird visit to Ficus benjamina in two urbanization gradients in the tropics." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 948, no. 1 (2021): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012061.

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Abstract Fig trees area believed to be important bird habitat in the tropics, including in urban areas. The research objective was to reveal the bird species that visited Ficus benjamina in the low and high urbanization gradients in the tropics. Data were obtained in IPB University Darmaga Campus (low urbanization) and Sentul City (high urbanization) in Bogor (West Java, Indonesia), through direct observations of four trees per site in the morning, midday, late afternoon, and night, totalling 276 observation hours. Total of 29 bird species visited F. benjamina trees (26 species in low urbanization, 12 species in high), mainly insectivores, nectarivores, and frugivores birds. Nine species were common in both sites, i.e., Spotted Dove, Plaintive Cuckoo, Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker, Small Minivet, Common Iora, Sooty-headed Bulbul, Yellow-vented Bulbul, Common Tailorbird, Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker, and Olive-backed Sunbirds. Nocturnal birds (Collared Scops Owl, Large-tailed Nightjar) were present in low urbanization, but absent in high urbanization site, so did kingfishers (White-throated Kingfisher, Collared Kingfisher) and some other urbanization-prone species. The high urbanization site was characterized by the presence of Eurasian Tree Sparrow at the fig tree. This study showed that F. benjamina has an important role for diurnal and nocturnal birds, even in the high urbanization site.

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18

Sharpe, R. B. "On the Kingfishers of South Africa." Ibis 11, no. 3 (2008): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1869.tb06881.x.

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19

Bell, H. L. "INFORMATION ON NEW GUINEAN KINGFISHERS, ALCEDINIDAE." Ibis 123, no. 1 (2008): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1981.tb00172.x.

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20

Taha, Aseel Abdul-Lateef. "Charles Olson’s Historical Vision in “The Kingfishers." Al-Adab Journal, no. 111 (March 15, 2015): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i111.1533.

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Charles Olson (1910–1970) is an American poet whose understanding of the poetic process is influenced by a broader perceptive of history. Trained primarily as a historian rather than as a literary scholar, he displayed much interest in cultural and historical issues. In his poem, “The Kingfishers” (1953), Olson takes on the role of the historical researcher. He tries to outline the historical and political dimensions of Western civilization. Olson’s poem is a detailed exploration of a historically critical subject which is the deterioration of the glory of the ancient cultures at the hand of the Western conquerors. It sheds light on the vanity of the perfection of European civilization. Olson attempts to create a new vision in which poetry appears as a vivid reflection of history

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21

Hopkins, Gerard Manley. "As Kingfishers Catch Fire, Dragonflies Draw Flame." Janus Head 4, no. 1 (2001): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jh20014117.

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22

Hand, Dominic. "Charles Olson’s ‘The Kingfishers’ and Quantum Physics." Cambridge Quarterly 48, no. 4 (2019): 324–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/bfz028.

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23

Haig, S. M., J. D. Ballou, and N. J. Casna. "Genetic Identification of Kin in Micronesian Kingfishers." Journal of Heredity 86, no. 6 (1995): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111616.

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24

Moynihan, M. "Social relations among Halcyon Kingfishers in Senegal." Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie) 42, no. 2 (1987): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/revec.1987.5400.

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25

Eliason, Chad M., Michael J. Andersen, and Shannon J. Hackett. "Using Historical Biogeography Models to Study Color Pattern Evolution." Systematic Biology 68, no. 5 (2019): 755–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz012.

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Abstract Color is among the most striking features of organisms, varying not only in spectral properties like hue and brightness, but also in where and how it is produced on the body. Different combinations of colors on a bird’s body are important in both environmental and social contexts. Previous comparative studies have treated plumage patches individually or derived plumage complexity scores from color measurements across a bird’s body. However, these approaches do not consider the multivariate nature of plumages (allowing for plumage to evolve as a whole) or account for interpatch distances. Here, we leverage a rich toolkit used in historical biogeography to assess color pattern evolution in a cosmopolitan radiation of birds, kingfishers (Aves: Alcedinidae). We demonstrate the utility of this approach and test hypotheses about the tempo and mode of color evolution in kingfishers. Our results highlight the importance of considering interpatch distances in understanding macroevolutionary trends in color diversity and demonstrate how historical biogeography models are a useful way to model plumage color pattern evolution. Furthermore, they show that distinct color mechanisms (pigments or structural colors) spread across the body in different ways and at different rates. Specifically, net rates are higher for structural colors than pigment-based colors. Together, our study suggests a role for both development and selection in driving extraordinary color pattern diversity in kingfishers. We anticipate this approach will be useful for modeling other complex phenotypes besides color, such as parasite evolution across the body.

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26

Naher, Habibon, and Noor Jahan Sarker. "Preying frequency of white-throated kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus, 1758)." Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 22 (September 22, 2016): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v22i0.15469.

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A study was conducted on ‘Preying frequency of White-throated Kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus 1758) in Bangladesh’ from September 2008 to September 2011 at Nikunja-1 in Dhaka City Corporation area. The objectives of the study were to know the average preying frequency per day in different months and seasons. Scan sampling method was followed to study the kingfishers’ behaviour. At regular interval (5 minutes), day long observation was made with some observatory equipments. It preyed 4.1± 2.3 times per day on an average. They had bimodal feeding patterns, at morning (0701-1200 h) and afternoon (1401-1800 h). At noon they avoided preying. December was the highest preying month and summer was the highest unsuccessful preying season in the year. The food items composed of 36.6% arthropods and 61.1% fishes. Arthropods were preyed for 1.5 times and fishes for 2.5 times on an average per day. In association with arthropods and fishes they also preyed on amphibians and reptiles occasionally. Arthropods were preferred highly during non breeding season but fishes were preferred in breeding season for saving time and energy.ECOPRINT 22: 39-49, 2015

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27

Sullivan, S. Mažeika P., and Mary C. Watzin. "Relating stream physical habitat condition and concordance of biotic productivity across multiple taxa." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, no. 12 (2008): 2667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-165.

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To explore the potential of assessments of stream geomorphic condition and habitat quality in evaluating lotic productivity, we investigated concordance of stream biotic productivity (aquatic macroinvertebrates, crayfish, fish, and belted kingfishers ( Ceryle alcyon )) and their physical habitat correlates in 18 streams in the Champlain Valley, Vermont, USA. Pearson correlation analysis indicated significant concordance between macroinvertebrate density and fish biomass (r = 0.76), between the density of macroinvertebrates in the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera and fish biomass (r = 0.81), and between fish biomass and kingfisher brood weight (r = 0.54). We used principal component analysis followed by linear regression to investigate relationships between physical habitat condition and biotic productivity and to identify key components of physical habitat condition assessments. Our analysis supported the combined use of geomorphic and habitat assessments as a comprehensive indicator of stream physical habitat condition. We found relationships between habitat assessment scores and productivity measures of all taxa except crayfish, suggesting similar responses to physical condition across trophic levels. Our results encourage the use of additional taxa, in addition to widely used macroinvertebrate metrics, as indicators of the composite effects of physical habitat impairment in stream ecosystems.

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28

Brooks, Robert P., and W. James Davis. "Habitat Selection by Breeding Belted Kingfishers (Ceryle alcyon)." American Midland Naturalist 117, no. 1 (1987): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2425708.

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29

Travis, Erika K., Randall E. Junge, and Scott P. Terrell. "Infection withMycobacterium simiaecomplex in four captive Micronesian kingfishers." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 230, no. 10 (2007): 1524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.230.10.1524.

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30

Kesler, Dylan C., and Susan M. Haig. "Microclimate and Nest-Site Selection in Micronesian Kingfishers." Pacific Science 59, no. 4 (2005): 499–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/psc.2005.0045.

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31

MIRONOV, SERGEY V., and TERRY D. GALLOWAY. "Feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and kingfishers in Canada." Zootaxa 5016, no. 1 (2021): 1–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5016.1.1.

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Investigation of the diversity and taxonomy of feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) on passerines (Passeriformes) and kingfishers (Coraciiformes: Alcedinidae) in Manitoba revealed 19 species in 5 genera. Of them, eight new species are described, seven of these from passerines and one from a kingfisher: Alaudicola eremophila sp. n. from Eremophila alpestris (Alaudidae), Amerodectes icteri sp. n. from Icterus galbula (Icteridae), A. pheucticus sp. n. from Pheucticus ludovicianus (Cardinalidae), A. tiffanyluiae sp. n. from Oporornis agilis (Parulidae), A. tretiakae sp. n. from Molothrus ater (Icteridae), Tyrannidectes sealyi sp. n. from Tyrannus tyrannus (Linnaeus, 1758) (type host) and Tyrannus verticalis Say, and T. empidonicus sp. n. from Empidonax minimus (Tyrannidae), and Proterothrix megaceryle sp. n. from Megaceryle alcyon (Alcedinidae). Additionally, nine pterodectine species are reported for the first time in the fauna of Canada. Based on re-evaluation of diagnostic charcters, new diagnoses are proposed for the genera Amerodectes, Tyrannidectes, and Metapterodectes, and species contents of these genera are revised. Four species are transferred from the genus Amerodectes to Tyrannidectes with the new combinations proposed: T. caribaeus (Mironov and González-Acuña, 2011) comb. n., T. charitomenos (Hernandes, 2018) comb. n., T. pitangi (Mironov, 2008) comb. n., T. vireonis (Hernandes and Pedroso, 2016) comb. n. Six species are transferred from the genus Tyrannidectes to Metapterodectes with the new combinations: M. amaurochalinus (Hernandes and Valim, 2006) comb. n., M. cinclodes (Mironov and González-Acuña, 2011) comb. n., M. crassus (Trouessart, 1885) comb. n., M. falcklandicus (Mironov and González-Acuña, 2011) comb. n., M. fissuratus (Hernandes and Valim, 2005) comb. n., and M. pteroptochi (Mironov and González-Acuña, 2015) comb. n.

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32

Johnston, David W. "Feeding Ecology of Pied Kingfishers on Lake Malawi, Africa." Biotropica 21, no. 3 (1989): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2388655.

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Woodall, P. F. "Morphometry, diet and habitat in the kingfishers (Aves: Alcedinidae)." Journal of Zoology 223, no. 1 (1991): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb04750.x.

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34

Greig-Smith, P. W. "Selection of Feeding Areas by Senegal Kingfishers Halcyon senegalensis." Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 49, no. 2 (2010): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb00287.x.

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MELO, MARTIM, and JÉRÔME FUCHS. "Phylogenetic relationships of the Gulf of Guinea Alcedo kingfishers." Ibis 150, no. 3 (2008): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.2008.00826.x.

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Moyle, Robert G. "A Molecular Phylogeny of Kingfishers (Alcedinidae) With Insights Into Early Biogeographic History." Auk 123, no. 2 (2006): 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/123.2.487.

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Abstract The phylogeny of kingfishers was reconstructed by comparing mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences representing 38 ingroup species. Analysis of the combined data and the nuclear data alone recovered the Alcedininae as the basal lineage in the family. This basal arrangement, and support for many relationships within the three subfamilies, allows discussion of biogeographic issues. The Australian region and Pacific islands display the highest diversity of kingfishers, but this diversity is not a reflection of a long history in the region. Rather, high diversity and endemism in the Australian region is inferred to result from relatively recent radiations from southern Asia. The most parsimonious explanation for the origin of New World taxa is two dispersal events from the Old World. Within the large Halcyon radiation, the phylogeny is well resolved and allows evaluation of generic assignments. The phylogeny supports splitting Todiramphus from Halcyon. Todiramphus and Syma are sister taxa, as are Halcyon and Pelargopsis. Thus, merging or retaining those genera is a more subjective decision. Although not fully resolved, relationships within the alcedinines indicate that Ceyx and Alcedo, as currently delimited, are not natural groups. Phylogénie Moléculaire des Alcedinidae avec un Aperçu de l'Histoire Biogéographique Ancienne

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McCullough, Jenna M., Robert G. Moyle, Brian T. Smith, and Michael J. Andersen. "A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1910 (2019): 20190122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0122.

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The evolution of pantropically distributed clades has puzzled palaeo- and neontologists for decades regarding the different hypotheses about where they originated. In this study, we explored how a pantropical distribution arose in a diverse clade with a rich fossil history: the avian order Coraciiformes. This group has played a central role in the debate of the biogeographical history of Neoaves. However, the order lacked a coherent species tree to inform study of its evolutionary dynamics. Here, we present the first complete species tree of Coraciiformes, produced with 4858 ultraconserved elements, which supports two clades: (1) Old World-restricted bee-eaters, rollers and ground-rollers; and (2) New World todies and motmots, and cosmopolitan kingfishers. Our results indicated two pulses of diversification: (1) major lineages of Coraciiformes arose in Laurasia approximately 57 Ma, followed by independent dispersals into equatorial regions, possibly due to tracking tropical habitat into the lower latitudes—the Coracii (Coraciidae + Brachypteraciidae) into the Afrotropics, bee-eaters throughout the Old World tropics, and kingfishers into the Australasian tropics; and (2) diversification of genera in the tropics during the Miocene and Pliocene. Our study supports the important role of Laurasia as the geographical origin of a major pantropical lineage and provides a new framework for comparative analyses in this charismatic bird radiation.

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38

Legge, Sarah, Sarah Legge, Robert Heinsohn, and Robert Heinsohn. "Kingfishers in paradise: the breeding biology of Tanysiptera sylvia at the Iron Range National Park, Cape York." Australian Journal of Zoology 49, no. 1 (2001): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00090.

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We describe the breeding biology and site fidelity of the buff-breasted paradise kingfisher (Tanysiptera sylvia), which migrates each year from New Guinea to breed in north-east Australia. In a three-year study at the Iron Range National Park in Cape York, Australia, we collected data from 91 breeding attempts (49 territories), and banded 77 adults and 101 nestlings (47 broods) to determine site fidelity. Paradise kingfishers arrived at Iron Range when the first major rains fell after the dry season. They nested exclusively in terrestrial termitaria, avoiding mounds that were too small, too close to a neighbouring territory, or mounds where the termites were absent. They were single-brooded, but laid a second clutch if their first attempt failed early. Clutch size was usually three, incubation lasted 25 days, nestlings hatched asynchronously and fledged after 27 days. Of 114 nestlings, 48.2% were male. Each breeding territory produced an average of 1.5 fledglings per year. The main factors influencing nesting success were predation, which ended 33% of all attempts, and brood reduction, which affected 24% of nests. Hatch failure was rare (3.2%). Birds were sexually mature at one year. Nearly half of the breeding adults banded in the first year of the study were still alive two years later, making them at least four years old. The return rates of banded adults varied among years (56–84%), but were similar for the two sexes. Returning birds almost always settled on the same territory with the same partner as the previous year, thus they formed long-term pair-bonds. In all, 7% of breeding pairs were assisted at the nest by an additional male, who was probably not their offspring.

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39

Shields, Sara J., and Jeffrey F. Kelly. "Nest-site Selection by Belted Kingfishers (Ceryle alcyon) in Colorado." American Midland Naturalist 137, no. 2 (1997): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2426860.

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KESLER, DYLAN C., and SUSAN M. HAIG. "Multiscale Habitat Use and Selection in Cooperatively Breeding Micronesian Kingfishers." Journal of Wildlife Management 71, no. 3 (2007): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-011.

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41

Remsen,, J. V. "Kingfishers, Bee-Eaters & Rollers C. Hilary Fry Kathie Fry." Auk 110, no. 3 (1993): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4088439.

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Kinsel, Michael J., Michael B. Briggs, Richard F. E. Crang, and Robert D. Murnane. "VENTRICULAR PHYTOBEZOAR IMPACTION IN THREE MICRONESIAN KINGFISHERS (HALCYON CINNAMOMINA CINNAMOMINA)." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 35, no. 4 (2004): 525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/03-089.

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Labinger, Zev, Gadi Katzir, and Yoav Benjamini. "Prey size choice by captive pied kingfishers, Ceryle rudis L." Animal Behaviour 42, no. 6 (1991): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80149-6.

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44

Hatlen, Burton, and Charles Olson. "Kinesis and Meaning: Charles Olson's "The Kingfishers" and the Critics." Contemporary Literature 30, no. 4 (1989): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1208615.

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Bridge, Eli S., and Jeffrey F. Kelly. "Reproductive success of belted kingfishers on the upper Hudson River." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 32, no. 8 (2013): 1855–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2263.

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46

Matterson, Stephen, and Ralph Maud. "What Does Not Change: The Significance of Charles Olson's 'The Kingfishers'." Modern Language Review 95, no. 2 (2000): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3736177.

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Ligon, J. David. "Kingfishers, Bee-Eaters & Rollers: A Handbook.C. Hilary Fry , Kathie Fry." Quarterly Review of Biology 68, no. 4 (1993): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/418370.

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Taylor, Stuart, and Michael R. Perrin. "Evidence for individual vocal differences in Woodland Kingfishers Halcyon senegalensis cyanoleuca." Ostrich 79, no. 2 (2008): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ostrich.2008.79.2.13.587.

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49

Moroney, Mark K., and John D. Pettigrew. "Some observations on the visual optics of kingfishers (Aves, Coraciformes, Alcedinidae)." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 160, no. 2 (1987): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00609721.

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BE, Oguntimehin. "Food and Feeding Behaviour of Kingfishers (Family: Alcedinidae) in Selected Water Bodies in Osun State, Nigeria." International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology 2, no. 5 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/izab-16000179.

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