Academic literature on the topic 'Kings and rulers in literature'
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Journal articles on the topic "Kings and rulers in literature"
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Erickson, Kyle. "ANOTHER CENTURY OF GODS? A RE-EVALUATION OF SELEUCID RULER CULT." Classical Quarterly 68, no. 1 (March 16, 2018): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838818000071.
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This paper proposes that living Seleucid kings were recognized as divine by the royal court before the reign of Antiochus III despite lacking an established centralized ruler cult like their fellow kings, the Ptolemies. Owing to the nature of the surviving evidence, we are forced to rely heavily on numismatics to construct a view of Seleucid royal ideology. Regrettably, it seems that up until now much of the numismatic evidence for the divinity of living Seleucid rulers has not been fully considered. I argue that the evidence from silver coinage produced in the name of the Seleucid kings presents a version of the official image of the reigning king and that images which portray the king as divine reflect central acceptance of the king's divinity. This is clear from the epithets on the coinage of Antiochus IV and his successors, but I will argue that the same principle holds for all earlier Seleucid kings. Thus coinage with divine images of Seleucid kings provided one of the mechanisms through which the royal court transmitted the divine nature of the kings to the population. As we will see, in the case of Antiochus Hierax, local considerations also influenced the numismatic representation of the king. This blurring of boundaries between the local veneration of the king, which has long been accepted as normal civic practice in the Greek city-states and in non-Greek temples, and the royal images of the divine king calls into question the strict division between civic and centralized ruler cults. The reflection of local cults within royal ideology can be seen as a manifestation of a negotiating model of Seleucid power that relied heavily on a dialogue with a wide range of interested groups. This article argues that the inconsistencies in the development of an iconography of divine kingship before the reign of Antiochus IV is a manifestation of the same phenomenon.
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Kumarasinghe, Sriyalatha, and Grant Samkin. "Impression management and ancient Ceylonese rulers." Accounting History 25, no. 1 (October 29, 2018): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373218802892.
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This study investigated how the Ceylonese kings, who ruled the South Asian island nation until the start of colonial occupation in the late sixteenth century, used stone inscriptions as impression management techniques to present a favourable impression of themselves to their subjects. The sample comprises 383 stone inscriptions. The findings of this article suggest that the impression management strategies used by Ceylonese kings to communicate with their subjects are consistent with those used by more modern charismatic leaders. However, the way strategies were implemented differed. This study contributes to the literature on the motivations and impression management techniques used by charismatic leaders and it adds to the limited knowledge on ancient Sri Lanka. Examining how charismatic leaders in the form of Ceylonese kings used inscriptions may provide insights into how modern-day chief executive officers or partners of major accounting practices use narrative components of annual reports and other forms of corporate communications to portray their leadership.
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Classen, Albrecht. "Die Figur des Herrschers in der Exempelliteratur – Transkulturelle Perspektiven/The figure of the Ruler in Exemplary Literature – Transcultural Perspectives, ed. Mechthild Albert and Ulrike Becker. Studien zu Macht und Herrschaft, 8. Göttingen: V&R unipress/Bonn University Press, 2020, 271 pp., 6 b/w ill." Mediaevistik 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2021.01.95.
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Abstract: As we have realized already for quite some time, the medieval ruler was often the object of harsh criticism, and the role of the king was not at all uncontested during the Middle Ages. Even though the mythical figure of King Arthur seems to be exempt from any particular criticism, most chronicle and romance author voiced rather critical opinions regarding their respective rulers. Thus, there is a good number of surprisingly weak and incompetent kings in a variety of literary genres (cf. Albrecht Classen, “The Cry-Baby Kings in Courtly Romances: What is Wrong with Medieval Kingship?,” Studi Medievali 3a Serie, XXXIX.2 [1998]: 833-63; here not consulted). In many didactic texts, especially in those pertaining to the genre of example literature (wisdom literature), we can detect an entire discourse on the king, viewed both negatively and positively, depending on his character, intellectual acumen, leadership qualities, etc. This topic was discussed more in depth at a workshop in Bonn from Nov. 29 to 30, 2018, and the current volume contains the papers presented there.
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Otsuka, Osamu. "The Hazaraspid Dynasty’s Legendary Kayanid Ancestry: the Flowering of Persian Literature under the Patronage of Local Rulers in the Late Il-khanid Period." Journal of Persianate Studies 12, no. 2 (January 2, 2020): 181–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18747167-12341334.
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Abstract This article discusses the flowering of Persian literature under the patronage of the Hazaraspid Nosrat al-Din, the local ruler of Lorestan in the late Il-khanid period. It is generally accepted that Persian literature evolved dramatically under the patronage of Mongol Il-khanid rulers. However, little research deals with the contribution of local rulers to this evolution. Persian literary works offered to Nosrat al-Din present him as a descendant of the legendary Kayanid kings and celebrate him as an ideal ruler who combined the characteristics of a Persian and an Islamic ruler. While accepting the suzerainty of the Il-khanids, Nosrat al-Din justified his power by emphasizing his identity as a Persian ruler by patronizing such cultural activities. This study presents a case where the growing awareness of a local ruler as a legitimate Persian ruler under Mongol domination contributed to the evolution of Persian literature at the time.
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Hayitov, Shavkat Ahmadovich. "Depiction of king and great leaders in classic literature." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i1.306.
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As the centuries move from works to works, the image of the perfect king is filled and refined, and the subject of justice is deeply embedded in classical literature. The roots of a long history of justice and the rules of the rulers' relations with their citizens have been developed by each artist in accordance with the moral, social, political, educational and ideological demands of their time. In the article, Sheikh Muslihiddin Saadi's first chapter of Gulistan in the Remembrance of Kings, the first chapter of Hazrat Alisher Navoi's "Mahbubul-Qubub" entitled "In the remembrance of the righteous and the good and the good," in the eleventh century. Abu Ali Hasan bin Ali Tusi - Nizamulmulk, who lived and worked in the "Siyosatnoma" from 531 to 579 and ruled Sultan Mahmud G from the reign of 997-1030 Ghaznaviy to be a comparative analysis of the symbols of the art venues and narrations, some of the above-mentioned principles referred to reflect the image of a mature ruler (President). In place of the forty-second chapter of the Qobusnama in the Remembrance of the Kingdom and the Form of the Kingdom, it is also analyzed by Unsurul Maali Kaikovus bin bin Iskandar bin Qaboos (11th century).
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Mohammad Hussain Rangraz. "Imprints Of Biographical Literature In History And Memoirisms Written In Kashmir." MAIRAJ 2, no. 1 (July 17, 2023): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.58760/mairaj.v2i1.15.
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Biographical literature and memoirs play a significant role in shaping our understanding of history. They provide valuable insights into the lives and experiences of individuals, shedding light on the social, cultural, and political contexts of a particular time and place. This holds true for any region, including Kashmir.In the context of Kashmir, biographical literature and memoirs offer glimpses into the lives of notable individuals, their struggles, achievements, and contributions to the region's history. These accounts can range from political figures and leaders to artists, scholars, and everyday people who have made an impact on Kashmiri society. One prominent example of biographical literature in Kashmir is the "Rajatarangini" (The River of Kings), written by Kalhana in the 12th century. It is a historical chronicle of the Kashmir region, encompassing the lives and reigns of various kings and rulers. While not strictly a memoir, it provides valuable biographical information about the rulers and their achievements. In addition to historical chronicles, there are personal memoirs written by individuals from Kashmir. These memoirs offer personal accounts of their lives, experiences, and the socio-political climate they witnessed. They provide insights into the lived realities of people in Kashmir and can help us understand the impact of various historical events and conflicts on individuals and communities.Overall, biographical literature and memoirs contribute to the collective memory and understanding of Kashmir's history, allowing us to explore the human dimension of historical events and gain a deeper appreciation for the diverse perspectives and experiences within the region.
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Austin, M. M. "Hellenistic kings, War, and the Economy." Classical Quarterly 36, no. 2 (December 1986): 450–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800012180.
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My title links together kings, war, and the economy, and the linkage is deliberate. I do not of course wish to suggest that Hellenistic kings did nothing but fight wars, that they were responsible for all the wars in the period, that royal wars were nothing but a form of economic activity, or that the economy of the kings was dependent purely on the fruits of military success, though there would be an element of truth in all these propositions. But I wish to react against the frequent tendency to separate topics that are related, the tendency to treat notions relating to what kings were or should be as something distinct from what they actually did, and the tendency to treat political and military history on the one hand as something separate from economic and social history on the other.A number of provisos should be made at the outset. The title promises more than the paper can deliver; in particular, more will be said about kings and war than about kings and the economy. The subject is handled at a probably excessive level of generalization and abstraction. I talk about Hellenistic kings in general, but in practice it would obviously be necessary to draw distinctions between different dynasties, different times and places, and individual rulers, and some of those distinctions I shall indicate. Conclusions are provisional and subject to modification and considerable expansion in detail. Finally, two points of terminology. I use the word ‘Hellenistic’ for no better reason than out of the force of acquired habit, but of course the word and the concept are modern inventions that were unknown to the ancient world.
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Lamb, David T. "The Non-Eternal Dynastic Promises of Jehu of Israel and Esarhaddon of Assyria." Vetus Testamentum 60, no. 3 (2010): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853310x511687.
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AbstractThree Israelite kings receive promises of a dynasty continuing indefinitely (David, Solomon and Jeroboam I), but Jehu of Israel is the only ruler in the Hebrew Bible with a non-eternal dynastic promise. While many Assyrian rulers claim divine election and speak of “eternal” dynasties, the dynastic promise of Esarhaddon is unusual because of its modest nature. The dynastic promises of Jehu and Esarhaddon are therefore unique within their ANE context because of their lack of hyperbolic language, guaranteeing only four or two generations of continuity. Since both rulers assume the throne in the midst of a political crisis their reigns would have been reasonable times for promises legitimizing their dynasties. A comparison of these two oracles will not only allow the interesting parallels between the two promises to be clearly seen, but also reveal the crucial role that non-eternal dynastic oracles can play in establishing royal legitimacy.
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West, Stephanie. "And It Came to Pass that Pharaoh Dreamed: Notes on Herodotus 2.139, 141." Classical Quarterly 37, no. 2 (December 1987): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800030482.
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Significant dreams, like omens and oracles, play a conspicuous part in Herodotus′ narrative; the prominence which he affords to them well illustrates the difference between his approach to historiography and that of Thucydides, in whose work we shall look in vain for nocturnal visions. From the point of view of the scientific historian reports of dreams are inadmissible evidence, resting as they must on the unverifiable testimony of a single witness whose recollection is very likely to have been influenced by subsequent events. Herodotus′ more hospitable attitude in part reflects his incalculable debt to the traditions of Levantine storytelling; but it is also connected with the central position occupied by kings and other powerful individuals in his narrative. Homer bears witness to the belief that the dreams of kings are more likely to be divinely inspired than those of others (II. 2.80–2.83), and throughout the Near East rulers recorded the achievements which resulted from monitions received in sleep; if royal dreams assumed a more lucid and orderly form than most people could well parallel from their own experience, this might be regarded as a natural corollary of the peculiar link between king and gods.
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Coroban, Costel. "Representations of political power in medieval Iceland: Íslendingabók." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 8, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v8i2_2.
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This paper aims to analyse emblematic sources from the Golden Age of literature in High Medieval Iceland, such as Íslendingabók, from the point of view of the ideology of power, in order to compare the findings to those from other sources of the time. If in Norway towards the 13th century all power gravitated around the person of the King and the institution of the court, in Iceland the political situation from the assembly of the Alþingi in 930 up to the country’s annexation (1262) was wholly different, owing to the different political organization of the Old Icelandic Commonwealth (Þjóðveldið). The Icelandic political milieu has not been researched very extensively from the point of view of political ideology, as one of the pioneers of this approach, Jón Viðar Sigurðsson noted. There is much to be said on the subject of the worthiness of the Icelandic Family sagas as useful in describing the political ideology of power due to their role as both historical and literary sources. These skaldic texts were sponsored with specific purposes by rulers who understood how songs and stories could improve a leader’s position and prestige. As a similarity to the literature sponsored by the kings of Norway, the texts created in Iceland during the literary miracle of the Middle Ages had a greater importance for those chieftains who did not enjoy a strong position, who were either attempting to legitimate themselves as rulers of newly usurped positions, or who were threatened by stronger neighbouring rulers.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kings and rulers in literature"
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Dolan, Richard L. "Buttressing a monarchy literary representations of William III and the Glorious Revolution /." unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04142005-124115/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia State University, 2005.Ttitle from title screen. Tanya Caldwell, committee chair; Malinda G. Snow, Stephen B. Dobranski, committee members. 333 p. [numbered vi, 325]. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 26, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 318-325).
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Murray, Frances. "The representation of weeping rulers in the early Middle Ages." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15646.
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This thesis examines the representation of weeping rulers in early medieval sources, focusing on the Carolingian empire between 790 and 888. The meanings applied to tears are culturally specific: thus, exploring how, why, when and where rulers cried can illuminate the dynamics of power and ideals of kingship in this period. This thesis provides a survey of a poorly understood phenomenon. It also challenges several assumptions about the nature of early medieval power. Rulers wept not only over their own sins (a well-recognised phenomenon), but also over the sins of others and out of a desire for heavenly glory. Thus, they wept in a ‘monastic' or ‘priestly' way. This was something associated more with certain rulers than others. As such, tears can be used as a lens through which developments in ideas about the relationship between secular rulers and the ecclesiastical hierarchy can be traced. The thesis is divided into six sections. The historiographical importance of this topic is discussed in the introduction. Chapter one assesses the understanding of tears in biblical, Roman and Merovingian sources. Chapter two focuses on the representation of tears in texts associated with the court of Charlemagne (d. 814). Chapter three explores how authors loyal to Louis the Pious (d. 840) used tears to respond to criticisms of him and his wife, the Empress Judith (d. 843). Chapter four turns to exegetical material written between 820 and 860 and examines how biblical rulers were represented weeping. In particular, the reception of these previously unrecognised images in royal courts and their influence on narrative sources will be considered. Chapter five explores sources from the later ninth century, focusing particularly on the writings of Hincmar of Reims (d. 882) and Notker of St Gall (d. 912). Chapter six considers tears in three case studies drawn from post=Carolingian sources. Finally the concluding section outlines the significance of this thesis for our understanding of Carolingian and post Carolingian political culture and the history of weeping in the middle ages.
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Fish, Jeffrey Brian. "Philodemus, De bono rege secundum Homerum : a critical text with commentary (cols. 21-39) /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Hauenstein, Hanne. "Zu den Rollen der Marke-Figur in Gottfrieds "Tristan" /." Göppingen : Kümmerle-Verl, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0710/2006483030.html.
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Vilhelmsdotter, Gisela. "Riddare, bonde och biskop : studier kring tre fornsvenska dikter jämte två nyeditioner /." Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41056661z.
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Fox, Matthew Aaron. "Augustan accounts of the regal period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:37fc131a-7c65-4c61-86db-2fe30e7edf47.
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This thesis examines accounts of the regal period in Cicero's de republica, Varro, Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Livy, as well as references to the period in Propertius IV and Ovid's Fasti. Cicero, Varro and Dionysius all present idealized accounts of the period, responding to the aetiological traditions concerning it, and making Rome's founders represent ideal originators, in different ways depending on the nature of their interests. Cicero acknowledges the problems of idealizing history, pointing to the influence of historical context on views of history. Dionysius' historiographical theories are examined, revealing a coherent theory in the light of which Dionysius' idealization can be seen as an informed attempt at an historical reconstruction. Livy too gives the regal period an originative function, to display in microcosm many themes important in later history. His interest in the origin of Rome's problems prevents him from idealizing the period. Instead he demonstrates political and social development under the kings which leads to a republic where the tensions of Rome's later history can be foreseen. Elegy had traditionally rejected history, but in Propertius IV history is included, much of it regal. Propertius establishes a particular relationship between the regal period and the elegist which is continued in Ovid's Fasti. Both poets reinterpret history, applying the self-conscious skill which had hitherto rejected historical material, and subverting expectations of the relationship of past to present. Ovid also displays kinship to themes of the Augustan revival, celebrating the present as the culmination of the past. The main unifying feature of all accounts is the dominance of the author's view of the present in shaping his version of history, stemming from the importance of the regal period as the period of Rome's origins. In the conclusion, these writings are placed within their Augustan context.
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Gera, Deborah Levine. "The dialogues of the Cyropaedia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fd2e7159-de3a-4186-9d4f-f320eec2a40a.
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This thesis is an examination of the dialogues of Xenophon's Cyropaedia. Chapter I opens with a brief introduction to the Cyr. - its genre, date, epilogue and place in modern scholarship. The second half of the chapter is devoted to an overall survey of the work's dialogues. The dialogues are listed and divided into seven main categories; various formal features of the dialogues - their length, number of speakers, presence of an audience, dramatic background etc. - are noted. The second chapter deals with the "Socratic" or didactic dialogues of the Cyr. These conversations are first compared to Xenophon's actual Socratic dialogues, particularly those of the Memorabilia, and are shown to have several of the same characteristics: a leading didactic figure, discussion of ethical questions, the use of analogies and a series of brief questions and replies etc. A detailed commentary on the "Socratic" dialogues of the Cyr. follows; some of these dialogues are seen to be livelier and more dialectical than Xenophon's genuine Socratic conversations and his hero Cyrus is not always assigned the role of teacher. Symposium dialogues are the subject of the third chapter. These conversations are shown to have several features or themes in common, such as a blend of serious and light conversation, a discussion of poverty and wealth, a love interest and rivalry among the guests. The symposia of the Cyr. are compared to earlier literary symposia, including those of Plato and Xenophon, and some of the more Persian features of these parties are pointed out. Chapter IV deals with the novelle or colourful tales of the Cyr. - the stories of Croesus, Panthea, Gobryas and Gadatas. The characters and plots of these stories are found to have much in common with the novelle of Ctesias and Herodotus. Nonetheless, it is argued in a detailed commentary on these dialogues that Xenophon displays considerable skill and originality in the telling of these tales. The fifth chapter is a brief commentary on the remaining categories of dialogues: short or anecdotal conversations, negotiation, planning and information dialogues. These dialogues are compared to similar conversations in other works by Xenophon. Finally, there are three appendices. The first questions whether Cyrus is portrayed as an ideal hero even after the conquest of Babylon, and the second discusses the problem of Persian sources in the Cyr. The third appendix is a list of the speeches of the Cyr.
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Krause, Andrew Robert. "II Samuel 5-8 as royal apology in light of Hittite royal apology genre [microform] : /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p048-0327.
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Lazar, Jessica. "1603 - the wonderfull yeare : literary responses to the accession of James I." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a0b0e575-da98-405d-81d8-8ddd0bf53924.
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'1603. The Wonderfull Yeare: Literary Responses to the Accession of James I' argues that when James VI of Scotland was proclaimed James I of England on 24 March 1603, the printed verse pamphlets that greeted his accession presented him as a figure of hope and promise for the Englishmen now subject to his rule. However, they also demonstrate hitherto unrecognized concerns that James might also be a figure of threat to the very national strength, Protestant progress, and moral, cultural, and political renaissance for which he was being touted as harbinger and champion. The poems therefore transform an insecure and undetermined figure into a symbol that represents (and enables) promise and hope. PART ONE explores how the poetry seeks to address the uncertainty and fragility, both social and political, that arose from popular fears about the accession; and to dissuade dissenters (and make secure and unassailable the throne, and thereby the state of England), through celebration of the new monarch. Perceived legal, political, and dynastic concerns were exacerbated by concrete difficulties when James was proclaimed King of England, and so he was more than fifty miles from the English border (only reaching London for the first time in early May); his absence was further prolonged by plague; this plague also deferred the immediate sanction of public festivities that should have accompanied his July coronation. An English Jacobean icon was configured in literature to accommodate and address these threats and hazards, neutralizing fears surrounding the idea of the accession with confidence in the idea of the king it brings. In the texts that respond to James's accession we observe his appropriation as a figure of hope and promise. PART 2 looks to more personal hopes and fears, albeit within the national context. It considers how the poets engage with the King's own established iconography and intentions, publicly available to view within his own writing - and especially poetry. The image that is already established there has the potential either to obstruct or to enable national and personal causes and ambitions (whether political, religious, or cultural). The poetry therefore develops strategies to negotiate with and so appropriate the King's own self-fashioning.
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Coules, John N. "Good kings, bad kings." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
Full textBooks on the topic "Kings and rulers in literature"
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ill, Andersen Bethanne 1954, ed. Ten kings: And the worlds they ruled. New York: Orchard Books, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Kings and rulers in literature"
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Schjødt, Jens Peter. "23- Kings and Rulers." In The Pre-Christian Religions of the North, 529–57. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.pcrn-eb.5.116950.
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McVeigh, Brian J. "Heavenly Ambassadors: God–Kings and Sacred Rulers." In How Religion Evolved, 57–61. New Brunswick, New Jersey : Transaction Publishers, 2016.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203789698-9.
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Andersson, Theodore M. "Kings’ Sagas (Konungasögur)." In Old Norse-Icelandic Literature, 197–238. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501741654-006.
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Strootman, Rolf. "Literature and the Kings." In A Companion to Hellenistic Literature, 30–45. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118970577.ch3.
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Tso, Bendi, Marnyi Gyatso, Naljor Tsering, Mark Turin, and Members of the Choné Tibetan Community. "Lönpo Garchen / བློན་པོ་མགར་ཆེན། / 大臣噶尔东赞." In World Oral Literature Series, 609–702. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0312.07.
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‘Lönpo Garchen’ provides a unique description of the most famous marriage in Tibetan history. With major characters and their relations with Buddhism introduced, this chapter illustrates how Songtsen Gampo’s Minister, Gar Tongtsen, trekked to Tang China, triumphed over the envoys of other rulers in competitions to woo Princess Wencheng, and used his wisdom to escape from the Tang capital to Lhasa. Additionally, this chapter contains valuable Tibetan historical, cultural, and religious knowledge.
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Wormald, Jenny. "Thoms in the Flesh: English Kings and Uncooperative Scottish Rulers, 1460–1549 1." In Authority and Consent in Tudor England, 61–77. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315261966-6.
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Wagensonner, Klaus. "The Middle East after the Fall of Ur." In The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East: Volume II, 190–309. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687571.003.0014.
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Abstract The weak reign of the last king of Ur, Ibbi-Sin, left space and opportunity for local rulers to establish their own dynasties in Mesopotamia at the end of the third millennium bc. In Isin, Išbi-Erra, one of Ibbi-Sin’s generals, rose to power, and he and his successors saw themselves as the legitimate heirs of the kings of Ur. Sumerian remains the language of the administration and economy and is also employed for most of the royal inscriptions and the extant literature, which is highly reminiscent of court poetry composed for the kings of Ur. The peace and prosperity achieved under the early Isin kings was short-lived, as soon another player joined the political game: the kings of Larsa, who traced back their origins to earlier ancestors than those of Isin. The rulers of the two rival kingdoms took advantage of any weakness in their opponents, and in the first two centuries of the second millennium bc, the size of their territories and their rule over the Mesopotamian cities were in constant flux. The peak of Larsa’s rule is reached with a new dynasty established by Kudur-mabuk, who installed his two sons successively onto the throne of Larsa. The last king of Larsa, Rim-Sin, eventually conquered Isin, and the kingdom of Larsa thus reached its largest extent. Judging from the year names of the second half of his reign, Rim-Sin appears to have rested on his laurels, as no further military activities are recorded. He ended his reign as the prisoner of Hammurabi of Babylon, who conquered Larsa and integrated all its territories into his realm.
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Trofimova, Nina V. "Russian Rulers’ Portrayals in the Mazurinsky Chronicle." In Hermeneutics of Old Russian Literature. Issue 23, 201–30. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/horl.1607-6192-2024-23-201-230.
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The article examines Russian rulers’ portrayals in the Mazurinsky Chronicle. The events reflected in the Mazurinsky Chronicle cover the period from legendary rulers of Slavs to Peter I. By the end of the 17th century there was an extensive tradition of depicting Russian princes in the chronicles from old times, in the lives (vitas), in the military narration, The Book of Degrees of the Royal Genealogy, and in the publicistic works of Time of Troubles. Isidor Snazin is the author of the Mazurinsky Chronicle who used the possibilities of all these genres. The presentation of Russian history as a God-patronized state required selection of facts and construction of a certain system of the rulers’ images. Pagan rulers are depicted, often with the help of hyperboles, on the basis of chronicles as powerful warriors who fought successful battles against the enemies and glorified by force, although in comparison with the stories of the Tale of Bygone Years, information about them is significantly reduced. Form this circle of rulers, only Rurik, briefly mentioned by Snazin, later appears as the ancestor of the Russian princes. To reflect the main milestones in the history of the Moscow state, the chronicler used images of Moscow rulers and their direct ancestors, presented in detail in The Book of Degrees of the Royal Genealogy, the creators of which depicted them as ideal characters. A significant part of the images in the chronicle of Snazin is also idealized, by depicting in the actions, evaluation by other characters, in praising characteristics created by techniques of an emotionally expressive style. According to the chronicle tradition, together with ideal characters, rulers appear depicted in a real-historical way, showing diverse qualities depending on the course of events. The princes, contemporaries of the heroes of The Book of Degrees of the Royal Genealogy, are depicted in detail when the life (vita) of saints, portents and wonders are connected with their rule. In the characteristics of the kings of the 17th century the documentaryceremonial style appeared, which was not used in the previous narrative, and emotional characteristics were weakened.
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Colclough, David. "‘I have brought thee up to a Kingdome’." In Stuart Succession Literature, 205–21. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778172.003.0011.
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This chapter analyses sermons preached around the accessions of James VI and I and Charles I, focusing on the complex tasks facing preachers as they attended to the spiritual state of the former and current rulers, counselled the new monarch on ecclesiastical policy, and spoke to the anxieties of a nation in transition. Sermons greeting the accession of the first Stuart king addressed the various claims for his legitimacy as Elizabeth’s successor; those delivered at the opening of Charles I’s reign were untroubled by such concerns but sought to reassure their auditories that the nation’s foundations were secure under its new ruler.
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McRae, Andrew. "Welcoming the King." In Stuart Succession Literature, 186–204. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778172.003.0010.
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The seventeenth century was the great age of English panegyric, and no events stimulated writers of this genre more than royal successions. This chapter considers panegyric as a dynamic form of political expression: poems, at their best, engaged with contemporary debates about the authority of the monarchy and relations between subjects and their rulers. The chapter focuses on panegyrics produced for the three Stuart reigns that began with monarchs arriving in England from elsewhere: those of James I in 1603, Charles II in 1660, and William III and Mary II in 1688–9. The chapter argues that the century’s manifold political changes placed intense strains on panegyric, and concludes by considering two poets who, under conditions of intense personal pressure, openly rejected it. Despite their different politics, George Wither and Aphra Behn both reflect valuably upon the limitations of this vital genre of political literature.
Conference papers on the topic "Kings and rulers in literature"
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Ulvi, Almaz. "TWO POWERFUL KINGS - TWO FAMOUS POETS (Shah Ismayil Khatai-566 and Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur-540)." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/pwpx8234.
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The names of two rulers - Shah Ismayil Khatai and Zahireddin Muhammad Babur - whose military power and poetic spirit complemented each other, were written in golden letters in the books of world history and science and literature. The lives and friendships of the great historical figures who were the commanders and poets of the Safavid Empire and the Babur Empire in the 15th and 16th centuries are one of the actual confirmations of the establishment of today's fraternal relations on a sound foundation.
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Milojević, Snežana J. "BOGOODABRANOST KRALjA MILUTINA U ŽITIJU DANILA DRUGOG." In Kralj Milutin i doba Paleologa: istorija, književnost, kulturno nasleđe. Publishing House of the Eparchy of Šumadija of the Serbian Orthodox Church - "Kalenić", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/6008-065-5.243m.
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Hagiographies of old Serbian literature speak of rulers as individuals chosen by God, for the benefit of the people and the country they will rule. Archbishop Danilo, writing about his contemporary, points out that King Milutin surpassed all his predecessors in terms of gender and position in the country. Apart from the typical elements - describing the good deeds of the king, as well as his imposing fundraising endeavors, the peculiarity of this life is reflected in the constant emphasis on God's help to the great king during military campaigns. Regardless of whether the initiator of the conflict was King Milutin himself or the attack on Serbian lands came from the other side, those who opposed the king were punished with a horrible death, thwarted in the endeavor or diplomatically deterred from the original plan. The help that comes from the metaphysical spaces of Good and Truth is at the same time a description of miracles, but the kind of miracle that is less talked about in medieval literature - when the intervention of the Lord punishes, in the already mentioned ways, those who chose the path of evil. Since every attack of others on the Serbian king and the Serbian land is clearly motivated by the invention of the dishonorable, placing King Milutin in opposition to such exponents of reality indirectly speaks of his godliness, correctness of his decisions and actions, but also his orientation towards eschatology.
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Yuldashev, Botir. "THE FEUDAL SYSTEM OF LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE BABURID STATE." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/fctz6782.
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This article provides brief scientific information about the jagird system of land ownership in the territory of the Great Babur state. Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur (1483-1530), the founder of the great Babur state, left Movarunnahr and settled in Kabul in 1504 and gradually expanded the borders of his state. After taking control of Balkh in the north and Kandahar in the west, Babur tried to conquer India. In 1526, King Babur, who defeated Delhi Sultan Ibrahim Lodi in the Battle of Panipat, moved the capital of his state from Kabul to Agara.King Babur abandoned the "iqta" system used by the Muslim rulers before him and introduced a new form of "jagir" in India. Babur's son Humayun also continued his father's policy. But Babur's prosperity and Humayun's abdication of the throne of Delhi could not ensure the firm preservation of the feudal system. In Baburiza, the kings Akbar and Jahangir succeeded in wide application of the feudalism started by Babur.
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Yucel, Bilal. "THE ART OF MATHEMATICS IN THE RUBAI OF ZAHIIR AD-DIN MUHAMMAD BABUR." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/iilo5785.
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Gāzı̄Zahir ad-Din Muhammad Babur, who was among the first rulers of world history,established great empires. He was also one of the rare figures who produced literary works at the highest level in world literature. His masterpiece calledBāburnāmais the reference work of academics from various disciplines. Besides that, hisDivanwith its unique style in the field of poetry,Treatiseof Aruzin the field of poetry theory,Treatise of Vâlidiyyein Sufism,Mübeyyenin verse style in the fiqh are all examples of Babur’s talent and success beyond imagination. Babur’s literary works are distinctive when compared to the other literary works of his time since they present originality as well as classical and traditional. One of these original ideas is thatBabur perfectly combined literary art and mathematics in a rubai. In this article, the numbers of the izharul-muzmer art in his rubai and the cultural aspects of these numbers will be discussed
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Ječmenica, Dejan. "O TITULATURAMA KRALjA MILUTINA." In Kralj Milutin i doba Paleologa: istorija, književnost, kulturno nasleđe. Publishing House of the Eparchy of Šumadija of the Serbian Orthodox Church - "Kalenić", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/6008-065-5.067j.
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The shortest titulature would consist of the ruler's name and title. Broader ones contained territorial indicators – namely lands ruled by the ruler, the ruler's byname and formulaic phrase of devotion to God (the Dei gratia phrase) usually in the form of by the grace of God, which emphasizes the source, i.e. the origin of the ruler's sovereignty in the country, which is in compliance with the understandings of those times. Titulatures are to be found in written documents (charters and letters) issued in the ruler's chancellery, within the intitulations at the beginning, and in the signature at the end of the document. In written documents, of various origins, which attest the relations between the ruler and the external factors, titulatures are to be found either within the inscription (address) of the documents sent or in documents in which the ruler represents a political factor. Other than that, titulatures are to be found on seals, coins, founder's inscriptions, inscriptions next to portraits/frescoes resembling the rulers, on objects-gifts to churches or monasteries, on manuscripts, and just as importantly, in narrative sources (domestic and foreign), contemporary or somewhat younger. Through all the listed examples above, we are able examine the titulature of King Milutin. Firstly, attention is focused on the ruler's name, as an essential part of the titulature. The subject of study is the king's baptismal name Milutin, rarely present in official use, the ruling name Stefan and the name Uroš, which was carried by the king's father and to which we will pay special attention to. The constant highlighting of the fact that Milutin is the direct descendant of previous kings, throw genealogical elements found in a number of more extensive titulatures, had a special political-practical and ideological significance for King Milutin, with which he sought to legitimize his rule, since he had taken the throne from his older brother in extraordinary circumstances. In this work, we shall try to classify the titulatures of King Milutin by their types, sources in which they appear, according to content, constituent elements, extent, etc. Special attention will also be paid to the innovations of the content, that is, the changes in the titulature that came as a consequence of political events.
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Aleksić, Jana. "UMETNIČKA EPOHA KRALjA MILUTINA U KULTURNOISTORIJSKOJ I ESTETIČKOJ OPTICI MILANA KAŠANINA." In Kralj Milutin i doba Paleologa: istorija, književnost, kulturno nasleđe. Publishing House of the Eparchy of Šumadija of the Serbian Orthodox Church - "Kalenić", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/6008-065-5.817a.
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Milan Kašanin (1895–1981) in his integral study of medieval Serbian culture pays significant attention to the works and authors who created in the time of King Stefan Uroš II Milutin Nemanjića (1282–1321). Kašanin’s analysis also includes medieval literary and artistic achievements whose central theme is the King's personality and symbols of rule, as well as the spiritual and socio-histor- ical characteristics of the era the era of this important founder and great artistic patron. The author of the monographs Serbian Literature in the Middle Ages (1975) and Stone Discoveries (1978) seeks to systematize knowledge of the cul- tural past, to explain the spiritual and historical forces of the time, to understand Byzantine influences on art forms and meanings, to find elements of original art within medieval Serbian culture and to establish the most reliable periodization of literary and artistic styles. Methodologically, in examining the key focuses of a historically limited period, such as the Middle Ages, Kašanin insists on mutual “illumination of art”. He also connects the poetic and spiritual-aesthetic features of specific literary achievements with medieval church and secular architecture, fresco painting or icon painting, but also with socio-political factors. Therefore, we tried to outline the analytical and methodological framework of Kašanin’s spiritual, historical, and aesthetic thought from the point of view of the history of literary criticism, concerning the way in which he had perceived and named the artistic forms of Milutin’s epoch, art forms in which Milutin’s age and literary achievements of monk Theodosius and archbishop Danilo II.
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Zhang, Xinyue. "Research Hotspots and Trend Analysis of User Experience Design for Healthcare Service System." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003216.
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International Organization for Standardization(ISO) defines user experience as the perceptions and responses of users about the usage or anticipated use of a system, product, or service. The notion of "patient-centred" service has steadily evolved over the last several years, focusing on user experience in the healthcare service system. Current research on user experience in healthcare service systems integrates topics such as psychology, design, and engineering. It is impossible to conduct an impartial analysis of this multidisciplinary topic based on a survey of the traditional literature due to the complexity and volume of the reference material. This study utilises bibliometrics to visualise the retrieved data's knowledge structure and structure of the retrieved data and to offer a foundation for future research in the area of user experience design for healthcare service systems.The information for this research comes from the Web of Science. The search strategy was TS=((User Experience)AND(Medical Services OR Medical Products OR Medical Diagnostic Equipment)), and the search sources were the five primary citation indexes typically utilised in the WOS database: SSCI, SCI-Expanded, A&HCI, CPCI-S and CPCI-SSH. During the search process, the sources had to be modified or eliminated to prevent the loss of interdisciplinary literature. The search results were produced as "complete records and cited references" text files. Manual screening is used to screen out publications that diverge from the subject of the study, lack on-site information (e.g., time, keywords, authors, and other crucial information), include duplicate data, or are otherwise distracting. For additional quantitative analysis, a total of 2030 articles were retrieved.This work employs a mix of bibliometrics, content analysis, and information visualisation, as proposed by Pritchard in 1969: bibliometrics may assist in identifying patterns and information in vast volumes of literature via quantitative analysis of all sorts of literature. The study also used a combination of two bibliometric tools, CiteSpace and VOSviewer, to examine keyword co-occurrence analysis and literature co-citation in the cited literature and to map the associated scientific information to visualise research paths and frontier regions.The results of the study indicate that: 1. From a macro perspective, the number of documents in the search area is increasing and will remain a key research direction in the academic community; 2. From the perspective of the number of articles published, the UK, the US, China, and Canada are leading the research in this field; kings coll London, Mcmaster univ, Boston univ and other institutions are more active, but there are few high-producing institutions, and eastern Europe is the least productive region. The need for more collaboration between research institutions and between institutions and writers and the shortage of prolific authors represent the most significant research limitations. 3.The disciplines of "healthcare," "experience," "mental health," "services," "telemedicine," "patient satisfaction," "impact," and "schizophrenia" are varied and strongly interrelated. Nonetheless, this topic's fundamental study has generated many great works.
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Hock, Hans Henrich. "Foreigners, Brahmins, Poets, or What? The Sociolinguistics of the Sanskrit “Renaissance”." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.2-3.
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A puzzle in the sociolinguistic history of Sanskrit is that texts with authenticated dates first appear in the 2nd century CE, after five centuries of exclusively Prakrit inscriptions. Various hypotheses have tried to account for this fact. Senart (1886) proposed that Sanskrit gained wider currency through Buddhists and Jains. Franke (1902) claimed that Sanskrit died out in India and was artificially reintroduced. Lévi (1902) argued for usurpation of Sanskrit by the Kshatrapas, foreign rulers who employed brahmins in administrative positions. Pisani (1955) instead viewed the “Sanskrit Renaissance” as the brahmins’ attempt to combat these foreign invaders. Ostler (2005) attributed the victory of Sanskrit to its ‘cultivated, self-conscious charm’; his acknowledgment of prior Sanskrit use by brahmins and kshatriyas suggests that he did not consider the victory a sudden event. The hypothesis that the early-CE public appearance of Sanskrit was a sudden event is revived by Pollock (1996, 2006). He argues that Sanskrit was originally confined to ‘sacerdotal’ contexts; that it never was a natural spoken language, as shown by its inability to communicate childhood experiences; and that ‘the epigraphic record (thin though admittedly it is) suggests … that [tribal chiefs] help[ed] create’ a new political civilization, the “Sanskrit Cosmopolis”, ‘by employing Sanskrit in a hitherto unprecedented way’. Crucial in his argument is the claim that kāvya literature was a foundational characteristic of this new civilization and that kāvya has no significant antecedents. I show that Pollock’s arguments are problematic. He ignores evidence for a continuous non-sacerdotal use of Sanskrit, as in the epics and fables. The employment of nursery words like tāta ‘daddy’/tata ‘sonny’ (also used as general terms of endearment), or ambā/ambikā ‘mommy; mother’ attest to Sanskrit’s ability to communicate childhood experiences. Kāvya, the foundation of Pollock’s “Sanskrit Cosmopolis”, has antecedents in earlier Sanskrit (and Pali). Most important, Pollock fails to show how his powerful political-poetic kāvya tradition could have arisen ex nihilo. To produce their poetry, the poets would have had to draw on a living, spoken language with all its different uses, and that language must have been current in a larger linguistic community beyond the poets, whether that community was restricted to brahmins (as commonly assumed) or also included kshatriyas (as suggested by Ostler). I conclude by considering implications for the “Sanskritization” of Southeast Asia and the possible parallel of modern “Indian English” literature.
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Fostikov, Aleksandra. "ZANATSTVO U DOBA KRALjA MILUTINA." In Kralj Milutin i doba Paleologa: istorija, književnost, kulturno nasleđe. Publishing House of the Eparchy of Šumadija of the Serbian Orthodox Church - "Kalenić", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/6008-065-5.149f.
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The economic growth happened during the reign of King Uroš II Milutin in medieval Serbia based on the development of mining and technology leap, parallel with the processes of conquering new territories and byzantiontion, as the urbanization, affected the economic sector itself. The production of precious metals increases, money is minted and the trade flourishes. The strong financial basis finds its special reflection in the increase and strengthening of the army, but also in construction, which in the literature is characterized as above average for one ruler. In addition, apart from the construction itself and military craft production, there is also a flourishing of arts and handicrafts, as well as the use of certain materials. Moreover, there is a flourishing of artistic crafts, as well as further stratification and differentiation of crafts. At the same time, the influences of Byzantium on the craft, that were in the continuity flowed, strengthened in the time of Milutin, as through the alliance, which was crowned with marriage, or through the newly seized territories, which until then were in the Byzantine economic system. Also the arrival of skilled craftsmen from the territory of Byzantium, whose work is preserved both in written sources and in the form of immovable material remains, was one more step for gaining new knowledge of certain skills. Apart from the further development of the craft production, during Milutin's time there was a new codification of it, as it could be seen from Banjska charter, which is the first significant source on crafts organization and with legal norms about some crafts, that is preserved until today.
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Sallai, János, and Johanna Farkas. "21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.2.4.21.p24.
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It is impossible to separate the public police organization from the modern state. King Louis XIV was the founder of the first centrally organized and uniform police force in 1667. A book related to the work of the police was first published in 1705 under the title "Traité de la police". It outlines the three main activities of the police, which are economic regulation, measures of the public order, and general rules of hygiene. The first head of Police and his 44 police commissioners' work was assisted by police inspectors beginning in 1709. The police also appeared on German territory, and the works of Lorenz von Stein, Otto Mayer, and Robert von Mohl are still dominant in Europe nowadays. This study examines books, journals, and legal documents to present the development of the law enforcement and the modern challenges of policing in Hungary. Our country celebrated the establishment of the central police last year. In the 20th century there was a development in modern policing and literature, as well as the emergence of modern police officer training. After World War II, a Soviet law enforcement model was imitated in which there was state security, secrecy, and Soviet police character. Although research of historical and theoretical studies of policing was forbidden, after the Revolution of 1989, the research of law enforcement theory was completed. Globalisation has created new sources of danger (e.g. terrorism, cybercrime), driven by a lack of borders and the expansion of international relations (Farkas, 2016). We can only meet the new challenges with the deepening of international law enforcement cooperation. Keywords: law enforcement, globalisation, data-transmission revolution, security