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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Kinship relation'
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Inoue, Mizuki. "Sexual and clonal reproduction in relation to kinship structure of a clonal dioecious liana species, Dioscorea japonica." Kyoto University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144111.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第12378号
農博第1559号
新制||農||926(附属図書館)
学位論文||H18||N4136(農学部図書室)
24214
UT51-2006-J370
京都大学大学院農学研究科森林科学専攻
(主査)講師 高柳 敦, 教授 野渕 正, 教授 武田 博清
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Lernihan, U. M. "A study of kinship foster carers in Northern Ireland in relation to 1. selected characteristics in the wider context of traditional foster carers 2. the attitude of kinship foster carers to social services involvement in their lives." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273296.
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Akbay, Hivda. "Gender Roles And Community Formation In Kurdish Migrant Women." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1011808/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the intersecting dynamics of gender and ethnic identities for Kurdish Migrant women in Turkey. For this aim, it attempts to investigate Kurdish migrant women's everyday lives in their private and public domains, which include in-family, out-family social and ecomomic relations. It is expected that Kurdish women'
s gender and ethnic identities will intersect in these domains and will be effective in creating a specific ethnic community
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Liow, Joseph Chinyong. "The kinship factor in international relations : kinship, identity construction, and nation formation in Indonesia-Malaysia relations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1716/.
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This thesis addresses the question of why the kinship factor has not been able to provide a viable basis upon which Indonesia-Malaysia relations can be organised, despite the fact that the language of kinship continues to frame diplomatic discourse between the two "kin states". As a study of the phenomenon of kinship in international relations, the thesis discusses the basis of kinship discourse in Indonesia-Malaysia relations, how kinship was politicised in terms of its conceptualisation and application, and why its dominant motif has been rivalry more than harmony, despite its regular evocation. In order to understand the kinship factor as a political phenomenon in Indonesia-Malaysia relations, four issues are considered: (1) the anthropological and sociological nature of kinship, (2) the politicisation of kinship in terms of the perception and interpretation of its attendant expectations and obligations, (3) the association of the kinship factor with the historical process of identity building and nation formation in Indonesia and Malaysia, and (4) the discrepancies between popular pressures to emphasise kinship, which imply extra-national loyalties, and the political calculations of leaders based on conceptions of sovereignty. Consequently, the study makes the observation that despite the fact that there is a basis upon which to define Indonesia and Malaysia as kin states, their "special relationship" has been characterised predominantly by tension. It argues that this state of affairs has been a consequence of the perceived failure of these kin states to fulfil the expectations and obligations of kinship. This, in turn, has been borne of fundamental differences in their respective historical experiences and the forging of their national identities, which contravened the loyalties wrought by the kinship factor. Having said that, there remain avenues for co-identification on the basis of kinship, particularly in reference to the influence of the "Chinese factor" that has traditionally been a cause for concern for the national identities and security of Indonesia and Malaysia.
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Olofsson, Sven. "Till ömsesidig nytta : Entreprenörer, framgång och sociala relationer i centrala Jämtland ca. 1810-1850." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-158684.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyse the mutual impact which social relations and entrepreneurship had in relation to the success of four actors in a rural area in northern Sweden at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Many Swedish scholars have studied the process of social differentiation, before the industrial revolution. However, we still know very little about the forces behind this process, why some peasant households became more successful than others, especially during the first half of the nineteenth century when the economic differences were increasing. To grasp this process, the notion of social position has been used as a tool to grade the population on a scale from low- to high-ranked households in an economic and political sense. The fact that households were more or less successful turns our attention to the ability among individuals and households to change their social position. A theoretical concept chosen to investigate such change is the notion of entrepreneur, which implies a focus on the actor working for personal profit in a changing economic world. The main question has been how important social relations connected to entrepreneurship are in order to promote success among peasant households in the pre-industrial society. The empirical investigation has been conducted on two different levels. The first level is a structural study analysing the physical landscape of the court district of Rödön, the economic stratification and the political activity of the population in the area and, finally, their economic behaviours as peasants and rural businessmen. The second is a qualitative study emphasising on four individual actors: the businessman Per Wikström in the town of Östersund and three of the most successful peasant households in the region. The four case studies reveal that the rural elite had a pragmatic and dynamic approach to choosing social relations outside the family. Many acquaintances grew persistent and embedded in family or kinship relations, whereas others were short-lived or sacrificed for a calculated economic gain.
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Zambrini, Ariane Vasques. "As veredas do bode : criação na solta e laboro no sertão de Pernambuco." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8945.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
The goal on this dissertation performs both a description and an analysis on human and nonhuman relation based on Floresta's countryside, a town located in Pernambuco State. I have described this relation from some different point of view, yet their particular way of breeding (criação na solta) has been the main focus on my analysis. The intensive field research gave rise to the sketching of interspecies relations in that area. It had occurred in the period of three months when took place conversations and interviews with local husbandman who breeds both in the countryside (no mato) and the streets (na rua). In particular, the issue draws upon a description about how five families from the riparian zone (Cachoeira, Pocinhos, Quebra-Unha, Capim e Riacho do Meio) deal with and understand their relations with goats. At first, my analysis looks forward to the contrast between laboro as a husbandman daily activity and both the concept of work and and the extensive production method. The laboro is a set of very specific procedure and skill – a part of what is called criação na solta – and they are a condition of possibility for what I intend to describe and understand. Signs belong to the set of skills: they are a knife cutting made at the goat's ear which concurrently symbolize and identify the animal's owner and its family. The laboro and the signs are ways of realization and accomplishment of family affiliation. The laboro relies upon the animal's intense acquaintance with the caatinga which brings together a particular husbandry expertise; just a few men knows the terrain and how to breed goats. The concept of domestication can be drawn from the nexus relating breeder, livestock and caatinga in the manner of their mutual relation. Hence, from the standpoint of breeders and their families I describe how this practical way of breeding give rise to an understanding on interspecies relation in a given region. Those who knows the veredas, the goat-tracks traced as daily over the years, knows as well the ground pattern and footprint which deliver a way of being which is proper to husbandman, caatinga and the goat.
O propósito desta dissertação é descrever e analisar relações tramadas entre humanos e não humanos na zona rural de Floresta, município localizado no sertão de Pernambuco. Essas relações são caracterizadas por mim a partir de distintas perspectivas, mas admitem como eixo condutor da análise a prática da criação na solta. A pesquisa de campo intensiva, com duração de três meses, somada aos diálogos e entrevistas com moradores da região, criadores do mato e da rua, permitiram que relações interespecíficas daquele local pudessem ser delineadas. Mais especificamente, trata-se de descrever como famílias residentes em cinco ribeiras (Cachoeira, Pocinhos, Quebra-Unha, Capim e Riacho do Meio) lidam e compreendem suas relações com cabras e bodes. A princípio, por meio de uma análise contrastiva demonstro como o laboro, atividade diária dos criadores, pode ser pensada em contraposição à noção de trabalho e a um modo de produção extensivo. O laboro é um conjunto de técnicas e procedimentos muito específicos que fazem parte desse modo de criação na solta, ambos condição de possibilidade para a compreensão das relações que pretendo descrever. Parte dessas técnicas são os sinais, recortes feitos a faca nas orelhas da criação, que, ao mesmo tempo, simbolizam e identificam o proprietário do animal e a família a que pertence. O laboro e os sinais são meios de efetivação e visualização de relações de parentesco. O laboro, que pressupõe um convívio intenso entre animais e caatinga, permite que os criadores produzam e conservem um conhecimento particular, uma expertise. Apenas alguns conhecem o mato e sabem criar cabras e bodes. É por meio do nexo constituído entre criadores, criação e caatingas, dos seus afetos e das afecções de seus corpos que foi possível pensar a ambivalência da noção de domesticação. Portanto, partindo do ponto de vista dos criadores e de suas famílias, descrevo como um modo de criação e suas práticas, possibilitam compreender as relações interespecíficas em uma determinada região. Aqueles que conhecem as veredas, traçadas diariamente e ao longo de anos por cabras e bodes, conhecem as impressões e marcas na terra de um modo de existência de sertanejos, caatinga e bodes.
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Patterson, Lee E. "The use of kinship myth in Greek interstate relations /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091954.
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Cavounidis, Jennifer Springer. "Family and productive relations : artisan and worker households in Athens." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336247.
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Chabot, Hendrik Theodorus Rössler Martin Röttger-Rössler Birgitt. "Kinship, status and gender in South Celebes /." Leiden : KITLV press, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37507090p.
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Salmon, Catherine. "Sex, birth order, and the nature of kin relations : an evolutionary analysis /." *McMaster only, 1997.
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Hann, Andrew Grahame. "Kinship and exchange relations within an estate economy : Ditchley, 1680-1750." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a9b1cf6e-7aa2-4f91-a3f3-f89d2eefcd7e.
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This thesis presents original evidence on changes occurring within the exchange economy of a north-west Oxfordshire rural community during the first half of the eighteenth century. It has been suggested that capitalism began to evolve in rural areas of England during this period due to the transformation of agriculture and growth of consumerism. Thus one would expect to find evidence of a growing commercialisation of the agrarian population characterised by increased reliance upon the market and a diminution of customary exchange and self-provisioning. Drawing evidence from the Ditchley estate accounts, the balance of monetary and nonmonetary exchange, the nature of transactions, and the role of kinship connections in mediating them, are described and analysed. It is argued that whilst the accounts do reveal significant levels of monetization and widespread use of market exchange especially after 1725, an extensive, largely non-monetized internal estate market in goods operated in parallel. These two systems appear to have been as much complementary as in competition, reflecting the high levels of integration within the local agrarian economy of the stonebrash region. Moreover, analysis of kinship networks suggests that many seemingly monetary transactions had a social component. Market exchange at Ditchley was essentially as dependent on social relations as reciprocal exchange within the neighbourhood area. The customary economy of kinsman and neighbour continued to flourish and to complement the expanding market economy in early eighteenth-century England, because both had a moral component. For the villagers at Ditchley there was no clear dichotomy between the two.
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Wong, Ka-yee Carrie. "An investigation into Chinese kinship terms in Hong Kong society." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22189695.
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Papataxiarchis, Euthymios. "Kinship, friendship and gender relations in two east Aegean village communities (Lesbos, Greece)." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1988. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/669/.
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This thesis is concerned with the ways in which kinship and friendship are informed by cultural notions of gender in two villages of Northern Lesbos (East Aegean region of Greece) and it falls into four parts. It begins with a discussion of marriage and the creation of the domestic group, it moves on to consider relations in the predominantly female realm of house and neighbourhood and concludes with an examination of the social and cultural configurations present in the exclusively male domain of the coffeeshop and the village community at large. In the introductory chapter I briefly discuss the socio-economic and demographic context in a historical perspective. The analysis of informal courtship, match-making and dowering and the process of marriage more generally forms the focus of part one. Here it is shown that the religiously sanctioned ideal of the bilateral household (which is based on gender complementarity) is administered primarily by women and exhibits a matrilateral emphasis. This point is fully explored in part two where it is demonstrated that while men, especially those of low status, are domestically marginal, their wives in their maternal role dominate kin-based and mutually antagonistic networks of women. A close examination of the fragmented nature of male kinship and the content of affinity and neighbourship further confirms the centrality of women to kinship. The third part begins with an extensive discussion of the code of commensality and the drinking patterns it supports, the cycle of participation in different categories of coffeeshop and the symbolism of drinks. An analysis of male commensal friendship and the more asymmetric ties that arise in competitive drinking and gambling gives us the clues to understanding notions of gender that are specific to the coffeeshop and opposed to corresponding notions that arise in the context of the household. Finally the concluding part examines the values of individual personhood and 'belonging' in local society and assesses the contrast between two notions of the village and their implications for political behaviour.
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Lin, Chin-ju. "Tranforming patriarchal kinship relations : four generations of 'modern women' in Taiwan, 1900-1999." Thesis, University of Essex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272573.
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Kean, Erin M. "Relative Families: Kinship and Childhood in Early Canadian Juvenile Literature, 1843-1913." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39177.
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This thesis examines representations of Indigenous and non-Indigenous children that circulated through various reports, magazines, and fictional stories that were produced for and about children in Canada’s settler colonial context. Particularly, I focus on the archives of two related institutions, the interdenominational Canada Sunday School Union’s annual reports (1843-1876), and the Shingwauk Industrial Home’s monthly juvenile magazine, Our Forest Children (1887-1890), as well as two juvenile adventure narratives, Canadian Crusoes (1852) by Catharine Parr Traill and “The Shagganappi” (1913) by Emily Pauline Johnson (Tekahionwake). Through the nineteenth century, childhood emerged as a stage of development in the making of a racialized adult identity; I find that these archives and texts record uneasiness about racialized systems of feeling and reveal the colonial management regime’s preoccupation with strengthening certain affective bonds of relationality in order to naturalize dominant, Eurocolonial practices of kinship.
My argument through this thesis follows and extends critical approaches to discourses of kinship from scholars interested in deploying Indigenous and postcolonial critiques of Western kinship traditions (Gaudry 2013, Justice 2018, Morgensen 2013, Rifkin 2010). These scholars variously draw on Michel Foucault’s theory of biopower, which they find to be central to the production and proliferation of the institution of settler colonialism in North America, and query how the biopolitical management of Indigenous people was constructed through particularized institutions (such as the residential school) and discourses (such as blood quantum). My project builds on this work by focusing on the representation of child-centered affect in Canada’s settler-colonial context. While kinship figures as a dominant narrative through this thesis, I argue that the figure of the child emerged as the node through which the colonial management regime worked out competing forms of kinship in Canada’s settler-colonial context.
In the first chapter, I close read the content of the annual reports that were published by the Canada Sunday School Union. I focus specifically on the “technologies of transparency” that reveal the kinds of investments that were made in the lives of real-life settler children in Canada. The Union’s interest in tracking the circulation of Sunday school libraries, for instance, reflects an impulse to inculcate Christian feeling within the nuclear family. The second chapter builds on the colonial management regime’s investment in the emotional lives of children, but shifts the focus to the lives of the Indigenous children who attended the Shingwauk Industrial Home in Sault Ste. Marie through the late 1880s. I demonstrate how Reverend Edward F. Wilson utilized the generic codes of popular British juvenile magazines of the period to showcase how the home’s Indigenous students learn how to articulate appropriate expressions of Christian feeling. In chapter three, I draw attention to Catharine Parr Traill’s undertheorized juvenile adventure novel Canadian Crusoes. I argue that Traill represents vignettes of an Indigenous kinship practice in order to stage the incorporation of a young Kanien’kehá:ka woman into the Euro-Canadian family. Finally, the fourth chapter examines how Emily Pauline Johnson represents the incorporation of mixed-race children into the Canadian nation in her juvenile adventure novel, “The Shagganappi.” While scholars read “The Shagganappi” as a tale of successful racial-intermixture, I argue that such readings only serve to reinscribe the fantasy that Canada is comprised of a “mythical métissage” (Gaudry 85).
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Hamlin, Allyson Foster. "A Phenomenological Study on the Challenges Experienced by Kinship Adopters." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5628.
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This research addressed the social and emotional challenges kinship adoptive families have encountered when their adopted child's trauma symptomology surfaces. The unique relationship between the adoptive relative and the kinship child offered a different view on the coping techniques used by kinship families and uncovered areas where resources could support permanency. In this phenomenological study, 12 interviews with relative adoptive parents guided by the attachment and family system theories, offered insight to what fosters or degrades the bond with the adopted child. Using post-adoption resource events, service agencies, and community resources, this study recruited participants through flyers posted on websites, agency waiting areas, public bulletin boards, and email distribution. The self-selected respondents learned more about the study to decide if they would participate. The data reached saturation after 12 interviews and the transcribed accounts were reviewed with each corresponding participant. Using NVivo 11 to organize the data,, the transcribed interviews were compared to discover themes inherent to the adoptive relative parent(s). Learning about kinship challenges after adopting a child exposed to maltreatment, neglect, or pre-adoptive trauma and the methods used by these families to overcome thoughts of dissolution or their discovery of areas that would benefit from supportive resources may contribute to the understanding of successful kinship adoption. The implication for social change is the decrease in dissolution rates of the adoptive relationship, thereby creating permanency outcomes in the lives of the children and creating a system of care that is proactive to societal needs and influential in providing for future generations.
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Wong, Ka-yee Carrie, and 黃家怡. "An investigation into Chinese kinship terms in Hong Kong society." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31944711.
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Mseba, Admire. "Land, power and social relations in northeastern ZImbabwe from precolonial times to the 1950s." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5575.
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This dissertation examines the history of land inequality. Historians have long assumed that unequal distribution of land in Zimbabwe was a consequence of colonial rule. I show that unequal distribution of land long predated colonialism, and that the interaction between pre-existing and new forms of inequality fundamentally shaped the colonial experience.
I begin with basic perspectives from environmental and agrarian history, I emphasize that access to land has determined whether Africans will be able to obtain subsistence, but that productive land is always a relatively scarce resource. I look very closely at the differences in soil productivity within particular landscapes, micro-environments and even individual tracts. Such differences in soil quality and the resulting scarcity of the most productive lands, I argue, provoked competition for land long before shortages caused by colonial land policies.
I situate this competition within the intimate social settings of households, kinships and, after the imposition of British rule in 1890, farms and mission stations. In them, I find political and social dynamics which, together with colonial rule, created inequality among Africans and contributed to unequal access to land. They include gender, kinship, status and generation. Through an analysis of stories of precolonial migration and settlement, I examine claims to political and ritual control over territory made by chiefs, spirit mediums and `first-comers'. Colonial land alienation deepened this competition, while the contingencies of colonial administration often forced officials to relate to European settlers in ways that opened opportunities for Africans to contest their subordinated access to land.
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Greenwood, Judith Mary. "Kinship care placement: Do grandparents' relationships with birthparents affect placement outcomes?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2819.
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This study will explore whether the relationships between grandparents and birthparents affect kinship care placement outcomes for court dependent children. Data was extracted from an existing study of kinship care providers.
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Fesenmyer, Leslie E. "Relative distance : practices of relatedness among transnational Kenyan families." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:94e0e4af-50d2-4ed3-a527-b2cb33402d48.
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In this thesis I examine familial dynamics and relations between Kenyan migrants in London and their non-migrant kin remaining in Kenya. Two transnational family configurations predominate: younger migrants and their non-migrant parents and siblings, and older transnational couples (migrant wives and non-migrant husbands). If migration is understood as a morally-laden social process, then how migrant and non-migrant kin engage with the distance(s) between them become the grounds on which what it means to be related is expressed and negotiated. Distance emerges not only as geographic and physical, but also as socially generated by the actions and inactions of kin. I argue that the emplacement of kin in different contexts post-migration, particularly younger migrants within a nascent Pentecostal community in London, mediates transnational kin relations. The thesis challenges a predominant strand of research on transnational families, which contends that migration disrupts kin relations and contributes to the commodification of love and care. Moreover, the focus on transnational Kenyan families fills a gap in African diaspora research that has largely focused on migrants from West Africa and issues of identity, diaspora politics, and development, while also addressing themes in African anthropology, such as, intergenerational reciprocity, social reproduction, and change.
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Montgomery, Alison Skye. "Imagined families : Anglo-American kinship and the formation of Southern identity, 1830-1890." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bbfb161e-513d-4c2c-9325-4e60d17b4fba.
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Anglo-American kinship, as a set of historical continuities linking the United States to Great Britain and as a reckoning of relatedness, constituted a valuable cultural resource for Southerners as they contemplated their place within the American nation and outside in the nineteenth century. Like the more conventional calculations of consanguinity and familial belonging it referenced, the Anglo-American kinship was contingent, convoluted, and, not infrequently, contested. Articulated at various times by masters and former slaves, ministers and merchants, plantation mistresses and politicians, this sense of belonging to an imagined transatlantic family transcended the boundaries of gender, race, and class as readily as it traversed national borders. Though grounded in biogenetic factors, the language of Anglo-American kinship encompassed claims of belonging predicated on confessional faith, language, and institutions as well as blood. This thesis considers the interaction between conceptions of Anglo-American kinship and the formation of Southern national identity, both unionist and separatist, between 1830 and 1890 by examining institutions and social rituals that both inculcated filiopietism and constructed Southerness in the Civil War era and beyond. The subjects under consideration in this study include the role of European travel in forging Southern distinctiveness before the war, ring tournaments and the ethos of medieval chivalry they promoted, the Protestant Episcopal Church and its role in managing the sectional crisis, postbellum immigration societies and their vision of the plantation South remade in the image of British manors, and the role that state historical associations played in reunion and the entrenchment of the Lost Cause mythology as the predominant historical framework for interpreting the American Civil War.
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McCohnell, Joan D. "The experience of African American grandmothers in fostering relative adolescents." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 2000. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/mccohnell_2000.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 2000.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 238-254)
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Yakong, Vida Nyagre. "Ethnographic perspectives on rural women’s reproductive health decisions in Ghana : the cultural influences of gender relations, kinship and belief system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45756.
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Ghana, one of the challenging contexts settings in sub-Saharan Africa, is a strong democratic nation and one of the area’s emerging economies, yet the country still faces poor maternal health with maternal mortality ratios at 350/100,000 live births. This statistic means that the country’s efforts to achieve Millennium Development Goal-5—the reduction of maternal mortality by 75 per cent by 2015—remains a mere dream. In this dissertation, I explore rural Ghanaian women’s perspectives on the influence of social structures—especially, kinship and gender relations, individual maternal practices, the social meaning of motherhood and cultural beliefs—on their reproductive health decisions and maternal health service utilization. Secondly, I explore rural midwives’ perspectives on providing services to women in Talensi-Nabdam district of the Upper East Region. Using ethnographic methods— participant observation, face-to- face interviews, focus groups, “deep hanging out”—I gathered data in six villages and four health clinics. Participants included 27 women of childbearing age as well as older women who provide traditional maternal health services to rural women and four midwives. My findings suggest that a complexity of socio-cultural structures and concepts, sustained gender-based violence and, an increased disproportionate gendered division of labour, affect women’s reproductive health decisions at the household level. At the level of the health care system and government, poor health care provider attitudes, over medicalization of reproduction, application of unrealistic, unsustainable and culturally inappropriate local and foreign policies, poor infrastructural development and weak social protection policies all impact women’s reproductive health decisions and access to care with profound negative implications for maternal wellbeing. I highlight not only typical issues, often taken-for-granted by many scientists, but also how these issues have extreme negative impacts on women’s wellbeing. This diverse perspective offers a better understanding of maternal health services provision and utilization that will challenge the status quo and prompt improvements in maternal health in Ghana and other Sub-Saharan African nations. I offer recommendations, as well as future research, for health care providers, policymakers, medical and nursing education and government in an effort to promote a better understanding of rural women’s reproductive health and general wellbeing.
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Bexell, Gerd. "Keeping Mum: An Exploration of Contemporary Kinship Terminology in British, American and Swedish Cultures." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45051.
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The aim of this paper is to briefly clarify the categorization and usage of kinship terms in American and British English in comparison with the Swedish kinship terms, both considering the vocative use and the referential function. There will also be a comparison with previous studies. The Swedish language contains considerably more detailed definitions for kinship. By choosing mostly informants with experience of both language cultures, this paper will investigate and explore whether English speakers themselves experience this as a lack of kinship vocabulary, and in what circumstances supplementary explanation is needed to clarify the identities of referents and addressees. It will further be established how and when the use of such terms can give rise to misunderstandings or confusion. Kinship terms will also be considered in connection with the present social and cultural environment. Seemingly, the use of kin terms has changed over recent decades and there appears to be etymological, lexicological and semantic causes for such misunderstandings. This essay research was conducted using interviews in which informants relate their experiences of language changes as well as regional variations with respect to how family members and relatives are addressed or referred to. Kinship terms are insightful and important within the field of genealogy and have implications for diverse disciplines such as law, church history, genetics, anthropology and popular custom. Interestingly, kinship terms can be found to be used where there is no existing kinship at all. They also have a great impact on daily communication in terms of respect and relations, and as expressions of empathy, responsibility and solidarity. Key words: American English, anthropology, British English, communication, culture, etymology, genealogy, kinship terms, referential, relations, respect, social control, Swedish, vocatives
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Bodenhorn, Barbara A. "'The animals come to me, they know I share' : Inupiaq kinship, changing economic relations and enduring world views on Alaska's North Slope." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272726.
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Wickström, Anette. "Kärlek i virusets tid : att hantera relationer och hälsa i Zululand /." Linköping : Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Linköpings universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10670.
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Quiroz, Sitna. "Relating as children of God : ruptures and continuities in kinship among pentecostal Christians in the south-east of the Republic of Benin." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/821/.
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This thesis constitutes an ethnographic exploration of the ways in which conversion to Pentecostalism contributes to redefining some of the principles of kinship in a patrilineal society. It looks beyond notions of individualism often emphasised in studies on Pentecostalism, in order to focus on people’s relationships. In doing so, it explores how relational ruptures brought about by conversion are accommodated along cultural continuities. This study takes place in Pobe and Ikpinle, two semi-rural towns, in a pluri-ethnic and pluri-religious setting with a majority Yoruba population, close to the Beninese border with Nigeria. Studies of Pentecostalism in Africa have emphasised kinship and family relations as one of the areas where, upon conversion, the Pentecostal command to “break with the past” and with “tradition” is most strongly expressed. Ruptures in these areas have been explained as the result of the influence of Pentecostalism in shaping individualist modern subjectivities. However, the ethnographic material presented here reveals that, although discursively these ruptures are often articulated as radical, in practice they do not always appear as such. Converts still depend on and cultivate their social relationships with their kin. Through a process of breaking and re-making, Pentecostalism opens a space for redefining forms of relating, through a selective reappropriation of certain cultural norms and values. The thesis also looks at some of the dilemmas that Christian notions of kinship bring about in this context, and the specific ways in which Pentecostals - compared to members of other Christian denominations - deal with them. This thesis draws on anthropological studies and debates on funerals, time, descent, marriage, gender, ethics and moral dilemmas, in order to explore how the Pentecostal project of “breaking with the past” shapes different aspects of people’s kinship. It aims to contribute to the literature on the anthropology of Christianity by exploring the complexities of this form of religion, as it appears in one of its denominational variants in a pluri-religious setting.
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Fileno, Fernando Augusto. "No seio do rio: linhas que casam, que curam e que dançam Parentesco e corporalidade entre os Mura do Igapó-Açu." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8134/tde-09022017-144455/.
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Este trabalho reflete sobre a organização social mura, a partir do estudo de uma das aldeias que compõem o Terra Indígena Cunhã-Sapucaia, localizada no município de Borba (AM). O tema da construção e manutenção da comunidade desdobra-se para o quadro mais amplo das relações multilocais que congregam o universo das demais aldeias dentro do território, organizadas em torno do eixo do rio Igapó-Açu, através de linhas que traçam o espaço político. Linha é um conceito norteador dessa dissertação, uma definição para a relação, ela descortina-se como um modo de pensar de que maneira ela se manifesta em distintos contextos. A aldeia mura como espaço político e cosmopolítico fornece o panorama do qual acompanharemos o processo de fabricação do corpo e definição da noção de pessoa mura, chave para entender o parentesco e o socius.This work is a reflection about the mura social organization, from the study of one of the villages that make up the Indigenous Area Cunhã-Sapucaia, situated in the city of Borba (AM). The theme of the community construction and maintenance unfolds to the broader picture of multilocal relations that encompass the universe of other villages in the area, organized around the river Igapó-Açu axis, through lines that outline the political space. Line is a guiding concept of this dissertation, a definition of the relationship, it unfolds as a way of thinking as it expresses itself in different contexts. The mura village as a political and cosmopolitical area, provides the context in which we will accompany the body manufacturing process and the definition of mura personhood, key to the comprehension of the kinship and the socius.
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Doumergue, Marjolaine. "Dons, parentés et représentations sociales." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2131/document.
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Notre thèse s’attache à l’étude des systèmes représentationnels impliqués par la parenté par recours au don de spermatozoïdes. D’un point de vue théorique en psychologie sociale, l’objectif est de saisir la logique de ces systèmes (contenus et processus d’élaboration et de transformation) et leur efficacité au sein de la pratique sociale. La problématique porte sur les manières dont le sens commun traduit les enjeux anthropologiques relatifs à la parenté et au don dans le cas du don de spermatozoïdes. Nous nous inscrivons dans une approche sociogénétique des représentations sociales nous permettant de retracer les éléments et les jalons des processus d’appropriation symbolique en œuvre pour ceux qui ont pour tâche d’institutionnaliser ces pratiques et pour ceux qui en ont une expérience vécue. Nous avons développé un plan de recherche fonctionnant selon le principe de la triangulation des méthodes et organisant une étude multi-niveaux des phénomènes représentationnels. Grâce au partenariat scientifique avec la Fédération française des CECOS, nous avons rencontré des parents par recours au don de spermatozoïdes dans le cadre d’enquêtes quantitative et qualitative (entretiens individuels et focus groups). L’analyse des débats parlementaires de la révision de 2011 de la loi relative à la bioéthique complète ce design méthodologique. Les résultats ont permis de mettre au jour les systèmes représentationnels actualisés dans la sphère publique pour penser la parenté par recours au don, via la mise en évidence des tensions entre catégories de pensée fondamentales (thêmata) qui organisent le champ représentationnel des acteurs parlementaires. Le croisement des analyses dégage des similarités entre les logiques parentales et parlementaires (pro-anonymat) quant à cet anonymat du donneur, sans qu’il n’y ait de détermination, par ce régime anonyme, des pratiques parentales (majoritaires) de récits de sa conception à l’enfant. Les analyses des processus d’inscriptions psychosociales et culturelles du vécu de la parenté par recours au don témoignent toutefois d’un projet représentationnel partagé qui s’ancre dans des modes de parenté normalisés. Il s’actualise de manières paradoxales par un ensemble signifiant de pratiques (récits à l’enfant du recours au don ; dons d’ovocytes) qui se constituent en actions représentationnelles. La discussion souligne l’intérêt qu’il y a à considérer une pluralité de sociogenèses. Elles produisent des états représentationnels composites et la complexité de phénomènes en tensions, dont des actions représentationnelles transgressant et prolongeant l’ordre établi des attendus culturels et des rapports sociauxThis thesis focuses on the representational systems involved in family building through sperm donation. Drawing on psychosocial theories, it investigates the logic behind these systems and their efficacy in social practices. Specifically, we explore how anthropological issues to do with kinship/relatedness and giving-receiving relationships are transformed into common sense knowledge in the case of sperm donation. This issue is considered using a sociogenetic approach, through the lens of social representations theory. Adopting this theoretical perspective allowed us to trace the elements and milestones of the processes of symbolic coping at play among those whose task is to institutionalise these practices, and among those who experience them.We developed a research programme organised according to principles of method triangulation, hence conducting multi-level studies of representational phenomena. Owing to our scientific partnership with the French federation of CECOS (certified clinics), we conducted quantitative and qualitative research (interviews and focus groups) with parents who conceived their children using sperm donation. A further aspect of our research was based upon an analysis of parliamentary debates regarding the 2011 revision to bioethics legislation in France.Our findings indicated the significance of representational systems for meaning making about parenthood through sperm donation. Specifically, the representational fields of parliamentary players were shown to be organised by tensions between fundamental categories of thought (themata). We found similarities between parental and parliamentary logics that both favoured anonymity, but no relationship between parents’ disclosure decisions and donor anonymity. We did however observe that parents make sense of sperm donation through a shared - yet negotiated - representational project anchored in a rather traditional family model. This project was found to be enacted paradoxically by a set of significant practices (disclosure strategies; egg donation) that constitute representational actions.Our discussion underlines the intense dynamic that underpins the investigated representational systems, studied in different areas of production and transformation. It leads to complex and tense representational phenomena, including actions that transgress and prolong the established cultural and social order
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Wickström, Anette. "Kärlek i virusets tid : att hantera relationer och hälsa i Zululand." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Hälsa och samhälle, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10670.
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Huvudsyftet med avhandlingen är att förstå hur människor tänker om och hanterar kärlek, sexualitet och hälsa i sina vardagliga liv på landsbygden i nordöstra KwaZulu Natal i Sydafrika. Målet är att förstå vad kärlek innebär för dem, men också hur större samhälleliga processer påverkar erfarenheter av kärlek, hälsa och relationer. Studien baserar sig på sex månaders etnografiska fältstudier bland framförallt åtta familjer. Data samlades in genom deltagande observationer och öppna intervjuer. Vid sidan om familjerna intervjuades tio örtdoktorer. Materialet består av 60 bandade intervjuer och cirka 340 sidor fältanteckningar. Analysen visar att man talar mer om kärlek i termer av respektfulla handlingar och en social ordning än om kärlek som en känsla. Kärleken är visserligen känslofull, men talet om respektfulla handlingar som kännetecknet på kärlek visar att invånarna ser sig som djupt beroende av varandra. Individen definieras av en väv av relationer där även förfäderna, både levande och döda, ingår. Kärlek mellan två individer hänger därför intimt samman med släkten och relationer i närsamhället, vilket skapar tillhörighet men också utsatthet. Kärleksmediciner tillverkade av örter utgör en möjlig väg att stärka ett förhållande eller att vinna någons kärlek. Berättelser om kärleksmediciner visar emellertid vad människor drabbas av och vad som anses vara ett omoraliskt agerande, vilket ger förklaring och lindring i svåra situationer men också lyfter fram att strukturella omständigheter under vilka människor lever behöver förändras. Kolonisation, apartheid och under senare år demokratisering har inneburit radikala förändringar för kärleks- och familjerelationer. Män, och fler och fler kvinnor, försörjer sig som migrantarbetare, vilket har lett till en uppsplittring av familjen mellan stad och landsbygd och skapat nya slags försörjningsnätverk. Förändringarna har lett till svårigheter med att visa kärlek i handling och till efterfrågan på nya sorters handlingar som bevis på kärlek. Arbetslöshet och sjukdomar utgör dock det allvarligaste hotet mot kärleken. I brist på effektiva åtgärder mot aids åberopar människor en tydligare moralisk ordning och försöker finna alternativa vägar att skydda sig. För att lyfta fram både det individuella och det gemensamma ansvaret för sexuella relationer och för att stärka flickors position har invånarna skapat en ritual för att kontrollera flickors oskuld, som en preventiv snarare än en diagnostisk åtgärd. En välkänd historisk ritual som lyfter fram oskuldens och kollektivets betydelse används i en modern strategi för att försöka hejda spridningen av aids och göra kärleken möjlig. Studien lyfter fram hur både inomstatliga och västerländska projekt som syftar till att förbättra zulufolkets situation grundar sig i perspektiv och föreställningar som är främmande för dem, och ibland krockar med deras sätt att uppfatta kärlek, relationer och sexualitet. Invånarna ser ömsom nya möjligheter, ömsom försöker de bevara sin tidigare moraliska ordning, men framförallt transformerar de sin specifika förståelse av hur samlevnad fungerar till dagens behov och villkor.The main purpose of this study is to investigate how people think about and manage love, sexuality and health in their daily lives in northeastern rural KwaZulu Natal. The goal is to understand what love means to them, as well as how bigger social processes influence experiences of love, health and relationships. The thesis is based on six months of ethnographic field studies concentrated around eight families. Data were gathered through participant observations and open-ended interviews. Ten traditional healers were also interviewed. Data comprises 60 tape-recorded interviews and about 340 pages of fieldnotes. The analysis shows that people speak about love in terms of respectful actions and a social order rather than in terms of love as an emotion. Certainly love is about feelings, but the view that respectful actions are the primary signs of love reflects the way in which people see themselves as deeply dependent on one another. The individual is woven into a web of relationships where even the ancestors are an integral part. Thus love between two individuals is intimately connected to the family and to wider social relations in a way that creates a sense of belonging but also vulnerability. Love medicines made from herbs offer one way to strengthen a relationship or win somebody’s love. However, stories about love medicines reveal what trials people face, what they see as amoral actions, and in addition provide explanations and comfort as well as point out that structural circumstances under which people live need to be changed. Colonisation, apartheid policies, and more recently democratization have all led to radical changes for love and family relations. Men and increasingly women have been drawn into migrant labor, dividing families between rural and urban areas and creating new types of support networks. These changes have obstructed individuals’ ability to show love through actions and also led to individuals expecting new types of actions as proof of love. The most serious threats to love, however, are unemployment and sickness. In the absence of effective measures against aids people refer to a more distinct moral order to find alternative ways to protect young people. To emphasize both the individual’s and the community’s responsibility for sexual relations, and to strengthen girls’ position, Zulu have created virginity testing as a preventive ritual more than a diagnostic measure. An old tradition that emphasizes the status of virgin girls and the significance of the collective is used in a modern strategy to try to combat the spread of aids and to make love possible. The study emphasizes how both South African and Western projects that aim to improve the situation for the Zulus are grounded in perspectives and ideas that are unfamiliar to them, and sometimes collide with how they perceive love, relationships and sexuality. The interviewees sometimes see new possibilities, sometimes try to preserve their old moral order, but most of all work to transform their specific understandings of love and life to meet today’s needs and conditions.
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Cleuziou, Juliette. "Mariages, démariages et remariages : rituel, genre et parenté au Tadjikistan contemporain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100149.
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Cette thèse explore les rôles rituels et sociaux des femmes au Tadjikistan et s’appuie sur seize mois d’enquête de terrain en zones urbaines et rurales. Deux fils conducteurs structurent l’analyse. Le premier porte sur la construction des féminités dans la société tadjike, tout particulièrement au regard du statut (acquis, perdu, reconquis) de femme mariée, extrêmement déterminant dans l’organisation des relations sociales. Le second interroge les rôles des femmes dans la reproduction familiale et sociale, tout particulièrement dans l’économie rituelle et matrimoniale. L’ensemble s’attache à montrer, au prisme des parcours matrimoniaux aujourd’hui extrêmement hachés des femmes, les négociations et adaptations de la société tadjike contemporaine aux bouleversements qu’elle a connus ces vingt dernières années : disparition de l’URSS, entrée dans l’économie de marché, la Guerre civile (1992-1997) et les migrations massives des hommes vers la Russie. Les enjeux ambivalents révélés par les mariages – étudiés comme performance, comme statut et comme relation – sont étudiés à deux niveaux : au niveau des femmes, pour qui le mariage constitue une ressource fondamentale autant qu’un carcan patriarcal ; et à celui des familles, pour qui le mariage est à la fois une obligation sociale et le lieu d’une contestation possible des hiérarchies en place. Située au croisement des études de genre, de parenté, d’économie rituelle et des recherches sur l’aire post-soviétique, cette thèse propose de saisir comment les transformations socioéconomiques récentes ont affecté les représentations et les relations de genre d’une part, et celles au sein de la famille, d’autre partThis dissertation explores social and ritual roles of women in Tajikistan, based on a sixteen-month fieldwork conducted in both urban and rural areas. Two main threads structure the analysis. The first one addresses the construction of femininities in Tajik society, especially regarding their status (acquired, lost and conquered again) of “married woman” – which is extremely decisive for them to organize their social life. The second questions women’s roles in family and social reproduction, especially regarding ritual and matrimonial economy. Overall, this dissertation aims at showing that analyzing uneven and irregular women’s matrimonial itineraries reveals how negotiations and adaptations of Tajik society to ongoing transformations have been proceeding – following the upheavals this society has been going through: the breakdown of the USSR, the integration to market economy, the Civil war (1992-1997) and the wide migratory fluxes of men going to Russia. The ambiguous stakes contained in marriage – understood as a performance, a status and a relation – are analyzed at two levels: at the level of women, for whom marriage remains a crucial resource as much as a patriarchal constrain; and at the level of families, for whom marriage is both a social necessity and the opportunity to challenge former hierarchies. Located at the crossroad of gender studies, kinship, ritual economy and post-Soviet studies, this dissertation aims at understanding how recent socioeconomic transformations affect gender representations and relations, on the one hand, and those of family, on the other
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Lohr, Mary Christine. "Finding a Lutheran theology of religions : ecclesial traditions and interfaith dialogue." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/86921.
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The question of who is participating in today’s debate around theologies of other religions is important. Religious difference and the many ways of dealing with it are issues in political, social and theological initiatives. The reality of religious plurality in daily life leaves some Christians wondering about the best way to relate to non-Christian neighbors. In light of this, a series of questions emerges about who is shaping conversations with people of other faiths and what priorities they reflect. A Lutheran voice is lacking in this debate. Despite this, there has been a wide response from other Christian traditions. In some cases denominations have raised questions of religious pluralism as a theological issue, while elsewhere individual theologians have contributed to the debate. The project that follows will examine such contributions from three ecclesial traditions (Roman Catholic, Evangelical and Protestant) and individual theologians in order to chart some common concerns in the theology of religions debate. In an effort to highlight a tradition-constituted approach to the other, connections will also be made between individuals’ positions and their ecclesial traditions. This thesis will also propose a distinctively Lutheran theology of religions first by using the works of Martin Luther to introduce the Lutheran history of engagement with non-Christians. Then, Lutheran statements and resources, partnerships and institutions will be examined to discover the ways in which the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America engages non-Christians. Finally, this project will propose crucial elements for a specifically Lutheran theology of religions. These elements will be put in conversation with individual Lutheran theologians who have made contributions to the debate. Ultimately a theology of kinship will emerge. Using distinctively Lutheran themes, this theology recognizes a connection between all people and calls Lutherans to live in kinship with the religious other.
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Couriol, Etienne. "La parenté spirituelle à Lyon sous l'Ancien Régime : prénomination, vie sociale et vie religieuse." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30021/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif de comprendre l’usage de la parenté spirituelle à Lyon aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. Deux éléments sont à prendre en compte dans le contexte : la croissance de la population et l’affirmation de la Réforme catholique. L’étude a pour cadre Saint-Nizier, paroisse du centre de la ville avec une forte diversité sociale. Des analyses sociales précises permettent d’examiner la complexité des relations sociales et la souplesse du parrainage, les stratégies et comportements décelables.Les registres paroissiaux constituent la source principale. Cette thèse souhaite également attirer l’attention sur la richesse que l’étude des relations de parenté spirituelle apporte à l’histoire sociale urbaine. Cette source classique nous permet d’aborder l’histoire religieuse d’un point de vue socialThis research aims to understand the use of spiritual kinship in Lyons during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries with a double context: urban population was in expansion while the Catholic Reformation was pre-eminent. The setting of this study is the parish of Saint-Nizier, which was located right in the town centre and presented real social variety. We want to investigate the complexity of social relationships and the flexibility of godparenthood, the strategies and behaviours which can be detected, thanks to precise social analyses.The main source is the parish registers. This research also aspires to call attention to the richness that spiritual relationships provide in urban social history. This classic source allows us to tackle religious history from a social point of view
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Lee, Sangmi. "Between the diaspora and the nation-state : transnational continuity and fragmentation among Hmong in Laos and the United States." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:644c93e2-ae52-494d-93ca-ebda995bd0a0.
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Based on fourteen-months of multi-sited, ethnographic fieldwork that compares two Hmong communities in Vang Vieng, Laos, and Sacramento, California in the United States, my doctoral thesis examines how the Hmong diaspora is constituted in the absence of a territorial ethnic homeland. Although scholars claim that the Hmong originated in the southwestern part of China, many Hmong are uncertain about their origins and have lost their connections to the ancestral homeland. This thesis suggests we examine diasporas as a dialectical process involving both transnational continuity and national differentiation. Despite their further migratory dispersal after the Vietnam War, Hmong in Laos and the United States have actively created a transnational diasporic community by maintaining their cultural practices across national borders, particularly in the domains of kinship practices and spiritual rituals. At the same time, diasporic Hmong have also created partial 'homes' in the nation-states where they reside. Therefore, their ethnic traditions and perceptions are transformed according to different national contexts, such as local socioeconomic conditions, state policies, and access to economic capital. This results in cultural differences within the diaspora. In addition, Hmong in different countries disagree about their relative position in the diaspora in relation to each other, leading to discursive fragmentation. As a result, diasporas are refracted through different national affiliations. Nonetheless, the sense of national belonging among diasporic Hmong remains partial because they continue to experience social, economic, and ethnic marginalization as an ethnic minority group in both Laos and the United States, which causes them to maintain a diasporic affiliation to Hmong scattered in other countries as an alternative source of ethnic belonging. In this sense, the Hmong are constantly positioned 'in-between' the diaspora and the nation-state.
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Umegaki, Hiroko. "Men and masculinities in the changing Japanese family." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270199.
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The shifting topography of contemporary Japanese society is engendering a significant reorientation of men’s family relations. However, exactly how Japanese men are adapting to these broad-based trends, including parent-child relations, demographics, marriage norms, care provision, residential choices, and gender roles, as well as in the decline of Confucian worldviews, remains relatively obscure. In this dissertation, I explore men’s everyday practices underpinning their family relations as husbands, fathers, sons-in-law, and grandfathers. I conducted ethnographic fieldwork in the summers of 2013 and 2014 in Hyogo, through narrative interviews and participant-observation. I find husbands’ view of their wives transitioning from having a culturally prescribed duty to perform domestic matters to simply having responsibility for domestic matters. This opens up space for negotiation within married couples, with my informants providing what I refer to as additional help, which offers new insight into charting the evolution of hegemonic masculinity. I evidence relatedness founded on exchange as an approach to understand relations across the extended family, which importantly involves additional help, financial resources, and intimacy. I underscore how men selectively seek intimacy in some family relations, notably as fathers and grandfathers. Provision of additional help and seeking of intimacy lead to men’s (re)construction of masculinities differing across family relations, with an important reason for men to select their practices so as to craft their family relations is to address their sense of well-being. Further, the pattern of men’s family relations reveals the emergence of substantially novel sons-in-law relations, as compared to that found in ie patriarchal norms. This evidence suggests a fundamental shift from a vertically-dominated set of family relations, as in the ie household, to a more horizontal, fluid set of relations across the extended family.
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Dupré, Florence. "La fabrique des parentés : enjeux électifs, pratiques relationnelles et productions symboliques chez les Inuit des îles Belcher (Nunavut, Arctique canadien)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20020.
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Cette thèse est une contribution à l’étude des relations de parenté inuit. Elle présente une ethnographie et une analyse des pratiques relationnelles contemporaines dans le village arctique de Sanikiluaq (Nunavut). Elle vise plus particulièrement à comprendre le processus de production, de pratique et d’interruption du lien de parenté dans une communauté travaillée par le contexte sociohistorique des sociétés inuit canadiennes du début du 21e siècle ; elle met ainsi en regard le contexte historique de l’archipel des îles Belcher, les enjeux électifs travaillant les pratiques relationnelles contemporaines et les identités relationnelles de leurs acteurs pour accéder à une compréhension du sens de la parenté inuit refusant de postuler la flexibilité de l’organisation sociale comme une réponse culturelle satisfaisante à la question de la nature de la parenté.Sur le fond du contexte historique ayant déterminé la formation récente du village de Sanikiluaq, la première partie (chapitres 2 et 3) retrace les évolutions des pratiques relationnelles au cours du 20e siècle et s’attache à identifier les principaux enjeux déterminant aujourd’hui l’élection parentale. La deuxième partie (chapitres 4 et 5) est consacrée à une ethnographie et à une analyse de la fabrique des parentés dans neuf fratries qikirtamiut (i.e. des îles Belcher) contemporaines ; elle travaille le rapport entre les enjeux électifs contemporains, la production du lien de parenté et le vécu effectif de la relation autour des trois registres d’appartenance parentale structurant les pratiques et les théories culturelles concernées : la généalogie, l’identité et le quotidien. La troisième et dernière partie (chapitres 6 et 7) poursuit l’analyse dans des lieux et des milieux mobilisant l’image de la personne et de la relation pour produire, dire et pratiquer le lien. Elle aborde les pratiques relationnelles sur les sites Internet de réseaux sociaux, l’utilisation des photographies de famille, ainsi que plusieurs catégories de marquage qui, du tatouage au dessin, participent de pratiques d’identification impliquant l’identité ontologique à la base de la relation de parenté. La thèse propose ainsi une approche de la parenté inuit articulant processus électifs, pratiques relationnelles et productions symboliques dans le contexte arctique du début du 21e siècleThis doctoral dissertation is a contribution to the study of Inuit kinship. It presents an ethnography and analysis of contemporary kinship practices in the Arctic village of Sanikiluaq (Nunavut). The specific aim is to understand how kinship ties are produced, practised, and severed in a community that historically and socially has much in common with other Canadian Inuit societies of the early 21st century. The text thus covers the history of the Belcher Islands, the strategies currently used to establish kinship ties, and the kin identities of the people involved. The aim, here, is to understand the meaning of Inuit kinship without having to fall back on the flexibility of social organization to provide a satisfactory answer.After describing the historical backdrop to the recent formation of the village of Sanikiluaq, the first part (chapters 2 and 3) retraces the development of kinship practices during the 20th century and identifies the main strategies behind present-day kinship choices, e.g., choosing a mate, a godmother, a godfather, or a namesake for a newborn child. The second part (chapters 4 and 5) provides an ethnography and analysis of kinship choices in nine groups of siblings who are contemporary Qikirtamiut (i.e., Inuit of the Belcher Islands). It addresses how kinship strategies, production of kinship ties, and the actual kinship experience interrelate in terms of three factors that structure the practices and cultural theories under discussion: genealogy, identity, and daily life. The third and last part (chapters 6 and 7) pursues this analysis in places and settings where images of oneself and one’s kin group are used as means to produce, convey, and practise kinship. Topics include kinship practices on social networking websites, use of family photos, and several categories of tagging, which range from tattooing to drawing, that help people to identify themselves to others via the ontological identity that underlies their kinship ties. In sum, this dissertation describes Inuit kinship by showing how strategy processes, day-to-day practices, and forms of symbolic production relate to each other in the Arctic of the early 21st century
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Herbrand, Cathy. "Les normes familiales à l'épreuve du droit et des pratiques: analyse de la parenté sociale et de la pluriparentalité homosexuelles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210543.
Full textAbstract:
La thèse porte sur l'évolution des normes parentales dans des situations où celles-ci sont discutées, mises en jeu et légitimées, en particulier concernant la pluriparentalité. D'une part, je me suis penchée sur le projet légal de "parenté sociale" qui vise à reconnaître la place et les droits d'un adulte qui s'occupe de l'enfant de son conjoint avec qui il n'a pas de lien biologique. D'autre part, j'ai analysé des situations familiales dites de "coparentalité" où gay(s) et lesbienne(s) s'associent pour avoir un enfant ensemble en l'élevant séparément. The PhD thesis deals with the evolution of parental norms in changing situations in which these norms can be discussed and modified, specifically en terms of multiparenthood. On the one hand, I have studied a new form of legal status - “social parenthood” - debated in the Belgian Parliament to recognize non-biological parenthood. On the other hand, I have analyzed gay and lesbian “coparenting”, which can be defined as a parental project involving a lesbian woman/couple and a gay man/couple brought together to have a child and raise he or she separately. In each case, I examined the ways in which individuals live and deal with familial situations that involve same-sex couples and/or more than two parents raising a child.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Cavalli, Edoardo. ""Salpati dall’Ortigia titanide” : L’espansionismo etolico di III sec. a.C. : Mito politico e leggenda poetica al servizio del koinon." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040033/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’étude du corpus épigraphique étolien et l’analyse des fragments du poète hellénistique Nicandre permettent de définir l’importance du mythe pour l’Étolie hellénistique: moyens privilégié pour relancer / créer des liens politiques ainsi que passepartout idéologique pour retravailler l’image publique de la Fédération comme rempart de la civilisation grecque contre la barbarie. En guise d’introduction, la première partie de la thèse retrace les fondements politico-diplomatiques de l’expansion étolienne au IIIe siècle av. J.-C. (extension de la politeia fédéral, adhésion à les dynamiques de la soi-disant kinship diplomacy ou diplomatie de la parenté) et enquête sur les liens (politiques économiques militaires cultuels) du koinon avec Attale I, sous le signe de Delphes ainsi que de la victoire sur le Celtes. La deuxième partie identifie à les épopoioi itinérants le moyen intellectuel de la création / diffusion d'un modèle positif de l'ethnos, en particulier dans les fragmentaires Aitolika nicandréens, où l’Étolie colonise l'ensemble du monde connu en vertu de sa descente titanide: l’autel de Zeus à Pergame affiche les reliques d’un thème titanide (premièrement) exploité par les Étoliens et véhiculée par les épéa de NicandreThe study of the Aetolian epigraphical corpus and the analysis of the fragments by Hellenistic poet Nicander allow to define the importance of myth for Hellenistic Aetolia: privileged means to revive/create political ties as well as ideological passepartout to rework the Federations’s public image as rampart of Greek civilization against barbarism. By way of introduction, the first part of the thesis traces the political-diplomatic foundations of 3rd-century BCE Aetolian expansion (extension of federal politeia, adherence to the dynamics of so called kinship diplomacy) and investigates the ties (political economic military cultic) the koinon had with Attalus I, keywords «Delphi» and «victory over the Celts». The second part identifies in the performances of travelling epopoioi the intellectual means of creation/dissemination of a positive model of the ethnos, particularly in the fragmentary Nicandrean Aitolika, where Aetolia colonizes the known world by virtue of her Titanic descent: Zeus’ Altar in Pergamum displays the relics of a Titanic theme (first) exploited by the Aetolians and conveyed by Nicander’s epea
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McLaughlin, Marc D. "Developmental Assets in Urban Youths’ Mentoring Networks: Relationships with Important Adults." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1218840610.
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Akakpo, Winfred Yao. "La position de l'épouse réfugiée comme analyseur de la transformation du système matrimonial chez les Kissi de Guinée-Conakry. Analyse socio-anthropologique." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0030.
Full textAbstract:
Le déplacement des populations est souvent la conséquence des guerres chez les Kissi. Ce fait contribue et contribuera sans cesse davantage au changement de la structure sociale des peuples Kissi. Cette même réalité communément vécue avec leurs voisins frontaliers renvoie à la question de leur identité et reconnaissance sociale. Les kissi de la Guinée, de la Sierra Leone et du Liberia sont connus pour l’observance et le maintien des rites dont le mariage coutumier qui constitue l’instance régulatrice de la communauté. Les guerres en Sierra Leone et au Libéria dans les années 1990 ont forcé une grande partie de la population à se déplacer, dont les Kissi en particulier, qui ont afflué vers le territoire Kissi en Guinée. Cet afflux de Kissi sierra leonais et Libériens, composé principalement de femmes : veuves de guerres, modifie la situation socio-culturelle des Kissi en Guinée. Dans ces conditions, le groupe Kissi de Guinée développe des réflexes de conservation et de monopolisation de la légitimité. Entre ces peuples issus d’une même souche s’établit l’institution de frontières visibles et invisibles. Car, la motivation des sierra leonais et des liberiens à se déplacer vers le territoire guinéen était de se retrouver « en famille » pour avoir une chance de se reconstruire. Les dynamiques provoquées par cet afflux ne manquent pas de restructurer la communauté Kissi en profondeur, à commencer par l’institution principale : le mariage coutumier.Cette thèse, s’intéressant à une partie bien spécifique des populations déplacées, a priori, montre comment un groupe, minoritaire, peut influer, modifier et même bouleverser, la façon de vivre, de se percevoir, de se définir d’un groupe apparemment dominant. Dans une optique socio-anthropologique, l’accent est mis sur la femme réfugiée et sur sa vulnérabilité au prisme de l’organisation sociale et du mariage. Le déplacement de la population et les transformations des structures sociales déterminent de nouveaux modes de vie qui provoquent la déstructuration des formes de mises en union, mais surtout leur restructuration pour concourir au maintien de la communauté, élargie de fait, et la reconfiguration de ses fondements. Les femmes réfugiées sont au cœur de cette recherche mais l’attention est portée sur les hommes et les femmes en général pour mettre en exergue les différences et les similitudes entre leurs organisations matrimoniales. Ainsi, parvenir à comprendre au mieux comment la culture de confrontation, acquise par la traversée d’expériences traumatiques, liées à la guerre, par les kissi d’ailleurs, vient affronter, imprégner et transformer la culture de rencontre des Kissi d’ici, permettant une adaptation qui répond à la situation de vulnérabilité et aux nouveaux besoins de subsistances de l’épouse réfugiée en GuinéeThe displacement of populations among the Kissi is often a consequence of war in the 90’s. This fact will constantly contributes more and more to changes in the social structure of Kissi people. The Kissi of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia are known for their observance of rites, the most important of which is customary marriage, principal regulatory apparatus of the community. It crowns and validates the sequence of rituals right from childhood. The Sierra Leonean and Liberian civil wars in the ‘90s displaced a huge part of the population, including the Kissi in particular, whom the two countries in war had forced into the Kissi territory in neighboring Guinea. The inflow of Kissi from Sierra Leone and Liberia, made up of women considered as “widows of wars”, changes the social and cultural situations of the Kissi in Guinea. The receiving population, designated as Kissi-from-here, developed reflexes to conserve and monopolize legitimacy regarding the arriving population baptized as Kissi-from-elsewhere. Between these peoples are established visible and invisible borders due to the dynamics set in motion by the sudden inflow. This could not but restructures the Kissi community. For, the motivating factor of the inflow of sierra leoneans and liberians to Guinean territory was the possibility of reconnecting with the extended family across the borders in the hope of their social rebuilding. The dynamics caused by these inflows restructure the Kissi community starting with the main institution: customary marriage. This thesis focuses on specific part of the displaced Kissi populations, a priori, with an attempts to show how a minority group can influence, modify and even overturn the way of life, the self-vision and the self-definition of an apparently dominant group. From socio-anthropological perspective, in this study, the accent is placed on the refugee woman with emphasis on her position through the prism of social organization and customary marriage. It shows how among the Kissi in Guinea, the transformation of social structures determine new forms of marital union. More also, how it facilitate the community’s upkeep and the reconfiguration of its foundations.Women occupy the heart of this research, but in general, the focus is on men and women; bringing into light the differences and the similarities between their marital organizations. Practically, by this research, the culture of confrontation acquired by the Kissi-from-elsewhere through the traumatic experience of war, challenges and transforms the culture of encounter and allows the displaced wife in Guinea to be adapted to her situation of vulnerability
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"The impact of 1997 on Hong Kong middle class family: kin network and conjugal relation in particular." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887851.
Full textAbstract:
by So Fong Ying, Fiona.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 126-131).
Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1.1 --- RATIONAL OF STUDY --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- THE RESEARCH PROBLEM --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Aims & Objectives --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Logic of Research Formulation --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Subject of Study --- p.7
Chapter 1.3 --- METHODOLOGY --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.1 --- General design of data collection --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Phase I: Topic formulation and pilot studies --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.3 --- Phase II: Field work --- p.9
Chapter 1.3.4 --- Phase III: Analysis and write up --- p.12
Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- RESPONDENTS' PERCEPTION OF1997
Chapter 2.1 --- FORWORD --- p.12
Chapter 2.2 --- VARIATIONS AMONG RESPONDENTS'PERCEPTION --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.1 --- """Worried but hopeful""" --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.2 --- """Worried but impotent""" --- p.17
Chapter 2.2.3 --- """Frightened and desperate""" --- p.22
Chapter 2.3 --- FLUCTUATIONS IN THE GENERAL PERCEPTIONS --- p.26
Chapter 2.4 --- NON CONVENTIONAL CASES --- p.27
Chapter 2.5 --- RECAPITULATION --- p.29
Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- COPING STRATEGIES OF RESPONDENTS
Chapter 3.1 --- FORWARD --- p.31
Chapter 3.2 --- "GENERAL COPING STYLES, EFFORTS AND RESOURCES OF RESPONDENTS" --- p.32
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Residency --- p.32
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Financial and other Arrangement --- p.38
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Plans for Offspring --- p.40
Chapter 3.3 --- 1997 AS A DEADLINE? --- p.45
Chapter 3.4 --- RECAPITULATION --- p.48
Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- KIN NETWORKING IN EFFECT: MOBILIZING KIN? AFFECTING RELATION?
Chapter 4.1 --- FORWARD --- p.49
Chapter 4.2 --- MOBILIZING KIN TO TACKLE FOR 1997? --- p.50
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Kin as influential and helpful in decision making and strategies --- p.50
Chapter 4.3 --- MOBILIZING SOCIAL AND MARKET NETWORK AS SUPPLEMENT --- p.55
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Any change in afectional kin ties then? --- p.58
Chapter 4.3.2 --- How about social network? Any changes? --- p.59
Chapter 4.4 --- OTHER NON-CONVENTIONAL CHANNELS FOR COPING? --- p.62
Chapter 4.4.1 --- Increase in social and political participation --- p.62
Chapter 4.4.2 --- Religious affiliation as rising channel for ventilation? --- p.66
Chapter 4.5 --- RECAPITULATION --- p.68
Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- CONJUGAL RELATION IN EFFECT: MARITAL STRAIN CREATED? INTERNAL HARMONY & STABILITY DISRUPTED?
Chapter 5.1 --- FORWARD --- p.70
Chapter 5.2 --- MARITAL STRAIN INITIATED BY1997: A CONTINUOUS THREE STAGE EFFECT --- p.72
Chapter 5.3 --- THE FIRST STAGE EFFECT: THE IMPETUS PERIOD --- p.73
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Problem Identification --- p.73
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Decision Making and Difference/Conflict resolution --- p.78
Chapter 5.3.3 --- Types of decision reached --- p.85
Chapter 5.4 --- THE SECOND STAGE EFFECT: THE TRANISENT/COOL DOWN PERIOD --- p.91
Chapter 5.5 --- TYPES OF HIDDEN STRAIN AND WORRIED --- p.93
Chapter 5.6 --- THE THIRD STAGE EFFECT: THE QUEST FOR FINAL DECISION --- p.96
Chapter 5.7 --- RECAPITULATION --- p.97
Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- DISCUSSION: IMPLICATION FOR HONG KONG MIDDLE CLASS FAMILISM
Chapter 6.1 --- FORWARD --- p.98
Chapter 6.2 --- HYPOTHETICAL TREND OF HONG KONG MIDDLE CLASS FAMILISM --- p.99
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Internal family structure --- p.99
Chapter 6.2.2 --- External family structure --- p.102
Chapter 6.3 --- FAMILY CRISIS OR DISORGANIZATION? --- p.103
Chapter 6.4 --- ADAPABILITY OF FAMILY TO SITUATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES --- p.105
Chapter 6.4.1 --- A breakdown of kin ties? --- p.105
Chapter 6.4.2 --- A disrupted and dissonance household? --- p.108
Chapter 6.5 --- RECAPITULATION --- p.112
Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUDING REMARKS
APPENDIX I FAMILY PARTICULARS OF INTERVIEWEES --- p.118
APPENDIX II INTERVIEW OUTLINE --- p.120
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.126
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Types of family planning (action and mentality) --- p.35
Table 2: Resource Availability of respondents --- p.38
Table 3: The Moblization of resources --- p.51
Table 4.1 Conjugal consistency in perception and planning --- p.74
Table 4.2 Style of decision making & conflict management --- p.80
Table 4.3 Types of decision outcome --- p.86
Table 5 Marital Strain Resulted --- p.88
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Cascio, Julie. "Les limites du favoritisme entre parents chez les macaques japonais : une étude de la relation tante-nièce." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7345.
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Flowers, Rachel Joyce. "Xwnuts’aluwum: T’aat’ka’ Kin Relations and the Apocryphal Slave." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5754.
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This thesis explores representations of Indigenous peoples of the Northwest Coast within the discipline of Anthropology, with particular attention given to Hul’qumi’num’ speaking nations on Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands of British Columbia. Through a critical engagement with ethnography, linguistic, archival and oral history sources, I offer a critique of the harmful concepts of war and slave as mistranslations from Hul’qumi’num’ into English. The consequences of this mistranslation and lack of understanding permeate our social, cultural and political lives and relationships with settler society. By looking at the original Hul’qumi’num’ words, our laws, and our stories about inter-village relations, I will provide a healthy alternative understanding to the apocryphal representations of Coast Salish nations in Anthropology. I will conclude this discussion with revival of traditional Hul’qumi’num’ laws and practices of relationality and coexistence in marriage and exchanges.Graduate
0326
0740
0290
flowersrachel@gmail.com
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Kemp, Charles, Thomas L. Griffiths, and Joshua B. Tenenbaum. "Discovering Latent Classes in Relational Data." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30489.
Full textAbstract:
We present a framework for learning abstract relational knowledge with the aimof explaining how people acquire intuitive theories of physical, biological, orsocial systems. Our approach is based on a generative relational model withlatent classes, and simultaneously determines the kinds of entities that existin a domain, the number of these latent classes, and the relations betweenclasses that are possible or likely. This model goes beyond previouspsychological models of category learning, which consider attributesassociated with individual categories but not relationships between categories.We apply this domain-general framework to two specific problems: learning thestructure of kinship systems and learning causal theories.
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Sausi, Kombi. "Nigerian migration in central Durban : social adjustment, voluntary association and kinship relations." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4997.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines social adjustment and renegotiation of identity through networking, arrival and settlement of Nigerian migrants in Durban. The focus of the study therefore was based on the interrogation of personal relationships and the varying experiences that the migrants had as newcomers to Durban. It examined the barriers and challenges that individual Nigerian migrants encountered, as well as the ways in which they sought to transcend them. Since the study is anthropological it seeks to describe the migration experience from individuals‘ perspectives. I used both overt and covert participant observation, as well as semi structured interviews as part of my qualitative research approach. The goal was exploratory with a view to understanding the human side to a group that is often tarnished by accusations of illicit activities. While the number of Nigerian migrants in South Africa has increased since 1994, the media has been selective in its reporting of this migrant population group in Durban, shaping and determining popular perception about them. Issues such as reasons for coming to South Africa, their challenges and coping strategies, and their personal living experiences in Durban were central to this project. The information will show that respondents to my research had different reasons for migrating and settling in Durban. As much as the individual case studies differed in many ways they converge towards at least one common goal – that is to uplift themselves and their communities back home in Nigeria.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.
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""I Am Not Your Father": Incestuous Crime as a Window into Late Colonial Guatemalan Social Relations." Tulane University, 2018.
Find full textAbstract:
acase@tulane.eduThis research explores late colonial Guatemalan social relations through the lens of incestuous crime. The topic of incest in New Spain has received some scholarly attention (e.g. Margadant 2001, Jaffary 2007, Penyak 2016). For colonial Central America, incest cases have surfaced in studies on sexual violence (Rodríguez-Sáenz 2005 and Komisaruk 2008). Still, research on incest in both its consensual and non-consensual forms is missing for colonial Guatemala, and this investigation fills the gap. The study is based on data collected from criminal records produced in the secular colonial courts. Feminist and postmodern critiques both within and beyond anthropology have shaped its analysis. Chapter 2 begins with a description of the system of socioracial classification and the culture of honor in Spanish America. This is followed by a discussion of how patriarchal authority could lead to violence against female kin. Chapter 3 charts the evolving definition of incest in canon law and shows its impact on Spanish civil law. It concludes with an examination of the penalties associated with Guatemalan incest trials and their intersections with race, gender, and marital status. Chapter 4 presents the types of incest typically brought to trial and the discourse generated by incest in its various manifestations. It also considers how the nature of kin ties influenced the interpretation of evidence and expectations of how individuals would behave in the courtroom. Chapter 5 explores the malleable nature of colonial Guatemalan kinship and the complications it could cause during incest trials. It then looks at how colonial Guatemalans used kinship in strategic ways. Chapter 6 focuses on how incestuous crime was associated with Indianness and the polarizing effect it would have had on race relations. Overall, this study of incestuous crime highlights how the realm of kinship served to reinforce hierarchies of race and gender. It reveals the subjective and relative nature of kin ties and the strategic actors behind them. It shows a dialectical process in which actors with different conceptions of relatedness and incest confronted one another and created the potential for cultural and legal change.
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Sarah Saffa
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Remle, R. Corey. "Kinship Status and Life Course Transitions as Determinants of Financial Assistance to Adult Children." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/618.
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Kirk, Else. "Gender relations and the beneficiary: an impact study of the resource mobilisation initiative of Nyimba District Farmers Association as supported by MS Zambia." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1824.
Full textAbstract:
The central objective of this dissertation is to gain an understanding of the effect by the market within the household on a specific developmental initiative whose aim was poverty reduction. This dissertation analyses how individuals gain access to resources, and how they enforce their entitlements during the on-going implicit and explicit negotiations inherent in daily rural life.
The research tested the suitability of several concepts previously untested in the southern African context. The concept of hearth-holds, proved valuable as a unit of analysis which recognizes the importance of female-directed social units. The relevance of the fall-back position in terms of locality of kin, as well as perceptions of legitimacy, were crucial in affecting how far they were willing to go and what they felt they could demand in everyday household bargaining situations. The deficiency of using romantic ideas of conjugal relations and equal opportunities to explain practice was apparent.
Spouses strategise within the terms of their conjugal contracts, at times adhering to the dominant patriarchal bargain, at times covertly defying or overtly challenging it, and following another bargain.
Placing women as the custodians of morality, works to the relative advantage of men by isolating women from accessing certain opportunities. Female heads of households, manage to legitimise their access to resources by virtue of being custodians of their children. Custodianship of cash funds, and the dominant decision making model used for resource related decisions in the household, clearly impacted on the relevance of different strategies in the bargaining process. The strategic entry points in this process of reduced transparency and violence were relevant in most households studied. The latter was effective in reinforcing and shaping the conjugal contract, despite in effect breaking it. Drinking facilitated this process by creating a temporary suspension of the rules.
Concrete recommendations for developmental practitioners involve incorporating the hearth-hold concept and promoting the communal planning, budgeting and monitoring approach, as well as to specifically target individuals who need their intra-household bargaining power boosted. A clear policy on affirmative action in gate keeper roles, as well as gender disaggregated documentation of beneficiaries, should be institutionalised.Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)
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Belliard, Auréliane. "Complexité de l’insertion professionnelle des femmes sasaks dans l’industrie touristique de Lombok, Indonésie : nouvelle économie et identités locales." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25048.
Full textAbstract:
À Lombok, île rurale indonésienne, la communauté sasak a longtemps pratiqué un islam syncrétique et tolérant. Depuis le 20e siècle cependant, les différents revirements politiques qui ont animé l’île ont eu l’effet d’encourager un islam plus orthodoxe et de réaffirmer les valeurs traditionnelles sasaks. Aujourd’hui, cette dynamique avive l’identité religieuse des Sasaks et réitère le rôle des femmes en tant qu’épouses et mères de famille, responsables de la maisonnée.
Parallèlement, le développement rapide du tourisme, encouragé par l’état indonésien, oblige une reconfiguration du travail des femmes. Ces dernières sont de plus en plus nombreuses à occuper des postes dans les infrastructures touristiques, emplois qui sont localement associés à la modernité, mais aussi aux inconduites des voyageurs.
En confrontant leur rôle au sein de la maisonnée et les conventions de leur modestie, cette nouvelle économie place les femmes au centre d’un réseau de mouvance identitaire où s’affrontent des idéaux locaux et nationaux. Comment ces femmes arrivent-elles à coordonner ces rôles en apparence contradictoires ? Quel en est l’impact sur leur quotidien et leur identité, leur rôle genré ?
L’objectif principal de cette recherche consiste à investiguer, au moyen d’un terrain ethnographique, la complexité des rapports qu’entretiennent les femmes sasaks avec les emplois du domaine touristique. En se concentrant sur les dynamiques de la parenté et des relations de genre sasaks, cette recherche éclaire à la fois les obstacles quotidiens et les enjeux identitaires que vivent les travailleuses sasaks lorsqu’elles contractent un emploi dans l’industrie touristique. Ultimement, ce mémoire réactualise la pertinence d’investiguer la parenté dans l’étude des changements sociaux et met en lumière la complexité des rapports identitaires que peuvent vivre les populations visées par le tourisme international.In Lombok, a rural Indonesian island, the Sasak community has long practised a syncretic and tolerant Islam. However, since the 20th century, various political shifts affected the island which had the effect of encouraging a more orthodox Islam and reaffirming traditional sasak values. Nowadays, this dynamic reiterates the role of women as wives and mothers, household keepers, as a key element for their religious identity. In parallel, a fast-growing international tourism, encouraged by the Indonesian state, is forcing a reorganization of women’s work. Women mostly work as clerks in hotels and restaurants which locally are jobs associated with modernity, but also with the travellers’ misbehaviour. As they work outside the household, their purity and their performance as wives and mothers are compromised. Therefore, women are placed in an awkward position: as their jobs align with national ideals they are also confronting local values. How do these women manage to play these seemingly contradictory roles? What is the impact on their daily activities and their identity, their gender role? The main objective of this research is to investigate, through an ethnographic fieldwork, the reality of Sasak women who engage in the tourism industry. By focusing on kinship dynamics and gender relations, this research highlights both the day-to-day obstacles and identity issues that Sasak women workers experience as they work. Ultimately, this research updates the relevance of investigating kinship in the study of social changes and highlights the complexity of identity crisis that can experience a community targeted by international tourism.