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Journal articles on the topic 'Kiribati'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Rachmawati, NIcky Nastiti, and Nur Luthfi Hidayatullah. "AUSTRALIA’S RESPONSE TOWARDS KIRIBATI’S MIGRATION WITH DIGNITY POLICY." SIYAR Journal 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2023): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/siyar.2023.3.2.106-114.

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This study aims to examine the Australian Government's Response towards Kiribati's Migration with Dignity Policy. Rising sea level caused by climate change forces the Pacific Island states, including Kiribati to relocate their citizens overseas. Kiribati launched the Migration with Dignity policy to provide access for its citizens to work in other countries, especially Australia. The authors argue that Australia responded Kiribati’s migration with dignity by providing foreign aid for Kiribati. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive method and utilize the concepts of migration policy and foreign aid, with documentation data collection technique. The results of this study indicate that Australia responded Kiribati’s Migration with Dignity policy by providing foreign aid through the Kiribati Institute of Technology (KIT) and the Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI). KIT and KANI opens an opportunity for Kiribati citizens to participate in foreign language and professional skills training, to be able to fulfill Australia’s migration policy requirements for foreign workers.

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2

Ryan, Brigid, Manrenga Viane, Fran Timmins, Alex Smith, and Claire Anstey. "Bridging the ocean: Kiribati Australia alliance in mental health." Australasian Psychiatry 25, no. 5 (June 29, 2017): 474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856217706822.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the benefits of collaboration between Australia and Kiribati, a Pacific island nation, to enhance Kiribati’s mental health system. Method: The collaboration involved a training program for a Kiribati senior mental health leader in Melbourne, Australia, and service planning including prioritisation of key areas for development. Results: As well as receiving general training in community-based mental health, the Kiribati mental health leader gained skills in modification of the inpatient environment, with plans for implementation in Kiribati within the current limited resources. Future planning will focus on shifting from an emphasis on acute psychiatric treatment and custodial care to a recovery-oriented approach. Conclusion: The international exchange was a positive experience for both the Kiribati participants and their Australian colleagues. Knowledge transfer was achieved in a short time, and service development appropriate and realistic for the Kiribati environment was planned.

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Xuande, Fan, and Gu Yuting. "An Analysis of the Tuna Diplomacy between Pacific Island Countries and EU -Take Kiribati as an example." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 01071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125101071.

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Abundant tuna resources have important economic and political significance for Pacific island countries, and obtaining more benefits from tuna resources is the consistent pursuit of Pacific island countries. This article selects Kiribati as an example, mainly for consideration of its national conditions. Kiribati is a maritime country, it’s the world’s largest coral atoll, and it is famous for the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA). Kiribati’s water area is larger than land, its citizens mainly rely on fishing for their livelihoods and commercial activities. Kiribati declared its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in 1978, it currently has 3.55 million square kilometers, which is equivalent to the area of India. Besides, no other resources can make a huge economic contribution to Kiribati. Therefore, obtaining economic and political gains from abundant tuna resources is an urgent need for Kiribati. The EU has a huge tuna consumer market in the world, and there is a huge demand for tuna. The Atlantic fisheries are affected by overfishing, which has led the EU to seek new fisheries around the world. In addition to that, participating in the tuna affairs of Pacific island countries will also have a positive effect on enhancing the EU’s influence in the Pacific island countries. The two sides immediately started cooperation on tuna affairs. This article takes Kiribati’s tuna diplomacy with the European Union as an example and take the fishery partnership agreement signed by the two sides as the starting point to discuss the cooperation between them in tuna fishery and some frictions in the cooperation. In the end of this article, the authors briefly summarize the way Kiribati can further benefit from tuna resources in the future.

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4

Camus, Guigone. "Kiribati." Contemporary Pacific 34, no. 1 (2022): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2022.0007.

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Korauaba, Taberannang. "Kiribati." Contemporary Pacific 27, no. 1 (2015): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2015.0025.

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6

Syafik, Munjin, Raisha Nadina Nur Fitria, Bama Andika Putra, and Darwis. "Australia's Role in Supporting Kiribati's Migration with Dignity Policy Dealing with Sea Level Rise in the South Pacific." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 4, no. 2 (May 15, 2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2022.4.2.13.

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This study aims to describe Kiribati's adaptation efforts through the "Migration with Dignity" policy that the government made to deal with the sea level rise problem and to describe Australia's role in supporting Kiribati in carrying out this policy. The research method used in this research is a descriptive analytical research type that describes the cause and effect of a certain phenomenon, in this case, climate change, by describing data, facts, and arguments relevant to the discussion. The results of this study indicate that through migration policy as an adaptation strategy, the Kiribati government builds its capacity to respond to human security threats arising from sea level rise and fulfills the responsibility to ensure the survival of the population through education and skills development programs. In this regard, Australia plays a role as the dominant regional actor by providing assistance through AusAID. Australia's foreign aid as a donor country is used to meet the needs of Kiribati as a recipient country to support the "Migration with Dignity" policy.

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7

Juita, Dewi Nawar Sri, and Baiq L. S. W. Wardhani. "Bantuan Australia kepada Kiribati melalui Program Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI)." Insignia: Journal of International Relations 8, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.ins.2021.8.1.3486.

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Kiribati merupakan salah satu negara yang terletak di Kepulauan Pasifik yang rentan dengan banjir karena kenaikan permukaan air laut dan diperkirakan akan tenggelam pada tahun 2050. Selain itu, Kiribati juga dihadapkan oleh permasalahan domestik, seperti pengangguran dan kemiskinan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pemerintah Kiribati berupaya untuk membentuk kebijakan yang dikenal dengan “migration with dignity” dengan meningkatkan program pendidikan dan keterampilan. Untuk mendukung kebijakan tersebut, pemerintah Australia sebagai negara tetangga Kiribati, memberikan bantuan berupa beasiswa kepada masyarakat Kiribati dalam bentuk program beasiswa pendidikan geratis di bidang keperawatan dan memberikan kesempatan bagi masyarakat Kiribati yang telah lulus program tersebut untuk bekerja langsung di Australia. Bantuan beasiswa ini dikenal dengan Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI). Penelitian ini menjawab pertanyaan faktor-faktor yang menjadi motif Australia dalam membantu Kiribati. Penelitian ini berupa studi kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, mengumpulkan data dari buku, internet, dan artikel ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KANI merupakan program beasiswa yang tidak saja menguntungkan Kiribati sebagai negara penerima, tetapi juga menguntungkan Australia sebagai negara pemberi bantuan luar negeri. Self-interest Australia yang dominan dalam program KANI adalah kebutuhannya pada kekurangan tenaga kerja pada sektor kesehatan akibat terbatasnya sumber daya manusia dalam memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut, sekaligus untuk memenuhi tugas regional Australia sebagai ‘big brother’ di Pasifik. Kata kunci: Australia, bantuan luar negeri, KANI, Kiribati Kiribati is a nation in the Pacific Island that is exposed to flooding due to rising sea levels and is expected to sink by 2050. In addition, Kiribati is also faced domestic problems such as unemployment and poverty. To solve the problems, Kiribati government seeks to establish a policy known as "migration with dignity" by improving education and skills programs. To support this policy, Australian government as a neighboring country of Kiribati, provides scholarship assistance to the Kiribati community in the form of free education scholarship programs in the field of nursing and provides opportunities for kiribati citizen who have passed the program to work directly in Australia. This scholarship assistance is known as Kiribati Australia Nursing Initiative (KANI). This study answers the question of Australia's motive in helping Kiribati. This research is in the form of literature studies using qualitative methods, collecting data from books, the internet, journals and scientific articles. The result showed that KANI is a scholarship program that not only benefits Kiribati as a receiving country, but also benefits Australa as a foreign aid provider. Australia's dominant self-interest in KANI program is its need for workforce shortages in the health sector due to limited human resources in meeting those needs, as well as to fulfill Australia's regional duty as a 'big brother' in the Pacific. Keywords: Australia, foreign aid, KANI, Kiribati

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8

Trisakti, Mulyadi, and M. Syaprin Zahidi. "Kepentingan Nasional Kiribati Dalam Memutuskan Hubungan Diplomatik Dengan Taiwan dan Beralih Ke China." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK) 4, no. 5 (September 2, 2022): 3671–2679. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v4i5.6982.

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Penelitian ini meneliti faktor penentu yang terjadi antara Negara Kiribati dengan Negara Taiwan hingga terjadinya pemutusan hubungan diplomatik kedua Negara ini, hubungan diplomatik antara Kiribati dengan Taiwan sudah terjalin sejak lama. Mengingat kedua Negara tidak pernah terjadi kesalahpahaman, penelitian ini menggunakan konsep kepentingan nasional dan konsep kerjasama untuk melihat dinamika yang terjadi Negara Kiribati dengan Negara Taiwan, penulis juga menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjabarkan pada penelitian kali ini, hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu hadirnya Negara china di Kiribati dengan bantuan ekonomi yang masif dan juga arah pemerintahan Kiribati yang kini pro China membuat terjadinya pemutusan hubungan diplomatik secara sepihak oleh Negara Kiribati.

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9

Sinaga, Melpayanty, and Yusril Yusril. "Dampak Perubahan Iklim di Pasifik Selatan: Ancaman Naiknya Permukaan Air Laut Terhadap Eksistensi Negara dan Penduduk Kiribati." Papua Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations 1, no. 1 (May 25, 2021): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/pjdir.v1i1.1672.

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Climate change is a complex and globalizing environmental issue that occurs almost all over the world, including the South Pacific islands. This article aims to examine the impacts of climate change on the Pacific community, marked by a sea-level rise that threatens the existence of the country and its population – particularly the Republic of Kiribati. This study also investigates the role of the Kiribati government in planning future strategies in response to the threat of rising sea levels. By using descriptive qualitative analysis, it found that Kiribati became one of the countries in the South Pacific whose existence and inhabitants would be threatened by the sea level rise in the near future. The impacts felt by the people of Kiribati thus far included storm surges, typhoons, floods, sea-level rise, seawater intrusion, and drought. However, the sea-level rise became the most experienced phenomenon by households in Kiribati. The Kiribati government has developed three strategies: adaptation, mitigation, and relocation. Adaptation and mitigation are identified as priorities while considering relocation as the last option.KEYWORDSClimate Change; Kiribati; Pacific; Sea Level Rise

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10

International Monetary Fund. "Kiribati: Statistical Appendix." IMF Staff Country Reports 97, no. 61 (1997): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451814361.002.

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11

Beiabure, Meita, Bob Heron, and Malcolm Leak. "Communications in Kiribati." IEE Review 37, no. 5 (1991): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ir:19910086.

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12

International Monetary Fund. "Kiribati: Statistical Appendix." IMF Staff Country Reports 11, no. 114 (2011): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781455287642.002.

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13

Thornton, Jacqui. "Malnutrition in Kiribati." Lancet 401, no. 10387 (May 2023): 1486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00903-0.

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14

Astriviany, Maurin. "Kiribati's Strategy in Facing the Problem of Sea Level Rise through the Kiribati Adaptation Program (KAP)." Nation State: Journal of International Studies 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.2020v3i1.39.

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The vulnerability of the Pacific Region which generally consists of small country and island nations makes countries in the region need to be aware of the threat of sea level rising. Kiribati is one of the countries that will be most affected. Therefore, the Kiribati Adaptation Program is one of the Government’s strategies that collaborated with the World Bank as the main donor party to reduce the adverse effect from sea level Rising. Divided into three phases of the program, we will see how it progresses from one phase to another. In the first phase is preparation for the program to adapt, in the second phase is the time to implement what needs to be done after reviewing the result of the first phase preparation, then in the final phase is the expansion of the program. After two phases, this third phase learned lessons from previous phases which faced few obstacles and need to be fixed before goes up to the expansion stage. Kiribati Adaptation Program will give an idea of how the strategy has been carried out by the Government of Kiribati and might become a lesson for other vulnerable countries in face the sea level rising.

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15

Cleverley, Louisa. "Understanding I-Kiribati wellbeing and its implications for health and social services." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 35, no. 2 (June 20, 2023): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol35iss2id807.

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INTRODUCTION: Pacific people in Aotearoa New Zealand are a fast-growing population, and research shows that they do not experience the same health benefits others do. While effort has been made to better understand the needs of this population, the results remain largely unchanged. Additionally, practice methods and research to better understand the needs of this group tend to accommodate the more dominant Pacific populations, while less research has gone into understanding the smaller Pacific ethnic populations such as I-Kiribati. This research sought to explore I-Kiribati meanings of wellbeing and how these understandings contribute to creating more culturally appropriate social services. METHODS: The research employed semi-structured interviews to explore the perspectives and experiences of five I-Kiribati professionals working in health and social services. Recruitment was through purposive sampling. FINDINGS: The findings outline important aspects that contribute to the wellbeing of both Kiribati and other Pacific groups, factors preventing Pacific minority groups from accessing social services, such as language barriers, acculturation issues, and lack of cultural knowledge and understanding within health, and social services. The findings also suggested the importance of utilising cultural knowledge to inform social work practice, as well as the need for service providers to expand their understanding of the Kiribati culture through more collaboration with Kiribati communities throughout Aotearoa New Zealand. CONCLUSION: The findings aid further understanding of wellbeing, knowledge on the Kiribati culture and needs of this group, while also informing practice methods for enhanced engagement to best meet the needs of ethnic minority groups.

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16

Laki, Duncan Muhumuza. "The Case of Ioane Teitiota v. New Zealand at the Human Rights Committee: A Common Sense approach." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 115 (2021): 161–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/amp.2021.148.

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On October 24, 2019, The Human Rights Committee adopted a view in the case of Ioane Teitiota v. New Zealand; a case concerning the complaint of a national of Kiribati, seeking asylum in New Zealand, from the effects of climate change in Kiribati. With his claim being rejected by New Zealand, Mr. Teitiota was returned to his country; however, he insisted that by sending him back to Kiribati, New Zealand violated his right to life under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) by exposing him to conditions that endanger his life. The conditions included the sea level rise in Kiribati due to climate change, resulting in the scarcity of habitable space, environmental degradation, and saltwater contamination of the freshwater supply.

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Aretaake, Ruiti. "Traditional Kiribati beliefs about environmental issues and its impacts on rural and urban communities." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-06-2018-0182.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report how the encouragement of collaboration between local stakeholders, communities and the government helps slow the great impact of disaster risks and the impacts of climate change on livelihoods and lives. It also describes how promoting the acceptance and contributions of traditional knowledge in this effort owing to their accessibility and affordability and their cultural compatibility with the community contributes to addressing the challenges in Kiribati faces. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on government and NGO reports, as well as other documentary sources, this paper examines the nature of current efforts and the state of community practices in Kiribati. Findings Disaster risks and climate change are currently destroying all facets of I-Kiribati life. It is, therefore, imperative that a holistic form of partnership bringing together both state and non-state actors and that through this community awareness be implemented within the Kiribati policies and community development programs to improve dissemination of prevention and risk reduction programs, while maintaining the cultural infrastructure. Social implications Access to modern technologies and factors which inhibit local utilization of natural resources as well as traditional Kiribati beliefs about environment issues and impacts on people illustrate the potential and difficulties of convergence of new ideas with traditional knowledge. Originality/value The Kiribati “Frontline” project is an activity which has been led by the Foundation for the Peoples of the South Pacific Kiribati, both stimulated and in part subsidized by the Global Network for Disaster Reduction that provided financial support to work with rural and urban communities on mitigating disaster risks and climate change issues.

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Butcher, Hayley, Sarah Burkhart, Nicholas Paul, Ulusapeti Tiitii, Karibanang Tamuera, Taati Eria, and Libby Swanepoel. "Role of Seaweed in Diets of Samoa and Kiribati: Exploring Key Motivators for Consumption." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 7356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187356.

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Edible seaweeds have significant potential to contribute to sustainable diets that promote health of Pacific Islanders in ecologically, economically, and socially acceptable ways. No studies to date have investigated motivators for and the consumption of edible green seaweed from the genus Caulerpa (sea grapes) in Samoa and Kiribati. An observational, cross-sectional study utilized an interviewer-administered questionnaire to explore consumption behaviors and the role of sea grapes in the current diets of individuals in Samoa and Kiribati. Of the total 145 participants (n = 79, 54.5% Samoa; n = 66, 45.5% Kiribati), half (n = 76, 52%) reported consuming sea grapes. A significantly greater proportion of Samoans (n = 56, 70.9%) reported consumption than I-Kiribati participants (n = 20, 30.3%). A greater proportion of consumers were male (n = 47, 61.8%). Samoan consumers reported consumption of sea grapes with a higher diversity of foods and being related to traditional events or ceremonies. Motivators for consumption varied between countries, with Samoan consumers reporting strong agreement for taste and value for money, and identified sea grapes as nutritious food, as influences on consumption. Easy access was a motivator in Kiribati only. The findings of this study are underpinned by the degree of food security and differences in culture in Samoa and Kiribati. Future public health efforts to integrate traditional fresh food into local food systems will need to work within the existing social parameters in each respective country.

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Kazama, Kazuhiro. "Camus, Guigone: Tabiteuea Kiribati." Anthropos 110, no. 2 (2015): 607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2015-2-607.

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20

Schute, Rosalie. "Elective term in Kiribati." Medical Journal of Australia 159, no. 6 (September 1993): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137915.x.

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Crompton, John L. "Elective term in Kiribati." Medical Journal of Australia 160, no. 3 (February 1994): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb126584.x.

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Schultz, Rosalie. "Elective term in Kiribati." Medical Journal of Australia 160, no. 3 (February 1994): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb126585.x.

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23

Molden-Hauer, Tristan, R. Gordon Wright, Peter Simos, Stephen Weinstein, and Christopher Philippa. "The kiribati immunohistochemistry problem." Pathology 43 (2011): S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3025(16)33235-4.

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24

Qinghua, Tang, Lu Lilan, Wang Qinglong, Li Chaoxu, Liu Kui, and Wu Wenli. "Investigation of Agricultural Diseases and Pests in the Republic of Kiribati and the Republic of Fiji." International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20241001.16.

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The Republic of Kiribati (Kiribati) and the Republic of Fiji (Fiji) are two island countries in the Middle and Eastern Pacific Ocean, respectively. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), banana (Musa spp.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), and breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa (Thunb.) L.) are the primary economic crops. To date, there have been few reports on the status of agricultural diseases and pests in these countries. From June 6 to June 16, 2023, our team investigated agricultural diseases and pests in Kiribati and Fiji. Thirty-six diseases, five pests and one parasitic plant from twenty-eight species of plants were identified in Kiribati. Among the deleterious organisms, coconut gray spot (Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Steyaert), banana Cordana leaf spot (Cordana musae (Zimm) Hhon), hala (pandanus) leaf blight (Unidentified pathogen), breadfruit anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), frangipani rust (Coleosporium plumierae Pat.) and noni anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) were predominant. A total of twenty-seven diseases and one parasitic plant were identified on twenty-one species of plants in Fiji. Mango bacterial black spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae), banana black leaf streak (Pseudocercospora musae (Zimm.) Deighton), pumpkin virus disease (Unidentified), and frangipani rust (Coleosporium plumierae Pat.) were prevalent. The results of our survey could provide the governments of Kiribati and Fiji with basic data to control the primary agricultural diseases and pests in their countries.

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Voogt, Alex. "Kiribati Game Development: Cultural Transmission, Communities of Creation, and Marketing." Journal of Pacific Studies 38, no. 1 (2018): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33318/jpacs.2018.38(1)-2.

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The people of Kiribati play a broad assortment of card and board games. The game rules show several innovations that were made outside the purview of the games’ manufacturers. The presence and regional development of proprietary board games illustrates product development scenarios that are counterintuitive to marketers. Using game boards and game rules collected in Kiribati, this study offers an explanation on how game development in Micronesia can be understood using cultural transmission theory by locating the Republic of Kiribati both geographically and economically within the Pacific Islands economies and their communities and within their own anthropological context. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding regional and country-specific cultural practices when applying principles of product development, placement and distribution.

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Reiher, Antje, and Masoud Mohammadnezhad. "A qualitative exploration of factors affecting mothers of malnourished children under 5 years old in Kiribati." F1000Research 8 (January 21, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17732.1.

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Background: In Kiribati, malnutrition is the leading cause of death for children aged less than 5 years. The purpose of this study was to explore contributing factors among mothers of malnourished children under 5 years old in Kiribati. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in an urban area of South Tarawa among mothers of malnourished children aged less than 5 years in 11 public health centers in 2016. The study included 9 focus group discussions, with a sub sample of 3 to 4 in each group, having a total of 35 participants. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, data was collected and thematic analysis was applied to analysis the data. Results: Seven main themes were identified including; knowledge, behaviors, perceived severity, perceived benefits to action, perceived barriers and cultural related issues. These encompassed a variety of reasons which could explain the malnutrition in children of those particular mothers. Conclusion: In order to tackle malnutrition in Kiribati, it is crucial to identify the main factors that are hindering this preventable disease. This study provides information essential to enhanced decision making, health care delivery planning and has policy implications for the improvement of quality of health care in Kiribati.

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Reiher, Antje, and Masoud Mohammadnezhad. "A qualitative exploration of behavioral factors affecting mothers of malnourished children under 5 years old in Kiribati." F1000Research 8 (April 9, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17732.2.

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Background: In Kiribati, malnutrition is the leading cause of death for children aged less than 5 years. The purpose of this study was to explore contributing behavioral factors among mothers of malnourished children under 5 years old in Kiribati. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in an urban area of South Tarawa among mothers of malnourished children aged less than 5 years in 11 public health centers in 2016. The study included 9 focus group discussions, with a sub sample of 3 to 4 in each group, having a total of 35 participants. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, data was collected and thematic analysis was applied to analysis the data. Results: Seven main themes were identified including; knowledge, behaviors, perceived severity, perceived benefits to action, perceived barriers and cultural related issues. These encompassed a variety of reasons which could explain the malnutrition in children of those particular mothers. Conclusion: In order to tackle malnutrition in Kiribati, it is crucial to identify the main factors that are hindering this preventable disease. This study provides information essential to enhanced decision making, health care delivery planning and has policy implications for the improvement of quality of health care in Kiribati.

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Redfern, T. "BREADFRUIT IMPROVEMENT ACTIVITIES IN KIRIBATI." Acta Horticulturae, no. 757 (November 2007): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.757.11.

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29

Storey, Donovan, and Shawn Hunter. "Kiribati: an environmental ‘perfect storm’." Australian Geographer 41, no. 2 (June 2010): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049181003742294.

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30

Van Trease, Howard. "The 1991 election in Kiribati." Journal of Pacific History 27, no. 3 (December 1992): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349208572718.

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31

Tauroba, Karote, and Anthony Lewis. "P-193 Diabetes in Kiribati." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 79 (February 2008): S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8227(08)70961-6.

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Sasaki, Daisuke, Irene Taafaki, Takuia Uakeia, Jennifer Seru, Yolanda McKay, and Hermon Lajar. "Influence of Religion, Culture and Education on Perception of Climate Change and its Implications: Applying Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)." Journal of Disaster Research 14, no. 9 (December 1, 2019): 1303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p1303.

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Currently, structural equation modeling (SEM) is widely used in the discipline of social sciences because of its capability in exploring causal relationships among variables. By applying SEM, this study aims to verify the hypothesis that there exist three fundamental factors (religion, culture, education) that influence the perception of climate change. The researchers took advantages of the output results of the questionnaire survey that had been conducted both in Majuro, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) and in Tarawa, Republic of Kiribati, in an international collaborative research project titled “How Religion, Culture and Education Influence the Perception of People about Climate Change.” The results indicated that the two cases, namely RMI and Kiribati, were similar; that is the basic structure of both cases in the background of climate change bears some resemblance. Meanwhile, it should be noted that the path coefficient from education to the perception of climate change in the case of Kiribati (0.86) is much higher than that in the case of RMI (0.47). Thus, it is implied that education may significantly influence the perception of people about climate change and its implications, both in RMI and Kiribati. Based on this finding, it is advocated that further efforts should be devoted to education so that the perception of people about climate change and its implications can get much clearer.

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Korauaba, Taberannang. "Commentary: Small Pacific states and media freedom: A Kiribati case study." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2007): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v13i1.882.

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For more than 50 years, the governments of Kiribati have manipulated the affairs of the Broadcasting and Publications Authority (BPA). The authority runs a radio station and newspaper reaching the majority of the population of Kiribati. The interference is simply a warning to those working for the authority that they do not have freedom to inform the public. In practice, the political opposition would oppose this interference, describing it as draconian and demanding more media freedom. But when the opposition came to power, it would also restrict the work of journalists. Thus reporters have often been caught in the crossfire between the politicians and are fearful of their future. Some journalists have been accused of being anti-government or sanctioning stories that embarrass the political leaders. This commentary explains—from the firsthand experience of this journalist—why in the digital era small Pacific nations such as Kiribati face a more fundamental issue: protecting the public’s right to know.

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Nakayama, Mikiyasu, Irene Taafaki, Takuia Uakeia, Jennifer Seru, Yolanda McKay, and Hermon Lajar. "Influence of Religion, Culture and Education on Perception of Climate Change, and its Implications." Journal of Disaster Research 14, no. 9 (December 1, 2019): 1297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p1297.

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This study aims to quantitatively find the influence of religion, culture and education on the perception of climate change, and its implications. A survey was carried out, with students of a college and a university in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), and a university in Kiribati answering a questionnaire. It emerged that education has more influence than religion or culture on people’s perceptions of climate change and its implications, both in the RMI and Kiribati. It is interesting because the two countries are not homogeneous in terms of history, culture and religion. Another surprising finding was that seemingly contradictory ideas (e.g., no flooding in the future as stated in the Bible, compared with the perceived sea level rise) exist in the minds of the majority of the respondents, both in RMI and Kiribati. Having conflicting ideas in one’s mind may delay one taking action to cope with climate change and its implications.

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Kagan, Sophia. "‘On the ship, you can do anything’: the impact of international cruiseship employment for i-Kiribati women." Journal of Pacific Studies 36, no. 1 (2016): 34–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33318/jpacs.2016.36(1)-3.

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Kiribati is a remote, small island country with a long history of male temporary migration as a mechanism for relieving unemployment and facilitating remittances. This article looks at a unique case study of female i-Kiribati migration and is based on interviews with a small sample of i-Kiribati women who worked on international cruiseships between 2009-2012, thus providing interesting insight into first-time migration experiences of women from a remote island country. The findings suggest that while the experience did not generally lead to observable changes in their ability to manage remittances, nor in gender relations between husband and wife, employment on the ship did nonetheless have strong reported benefits in terms of independence, skills development and confidence of the women interviewed. These findings corroborate existing literature showing while entrenched gender norms rarely shift directly due to women’s migration experiences, migration does contribute to the women’s empowerment through increased agency and ability to make decisions, both during and after their migration.

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Korauaba, Taberannang. "REVIEW: Noted: Pacific climate change doco lacks ‘media impact’." Pacific Journalism Review 19, no. 1 (May 31, 2013): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v19i1.256.

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"On the night the The Hungry Tide was screened on Māori Television in New Zealand, our family was having a farewell party for our relatives returning to Kiribati the next day. We sat cross-legged on a mat in a circle while women prepared meals for everyone... of course our family members were going to watch the 'movie' rather than a documentary. They were going to re-connect their memories of Kiribati through this film. Not suprisingly, climate change and sea level rise are already a disaster on the minds of these people."

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Lee, Alice, Kathy Jackson, Rosemary Tekoaua, Caroline Lee, Margaret Sue Huntley, and David Hilmers. "A programme to treat chronic hepatitis B in Kiribati: progress and challenges." Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5365/wpsar.2019.10.4.003.

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Problem: Over 290 million people worldwide suffer from chronic hepatitis B (CHB), with the highest prevalence in the Pacific islands. Mortality attributable to this disease exceeds that from HIV, tuberculosis and malaria combined in this region. Context: CHB is a major health problem in the Pacific island nation of Kiribati. Medical care is complicated by vast expanses of ocean separating population centres in its constituent islands. Birth-dose hepatitis B immunization rates need improvement. High rates of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and co-infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis D in Kiribati make treatment less effective. Staff allocation, training and retention are difficult. Limited infrastructure creates challenges in training, communications, laboratory testing and record-keeping. Action: We have established a CHB treatment programme in Kiribati based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and local needs. It includes direct patient care; laboratory, radiology and pharmacy support; public education; training; and data management. Thousands of individuals have been screened, and 845 hepatitis B-positive patients have had blood sent to Australia for molecular testing. Patient education pamphlets, medical training programmes and treatment protocols have been developed. Seventy-nine patients have started treatment. Regular onsite visits by technical experts are scheduled throughout the year. Lessons learnt and discussion: This is the first national CHB treatment programme established in the Pacific islands region. Unique challenges exist in Kiribati, as they do in each nation affected by CHB. Close engagement with local partners, knowledge of the barriers involved, flexibility, advocacy, and support from WHO and volunteer technical experts are key attributes of a successful treatment programme.

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International Monetary Fund. "Kiribati: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix." IMF Staff Country Reports 09, no. 196 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451821901.002.

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Thompson, Lee, Nabura Ioteba, and Steve Chambers. "Leprosy in Kiribati: the lived experience." Leprosy Review 91, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47276/lr.91.4.353.

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Christie, Martin. "Suspected Mycobacterium ulcerans disease in Kiribati." Medical Journal of Australia 146, no. 11 (June 1987): 600–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb120425.x.

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Hayman, John. "Suspected Mycobacterium ulcérons disease in Kiribati." Medical Journal of Australia 147, no. 5 (September 1987): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb133432.x.

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42

Klikauer, Thomas, and Richard Morris. "Kiribati seafarers and German container shipping." Maritime Policy & Management 29, no. 1 (January 2002): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088830110078355.

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Teaiwa, Katerina Martina. "Akekeia! Traditional Dance in Kiribati (review)." Contemporary Pacific 16, no. 1 (2004): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2004.0033.

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Webb, James. "Kiribati economic survey: Oceans of opportunity." Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 7, no. 1 (January 2020): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app5.297.

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Duffield, Lee. "REVIEW: British bomb legacy lingers in the islands." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 24, no. 1 (July 17, 2018): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v24i1.408.

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Grappling with the H Bomb, by Nic McLellan. Canberra: ANU Press, 2017. 408 pages. ISBN 9781760461379/9781760461386. NIC McLELLAN’s Grappling with the H Bomb, is an adroit and readable treatment of the story of the British nuclear testing programme predominantly in the South Pacific islands. Its chief focus is the series of nine British nuclear tests at Malden and Christmas (Kiritimati) Islands between May 1957 and September 1958. They were then part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony (GEIC), which was divided into Kiribati and Tuvalu at independence. Malden and Christmas (Kiritimati) Islands are now part of Kiribati.

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Raj, Nawin. "Prediction of Sea Level with Vertical Land Movement Correction Using Deep Learning." Mathematics 10, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 4533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10234533.

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Sea level rise (SLR) in small island countries such as Kiribati and Tuvalu have been a significant issue for decades. There is an urgent need for more accurate and reliable scientific information regarding SLR and its trend and for more informed decision making. This study uses the tide gauge (TG) dataset obtained from locations in Betio, Kiribati and Funafuti, Tuvalu with sea level corrections for vertical land movement (VLM) at these locations from the data obtained by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) before the sea level trend and rise predictions. The oceanic feature inputs of water temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind gust, wind direction, air temperature, and three significant lags of sea level are considered in this study for data modeling. A new data decomposition method, namely, successive variational mode decomposition (SVMD), is employed to extract intrinsic modes of each feature that are processed for selection by the Boruta random optimizer (BRO). The study develops a deep learning model, namely, stacked bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), to make sea level (target variable) predictions that are benchmarked by three other AI models adaptive boosting regressor (AdaBoost), support vector regression (SVR), and multilinear regression (MLR). With a comprehensive evaluation of performance metrics, stacked BiLSTM attains superior results of 0.994207, 0.994079, 0.988219, and 0.899868 for correlation coefficient, Wilmott’s Index, the Nash–Sutcliffe Index, and the Legates–McCabe Index, respectively, for Kiribati, and with values of 0.996806, 0.996272, 0.992316, and 0.919732 for correlation coefficient, Wilmott’s Index, the Nash–Sutcliffe Index, and the Legates–McCabe Index, respectively, for the case of Tuvalu. It also shows the lowest error metrics in prediction for both study locations. Finally, trend analysis and linear projection are provided with the GNSS-VLM-corrected sea level average for the period 2001 to 2040. The analysis shows an average sea level rate rise of 2.1 mm/yr for Kiribati and 3.9 mm/yr for Tuvalu. It is estimated that Kiribati and Tuvalu will have a rise of 80 mm and 150 mm, respectively, by the year 2040 if estimated from year 2001 with the current trend.

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International Monetary Fund. "Kiribati: 2014 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report; Press Release; and Statement by the Executive Director for Kiribati." IMF Staff Country Reports 14, no. 138 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781498395212.002.

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International Monetary Fund. "Kiribati: 2016 Article IV Consultation-Press Release;Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Kiribati." IMF Staff Country Reports 16, no. 292 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781475535860.002.

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49

Kodish, Stephen R., Kelsey Grey, Maryam Matean, Uma Palaniappan, Stanley Gwavuya, Caitlin Gomez, Tinai Iuta, et al. "Socio-Ecological Factors That Influence Infant and Young Child Nutrition in Kiribati: A Biocultural Perspective." Nutrients 11, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061330.

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This study sought to elucidate the multi-level factors that influence behaviors underlying high childhood stunting and widespread micronutrient deficiencies in Kiribati. This two-phase formative research study had an emergent and iterative design using the socio-ecological model as the guiding theoretical framework. Phase 1 was exploratory while phase 2 was confirmatory. In phase 1, in-depth interviews, free lists, seasonal food availability calendar workshops, and household observations were conducted. In phase 2, focus group discussions, pile sorts, participatory workshops, and repeat observations of the same households were completed. Textual data were analyzed using NVivo software; ethnographic data were analyzed with Anthropac software for cultural domain analysis. We found a combination of interrelated structural, community, interpersonal, and individual-level factors contributing to the early child nutrition situation in Kiribati. Despite widespread knowledge of nutritious young child foods among community members, households make dietary decisions based not only on food availability and access, but also longstanding traditions and social norms. Diarrheal disease is the most salient young child illness, attributable to unsanitary environments and sub-optimal water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviors. This research underscores the importance of a multi-pronged approach to most effectively address the interrelated policy, community, interpersonal, and individual-level determinants of infant and young child nutrition in Kiribati.

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Maekawa, Miko, Priyatma Singh, Dhrishna Charan, Nagisa Yoshioka, and Takuia Uakeia. "Livelihood Re-Establishment of Emigrants from Kiribati in Fiji." Journal of Disaster Research 14, no. 9 (December 1, 2019): 1277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p1277.

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People from Kiribati, especially after obtaining college degrees, tend to have a desire to migrate abroad to obtain further education and good jobs and, to some extent, due to the impacts of climate change. Nineteen percent of I-Kiribati migrants in Fiji who responded to our survey indicated climate change as a factor for their migration, but their primary reasons were to seek better education and employment. When seeking employment, their lack of English-language skills and professional qualifications posed challenges. However, those who had prepared well in advance tend to find jobs relatively smoothly after migration. When settling in a new area, people tended to rely on family connections, community groups, and other social supports as sources of network and safety net.

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