Journal articles: 'Kisumu'

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Odede, Fredrick Argwenge, Dr Patrick O. Hayombe, and Prof Stephen G. Agong’. "Exploration of Food Culture in Kisumu: A Socio-Cultural Perspective." Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, no. 7 (July 24, 2017): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v6i7.1162.

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<p>Increasingly food culture in the context of socio-cultural dimension is becoming important for sustainable urban development. In the last four years food festivals have been held in Kisumu attracting several interests both from within and without the City. The Kisumu fish night event of 2013 marked the melting point of food culture in Kisumu. This paper thus explores the noble intention of integrating food culture in Kisumu as a socio-cultural capital for the advancement of City sustainable development agenda. To an agrarian society, life is about food from its production, the processing/preservation up to the consumption or the sharing. People connect to their cultural or ethnic background through similar food patterns. People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods leading to the question: Are Luos in Kisumu defined by their own food culture? This study further investigated the mode of production, and storage of food resources, examined food cuisines of the Luo community in Kisumu, and assessed the food habits, practices and beliefs associated with food cuisines, as well as, the nutritional and socio-cultural values of Luo cuisines. The research employed qualitative methods of data collection such as interviews, observation, focused group discussion and photography using purposive and snowball sampling technique. Content analysis was used to draw general universal statements in thematic areas with respect to the research objectives. The study revealed that Luo community in Kisumu has a food culture laced with rich cultural practices, rituals and societal norms that defines them as a distinct cultural identity but interacts with other cultural groups in the metropolitan city of Kisumu. Further, the study confirms that indeed food culture is vital for sustainable development of urban centre granted that Kisumu largely evolved as urban centre for exchange of goods for food.</p>

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Omolo, Jonathan W., Moses N. Oginda, and Willis Yuko Oso. "Effect of Recruitment and Selection of Employees on The Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kisumu Municipality, Kenya." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2, no. 3 (August 29, 2012): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i3.2313.

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The study investigated the effect recruitment and election on the performance of SMEs in Kisumu Municipality, Kenya. Kenya has 1.6 million SMEs, constituting 96% of business enterprises, employing 75% of the labour force and contributing 20% to GDP. But their performance has been poor in the last decade. Hence the need to determine the suitable recruitment and selection strategies that could increase their performance. The study found that the overall average performance of SMEs in Kisumu Municipality was 60.71%. There was a significant positive correlation between recruitment and selection, and performance of SMEs at α = .01. The average performance of SMEs with good recruitment and selection was 81.90%; with moderate was 67.94%, with poor was 53.90%. Recruitment and selection account for 40.8% of the total variance in performance of SMEs. The study concludes that recruitment and selection has a significant effect on the performance of SMEs in Kisumu Municipality. Key WordsRecruitment, selection, performance, SMEs, Kisumu, sourcing, attracting, screening

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Obara, Dorine Adhiambo, and Charles Michael Were. "Teachers` level of support in the use of teaching and learning resources of learners who are physically challenged in regular primary Schools in Kisumu West Sub County, Kenya." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.73.7832.

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The Government of Kenya made inclusive education a policy requirement in the provision of education to all children. Research has shown that the support given by teachers plays a very important role in curriculum implementation that ensures success in a child`s career. Education Assessment records in Kisumu county indicate that between the year 2012 and 2016, 846 learners who are physically challenged had been assessed and placed in regular schools in Kisumu West, Kisumu Central and Kisumu East sub-counties, out of which 246 had dropped out of school. However, Learners who are physical challenged often drop out of school more as compared to their regular counterparts particularly in Kisumu West Sub-County. The number of learners who are physically challenged enrolled in regular primary schools has been decreasing due to dropouts despite the fact that officers in Kisumu EARC conducted sensitization programs and workshops yearly for teachers and stakeholders in education. This decrease is confirmed at 138 (31.9%), which is higher as compared to the dropout of neighboring sub-counties namely: Kisumu East 31 (21.8%) and Kisumu Central 77(28.4%). Reason for this high dropout has not been established. The purpose of this study was therefore to establish teachers’ level of support in the use of teaching and learning resources of learners who are physically challenged in regular primary schools in Kisumu West Sub-County and objective of this study therefore was to establish teachers’ level of support in the use of teaching and learning resources of learners who are physically challenged. A conceptual framework was used to show the interaction of dependent and independent variables. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Target population of the study consisted of 15 head teachers, 30 teachers, 6 EARC coordinators and 90 learners who are physically challenged. Saturated sampling technique was used to select 13 head teachers and 4 EARC coordinators, while purposive sampling was used to select 27 teachers and 81 learners who are physically challenged. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules and observation checklist. Face and content validity of instruments was established through expert judgment and revision. Reliability of instruments was established through test-retest method on 10% of study population using Pearson’s product correlation. Reliability coefficient for head teachers questionnaire was 0.8, teachers’ questionnaires was 0.9; Learners who are physically challenged questionnaires was 0.7. This was above the accepted value of 0.7. Correlation coefficient analysis was used to establish teachers’ level of support in the use of teaching and learning resources f learners who are physically challenged. Quantitative data was analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and mean. Qualitative data from interview and observation schedules were collected, organized and categorized into themes and sub-themes, which were reported. Findings of the study indicated that most regular primary schools did not have adequate adapted teaching and learning resources required for learners who are physically challenged. The study recommended that Ministry of Education should ensure adequate supply of adapted teaching and learning resources, Findings of this study would be useful to teachers, EARC coordinators, and Ministry of Education.

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Unseld, Frederik. "Rhythms of the unemployed: making art and making do through spoken word in Kisumu, Kenya." Africa 91, no. 1 (January 2021): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972020000856.

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AbstractYoung people from the low-income settlements in Kenya's third-largest city, Kisumu, struggling with unemployment refer to their efforts to generate a livelihood as ‘hustling’. At the same time, many of them put art (dance, music, poetry) at the centre of their lives. This article attempts to account for the significant popularity of the arts among Kisumu's youth. It understands the ‘way of the artist’ as an alternative interpretation of work and a framework in which people situate their experiences of unemployment, waiting and insecure work. To examine this framework in action, the article follows Janabii, a poet who has been at the centre of attempts to establish a spoken word scene in Kisumu. Janabii has spent several years in limbo, oscillating between glittering performances and a more discreet daily life, marked by functional homelessness and a refusal to surrender to the violence of Kenya's informal world of work. The article contributes to recent studies about hustling by combining an ethnography of a week in Janabii's life with a literary analysis of excerpts from one of his poems, in order to elucidate how his struggles to get by are narrated and stylized through a spoken word, artistic imaginary that interrelates with his everyday life.

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Gutberlet, Jutta, Jaan-Henrik Kain, Belinda Nyakinya, Michael Oloko, Patrik Zapata, and María José Zapata Campos. "Bridging Weak Links of Solid Waste Management in Informal Settlements." Journal of Environment & Development 26, no. 1 (October 5, 2016): 106–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496516672263.

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Many cities in the global South suffer from vast inadequacies and deficiencies in their solid waste management. In the city of Kisumu in Kenya, waste management is fragmented and insufficient with most household waste remaining uncollected. Solid waste enters and leaves public space through an intricate web of connected, mostly informal, actions. This article scrutinizes waste management of informal settlements, based on the case of Kisumu, to identify weak links in waste management chains and find neighborhood responses to bridge these gaps. Systems theory and action net theory support our analysis to understand the actions, actors, and processes associated with waste and its management. We use qualitative data from fieldwork and hands on engagement in waste management in Kisumu. Our main conclusion is that new waste initiatives should build on existing waste management practices already being performed within informal settlements by waste scavengers, waste pickers, waste entrepreneurs, and community-based organizations.

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Masakhwe, Phitalis Were, Kennedy Onkware, and Susan Kilonzo. "A Restrictive Humanitarian Policy and the Wellbeing of the Disabled in Disasters in Kisumu County." International Journal of Disaster Response and Emergency Management 3, no. 2 (July 2020): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdrem.20200701.oa1.

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This paper explores how PWD's well-being is realized in disaster situations in Kisumu County of Kenya. There is a significant population of 15,760 persons with disability across Kisumu County. Their well-being is protected by the international humanitarian policy. At the national level, the well-being of persons with disability is taken care of in the Disability Act 2003 and the National Disability Policy. Despite existence of a humanitarian policy framework, the well-being of the disabled is compromised in disaster situations within Kisumu County. The humanitarian policy framework limits humanitarian action to response, which compromises the well-being of PWD. The study employed semi-structured questionnaire instruments to gather information on humanitarian policies applicable to PWD in disaster context. From the key findings, the study concludes that the international humanitarian policies as well as national humanitarian policies are restrictive in nature. The policy lacks enforcement and implementation mechanisms to support the wellbeing of persons with disability in disasters.

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Onduru, Mathew. "The Kisumu Primary Health Care Project." Waterlines 7, no. 1 (July 1988): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1988.026.

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Weidle, Paul J., Clement Zeh, Amy Martin, Richard Lando, Frank Angira, Joseph Osoga, Paul Ogindo, Sonali Girde, Timothy D. Minniear, and Timothy K. Thomas. "Nelfinavir and Its Active Metabolite, Hydroxy-t-Butylamidenelfinavir (M8), Are Transferred in Small Quantities to Breast Milk and Do Not Reach Biologically Significant Concentrations in Breast-Feeding Infants Whose Mothers Are Taking Nelfinavir." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 11 (August 29, 2011): 5168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05273-11.

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ABSTRACTAntiretroviral drugs cross from maternal plasma to breast milk and from breast milk to the infant in different concentrations. We measured concentrations of nelfinavir and its active metabolite (M8) in maternal plasma and breast milk from women and in dried blood spots collected from their infants at delivery and postnatal weeks 2, 6, 14, and 24 in the Kisumu Breastfeeding Study, Kisumu, Kenya. Nelfinavir-based antiretroviral regimens given to mothers as prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) do not expose the breast-feeding infant to biologically significant concentrations of nelfinavir or M8.

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M. M. Songa, Carolyne, Jared H. O. Ndeda, and Gilbert Ouma. "Statistical Study of Solar Forcing of Total Column Ozone Variation Over Three Cities in Kenya." Applied Physics Research 8, no. 3 (April 30, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/apr.v8n3p77.

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In this study, a statistical analysis between three solar activity indices (SAI) namely; sunspot number (ssn), F10.7 index (sf) and Mg II index (mg) and total column ozone (TCO) time series over three cities in Kenya namely; Nairobi (1.17º S; 36.46º E), Kisumu (0.03º S; 34.45º E) and Mombasa (4.02º S; 39.43º E) for the period 1985 - 2011 are considered. Pearson and cross correlations, linear and multiple regression analyses are performed. All the statistical analyses are based on 95% confidence level. SAI show decreasing trend at significant levels with highest decrease in international sunspot number and least in Mg II index. TCO are highly correlated with each other at (0.936< r < 0.955, p < 0.001). SAI are also highly correlated with each other at (0.941< r < 0.976, p < 0.001) and are significantly positively correlated with TCO over the study period except Mg II index at Kisumu. TCO and SAI have correlations at both long and short lags. At all the cities, F10.7 index has an immediate impact and Mg II index has a delayed impact on TCO. A linear relationship exists between the two variables in all the cities. An increase in TCO of about 2 – 3 % (Nairobi), 1 – 2% (Kisumu) and 3 – 4 % (Mombasa) is attributed to solar activity indices. The multiple correlation coefficients and significant levels obtained show that 3 – 5% of the TCO at Nairobi, Kisumu and Mombasa can be predicted by the SAI.

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Msangi, Grace, Moses I. Olotu, Aneth M. Mahande, Anitha Philbert, Eliningaya J. Kweka, and Aditya Prasad Dash. "The Impact of Insecticide Pre-Exposure on Longevity, Feeding Succession, and Egg Batch Size of Wild Anopheles gambiae s.l." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020 (September 28, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8017187.

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Background. Insecticide resistance among the vector population is the main threat to existing control tools available. The current vector control management options rely on applications of recommended public health insecticides, mainly pyrethroids through long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Regular monitoring of insecticide resistance does not provide information on important factors that affect parasite transmission. Such factors include vector longevity, vector competence, feeding success, and fecundity. This study investigated the impacts of insecticide resistance on longevity, feeding behaviour, and egg batch size of Anopheles gambiae s.l. Method. The larval sampling was conducted in rice fields using a standard dipper (350 ml) and reared to adults in field insectary. A WHO susceptibility test was conducted using standard treated permethrin (0.75%) and deltamethrin (0.05%) papers. The susceptible Kisumu strain was used for reference. Feeding succession and egg batch size were monitored for all survivors and control. Results. The results revealed that mortality rates declined by 52.5 and 59.5% for permethrin and deltamethrin, respectively. The mortality rate for the Kisumu susceptible strain was 100%. The survival rates of wild An. gambiae s.l. was between 24 and 27 days. However, the Kisumu susceptible strain blood meal feeding was significantly higher than resistant colony (t = 2.789, df = 21, P = 0.011 ). Additionally, the susceptible An. gambiae s.s. laid more eggs than the resistant An.gambiae s.l. colony (Χ2 = 1366, df = 1, P ≤ 0.05 ). Conclusion. It can, therefore, be concluded that the wild An. gambiae s.l. had increased longevity, blood feeding, and small egg batch size compared to Kisumu susceptible colonies.

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Judy, Chepkemoi. "Assessment of Uptake of Free Maternity Services among Women Visiting Kisumu East District Hospital, Kisumu County, Kenya." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.04.02.art015.

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Gumbe, Anne, Eleanor McLellan-Lemal, Deborah A. Gust, Sherri L. Pals, Kristen Mahle Gray, Richard Ndivo, Robert T. Chen, Lisa A. Mills, and Timothy K. Thomas. "Correlates of prevalent HIV infection among adults and adolescents in the Kisumu incidence cohort study, Kisumu, Kenya." International Journal of STD & AIDS 26, no. 13 (December 12, 2014): 929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462414563625.

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Obange, Nelson, and George G. Wagah. "Land tenure challenges in Kisumu City, Kenya." Net Journal of Social Sciences 7, no. 4 (October 2019): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/njss.74.19.023.

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Nyilitya, Benjamin, Stephen Mureithi, and Pascal Boeckx. "Tracking Sources and Fate of Groundwater Nitrate in Kisumu City and Kano Plains, Kenya." Water 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020401.

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Groundwater nitrate (NO3−) pollution sources and in situ attenuation were investigated in Kisumu city and Kano plains. Samples from 62 groundwater wells consisting of shallow wells (hand dug, depth <10 m) and boreholes (machine drilled, depth >15 m) were obtained during wet (May–July 2017) and dry (February 2018) seasons and analyzed for physicochemical and isotopic (δ15N-NO3−, δ18O-NO3−, and δ11B) parameters. Groundwater NO3− concentrations ranged from <0.04 to 90.6 mg L−1. Boreholes in Ahero town showed significantly higher NO3− (20.0–70.0 mg L−1) than boreholes in the Kano plains (<10.0 mg L−1). Shallow wells in Kisumu gave significantly higher NO3− (11.4–90.6 mg L−1) than those in the Kano plains (<10.0 mg L−1). About 63% of the boreholes and 75% of the shallow wells exceeded the drinking water WHO threshold for NO3− and NO2− (nitrite) during the study period. Mean δ15N-NO3− values of 14.8‰ ± 7.0‰ and 20.7‰ ± 11.1‰, and δ18O-NO3− values of 10.2‰ ± 5.2‰ and 13.2‰ ± 6.0‰ in wet and dry seasons, respectively, indicated manure and/or sewage as main sources of groundwater NO3−. However, a concurrent enrichment of δ15N and δ18O was observed, especially in the dry season, with a corresponding NO3− decrease, indicating in situ denitrification. In addition, partial nitrification of mostly sewage derived NH4+ appeared to be responsible for increased NO2− concentrations observed in the dry season. Specifically, targeted δ11B data indicated that sewage was the main source of groundwater NO3− pollution in shallow wells within Kisumu informal settlements, boreholes in Ahero, and public institutions in populated neighborhoods of Kano; while manure was the main source of NO3− in boreholes and shallow wells in the Kano and planned estates around Kisumu. Waste-water sanitation systems in the region should be urgently improved to avoid further deterioration of groundwater sources.

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Wamamba, Dominic, Dickens Onyango, Elvis Oyugi, Evalyne Kanyina, Mark Obonyo, Jane Githuku, and James Ransom. "Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Walk-In Blood Donors at Kisumu Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Kisumu County, Kenya, 2015." Laboratory Medicine 48, no. 4 (September 23, 2017): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/lmx059.

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Sibanda, Lesley Kudakwashe, Nelson Obange, and Frankline Otiende Awuor. "Challenges of Solid Waste Management in Kisumu, Kenya." Urban Forum 28, no. 4 (September 23, 2017): 387–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-017-9316-1.

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Akpo, Armand A., Daniel C. Chougourou, Armel Djènontin, Joseph Dossou, Rodrigue Anagonou, and Martin Akogbéto. "Etude De L’efficacité Du Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) De Anacardium Occidentale L. Extrait À Froid Sur Le Contrôle De Anopheles Gambiae S.L Résistant Aux Pyréthrinoïdes." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 24 (August 31, 2017): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n24p249.

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In order to combat the vectors of malaria, it is necessary to know their behavior with regard to the insecticide products envisaged. The present study is aimed at the CNSL efficiency test extracted from the seed hull of Anacardium occidentale L. for the control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. Sensitivity tests were carried out on the larvae of stages 2, 3 and 4 of An. gambiae of the wild and Kis-kdr strains carrying the Kdr gene. The "Kisumu" strain devoid of resistance gene served as a control. The mortalities were read after 24 hours of exposure. LD50 and DL90 were determined using the log-probit method of dose determination corresponding to a proportion. The high LD50 determined is 0.0042 mg / ml and corresponds to the LD50 of the larvae of stage 2 of the wild strain. The low LD50 is determined on stage 2 larvae "Kisumu". The high DL90 is determined on stage 4 larvae of the wild strain. The low LD90 determined corresponds to stage 2 larvae "Kisumu". The comparison of the LD between the different strains shows a low sensitivity to CNSL of the larvae of resistant strains compared to the control strain, indicating the influence of the resistance factor kdr on the CNSL efficiency. However, the low-dose CNSL larvicidal activity on the larvae of the kdr-carrying strains provides an alternative advantage in the management of vector resistance to pyrethroids

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O., Were S,, Miricho M, N., and Maranga V, N. "THE TIPPING CONSEQUENCE ON HOSPITALITY’S RESTAURANT FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE RESPONSIVENESS IN KISUMU COUNTY - KENYA." International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijthr.2020.712.

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Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to investigate the tipping consequence of restaurant food service responsiveness. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive survey approach within Kisumu County in Kenya, with a focus on classified hotel restaurant (dependent). A simple random sampling methodology was applied in the selection of restaurant clients, with a sample size of 384 respondents. Main Findings: According to the study, tipping was found to have an effect on foodservice responsiveness (P ˂ 0.05), and thus a clear indication that foodservice responsiveness is dependent on tipping within classified dependent restaurants in Kisumu County, Kenya. Limitations: The study captured dependent restaurants in star-rated hotels within Kisumu County. Therefore, the results of the study may be applied with caution outside the scope of the study. Social Implications: Since its inception, tipping has been thought of as an incentive towards quality food service provision, hence customer satisfaction and retention. However, tipping has had a negative influence on foodservice responsiveness and therefore a compromise on food service quality, customer satisfaction and retention. Originality: There is insufficient literature on the topic, although with a handful on the relationship between service quality and tipping. This study will, therefore, fill the gap and used as a benchmark for other studies within not only the hospitality industry but the entire service industry. As a result, the study will be utilized both in policy and practice.

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Simiyu, Benard, Steve Oduor, Thomas Rohrlack, Lewis Sitoki, and Rainer Kurmayer. "Microcystin Content in Phytoplankton and in Small Fish from Eutrophic Nyanza Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya." Toxins 10, no. 7 (July 3, 2018): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10070275.

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The human health risks posed by exposure to cyanobacterial toxins such as microcystin (MC) through water and fish consumption remain poorly described. During the last two decades, coastal regions of Lake Victoria such as Nyanza Gulf (Kisumu Bay) have shown severe signs of eutrophication with blooms formed by Microcystis producing MC. In this study, the spatial variability in MC concentration in Kisumu Bay was investigated which was mostly caused by Microcystis buoyancy and wind drifting. Small fish (<6 cm) mainly composed of Rastrineobola argentea were examined for MC content by means of biological methods such as ELISA and protein phosphatase inhibition assay (PPIA) and partly by chemical-analytical methods such as LC-MS/MS. Overall, the MC content in small fish was related to the MC content observed in the seston. When comparing the MC content in the seston in relation to dry weight with the MC content in small fish the latter was found three orders of magnitude decreased. On average, the ELISA-determined MC contents exceeded the PPIA-determined MC contents by a factor of 8.2 ± 0.5 (SE) while the MC contents as determined by LC-MS/MS were close to the detection limit. Using PPIA, the MC content varied from 25–109 (mean 62 ± 7) ng/g fish dry weight in Kisumu Bay vs. 14 ± 0.8 ng MC/g in the more open water of L. Victoria at Rusinga channel. Drying the fish under the sun showed little effect on MC content, although increased humidity might indirectly favor photocatalyzed MC degradation.

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Orende, Marceline A., Daniel O. Onguru, David O. Odongo, and Marion A. Muranda. "Household Socio-Cultural and Economic Predictors of Drug and Substance Abuse among High School Students in Kisumu East Sub County, Kisumu County –Kenya." Global Journal of Health Science 13, no. 2 (January 3, 2021): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v13n2p104.

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PURPOSE: The household socio-cultural and economic predictors of drugs and substance abuse among high school students were investigated in Kisumu East Sub-County, Kisumu County. STUDY AREA DESCRIPTION: The study was conducted in Kisumu East Sub County in Kisumu County within the community set up. The area has approximated total population of 220,997 with an area of 141.6 sq.km density of 1560 per sq.km with a total number of 61,388 households. It is made up of five wards and 12 village units. The area has a total of 33 secondary schools with a total population of 26,000 students out of which 12,800 are males and 13,200 females. Out of 33 schools, 28 are day schools drawing students from the community.  The main economic activities are quarrying, motorcycle ride, small scale businesses and farming. There is high rate of drop out of school among students due to the availability and accessibility of drug and substance abuse in the area as well as the geographical location. There are homes where bhang as well as local brew is sold at affordable cost. METHODS AND/OR TECHNIQUES: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study targeted high school students aged 15-25 years learning within the study area. Sample size of 434 was calculated using Yamane formula and the participants selected through Snow ball, random, cluster and stratified sampling. Demographic characteristics were summarized using tables while inferential statistic done using Chi square, binomial logistic regression and multiple regression. Data collection done through observation and questionnaires. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Parental expectations, psychological disorders or mental problems, family background, leisure activities and festivities, number of siblings in the family, cultural beliefs and practices, birth position of the student, family shock and the need to treat certain ailments were found to be significantly associated with the abuse of drugs and substance (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: Lack of parental/guardian’s supervision and monitoring of the students movements, poor parent-child attachment due to inadequate family time, no communication on the dangers of drugs and substance abuse to students by the parents and high academic expectations by parents/guardians from students are the major contributors of drugs and substance abuse among students.

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Zeh, Clement E., Seth C. Inzaule, Valentine O. Magero, Timothy K. Thomas, Kayla F. Laserson, Clyde E. Hart, and John N. Nkengasong. "Field Experience in Implementing ISO 15189 in Kisumu, Kenya." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 134, no. 3 (September 2010): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/ajcpzirkdus5lk2d.

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Kilonzo, Susan M. "The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community andPeacebuilding in Kisumu District, Kenya." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 6, no. 1 (January 2011): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2011.349039879305.

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Nyabuti Ondimu, Kennedy. "Determinants of perinatal health problems in Kisumu district, Kenya." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 14, no. 5 (September 2001): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005640.

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Obade, MI, P. Andang'o, C. Obonyo, and F. Lusweti. "Aflatoxin Exposure in Pregnant Women in Kisumu County, Kenya." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 3, no. 2 (August 28, 2015): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.3.2.06.

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Svensson, Jonas. "HIV/AIDS and Islamic religious education in Kisumu, Kenya." International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being 2, no. 3 (January 2007): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17482620701362853.

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Achieng, David Omondi, Patrick O. Hayombe, and Stephen G. Agong. "Positioning ecotourism destinations in Kisumu County: Cultural Diversity Perspective." IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering 16, no. 6 (2014): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0661-16631626.

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Syvertsen, Jennifer L., Spala Ohaga, Kawango Agot, Margarita Dimova, Andy Guise, Tim Rhodes, and Karla D. Wagner. "An ethnographic exploration of drug markets in Kisumu, Kenya." International Journal of Drug Policy 30 (April 2016): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.01.001.

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Auerswald, Colette (Coco), Zachary A. Kwena, Jeremiah Hongo Ochieng, and Elizabeth Anne Bukusi. "4. Life Cycle of Street Children in Kisumu, Kenya." Journal of Adolescent Health 50, no. 2 (February 2012): S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.10.029.

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Edward, Uluma, Ndinya Boniface, and Omondi George. "SCINDA-GPS derived TEC depletions and amplitude scintillations over Kisumu, Kenya during selected quiet and storm days of 2013 and 2014." International Journal of Advanced Astronomy 8, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijaa.v8i1.30232.

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Total Electron Content (TEC) depletion and amplitude scintillation (S4) can be derived from, SCINDA-GPS receivers situated in various parts of the equatorial region. In this paper we present results of characterization of TEC depletions and amplitude scintillations over Kisumu, Kenya (Geomagnetic coordinates: 9.64o S, 108.59o E; Geographic coordinates: 0.02o S, 34.6o E) for both selected geomagnetically quiet and geomagnetically disturbed conditions between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2014 using data derived from the Kisumu NovAtel GSV4004B SCINDA-GPS receiver situated at Maseno University. TEC depletions and amplitude scintillations affect Global Positioning System (GPS) signals in the ionosphere as they propagate from the satellite to the receiver. This study aims to investigate day to day variability of TEC depletions and amplitude scintillations over Kisumu, Kenya during both geomagnetically quiet and geomagnetically disturbed days of 2013 and 2014 which was a high solar activity period for Solar Cycle 24. Seasonal variability of TEC depletions and S4 index is also presented. The Receiver Independent Exchange (RINEX) data for the years 2013 and 2014 was retrieved from the Kisumu SCINDA-GPS receiver, processed to obtain Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC), S4 and Universal Time (UT) and fed into MATLAB to generate VTEC and S4 plots against UT for each selected quiet and storm day within the 2013 and 2014 period. The obtained results showed a diurnal variation of TEC where TEC was minimum at pre-sunrise, maximum during daytime and minimum during nighttime. The minimum TEC during pre-sunrise and nighttime was attributed to reduced solar intensity while maximum TEC during daytime is attributed to increased solar intensity. Most of the selected quiet and storm days of the years 2013 and 2014 showed TEC depletions and TEC enhancements corresponding with enhanced amplitude scintillations between 1800UT and 20:00UT. This might be attributed to the rapid rise of the F-layer and the increase in the vertical E x B plasma drift due to the Pre-reversal Enhancement (PRE) of the eastward electric field. Post-midnight TEC depletions and amplitude scintillations were observed for some days and this was attributed to the effect of zonal winds which brought post-midnight enhancement of the E x B drift. The percentage occurrence of amplitude scintillations for the selected quiet and storm days exhibited a seasonal dependence with equinoctial months having higher occurrences than the solstitial months. The higher average S4 index during equinoctial months might be attributed to increased solar intensity resulting from the close alignment of the solar terminator and the geomagnetic meridian.

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Luke, Nancy. "Economic Status, Informal Exchange, and Sexual Risk in Kisumu, Kenya." Economic Development and Cultural Change 56, no. 2 (January 2008): 375–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/522896.

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Juma, Rinnie, James Abila, and John Oluoch. "Electronic Medical Records Software Types in Use within Kisumu County." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 5 (July 31, 2020): 1989–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20may395.

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Electronic Medical Records (EMR) refers to a set of computerized interrelated components that enable data collection, storage, and transformation, aggregate and disseminate information about a patient or a client in a health facility. However, EMR Assessment by Kenya National Aids Control Program (NASCOP) and Division of Health Information System, done earlier identified various EMR systems and other software that are supporting the provision of health care in the country. These software were grouped as; Patient Management Software(e.g.,, C-PADComprehensive Patient Application Data base, OpenMRS-Open Medical Records Software, IQ-CARE and EDPMS), Hospital HMIS Software /ERP Systems, Data Collection and Reporting Software( e.g., C-PAD, OpenMRS, IQ-CARE, EPI-INFO), Data Analysis Software (Kang’a et. al., 2017). This study sought to examine Electronic Medical Records software types in use within Kisumu County. The target population was 525 EMR staff from 7 Sub Counties (clusters) and a sample size of 227 (apportioned to three Sub Counties selected purposively). However, the research intended to reach a sample size of 227 respondents; only 163 out of 227 (72%) questionnaires were received from EMR software users. Data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data using Statistical Package for Social Scientist version 22.0.

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Okach, D. O., and O. Amuka. "Plant Species Diversity along Road Reserve in Kisumu County- Kenya." Ecologia 5, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ecologia.2015.8.21.

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O. Makokha, Anselimo. "Arsenic Levels in the Environment and Foods Around Kisumu, Kenya." Open Environmental Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (July 13, 2012): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874829501205010119.

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IRO ONG'OR, BASIL TITO, and SHU LONG-CANG. "Water Supply Crisis and Mitigation Options in Kisumu City, Kenya." International Journal of Water Resources Development 23, no. 3 (September 2007): 485–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900620701488554.

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G. Wagah, George, Mathenge Mwehe, Nelson Obange, Peris Teyie, and Maria Nystrom. "Land Tenure Systems in Kisumu City; The Formal-Informal Dichotomy." International Journal of Sciences 3, no. 10 (2017): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18483/ijsci.1450.

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Ondenge, K., E. McLellan-Lemal, E. Awuonda, F. Angira, L. A. Mills, and T. Thomas. "Disseminating results: community response and input on Kisumu breastfeeding study." Translational Behavioral Medicine 5, no. 2 (December 16, 2014): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13142-014-0303-y.

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Outa, James Omondi, Chrispin O. Kowenje, Christof Plessl, and Franz Jirsa. "Distribution of arsenic, silver, cadmium, lead and other trace elements in water, sediment and macrophytes in the Kenyan part of Lake Victoria: spatial, temporal and bioindicative aspects." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 2 (November 20, 2019): 1485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06525-9.

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AbstractThis is the first detailed report on the distribution of Ni, As, Sr and Ag in water, sediments and macrophytes from Lake Victoria, complemented with recent data on the heavy metals Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. The study was conducted over an 11-month period at five sites in the Kenyan part of Lake Victoria: four sites in the Winam Gulf influenced by various anthropogenic pressures including a site near Kisumu City, and one in the main lake, perceived to have lesser direct anthropogenic influence. Compared with the main lake site, the water in Winam Gulf had significantly higher values for electrical conductivity and concentrations of dissolved components: organic carbon and bound nitrogen, as well as major and most trace elements. This contamination is also evident in surface sediments, which contained significantly higher levels of Cr, Zn, As, Ag, Cd and Pb compared with the main lake site. The mean levels of Cr, Cu, Zn, Ag and Pb exceeded probable effect levels at least at one of the gulf sites. The sediments at the Kisumu City site were classified as severely polluted with Cu (up to 259 mg/kg dw) and Pb (up to 1188 mg/kg dw). The sediment cores showed significantly higher levels of Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd and Pb in the surface (0–3 cm) versus subsurface (22–25 cm) layer at the Kisumu City site, indicating increasing pollution by these elements within the last 15 years. This is also the first report on trace elements in the emergent water plant Vossia cuspidata and submerged plant Ceratophyllum demersum from this lake. Even though the accumulation of most elements is comparable between C. demersum (whole plant) and V. cuspidata roots, the latter shows a better bioindicative potential. Contamination of the gulf with Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd and Pb is well mirrored in V. cuspidata roots. V. cuspidata strongly restricts the acropetal transport of trace elements, and hence using the shoots as fodder does not pose a risk to livestock.

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Ochieng, James Owek, Ochieng’ Marilyn Ahonobadha, and George Mark Onyango. "Effect of Production Management Skills on the Production Level of ESP Financed Aquaculture Farms in Kisumu West Constituency, Kenya." East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (June 11, 2021): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajab.3.1.341.

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The Kenyan Economic Stimulus Program was developed with an objective to spur regional development. The program targeted the establishment of 200 fish ponds in the selected constituencies in Kenya. Farmers were trained on production management skills and capacity building by the department of fisheries and other institutions sharing similar objectives. In spite of this intervention, there has been a declining trend in the production of fish in Kisumu West Constituency. This study therefore sought to establish if a significant relationship existed between the decline in the performance of aquaculture farms and acquisition of production management skills. The main objective of the study was to establish the effect of farmer production management skills on production levels of the Economic Stimulus Program financed aquaculture farming projects in Kisumu West Constituency, Kisumu County, Kenya. A total of 389 farmers were interviewed. The population of 417 farmers consisted of farmers with different forms of financing including economic stimulus, personal, and Sacco/group loans. A descriptive survey design was employed to collect both quantitative and qualitative data to achieve the objective of the study. Data was collected using guided interview schedules, key informant interviews, observation, and the use of periodicals, publications, and journals for secondary data. Data was summarised using pivot tables analysed using thematic analysis, percentages, mean, frequency distribution, chi-square and Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the variables. The data was then presented using text, tables and graphs. It was established that capacity building and training on technical and post-harvest management skills was not effectively done by the extension officers at the initiation stage of the projects and subsequently during the project implementation. This led to a decline in the performance of farms and a high dropout rate of farmers. As a result, the objective of ESP as far as commercialisation of aquaculture farms was not achieved. The study recommends the development of aquaculture best production management practice and integrated farmer training program across the Constituency.

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ODIERE, MAURICE R., SELPHA OPISA, GLADYS ODHIAMBO, WALTER G. Z. O. JURA, JOHN M. AYISI, DIANA M. S. KARANJA, and PAULINE N. MWINZI. "Geographical distribution of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths among school children in informal settlements in Kisumu City, Western Kenya." Parasitology 138, no. 12 (June 17, 2011): 1569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118201100059x.

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SUMMARYThis cross-sectional study determined the prevalence and distribution of schistosome and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections among 1,308 children aged 10–18 years in 34 primary schools in 8 informal urban settlements in Kisumu City, western Kenya. Stool samples were collected and examined for eggs of Schistosoma mansoni and STH (Hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura) using the Kato-Katz technique. Haematuria was used as a proxy indicator of urinary schistosomiasis. Schools and water bodies were mapped using a geographical information system. Overall, 34% of children were infected with one or more helminth species whereas 16·2% of children were infected with one or more STH species. Schools in closest proximity to Lake Victoria and River Nyamasaria had the highest S. mansoni prevalence while schools with STH were more homogenously distributed. Mean school prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 21% (range=0–69·7%), S. haematobium 3·6% (range=0–12%), hookworms 6·1% (range=0–20%), A. lumbricoides 4·9% (range=0–18·4%), and T. trichiura 7·7% (range=0–18·6%). Helminth-related morbidities were not associated with infection. Our study demonstrates that schistosomiasis and STH are important health priorities among schools in informal settlements of Kisumu City, and highlights the need for routine deworming in similar settings.

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Kisuya, Bramuel, Moses M. Masika, Esto Bahizire, and Julius O. Oyugi. "Seroprevalence of Zika virus in selected regions in Kenya." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 113, no. 12 (October 22, 2019): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz077.

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Abstract Background The Zika virus pandemic in South America in 2015–2016 and the association of Zika virus infection with neurological complications such as microcephaly in newborns distressed the global community. There is limited data on the prevalence of Zika virus in Kenya despite evidence of its circulation in East Africa. This study aimed at assessing the seroprevalence of Zika virus in selected areas in Kenya. Methods Healthy adult human sera originally collected from Nairobi, Eldoret and Kisumu from 2009 to 2014 and archived at the University of Nairobi laboratories were examined for Zika virus antibodies. An IgG-based ELISA was used to screen 577 sera. Any serum tested positive by ELISA was confirmed for Zika virus infection by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Results The seroprevalence of Zika virus in the study population was about 0.2 % (1/577) as confirmed by PRNT. Additionally, three sera that were false positive by ELISA for Zika virus were confirmed as positive for dengue virus by PRNT. Conclusion There was evidence of low previous exposure to Zika virus in the study population. Of the three regions in Kenya where sera for this study were obtained, only Kisumu County had one case of previous exposure to Zika virus.

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Harper, Gary W., Katherine A. Lewis, Gabriella A. Norwitz, Elijah Ochieng Odhiambo, Laura Jadwin-Cakmak, Felix Okutah, Kendall Lauber, et al. "“God Didn’t Make a Mistake in Creating Me”: Intrapersonal Resilience Processes among Gay and Bisexual Male Youth in Kenya." Adolescents 1, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/adolescents1030020.

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Gay and bisexual male youth in Kenya experience human rights violations, including pervasive stigma and discrimination, and these oppressive forces are associated with elevated rates of mental health concerns. Despite these challenges, many gay and bisexual male youth in Kenya are thriving during this critical developmental period. This study explored intrapersonal processes that gay and bisexual male youth in Kisumu, Kenya, highlight as important to developing, and demonstrating resilience in the face of adversity. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 40 gay and bisexual male youth, ages 20–30 (mean = 26.4), and an additional 20 IDIs with gay and bisexual men, ages 22–45 (mean = 26.6), who were working as peer educators (total n = 60), all in Kisumu, Kenya. A total of nine primary themes emerged which describe various intrapersonal resilience processes enacted by gay and bisexual male youth, including sexual identity acceptance, self-confidence, self-love, religious/spiritual affirmation, adaptive coping, successful navigation, legal rights awareness, economic stability, and advocacy satisfaction. These data demonstrate the range of positive personal processes that promote mental health and wellbeing among gay and bisexual male youth in Kenya. We discuss implications of these findings for community-based interventions, and call for a research paradigm shift away from deficits and toward resilience.

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Walukana, George, Shital Maru, Peter Karimi, and Pierre Claver Kayumba. "Effect of Universal Health Coverage on the Availability of Medicines in Public Health Facilities in Kisumu County, in Kenya." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 4, no. 2 (September 10, 2021): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v4i2.6.

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BackgroundStock outs of medicines and unaffordable cost are two major barriers of access to healthcare. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) seeks to ensure that all people have access to quality essential health services without suffering financial hardship.ObjectiveThe main objective of the study was to determine the effect and challenges of UHC program on the availability of medicines in public health facilities in Kisumu County.MethodologyThe study used a Pretest - posttest research design. The study was carried out in twenty-nine health facilities that were selected using stratified random sampling. Data was collected using key informant interviews with a health worker in each facility. Participants also involved four hundred and forty-four patients selected from the chosen facilities using consecutive sampling. Data from patients was collected using researcher administered questionnaires.ResultsThe availability of medicines improved by 3.4% for 20 tracer medicines since the introduction of the pilot UHC in Kisumu County. This was also supported from the patient’s perspective (n= 444; 79.5%). conclusion In spite of this, health workers experienced challenges which included inadequate supply, delays and stock out of some medicines. Other challenges were overworking, shortage of qualified staff and inconsistent supplies. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(2): 269-280

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Kim, Sunkyung, Kathryn Curran, Li Deng, Aloyce Odhiambo, Jared Oremo, Ronald Otieno, Richard Omore, Thomas Handzel, and Robert Quick. "Backpack use as an alternative water transport method in Kisumu, Kenya." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 10, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2020.239.

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Abstract In developing countries, most households transport water from distant sources, placing physical burdens on women and children, who commonly carry water on their heads. A lightweight backpack was developed to alleviate physical stress from water carriage and provide a safe storage container. In 2015, we conducted a baseline survey among 251 Kenyan households with children <5 years old, distributed one backpack per household, and made 6 monthly home visits to ask about backpack use. At baseline, the median reported water collection time was 40 minutes/round trip; 80% of households reported collecting water daily (median 3 times/day). At follow-up visits, respondents reported backpack use to carry water ranged from 4% to 20% in the previous day; reported backpack use for water storage in the previous day ranged from 31% to 67%. Pain from water carriage was reported at 9% of all follow-up visits. The odds of backpack use in the past day to collect water were lower during rainy season (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2–0.3) and not associated with reported pain (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 0.9–3.3). Our study suggests that participants preferred using the backpacks for storage rather than transport of water. Further dissemination of the backpacks is not recommended because of modest use for transport.

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Gust, Deborah, Roman Gvetadze, Melissa Furtado, Mumbi Makanga, Victor Akelo, Kenneth Ondenge, Beatrice Nyagol, and Eleanor McLellan-Lemal. "Factors associated with psychological distress among young women in Kisumu, Kenya." International Journal of Women's Health Volume 9 (May 2017): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s125133.

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Abonda, Fredrick, and Vincent N. Machuki. "Competitive Strategies and Performance of Construction Companies in Kisumu County, Kenya." Journal of Management and Strategy 9, no. 4 (September 11, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v9n4p47.

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Competitive strategy is intended to grant an organization the ability to outperform its rivals and gain market leadership. Research on performance implications of competitive strategies is vast strategic management but without much consensus. This study set out to establish the competitive strategies adopted by construction firms in Kisumu County and to determine their influence on the companies’ performance. Through a cross sectional descriptive survey, data were obtained from a randomly drawn sample of eighty four (84) construction companies using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. The findings of the study indicate that the construction firms adopted cost leadership, product differentiation, growth strategies, and grand strategies. The study reports strong positive correlation between competitive strategies and performance as well as statistically significant influence of competitive strategies on performance. Grand strategies account for a larger variation performance followed by generic and growth strategies respectively. Independently, differentiation strategy accounted for a larger proportion of unit change in performance followed by market penetration, strategic alliances and innovation in that order. Out of the study results, the firms are advised to aggressively adopt a mix of competitive strategies. The study’s findings support the postulations of game theory and the strategic conflicts model as anchoring theories. Arising from the study’s limitations, suggestions for further research have been advanced along different lines.

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Macoloo, Gervase Chris. "Housing the Urban Poor: A Case Study of Kisumu Town, Kenya." Third World Planning Review 10, no. 2 (May 1988): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/twpr.10.2.w4m614042620183p.

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Onyango, George Mark. "Urban public transport in informal settlements: Experiences from Kisumu City, Kenya." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 40, no. 40 (June 1, 2018): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2018-0020.

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AbstractKisumu has had a massive growth of informal settlements forming a belt around the urban core. These settlements house more than half of the city’s population. Because of the unplanned nature of these areas there has been very poor road infrastructure development, with narrow, unpaved roads constituting the road infrastructure. This situation has limited the opportunities for regular urban transport minibuses providing transport for the majority of the urban poor who live in these settlements. The coping mechanism and the development of alternative coping strategies are explored and assessed to see how effective they are in providing public transport for this majority of unserviced urban population.

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Sawe, Caroline, W. Kogi-Makau, GAK Ettyang, and CO Kimamo. "Dietary intake and cognitive development among children in Kisumu county, Kenya." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 20, no. 06 (October 31, 2020): 16585–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.94.19920.

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Varied nutrient-dense and high-quality diet are key to ideal growth and cognitive function in the early years of life. Nutrient deficiency can lead to negative functional effects of the brain and poor cognitive function. High rates of poverty in developing countries predispose children to malnutrition. This study aimed at exploring factors associated with dietary intake and cognitive development among children in Kisumu County, Kenya.This was across-sectional study survey that recruited 192 children aged less than 24 months. Food frequency questionnaire and Bayleys Scale for Infant Development kit was used to collect data.It was revealed that a total of 51% were girls with 30% aged below 6 months. Only 12%had cognitive scores above average. Child cognitive scores were linked with age (p= 0.022), carbohydrate (p=0.021), fat (p=0.011) and iron (p=0.022) intake. Only 34% and 32% of children consumed diets adequate in proteins and iron,respectively. Of children aged above 18 months, only 13% consumed diet adequate in iron. Factors associated with carbohydrate intake included:mother's marital status (p=0.036) and her level of income (p=0.028) while protein intake related to the type of housing (p=0.013). Fat intake was linked with the mother's marital status (p=0.009) and her level of income (p=0.001) while the iron intake was linked to the mother's level of income (p=<0.001) and her educational level (p< 0.001). Vitamin A intake was linked to the ability to pay rent by the household (p=0.016). Further analysis revealed that children whose fathers were earning more than Kenya shillings 3000.00 per month had 0.2 times lower risk of being above average on cognitive scores compared to those whose fathers were earning less than Kenya shillings 3000.00 per month,while those with an inadequate intake of carbohydrate had 8 times more risk of having cognitive scores above average compared to those whose diets were adequate.In conclusion, majority of children consumed diets inadequate in protein and iron while 12% of children had cognitive scores above average. Mother’s marital status, education and income influenced child’s dietary intake while their age groups and father’s income were associated with child's cognitive outcomes.Policies to enhance parental education and income level should be formulated to improve child's dietary and cognitive outcomes.

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Achieng, Elsen, Vincent Otieno, and Joseph Mung'atu. "Modeling the trend of reported malaria cases in Kisumu county, Kenya." F1000Research 9 (June 12, 2020): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.23259.1.

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Background: Although there has been an extensive scale-up of malaria interventions in Kenya, malaria infections persist at unacceptably high levels in some of the regions. Even with renewed calls to eradicate the disease through increased international donor assistance and country-specific government involvement, malaria is still a cause of worry in endemic regions. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of malaria in Kisumu County over time. Methods: The study conducted secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional survey of routinely reported malaria cases. The population of interest were patients confirmed to have malaria by laboratory test. A sample size of 384 was randomly selected from all laboratory-confirmed malaria cases as reported by health facilities in Kisumu County from January 2014 to December 2017. The analysis involved descriptive, trend analysis and time series analysis (ARIMA). A negative binomial regression model was used to measure the effect of each of the selected predictor variables on incidence of malaria and the incidence rate ratio, was reported. Frequency distribution of each of the categorical variables was calculated. Results: The overall pattern of the reported malaria cases had seasonal variations for weekly cases. The best-fitting time series model developed for predicting the number of weekly reported cases of malaria was ARIMA (2, 0, 1). It was observed that the negative binomial was actually the best model to fit the incidences of malaria because the dispersion parameter given by Poisson regression model had been reduced from 70.292 to 1.103. Conclusion: There is a need to encourage health professionals to regularly review and report cases of malaria in their facilities. This is because reporting rates, completeness and the consistency of malaria reported cases remain extremely low.

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Nyambura, M., F. Otieno, R. Ndivo, J. Williamson, S. Pals, L. A. Mills, and D. A. Gust. "Participant Retention In A HIV Prevention Cohort Study In Kisumu, Kenya." Journal of Clinical Research In HIV AIDS And Prevention 1, no. 4 (January 30, 2014): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-13-187.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Kisumu'

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