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1
Nabhany, Ahmed Sheikh. "Mapisi ya Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98033.
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Kiswahili, one among the Bantu languages, was formerly called Kingozi, the Waswahili (as they were called by the visiting Arabs) were originally known as Wangozi. Although Western researchers have manifested great interest in Swahili language and culture, they refuse to consider the arguments of their Swahili counterparts, they do accept but their own evidence and analysis. As far as the development of vocabulary and terminologies are concerned, this should be the work of Waswahili per se, scholars and lovers of the language. The author argues that the coining of word had always been in connection with (1) the function, (2) the sound, and (3) the structure of the item to be named. He shows that the lexical and structural richness of Kiswahili in fact can lead to meaningful and reasonable coining of any words necessary. He proposes to continue the work started after the 1975-meeting in Dar-es-Salaam, i. e. to compile vocabularies of the different dialects of Kiswahili which could form a pool from which material can be drawn for coining new words. There is need for all experts to organize their forces. Tanzanian experts should stop doing the whole work alone. They should incorporate their Kenyan counterparts as well. But this is not enough. There is a call for a joint Panel or Committee which shall coordinate all efforts of developing Kiswahili.
2
Schadeberg, Thilo C. "Rangi za Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-95079.
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Swahili has a larger inventory of (more or less \"basic\") colour terms than most Bantu languages. The aim of this article is to present this colour terminology and to point out semantic, syntactic and morphological divergences. We also look at the etymology of the various colour terms and try to establish a chronology of the growth (and decline?) of Swahili colour terminology.
3
Bertoncini-Zúbovká, Elena. "Kenyan literary Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-92213.
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Until the Eighties the regional character of Kenyan prose writing was far less marked than that of Zanzibari novels. Different was the situation in poetry; in fact, Kimvita and Kiamu have been used even in modern times (see, e.g., Ahmad Nassir Juma Bhalo, Abdilatif Abdalla and Ahmed Sheikh Nabhany; the last one is well-known for his endeavour in enriching and modernizing Swahili terminology, and a few of his proposed terms, e. g. runinga for `television`, have been accepted). Kenyan prose fiction, on the other hand, used to be much alike to the up-country Tanzanian literary production, written as it was in standard Swahili, sometimes with many colloquial features.
4
Lukunku, Mulaba. "Opérations énonciatives et transitivité en kiswahili /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35416097m.
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5
Ngugi, P. M. Y., and P. M. Masau. "Kiswahili Research in Kenyan Universities:." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98085.
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The Department of Linguistics and African Languages, in which Kiswahili is a central subject, was established in the Faculty of Arts at the University College of Nairobi in 1969. Since then, at least five more departments which are devoted to the teaching and study of the Kiswahili language and literature have been established in various Kenyan universities (see below). Most of these departments run post-graduate programmes leading to MA. and PhD - degrees. As a result, considerable research activity related to both the Kiswahili language and literature has been going on. This is evident from the dissertations that have been written and that continue to be written every year.
6
Mrikaria, Steven Elisamia. "Kejeli na fasihi ya Kiswahili - Tanzania." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-90897.
Full textAbstract:
Irony is a widely used device which plays a large role not only in conversation, but also has impacts on our daily thoughts. In literature, the device of irony has been used in the past and it is still being used by writers today so that readers can think deeply on the presented topic and understand the message and the intended concept. Wamitila (2008: 409) finds that irony is among the many devices which facilitate our conversations, mostly with its capability of indirectly revealing our hidden feelings, views and perspectives. According to Mbatiah (2001: 27) irony is a concept used in speech which can cause a painful realization. This article discusses the methodologies and different strategies applied in the use of irony within Kiswahili literature. The main argument within the article is that irony can cause the reader to indirectly recognize a deeper meaning within the text. The basic assertion in this article is to highlight how irony has played a large role within Kiswahili literature before independence, after independence, within the Arusha Declaration, and up until this time of globalizationKejeli ni mbinu pana, ambayo huchukua nafasi kubwa na kutoa mchango wake si katika mazungumzo tu bali pia katika utoaji wa awazo yetu ya kila siku. Katika fasihi, mbinu ya kejeli imetumiwa na inaendelea kutumiwa na waandishi ili kuiwezesha hadhira/wasomaji wafikirie kwa undani suala linaloongelewa ili waweze kupata ujumbe uliokusudiwa kufikishwa kwao. Wamitila (2008: 409) anasema kuwa, kejeli ni mojawapo ya mbinu zinazotawala maongezi yetu hasa kutokana na uwezo wake wa kuficha hisia, maoni na mitazamo yetu sahihi. Kwa maoni ya Mbatiah (2001: 27), kejeli ni maneno yanayotumiwa katika matamshi kama hayo huwa ni ya kuchoma, kukata na kutia uchungu. Makala haya yanajadili kwa kina njia na mbinu mbalimbali zilizotumika katika kutumia kejeli katika fasihi ya Kiswahili. Mbinu inayoongoza makala ni ile inayoitambua kejeli katika hali ambapo kuna kinyume na Fulani katika usemi, hali au tukio. Suala la msingi katika makala haya ni kuonyesha jinsi mbinu ya kejeli ilivyooneshwa katika Kiswahili kuanzia kabla ya uhuru, baada ya uhuru, azimio la Arusha hadi wakati huu wa utandawazi kumeisaidia kwa kiasi gani jamii ya Kitanzania
7
Habwe, John Hamu. "Politeness phenomena: a case of Kiswahili honorifics." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-90916.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses Standard Kiswahili honorifics in Nairobi. It used observation as a means of obtaining data in Nairobi where Standard Kiswahili is also spoken. It points out that honorifics are a chief politeness strategy across many discourse domains; Kiswahili honorifics are conspicuously used and seem easy to learn; honorifics complement other politeness strategies; they are used in both formal and informal encounters. This paper also argues that honorifics in expressing face sav-ing ideals in Kiswahili language have both a social and individual appeal. There is, therefore, a strong suggestion for social face and communal based politeness as opposed to individual polite-ness in Kiswahili. This paper observes that politeness and especially by means of honorifics makes a Kiswahili conversational encounter fruitful. The honorifics also help to define, redefine and sus-tain social strata that are used as a basis of expressing face-saving ideals and politeness in Kiswa-hili and hence contributing to less conflict in interaction and strengthening cohesion in society in question.
8
Ngonyani, Deo. "The morphosyntax of negation in Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91528.
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This paper presents a description of sentential negation in Kiswahili and attempts a partial analysis of sentential negation in Kiswahili within the Principles and Parameters framework, in particular, following Pollock\'s (1989) proposal to split IP into several functional categories including NegP. The main claim is that negation mruking in Kiswahili is an instance of negation projection, NegP. The main evidence for this is found in relative clauses and conditional clauses where negation blocks I -to-C movement. The paper is organized into 5 sections. Basic theoretical assumptions are outlined in Section 1. Section 2 presents a description of the basic facts about four strategies of expressing sentential negation in Kiswahili and highlights problems that the data raise. Section 3 discusses the interaction between negation and relative marker. In Section 4, the location of NegP in IP is proposed. Section 5 presents some general conclusions and summarizes questions for further research.
9
D`Hondt, Sigurd. "Institutionalized identities in informal Kiswahili speech:." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-97780.
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In conversation, participants operate under the condition that they must demonstrate to each other what they assume to be the nature of their talk. This happens on a sequential basis. Every turn in conversation is typically followed by another one, and therefore it is paramount for the second turn in line, for its own intelligibility, to make clear how it relates to the preceding turn. In this way, by tracing the interpretations that are made `available´ by the participants themselves as they assemble their talk, one can obtain a technical specification from within of the procedures conversationalists use for eo-constructing their encounter. This approach to the study of talk and interaction, heavily influenced by Harold Garfinkel´s (1967) ethnomethodological program, became known as Conversation Analysis (CA).
This paper, then, is an attempt to reconceptualize the notion of institutionality in CA. At the same time, because it uses real conversational materials for doing so, it contains a substantive analysis of some of the procedures and situated practices the people in the sample resort to for accomplishing their interaction.
10
Ngonyani, Deogratias. "V-to-I movement in Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-97792.
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In recent years, the Bantu object affix that is commonly known as the object marker (OM) has attracted considerable debate regarding its status in generative grammar. One view takes the OM to be an incorporated pronoun (see for example, Bresnan and Mchombo 1987; Bresnan 1993). Their analysis is based mainly on the contrast between object marking and subject marking. The subject marker (SM), they point out, behaves as an agreement marker while the object marker behaves like a bound pronoun, freeing the noun from word order restrictions, permitting contrastive focus like a bound pronoun, and permitting non-local anaphoric relations. The other view takes OM to be an agreement marker which licenses a null object (see for example, Bergvall 1987; Kinyalolo 1991; Ngonyani 1996).
In this paper I take the second position and, on the basis of Kiswahili constructions in which the lexical object is not realized, I argue that a null object analysis is consistent with VP ellipsis facts, idiom chunks, and co-occurrence between OM and the lexical object. It is consistent with the general analysis of agreement as instantiation of Spec-Head relation (Chomsky 1986a, Kinyalolo 1991). I demonstrate using the elliptical constructions that the verb moves to an Inf-position.
11
Reuster-Jahn, Uta. "Review: the Rosetta Stone Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91843.
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`The Rosetta Stone Language Library` is a language learning software developed by the American company Fairfield Language Technologies which allows users to learn a foreign language with their computer without the aid of an instructor. The program promises its users they can learn a language faster and with more ease than ever before, without having to learn vocabulary or grammatical rules. Once having completed Levels I and II, learners should be able to make themselves understood in the new language using a basic vocabulary of roughly 3000 words. Both these levels are to be completed within a time frame of one to two years, and the results should be the equivalent of five years of conventional school instruction. Since 1993, a Swahili language course has been featured in The Rosetta Stone for which only Level I is currently available. With regard to the Swahili course, it must be asked if this design can work with a class language just as it does with an Indo-European gender language. The second question addresses the cultural adequacy of the contexts, or more specifically, of cultural knowledge, which must not be excluded from modern language instruction.
12
Reynolds, Karl H. "The structure of the Kiswahili nominal /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8404.
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13
Horskainen, Arvi. "Kamusi ya Kiswahili sanifu in test:." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-95127.
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The paper describes a computer system for testing the coherence and adequacy of dictionaries. The system suits also well for retiieving lexical material in context from computerized text archives Results are presented from a series of tests made with Kamusi ya Kiswahlli Sanifu (KKS), a monolingual Swahili dictionary.. The test of the intemal coherence of KKS shows that the text itself contains several hundreds of such words, for which there is no entry in the dictionary. Examples and frequency numbers of the most often occurring words are given The adequacy of KKS was also tested with a corpus of nearly one million words, and it was found out that 1.32% of words in book texts were not recognized by KKS, and with newspaper texts the amount was 2.24% The higher number in newspaper texts is partly due to numerous names occurring in news articles Some statistical results are given on frequencies of wordforms not recognized by KKS The tests shows that although KKS covers the modern vocabulary quite well, there are several ru·eas where the dictionary should be improved The internal coherence is far from satisfactory, and there are more than a thousand such rather common words in prose text which rue not included into KKS The system described in this article is au effective tool for `detecting problems and for retrieving lexical data in context for missing words.
14
Gromova, Nelly V. "Maswali machache ya usanifishaji wa Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-94667.
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This article discusses one particular issue of Swahili standardization. which is, in Kiswahili Sanifu, the correct concordial agreement to be applied to the lexeme -ingine (‘other’)? Should it be treated like an adjective, as ‘classical’ works in Swahili grammar claim as well as current educational books do? How can efforts in favour of standardization comply with the appearance of different variants of concordial agreement?
15
Mohochi, Sangai. "Mielekeo ya wasomi wa Kiswahili na viongozi wa Afrika Mashariki kuhusu lugha ya Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-90536.
Full textAbstract:
Lugha ya Kiswahili imeenea na kukua kiasi cha kuweza kupambana na zingine katika ngazi za kimataifa kwenye mfumo wa sasa wa utandawazi. Hata hivyo, Kiswahili hakiwezi kupata fanaka inayotarajiwa huko nje iwapo hakithaminiwi na kudhaminiwa nyumbani (Afrika Mashariki). Bado lugha ya Kiswahili inakumbana na pingamizi nyingi mno; na miongoni mwa vikwazo hivyo ni mielekeo ya lugha inayobainika katika jamii. Makala hii inajikita zaidi katika mielekeo ya viongozi wa Afrika Mashariki, na wasomi wa Kiswahili kuhusu nafasi na umuhimu wa Kiswahili. Viongozi na wasomi wana ushawishi mkubwa sana kutokana na nafasi yao katika jamii. Wote wanaheshimika na kuenziwa; viongozi kutokana na mamlaka waliyopewa, na wasomi kwa sababu ya maarifa waliyonayo. Kutokana na ukweli huo, tabia na mienendo yao, pamoja na matamko yao mbalimbali yana athari kubwa sana katika jamii. Mara nyingi, watu wengi hupenda kuiga wayafanyayo; hali inayobainika pia katika matumizi ya lugha. Kabla ya kuijadili mielekeo na matumizi yao ya lugha, maswala mawili muhimu yanayochangia ujenzi wa hiyo mielekeo katika jamii yatazungumziwa: thamani ya lugha, na zoezi la kujifunza lugha ya pili.
16
Mrikaria, Steven Elisamia. "Kejeli na fasihi ya Kiswahili - Tanzania." Swahili Forum 17 (2010), S. 104-125, 2010. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A11481.
Full textAbstract:
Irony is a widely used device which plays a large role not only in conversation, but also has impacts on our daily thoughts. In literature, the device of irony has been used in the past and it is still being used by writers today so that readers can think deeply on the presented topic and understand the message and the intended concept. Wamitila (2008: 409) finds that irony is among the many devices which facilitate our conversations, mostly with its capability of indirectly revealing our hidden feelings, views and perspectives. According to Mbatiah (2001: 27) irony is a concept used in speech which can cause a painful realization.
This article discusses the methodologies and different strategies applied in the use of irony within Kiswahili literature. The main argument within the article is that irony can cause the reader to indirectly recognize a deeper meaning within the text. The basic assertion in this article is to highlight how irony has played a large role within Kiswahili literature before independence, after independence, within the Arusha Declaration, and up until this time of globalization.Kejeli ni mbinu pana, ambayo huchukua nafasi kubwa na kutoa mchango wake si katika mazungumzo tu bali pia katika utoaji wa awazo yetu ya kila siku. Katika fasihi, mbinu ya kejeli imetumiwa na inaendelea kutumiwa na waandishi ili kuiwezesha hadhira/wasomaji wafikirie kwa undani suala linaloongelewa ili waweze kupata ujumbe uliokusudiwa kufikishwa kwao. Wamitila (2008: 409) anasema kuwa, kejeli ni mojawapo ya mbinu zinazotawala maongezi yetu hasa kutokana na uwezo wake wa kuficha hisia, maoni na mitazamo yetu sahihi. Kwa maoni ya Mbatiah (2001: 27), kejeli ni maneno yanayotumiwa katika matamshi kama hayo huwa ni ya kuchoma, kukata na kutia uchungu. Makala haya yanajadili kwa kina njia na mbinu mbalimbali zilizotumika katika kutumia kejeli katika fasihi ya Kiswahili. Mbinu inayoongoza makala ni ile inayoitambua kejeli katika hali ambapo kuna kinyume na Fulani katika usemi, hali au tukio. Suala la msingi katika makala haya ni kuonyesha jinsi mbinu ya kejeli ilivyooneshwa katika Kiswahili kuanzia kabla ya uhuru, baada ya uhuru, azimio la Arusha hadi wakati huu wa utandawazi kumeisaidia kwa kiasi gani jamii ya Kitanzania.
17
Lukunku, Mulaba. "Opérations énonciatives et transitivité en kiswahili." Paris, INALCO, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INAL0002.
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18
Kipacha, Ahmad. "Launi za Kiswahili sanifu na Kiswahili fasaha kwa Tanzania Bara na Zanzibar." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-107396.
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Mabaraza na vyombo wenza vya kuendeleza lugha ya Kiswahili kwa upande wa Tanzania Bara na yale ya Tanzania Zanzibar hivi karibuni yameidhinisha kamusi za Kiswahili zinazopelekea kuwa na vielelezo anuwai vya usanifu wa lugha ya Kiswahili. Kamusi ya Kiswahili Sanifu (KKS) ya TUKI (sasa TATAKI) ya 2004 na ile ya Kamusi la Kiswahili Fasaha (KKF) ya BAKIZA ya 2010 ni ushahidi kuwa launi za Kiswahili Sanifu dhidi ya Kiswahili Fasaha zinarasimishwa. Kwa kutumia vigezo vya nadharia ya usanifishaji lugha ya Haugen (1966, 1987), makala haya yanajenga hoja kuwa tayari tumeshapata launi rasmi mbili za Kiswahili. Mapitio ya maandiko rasmi kinzani ya wasomi wa Tanzania bara na yale ya wasomi wa Zanzibar yanathibitisha kukubalika kwa launi hizo. Tahadhari kwa wahariri, walimu wa Kiswahili kama lugha ya kigeni, wanasheria, waandishi wa habari, wafasiri na watumiaji wa kawaida inatolewa juu ya kubainisha waziwazi launi hizo rasmi katika kazi zao za kila siku.
19
Habwe, John Hamu. "Politeness phenomena: a case of Kiswahili honorifics." Swahili Forum 17 (2010), S. 126-142, 2010. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A11483.
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This paper discusses Standard Kiswahili honorifics in Nairobi. It used observation as a means of obtaining data in Nairobi where Standard Kiswahili is also spoken. It points out that honorifics are a chief politeness strategy across many discourse domains; Kiswahili honorifics are conspicuously used and seem easy to learn; honorifics complement other politeness strategies; they are used in both formal and informal encounters. This paper also argues that honorifics in expressing face sav-ing ideals in Kiswahili language have both a social and individual appeal. There is, therefore, a strong suggestion for social face and communal based politeness as opposed to individual polite-ness in Kiswahili. This paper observes that politeness and especially by means of honorifics makes a Kiswahili conversational encounter fruitful. The honorifics also help to define, redefine and sus-tain social strata that are used as a basis of expressing face-saving ideals and politeness in Kiswa-hili and hence contributing to less conflict in interaction and strengthening cohesion in society in question.
20
Okombo, D. Okot, and John Habu Habwe. "Pragmatic strategies in the use of Kiswahili demonstratives." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91112.
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This paper focuses on two spatial Kiswahili demontratives. In Kiswahili, demonstratives have been traditionally treated as morphosyntactic elements that modulate various elements and realize emphatic function. Demonstratives have also been studied as elements that express and facilitate cohesive relations and elements that realize deictic functions in discourse.
In this paper we look at Kiswahili demonstratives as used in the standard Kiswahili language in Nairobi city. We argue that besides the traditionally recognized functions, demonstratives in standard Kiswahili are also used to pass subtle discourse messages which can only be explained by taking into account the pragmatic strategies employed in the use of demonstratives in specific discourse settings.
21
Kihore, Y. M. "Kiswahili Naming of the Days of the Week: What Went Wrong?" Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-97979.
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There are two matters for us to consider.The first is that of the association of Alhamisi with religious connotations and if that is only specific to Kiswahili language (community); and the second is if the borrowing of Alhamisi is linguistically well motivated even for that purpose. For both these matters, we shall be comparing the Kiswahili calendar with that of its neighbours to determine what we think is a discrepancy, especially, with the Kiswahili borrowing of Alhamisi. We shall discuss the issues above and others in this paper as follows. In the following section we shall, briefly, consider the basis of the formulation of some week calendars.This will be followed by the consideration of the week calendars of a number of languages in East Afiica. Lastly, we shall focus specifically on the Kiswahili week calendar; comparing it with the others and drawing our conclusion.
22
Mohochi, Sangai. "Mielekeo ya wasomi wa Kiswahili na viongozi wa Afrika Mashariki kuhusu lugha ya Kiswahili." Swahili Forum 18 (2011), S. 24-36, 2011. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A11464.
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Lugha ya Kiswahili imeenea na kukua kiasi cha kuweza kupambana na zingine katika ngazi za kimataifa kwenye mfumo wa sasa wa utandawazi. Hata hivyo, Kiswahili hakiwezi kupata fanaka inayotarajiwa huko nje iwapo hakithaminiwi na kudhaminiwa nyumbani (Afrika Mashariki). Bado lugha ya Kiswahili inakumbana na pingamizi nyingi mno; na miongoni mwa vikwazo hivyo ni mielekeo ya lugha inayobainika katika jamii. Makala hii inajikita zaidi katika mielekeo ya viongozi wa Afrika Mashariki, na wasomi wa Kiswahili kuhusu nafasi na umuhimu wa Kiswahili. Viongozi na wasomi wana ushawishi mkubwa sana kutokana na nafasi yao katika jamii. Wote wanaheshimika na kuenziwa; viongozi kutokana na mamlaka waliyopewa, na wasomi kwa sababu ya maarifa waliyonayo. Kutokana na ukweli huo, tabia na mienendo yao, pamoja na matamko yao mbalimbali yana athari kubwa sana katika jamii. Mara nyingi, watu wengi hupenda kuiga wayafanyayo; hali inayobainika pia katika matumizi ya lugha. Kabla ya kuijadili mielekeo na matumizi yao ya lugha, maswala mawili muhimu yanayochangia ujenzi wa hiyo mielekeo katika jamii yatazungumziwa: thamani ya lugha, na zoezi la kujifunza lugha ya pili.
23
Caplan, Pat. "Changing Swahili Cultures in a Globalising World: An Approach from Anthropology." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-137420.
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This article considers what might be meant by Swahili cultures and Swahili identities. It regards neither concept as fixed, but as constituting a repertoire from which people choose strategically, depending not only upon location and historical time, but also upon social context. The processes of constituting cultures and identities are part of the making of meaning, a process in which, as will be seen, there are important continuities, ruptures and contradictions. With its attention to detail and its ability to give voice to the local, ethnography plays an important role in understanding the construction of both cultures and identities. In this paper, ethnographic examples are drawn both from my own fieldwork on Mafia Island, Tanzania, begun in 1965, and from the work of other anthropologists and scholars who have carried out research on the East African coast and islands.
24
Sheikh, Sauda. "Yanayoudhi kuyaona mafumbo na vijembe vya Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98006.
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In Swahili language proficiency is measured in terms of a speakers knowledge and use of methali (proverbs), misemo (sayings), mafumbo (riddles) and vijembe (sharp comments). The aim of the paper is to show the different uses of mafumbo and vijembe. Their meanings are at first sight hidden to the addressee, but understood in the context of their use. Mafumbo can be used as teasing, as circumscription for parts of the body of which it is taboo to speak of, as moral reprimands and warnings, and as a secret language between intimate partners or groups of people. Vijembe - `What cuts more than a knive? - the tongue´ - are used on kanga and in newspapers. An important feature of vijembe is that it always asks for an answer, therefore has a strong aspect of competition.
25
Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne. "Kiswahili-speaking Africans in Germany before 1945." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-97817.
Full textAbstract:
The history of Waswahili in Germany before the end of World War II, their life histories and living conditions have not as yet been subject of scientific research. In the period before the colonial occupation of Africa Africans came to Germany in small numbers voluntarily or as victims of violent abduction (Martin 1993). The Germans were interested in the exotic looks of the foreigners, but did not care about their regions of origin. Africa was the unknown black continent, terra incognita, its inhabitants indiscriminately `blacks´ or `negroes´. Their homelands and ethnic or linguistic identities remained obscure, relevant only to a small group of researchers with an early interest in the continent and its peoples. Concerning the so-called Swahili people from Eastern Africa who came to Germany from the colonial period on, one has to keep in mind that until the end of the forties their identities were usually defined by their knowledge of Kiswahili, not by their actual ethnic or linguistic origins. In this article some stories are told about Swahili- speaking people from the former colony of German East Africa, now Tanzania, who came to Germany temporarily or permanently and for different reasons left traces in written records, which help us to reconstruct parts of their biographies.
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Gromova, Nelli V. "Tafsiri mpya za fasihi ya Kirusi katika Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98239.
Full textAbstract:
Sehemu muhimu ya fasihi andishi ya Kiswahili yachukuliwa na fasihi iliyotafsiriwa kutoka lugha za kigeni. Ingawa vitabu vingi vilikuwa vimetafsiriwa na wageni, Waswahili walio maarufu walishugulika vile vile na kazi hiyo ya kufasiri kama wale Shaaban Robert anayehesabika kuwa mwanzilishi wa fasihi ya kisasa ya Kiswahili pamoja na rais wa kwanza wa Tanzania, baba wa taifa Mwalimu Julius Nyerere. Aidha, vitabu vya fasihi ya Kirusi zilianza kutafsiriwa kuanzia miaka ya sabini karne iliyopita. Nia yangu ilikuwa ni kuvuta uangalifu wa watafsiri Waswahili, kuwasaidia waelewe zaidi matini ya Kirusi na kuizingatia kwa makini katika kuendeleza kazi yao ya ufasiri yenye maana kubwa.
27
Ngugi, Pamela M. Y. "Kiswahili: kama kilivyotumika nyakati za vita." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-94697.
Full textAbstract:
Katika kuangalia lugha ya Kiswahili, utaona kuwa uchaguzi wa lugha hii kama lugha ya taifa nchini Kenya na kama lugha ya taifa na lugha rasmi nchini Tanzania unatokana na mambo mengi ya kihistoria, kisiasa, kidini na hata kijamii. Mambo haya yamesaidia katika kukubalika kwa lugha hii na watu wengi katika nchi hizi na nchi nyinginezo ulimwenguni. Makala haya yananuiwa hasa kuangalia namna ambavyo vita mbalimbali vilivyosaidia katika uenezaji na ukuaji wa lugha ya Kiswahili katika ule makabala wa kuangalia historia ya Kiswahili.
28
Onyango, James Ogola. "Masculinities in Kiswahili children's literature in Kenya." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91156.
Full textAbstract:
Children's literature affects the child's socialisation process, including the shaping the gender roles. But despite this, up to now children have featured less in gender scholarship. Against this backround, this paper seeks to critically interrogate the physical, social, economic and political manifestations of masculinities in selected Kiswahili children\'s books from Kenya. By analysing these works, we hope to demonstrate that power and ideological aspects of masculinites are rooted at childhood. Since special attention will be paid to the ideological and power basis of the masculinities, the analysis of the selected works is done in the encompassing prism of Critical Discourse Analysis revealing hegemonic masculinities.
29
Okombo, D. Okot, and John Habu Habwe. "Pragmatic strategies in the use of Kiswahili demonstratives." Swahili Forum 14 (2007), S. 81-88, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A11502.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focuses on two spatial Kiswahili demontratives. In Kiswahili, demonstratives have been traditionally treated as morphosyntactic elements that modulate various elements and realize emphatic function. Demonstratives have also been studied as elements that express and facilitate cohesive relations and elements that realize deictic functions in discourse.
In this paper we look at Kiswahili demonstratives as used in the standard Kiswahili language in Nairobi city. We argue that besides the traditionally recognized functions, demonstratives in standard Kiswahili are also used to pass subtle discourse messages which can only be explained by taking into account the pragmatic strategies employed in the use of demonstratives in specific discourse settings.
30
Mreta, Abet Y., and H. R. T. Muzale. "Nafasi ya Kiswahili katika lugha ya alama ya Tanzania." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-95041.
Full textAbstract:
Sign language in Tanzania is a relatively new field of linguistics that is yet to attract many researchers and linguists in particular Tanzanian Sign Language (TSL) functions as a unifying tool for the deaf in the country and, probably, beyond. This language, which is still at its early stage of development, is used in the same linguistic environment with Kiswahili, the national language, which is more established. The situation leaves TSL disadvantaged and is thus likely to cause a one-way linguistic influence, from Kiswahili to TSL. This paper, therefore, examines the nature and impact of the situation. Firstly, it focuses on the question of whether or not TSL is an independent language that has developed as a seperate language, quite distinct from the spoken languages of the communities that surround it, especially Kiswahili. Secondly, it examines the extent to which Kiswahili has influenced TSL and thus the role that the former plays in learning and developing the latter. The results of the study show that Kiswahili has had some influence on TSL but the influence is marginal at lexical level. Of all the signs studied, only 13% were directly related to Kiswahili. The majority of the signs studied were found to be iconic in nature, but only 12% of all signs were semantically transparent. Even in these cases where the signs are transparent, the transparency of the signs is not based on one`s knowledge of Kiswahili. Most of the transparent signs are common gestures that any person of any ethnic origin can interpret. The study has thus established that TSL is more of a sign language than signed language. It is an indigenous African sign language, unrelated to the Western Sign Languages, except for the manual alphabet. Finally, the study predicts that much of the transperancy and iconicity in TSL will gradually fade away as the language develops across time, space, and generations.
31
Drolc, Ursula Maria. "Asili ya matumizi ya iko katika Kiswahili cha Bara." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-97725.
Full textAbstract:
This paper speculates about the origin of the overall use of the form iko in Inland Swahili. Its functional scope comprises predication, identification, location, existence, and association. In Standard Swahili, the primary function of iko is to express the locative relation of nouns belonging to noun class 4 or 9. For the expression of identification various other means are used. As Inland Swahili is mostly acquired as a second language it will be argued here that the functional expansion of iko might be due to the crosslinguistic influence of the first language. However, first languages, such as Maasai, exhibit a formal distinction between location and predication. A conceptual merger of both functions in the second language is more likely to occur when the first language contains only one obligatory copula expressing both concepts. This obligatory copula can be found in many Indo-European languages, e.g. English or Hindi. Until today Indians speaking Swahili are characterised by the frequent usage of iko, a fact which points to the view that the overall use of iko could be due to substrate influence of Hindi.
32
Msanjila, Yohana P. "Hali ya Kiswahili katika shule za sekondari Tanzania:." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-97711.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this paper is to analyze data that was collected in 2003 and 2004 in order to ascertain the claim made by Kiswahili stakeholders that the status of Kiswahili in secondary schools in Tanzania has dropped. The finding reveal that the number of periods allocated to Kiswahili is fewer than English. Secondly, whenever there is a shortage of Kiswahili teachers, any member of the teaching staff or even non-specialists are called upon to fill the gap. Thirdly, we note that Kiswahili teachers have never had the opportunity to attend any Kiswahili seminar since they graduated from colleges. Fourthly, the Ministry of Education and Culture has issued a circular to schools barring the students from speaking Kiswahili at the school compound to enable them to become proficient in English language. Considering the above findings, this study confirms that the status of Kiswahili in secondary schools in Tanzania has diminished.
33
WaNjogu, John Kiarie. "Ufundishaji wa kiswahili Marekani: maendeleo na changamoto." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98332.
Full textAbstract:
Kiswahili ni mojawapo ya lugha za Kiafrika zinazofundishwa nchini Marekani. Baada ya Vita Baridi kuisha na kuvunjika kwa muungano wa Sovieti, Marekani ilihimiza lugha fulani zifundishwe kwa maslahi ya mahitaji yake ya kiuchumi na usalama. Kutokana na kuanzishwa kwa lugha za Kiafrika katika elimu ya juu, vyuo vinavyofundisha lugha ya Kiswahili Marekani vimeongezaka kufikia zaidi ya hamsini. Katika makala hii tutaelezea ufundishaji wa lugha ya Kiswahili, utayarishaji wa walimu na vifaa, na matatizo yanayokumba ufundishaji wa Kiswahili (na lugha zingine za Kiafrika kwa jumla) kama lugha ya kigeni. Mwisho tutapendekeza njia za kusuluhisha kwa matatizo haya.
34
Odoyo, Okal Benard, Florence Indede, and Mohochi Ernest Sangai. "Uchanganuzi wa hiponimia za vitenzi vya Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-220460.
Full textAbstract:
Hiponimia ni uhusiano wa kifahiwa unaodhihirika baina ya leksimu ya jumla (hipanimu) na mahususi (hiponimu). Kama vile hipanimu mzazi hujumuisha hiponimu baba na mama. Uhusiano huu wa kihiponimia ulidhukuriwa na wanaisimu wa awali kuwa unahusisha leksimu nomino pekee. Hata hivyo, tafiti za hivi punde zinadhihirisha kuwa hiponimia huweza kudhihirika pia miongoni mwa kategoria za vivumishi, vielezi na vitenzi. Ingawa kuna midhihiriko ya hiponimia za vitenzi vya Kiswahili, wataalamu kadha wameelekea kushughulikia hiponimia za nomino na kutotilia maanani vitenzi. Hivyo basi, makala hii imechanganua uhusiano wa kihiponimia unaodhihirika miongoni mwa vitenzi teule vya Kiswahili. Katika kushughulikia suala hili, hipanimu vitenzi 24 kutoka kamusi za Kiswahili zimeteuli¬wa kimakusudi na hiponimu husika kutolewa. Nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Vijenzi kwa mujibu wa Katz na Fodor imezingatiwa katika uchanganuzi wa hiponimia hizi. Katika nadharia hii, sifa bainifu za hiponimu husika huonyeshwa kwa kutumia alama maalum za [+, -]. Data kuhusu hiponimia za vitenzi ilipekuliwa kutoka kamusi za Kiswahili kwa kuzingatia mwelekeo wa kiishara au kisintaksia kwa mujibu wa Hearst, na Snow na wenzake ili kuweza kutambua hipanimu na hiponimu husika katika sentensi. Hiponimia hizi zimechanganuliwa na kuwasilishwa kwa mtindo wa nadharia ya setiHyponymy is a sense relation existing between general lexemes (hypernym) and the specific ones (hyponym). For instance, a hypernym parent includes hyponyms like father and mother. The hyponymy relation was regarded by earlier linguists that it could exist only amongst nouns. However, recent studies indicate that hyponymy can also be manifested in other categories such as adjectives, adverbs and verbs. Though there is hyponymy relation existing amongst Kiswahili verbs, various scho¬lars have tended to focus on nominal hyponymy and disregard verbal hyponymy. Therefore, this article has analyzed the hyponymy relation existing amongst selected Kiswahili verbs. In this regard, 24 verbal hypernyms from Kiswahili dictionaries were purposively sampled and their specific hyponyms indicated. Componential Analysis theory by Katz and Fodor has been used in the analysis of these hyponyms. The theory focuses on distinctive features of specific hyponyms that are normally shown by the use of specific signs [+, -]. The data on verbal hyponymy was observed from the Kiswahili dictionaries by the application of symbolic or syntactic approach propounded by Hearst, and Snow et al in order to identify the hypernyms and specific hyponyms in a sentence. These hyponymy relations are analyzed and presented using the set theory style
35
Ngonyani, Deo. "Vitendawili vya Kiswahili: usambamba wake na dhima yake katika jamii." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98312.
Full textAbstract:
Vitendawili vya Kiswahili, kama vitendawili katika lugha nyingine za Kibantu, na kwa hakika katika lugha nyingine za Kiafrika, ni mafumbo ambayo hutolewa kama kauli au swali linalotaka jibu (Gowlett 1979; Harries 1971, 1976; Okpewho 1992). Vitendawili katika Kiswahili ni sehemu muhimu sana ya michezo ya watoto. Katika jamii ambazo bado zinaishi maisha ya jadi, watoto hukaa pamoja jioni pengine wakiwa na dada zao, kaka zao, na binamu zao wakasimuliana hadithi na kutegana vitendawili. Makala hii inachunguza muundo wa visabiki vya vitendawili vya Kiswahili na kutokana na mchangamano wa muundo tunapendekeza kwamba vitendawili ni njia kuu ya kufundisha watoto ufasaha wa lugha. Ukichunguza usambamba katika vitendawili utaona changamoto kubwa hutolewa kwa mtegaji na wasikilizaji wake kutokana na usambamba ulioko katika sintaksia, fonolojia, kadhalika sitiari. Kama Scheub (2002:124) asemavyo: «Vitendawili ni modeli kwa ajili sanaa za lugha».
36
Ngugi, Pamela M. Y. "Nafasi ya muziki uliopendwa katika fasihi ya kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98110.
Full textAbstract:
Nyimbo, kama tanzu ya fasihi yeyote ile zina majukumu mbalimbali
ambayo hutekeleza katika jamii. Lengo kuu la fasihi ni lile la kuielimisha
na hata kuiburudisha jamii. Ndivyo ilivyo katika nyimbo kwa sababu
kupitia kwazo wanajamii huburudika na kuelimishwa. Ni kwa sababu
hiyo ndipo makala hii inalenga kuangalia nafasi ya nyimbo
zinazopendwa katika fasihi ya Kiswahili. Huu ni utanzu ambao
huwafikia watu wengi katika jamii. Kutokana na kutumia lugha ya
Kiswahili, utanzu huu unaweza kueleweka na Wakenya wengi. Nchini
Kenya, vyombo vya habari vimeipa fasihi hii nafasi kubwa sana na hivyo
basi kuipanua hadhira yake. Hii ni kutokana na sababu kuwa fasihi hii
inathaminiwa sana na wengi na ipewe nafasi kubwa katika vyombo vya
habari hasa katika redio kwa muda mrefu. Ni kutokana na sababu hii
ndipo tunajaribu kuonyesha nafasi yake katika fasihi ya Kiswahili.
37
Onyango, James Ogola. "Masculinities in Kiswahili children's literature in Kenya." Swahili Forum 14 (2007), S. 245-254, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A11506.
Full textAbstract:
Children''s literature affects the child''s socialisation process, including the shaping the gender roles. But despite this, up to now children have featured less in gender scholarship. Against this backround, this paper seeks to critically interrogate the physical, social, economic and political manifestations of masculinities in selected Kiswahili children\''s books from Kenya. By analysing these works, we hope to demonstrate that power and ideological aspects of masculinites are rooted at childhood. Since special attention will be paid to the ideological and power basis of the masculinities, the analysis of the selected works is done in the encompassing prism of Critical Discourse Analysis revealing hegemonic masculinities.
38
Kihore, Yared M. "Masuala ya kisarufi katika magazeti ya mitaani ya kiswahili - Tanzania." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98200.
Full textAbstract:
Baada ya kupitishwa kwa sheria iliyoruhusu kuanzishwa kwa magazeti binafsi mnamo 1992, kumeibuka magazeti mengi ya lugha ya Kiswahili nchini Tanzania yanayochapishwa kila siku. Kundi moja la magazeti ni lile la magazeti yanayojulikana kwa jumla kama `Magazeti ya Mitaani´. Magazeti katika kundi hili yanabeba mada nyingi mbalimbali zinazohusu mambo ya watu mitaani, masuala ya mambo ya kidini mitaani, vichekesho, na mara nyingi yale yanayowasibu wanajamii mitaani mmojammoja au kwa jumla. Nia yetu katika makala haya ni kuchunguza masuala ya kisarufi katika maelezo yanayojitokeza katika `magazeti ya mitaani´.
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Mutembei, Aldin. "Kukitandawazisha Kiswahili kupitia simu za kiganjani: tafakari kuhusu isimujamii." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98395.
Full textAbstract:
Mojawapo ya matokeo ya utandawazi ni kuwapo kwa simu za kiganjani na matumizi yake. Siku hizi nchini Tanzania mawasiliano ya simu yamekuwako kwa wingi kuliko ilivyokuwa tangu wakati wa uhuru hadi katikati ya miaka ya tisini. Lugha ya Kiswahili inayotumika katika simu hizi ni ya kiutandawazi na pengine si rahisi kuiona nje ya wigo huu wa kiutandawazi ambao pia unajumuisha mawasiliano kwa barua pepe, na maongezi katika tovuti. Suala kubwa tunalolijadili katika makala hii ni changamoto zinazoletwa na lugha hii katika Isimujamii, hasa kuchanganya msimbo (lugha) na kubadili misimbo (lugha) (code mixing and code switching). Kwahiyo mwelekeo wa makala hii ni utafiti wa matumizi ya lugha hii tandawazi kwa kuangalia simu za viganjani na athari yake katika nadharia za isimujamii. Madhumuni yetu ni kuangalia matumizi ya lugha ya Kiswahili katika simu za viganjani.
40
Ngesa, Ambrose K., Enock Matundura, and John Kobia. "Mwingilianomatini katika tamthilia za Kiswahili: Mashetani na Kijiba cha Moyo." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-199683.
Full textAbstract:
Tamthilia ya Kiswahili imedhihirisha, kwa njia moja au nyingine, uhusiano wa kimwingilianomatini. Makala haya yanadhamiria kuchunguza viwango na aina za mwingilianomatini baina ya tamthilia mbili za Kiswahili. Tamthilia hizi ni Mashetani (Hussein 1971) na Kijiba cha Moyo (Arege 2009). Tathmini hii inaongozwa na nadharia ya mwingilanomatini. Tumeteua na kuhakiki tamthilia hizi kwa misingi kwamba, kwa muda mrefu, Ebrahim Hussein ameaminika kuwa mmojawapo wa watunzi bora wa tamthilia ya Kiswahili katika eneo la Afrika Mashariki. Wahakiki wa fasihi wanaelekea kukubalia na kwamba Ebrahim Hussein ameathiri watunzi wengi wa baadaye wa tamthilia kimtindo, kimaudhui na usawiri wahusika. Lengo la makala haya ni kujaribu kuonesha jinsi tamthilia za Mashetani na Kijiba cha Moyo zinavyofanana kwa kuchunguza viwango vya mwingilianomatini baina ya tamthilia hizo kwa kurejelea, motifu, maudhui, matumizi ya lugha, na wahusika. Je, ni kwa kiwango gani mtunzi wa Kijiba cha Moyo ameathiriwa na mtunzi wa Mashetani? Je, amemnukuu, kudondoa au kumwiga mtangulizi wake kwa kiwango gani?
41
Sengo, Tigiti Shaaban Yusuf. "Hali ya kutatanisha ya Kiswahili hivi leo Afrika ya Mashariki." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98041.
Full textAbstract:
The essay critically discusses the confusing state of the various Swahili language policies and studies brought forth in the colonial and post-colonial periods and examines the historical factors of the diversity within the Swahili language, which was once confined to the coastal area and later spread to the present area of distribution. The discussion focusses on the construction of Standard Swahili and the status of Swahili in regard to other East African languages. Special criticism is raised against recent East African and other authors, who wrote on the apparent unity of the Swahili language which they see as a result of the modern Tanzanian language policy.
42
Ogechi, Nathan Oyori. "Athari za mabadiliko ya mitaala ya Kiswahili katika uandishi na uchapishaji." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-94943.
Full textAbstract:
The present article attempts to analyse the effects of Kiswahili curricula changes in Kenya on Kiswahili authorship and publishing since 1963. The bottomline of the argument is that any changes on the educational curriculum affecting Kiswahili has a corresponding effect on the way Kiswahili authors and publishers behave. The analysis is divided into several periods marked with the various commissions appointed by the government to investigate and make recommendations on education. Based on the foregoing, the paper shows how the authors and ublishers are compelled to adjust their attitude towards Kiswahili in order to keep abreast with the ever-changing millieu – at one time they cherish Kiswahili while discounting it at another. Finally, it is argued that at present there is a lot of good will towards Kiswahili. This can be enhanced if special incentives such as awarding higher entry salaries to applicants for jobs in the civil service who can fluently express themselves in Kiswahili.
43
Indede, Florence Ngesa. "Mabadiliko katika umbo la ushairi na athari zake katika ushairi wa Kiswahili." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98322.
Full textAbstract:
Mwanadamu amejaribu kwa vyovyote vile kuvumbua na kunyumbua mambo mapya ambayo yataleta mvuto na kupimia akili yake kiubunifu katika hali ya kutaka kutangamana zaidi na binadamu mwenzake au kutaka kuelewa zaidi ulimwengu wake. Ndiposa washairi wengi wa kisasa wanashikilia kwamba ulimwengu unabadilika na hivyo utamaduni wa ushairi lazima ubadilike. Katika wasilisho hili tunajadili mabadiliko haya ya kimaumbo na athari zake katika ushairi wa Kiswahili. Si lengo letu kushawishi msomaji kujiunga na kikundi fulani cha ushairi bali kuangazia hoja mwafaka zinazotokana na mivutano na mikinzano katika mabadiliko haya, na namna mitazamo hii inavyofanikisha maendeleo ya ushairi.
44
Wamitila, Kyallo Wadi. "What`s in a name: towards literary onomastics in Kiswahili literature." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91911.
Full textAbstract:
A mention of name in literature is almost always likely to recall the question Juliet posed to Romeo about his family name Montague in William Shakespeare´s Romeo and Juliet. In reading creative works we tend to identify characters basically by the names given to them. It is on this basic premise that some character analysis methods tend to define characters by taking recourse to their names and sometimes identifying them in metaphorical terms or as speaking names. Names play a very central and important role in any reading exercise and so would certainly the names given to characters be of importance to us. These are linguistic or semiotic signs that play a very crucial role in the overall linguistic structure of a literary text or its signification. Decoding of the names therefore becomes an important critical engagement in as far as it helps the reader in his deciphering of the text in which the names are. Characters´ names, as this article will show, can be used artistically to achieve a number of goals like encoding a central trait in a particular character´s signification, embracing crucial thematic motifs, ideological toning as well as even showing the particular writer´s point of view. Some of these qualities are easily lost in translation.
45
Rwezaura, Bart. "Constraining factors of the adoption of Kiswahili as a language of the law in Tanzania." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-95096.
Full textAbstract:
The political and economic problems of language policy in modern Africa have continued to remind us of the unforgettable historical fact of European colonialism. Today there are two major regions of Africa known as Anglo-phone and Franco-phone Africa. Much as many African leaders would have wished to discard the language of the former colonial power and substitute an indigenous language, this was problematic because in many cases there was not a single widely-spoken local language In some cases any attempt to raise the status of one indigenous language into a national language might have provoked wasteful inter-ethnic conflict.
46
Shumbusho, George N. "Investigating Kiswahili academic literacy : the case of two primary and two secondary schools in Morogoro region, Tanzania /." Thesis, Online access, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/usrfiles/modules/etd/docs/etd_gen8Srv25Nme4_7737_1279663194.pdf.
Full text
47
G, Kiango John. "Nafasi ya Kiswahili katika ujenzi wa jamii mpya ya Afrika Mashariki." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-100820.
Full textAbstract:
Lugha ni chombo muhimu sana cha mawasiliano kilichoundwa na sauti za nasibu za kusemwa na kutumiwa na jamii ya utamaduni fulani. Jinsi ambavyo zipo jamii nyingi za tamaduni mbalimbali duniani, vivyo hivyo ziko lugha mbalimbali zilizoundwa kukidhi haja ya mawasiliano ya tamaduni mbalimbali. Maingiliano ya jamii zenye tamaduni na lugha mbalimbali yanayotokana na mashirikiano katika shughuli za biashara na nyinginezo za kijamii, huzusha haja ya kuwepo kwa lugha moja itakayoweza kuwaungaanisha watu hao wenye tamaduni na lugha mbalimbali. Maingiliano kama hayo yanaweza kuwa katika viwango mbalimbali.
48
Ngesa, Ambrose K., Enock Matundura, and John Kobia. "Mwingilianomatini katika tamthilia za Kiswahili: Mashetani na Kijiba cha Moyo." Swahili Forum 22 (2015), S. 42-71, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14606.
Full textAbstract:
Tamthilia ya Kiswahili imedhihirisha, kwa njia moja au nyingine, uhusiano wa kimwingilianomatini. Makala haya yanadhamiria kuchunguza viwango na aina za mwingilianomatini baina ya tamthilia mbili za Kiswahili. Tamthilia hizi ni Mashetani (Hussein 1971) na Kijiba cha Moyo (Arege 2009). Tathmini hii inaongozwa na nadharia ya mwingilanomatini. Tumeteua na kuhakiki tamthilia hizi kwa misingi kwamba, kwa muda mrefu, Ebrahim Hussein ameaminika kuwa mmojawapo wa watunzi bora wa tamthilia ya Kiswahili katika eneo la Afrika Mashariki. Wahakiki wa fasihi wanaelekea kukubalia na kwamba Ebrahim Hussein ameathiri watunzi wengi wa baadaye wa tamthilia kimtindo, kimaudhui na usawiri wahusika. Lengo la makala haya ni kujaribu kuonesha jinsi tamthilia za Mashetani na Kijiba cha Moyo zinavyofanana kwa kuchunguza viwango vya mwingilianomatini baina ya tamthilia hizo kwa kurejelea, motifu, maudhui, matumizi ya lugha, na wahusika. Je, ni kwa kiwango gani mtunzi wa Kijiba cha Moyo ameathiriwa na mtunzi wa Mashetani? Je, amemnukuu, kudondoa au kumwiga mtangulizi wake kwa kiwango gani?
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Mekacha, Rugatiri D. K. "The sociolinguistic impact of Kiswahili on ethnic community languages in Tanzania : a case study of Ekinata /." [Bayreuth] : [E. Breitinger], 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37433232j.
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Ogechi, Nathan Oyori. "Publishing in Kiswahili and indigenous languages for enhanced adult literacy in Kenya." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91659.
Full textAbstract:
This paper argues a case for the preparation of reading materials in Kiswahili and other African languages in order to enhance adult education in Kenya. Adult education clientele are defined as those aged over 15 who (a) were either never enrolled in primary schools or dropped out before completing and (b) `graduated` and currently participate in community extension services. Cognisance of mothertongues as the best languages to begin basic literacy is taken. However, since the literacy so acquired should be useful to the individual at both local and national levels, one needs Kiswahili for wider communication. Therefore, reading materials, especially for post literacy and adult literacy teacher training should be in Kiswahili. This will not only guard against relapsing to illiteracy and misinformation but will also alleviate the scarcity of reading materials in the face of hard economic times in Kenya.