Relevant bibliographies by topics / Kjeldahl method

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Academic literature on the topic 'Kjeldahl method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Kjeldahl method"

1

Miller, Eric L., Anthony P. Bimbo, Stuart M. Barlow, Berni SHeridan, L. B. W. Burks, T. Barrins, M. Bassompierre, et al. "Repeatability and Reproducibility of Determination of the Nitrogen Content of Fishmeal by the Combustion (Dumas) Method and Comparison with the Kjeldahl Method: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 90, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.1.6.

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Abstract Ten fishmeal samples (hidden duplicates of 4 meals plus 2 high-protein meals as a Youden pair), tryptophan, and nicotinic acid were analyzed by 18 laboratories using the Dumas method. Thirteen of the laboratories also analyzed the same 12 samples using their current Kjeldahl method. Recoveries (± sR) of tryptophan and nicotinic acid were 99.3 ± 1.04 and 98.8 ± 2.11 by Dumas and 97.1 ± 3.03 and 74.6 ± 26.76 by Kjeldahl. The Dumas method gave significantly greater values (P < 0.001) than the Kjeldahl method. For fishmeals, Kjeldahl N 0.989 of Dumas N (P < 0.001). A similar proportionate difference (0.984 of Dumas N) was observed with tryptophan. Most laboratories failed to determine nicotinic acid correctly by Kjeldahl. For fishmeals, the relative standard deviations for repeatability and reproducibility were for Dumas 1.48 and 2.01% and Kjeldahl 1.62 and 2.37%, respectively. A single analysis conducted in 2 laboratories should not differ by more than 5.63% of the mean value when measured by Dumas or by more than 6.64% by Kjeldahl. It is concluded that with fishmeal, Dumas gives a more reliable measure of organic nitrogen than Kjeldahl, and, therefore, Dumas should be the method of choice.
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Lynch, Joanna M., and David M. Barbano. "Kjeldahl Nitrogen Analysis as a Reference Method for Protein Determination in Dairy Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 6 (November 1, 1999): 1389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.6.1389.

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Abstract Measurement of total nitrogen by Kjeldahl analysis is the historical reference method for determination of the protein content of dairy products and is used for both calibration and validation of alternative methods for protein determination. Accurate evaluation of alternative methods is not possible if there is large uncertainty regarding the reference values. When Kjeldahl analysis is used to establish reference values, the performance of the Kjeldahl testing must be verified and within established expectations. Advice is given for Kjeldahl system optimization, evaluation of test results, and troubleshooting. Techniques for successful Kjeldahl nitrogen analysis of dairy products other than milk are discussed.
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Hach, Clifford C., Brian K. Bowden, Alan B. Kopelove, and Scott V. Brayton. "More Powerful Peroxide Kjeldahl Digestion Method." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 5 (September 1, 1987): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.5.783.

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Abstract Enhanced ammonia recovery and a simplified method are described for a rapid Kjeldahl digestion using sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide as the sole digestion reagents. This micro procedure uses a Vigreux fractionating head fitted to a 100 mL volumetric flask and a hot plate with a solid-state controller. Continuous-flow peroxide addition is controlled by a capillary funnel, and fumes are evacuated through a side-arm vent leading to a water aspirator. Complete recovery of nitrogen from the refractory compound, nicotinic acid, is obtained with less than 10 min digestion. The described method reduces digestion time by 25-50% over the open-manifold peroxy method. A digestibility index (DI), scaled 0-10, establishes the difficulty of digestion for each sample and assigns values to compounds. A useful tool for determining the minimal amount of reagent and digestion time required, the DI assigns zero for compounds not needing digestion and 10 for nicotinic acid. Digested samples obtained from the described method are suitable for direct colorimetric analysis of many elements in addition to Kjeldahl nitrogen. Distillation of the digested sample is not required
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Tate, Donald F. "Determination of Nitrogen in Fertilizer by Combustion: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 77, no. 4 (July 1, 1994): 829–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/77.4.829.

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Abstract Fourteen laboratories participated in a collaborative study to compare abilities of AOAC modified copper catalyst Kjeldahl method, 978.02, and the generic combustion method, 990.03, to analyze the nitrogen content of fertilizer materials. Combustion analyses are more time efficient, more accurate, and less hazardous than Kjeldahl analyses. There were 3 different types of instrumentation involved in the collaborative study: (1) Leco FP-428 Nitrogen Determinator; (2) Perkin-Elmer 2410 Series II Nitrogen Analyzer; (3) Carlo-Erba 1500 Series II Nitrogen Analyzer. Thirty samples of fertilizer containing 1–67% N included 2 ACS grade standard materials: ammonium nitrate, theory 35.00% N; and dicyandiamide, theory 66.64% N. A diammonium phosphate and urea mixture (3 + 1 ; 1.0 mm grind) and 2 ACS grade standard materials of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate were supplied for repetitive combustion analyses. Overall method performance of the combustion method was at least as good as the modified Kjeldahl method. Repeatability standard deviation (Sr) values for the combustion method ranged from 0.09 to 0.34 vs the modified Kjeldahl method range of 0.06–0.49; reproducibility standard deviation (SR) values for the combustion method ranged from 0.13 to 1.07 vs the range of 0.09–3.57 for the modified Kjeldahl method. The grand mean was 20.78% for the combustion method, and 20.79% for the modified Kjeldahl method using various fertilizers. The average ranges of sr and SR for the methods were, respectively, 0.17 and 0.29 for the combustion method, and 0.19 and 0.54 for the modified Kjeldahl method. The method was adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Qi, Ning Li, Pu Wang Li, Xian Hai Zeng, Hong Hai Huang, Zi Ming Yang, and Xiao Gong. "Comparison of Kjeldahl and the Elemental Analysis Methods for Determination of Nitrogen Content in Raw Natural Rubber." Advanced Materials Research 815 (October 2013): 722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.722.

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The nitrogen in raw natural rubber is mainly derived from crude protein of latex. In this study, the nitrogen content of six kinds of raw natural rubber was analyzed for evaluating Kjeldahl and elemental analysis methods. The nitrogen content ranged from 0.43% to 0.66% for Kjeldahl methods and from 0.45% to 0.75% for elemental analysis method. There was no significant difference between the two methods. The coefficient of variation was below 1%. The data of nitrogen content showed a simple linear correlation (r=0.9937) between the two methods. It was concluded that the elemental analysis method could replace Kjeldahl method in nitrogen analysis of raw natural rubber.
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Marcia King, Brink, Sebranek Joseph G., C. Anthony, P. Coleman, B. Cottingham, R. Culmo, R. Curtis, et al. "Combustion Method for Determination of Crude Protein in Meat and Meat Products: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 4 (July 1, 1993): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.4.787.

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Abstract Twelve laboratories participated in a collaborative study to compare a combustion method with the AOAC mercury catalyst Kjeldahl method (928.08) for the determination of crude protein in meat and meat products. Three different combustion instruments were used; consequently, the combustion method for this study is written in generic terms describing the principle, the apparatus specifications, and the performance requirements needed. Fifteen sample pairs were used for the study; each pair consisted of the same commercial meat product from each of 2 different manufacturers. Protein content of all samples ranged from about 10 to 20%. In addition, nicotinic acid and lysine monohydrochloride were used as standards to assess combustion equipment performance. All laboratories and all instruments performed the combustion method satisfactorily on the basis of results for the standards. For the meat samples, repeatability standard deviations (sr) ranged from 0.11 to 0.40 for the Kjeldahl method and from 0.12 to 0.41 for the combustion method; the repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) ranged from 0.82 to 2.41% and from 0.60 to 2.23% for the Kjeldahl and combustion methods, respectively. Reproducibility standard deviations (SR) ranged from 0.20 to 0.49 for the Kjeldahl method and from 0.18 to 0.46 for the combustion method, whereas the reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) ranged from 1.59 to 2.84% for the Kjeldahl method and from 1.32 to 3.35% for the combustion method. Overall grand means were 15.59% protein for the Kjeldahl method and 15.75% protein for the combustion method. The combustion method was adopted first action by AOAC International.
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Khanizadeh, Shahrokh, Deborah Buszard, and Constantinos G. Zarkadas. "Comparison of Three Methods for Calculating Protein Content in Developing Apple Flower Buds." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 75, no. 4 (July 1, 1992): 734–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/75.4.734.

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Abstract Three methods (Kjeldahl, sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide, and summation of amino acid content) for determining and calculating the protein content of apple flower buds were compared. Quantitation of protein content based on summation of amino acids appears to be the most accurate method. A new nitrogen:protein conversion factor (5.51) was calculated based on total amino acid analysis. This new conversion factor could replace the conventional 6.25 factor for estimating total protein content of apple flower bud by the Kjeldahl method. However, Kjeldahl is not an accurate method for estimating protein content in apple flower bud tissue, regardless of the conversion factor, and probably would not be a good method for estimation of protein in other plant species.
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Sachen, Robert W., and Nancy J. Thiex. "Effect of Sample Introduction and Atmospheric Blank on Determination of Nitrogen (Crude Protein) by Combustion." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 80, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/80.1.14.

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Abstract To reduce analysis time, reagent use, and chemical waste, existing Kjeldahl methods for crude protein were converted to combustion methods. When validating the combustion method for various samples, a high bias for the combustion method compared with the Kjeldahl method was apparent for high-fiber samples. The bias was sample dependent, varying from 0.15 to 1.38% crude protein for hay and corn silage samples. The bias was repeatable among 3 laboratories using identical instruments. Studies showed the bias was related to uncorrected atmospheric blanks. Various means to correct for the blank were studied, including pelleting of sample under high pressures to remove atmospheric nitrogen. Pelleting samples at a pressure of >1000 lbs provides combustion crude protein values consistent with Kjeldahl values.
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Hach, Clifford C., Scott V. Brayton, and Alan B. Kopelove. "A powerful Kjeldahl nitrogen method using peroxymonosulfuric acid." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 33, no. 6 (November 1985): 1117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00066a025.

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Anglov, T., I. M. Petersen, and J. Kristiansen. "Uncertainty of nitrogen determination by the Kjeldahl method." Accreditation and Quality Assurance 4, no. 12 (December 2, 1999): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007690050423.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kjeldahl method"

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Michalec, Adam. "Studium vlivu způsobu chovu slepic na obsah vybraných chemických složek vajec." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376839.

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This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of egg yolks and egg whites from chickens raised with different breeding methods in the Czech Republic using three analytical methods. The Kjeldahl method was used to determine the proteins, the Soxhlet method was used to determine the lipids and ICP-OES was used for elemental analysis. The theoretical part describes the history of chicken breeding, marking and distribution of eggs and composition of eggs based on various aspects. The main point was the separation of egg yolk and egg white and the subsequent description on the chemical and physiological level. Principle of used methods is also described. The experimental part deals with the preparation of samples, calibration samples and process analysis. All the results of analysed substances are summarized, statistically evaluated and compared with the other literature. For this analysis were used eleven different types of eggs from the Czech Republic from six different categories.
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Fähnrichová, Nikola. "Analýza vybraných odrůd českého česneku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376830.

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This master thesis deals with analysis of Czech garlic varieties in comparison with two varieties from abroad. Alliin and carbohydrates were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector or evaporative light scattering detector. Crude proteins were calculated from total content of nitrogen that was determinated by Kjeldahl method. Elementary analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. In theoretical part of this thesis is describes botanical characterization and cultivation of garlic, chemical composition of garlic, especially groups of substances which were analysed in this thesis. Principle of used methods is described too. The experimental part of this work deals with sample and calibration solution preparation and process of analysis. Obtained results from analysed substances are summarized in the tables, discussed and compared with results of analysis of other authors. Between Czech and Spanish/Chinese garlic are slight differences. Garlics contain 24,66 g/kg dry weight of alliin. Content of crude proteins in Czech garlic is comparable to Chinese garlic but the Spanish garlic has just half of amount crude proteins. Elementary analysis also includes significant differences. Czech varieties contain higher amount of phosphorus, iron and zinc. On the contrary, content of potassium in foreign garlic is higher than in Czech Republic and the analysed amount is 15 g/kg dry weight.
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Pavlechová, Alžbeta. "Elementární analýza sýrů s bílou plísní na povrchu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376834.

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This Master's thesis deals with elementary analysis of cheeses with white mold on the surface. Theoretical part describes general characteristics of cheese, classification of cheeses, their nutritional aspects and characteristics of cheeses with white mold on the surface. Large part is focused on description of mineral substances selected for analysis. At the end of the theoretical part, the Kjeldahl method and emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES) were described. Experimental part deals with preparation of samples, approach of analysis and processing of measured results. Eleven samples of cheeses were used for analysis. These samples were from Czech Republic, France and Slovak Republic. Kjeldahl method was used to determine protein contents and ICP-OES was used for elemental analysis. The results were compared to each other and also with results from other studies. Subsequently, they were statistically processed and evaluated in the final part.
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Books on the topic "Kjeldahl method"

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Patton, Charles J. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of the total phosphorus by a Kjeldahl digestion method and an automated colorimetric finish that includes dialysis. Denver, Colo: U.S. Geological Survey, 1992.

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Patton, Charles J. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of ammonium plus organic nitrogen by a Kjeldahl digestion method and an automated photometric finish that includes digest cleanup by gas diffusion. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.

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Patton, Charles J. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Patton, Charles J. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Jones, J. Benton. Kjeldahl Method for Nitrogen Determination (N Determination). Micro Macro Intl, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kjeldahl method"

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Anglov, Thomas, Inge M. Petersen, and Jesper Kristiansen. "Uncertainty of nitrogen determination by the Kjeldahl method." In Measurement Uncertainty in Chemical Analysis, 273–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05173-3_49.

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Arndt, T. "Kjeldahl-Methode." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1345–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_1693.

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Arndt, T. "Kjeldahl-Methode." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_1693-1.

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Technical, AACC. "Crude Protein--Micro-Kjeldahl Method." In AACC International Approved Methods. AACC International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/aaccintmethod-46-13.01.

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Technical, AACC. "Crude Protein--Improved Kjeldahl Method." In AACC International Approved Methods. AACC International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/aaccintmethod-46-10.01.

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Technical, AACC. "Crude Protein--Kjeldahl Method, Boric Acid Modification." In AACC International Approved Methods. AACC International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/aaccintmethod-46-12.01.

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Technical, AACC. "Crude Protein--Improved Kjeldahl Method, Copper Catalyst Modification." In AACC International Approved Methods. AACC International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/aaccintmethod-46-11.02.

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"Kjeldahl Method, Quantitative Amino Acid Analysis And Combustion Analysis." In Food Protein Analysis. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203910580.ch1.

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Technical, AACC. "Crude Protein--Improved Kjeldahl Method, Copper-Titanium Dioxide Catalyst Modification." In AACC International Approved Methods. AACC International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/aaccintmethod-46-16.01.

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O'Dell, James W. "DETERMINATION OF TOTAL KJELDAHL NITROGEN BY SEMI-AUTOMATED COLORIMETR." In Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples, 449–63. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-8155-1398-8.50025-2.

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Reports on the topic "Kjeldahl method"

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Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory : evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri034174.

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