Relevant bibliographies by topics / Knee function

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Knee function'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Knee function"

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Razu, Swithin, Keiichi Kuroki, James Cook, and Trent Guess. "Function of the Anterior Intermeniscal Ligament." Journal of Knee Surgery 31, no. 01 (March 29, 2017): 068–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1600089.

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AbstractThe function and importance of the anterior intermeniscal ligament (AIML) of the knee are not fully known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical and sensorimotor function of the AIML. Computational analysis was used to assess AIML and tibiomeniscofemoral biomechanics under combined translational and rotational loading applied during dynamic knee flexion–extension. Histologic and immunohistochemical examination was used to identify and characterize neural elements in the tissue. The computational models were created from anatomy and passive motion of two female subjects and histologic examinations were conducted on AIMLs retrieved from 10 fresh-frozen cadaveric knees. It was found that AIML strain increased with compressive knee loading and that external rotation of the tibia unloads the AIML, suppressing the relationship between AIML strain and compressive knee loads. Extensive neural elements were located throughout the AIML tissue and these elements were distributed across the three AIML anatomical types. The AIMLs have a beneficial influence on knee biomechanics with decreased meniscal load sharing with AIML loss. The AIML plays a significant biomechanical and neurologic role in the sensorimotor functions of the knee. The major role for the AIML may primarily involve its neurologic function.
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Wilding, Christopher P., Martyn Snow, and Lee Jeys. "Which factors affect the ability to kneel following total knee arthroplasty? An outpatient study of 100 postoperative knee replacements." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 230949901988551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499019885510.

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Background: Kneeling is an important activity of daily living, holding social, religious and occupational value. Following total knee replacement (TKR), many patients report they are unable to kneel or have been advised not to kneel. Methods: We observed 100 consecutive knee replacements in 79 patients attending outpatient clinic at a minimum 5 months post-TKR. The patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire detailing whether they were able to kneel prior to their knee replacement and whether they thought they were able to kneel since their knee replacement. The patients were then asked to kneel on a padded examination couch and then onto a pillow on the floor for 15 s. Degree of flexion achievable was also recorded. Results: Of the knees with patella resurfacing, 78.6% were able to kneel compared to only 45.6% knees with native patellae. Two-tailed Fisher’s exact test showed this difference to be statistically significant ( p = 0.001). The χ 2 analysis showed that those patients with an achievable flexion of angle of greater than 100° were significantly more likely to be able to kneel than those with a flexion angle of less than 100° ( p = 0.0148). Comparing posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) retaining against PCL sacrificing implants, there was no statistically significant difference in kneeling ability ( p = 0.541). Conclusion: Kneeling remains an important function in patients undergoing TKR, with patella resurfacing significantly improving the likelihood of a patient being able to kneel.
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&NA;. "Knee Function???Rasmussen." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 20, Supplement (September 2006): S88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005131-200609001-00017.

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Andrysek, Jan, Susan Klejman, Ricardo Torres-Moreno, Winfried Heim, Bryan Steinnagel, and Shane Glasford. "Mobility function of a prosthetic knee joint with an automatic stance phase lock." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 35, no. 2 (June 2011): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364611408495.

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Background: There is a need for a prosthetic knee joint design that is technologically and functionally appropriate for use in developing countries.Objectives: To develop and clinically evaluate a new type of stance phase controlled prosthetic knee joint that provides stance phase stability without inhibiting swing phase flexion.Study design: A crossover repeated measures study design comparing the new knee joint to the participant's conventional low- or high-end prosthetic knee joint.Methods: The new knee joint was fitted to fourteen individuals aged 15 to 67 years with unilateral lower limb amputations. Walk tests were performed to measure walking speed. Energy expenditure was estimated using the physiological cost index (PCI).Results: Walking speeds with the new knee joint were on average 0.14 m/s faster than conventional low-end knees ( p < 0.0001), but 0.07 m/s slower than conventional high-end prosthetic knees ( p = 0.008). The PCI was similar across all three knee joint technologies ( p = 0.276).Conclusions: Mobility function with the new knee joint, in terms of walking speed, was more closely matched to high-end than low-end prosthetic knee joints. Therefore, given its relatively simple design, the new stance phase control mechanism may offer a functional and cost effective solution for active transfemoral amputees.Clinical relevance This paper describes a new type of prosthetic knee joint mechanism that is intended to be cost-effective while providing high-level stance phase function to active individuals with a transfemoral amputation. Initial clinical testing suggests that the new knee joint may have some functional advantages over existing technologies in this category.
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Matsumoto, Kazu, Hiroyasu Ogawa, Hiroki Yoshioka, and Haruhiko Akiyama. "Differences in patient-reported outcomes between medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy and total knee arthroplasty." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 230949901989563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499019895636.

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Purpose: To compare patient subjective satisfaction between medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: This study enrolled 110 knees, including comprising 49 knees in the HTO group, and 61 knees in the TKA group. We assessed the overall satisfaction using a three-point questionnaire. The satisfaction questionnaire included three questions: (1) How satisfied are you with the results of your knee surgery? (2) How satisfied are you with your most recent knee surgery for reducing your pain? and (3) How satisfied are you with your most recent knee surgery for improving your ability to perform functions? Furthermore, we assessed knee pain and function by using the Knee Society Function Score (KSS) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) systems. Results: Overall, 93.8% of patients from the HTO group and 95.1% from the TKA group indicated subjective satisfaction (very satisfied and satisfied) with their surgeries. For pain relief, the HTO group showed significantly better outcomes for overall satisfaction ( p = 0.04 in walking on a flat surface and p = 0.02 in going upstairs or downstairs). For restored function, the HTO group scored significantly better on ascending stairs than the TKA group ( p = 0.007). Functional outcomes using the KSS scoring system did not show significant differences between the two groups. The KOOS pain score was significantly higher in the TKA group (89.9 ± 6.4) than in the HTO group (80.3 ± 12.5). Conclusion: HTO and TKA have comparable outcomes with respect to overall patient satisfaction. Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic case series.
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Schumpe, G., M. Schuhmacher, K. Lehmacher, J. Oldenburg, P. Berdel, and A. Seuser. "Haemophilia and knee function." Hämostaseologie 29, S 01 (2009): S69—S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1621612.

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SummaryWith early prophylactic treatment our haemophilic children grow up in good health. Nevertheless, we cannot prevent every bleeding. Those bleedings may be just subclinical but they could lead to overloading of the knee and more and more of the ankle joint in the long term. Motion analysis can help to understand this process and prevent it. A comparison of the gait function of haemophilic and healthy children of the age 3–18 years showed distinct functional differences especially in the youngest age group (3–6 years). Apparently, the coordination skill gait rhythm was significantly worse in the heamophilic group. All measured functional deficits can be treated with physiotherapy. Possible reasons for these early functional differences are overprotection and/or early subclinical bleedings.
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Chillakuru, Cherith Reddy, N. Jambu, and Akshay Deepak. "A comparison of the proprioception of osteoarthritic knees and post total knee arthroplasty." International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics 3, no. 4 (June 23, 2017): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20172525.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Proprioception of the knee joint is an important factor for establishing balance, and smooth walking. The effect of arthroplasty on proprioception can be a determinant of post-operative function and subjective feeling of the arthroplasty. We wished to check the status of osteoarthritic knees and how their proprioceptive function is, in comparison to knees post total knee replacement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We compared 80 unilateral knee replacement patients with their osteoarthritic counterpart in the opposite knee. There was 50% Cruciate Retaining (n =40), Posterior Stabilized 50% (n =40). We assessed the proprioception using threshold to detection of passive motion and conscious awareness of passive joint position.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 73.8% (n =59) of patients experienced a better joint position sense, 21% (n =17) had decreased joint position sense and 5% (n =4) had the same, when compared to the contralateral osteoarthritic knee. The mean of threshold to detection of passive motion was 2.16+0.68 for the replaced knees versus 2.72±0.61 for the contralateral osteoarthritic knee.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The proprioception of the knees that were replaced with arthroplasties had a better proprioceptive function then the osteoarthritic knees. This further solidifies the reasons to replace the dysfunctional osteoarthritic knee. </p>
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Noble, Philip C., Michael J. Gordon, Jennifer M. Weiss, Robert N. Reddix, Michael A. Conditt, and Kenneth B. Mathis. "Does Total Knee Replacement Restore Normal Knee Function?" Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 431 (February 2005): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.blo.0000150130.03519.fb.

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Ammar, Ameni, Oussama Abcha, and Mohamed Samir Daghfous. "Iatrogenic injuries of the popliteus tendon during total knee arthroplasty." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 6_suppl2 (June 1, 2021): 2325967121S0018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00189.

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Introduction: The popliteus tendon is known to play a key role in the stability of the posterolateral corner of the knee. Its role in the stability of the replaced knee remains contentious. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of an iatrogenic lesion of the popliteus tendon during total knee arthroplasty surgery on the stability and function of the knee Methods: We searched in the operating report registers, patients with complete iatrogenic injury of the popliteus tendon during total knee arthroplasty on genu-varum. We evaluated postoperative varus, mobility and stability and we calculated their International Knee Society scores Results: Among the 423 reports of total knee arthroplasties consulted in the operating report registers, we found seven patients with a complete iatrogenic injury of the popliteus tendon. All patients had preoperative extension deficit. All operated knees were stiff, tight and small. At postoperative follow-up, all the knees had good stability and function. All the patients were satisfied. Conclusion: we concluded that the isolated section of the popliteus tendon does not seem to modify the static stability of the knee. However, it can cause a decrease in long-term functional scores. More work is needed to increase understanding of the impact of this iatrogenic lesion on long-term function.
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Gill, Thomas J., Louis E. DeFrate, Conrad Wang, Christopher T. Carey, Shay Zayontz, Bertram Zarins, and Li Guoan. "The Biomechanical Effect of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction on Knee Joint Function." American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 4 (July 2003): 530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310040901.

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Background The effectiveness of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in restoring normal kinematics under physiologic loading is unknown. Hypothesis Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not restore normal knee kinematics under muscle loading. Study Design In vitro biomechanical study. Methods Kinematics of knees with an intact, resected, and reconstructed posterior cruciate ligament were measured by a robotic testing system under simulated muscle loads. Anteroposterior tibial translation and internal-external tibial rotation were measured at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° of flexion under posterior drawer loading, quadriceps muscle loading, and combined quadriceps and hamstring muscle loading. Results Reconstruction reduced the additional posterior tibial translation caused by ligament deficiency at all flexion angles tested under posterior drawer loading. Ligament deficiency increased external rotation and posterior translation at angles higher than 60° of flexion when simulated muscle loading was applied. Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction reduced the posterior translation and external rotation observed in posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees at higher flexion angles, but differences were not significant. Conclusion Under physiologic loading conditions, posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not restore six degree of freedom knee kinematics. Clinical Relevance Abnormal knee kinematics may lead to development of long-term knee arthrosis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Knee function"

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Lane, Judith. "Knee joint stiffness and function following total knee arthroplasty." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4790.

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Introduction: Studies show that Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is successful for the majority of patients however some continue to experience some functional limitations and anecdotal evidence indicates that stiffness is a common complaint. Some studies have suggested an association between stiffness and functional limitations however there has been no previous work which has attempted to objectively quantify knee joint stiffness following TKA. The purpose of this study was to pilot and evaluate a method for the quantitative evaluation in joint stiffness in replaced knees, OA knees and healthy controls and to explore whether there is an association between stiffness and functional limitations post-TKA surgery. Methods: The first part of the study created a biomechanical model of knee stiffness and built a system from which stiffness could be calculated. A torque transducer was used to measure the resistance as the knee was flexed and extended passively and an electrogoniometer concurrently measured the angular displacement. Stiffness was calculated from the slope of the line relating the passive resistive torque and displacement. The torque and joint angle at which stiffness was seen to increase greatly was also noted. The system was bench tested and found to be reliable and valid. Further tests on 6 volunteers found stiffness calculations to have acceptable intra-day reliability. The second part was conducted on three groups: those with end-stage knee OA (n = 8); those who were 1 year post-TKA (n = 15) and age matched healthy controls (n = 12). Knee range of motion was recorded and participants then completed the WOMAC, the SF-12 and a Visual Analogue Score for stiffness as well as indicating words to describe their stiffness. Four performance based tests – the Timed Up and Go (TUG), the stair ascent/descent, the 13m walk and a quadriceps strength test were also undertaken. Finally, passive stiffness at the affected knee was measured. Results: 100% of OA, 80% of TKA and 58% of controls reported some stiffness at the knee. The OA group reported significantly higher stiffness than the OA or TKA groups. There was no difference in self-reported stiffness between the TKA and control groups. Of the total number of words used to describe stiffness, 52% related to difficulty with movement, 35% were pain related and 13% related to sensations. No significantly differences were found between groups in the objective stiffness measures. Significant differences were found however in threshold flexion stiffness angles between groups. When this angle was normalised, differences between groups were not significant. No significant differences were found between groups in the threshold stiffness torque. Greater self-reported stiffness was found to be associated with worse self-reported function. A higher flexion stiffness threshold angle was associated with slower timed tests of function but also with better quadriceps muscle strength. Conclusions: The results support anecdotal reports that perceived stiffness is a common complaint following TKA but there was no evidence to show that patients with TKA have greater stiffness than a control group. There was however evidence to show that patients’ were unable to distinguish between sensations of stiffness and other factors such as pain. Self-perceived increased stiffness was associated with worse functional performance. Greater stiffness however was not necessarily negative. Stiffness increases earlier in flexion range were associated with better functional performance. These results suggest that an ideal threshold range for stiffness may exist; above which negative perceptions of the knee result in worse function but below which, knee laxity and instability may also result in worse function.
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Benfayed, Rida A. "Kneeling function following total knee arthroplasty." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33073.

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The ability to kneel is an important function of the knee joint, as it is required for many daily activities, including religious practices, professional occupations and recreational pursuits. The inability to kneel following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is frequently a source of disappointment. This work investigates patients' understanding of the term 'kneeling' and what proportion of patients can kneel before and after TKA, as well as identifying the factors that can affect the ability to kneel following TKA. The underlying hypothesis tested was: 'There are no differences between kneeling ability before and after TKA'. Kneeling ability after TKA may be affected by many factors, including patient-specific factors, the extent of wear on RPC (Retro patellar Cartilage), postoperative AKP (Anterior Knee Pain) and post-operative ROM (Range of Motion). Thus a consecutive series of TKA patients were assessed to test the afore-mentioned hypothesis. In particular, the thesis has examined: • Interpretation of kneeling and perceptions of kneeling ability after TKA. • The extent of wear on Retro Patellar Cartilage (RPC) and its correlation to kneeling ability. • Sensory changes in the knee after TKA. • Preoperative and Postoperative Anterior Knee Pain (AKP) assessment. • The reality of kneeling ability before and after TKA. • Postoperative ROM of the knee and its correlation to kneeling function. The advice offered by healthcare professionals may contribute to a low postoperative rate of kneeling. The patellofemoral joint plays an essential role in knee function and a person's kneeling ability, may be greatly affected by the performance of this joint. Firstly, this study analysed the responses of two samples of participants drawn from diverse cultural backgrounds (Christian and Muslim), it examined their primary interpretation of what kneeling constitutes, along with a subjective assessment of the importance of kneeling in their everyday lives. Secondly, it explored patients' perceptions of their kneeling ability after TKA, with a comparative analysis of their responses to the kneeling questionnaire specifically constructed by the author and also the question in relation to kneeling in the Oxford Knee Score (OKS). The third component investigated retro-patellar cartilage (RPC) morphology using intraoperative examination and standardised photography. Fourthly, a cohort of patients listed for TKAs was followed prospectively, in order to assess their kneeling ability prior to and following treatment, along with identifying the factors that could affect this function, i.e. knee pain, range of motion, sensory changes and sensitivity to pain on the anterior aspect of the knee as assessed with dolorimetry. Differences were detected in the subjective interpretation of the kneeling function, as well as its importance, for the two diverse cultures involved in this study. Pain, as opposed to poor range of movement, was identified as the main reason which led to kneeling difficulties. The majority of respondents reported that it was either extremely difficult or impossible to kneel on the operated knee. The high flexed position (required for prayer in certain cultures) was the most difficult position to achieve for most of the patients. Prior to surgery, 30 patients were seen during this period, 15 (50%) out of 30 consecutive patients were unable to kneel in any position whatsoever. Of those who could kneel to some degree, the most common posture that they could achieve was the upright kneeling position. Considerable variations were found to occur in patients' understanding of the term 'kneeling'. Consequently, this has significant implications for the design and interpretation of questions in relation to kneeling for diverse cultures, which are characterised by distinct lifestyles. The current patient-based selfV administered questionnaires, such as the OKS, although useful as a simple measure of overall knee function, were found to have limitations as an effective assessment tool in the measurement of kneeling function either before or after TKA and indicate that there is a need for a culturally appropriate questionnaire to assess kneeling function. Retro-patellar cartilage lesions were very prevalent in patients undergoing TKA. However, no significant correlation existed between the total amount of retro-patellar cartilage wear and the ability to kneel. Patients were more likely to be able to kneel if the cartilage of the superior facets of the patella were disease free (P=0.02). At the six months post-surgery stage, of the 14 consecutive patients, who could kneel pre-operatively 6 were able to kneel post-operatively. Of the 13 consecutive patients who were unable to kneel pre-operatively, all were unable to kneel post-operatively. Knee pain was the main reason attributed to this difficulty. However, no link was found to occur between sensory changes and kneeling function in the patients who participated in the study, after TKA performed via an anterior midline incision.
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Al-Sobayel, Hana I. "Construction and validation of the Saudi Knee Function Scale, a knee osteoarthritis index." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22264.pdf.

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Elmqvist, Lars-Gunnar. "Chronic anterior cruciate ligament tear : knee function and knee extensor muscle size, morphology and function before and after surgical reconstruction." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ortopedi, 1988. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-102562.

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Knee function was evaluated by knee score, activity level, clinical findings and performance tests, muscle size by computerized tomography (CT), morphology by light (LM) and electron microscopy (EM), muscle function by electromyography (EMG) and isokinetic performance in 29 patients with chronic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. Preoperatively CT disclosed a significant mean atrophy of the quadriceps and nonsignificant changes of the other muscle areas of the injured leg. Morphology of m vastus lateralis of the injured leg was normal in more than half of the biopsies preoperatively, the rest showed signs of nonoptimal activation. Significant decreases in all isokinetic parameters were noticed together with significantly decreased EMG of the quadriceps muscle of the injured leg. Âfter surgical reconstruction the knees were immobilized in a cast for 6 weeks at either 30° or 70° of knee flexion. After cast removal CT showed significant decreases of all areas which also remained after training. The 30° group showed larger fibres (intracellular oedema) and more frequent morphological abnormalities than the 70° group. Fourteen weeks postoperatively the patients were allocated to either a combination of isometric and progressive resistance training or isokinetic training for 6 weeks. CT showed slightly larger areas at 20 weeks postoperatively than at 6 weeks. Morphological abnormalities were still prominent at 20 weeks postoperatively. Maximum isokinetic knee extensor mechanical output and endurance were markedly decreased at 14 weeks postoperatively but both improved progressively during the one year rehabilitation, mostly during the intensive 6 week training period but irrespective of training programme used. Fatiguability/endurance level improved over the preoperative level. Muscular work/integrated EMG was stable while EMG/t increased indicating neuromuscular relearning. The clinical result at 28 months foliowup was excellent or good in 93% of the patients and clinical stability improved in 66%. Independent upon primary knee immobilization angle or training programmes no differences could be demonstrated with respect to stability, range of motion, function or isokinetic mechanical output. Isokinetic performance was still significantly lower in the injured compared to the noninjured leg and not significantly different from the preoperative values. Morphology, only 6 cases, showed abnormalities similar to preoperative findings. In conclusion, the reason for the decreased maximum and total knee extensor performance in these patients with ACL tears is suggested to be nonoptimal activation of normal functioning muscle fibres depending on changes in knee joint receptor afferent inflow. No differences concerning the markedly improved postoperative clinical result could be seen between the different treatment modalities used. A nonoptimal muscular activation might explain the still decreased isokinetic performance present at followup.

S. 1-40: sammanfattning, s. 43-137: 5 uppsatser


digitalisering@umu.se
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Wickham-Bruno, Robbin. "Assessment of strength, balance, and function before and after total knee arthroplasty." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1395590.

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The purpose of this research study was to evaluate pain, strength, balance, and function in subjects before and after total knee arthroplasty. Thirteen subjects were tested prior to total knee arthroplasty. Seven of the original subjects returned to the laboratory and were tested one month after knee replacement surgery. At each testing session subjects completed questionnaires including a pain visual analog scale (VAS), Falls questionnaire, global rating of knee function, Western Ontario McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index, and Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS). Strength was tested via unilateral, isometric squat. Knee range of motion was measured using a standard goniometer. Functional activities including walking, sit to stand transfers, and stepping on and off a curb were assessed using the Balance Master Force Plate system (Neurocom International). Balance activities including tandem walk, modified clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (mCTSIB), limits of stability (LOS), and sensory organization tests (SOT) were also assessed using the SMART Equitest (Neurocom International). There was a trend towards decreased pain on VAS post- surgery although the results were not significantly different (p = 0.0585). Subjective rating of function was improved on the composite WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index score (p = 0.0313). No differences were found after surgery for strength in the involved limb, balance tasks, or ability to perform functional activities. From this study we conclude that total knee arthroplasty does not have a deleterious effect on function or balance in the immediate post-operative period even through the knee is still in an acutely inflamed state. Further testing is needed to evaluate the effect of TKA on more strenuous functional activities and balance tasks and at larger post-operative intervals.
School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Wilson, Jean-Marie J. "Lower limb muscle function during deep-knee bending." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5589.

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Herrington, Lee Carl. "Assessment of knee extensor mechanism function and the manipulation of that function." Thesis, University of Salford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490228.

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Dysfunction of the knee extensor mechanism resulting in patellofemoral pain (PFP) presents a significant challenge to those clinicians working in musculoskeletal medicine. The presence of the condition is believed to be related to changes in internal joint loading as a result of alteration in the position and tracking of the patellofemoral joint. One of the first challenges when assessing and treating this condition faced by the clinician is how to reliably and validly assess patella position.
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Mostertz, William C. "Quantifying antalgic gait knee function using inertial sensor technology." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1219852146/.

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Al-Riyami, Masoud. "Traumatic Chondral Lesions of the Knee in Athletes with Emphasis on Arthroscopy, MRI, and Knee Function." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486789.

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Background: Traumatic chondral lesions of the knee are common in football and rugby players, The diagnosis is often confirmed by arthroscopy, considered appropriate because of persistent pain and effusion. The natural course of these injuries is not well known. Clinical diagnosis is difficult and MRI is not always reliable. Aims: 1. To introduce a simplified arthroscopic mapping system of the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee which can be used to describe the location of these chondral lesions. 2. To correlate the location and severity of these lesions with a novel knee function score designe~ to reflect the demands of football and rugby. 3. To assess the accuracy of different MRI sequences in diagnosing chondral lesions using the arthroscopic mapping system as a standard. 4. To evaluate the short-term functional outcome of microfractured lesions using MRI and function scores. Methods: Forty two consecutive football and rugby players with traumatic isolated chondral lesions observed at arthroscopy were included after appropriate consent. Lesion size and grade were recorded with the mapping system. All subjects were scanned two to three weeks after surgery using a 3-Tesla MRI. At eight to 12 weeks from surgery they were tested with the functional knee score. Twenty four out of 42 subjects with grade III IV lesions underwent microfracture at the time of arthroscopy. They were assessed at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months by functional knee score and MRI. A second look arthroscopy was carried out in 10 players five to seven months after surgery to evaluate lesion healing because there was discrepancy between. a 'normal' MRI and persistent clinical symptoms. Results: Fifty five lesions on weight-bearing surfaces were found in the 42 subjects. The average size of the lesion was 197 square mm. Pain, effusion, tenderness on palpation and positive compression rotation test were the predominant symptoms and signs. The medial femoral condyle (MFC) was affected most with 36 (65 %) of the lesions. the lesions were concentrated in the B areas (p < 0.05). Grade IV lesions were the most common with 26 lesions (47.3 %). These lesions were concentrated in the B areas (p < 0.05). Cartilage specific sequences (CSS) showed a sensitivity of 89 percent and specificity of 98 percent to identify the chondral lesions. Lesion location and grade determined by MRI were comparable to arthroscopy, but size was underestimated by MRI (p < 0.05). Both the functional knee score and MRI showed good correlation in assessing healing after microfracture at six, 12 and 18 months (r2 =0.993,0.986 and 0.993, respectively). Conclusion: The distribution of the traumatic chondral lesions over the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee is unequal, and neither location nor grade predict functional outcome. Cartilage specific sequences have relatively high sensitivity but are not reliable enough to replace arthroscopy in diagnosing cases with typical symptoms and signs. Microfracture shows excellent short term out-comes. Both the functional knee score and MRI are reliable enough on average to confirm healing at the defect site, and a second look arthroscopy may be required in some cases.
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Monk, Andrew Paul. "The patellofemoral joint : form and function." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:96ce09f2-a72c-46ed-94fd-ed10213959fd.

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The patellofemoral joint (PFJ) is a common source of problems in Orthopaedics and is the source of poorly defined pain and poor function in both normal and replaced knees. Before problems of the PFJ can be fully comprehended a better understanding of the basic form and function of the PFJ is required. The aim of this thesis therefore is to investigate the shape and kinematics of the PFJ and their inter-relations in both normal and replaced knees. The first part of this thesis was concerned with the shape (or form) of the PFJ. Species from the human ancestry over the previous 400 million years were assembled and measurements taken from three dimensional, CT reconstructions, allowing the descriptions of evolutionary changes in the shape, and orientation of the patellofemoral joint in relation to the tibiofemoral compartments. The study chronicled the dramatic changes that occurred in relation to the adoption of the erect bipedal hominin stance which has resulted in varied anatomy at the PFJ, predisposing it to a wide range of pathologies. The articular surface geometry of normal human patellofemoral joints (bone and cartilage) were compared with those of total knee replacements, and patellofemoral joint replacements. Mapping of the trajectory of the apex of the trochlea groove revealed significant differences between native and replaced knees, with the trajectory being orientated laterally in normal knees and either centrally or medially in replaced knees. The second part of this work was concerned with the kinematics (or function) of the PFJ. With current technology it is impossible to measure coronal plane PFJ kinematics with any accuracy in both native and replaced knees. A novel method was developed combining Motion Analysis and UltraSound (MAUS). Validation experiments were undertaken that demonstrated acceptable error (1.8 mm). The MAUS technique was used to show statistically significant differences between the coronal plane kinematics of the patella in normal and replaced knees. In particular in some arthroplasty patients, the patella tracked in the opposite direction to that in normal subjects. The abnormal kinematics were a manifestation of non-anatomical joint replacements. This demonstrates that form and function are closely related. The interaction between form and function in the knee was further investigated using patients with anterior knee pain. Assessment was made of the relationship between patellar subluxation and multiple bony, cartilaginous and soft-tissue factors potentially predisposing to subluxation. The percentage of engagement of the patella in the trochlear groove in knee extension showed the strongest relationship with subluxation, with subjects less than 30% engaged tending to subluxate. This suggests that the most important factor in preventing subluxation is patellar engagement. A clinical study is now required to assess the effect of surgery aimed at improving engagement. The detailed insights into the variability of form and function in the PFJ obtained throughout this thesis will help address pathology in the native knee and guide decisions for new designs of knee replacements. A novel technology has been developed here for measuring patella kinematics which has great potential for future research. The MAUS technique will provide a clinical investigative tool and allow investigation into kinematic abnormalities in other joints.
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Books on the topic "Knee function"

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1939-, Daniel Dale M., Akeson Wayne H. 1928-, and O'Connor John J. 1934-, eds. Knee ligaments: Structure, function, injury, and repair. New York: Raven Press, 1990.

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Bristol-Myers/Zimmer Orthopaedic Symposium (4th 1988 Chicago, Ill.). Articular cartilage and knee joint function: Basic science and arthroscopy. Edited by Ewing J. Whit, Arthroscopy Association of North America., and Bristol-Myers/Zimmer (Firm). New York: Raven Press, 1990.

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name, No. Daniel's knee injuries: Ligament and cartilage structure, function, injury, and repair. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.

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Zhao, Jinzhong, ed. Minimally Invasive Functional Reconstruction of the Knee. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3971-6.

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Al-Turaiki, Mohammed H. S. The human knee: Functional anatomy, biomechanics, and instabilities & assessment techniques. Al-Zulfi, Saudi Arabia: The Author, 1986.

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Al-Turaiki, Mohammed H. S. The human knee: Functional anatomy, biomechanics, and instabilities & assessment techniques with 75 figures. Al-Zulfi [Saudi Arabia]: Al-Turaiki, 1986.

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Pagura, Sonia M. C. Male and female total knee arthroplasty candidates and healthy controls differ in anthropometry, functional capacity and biochemistry, insulin-like growth factor-I and cytokines. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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Pagura, Sonia Marianna. Male and female total knee arthroplasty canadidates and healthy controls differ in anthropometry, functional capacity and biochemistry (insulin like growth factor-I and cytokines). Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1998.

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1926-, Larson Robert L., and Grana William A, eds. Knee: Form, function, pathology and treatment. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1992.

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Robert Le Roy Larson (Editor) and William A. Grana (Editor), eds. The Knee: Form, Function, Pathology, and Treatment. W.B. Saunders Company, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Knee function"

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Robie, Bruce H., and Daniel E. Rosenthal. "Prosthetic Design and Patellofemoral Function." In Knee Arthroplasty, 27–36. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6185-2_2.

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Dallo, Ignacio, and Alberto Gobbi. "Knee Osteochondral Lesions Treatments." In Joint Function Preservation, 337–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82958-2_30.

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Lee, Dhong Won, Jin Goo Kim, and Jin Woo Lim. "Subjective and Objective Assessments of Knee Function." In Knee Arthroscopy, 29–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8191-5_3.

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Seon, Jongkeun. "Anatomy and Function of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament." In Knee Arthroscopy, 149–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8191-5_13.

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Dunbar, M., S. Sripada, and R. Kjar. "Results and function of total knee arthroplasty." In The Knee Joint, 887–93. Paris: Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-99353-4_83.

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Pereira, Rogério, Ricardo Vidal, Ana Leal, and Maria Amélia Ferreira. "Basics on Knee (dys)Function." In Injuries and Health Problems in Football, 49–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53924-8_7.

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Boonen, Bert, and Nanne P. Kort. "Function After Small Knee Implants." In Basics in Primary Knee Arthroplasty, 637–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58178-7_54.

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Guenther, Daniel, Sebastián Irarrázaval, Chad Griffith, Volker Musahl, and Richard Debski. "Anatomy and Function of the Anterolateral Capsule Structures." In Rotatory Knee Instability, 15–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32070-0_2.

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Morales, Macarena, and Eleonora Irlandini. "Conservative Treatments of Osteochondral Lesions of the Knee." In Joint Function Preservation, 375–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82958-2_34.

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Athanasiou, Kyriacos A., and Johannah Sanchez-Adams. "Structure-Function Relationships of the Knee Meniscus." In Engineering the Knee Meniscus, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02576-1_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Knee function"

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Edd, Shannon N., Nathan A. Netravali, Julien Favre, Nicholas J. Giori, and Thomas P. Andriacchi. "Meniscectomized Knees Regain Normal Walking Flexion Range of Motion With Time Past Surgery." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14746.

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Meniscal tears are one of the most common knee injuries with an incidence rate of 60–70 per 100,000 person-years [1]. Although arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, the leading treatment for meniscal tears, decreases pain, the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is four times higher for a meniscectomized knee compared to an uninjured knee [2]. Prior research has shown that meniscectomized knees have reduced sagittal-plane range of motion in the early period following surgery (6 to 18 months) [3–5]. These observations suggest a mechanical pathway to knee OA, in which alteration in ambulatory knee function causes shifts in tibiofemoral cartilage location to unprepared cartilage regions, thus causing damage to the maladapted tissue [6]. While such a mechanical pathway is well documented for knees with reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament [7], the paucity of information regarding the walking mechanics of meniscectomized knees at longer term post-operation limits our understanding of the pathway to OA in this population. Particularly, it is unknown whether meniscectomized knees regain normal dynamic range of motion (ROM) in knee flexion with time past surgery. Because regaining ROM alters the mechanical function in the meniscectomized knee, understanding the changes in this gait variable over time may help elucidate the various pathways to OA development in meniscectomized knees.
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Bartel, Donald, Av Edidin, Todd Johnson, Thomas Sculco, and Timothy Wright. "Implant Technology: Knee Design for Improved Function and Wear." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23092.

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Abstract Total knee replacement has become an accepted treatment for diseased and damaged joints with over 150,000 surgeries performed annually in the United States alone. The popularity of knee replacement stems from the excellent clinical results, which in some reported series exceeded ninety percent at twenty years follow-up [1]. The high level of clinical success in elderly populations has spurred surgeons to extend the indications to younger patients; today, about a third of total knee replacements are implanted in individuals under sixty-five years of age.
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Papaioannou, George, William Anderst, and Scott Tashman. "Elevated Joint Contact Forces in ACL-Reconstructed Knees: A Finite Element Analysis Driven by In Vivo Kinematic Data." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43067.

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Assessment of in vivo human cartilage loading generally requires computer modeling, since loads usually cannot be directly measured. The utility of these models for assessing knee behavior during complex activities has been limited by the relatively poor quality of experimental data on in vivo knee function. We have developed a method combining high-accuracy knee kinematics (from high-speed stereo-radiography) with subject-specific finite-element models to estimate in vivo cartilage contact pressures during stressful tasks. When applied to ACL reconstruction, significantly higher contact pressures were found in reconstructed knees as compared to the contralateral (uninjured) knees of the same individuals.
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Siggelkow, Eik, Iris Sauerberg, Francesco Benazzo, and Marc Bandi. "Prediction of TKR Function Using Specimen Specific Robotically Calibrated Knee Models." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80293.

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Passive knee kinematics and kinetics following total knee replacement (TKR) are dependent on the topology of the component joint surfaces as well as the properties of the passive soft tissue structures (ligaments and capsule). Recently, explicit computer models have been used for the prediction of knee joint kinematics based on experimental investigations [1]. However, most of these models replicate experimental knee simulators [2], which simulate soft tissue structures using springs or elastomeric structures. New generations of experimental setups deploy industrial robots for measuring kinematics and kinetics in six degrees of freedom as well as the contribution of soft tissue structures. Based on these experiments, accurate soft tissue properties are available for use in computer models to aid more realistic predictions of kinematics. Final evidence of the quality of the kinematic predictions from these computer models can be provided by direct validation of the models against experimental data. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use in vitro robotic test data to develop, verify, and validate specimen specific virtual models suitable for predicting laxity and kinematics of the reconstructed knee.
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Walker, Peter S., Yonah Heller, Gokce Yildirim, and David Cleary. "Pre-Clinical Evaluation of Total Knee Designs for Normal Function." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204430.

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Although Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is successful both in function and durability, there is evidence that the kinematics are abnormal, suggesting that function can be further improved, especially in patients with the capability of returning to an active lifestyle. The goal of this study was to formulate a testing method which would predict the performance of a TKR by using the mechanical characteristics of the anatomic knee as a benchmark. It is proposed that a ‘holistic testing method’ should consist of a determination of the neutral path of motion during a full flexion range, together with the AP and rotational laxity about the neutral path. This test regimen would represent the forces and torques experienced in a range of everyday activities. The proposed testing method is evaluated using a special test rig to compare the kinematics of different TKR designs, with anatomic knee specimens.
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Shalhoub, Sami, Fallon Fitzwater, and Lorin Maletsky. "Cadaveric Evaluation of Knee Joint Kinematics Using the Kansas Knee Simulator." In ASME 2013 Conference on Frontiers in Medical Devices: Applications of Computer Modeling and Simulation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fmd2013-16083.

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Computational models of the knee are useful for evaluating changes in kinematics, soft tissue loadings, new prosthetic geometries, and surgical techniques [1, 2]. These models are advantageous in their ability to quickly and efficiently evaluate the effect of changes in these parameters on knee joint function. The limitation of modeling is that the results are greatly influenced by the constraints and parameters used to create the model.
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Harigane, K., K. Kumagai, Y. Mochida, K. Ishii, Y. Miyamae, H. Choe, A. Nagaoka, Y. Inaba, N. Mitsugi, and T. Saito. "AB0334 Knee function after total knee arthroplasty is influenced by disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.3029.

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Toth-Taşcău, Mirela, Flavius Pater, and Dan Ioan Stoia. "Interpolation function for approximating knee joint behavior in human gait." In 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2013: ICNAAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4825847.

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Yurlova, Yulia Aleksandrovna. "PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF RECOVERY OF KNEE JOINT FUNCTION AFTER INJURY." In Инновации в медицине, психологии, педагогике. Новосибирск: Автономная некоммерческая организация дополнительного профессионального образования "Сибирский институт практической психологии, педагогики и социальной работы", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38163/978-5-6045317-2-3_2021_51.

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Yildirim, Gokce, Peter S. Walker, Jonathan Sussman-Fort, and Jason Boyer. "Next Generation Knee Replacements: A New Approach to Replicate the Function of the ACL." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176201.

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Current total knee replacements solve the problem of arthritic knee joints, but the evidence is that normal patterns of knee motions are not restored (1) In addition; paradoxical anterior sliding of the femur on the tibia can occur in the first half of the flexion range (2). Achieving natural motion is likely to be important for daily activities which involve higher angles of flexion, in terms of restoring normal soft tissue lengths and patello-femoral mechanics. Studies have shown the damaging effects of anterior femoral slide on the tibia affecting both the patella and the patellar tendon (3). Our paper examines new knee replacement designs which incorporate geometrical features to regain anatomical knee motion.
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Reports on the topic "Knee function"

1

Piva, Sara, Charity Moore, Maria Beatriz Catelani, Michael Schneider, Alexandra Gil, and James Irrgang. Comparing Treatments for Improving Physical Function in Patients Who Had Knee Replacement Surgery. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/05.2020.cer.131006994.

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Liu, Liying, and Mingli Sun. An updated meta-analysis of whole-body vibration training to improve pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.3.0067.

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Chen, Jun, Yang Gao, Jiuxiang Gao, Zhifei Ke, Xiangnan Su, and Liang Yu. The effects of different exercises on pain and joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0096.

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Ma, Chao, Yiran Deng, and Xianliang Wang. Effect of professional sports rehabilitation on functional recovery of the knee joint after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction：A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0054.

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Learning About Women and Urban Services in Latin America and the Caribbean. Population Council, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1986.1000.

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In 1978 when the Population Council formulated a program to learn more about low-income urban women’s access to services, the dearth of information was striking, particularly in contrast to the emerging body of information delineating access to credit, extension, membership in rural institutions, and representation in local governments. Access to services was much less well-defined owing to the diverse cultures that meet in the urban environment, the mobility of city life, and the fluidity of households. Urban development planners, researchers, and those involved in community action projects in a number of South American cities were approached to find out what they knew, and there was much interest on the part of urban planners in learning how their programs affected men and women differentially. The interest of these diverse groups called for a long-term approach. Three working groups on Women, Low-Income Households, and Urban Services evolved in Kingston, Jamaica; Lima, Peru; and Mexico City, Mexico. Much detail is provided in this volume on how these groups function and arrive at their priorities. Rather than confining this report to a lengthy internal document, this work was brought to the attention of a broader audience through summary articles.
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