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Books on the topic 'Knowledge about man'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Rahim, Mir Abdur. What says the quran: About God, divine books, prophets, religion, worship, prayer, knowledge, universe, man, life, death ... Triumph Trading Co., 1988.

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2

Didier, Dubois, Prade Henri M, and Klement E. P, eds. Fuzzy sets, logics, and reasoning about knowledge. Kluwer Academic, 1999.

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3

Koronovskiy, Nikolay, Galina Bryanceva, E. Dubinin, and V. Zaharov. General geology. New about the Earth. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1816822.

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The textbook discusses in detail some specially selected sections of the discipline "General Geology" that seem to be the most important. The features of the formation of the Universe, our Galaxy, the structure, origin and development of the Earth and the most important processes that occur on it and which are briefly described or not discussed at all in standard textbooks are revealed. Special attention is paid to in-depth consideration of the main, most interesting and important geological problems, since there are still a lot of unresolved and controversial issues in geology. For many probl

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4

Badea, Andreea, Bruno Boute, Marco Cavarzere, and Steven Broecke, eds. Making Truth in Early Modern Catholicism. Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463720526.

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Scholarship has come to value the uncertainties haunting early modern knowledge cultures; indeed, awareness of the fragility and plurality of knowledge is now offered as a key element for understanding early modern science as a whole. Yet early modern actors never questioned the possibility of certainty itself and never objected to the notion that truth is out there, universal, and therefore safe from human manipulation. This book investigates how early modern actors managed not to succumb to postmodern relativism, despite the increasing uncertainties and blatant disagreements about the nature

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5

Shul'gina, Ol'ga, Tat'yana Voronova, Tat'yana Gayvoron, Tat'yana Grushina, Galina Maynasheva, and Dmitriy Samusenko. Geographical Moscow studies. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2125938.

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The textbook's content is aimed at forming systematic, spatial representations of Moscow: its history, nature, ecology, population, economy, transport, and non-industrial sphere. The textbook focuses on the interrelated and interdependent perception of the complex of knowledge about the city's territory as a local system of interaction between man and nature; on active classroom and independent development of the geography of Moscow; on the development of interdisciplinary thinking, skills of searching and spatial analysis of statistical and cartographic information. It contains questions and

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6

Isaev, Roman. Travels to holy places and soul-useful stories. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1864335.

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This book was written on the basis of the author's travels to the holy places of Central Russia, studying the biographies and instructions of great Saints and elders. The purpose of the book is not only to share interesting and useful stories and arguments. The main thing is to motivate independent visits to holy places, the discovery of new knowledge and development. The book contains a lot of interesting historical and geographical information. And for readers who are just looking for new travel routes, it will become a good and reliable navigator (guidebook) for many years! The book i

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7

Bocharnikov, Viktor, and Sergey Sveshnikov. The event is… Events as a fundamental basis for the analysis of complex systems. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1974287.

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The monograph analyzes the concept of an event used in various branches of knowledge. The conclusion about the fundamental nature of this concept for the representation of the manifestation of being is substantiated. The main components that make up the event are determined. The main properties of events and their interactions in the event field are clarified. For students, postgraduates and teachers of technical universities and faculties.

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8

Corona, Adelina. Spider-Man Movie Trivia Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge about Spider-Man Movies. Independently Published, 2022.

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9

LA'TRESSA, Phillips. Spider-Man Movie Trivia Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge about Spider-Man Movies. Independently Published, 2021.

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10

Gonzalez, George A. Popular Culture as Art and Knowledge. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978724464.

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This volume settles the debate between analytic and continental philosophy. It turns to art, more specifically popular culture, to demonstrate the validity of continental philosophy. Drawing on the philosophy of Georg Hegel (perhaps the most important of continental philosophers), James Kreines holds that reason in the world metaphysically exists. Reasons of the world are reasons of the Hegelian Absolute. Thus, similar to the fact that gravity is curves in the space-time continuum along which matter moves – reasons are the grooves in the Absolute along which human decision-making occurs. Art a

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11

Gerken, Mikkel. Thought and Talk about Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803454.003.0002.

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Chapter 1 outlines the core assumptions of the epistemological framework to be defended. For example, a variety of a relevant-alternatives framework that appeals to normal circumstances is adopted, as is a competence epistemology according to which S may obtain knowledge and warranted belief only by exercising a cognitive competence. Moving from the epistemological framework to our folk epistemology, the ways in which the term ‘knowledge’ is central to our folk epistemology are considered. Special emphasis is given to knowledge ascriptions’ social and communicative functions. Thus, Chapter 1 i

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12

Hyman, Wendy Beth. Impossible Desire and the Limits of Knowledge in Renaissance Poetry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837510.001.0001.

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Impossible Desire and the Limits of Knowledge in Renaissance Poetry examines the limits of embodiment, knowledge, and representation at disregarded nexus: the erotic carpe diem poem in early modern England. These macabre seductions offer no compliments or promises, but instead focus on the lovers’ anticipated decline, and—quite stunningly given the Reformation context—humanity’s relegation not to a Christian afterlife but to a Marvellian “desert of vast Eternity.” In this way, a poetic trope whose classical form was an expression of pragmatic Epicureanism became, during the religious upheaval

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13

Horne, Zachary, and Andrei Cimpian. Subtle Syntactic Cues Affect Intuitions about Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815259.003.0002.

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To investigate the nature and limits of knowledge, epistemologists often consult intuitions about whether people can be said to have knowledge or, alternatively, to know particular propositions. This chapter identifies a problem with this method. Although the intuitions elicited via statements about “knowledge” and “knowing” are treated as interchangeable sources of evidence, these intuitions actually differ. Building on prior psychological evidence, the chapter hypothesizes that the epistemic state denoted by the noun “knowledge” is viewed as stronger (e.g. more certain, more reliable) than t

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Moss, Sarah. Knowledge and action. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792154.003.0009.

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This chapter develops and defends two probabilistic knowledge norms of action. The first is a knowledge norm for reasons, namely that you may treat a probabilistic content as a reason for action if and only if you know it. This norm can help explain intuitive judgments about rational action. It can also help us rethink alleged instances of pragmatic encroachment often cited as challenges for existing knowledge norms of action. The second norm defended in this chapter is a knowledge norm for decisions. According to this norm, an action is permissible for you if and only if it is considered perm

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15

Adams, Fred. Extended Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198769811.003.0005.

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The author has maintained that among the things that cognition requires are: non-derived content, scientifically tractable and non-motley processes (Adams and Aizawa 2001; 2008a; 2008b), and the capacity to figure in agent-centered reasons that explain purposive behavior (Adams and Garrison 2003). So what will be discussed here is what someone who accepted these considerations about the mark of the cognitive would require for extended knowledge. Of course, cognition could extend without knowledge. Just as contemporary skeptics might be right (not that the present author thinks they are) and we

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Halperin, Sandra, and Oliver Heath. 2. Forms of Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198702740.003.0002.

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This chapter focuses on fundamental assumptions that researchers make about how we can know and develop knowledge about the social world, such as assumptions about the nature of human behaviour and the methods appropriate to studying and explaining that behaviour. The main objective is how to carry out a systematic and rigorous investigation of social phenomena. The chapter considers three different answers to the question of how to approach the study of social phenomena: those offered by positivism, scientific realism, and interpretivism. It also explores the differences among these answers a

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17

(Editor), Didier Dubois, Henri Prade (Editor), and E. P. Klement (Editor), eds. Fuzzy Sets, Logics and Reasoning about Knowledge (APPLIED LOGIC SERIES Volume 15) (Applied Logic Series). Springer, 1999.

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18

Nagel, Jennifer. 8. Knowing about knowing. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199661268.003.0008.

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Mindreading is the natural capacity that generates instinctive feelings about another person's knowledge and other mental states. ‘Knowing about knowing’ explains that humans have specialized brain areas devoted to tracking mental states, but there are natural limitations to mindreading. One is a simple capacity limit on how many nested mental state levels we can represent. Another deeper limitation is that we suffer from ‘egocentrism’, which makes it difficult for us to override our own perspective when evaluating others who know less about their situation than we do. It concludes that even i

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Moss, Sarah. Probabilistic Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792154.001.0001.

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Traditional philosophical discussions of knowledge have focused on the epistemic status of full beliefs. This book argues that in addition to full beliefs, credences can constitute knowledge. For instance, your .4 credence that it is raining outside can constitute knowledge, in just the same way that your full beliefs can. In addition, you can know that it might be raining, and that if it is raining then it is probably cloudy, where this knowledge is not knowledge of propositions, but of probabilistic contents. The notion of probabilistic content introduced in this book plays a central role no

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20

Rhodes, R. A. W. On Local Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786115.003.0010.

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This chapter decentres the normative arguments favouring local knowledge suggesting the notion is more elusive than many recognize. It summarizes the mainstream political science and the interpretive views of local knowledge; unpacks the family of ideas that constitute local knowledge; identifies ten family resemblances, suggesting that local knowledge is: situated, embedded, ever-changing, contested, contingent and generative, performative practice, experiential, specialized, and comprised of folk theories that are authentic, natural, and accessible. It distinguishes between recovering local

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Ichikawa, Jonathan Jenkins. Contextualising Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199682706.001.0001.

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Contextualising Knowledge defends a contextualist semantics to knowledge ascriptions, and integrates it into a detailed discussion of the theoretical significance of knowledge. Ichikawa develops a kind of relevant alternatives contextualism, suggesting that which possibilities a subject must rule out in order to count as “knowing” vary according to the speaker’s conversational context, and uses it to consider the prospects for central theoretical roles for knowledge. Contextualism and the “knowledge first” program are rarely treated together, and sometimes argued to stand in significant tensio

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Hazlett, Allan. Theory of Knowledge without (Comparative) Linguistics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865085.003.0011.

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What is the relationship between the theory of knowledge and linguistics? Consider a familiar epistemological methodology, on which facts about how “knows” is ordinarily used provide evidence for and against particular views about the nature and scope of knowledge. Since “knows” is a word in English, which is one of many human languages, this methodology is problematic, akin to a species of cultural chauvinism. I suggest that we should reject the familiar linguistics-driven methodology, in favor of a picture on which theorizing about knowledge is driven by the stipulation of the value of knowl

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Harrod, Molly, Sanjay Saint, and Robert W. Stock. How to Think About Thinking. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190671495.003.0006.

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Through clinical reasoning, seasoned physicians correctly diagnose patients’ problems and develop appropriate treatments. It has two main components. The first is the ability to mentally stockpile and integrate information gathered in the process of treating many patients and reading research, allowing physicians to recognize patterns of data and sometimes make automatic diagnoses. The process is intuitive and nonanalytical. The second major facet of clinical reasoning is analytical. Physicians painstakingly examine and weigh all evidence, including patients’ clinical history and physical exam

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24

Djupe, Paul A., Anand Edward Sokhey, and Amy Erica Smith. The Knowledge Polity. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197611913.001.0001.

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The Knowledge Polity advances a holistic view of knowledge production in the social sciences. The familiar publication pipeline metaphor stresses the individual; we move beyond such a conception, offering a vision of academics as members of a knowledge polity where citizenship comes with rights and responsibilities. Knowledge production does not just mean research, but encompasses teaching, reviewing, blogging, commenting, and other activities, which together signal its communal, civic nature. Our explanation for knowledge production situates academics in institutional and social contexts, inc

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Billingsley, Berry, Keith Chappell, and Sherralyn Simpson, eds. The Future of Knowledge. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350383944.

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How can we design our lives to be sustainable amidst an uncertain future for our planet?How do we know what to trust in an online world rife with misinformation?How can we confront our mental health crises?How can we overcome polarization on issues of critical importance to our shared existence?How can we work together with those who see the world differently to us? Confronting these questions requires us to consider what the ‘future of knowledge’ might be, including the distinctive roles that disciplines across the sciences, arts and humanities might play. Epistemic insight is the ‘knowledge

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26

Smith, Nicholas D. Summoning Knowledge in Plato's Republic. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842835.001.0001.

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This book argues for four main theses: (1) The Republic is not just a work that has a lot to say about education; it is a book that depicts Socrates as attempting to engage his interlocutors in such a way as to help to educate them and also engages us, the readers, in a way that helps to educate us. (2) Plato does not suppose that education, properly understood, should have as its primary aim putting knowledge into souls that do not already have it. Instead, the education that Plato discusses, represents occurring between Socrates and his interlocutors, and hopes to achieve in his readers is o

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Benton, Matthew A., ed. Pragmatic Encroachment and Theistic Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798705.003.0014.

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If knowledge is sensitive to practical stakes, then whether one knows depends in part on the practical costs of being wrong. When considering religious belief, the practical costs of being wrong about theism may differ dramatically between the theist (if there is no God) and the atheist (if there is a God). This chapter explores the prospects, on pragmatic encroachment, for knowledge of theism (even if true), and of atheism (even if true), given two types of practical costs: namely, by holding a false belief, or by missing out on a true belief. These considerations set up a more general puzzle

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28

Friedman, William. About Time. The MIT Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/1050.001.0001.

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In About Time, William Friedman provides a new integrated look at research on the psychological processes that underlie the human experience of time. Few intellectual problems are as intriguing or as difficult as understanding the nature of time. In About Time, William Friedman provides a new integrated look at research on the psychological processes that underlie the human experience of time. He explains what psychologists have discovered about temporal perception and cognition since the publication of Paul Fraisse's The Psychology of Time in 1963 and offers fresh interpretations of their fin

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Rottman, Benjamin Margolin. The Acquisition and Use of Causal Structure Knowledge. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.10.

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This chapter provides an introduction to how humans learn and reason about multiple causal relations connected together in a causal structure. The first half of the chapter focuses on how people learn causal structures. The main topics involve learning from observations versus interventions, learning temporal versus atemporal causal structures, and learning the parameters of a causal structure including individual cause-effect strengths and how multiple causes combine to produce an effect. The second half of the chapter focuses on how individuals reason about the causal structure, such as maki

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Hunter, David. Directives for Knowledge and Belief. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758709.003.0005.

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To understand belief directives it is helpful to start with knowledge directives, for they can be unspecific in an important way, are not as puzzling from a first-person point of view, and are viewed by common sense as more fundamental. A person’s duties, personal obligations, and rights are, common sense holds, relevant but not decisive to what they ought to know, and so to what they ought to believe. It further holds that people ought in general to know what they ought to do and even, to some extent, what they are doing. And it allows that a person may be required to know something for which

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Szmatka, Jacek, Michael Lovaglia, and Kinga Wysienska, eds. The Growth of Social Knowledge. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216187493.

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This timely, comprehensive analysis of the latest advances in group processes research shows how cutting edge technologies, such as laboratory experiments, simulations, and complex systems combine with the rigor of cumulative research programs to change the way we see the social world. Group processes researchers study society scientifically, and have used sociological theory to build scientific, cumulative knowledge about the social world. Over the last 20 years, they have been extremely successful in advancing this knowledge through the reciprocal interplay of theory and experiment. The synt

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Weinberg, Jonathan M. Knowledge, Noise, and Curve-Fitting. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724551.003.0016.

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The psychology of the ‘Gettier effect’ appears robust—but complicated. Contrary to initial reports, more recent and thorough work by several groups of researchers indicates strongly that it is in fact found widely across cultures. Nonetheless, I argue that the pattern of psychological results should not at all be taken to settle the epistemological questions about the nature of knowledge. For the Gettier effect occurs both intermittently and with sensitivity to epistemically irrelevant factors. In short, the effect is noisy. And good principles of model selection indicate that, the noisier one

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33

Gurukkal, Rajan. History and Theory of Knowledge Production. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199490363.001.0001.

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This book seeks to provide an introductory outline of the history and theory of knowledge production, notwithstanding the vastness of the subject. It is to try and do a history of intellectual formation or history of ideas. One can see it as a textbook of historical epistemology, which in spatio-temporal terms historicizes knowledge production and contextualizes methodological development. It addresses itself as the historical process of the social constitution of knowledge, that is, the social history of the making of knowledge. Its objective is to make researchers of knowledge knowledgeable

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34

Rowett, Catherine. Knowledge and Truth in Plato. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199693658.001.0001.

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I defend four main theses: (1) Knowledge, in Plato’s vocabulary, is a kind of conceptual competence, involving ‘knowing what it is’ about something like virtue or justice; (2) There is a corresponding special meaning of the verb ‘is’ that occurs in the expression ‘knowing what it is’, which is key to understanding what Plato means by claiming that Forms have a superior kind of being; (3) When one knows ‘what it is’ about such concepts, one knows neither a proposition, nor set of propositions, nor an object, but something like a type. Plato’s term is eidos. Plato rightly notes that, in ordinary

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May, Joshua. The Difficulty of Moral Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811572.003.0005.

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While empirical debunking arguments fail to support wide-ranging moral skepticism, there are more modest threats to moral knowledge. First, debunking arguments are more successful if highly selective, targeting specific sets of moral beliefs that experimental research reveals to be distinguished for morally irrelevant reasons (thus flouting consistency reasoning). Second, the science of political disagreement suggests that many ordinary people can’t claim to know what they believe about controversial moral issues. Drawing on moral foundations theory, the best examples come from disagreements b

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Neta, Ram. Causal Theories of Knowledge and Perception. Edited by Helen Beebee, Christopher Hitchcock, and Peter Menzies. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199279739.003.0028.

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This article first surveys those ‘causal theories of perception’ that attempt to explain what it is for someone to perceive an external thing. Then it surveys the other ‘causal theories of perception’ (or alternatively, ‘causal theories of knowledge’) that attempt to explain what it is for someone to know about external things by means of perception. Within each of these two topics, we can locate all the various causal theories on a two-dimensional map: along one dimension are the various things that have been taken to do the causing, and along the other dimension are the various things that h

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Hannon, Michael. What's the Point of Knowledge? Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190914721.001.0001.

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This book is about knowledge and its value. At the heart of this book is a simple idea: we can answer many interesting and difficult questions in epistemology by reflecting on the role of epistemic evaluation in human life. Hannon calls this “function-first epistemology.” The core hypothesis is that the concept of knowledge is used to identify reliable informants. This practice is necessary, or at least deeply important, because it plays a vital role in human survival, cooperation, and flourishing. While this idea is quite simple, it has wide-reaching implications. Hannon uses it to cast new l

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Ichikawa, Jonathan Jenkins. Action. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199682706.003.0006.

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This chapter defends a connection between knowledge and practical reasoning, according to which one’s reasons for action constitute all and only that which one knows. A variety of intuitive objections to such principles are considered and rejected—a central theme is that objectors to knowledge norms often make tacit but substantive ethical assumptions about which reasons, if held, would justify which actions. Absent broader ethical theorizing, the proposed counterexamples are inconclusive. The chapter sketches possible approaches to such theories, and indicates reason for optimism about knowle

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Lupia, Arthur. Uninformed Why People Seem to Know So Little about Politics and What We Can Do about It. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190263720.001.0001.

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Research polls, media interviews, and everyday conversations reveal an unsettling truth: citizens, while well-meaning and even passionate about current affairs, appear to know very little about politics. Hundreds of surveys document vast numbers of citizens answering even basic questions about government incorrectly. Given this unfortunate state of affairs, it is not surprising that more knowledgeable people often deride the public for its ignorance. Some experts even think that less informed citizens should stay out of politics altogether. As Arthur Lupia shows in Uninformed, this is not cons

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Clayton-LeVasseur, Patricia. What You Need to Know about Measles. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216184874.

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Although measles is a preventable disease, today cases are on the rise in the United States because of falling vaccination rates. This book provides a broad introduction to this once widespread and still potentially very dangerous viral infection. Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that can cause serious, even life-threatening, complications. Although the MMR vaccine is effective at preventing measles, the rise of anti-vaccination sentiment in the United States has many experts concerned that measles may once again become a significant public health threat. What You Need to Know ab

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Grant-Smith, Deanna, Alicia Feldman, and Cassandra Cross. Key trends in employment scams in Australia: What are the gaps in knowledge about recruitment fraud? Queensland University of Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/book.eprints.228500.

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Fraud is defined as using lying, cheating and deception to gain a financial advantage. There are many categories of fraud. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) monitors a range of fraudulent activities through its ScamWatch portal. Individuals are encouraged to self-report experiences of fraudulent activity to ScamWatch to assist the ACCC to monitor trends and identify ways of disrupting identified scams. One of the key categories of fraud monitored by the ACCC relates to jobs and employment scams, otherwise known as recruitment fraud. Recruitment fraud uses the guise of a

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Lazarević, Nina. What’s so important about CLIL anyway? Filozofski fakultet Niš, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/clil.2020.

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After doing two 56-hour long seminars in 2018 and 2019 with grammar school teachers in Niš, I realised that there was not much of relevant literature, activity or practice books that science teachers teaching in English could use. While there is some substantial literature for CLIL in English language classes, there is much less support for particular natural science subjects in the local teaching context. Therefore, the material from those workshops is here systematised and organised around several areas that transpired as the most important for teachers. One important point is that this is n

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Bowling, Allen C. Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0027.

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Many patients with multiple sclerosis use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, health professionals may have limited knowledge about CAM therapies and may not know which CAM therapies are being used by patients who are under their care. These CAM therapies may be beneficial or harmful and may interact with conventional multiple sclerosis medications. Therefore, quality of care may be improved if clinicians have the skills and knowledge to provide unbiased, evidence-based CAM information to patients and, when appropriate, to guide patients away from harmful or ineffective ther

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Smith, Martin. The Cost of Treating Knowledge as a Mental State. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198716310.003.0005.

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This chapter is concerned with the claim that knowledge is a mental state—a claim that is often presented as one of the central tenets of knowledge first epistemology. In this chapter, it is argued that this claim carries significant costs that have not been widely appreciated. It is clear that treating knowledge as a mental state leads to externalism about the mental. While externalism is a familiar view to many, it is argued that treating knowledge as a mental state leads to a version of externalism that is, in some respects, far more radical than any version previously considered.

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Burris, Scott, Micah L. Berman, Matthew Penn, and, and Tara Ramanathan Holiday. Using Evidence and Knowledge Critically in Policy Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190681050.003.0007.

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This chapter starts with the recognition that policymaking usually precedes evidence of what laws are effective in solving the problem at hand. That does not mean that policymaking cannot be guided by evidence. Policymakers can usually draw on extensive evidence defining the problem and evidence of analogous policy cases. This chapter identifies sources of policy recommendations and direct evidence of policy impact, including systematic reviews, narrative reviews, models, cost-benefit analysis, and individual studies. It reviews strategies for identifying bias and source credibility and tools

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Deumert, Ana, Anne Storch, and Nick Shepherd, eds. Colonial and Decolonial Linguistics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793205.001.0001.

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The discipline of linguistics in general, and the field of African linguistics in particular, appear to be facing a paradigm shift. There is a strong movement away from established methodologies and theoretical approaches, especially structural linguistics and generativism, and a broad move towards critical linguistics, sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology. These developments have encouraged a greater awareness and careful discussion of basic problems of data production in linguistics, as well as the role played by the ideologies of researchers. The volume invites a critical engagemen

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Halvorsen, Tor, Hilde Ibsen, and Vyvienne RP M’kumbuzi. Knowledge for a Sustainable World: A Southern African-Nordic contribution. African Minds, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781928331049.

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The search for answers to the issue of global sustainability has become increasingly urgent. In the context of higher education, many universities and academics are seeking new insights that can shift our dependence on ways of living that rely on the exploitation of so many and the degradation of so much of our planet. This is the vision that drives SANORD and many of the researchers and institutions within its network. Although much of the research is on a relatively small scale, the vision is steadily gaining momentum, forging dynamic collaborations and pathways to new knowledge. The contrib

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Halvorsen, Tor, and Jorun Nossum, eds. North-South Knowledge Networks Towards Equitable Collaboration Between. African Minds, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/978-1-928331-30-8.

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Since the 1990s, internationalisation has become key for institutions wishing to secure funding for higher education and research. For the academic community, this strategic shift has had many consequences. Priorities have changed and been influenced by new ways of thinking about universities, and of measuring their impact in relation to each other and to their social goals. Debates are ongoing and hotly contested. In this collection, a mix of renowned academics and newer voices reflect on some of the realities of international research partnerships. They both question and highlight the agency

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Lewis, Alison. Alfred Döblin’s literary cases about women and crime in Weimar Germany. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719099434.003.0006.

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This chapter investigates examples of literary case studies by Alfred Döblin, a medical doctor and a main representative of the 1920s ‘New Objectivity’ aesthetic movement in Weimar Germany. Like fellow poet Gottfried Benn, Döblin brought his professional expertise in medicine to bear on his literary projects. Whereas his contemporaries were preoccupied with questions of social justice, Döblin was particularly interested in gender relations and the nexus between sexuality and crime, and used literature as a metaphorical laboratory to explore shocking and topical themes of the day. With his real

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Gardner, R. J. McKinlay, and David J. Amor. Gardner and Sutherland’s Chromosome Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199329007.001.0001.

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Medical geneticists and genetic counselors regularly see families attending the genetic counseling clinic with questions about chromosome abnormalities. These families may themselves have had a child affected with a chromosome condition; or, there may have been a history elsewhere in the family. The presentation may have been due to infertility or reproductive loss. Questions may include the following: What is known about this condition? What caused this to happen? Is it likely to happen again? If so, is there a way to prevent it from happening again? The power of molecular approaches to chrom

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