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Journal articles on the topic 'Knowledge contributor'
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Ahmad, Muhammad Aliif, Ab Razak Che Hussin, Halina Mohamed Dahlan, and Jamilah Mahmood. "Extending Factor of Knowledge Contributor in Sharing Knowledge." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 10 (2018): 7732–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.13008.
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Aoki, Kei. "The Relationship between Well-Being and Knowledge Sharing." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (2021): 4978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094978.
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This research studies the relationship between well-being and knowledge sharing. While user innovation has garnered greater attention in recent years, the market has failed to properly incentivize the diffusion of user innovations. This study proposes that this shortcoming could be resolved through a consumer-to-consumer (C-to-C) marketplace and sheds light on non-financial benefits for the contributors, specifically, how knowledge sharing impacts contributor well-being. This research consists of two online survey studies. In both studies, the level of well-being was compared between knowledge sharing contributors and a control group using a scale developed in positive psychology. This study empirically shows that participation in knowledge sharing has a significant positive impact on contributor well-being. In a C-to-C marketplace, contributors diffuse and monetize their creations themselves, resulting in increased well-being. Contributing to knowledge sharing may be a sufficient incentive for user innovators to diffuse their innovations. The findings of this study will gain significance as the utilization of personal knowledge increases due to the expansion of the C-to-C business and the paradigm shift in work style.
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Jennex, Murray E., and Suzanne Zyngier. "Security as a contributor to knowledge management success." Information Systems Frontiers 9, no. 5 (2007): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10796-007-9053-4.
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Yarmohammadi, Hassan, Behnam Dalfardi, Alireza Mehdizadeh, and Sina Haghighat. "Al-Akhawayni, a contributor to medieval Persian knowledge on contraception." European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care 18, no. 6 (2013): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2013.836176.
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Laitsch, Daniel A. "Nutrition and Schools Knowledge Summary." Articles 44, no. 2 (2010): 261–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/039036ar.
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Abstract This review examined 117 research articles using a policy framework generated in previous research. Findings include: students are experiencing both food insecurity and an “epidemic of obesity”; policymakers remain focused on achievement; provinces address nutrition in isolation; poverty is a significant contributor; restriction of food is not an effective treatment; nurses and training may strengthen health literacy; costs offer barriers to implementation and sustainability; teacher training, funding, nutritious foods, and health professionals are important; the impact of “one-off” programs is small; and there is limited implementation and evaluation of comprehensive approaches to school health.
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Rajaram, Gangothri, and KR Manjula. "Exploiting the Potential of VGI Metadata to Develop A Data-Driven Framework for Predicting User’s Proficiency in OpenStreetMap Context." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 11 (2019): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8110492.
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Volunteered geographic information (VGI) encourages citizens to contribute geographic data voluntarily that helps to enhance geospatial databases. VGI’s significant limitations are trustworthiness and reliability concerning data quality due to the anonymity of data contributors. We propose a data-driven model to address these issues on OpenStreetMap (OSM), a particular case of VGI in recent times. This research examines the hypothesis of evaluating the proficiency of the contributor to assess the credibility of the data contributed. The proposed framework consists of two phases, namely, an exploratory data analysis phase and a learning phase. The former explores OSM data history to perform feature selection, resulting in “OSM Metadata” summarized using principal component analysis. The latter combines unsupervised and supervised learning through K-means for user-clustering and multi-class logistic regression for user classification. We identified five major classes representing user-proficiency levels based on contribution behavior in this study. We tested the framework with India OSM data history, where 17% of users are key contributors, and 27% are unexperienced local users. The results for classifying new users are satisfactory with 95.5% accuracy. Our conclusions recognize the potential of OSM metadata to illustrate the user’s contribution behavior without the knowledge of the user’s profile information.
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Visioli, Francesco, and Christian Artaria. "Astaxanthin in cardiovascular health and disease: mechanisms of action, therapeutic merits, and knowledge gaps." Food & Function 8, no. 1 (2017): 39–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fo01721e.
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Nagaraj, Abhishek. "Information Seeding and Knowledge Production in Online Communities: Evidence from OpenStreetMap." Management Science 67, no. 8 (2021): 4908–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3764.
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The wild success of a few online communities (such as Wikipedia) has obscured the fact that most attempts at forming such communities fail. This study evaluates information seeding, an early-stage intervention to bootstrap online communities that enables contributors to build on externally sourced information rather than have them start from scratch. I analyze the effects of information seeding on follow-on contributions using data on more than 350 million contributions made by more than 577,000 contributors to OpenStreetMap, a crowd-sourced map-making community seeded with data from the U.S. Census. I estimate the effect of seeding using a natural experiment in which an oversight caused about 60% of U.S. counties to be seeded with a complete census map, while the rest were seeded with less complete versions. Although access to basic knowledge generally encourages downstream knowledge production, I find that a higher level of information seeding significantly lowered follow-on contributions and contributor activity on OpenStreetMap, and was associated with lower levels of long-term quality. However, seeding did benefit densely populated urban areas and did not discourage more committed users. To explain these patterns, I argue that information seeding can crowd out contributors’ ability to develop ownership over baseline knowledge and thereby disincentivize follow-on contributions. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
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Hardiningtyas, Tri. "KOMUNITAS PUSTAKAWAN MENULIS (Upaya Menyebarluaskan dan Melestarikan Pengetahuan)." Jurnal Pustaka Ilmiah 2, no. 1 (2019): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jpi.v2i1.33134.
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<p>The subject matter that will be discussed on the writing competence librarians as<br />contributors to and preservation of information as knowledge. This paper to explore the writing competence of librarians in contributing to the wealth of knowledge in historical knowledge. Writing of competence librarians can be done by following a community librarian wrote. This work by using the method of literature study conducted by way of data describing the authorship librarian at the time of filing the number of credits that accompanied grain authorship professional development activities. The results showed that the writing competence librarian yet provide maximum results as a contributor in the dissemination and preservation of information. The work of the librarians should be explored and pursued through the establishment of community to be able to write. Written works especially librarians who are ready to share the results of writing published in a sense as an effort dissemination and preservation of<br />information. The conclusions from this study that the competence to write librarians can play a role as contributing of knowledge, writing librarians same with other professions, yet the number of papers produced by the librarian because of a lack of effort to improve the writing competence librarians continue to be more exercise superior and capable of being the biggest contributor to the treasures of knowledge.</p><p>Keywords: librarians writing; competency of writing; library; librarian</p>
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Iyer, Reshmi R. "21st Century Pedagogy using Wikipedia." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 14, no. 1 (2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.32.4.
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When the era of Constructivismis laced with a broad range of Web2.0 tools, a new form of learning has evolved. Knowledge construction and deconstruction has become easier as the means to write and rewrite information has continued to evolve. Wikipedia is one of the most powerful instruments through which this digital revolution of knowledge creation, co-creation and access has been redefined. This paper is a treatise, exploring the ease with which Wikipedia can be assimilated within the curriculum and how even a secondary school student can add to the immense world of knowledge.
 Wikipedia is a free access, free content platform that offers every person the capability and easy-to-use tools to become a contributor of knowledge. Since its inception in 2001, the online encyclopaedia hasgrown with a burgeoning number of articles being added, modified and reviewed by contributors worldwide by the second. The very nature of the website is collaborative, thus enabling collective learning and cooperative exchange of information. Placing a student in this infinite space as a collaborative contributor of information, which is governed by the website’s stringent governance policies and is open to review and critique across the world, makes him or her a conscientious creator of verified knowledge which consolidates the learning at the highest taxonomic level of education. This curricular integration of Wikipedia could thus be the very essence of constructivism, making it a highly desirable and viable method of digitising any pedagogy.
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Cummings, Thomas G., and Chailin Cummings. "The Relevance Challenge in Management and Organization Studies: Bringing Organization Development Back In." Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 56, no. 4 (2020): 521–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021886320961855.
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We address management and organization studies’ (MOS) mounting relevance challenge of creating knowledge that matters far more to researchers than practitioners. Organization development (OD), a subfield of MOS, can help bridge the research–practice gap. OD was once a valued contributor to MOS creating applied knowledge to change and improve organizations. Yet that contribution gradually diminished and today OD is a marginal member of the MOS community. A historical–evolutionary analysis reveals the causes for that decline and suggests how to bring OD back in to address the relevance challenge. Our proposal involves the application of OD action research, an engaged and collaborative form of inquiry that creates knowledge in the service of helping organizations improve themselves.
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Su, Luyan, Ying Li, and Wenli Li. "Understanding Consumers’ Purchase Intention for Online Paid Knowledge: A Customer Value Perspective." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (2019): 5420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195420.
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Online knowledge platforms have been undergoing a transformation from providing free knowledge to online paid knowledge (OPK). As customers play a key role in the sustainable development and success of the new business model, we focused on the factors that drive consumers’ online knowledge purchase intention. Drawing on the cognitive–affective–conative framework and customer value theory, we propose that consumers rationally evaluate the customer values of OPK in the cognitive stage, followed by generating trust and identification in the affective stage, then leading to a purchase decision. Six factors were extracted from three dimensions of customer value: Functional, emotional, and social values. The hypotheses were tested using survey data obtained from 504 respondents using structural equation modeling. The findings confirm that customer value and identification with the knowledge contributor significantly influence trust in OPK. Trust in OPK and identification with the knowledge contributor both significantly influence purchase intention, whereas trust in the platform neither influences consumers’ trust in OPK nor purchase intention. The findings of this study will help OPK platforms to increase their sales of knowledge products.
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Serenko, Alexander, and Nick Bontis. "Negotiate, reciprocate, or cooperate? The impact of exchange modes on inter-employee knowledge sharing." Journal of Knowledge Management 20, no. 4 (2016): 687–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-10-2015-0394.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of exchange modes – negotiated, reciprocal, generalized, and productive – on inter-employee knowledge sharing. Design/methodology/approach Based on the affect theory of social exchange, a theoretical model was developed and empirically tested using a survey of 691 employees from 15 North American credit unions. Findings The negotiated mode of knowledge exchange, i.e. when a knowledge contributor explicitly establishes reciprocation conditions with a recipient, develops negative knowledge sharing attitude. The reciprocal mode, i.e. when a knowledge donor assumes that a receiver will reciprocate, has no effect on knowledge sharing attitude. The generalized exchange form, i.e. when a knowledge contributor believes that other organizational members may reciprocate, is weakly related to knowledge sharing attitude. The productive exchange mode, i.e. when a knowledge provider assumes he or she is a responsible citizen within a cooperative enterprise, strongly facilitates the development of knowledge sharing attitude, which, in turn, leads to knowledge sharing intentions. Practical implications To facilitate inter-employee knowledge sharing, managers should focus on the development of positive knowledge sharing culture when all employees believe they contribute to a common good instead of expecting reciprocal benefits. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to apply the affect theory of social exchange to study knowledge sharing.
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Colombo, Marco. "On Fabre’s traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)." Euscorpius 2011, no. 117 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2011.vol2011.iss117.1.
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Halatchliyski, Iassen, Tobias Hecking, Tilman Goehnert, and H. Ulrich Hoppe. "Analyzing the Main Paths of Knowledge Evolution and Contributor Roles in an Open Learning Community." Journal of Learning Analytics 1, no. 2 (2014): 72–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18608/jla.2014.12.5.
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This paper introduces the scientometric method of main path analysis and its application in an exemplary study of the paths of knowledge development and the roles of contributors in Wikiversity. Data from two scientific domains in this online learning community has been used. We see this as a step forward in adapting and adopting network analysis techniques for analyzing collaboration processes in knowledge building communities. The analysis steps are presented in detail including the description of a tool environment (“workbench”) designed for flexible use by non-computer experts. By identifying directed acyclic graphs, the meaningful interconnections between developing learning resources are analyzed by considering their temporal sequence. A schema for the visualization of the results is introduced. The potential of the method is elaborated for the evaluation of the overall learning process in different domains as well as for the individual contributions of the participants. Different outstanding roles of contributors in Wikiversity are presented and discussed
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Misron, Siti Nor Fadhlina, Lukmanul Hakim Misron, and Ang Yit Chiang. "Acute Mania as an Essential Contributor for Failed Extubation in an Asthmatic Patient: A Case Report." Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 6, no. 2 (2021): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v6i2.14944.
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Failed extubation is not uncommon in intensive care unit and are known to have high morbidity outcomes. The predictors are well-established and known to intensivist, but the complexity is to identify the contributors of these predictive factors. The failure to treat the contributing factors hampered the effort towards successful extubation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of acute mania as the essential contributor for failed extubation. This case report illustrates on how an acute mania state prompting an exacerbation of asthmatic attack due to the physical and emotional hyperarousal that ultimately led to the failed extubation.
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Arnfred, Anne Julie. "The researching art exhibition. Curatorial approaches and methods in an interdisciplinary field." Nordisk Museologi 26, no. 2 (2019): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/nm.7493.
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Building upon art theorist Simon Sheikh’s notion of two different translations of the word ‘research’ as on one hand the French recherché and on the other hand the German Forschung, the article explores the possibilities for combining art and research. Extending Sheikh’s idea of the art exhibition as Forschung, the article suggests a notion of the researching exhibition, exploring the possibilities of the art exhibition as an active contributor to, and generator of knowledge through a practice to theory approach in a (non-art) academic research project. The article contributes to reflection regarding which approaches and methods can be used in the collaborative practice-theory research process during work with the researching exhibition. It does so by examining what constitutes this type of exhibition, as well as the processes it produces and by which it is produced. The important thing is that the exhibition does not end up as a mere illustration of already conducted research, but rather as an active contributor to and facilitator of research.
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Sharma, Seema, Elizabeth M. Daniel, and Colin Gray. "Absorptive Capacity and ERP Implementation in Indian Medium-Sized Firms." Journal of Global Information Management 20, no. 4 (2012): 54–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2012100103.
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Whilst absorptive capacity has been identified as an important contributor to the effective implementation of IT systems, previous studies have failed to explicitly consider the contribution of individual and organizational knowledge processes. Nine case studies of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation were undertaken. The case studies were all undertaken in SMEs in a developing country since this is an important but under researched area for the application of the concept of absorptive capacity. A particular implication of the findings is that firms lacking knowledge of IT implementation cannot simply seek this from external sources but must develop internal organizational knowledge processes if their implementations of IT systems are to be effective. This finding is particularly pertinent to the developing country and SME context of this study, where low levels of experience within the firm and the loss of experienced staff are found to impact on the development of absorptive capacity.
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Barker, Jacqueline, Pam Moule, David Evans, Wendy Phillips, and Nick Leggett. "Developing a typology of the roles public contributors undertake to establish legitimacy: a longitudinal case study of patient and public involvement in a health network." BMJ Open 10, no. 5 (2020): e033370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033370.
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ObjectiveTo identify how public contributors established their legitimacy in the functioning of a patient and public involvement programme at a health network.DesignA longitudinal case study with three embedded units (projects) involving public contributors. Interviews (n=24), observations (n=27) and documentary data collection occurred over 16 months.SettingThe West of England Academic Health Science Network (WEAHSN), 1 of 15 regional AHSNs in England.ParticipantsInterviews were conducted with public contributors (n=5) and professionals (n=19) who were staff from the WEAHSN, its member organisations and its partners.ResultsPublic contributors established their legitimacy by using nine distinct roles: (1) lived experience, as a patient or carer; (2) occupational knowledge, offering job-related expertise; (3) occupational skills, offering aptitude developed through employment; (4) patient advocate, promoting the interests of patients; (5) keeper of the public purse, encouraging wise spending; (6) intuitive public, piloting materials suitable for the general public; (7) fresh-eyed reviewer, critiquing materials; (8) critical friend, critiquing progress and proposing new initiatives and (9) boundary spanner, urging professionals to work across organisations. Individual public contributors occupied many, but not all, of the roles.ConclusionsLived experience is only one of nine distinct public contributor roles. The WEAHSN provided a benign context for the study because in a health network public contributors are one of many parties seeking to establish legitimacy through finding valuable roles. The nine roles can be organised into a typology according to whether the basis for legitimacy lies in: the public contributor’s knowledge, skills and experience; citizenship through the aspiration to achieve a broad public good; or being an outsider. The typology shows how public contributors can be involved in work where lived experience appears to lack relevance: strategic decision making; research unconnected to particular conditions; or acute service delivery.
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Walker, Kirsten, Kerry Gardner, Angela Law, Nicole Hawkins, and Peter Hull. "Photoprotection Knowledge and Behaviours Among Organ Transplant Recipients." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 21, no. 3 (2017): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475417692728.
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Background: Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are at an increased risk of developing a de novo malignant neoplasm compared to the general population. The primary contributor to skin cancer in all patients is sun exposure. Objective: In this study, we aim to ascertain both OTR skin cancer awareness and photoprotection practices. Methods: A questionnaire-based study of Saskatchewan transplant recipients. Results: Nearly all respondents were aware that sun exposure is the best-known cause of skin cancer and that as an OTR, they are at increased risk of skin cancer (99.3% and 90.5%, respectively). Approximately half of respondents reported wearing a hat regularly, sun avoidance between 10 am and 3 pm, or wearing sunscreen regularly (53.7%, 33.1%, and 47.9%, respectively). Conclusion: Many OTRs are not engaging in photoprotection. Further intervention, which may include access to a dermatologist, is necessary to ensure ORTs do not experience undue morbidity and mortality secondary to skin cancer.
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Akram, Tayyaba, Shen Lei, Muhammad Jamal Haider, and Syed Talib Hussain. "Exploring the Impact of Knowledge Sharing on the Innovative Work Behavior of Employees: A Study in China." International Business Research 11, no. 3 (2018): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n3p186.
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This study is an attempt to find out the impact of knowledge sharing on the innovative work behavior of employees working in telecommunication sector of China. Particularly, the focus of this study is on the two important dimensions of knowledge sharing namely knowledge donating and knowledge collecting. For this purpose, data of 200 employees from telecommunication sector of China was collected and analyzed through correlation and multiple regression techniques. The results suggest that both knowledge donating and knowledge collecting are positively and significantly affect the innovative work behavior of the employees working in telecommunication industry. However, knowledge collecting was found as a better contributor in facilitating the employee innovative work behavior.
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Datta, Nitish. "Growth and Knowledge Management Strategy of Indian Commercial Banks." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 5, no. 1 (2015): 28–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2015010103.
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In this paper the author derived short run and long run optimum growth paths from short run and long run growth frontiers using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and investigated the contributing growth factors for all banks also banks segregated into different groups both in short run and long run perspective. The author's short run as well as long run findings strongly support the role knowledge capital as an important contributor to augment growth for all categories of banks. Knowledge capital forces the firms to adopt heterogeneous strategies results in heterogeneity in performance caused by barriers to imitation and inability of the firms to change the dynamic resource endowments quickly. On the contrary the finding supports the view that firm specific dynamic capabilities acquired through efficient knowledge management acts as a strategic variable for influencing performance of Indian commercial banks.
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Wyse, Sara A., and Paula A. G. Soneral. "“Is This Class Hard?” Defining and Analyzing Academic Rigor from a Learner’s Perspective." CBE—Life Sciences Education 17, no. 4 (2018): ar59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.17-12-0278.
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Despite its value in higher education, academic rigor is a challenging construct to define for instructor and students alike. How do students perceive academic rigor in their biology course work? Using qualitative surveys, we asked students to identify “easy” or “hard” courses and define which aspects of these learning experiences contributed to their perceptions of academic rigor. The 100-level students defined hard courses primarily in affective terms, responding to stressors such as fast pacing, high workload, unclear relevance to their life or careers, and low faculty support. In contrast, 300-level students identified cognitive complexity as a contributor to course rigor, but course design elements—alignment between instruction and assessments, faculty support, active pedagogy—contributed to the ease of the learning process. Overwhelmingly, all students identified high faculty support, learner-centered course design, adequate prior knowledge, and active, well-scaffolded pedagogy as significant contributors to a course feeling easy. Active-learning courses in this study were identified as both easy and hard for the very reasons they are effective: they simultaneously challenge and support student learning. Implications for the design and instruction of rigorous active-learning college biology experiences are discussed.
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Tarłowski, Andrzej. "Parent-Child Conversations About Biological Kinds as a Potential Contributor to the Variability in Biological Knowledge." Psychology of Language and Communication 23, no. 1 (2019): 238–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2019-0011.
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Abstract There is a growing body of research on variability in the early development of biological knowledge. Most of the studies focus on the variability related to culture and direct exposure to nature, however, there is also data suggesting that parental input plays an important role. In children’s first years of life, parents play a key role in scaffolding development. It is therefore very important to provide a detailed account of how parents contribute to children’s understanding of living things, and how they convey biological knowledge through everyday conversations. The present article provides a review of the literature on variability in biological knowledge and parent-child conversations about biological kinds. It also presents original data from parent-child interactions while viewing picture books. Eighteen parent-child dyads who differed in the level of parental expertise within biology, talked while viewing books containing 24 photographs of animals and plants. The speech analysis specified labeling, perceptual and conceptual descriptions, relational, and mentalistic talk. Parents also completed a questionnaire on the child’s interests. The results showed that biology expert families produced more content overall, and a higher proportion of relational content than lay families. The findings help elucidate the specific role parents have in shaping children’s early biological understanding. In particular, I discuss the role of relational language in shaping children’s ontological commitments.
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Agrawal, Yuri, Daniel M. Merfeld, Fay B. Horak, et al. "Aging, Vestibular Function, and Balance: Proceedings of a National Institute on Aging/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Workshop." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 75, no. 12 (2020): 2471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa097.
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Abstract Balance impairment and falls are among the most prevalent and morbid conditions affecting older adults. A critical contributor to balance and gait function is the vestibular system; however, there remain substantial knowledge gaps regarding age-related vestibular loss and its contribution to balance impairment and falls in older adults. Given these knowledge gaps, the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders convened a multidisciplinary workshop in April 2019 that brought together experts from a wide array of disciplines, such as vestibular physiology, neuroscience, movement science, rehabilitation, and geriatrics. The goal of the workshop was to identify key knowledge gaps on vestibular function and balance control in older adults and develop a research agenda to make substantial advancements in the field. This article provides a report of the proceedings of this workshop. Three key questions emerged from the workshop, specifically: (i) How does aging impact vestibular function?; (ii) How do we know what is the contribution of age-related vestibular impairment to an older adult’s balance problem?; and more broadly, (iii) Can we develop a nosology of balance impairments in older adults that can guide clinical practice? For each of these key questions, the current knowledge is reviewed, and the critical knowledge gaps and research strategies to address them are discussed. This document outlines an ambitious 5- to 10-year research agenda for increasing knowledge related to vestibular impairment and balance control in older adults, with the ultimate goal of linking this knowledge to more effective treatment.
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Ní Chasaide, Caitlín, and Marina A. Lynch. "The role of the immune system in driving neuroinflammation." Brain and Neuroscience Advances 4 (January 2020): 239821281990108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212819901082.
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Neuroinflammation is now recognised as an important contributory factor in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and probably also in the early stages of the disease. It is likely that this derives largely from aberrant activation of microglia, the resident mononuclear phagocytes of the brain. These cells are responsible for physiological immune surveillance and clearance of pathogens in the central nervous system, but evidence indicates that in Alzheimer’s disease, microglial function is compromised, and this contributes to the pathology. It is unclear what factors cause the inappropriate activation of the microglia in Alzheimer’s disease, but one contributor may be infiltrating peripheral immune cells and these include macrophages and T cells. It has been suggested that both cell types modulate the phenotype of microglia, highlighting the importance of crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune system in Alzheimer’s disease. This review outlines our current knowledge of how cells of the peripheral immune system, specifically macrophages and T cells, may modulate microglial phenotype in the context of Alzheimer’s disease and considers the impact on their function, especially phagocytic capacity.
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Raharjo, Hendry, Roberta Guglielmetti Mugion, Henrik Eriksson, Ida Gremyr, Laura Di Pietro, and Maria F. Renzi. "Excellence models in the public sector. Relationships between enablers and results." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 7, no. 1 (2015): 120–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-01-2015-0011.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to identify possible correlations between the stated “enablers” and “results” in excellence models, and to explain how different variables contribute to the “enablers” and “results”. A cross-case study of two different excellence models, the Common Assessment Framework (CAF) in Italy and the Swedish Institute for Quality (SIQ) model for performance excellence, is proposed. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the evaluation of assessment reports of public organizations across two countries, Italy and Sweden. Canonical correlation was used for data analysis. Two hypotheses were formulated: There is a correlation between “enablers” and “results” in the CAF model, and there is a correlation between “enablers” and “results” in the SIQ model. Findings – The results show that the hypotheses are supported. It turned out that the correlation is higher for the SIQ model than for the CAF model. For the CAF model, “strategy and planning” is the main contributor to the “enablers”, and for the SIQ model, “human resource development” is the main contributor. For the “results” set, similar criteria provide the strongest contributor for both models; these are “customer/citizen-oriented results” for the CAF and “customer satisfaction” for the SIQ. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the knowledge gained from a cross-case analysis of two different excellence models applied in public sector organizations, the CAF in Italy and the SIQ model for performance excellence in Sweden. The paper also contributes to an ongoing discussion of a need of excellence models being adapted specifically for the public sector; from this study, no support for such a sector-specific model is shown.
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Shrestha, Sharmila, S. Maharjan, S. Shrestha, and M. A. Petrini. "Knowledge about Neonatal Jaundice among Nepalese Mothers." Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbpkihs.v2i1.24965.
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Background: Worldwide, Neonatal Jaundice is one of the most common disorders and causes of avoidable brain damage and physical and mental impairment, and probable death in newborns. It is an important contributor to the high neonatal morbidity and mortality in Nepal. Objective: To assess among mothers the knowledge about neonatal jaundice.
 Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 177 mothers in selected village with convenient sampling technique.
 Results: Findings revealed that around half of the mothers (49.90%) had low level of knowledge (score <50%), 28.60% mothers had moderate level of knowledge (score 50-75%) and only 22%mothers had adequate level of knowledge (score >75%) regarding neonatal jaundice. A large proportion of mothers (84%) believed that danger sign of neonatal jaundice was unable to feed the baby. Few 11% mothers believed that mental retardation and death was the complication of neonatal jaundice. Few mothers (12%) were aware about the cause of neonatal jaundice. Around 74% believed that exposing the baby to the sunlight is the primary management of neonatal jaundice but only 2%heard about the phototherapy.
 Conclusion: Knowledge about neonatal jaundice was low among Nepalese mothers. Awareness should be created among the expecting mothers about neonatal jaundice and encourage them to take preventive measures to avert neonatal mortality and morbidity.
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Sediyono, Eko, Tundjung Mahatma, and Ina Arianti Hunga. "Knowledge Management of Traditional Batik in Central Java." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.44 (2018): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.44.26970.
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The Central Java is known as one of the important centres of batik development, and several towns and cities in the region are closely associated with batik. Those may include Pekalongan, Surakarta, Lasem, Pati, Tuban, and Semarang. Batik centres help with the sustainable development of batik in Indonesia, but –especially nowadays, efforts need to be made to pass the knowledge and skills of creating batik, so as to make it interesting, attractive, and easy. Besides, efforts are needed to retain and sustain the cultural heritage so that the Indonesian original products remain in the possession of the nation. The WIKI model enables anybody to become a contributor, putting the thoughts on batik in writing, onto the prepared WIKI. This paper discusses the application of a knowledge management method –such that of WIKI’s– that is put forward by Ikujiro Nonaka, the formulation of which is known as SECI. The good documentation of both tacit and explicit objects may enable the step-by-step tracing of knowledge, so that the original source of knowledge is known. This study also adapts a design to retrieve local knowledge and communal identity created by Chuenrudeemol, focusing on aspects of artistic, social and cultural values, and also economic values, with respect to domestic and gender issues.
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Shah, Ankit M., and Fredric E. Wondisford. "Tracking the carbons supplying gluconeogenesis." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 42 (2020): 14419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.rev120.012758.
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As the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) grows in the 21st century, the need to understand glucose metabolism heightens. Increased gluconeogenesis is a major contributor to the hyperglycemia seen in T2DM. Isotope tracer experiments in humans and animals over several decades have offered insights into gluconeogenesis under euglycemic and diabetic conditions. This review focuses on the current understanding of carbon flux in gluconeogenesis, including substrate contribution of various gluconeogenic precursors to glucose production. Alterations of gluconeogenic metabolites and fluxes in T2DM are discussed. We also highlight ongoing knowledge gaps in the literature that require further investigation. A comprehensive analysis of gluconeogenesis may enable a better understanding of T2DM pathophysiology and identification of novel targets for treating hyperglycemia.
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Taylor, Erin B. "The complex role of adipokines in obesity, inflammation, and autoimmunity." Clinical Science 135, no. 6 (2021): 731–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20200895.
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Abstract The global obesity epidemic is a major contributor to chronic disease and disability in the world today. Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, a multitude of studies have characterized the pathological changes that occur within adipose tissue in the obese state. One significant change is the dysregulation of adipokine production. Adipokines are an indispensable link between metabolism and optimal immune system function; however, their dysregulation in obesity contributes to chronic low-grade inflammation and disease pathology. Herein, I will highlight current knowledge on adipokine structure and physiological function, and focus on the known roles of these factors in the modulation of the immune response. I will also discuss adipokines in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases.
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Brady, Michael. "The forms of knowledge mobilized in some machine vision systems." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1358 (1997): 1241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0106.
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This paper describes a number of computer vision systems that we hae constructed, and which are firmly based on knowledge of diverse sorts. However, that knowledge is often represented in a way that is only accessible to a limited set of processes, that make limited use of it, and though the knowledge is amenable to change, in practice it can only be changed in rather simple ways. The rest of the paper addresses the questions: (i) what knowledge is mobilized in the furtherance of a perceptual task? (ii) how is that knowledge represented? and (iii) how is that knowledge mobilized? First we review some cases of early visual processing where the mobilization of knowledge seems to be a key contributor to success yet where the knowledge is deliberately represented in a quite inflexible way. After considering the knowledge that is involved in overcoming the projective nature of images, we move the discussion to the knowledge that was required in programs to match, register, and recognize shapes in a range of applications. Finally, we discuss the current state of process architectures for knowledge mobilization.
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Mesfin, Demamu, Belay Simane, Abrham Belay, John W. Recha, and Ute Schmiedel. "Assessing the Adaptive Capacity of Households to Climate Change in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia." Climate 8, no. 10 (2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8100106.
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This paper explores the different components of the adaptive capacity of households in the Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia and quantifies their relative contributions. The data were derived from a survey of 413 households randomly selected from four Kebeles (the smallest government administrative units) in the CRV. The adaptive capacity of the households was assessed using the Local Adaptive Capacity (LAC) framework and measured in terms of both aggregate and composite indices, with sixty indicators distributed across five major components and subcomponents. The index score for major components shows that intangible variables such as institutions and entitlements, knowledge and information, and innovation contributed to adaptive capacity better than decision–making and governance and asset–base. The composite indices for sub–components showed that the contribution of woodlands to adaptive capacity was positive and superior to other natural assets. Grazing land was the next best contributor, while farmland and water resources made a much lower contribution. The findings of this study are useful to better understand the nature of adaptive capacity and its components at the household level. This study suggests the need for an integrated assessment and enhancement of adaptive capacity with all its components rather than focusing only on asset possession as an indicator of adaptive capacity.
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Lara-Galera, Antonio, Rubén Galindo-Aires, Gonzalo Guillán-Llorente, and Vicente Alcaraz Carrillo de Albornoz. "Contribution to the knowledge of early geotechnics during the 20th century: Alec Westley Skempton." History of Geo- and Space Sciences 10, no. 2 (2019): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-10-225-2019.
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Abstract. Sir Alec Westley Skempton (4 June 1914–9 August 2001) was an English civil engineer and Professor of Soil Mechanics at Imperial College London from 1955 and Head of Department until he retired in 1981. He is often referred to as one of the founding fathers of soil mechanics in the UK and around the world and as one of the most important engineers of the 20th century. Skempton established the soil mechanics course at Imperial College London and not only helped to drive forward understanding of soil behaviours through his research and consultancy work, but also was a reference and inspiration for several engineering generations he taught. He was knighted at the New Year's Honours in 2000 for his services as engineer. He was also a notable contributor to the history of British civil engineering.
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Walujadi, Dedi. "Potensi dan Prospek Industri Kecil." Winners 7, no. 2 (2006): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/tw.v7i2.620.
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The manufacturing sector has retained its importance in the Indonesian Economy. Since 1990 it has surpassed the agricultural sector as the main contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Article analyses strenght and weaknesses of the small-scale manufacturing industries (SSIs). By ussing the economic contribution approach and the framework proposed by Pyke, based on 2003 data provided by BPS statistics Indonesiathe study investigates the SSIs performance in relation to their economic contribution, the collective efficiency, constant innovation and economic ofscope strategy. It is conluded that Pyke’s framework was not apply since SSIs facing lack of social infrastructures and knowledge, and mostly less educated compared with the larger one. The empirical evidence also shows that in terms of value added and labor absorption, its share less than 1 % and 16 % respectively of the whole of industrialsectors.
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Armstrong, DG. "Quantitative animal nutrition and metabolism: a general review." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 3 (1993): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9930333.
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Examples of increasing productivity of livestock enterprises over the last three to four decades, and the contribution to such advances, of scientific knowledge including that of the nutrition of farm livestock are referred to. Space limitations neccessitate restricting the review to consideration of ruminant livestock, with particular emphasis on ruminant digestive processes, on milk synthesis and on certain aspects of energy metabolism. Factors affecting the supply of amino acids to the host animal are referred to. The importance of synchronising N and energy supply to the rumen microorganisms to maximize microbial protein synthesis is emphasised and the need for knowledge of the extent to which particular feed proteins escape fermentation within the rumen. Concerning milk synthesis, the importance of an adequate supply of glucose or glucose precursors is mentioned as are the causes of the low milk fat syndrome. Limitations to existing knowledge of amino acid supply and milk protein synthesis are noted. Finally, aspects of ruminant energy metabolism studies are considered; particular stress is given to the importance of energy transactions in the intestinal wall as a major contributor to overall heat increment.
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Hadiwattege, Chandanie, Sepani Senaratne, Yasangika Sandanayake, and Nirodha Gayani Fernando. "Academic research in emerging knowledge-based economies." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 8, no. 4 (2018): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-12-2017-0134.
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Purpose Knowledge-based economies are popular in the present world. Simultaneously, universities are becoming more responsible for leading economic development through research. As a key contributor to the national economy, it is vital for the construction industry to move beyond outdated practices, and hence, reviewing the role of academic research in empowering the construction industry with knowledge is essential. The purpose of this paper is to focus on how relevant theories conceptualise the expected role of academic research in the innovative development of an industry and the specific location in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Design/methodology/approach Following a comprehensive literature review, empirical data were collected from the Sri Lankan context with a mixed approach informed by a pragmatist philosophical stance. The perspective of academia and industry practitioners were deductively obtained through surveys and inductively explored through qualitative interviews. Findings This study provides evidence that academic research in Sri Lanka does not contribute effectively to innovative construction management. Due to the absence of industry-focussed knowledge dissemination strategies, the academic–industry relationships are mostly non-research based. The industry lacks in research-informed-decision making, leading to lesser innovations. Research limitations/implications The research conclusions are more applicable to the developing country construction industry contexts. Practical implications The research urges the need for improved academic–industry research collaborations and strategic knowledge dissemination movements. Originality/value The research confirms that academic research is a major integral part of the developing construction industry in a knowledge-based economy. In establishing the expected role of academic research, the research revealed the current practice to be under-located. Hence, the research prescribes the necessary actions; research collaborations in major and subsequent requirements.
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Bratianu, Constantin, and Ruxandra Bejinaru. "The Theory of Knowledge Fields: A Thermodynamics Approach." Systems 7, no. 2 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems7020020.
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The emergence of knowledge economy and knowledge management revealed the need for reconsidering the concept of knowledge in a larger framework than that created by philosophers from ancient times. While the epistemology as a theory of knowledge and justification considers knowledge as a justified true belief, experts in knowledge management consider knowledge as a strategic resource. The new economic interpretation of knowledge as a strategic resource and a key contributor to achieving a competitive advantage generated a search of new metaphors to supply the attributes needed in constructing the new framework of understanding and operating with a working concept of knowledge in management. The most widespread knowledge metaphors are based on analogies with stocks, flows, and stock-and-flows. These metaphors induce, beyond some useful attributes, the Newtonian mechanics paradigm which is limited by the properties of linear spaces and reversible processes. The purpose of this paper is to show how we can enrich the theory of knowledge by introducing the concepts of knowledge fields and knowledge dynamics based on metaphorical thinking and the thermodynamics principles. The focus of our research is the energy metaphor which considers energy as a source semantic field. The main outcome of the present research is that knowledge can be considered as a field, which is manifesting in different forms like energy. This thermodynamics framework opens new directions for research in knowledge management, decision-making and leadership.
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Mamun, Abdullah Al, Naresh Kumar, Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim, and Hakimin Yusoff. "Establishing a Valid Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Knowledge and Skill." Business Perspectives and Research 6, no. 1 (2017): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2278533717730449.
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The purpose of this study is to establish a valid measure for entrepreneurial knowledge and skill from the perspectives of low-income households in Malaysia by means of reviewing the depths and progress of relevant entrepreneurial literature. In such effort, the subsequent research examines entrepreneurial skills, market orientation, sales orientation, and networking as components that will act as a set of instruments to measure “entrepreneurial knowledge and skill.” Quantitative dates were collected from a total of 800 randomly selected household heads across four districts in Kelantan, Malaysia through structured interviews. On the basis of the reliability and validity testing, this study finalized the instruments to 26 items yielding four factors, namely, entrepreneurial skills (six items), market orientation (eight items), sales orientation (nine items), and networking (three items). Findings of the reflective hierarchical model revealed that networking is the highest contributor toward entrepreneurial knowledge and skill among the low-income households in Kelantan, followed by market orientation, entrepreneurial skills, and sales orientation. It is recommended that future researchers apply and thereby extend the developed measure by cross-examining the instruments presented in this study across different income-level groups underdeveloped and developed nations.
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Turpin, Chloé, Aurélie Catan, Olivier Meilhac, Emmanuel Bourdon, François Canonne-Hergaux, and Philippe Rondeau. "Erythrocytes: Central Actors in Multiple Scenes of Atherosclerosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (2021): 5843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115843.
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The development and progression of atherosclerosis (ATH) involves lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and both vascular and blood cell dysfunction. Erythrocytes, the main circulating cells in the body, exert determinant roles in the gas transport between tissues. Erythrocytes have long been considered as simple bystanders in cardiovascular diseases, including ATH. This review highlights recent knowledge concerning the role of erythrocytes being more than just passive gas carriers, as potent contributors to atherosclerotic plaque progression. Erythrocyte physiology and ATH pathology is first described. Then, a specific chapter delineates the numerous links between erythrocytes and atherogenesis. In particular, we discuss the impact of extravasated erythrocytes in plaque iron homeostasis with potential pathological consequences. Hyperglycaemia is recognised as a significant aggravating contributor to the development of ATH. Then, a special focus is made on glycoxidative modifications of erythrocytes and their role in ATH. This chapter includes recent data proposing glycoxidised erythrocytes as putative contributors to enhanced atherothrombosis in diabetic patients.
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Antevski, Miroslav. "The adoption of new knowledge as the factor of international competitiveness." Medjunarodni problemi 62, no. 2 (2010): 314–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1002314a.
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This paper deals with the problem of adoption of new knowledge as the core factor of development and international competitiveness. Differences between countries in the level of GDP are largely caused by differences in the levels of technological development and the degree of productivity. R&D sectors and innovative activity are emerging as the key determinants of productivity growth and thus the international competitiveness of nations. The international diffusion of knowledge is an important contributor to the innovation in the national country. Different channels of knowledge diffusion have a different developmental potentials for the host country. FDI and TNCs investment are considered to be a large potential source of new technology and knowledge for host countries. The more technologies brought in the host country, the larger is the scope for technology and knowledge spillovers. Such effects may be significant, but they depend to a large extent on host countries' ability to accept and adopt available technologies and knowledge. If the technology gap between countries is too large, then the spillovers may not materialize.
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Ferrario, Carlos M., Sarfaraz Ahmad, Jasmina Varagic, et al. "Intracrine angiotensin II functions originate from noncanonical pathways in the human heart." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 311, no. 2 (2016): H404—H414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00219.2016.
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Although it is well-known that excess renin angiotensin system (RAS) activity contributes to the pathophysiology of cardiac and vascular disease, tissue-based expression of RAS genes has given rise to the possibility that intracellularly produced angiotensin II (Ang II) may be a critical contributor to disease processes. An extended form of angiotensin I (Ang I), the dodecapeptide angiotensin-(1–12) [Ang-(1–12)], that generates Ang II directly from chymase, particularly in the human heart, reinforces the possibility that an alternative noncanonical renin independent pathway for Ang II formation may be important in explaining the mechanisms by which the hormone contributes to adverse cardiac and vascular remodeling. This review summarizes the work that has been done in evaluating the functional significance of Ang-(1–12) and how this substrate generated from angiotensinogen by a yet to be identified enzyme enhances knowledge about Ang II pathological actions.
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Frisbee, Jefferson C., Fan Wu, Adam G. Goodwill, Joshua T. Butcher, and Daniel A. Beard. "Spatial heterogeneity in skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow distribution is increased in the metabolic syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 301, no. 4 (2011): R975—R986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00275.2011.
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Previous studies have demonstrated that the metabolic syndrome is associated with impaired skeletal muscle arteriolar function, although integrating observations into a conceptual framework for impaired perfusion in peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has been limited. This study builds on previous work to evaluate in situ arteriolar hemodynamics in cremaster muscle of obese Zucker rats (OZR) to integrate existing knowledge into a greater understanding of impaired skeletal muscle perfusion. In OZR cremaster muscle, perfusion distribution at microvascular bifurcations (γ) was consistently more heterogeneous than in controls. However, while consistent, the underlying mechanistic contributors were spatially divergent as altered adrenergic constriction was the major contributor to altered γ at proximal microvascular bifurcations, with a steady decay with distance, while endothelial dysfunction was a stronger contributor in distal bifurcations with no discernible role proximally. Using measured values of γ, we found that simulations predict that successive alterations to γ in OZR caused more heterogeneous perfusion distribution in distal arterioles than in controls, an effect that could only be rectified by combined adrenoreceptor blockade and improvements to endothelial dysfunction. Intravascular 125I-labeled albumin tracer washout from in situ gastrocnemius muscle of OZR provided independent support for these observations, indicating increased perfusion heterogeneity that was corrected only by combined adrenoreceptor blockade and improved endothelial function. These results suggest that a defining element of PVD in the metabolic syndrome may be an altered γ at microvascular bifurcations, that its contributors are heterogeneous and spatially distinct, and that interventions to rectify this negative outcome must take a new conceptual framework into account.
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Akuneme, Chioma Christiana, and Kingsley Chinaza Nwosu. "French and Chinese Third Language Learners’ Communication Apprehension in a Nigerian University: Influence of Prior Knowledge and Their Demographic Profiles." Journal of Educational and Social Research 11, no. 5 (2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0105.
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Our study examined the influence of third language learners’ prior knowledge and socio-demographic variables on their communication apprehension. Two hundred and twenty-six third language learners (French n=136 and Chinese n= 90) participated in the study. Data obtained were subjected to point-biserial, multiple regression and t-test statistics. We found that participants’ prior knowledge of their target languages has significant main effects on their communication apprehension. Significant mean differences occurred in the level of communication apprehension as a result of participants’ gender, language of specialization and level of parental education. Regression analysis showed that the joint contribution of prior knowledge, parental level of education, language of specialization and gender on third language learners’ communication apprehension was significant; contributing 13.4% to explain the variances in response. Language of specialization and prior knowledge made significant individual contributions to students’ communication apprehension with language of specialization being the most individual contributor to the variances in students’ responses. Our study has implications for curriculum planners given that if third language curricula are designed to link what is learnt in the university to what is learnt at the primary and secondary schools, learners will find the target language familiar, which may help them overcome the feelings of communication apprehension. Received: 4 May 2021 / Accepted: 12 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
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Santos, Karin dos. "Brazilian plant specimens at the Regnellian herbarium: history and repatriation." Rodriguésia 67, no. 4 (2016): 879–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667403.
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Abstract This article visits the history of Brazil-Sweden's partnership in botany and the contribution of Anders Fredrik Regnell and other botanical collectors to the knowledge of Brazilian flora. The importance of the herbarium of Stockholm (S) is widely recognized for its collections of Brazilian plants, one of the largest in the world. The majority of the collections from Brazil date from the period between the second half of nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. The main collectors of Brazilian flora from that phase, whose bulk of collections are in Stockholm are Anders Regnell, Gustaf Malme, Per Dusén, Carl Lindman and many others sponsored by the Regnellian fund. The herbarium also houses substantial collections of August Glaziou, a great contributor to the knowledge of the flora of state of Goiás, and Adolf Ducke, pioneer in the taxonomy of Amazonian tree species. The cooperation between Brazil and Sweden is currently being renewed through Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden and the Reflora Program, allowing repatriation of Brazilian specimens housed in Stockholm.
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Yanghong, Tan, Zhang Haixia, and Zhou Ye. "A Simple-to-Implement Fault Diagnosis Method for Open Switch Fault in Wind System PMSG Drives without Threshold Setting." Energies 11, no. 10 (2018): 2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102571.
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The conversion system is a major contributor to failure rates. These faults lead to time and cost consuming. Fault diagnosis capabilities pay as a solver to achieve a steady system. This paper presents a full analysis of permanent magnet synchronous generator wind system (PMSGWS) and proposes a special RMS voltage-based fault diagnosis method. The full analysis presents a comprehensive knowledge of faulty behaviors especially under arm current flowing or cutting off. Due to enough knowledge of faulty behaviors, the implementation of the detection method without threshold setting is contributed by the special RMS voltage. Its sample period is set longer than the time of the maximum pulse width ratio (MPR) and shorter than the fault show time of lower tube voltage. Due to this, the detection speed and robustness are achieved. By these simple settings for the fault diagnosis method, the faulty switch is detected in less than 1/4 of the period. Simulation and experimental results confirm the validity and feasibility of the new proposed fault detection method.
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Puplampu, Bill Buenar, and Chris Lewis. "Geopolitical diversity in Occupational and Organisational Psychology: shaking off historical comforts and confronting real-world challenges." Journal of the British Academy 9s1 (2021): 257–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/jba/009s1.257.
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This article explores the limited and myopic theoretical and research resource base of Occupational and Organisational Psychology (OOP), a field which is a major contributor to global management thinking and practice. As a field, OOP has tackled many work-related human challenges. Considerable progress in both theory and practice in nearly 120 years of active engagement with society has led to theories of work, motivation, selection, performance, organisational behaviour, and development. Much of OOP work now informs and interfaces various Human Resource and general management initiatives. These advances notwithstanding, we note a major gap: the lack of diversity in the geopolitical and international sources of OOP theory. This article argues that to migrate theory and research into impactful practice�globally�OOP must engage a deliberate process of fostering alternative, autochthonous, and indigenous knowledge from geopolitical areas which are under-represented. The article proposes corrective actions and agendas which would assist OOP become more diverse and support the growth of Africa�s contribution to global knowledge production in the work and organisational sciences.
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Lipka, Jerry. "Indigenous Knowledge and Navigating the Rising Tides of Climate Change and Other Existential Threats." Revista Latinoamericana de Etnomatemática Perspectivas Socioculturales de la Educación Matemática 13, no. 3 (2020): 29–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/relatem.20133.66.
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Indigenous people whose way of life remains closely connected to their traditional lands are experiencing additional existential threats to culture and language, now exacerbated by climate change. Yet, Traditional Ecological Knowledge is being recognized as a potential contributor in addressing this crisis. Five case vignettes presented in this paper illustrate the depth of resistance, resilience, and adaptation demonstrated by Indigenous people in the face of previous threats to culture and language. ural Alaska, the Federated States of Micronesia, and the Marshall Islands, the setting of the vignettes.. Though their locations, history, and customs vary, they share an underlying similarity in the urgency expressed for their Traditional Ecological Knowledge and to use it in adaptive ways that lead to sustainability. An outlier case is included, as it illustrates a different strategy that results in novel and accessible steps to combat climate change.
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Brindley, David N., Bernard P. C. Kok, Petra C. Kienesberger, Richard Lehner, and Jason R. B. Dyck. "Shedding light on the enigma of myocardial lipotoxicity: the involvement of known and putative regulators of fatty acid storage and mobilization." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 298, no. 5 (2010): E897—E908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00509.2009.
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Excessive fatty acid (FA) uptake by cardiac myocytes is often associated with adverse changes in cardiac function. This is especially evident in diabetic individuals, where increased intramyocardial triacylglycerol (TG) resulting from the exposure to high levels of circulating FA has been proposed to be a major contributor to diabetic cardiomyopathy. At present, our knowledge of how the heart regulates FA storage in TG and the hydrolysis of this TG is limited. This review concentrates on what is known about TG turnover within the heart and how this is likely to be regulated by extrapolating results from other tissues. We also assess the evidence as to whether increased TG accumulation protects against FA-induced lipotoxicity through limiting the accumulations of ceramides and diacylglycerols versus whether it is a maladaptive response that contributes to cardiac dysfunction.
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Basorudin, Muhammad, Nurul Afifah, Aniisa Rizqi, Muhammad Yusuf, Nadia Humairo, and Laila Marwinda Siami Nugraheni. "ANALISIS LOCATION QUOTIENT DAN SHIFT SHARE SEKTOR PARIWISATA SEBAGAI INDIKATOR LEADING SECTOR DI INDONESIA." ECOBISMA (JURNAL EKONOMI, BISNIS DAN MANAJEMEN) 8, no. 1 (2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36987/ecobi.v8i1.1855.
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Tourism is an important sector in supporting national development programs as the largest foreign exchange contributor. But in reality it has a relatively small contribution to GDP. To improve the economy effectively and efficiently, knowledge of provinces that have potential tourism is needed. Based on the results of LQ analysis and 2014 and 2015 quadrant analysis, potential provinces are the provinces of Bali, DKI Jakarta, East Java and DI Yogyakarta. In addition, based on the results of DLQ's analysis, the potential provinces in developing the tourism sector in the future are Aceh, Riau, Jambi, Papua, Bengkulu, South Kalimantan, Lampung, North Sumatra, and East Java. Overall, the tourism sector in East Java Province is a base sector in 2014 and 2015 and remains a base sector in the future.