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Richardson, Nona Elizabeth. "An operator induction tool supporting knowledge engineering in planning." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2008. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/2607/.
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Within the field 'artificial intelligence' are many disciplines, one of which is planning. Planning seeks to find a suitable sequence of actions to carry out a task specified as a set of initial states for the objects involved in the actions and a required goal state. To do this the system has to have enough knowledge about the 'world' in the form of a planning domain model The process of constructing a planning domain model requires knowledge engineering. The structuring of the knowledge is important and hand-coding a domain model is a tedious and error-prone process. Static knowledge in the domain requires little update but the same cannot be said for the dynamic knowledge.
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Grosse, Philippe. "Application of knowledge engineering techniques for managing operational expertise of transmission network operator." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249049.
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Sjö, Kristoffer. "Semantics and Implementation of Knowledge Operators in Approximate Databases." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2438.
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In order that epistemic formulas might be coupled with approximate databases, it is necessary to have a well-defined semantics for the knowledge operator and a method of reducing epistemic formulas to approximate formulas. In this thesis, two possible definitions of a semantics for the knowledge operator are proposed for use together with an approximate relational database:
* One based upon logical entailment (being the dominating notion of knowledge in literature); sound and complete rules for reduction to approximate formulas are explored and found not to be applicable to all formulas.
* One based upon algorithmic computability (in order to be practically feasible); the correspondence to the above operator on the one hand, and to the deductive capability of the agent on the other hand, is explored.
Also, an inductively defined semantics for a"know whether"-operator, is proposed and tested. Finally, an algorithm implementing the above is proposed, carried out using Java, and tested.
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Bhatnagar, Rajiv. "A knowledge-based operator advisor system for integration of fault detection, control, and diagnosis to enhance the safe and reliable operation of nuclear power plants /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148767110830585.
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Almeida, Neto Honor Affonso de. "Gestão do conhecimento aplicada à gestão de riscos: aplicação do operador epistemológico tácido aos conceitos de Basiléiia II." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/5515.
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Previous issue date: 2006-04-20T00:00:00ZThis paper aims to provide a vision on the impact of the deployment of the Epistemological Tacit Operator, a tool of Knowledge Management, on the banking activity, through a case study. Particularly, it analyses the use and consequences to improve the Organizational Intelligence. Starting with a vision of Knowledge Management, it demonstrates the importance of the human being as the center of the Organizational Intelligence, in a cognitive way little seen on the literature, dominated by examples of Information Technology. It considers Organizational Intelligence must be exercised in context of action, since 'it's not enough to state that Intelligence is the most important asset of an organization, it's imperative that this statement be transformed in strategies and plans to achieve better performance'. The formulation of strategy is the own exercise of intelligence, since it deals with the choices of the organization and the nurturing of its competences. At last, a case study is made on the Epistemological Tacit Operator to consolidate the knowledge of a financial institution and propose new strategies of risk management necessary for Basel II requirements.
Este trabalho visa prover uma visão sobre o impacto da implementação do Operador Epistemológico Tácito, ferramenta de Gestão do Conhecimento, na atividade bancária através de um estudo de caso. Em especial, analisa o uso e suas conseqüências para a melhoria da Inteligência Organizacional. Começando por uma visão de Gestão do Conhecimento, demonstra a importância do ser humano como epicentro da Inteligência Organizacional, numa abordagem cognitivista pouco explorada na literatura, dominada por exemplos de Tecnologia de Informação. Considera-se que a Inteligência Organizacional deve ser exercida no contexto da ação, pois 'não basta somente afirmar que a inteligência é o ativo mais importante de uma organização, é imperativo que essa afirmação se transforme em estratégias e planos para atingir um melhor desempenho'. A formulação da estratégia é o próprio exercício da inteligência, pois lida com as escolhas da organização e o amadurecimento de suas competências. Por fim, faz-se um estudo de caso do Operador Epistemológico Tácito para a consolidação do conhecimento de uma instituição financeira e proposição de novas estratégias de gestão de risco advindas dos requerimentos de Basiléia II.
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Grant, Timothy John. "Inductive learning of knowledge-based planning operators." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1996. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6686.
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Alqatawni, Tahsen H. "Relationship between Financial Knowledge and Business Performance for Truck Owner-Operators." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2047.
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Owner-operator lack of knowledge about financial and operation costs is a serious impediment to business survival. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between the knowledge of financial and operational costs among trucking owner-operators and their business performance. The theoretical framework for the study was the resource-based theory and knowledge gap theory. A convenience sample of 78 owner-operator truckers across the United States participated in this study. The response rate was 17% for a web-based survey that was distributed to owner-operators in Facebook, and 83% for the paper-based surveys from the owner-operators who were visiting more than 10 truck stops in Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. The findings from multiple linear regression analysis indicated a significant relationship between the trucking owner-operators' financial knowledge, operational costs knowledge, and financial performance. A significant relationship also existed between the financial knowledge of trucking owner-operators, operational costs knowledge, and nonfinancial performance. The findings of this study provide the owner-operator with a better understanding of factors that relate to business performance, which may inform their reasons for successes and failures. The implications for social change will occur if the failure rate of owner-operators declines and the opportunities for sustainable businesses increase. Sustainable owner-operator performance could lead to higher employment by the trucking industry and contribute to a better economy
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Chen, Bing Hui. "Feature extraction and knowledge discovery in process operation analysis." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1998. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/626/.
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An integrated framework for process monitoring is developed in this study which consists of three components: (1) feature extraction from dynamic transient signals using multiscale wavelet transform; (2) operational state identification using unsupervised and recursive learning methods; and (3) automatic extraction of knowledge rules from process operational data and embedding of the extracted knowledge in the structure and weights of fuzzy-neural networks. The methodologies and the prototype system which have been developed are illustrated and evaluated using data collected from a dynamic simulator of a refinery catalytic cracking process. Methods for pre-processing dynamic transient signals for feature extraction, dimension reduction and noise removal are investigated and a new method is developed which makes use of wavelet transform to determine the singularities and irregularities of a dynamic transient signal by identifying the extrema from wavelet multiresolution analysis. The method is able to reduce the dimensionality of the data and removes noise components in a single step as well as capturing the most significant components of the dynamic response. A modified version of the unsupervised neural network ART2, designated ARTNET, has been developed which uses wavelet feature extraction to provide a substitution of the data pre-processing part of ART2. ARTNET is shown to be more effective in avoiding the adverse effects of noise, less sensitive to user defined parameters and faster in computation, as well as still retaining the advantages of unsupervised and recursive learning. Based on this, a fuzzy neural network is developed which is able to automatically extract knowledge rules from process data. The knowledge rules which are generated are transparent and explicit to operators. The method is therefore able to bridge the gap between numerical data and qualitative knowledge and takes advantage of the features of neural networks for capturing concepts and so provides an effective and robust method for learning knowledge from process data. Various methods for integrating different facets of a problem, and making use of this information in parallel to mutually compensate for drawbacks of any single approach are also exploited. Data obtained from a dynamic simulator of a refinery fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC) has been used to illustrate the methodologies and to evaluate a prototype system for using these new approaches. FCC provides a very useful case study because of the highly non-linear dynamics arising from the strong interactions between the reactor and fluidised bed regenerator derived from the mass and momentum balance. The use of simulation data makes it possible to look at the results in detail so that the methods can be fully tested. The case studies illustrate the potential of the methods developed.
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Strass, Hannes. "Approximating Operators and Semantics for Abstract Dialectical Frameworks." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-102943.
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We provide a systematic in-depth study of the semantics of abstract dialectical frameworks (ADFs), a recent generalisation of Dung\'s abstract argumentation frameworks. This is done by associating with an ADF its characteristic one-step consequence operator and defining various semantics for ADFs as different fixpoints of this operator. We first show that several existing semantical notions are faithfully captured by our definition, then proceed to define new ADF semantics and show that they are proper generalisations of existing argumentation semantics from the literature. Most remarkably, this operator-based approach allows us to compare ADFs to related nonmonotonic formalisms like Dung argumentation frameworks and propositional logic programs. We use polynomial, faithful and modular translations to relate the formalisms, and our results show that both abstract argumentation frameworks and abstract dialectical frameworks are at most as expressive as propositional normal logic programs.
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Callaghan, James. "The implementation and operation of Intranets and Extranets : three case studies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368610.
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Lane, David M. "The investigation of a knowledge based system architecture in the context of a subsea robotic application." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1032.
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Zafar, Morwari. "COIN-operated anthropology : cultural knowledge, American counterinsurgency and the rise of the Afghan diaspora." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f0b8e443-4038-4f95-832b-13034a43f8d6.
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This thesis explores the encounter between the Afghan-American community and the U.S. military-industrial complex in the production of cultural knowledge for counterinsurgency (COIN) operations in Afghanistan. It focuses on the narratives mobilized as 'expertise' by Afghan-American contractors from the major diaspora hubs in California and Virginia, who were employed as role-players, translators, and cultural advisors by the U.S. military and defense contractors. I discuss how such narratives gained currency and shaped the perceptions of Afghanistan in the U.S. foreign and security policy communities. The goal of the thesis is to demonstrate the extent to which COIN-centered cultural knowledge production both defined political strategies toward Afghanistan and also reconstituted the Afghan diaspora in America. The thesis contributes to emergent ethnographic studies on militarism by looking at its effect on American society in general and the Afghan diaspora in particular. The broader application of the thesis findings is to move beyond critiques of the troubled connection between anthropology and the military, and to analyze the relationship between citizens and the state in terms of national and biopolitical security.
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Edman, Anneli. "Combining Knowledge Systems and Hypermedia for User Co-operation and Learning." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Dept. of Information Science [Institutionen för informationsvetenskap], Univ, 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-506-1526-2/.
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Ritchie, J. A. "Knowledge discovery and data mining : operation of the Ireland power system." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432508.
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Marra, Marianna. "Indirect ties in knowledge networks : a social network analysis with ordered weighted averaging operators." Thesis, Aston University, 2015. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/25303/.
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This PhD thesis analyses networks of knowledge flows, focusing on the role of indirect ties in the knowledge transfer, knowledge accumulation and knowledge creation process. It extends and improves existing methods for mapping networks of knowledge flows in two different applications and contributes to two stream of research. To support the underlying idea of this thesis, which is finding an alternative method to rank indirect network ties to shed a new light on the dynamics of knowledge transfer, we apply Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) to two different network contexts. Knowledge flows in patent citation networks and a company supply chain network are analysed using Social Network Analysis (SNA) and the OWA operator. The OWA is used here for the first time (i) to rank indirect citations in patent networks, providing new insight into their role in transferring knowledge among network nodes; and to analyse a long chain of patent generations along 13 years; (ii) to rank indirect relations in a company supply chain network, to shed light on the role of indirectly connected individuals involved in the knowledge transfer and creation processes and to contribute to the literature on knowledge management in a supply chain. In doing so, indirect ties are measured and their role as means of knowledge transfer is shown. Thus, this thesis represents a first attempt to bridge the OWA and SNA fields and to show that the two methods can be used together to enrich the understanding of the role of indirectly connected nodes in a network. More specifically, the OWA scores enrich our understanding of knowledge evolution over time within complex networks. Future research can show the usefulness of OWA operator in different complex networks, such as the on-line social networks that consists of thousand of nodes.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Repräsentation und Operation." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-149263.
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Den Begriff "Dispositiv" hat Foucault nicht viel länger als den des "Archivs" benutzt. Nach seinem eigenen Bekenntnis sind Begriffe nur "Werkzeuge" des Analysierens, einer methodologischen Fixierung war er grundsätzlich abhold und privilegierte lieber die Erfindung passender Kategorien im konkreten Zusammenhang historischer Forschungen. Vom Dispositiv spricht er am ausführlichsten im Zusammenhang mit seinem Spätwerk, der "Geschichte der Sexualität". Der Begriff ist jenseits dieses Verwendungszusammenhangs allerdings auch anderweitig erfolgreich benutzt worden, und kann auch im hier angesprochenen Zusammenhang eine gewisse Geltung beanspruchen.
Als Dispositiv kann eine Bibliothek im Foucaultschen Sinne angesehen werden, wenn institutionelle, administrative und architektonische
Gesichtspunkte im Sinne eines Ensembles oder eines Netzwerks rekonstruierbar sind. Dafür liegen in Wolfenbüttel jedenfalls eine Reihe von historischen Zeugnissen vor. Oie Bibliothek als Dispositiv zu verstehen, bedeutet weiterhin, das intellektuelle Unternehmen ihrer Anlage und Disposition, ihrer Vermehrung und ihrer Verfügbarkeit, im Zusammenhang mit administrativen, institutionellen Maßnahmen und allgemein einer Politik ihrer Handhabung zu sehen.
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Manataki, Areti. "Analysing supply chain operation dynamics through logic-based modelling and simulation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7687.
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Supply Chain Management (SCM) is becoming increasingly important in the modern business world. In order to effectively manage and integrate a supply chain (SC), a deep understanding of overall SC operation dynamics is needed. This involves understanding how the decisions, actions and interactions between SC members affect each other, and how these relate to SC performance and SC disruptions. Achieving such an understanding is not an easy task, given the complex and dynamic nature of supply chains. Existing simulation approaches do not provide an explanation of simulation results, while related work on SC disruption analysis studies SC disruptions separately from SC operation and performance. This thesis presents a logic-based approach for modelling, simulating and explaining SC operation that fills these gaps. SC members are modelled as logicbased intelligent agents consisting of a reasoning layer, represented through business rules, a process layer, represented through business processes and a communication layer, represented through communicative actions. The SC operation model is declaratively formalised, and a rule-based specification is provided for the execution semantics of the formal model, thus driving the simulation of SC operation. The choice of a logic-based approach enables the automated generation of explanations about simulated behaviours. SC disruptions are included in the SC operation model, and a causal model is defined, capturing relationships between different types of SC disruptions and low SC performance. This way, explanations can be generated on causal relationships between occurred SC disruptions and low SC performance. This approach was analytically and empirically evaluated with the participation of SCM and business experts. The results indicate the following: Firstly, the approach is useful, as it allows for higher efficiency, correctness and certainty about explanations of SC operation compared to the case of no automated explanation support. Secondly, it improves the understanding of the domain for non-SCM experts with respect to their correctness and efficiency; the correctness improvement is significantly higher compared to the case of no prior explanation system use, without loss of efficiency. Thirdly, the logic-based approach allows for maintainability and reusability with respect to the specification of SC operation input models, the developed simulation system and the developed explanation system.
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Kiviniemi-Svensson, Johanna. "Övergång mellan förskola och förskoleklass : En inblick i hur pedagoger ser på kunskap, social förmåga och samverkan." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-15901.
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The curriculum of the Swedish school system explains how the transitions between the preschool class and the pre-school should be. The co-operation between the organisations should aim for a long term perspective with the students learning process in mind (Lgr11). The pre-school has almost the same aim in their curriculum, as the curriculum of the Swedish school system. The aim with my study is to examine how the teachers from the different organizations relate to knowledge and how they look at the students social interactions. Also how the transition between the pre-school and the pre-school class is viewed from their point of view. How do the teachers from the different organisations comprehend knowledge? How do the teachers from the different organisations comprehend the social abilities? How do the teachers from the different organisations work and interact in terms of the transition between the pre-school and the pre-school class? The study that has been made is about the transitions between the pre-school and the pre-school class. It´s been investigated by doing interviews with teachers from both the pre-school and the pre-school class. The result from these is that the teachers from the different organisations have the same view about knowledge and social interactions. They didn´t have the same view at Co-operation this because their organizations was structured in a different way and also they hadn´t any guidelines to follow.
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Avkhadieva, Irina. "The Open Platform for Design and Operation of Networked Enterprises : Agile Knowledge Architecture Frameworks." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-27054.
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The first version of the Network Enterprise Criteria and Capabilities Framework (NECCAF)has been described. Criteria are defined in a structure reflecting the demands and users of an Open Collaborative and Enterprise Platform (OCEP). The work performed is based on access to NTNU and Commitment project results, European Research proposals and open references found on the Internet and through personal contacts. This version of NECCAF is valuable input to projects to implement sector - specific solutions, active knowledge architecture and operational OCEPs. This work needs to be performed in several projects for each sector involving users, customers,architects and method experts. Sector NECCAF reference knowledge architectures can then be realized to enhance the launching of new networked enterprises. This will change societies and businesses.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Ordnung als Schema und als Operation." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-149236.
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"Archiv" ist bei Foucault der Titel für eine historische Größe der Wissensgeschichte, die unter bestimmten Bedingungen der Sagbarkeit
zustande kommt und diese zugleich wirksam macht: "Das Archiv ist zunächst das Gesetz dessen, was gesagt werden kann, das System, das das Erscheinen der Aussagen als einzelner Ereignisse beherrscht. Aber das Archiv ist auch das, was bewirkt, daß all diese gesagten Dinge sich nicht bis ins Unendliche in einer amorphen Vielfalt anhäufen, sich auch nicht in eine bruchlose Linearität einschreiben und nicht allein schon bei zufälligen äußeren Umständen verschwinden; sondern daß sie sich in distinkten Figuren anordnen, sich aufgrund vielfältiger Beziehungen miteinander verbinden, gemäß spezifischen Regelmäßigkeiten sich behaupten ( ... )." Archiv in diesem Sinn ist so etwas wie ein Ermöglichungsgrund von Diskursivität, eine Instanz der historischen Analyse, die das Gesagte in seiner Existenz verständlich macht. In dieser Beziehung soll der Begriff im folgenden auf eine Bibliothek bezogen werden, die wie keine andere das Wissen das 17. Jahrhunderts repräsentiert. So kann man jedenfalls sprechen, wenn man im Hinblick auf die in Wolfenbüttel vollendete Büchersammlung blickt, die nicht nur die zweit- oder drittgrößte Bibliothek war, als ihr Gründer, Herzog August, 1666 starb, sondern die mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit umfangreichste jemals von einem einzelnen Menschen mit größter Sorgfalt zusammengetragene Bibliothek überhaupt ist.
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au, ypower@bigpond com, and Yvonne Power. "The Development of an Integrated Process Operation Management System." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040810.133453.
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This project details the development of a new framework known as the Coordinated Knowledge Management method to enable complete task integration of all low and midlevel tasks for process industries. The framework overcomes past problems of task integration, which made it impossible to have a fully integrated system and with integration being limited to data acquisition, regulatory control and occasionally supervisory control.
The main component of the project includes the use of hierarchically structured timed place Petri nets, which have not previously been used for integrating tasks in intelligent process operations management. Tasks which have been integrated include all low-level tasks such as data acquisition, regulatory control and data reconciliation, and all mid-level tasks including supervisory control and most significantly the integration of process monitoring fault detection and diagnosis.
The Coordinated Knowledge Management method makes use of hierarchical timed place Petri nets to (i) coordinate tasks, (ii) monitor the system, (iii) activate tasks, (iv) send requests for data updates and (iv) receive notice when tasks are complete. Visualization of the state of the system is achieved through the moving tokens in the Petri net. The integration Petri nets are generic enough to be applied to any plant for integration using existing modules thus allowing the integration of different tasks, which use different problem solving methodologies.
Integrating tasks into an intelligent architecture has been difficult to achieve in the past since the developed framework must be able to take into account information flow and timing in a continuously changing environment. In this thesis Petri nets have been applied to continuous process operations rather than to batch processes as in the past. In a continuous process, raw materials are fed and products are delivered continuously at known flow-rates and the plant is generally operated at steady state (Gu and Bahri, 2002).
However, even in a continuous process, data is received from the distributed control system (DCS) at discrete time intervals. By transforming this data into process events, a Petri net can be used for overseeing process operations. The use of hierarchical Petri nets as the coordination mechanism introduces inherent hierarchy without the rigidity of previous methods. Petri nets are used to model the conditions and events occurring within the system and modules. This enables the development of a self-monitoring system, which takes into account information flow and timing in a continuously changing environment. Another major obstacle to integration of tasks in the past has been the presence of faults in the process. The project included the integration of fault detection and diagnosis a component not integrated into current systems but which is necessary to prevent abnormal plant operation. A novel two-step supervisory fault detection and diagnosis framework was developed and tested for the detection and diagnosis of faults in large-scale systems, using condition-event nets for fault detection and Radial Basis Function neural networks for fault diagnosis. This fault detection and diagnosis methodology detects and diagnoses faults in the early stages of fault occurrence, before fault symptoms propagate throughout the plant.
The Coordinated Knowledge Management method and the newly developed fault diagnosis module were developed in G21 and applied and tested on the Separation and Heating sections of the Pilot plant for the Bayer process at the School of Engineering Science, Murdoch University. Testing indicated that the use of an intelligent system comprising of Petri nets for integration of tasks results in improved plant performance and makes the plant easier to monitor increasing profits. The fault detection and diagnosis module was found to be useful in detecting faults very early on and diagnosing the exact location of faults, which would otherwise prove to be difficult to detect. This would also increase plant safety, reduce wastage and improve environmental considerations of the plant.
References
Gensym Corporation (1999). G2 Reference Manual (Version 5.0), Cambridge, MA. Gu, T. and P. Bahri (2002). A Survey of Petri Net Applications in Batch Processes, Computers in Industry, 47 (1), p. 99 111.
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Morin, Jean-François. "Conception of an intelligent tutoring system in cost engineering : knowledge representation, pedagogical interactions, and system operation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38158.pdf.
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Tang, Xiaoming. "Contribution à la conception des systèmes à base de connaissances temps réel pour l'aide au contrôle de procédés continus." Valenciennes, 1989. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/14214bfb-9aa9-4aef-b529-a5014cdbc3f6.
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Etude des problèmes théoriques et techniques liés à la réalisation des systèmes à base de connaissances pour assister en temps réel les taches décisionnelles des opérateurs en salle de contrôle des procédés continus : détection de dysfonctionnement, diagnostic et reprise.
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Lagercrantz, Victor. "Lost the way? : Knowledge transfers from individuals to organisations in the field of Swedish aid co-operation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76023.
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This thesis is focusing on how knowledge transfers could be enhanced within aid co-operation contributing to more sustainable results. The research will use the theory of knowledge transfers from the field of economics and development of firms, especially the work done by Dixon, Szulanski, King and McGrath. The theory highlights the need that regulatory documents and organisations address knowledge transfers and value them. Still the findings indicates that this is not the case in the Swedish context and that the documents are focused on the assumption the individual capability is automatically transferred to organizational capacity, this is not supported by the theoretical framework. The study will focus on one of many competence development programs of Sida namely the ITP-programs and particularly on the ITP-programs focus on increasing individual capability and how this should contribute to a country’s development. The findings indicate that there is coherence between the factors and hindrances of success and the theoretical framework. Furthermore there could be a relationship between gaining more sustainable results if enhancing the knowledge transfer. One interesting conclusion is that there could be a connection between the ongoing debate of western ideologies impact on aid co-operation and the opinion of the knowledge from Swedish ITP-programs.
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Sundien, Christina. "Lärande mellan projekt och förvaltning : En studie på ett svenskt fastighetsbolag." Thesis, KTH, Ledning och organisering i byggande och förvaltning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277004.
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Kunskap är en av de viktigaste tillgångarna inom en organisation. Hur man tar tillvara på kunskapen i syfte för att öka ett lärande är av stor betydelse. Inom byggindustrin idag finns en begränsad grad utav lärande från redan driftsatta byggnader. Förvaltningen har stor kunskap om byggnaden gällande kvalitet och funktion samt har daglig kontakt med slutanvändarna. Byggindustrin består dessutom ofta av tillfälliga projektorganisationer som snabbt kan ändra karaktär vilket bidrar till att det saknas en lärandelänk mellan den projektbaserade delen av organisationen och den förvaltande delen av organisationen. Genom att ett lärande sker över byggprocessens faser antas ett livscykelperspektiv vilket främjar ekonomisk-, social- samt ekologisk hållbarhet. Detta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka hur ett svenskt fastighetsbolag arbetar med lärandet mellan den projektbaserad delen av organisationen och den löpande verksamhet som förvaltningen representerar. Studien undersöker också vilka förutsättningar som finns för ett ökat lärande mellan dessa delar av organisationen. Vidare analyseras den insamlade empirin utifrån Knowledge Management mekanismerna kunskapsdrag, kunskapstryck och fasta. Analys görs även utifrån SECImodellen och diskussion förs kring balansen mellan interaktion och samarbete. Studien resulterar i att fastighetsbolaget mestadels använder Knowledge Management mekanismen kunskapsdrag vid lärande. Detta stödjs av tidigare forskning som antas vara det mest effektiva arbetssättet för ett ökat lärande. Kommunikationen vid lärande sker i huvudsak informellt mellan den projektbaserade verksamheten och förvaltningen. Kunskapen på fastighetsbolaget är mestadels individuell kunskap och nya processer och rutiner behövs således för att omvandla denna till organisatorisk kunskap. Parallellt med studien pågår ett arbete med framtagandet av nya arbetssätt och rutiner för ett ökat lärande. Förutsättningarna för att kunna lyckas med ett ökat lärande mellan den projektbaserade organisationen och förvaltningen är goda då en hög grad av det kooperativa beteendets samarbete har identifierats på fastighetsbolaget.Knowledge is one of the most important assets of an organization. How to utilize the knowledge in order to increase learning is of great importance. In the construction industry today, there is a limited degree of learning from already commissioned buildings. Operation and maintenance apartment have knowledge of the building regarding quality and function and have daily contact with the end-user. The construction industry often consists of temporary project organizations that can quickly change and there is limited knowledge flow between facility management and projectbased organizations. By learning between the phases of the building process, a life cycle perspective is adopted which promotes economic, social and ecological sustainability. This thesis aims to investigate how a Swedish real estate company works with the learning between the project-based part of the organization and the on-going operation, which in this case is represented by the facility management. The study also investigate what conditions exists to increase learning. Furthermore, empirical results are analyzed based on the Knowledge Management mechanisms pull, push and fixed and learning based on the SECI model followed by a discussion about the balance between interaction and collaboration. The result of the study shows that the real estate company is using the Knowledge Management mechanism pull in order to increase learning. This is supported by previous research and this is believed to be the most effective way to increase learning in the construction industry. Communication between the project-based organization and the facility management is mainly informal and the knowledge within the real estate company is mostly individual knowledge. Thus, new processes and routines are needed to transform this into organizational knowledge. There is an ongoing work at the company aiming to develop new working methods and routines for increased learning. The prerequisites for success with increased learning between the project-based organization and the facility management are good, as a high degree of cooperative behavior has been identified at the real estate company.
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Asklöf, Lovisa. "Gender Training of Peace Support Operation Personnel : An Effective Tool to Reach Increased Knowledge Levels and Attitudinal Change?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353987.
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This study aims to answer the question of how pre-deployment gender training affects knowledge and attitudes regarding gender in the mission area among military personnel in peace support operations (PSOs). A common explanation to why attitude change occurs is through the introduction of new information. It is hypothesized that gender training leads to increased knowledge levels and more positive attitudes towards gender mainstreaming in PSOs. Unique longitudinal data is collected through a survey conducted among participants of a gender training session in the Swedish Armed Forces. The theory is tested through difference in means test of the participants test scores on knowledge and attitudes as well as a list experiment included in the survey. The study finds a substantial effect on change in knowledge levels and marginal support for attitude change due to the training. However, the result of the list experiment questions suggests that the marginal support on attitude change could in part be due to social desirability bias. The study concludes that increased attention needs to be placed on integration of gender perspectives into the general training and everyday service of peace support operation personnel.
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Coombs, Crispin. "A study of the factors influencing the successful development, implementation and operation of Community Information Systems in the NHS." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/1148.
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The factors that influence the ultimate level of success or failure of systems development projects have received considerable attention in the academic literature. Two particularly significant areas of interest have been the importance of applying best practice during systems development and the need to explicitly consider organisational issues to ensure a positive organisational impact. However, despite the existence of a well developed best practice literature and an emergent organisational issues literature, many projects still fail. The record of the NHS has been particularly poor in terms of the successful development and implementation of information systems and it was thought that this area would provide a fertile domain for information system research. Whilst the use of information systems in community healthcare has increased greatly over the last ten years the majority of existing research has been conducted in acute hospital environments with little attention devoted to the community sector. Consequently, this research project has two main aims: To identify the key best practice variables and areas of organisational impact associated with the development, implementation and use of a Community Information System (CIS) in National Health Service Trusts; and to examine the relationships between these two sets of variables and the system's resultant level of effectiveness. This research project has a number of positive methodological attributes in that it studies a homogenous organisational sector using a common type of information system and so minimises the potentially confounding influences of sector and system. In addition, the research design involves a three stage approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The research project has produced several key findings. A positive relationship was identified between the adoption of best practice and system effectiveness and similarly, there was a positive relationship between the level of organisational impact and system effectiveness. In order to ensure a positive organisational impact it was found that the successful treatment of key organisational issues is required. In addition, two new variables have been identified, user ownership and positive user attitudes, that play an important mediating role in ensuring system effectiveness. Finally, it was also recognised that the adoption of best practice variables had a dual role, directly influencing the level of perceived system effectiveness but also as a method of effectively managing organisational issues, user ownership and user attitudes. In summary, this study has emphasised the importance of adopting best practice and assessing and managing organisational impact during a community information system development project to ensure system success. These results will be of particular interest to practising IM&T Managers in the NHS and to the wider academic community. A series of practical recommendations are presented at the end of the thesis.
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Ninan, Abraham. "What are the roles of networks and clusters in the operation of an industry? The case of Queensland music." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16090/.
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The doctoral thesis examines Queensland's music industry in terms of concepts derived from cluster and network theories in the context of literature discussing creative industries. To this end, the thesis is conceived as one case study incorporating quantitative surveys, convergent interviews and document analyses as its units of investigation. This is necessary because it is the industry as a whole that is the object of theorizing (in terms of Porter and network theory). The 357 firms surveyed represent the creative content producers, distributors and suppliers that comprise Queensland's music industry. The sample for the survey was randomly selected from a universe of 10977 individuals and/or organisations involved in the following sectors of Queensland's music business: music publishing, record companies and distributors, recorded music retailing, other performing arts/music and theatre productions, music composition, and music performance. The data was analysed to understand and describe the nature of firms in the industry and investigate cluster and network dynamics in the operation of the industry. Twenty convergent interviews were also undertaken to further elaborate the qualitative dimensions of cluster and network dynamics in the industry, with particular attention to understanding how the factor input conditions of Porter's cluster model work in practice in the industry, as well as elucidating network effects not adequately addressed by Porter's theory. Policy and industry documents relating to Queensland's music industry were used to contextualise the findings. The conclusions articulate how Queensland's music industry operates as a cluster, and how innovation and creativity are facilitated. The thesis finds Porter's model insufficient to describe some key aspects of this industry's operation. Face-to-face communication, trust and informal networks combine explicit and tacit knowledge to bring about innovation. Thus the industry should be conceived of as a cluster of networks. Furthermore, the findings problematise the notion of distance in cluster and network theories. Traditionally, distance has been conceived in geographic terms; the findings suggest that in the music industry, distance must be understood as cognitive and cultural as well as geographic. The findings provide a detailed set of theoretical modifications to cluster and network theories. Implications are discussed for industry development and policy in Queensland's music industry.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Repräsentation und Operation: Anmerkungen zu Augusts Bücherwelt." Bibliothek als Archiv / hrsg. von Hans Erich Bödeker ... Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2007, S. 155-169 ISBN 3-525-35869-5, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12779.
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Den Begriff "Dispositiv" hat Foucault nicht viel länger als den des "Archivs" benutzt. Nach seinem eigenen Bekenntnis sind Begriffe nur "Werkzeuge" des Analysierens, einer methodologischen Fixierung war er grundsätzlich abhold und privilegierte lieber die Erfindung passender Kategorien im konkreten Zusammenhang historischer Forschungen. Vom Dispositiv spricht er am ausführlichsten im Zusammenhang mit seinem Spätwerk, der "Geschichte der Sexualität". Der Begriff ist jenseits dieses Verwendungszusammenhangs allerdings auch anderweitig erfolgreich benutzt worden, und kann auch im hier angesprochenen Zusammenhang eine gewisse Geltung beanspruchen.
Als Dispositiv kann eine Bibliothek im Foucaultschen Sinne angesehen werden, wenn institutionelle, administrative und architektonische
Gesichtspunkte im Sinne eines Ensembles oder eines Netzwerks rekonstruierbar sind. Dafür liegen in Wolfenbüttel jedenfalls eine Reihe von historischen Zeugnissen vor. Oie Bibliothek als Dispositiv zu verstehen, bedeutet weiterhin, das intellektuelle Unternehmen ihrer Anlage und Disposition, ihrer Vermehrung und ihrer Verfügbarkeit, im Zusammenhang mit administrativen, institutionellen Maßnahmen und allgemein einer Politik ihrer Handhabung zu sehen.
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Jakobsson, Viktor, and Dahn Hannes von. "Swedish companies and Russia just changed their relationship status to "it is complicated" : A multi-case study about how Swedish B2B companies change commitments towards the turbulent Russian market to remain resilient." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54023.
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Title: Swedish companies and Russia just changed their relationship status to “It is complicated” - A multi-case study about how Swedish B2B companies change commitments towards the turbulent Russian market to remain resilient Authors: Hannes von Dahn & Viktor Jakobsson Supervisor: Niklas Åkerman Examiner: Susanne Sandberg Course: Business Administration III - Degree Project with specialization in International Business (Bachelor) Problem: The sanctions against Russia and the decline of the oil price have created a complex situation. As a result of this the Swedish export dropped with 50% in just one year. This calls for research concerning how Swedish companies, changes their commitments in order to remain resilient on the turbulent Russian market. Purpose: This study intends to study how Swedish B2B companies change their commitments concerning tangible resources, intangible resources and operation mode, to remain resilient in the Russian market. Research Question: How do Swedish B2B companies change commitments to remain resilient in the turbulent Russian market? Methodology: This is a qualitative study, which is following a deductive approach. The research is a multi-case study consisting of four case companies. Conclusion: Swedish B2B companies change their commitments to remain resilient in the turbulent Russian market. The result of this study shows that intangible commitments are both increased and decreased. Tangible commitments meanwhile, are decreased or put on hold, while changes concerning operation modes required less uncertain futures before being conducted.
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Schneider, Ulrich Johannes. "Ordnung als Schema und als Operation: die Bibliothek Herzog Augusts." Foucault und die Künste / hrsg. von Peter Gente. Frankfurt am Main : Suhrkamp, 2004, S. 315-338 ISBN 3-518-29267-6, 2004. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12775.
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"Archiv" ist bei Foucault der Titel für eine historische Größe der Wissensgeschichte, die unter bestimmten Bedingungen der Sagbarkeit
zustande kommt und diese zugleich wirksam macht: "Das Archiv ist zunächst das Gesetz dessen, was gesagt werden kann, das System, das das Erscheinen der Aussagen als einzelner Ereignisse beherrscht. Aber das Archiv ist auch das, was bewirkt, daß all diese gesagten Dinge sich nicht bis ins Unendliche in einer amorphen Vielfalt anhäufen, sich auch nicht in eine bruchlose Linearität einschreiben und nicht allein schon bei zufälligen äußeren Umständen verschwinden; sondern daß sie sich in distinkten Figuren anordnen, sich aufgrund vielfältiger Beziehungen miteinander verbinden, gemäß spezifischen Regelmäßigkeiten sich behaupten ( ... )." Archiv in diesem Sinn ist so etwas wie ein Ermöglichungsgrund von Diskursivität, eine Instanz der historischen Analyse, die das Gesagte in seiner Existenz verständlich macht. In dieser Beziehung soll der Begriff im folgenden auf eine Bibliothek bezogen werden, die wie keine andere das Wissen das 17. Jahrhunderts repräsentiert. So kann man jedenfalls sprechen, wenn man im Hinblick auf die in Wolfenbüttel vollendete Büchersammlung blickt, die nicht nur die zweit- oder drittgrößte Bibliothek war, als ihr Gründer, Herzog August, 1666 starb, sondern die mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit umfangreichste jemals von einem einzelnen Menschen mit größter Sorgfalt zusammengetragene Bibliothek überhaupt ist.
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Molefe, Kgomoco Mavis. "An education and training programme as a strategy to improve consumers knowledge and operation towards basic water utilization / Molefe, K.M." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4644.
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Chapter 1 outlines the problem statement wherein the rationale for the study was explained. The related literature was reviewed. From the literature review, it became clear that Madibogo communities lack knowledge on safe water and the understanding of policies, consumer and human rights. The literature further revealed that Madibogo communities do not have water education and training programmes in place. The previous study by Kolanisi (2005) was used to develop the WET–Programme and implemented it in an attempt to bridge and improve Madibogo rural water consumer? knowledge on water–related issues. The intervention research strategy was employed and the tested and standardised knowledge questionnaire was developed using the information from the previous study. Focus groups were used as another data–gathering tool to reinforce learning and to complement the quantitative data. Measures were taken to ensure the reliability and the validity of the study and are outlined in Chapter 3.
Chapter 4 dealt with the empirical study used to determine whether the WET– Programme can influence consumers? awareness towards water quality and quantity, household utilisation and the FBWP through improved knowledge. The standardised questionnaire developed assembled the data during the implementation of the WET– Programme. Data were analysed by a statistical technique to obtain the opinions of the respondents. According to the results, the participants? knowledge, and skills involved in solving their water– related issues and problems improved.Thesis (M. (Consumer Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Christie, David Bruce. "An inquiry into the influence of power dynamics on the operation of knowledge workers and the actualisation of competency-based approaches." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27797.
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The NHS, like many organisations, relies on knowledge workers (‘professionals’ and other staff) and has introduced competency-based arrangements (the Knowledge and Skills Framework (KSF)), covering over one million NHS workers, to support their development and service improvement. However, its conceptual compatibility as a rational managerialist control-based approach is open to question, given the need for freedom, autonomy and self-management. The answer to why this has come about is embedded in power relations and their effects emanating from political and managerial domains manifested in New Public Management (NPM). A feature of NPM is wide-scale assimilation of ‘tried and tested’ private sector managerialist practices into the public sphere. Competency-based approaches exemplify this phenomenon which includes ‘targetry’, ‘Lean’, ‘business-process engineering’ and ‘quality improvement’ initiatives, which, together with imposed ‘market disciplines’, have transformed the organisation, management and delivery of public services. This study refutes the assumption that competency-based approaches (and other managerialist measures) can be unproblematically applied and lead inexorably to performance improvements. Previous research into the KSF from a rational managerialist orientation highlights difficulties with its implementation and recommends ‘more and superior’ managerialist actions. This study indicates such recommendations, while necessary, are insufficient to deal with human, cultural and social complexities material to the maximisation of (knowledge) worker contribution. Through qualitative semi-structured interviews and the use of Foucauldian perspectives on power and subjectivity, a gap is identified between rational managerialist beliefs, intent and rhetoric and the ‘realities’ of lived experience. This investigation moves beyond rational managerialism to identify human and relational conditions necessary to enhance knowledge worker development and performance.
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Ishaq, Ali Javid. "How does a general-purpose neural network with no domain knowledge operate as opposed to a domain-specific adapted chess engine?" Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281964.
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This report is about how a general-purpose neural network (LC0) operates compares to the domain-specific adapted chess engine (Stockfish). Specifically, to examine the depth and total simulations per move. Furthermore, to investigate how the selection of the moves are conducted. The conclusion was that Stockfish searches and evaluates a significantly larger amount of positions than LC0. Moreover, Stockfish analyses every possible move at a rather great depth. On the contrary, LC0 determines the moves sensibly and explores a few moves at a greater depth. Consequently, the argument can be made that a general-purpose neural network can conserve resources and calculation time that could serve us towards sustainability. However, training the neural network is not very environmentally friendly. Therefore, stakeholders should seek collaboration and have a generalpurpose approach that could solve problems in many fields.Denna rapport handlar om hur ett allmänt neuronnät (LC0) som spelar schack fungerar jämför med den domänspecifika anpassade schackmotorn (Stockfish). Specifikt, att granska djupet samt totala simuleringar per drag för att uppfatta hur dragen väljs och värderas. Slutsatsen var att Stockfish söker och värderar betydlig fler positioner än LC0. Vidare, Stockfish förbrukade mer resurser, alltså ungefär sju gånger mer elförbrukning. Ett argument gjordes att ett allmänt neuronnät har potentialen att spara resurser och hjälpa oss mot ett hållbart samhälle. Men, det kostar mycket resurser att träna neuronnäten och därför ska vi försöka samarbeta för att undvika onödiga träningar samt lära från andras misstag. Slutligen, vi måste sträva efter ett allmänt neuronnät som ska kunna lösa många problem på flera fält.
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Smirthwaite, Goldina. "Genom genuslinser : Om patienters jämställdhet i tillgång till operation av gråstarr i Sverige." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-52881.
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Aim: The aim was to examine waiting times for cataract extraction in Sweden from an intersectional gender perspective; quantitative with regard to waiting times for different patient groups, and qualitative in order to identify factors that might contribute to gender differences in waiting time. Furthermore, the aim was to examine implications of critical realism and situated knowledges for studies of gender differences among patients regarding access to cataract extraction and more generally as grounds for studies of (in)equity in care. Methods: Studies I and II were register studies, and linear regression was performed in Study I and logistic regression in Study II. Mean waiting times for female and male patients were calculated in both studies. In Study III, focus group interviews were conducted at two eye clinics with differences in gender-related waiting times. The analysis method used was constructivist grounded theory, and text analyses were performed in Study IV. Main findings: Longer waiting times were associated with patients who were female, retired, of higher age, born outside the Nordic countries, having lower income, lacking education at university level and not being categorized by means of NIKE. Female patients had longer waiting time in all categories. The following factors might contribute to why female patients have longer waiting times: Traditional male occupations were constructed as being more demanding for visual acuity, while the need for good visual acuity in women’s work life was questioned; Assertive behaviour among men was explained in legitimizing ways; Behaviour among men with poor vision was constructed as safety risks in relation to driving and hunting. Concerning meta-theoretical aspects, both critical realism and situated knowledges can be fruitful for studies of (in)equity in care but are to some degree incompatible with each other. Conclusions: Differences in waiting times at eye clinics can be related to gender constructions. The prevailing pattern of female cataract patients systematically having longer waiting time than male patients that emerges in this thesis is noteworthy in relation to the principle of equity in care. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that waiting times were related to age, retirement, and native country as well as income and education levels.
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Canavan, J. "A reflexive exploration of the operation of power, knowledge, resources and relationships in the evaluation of social interventions with young people in Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438159.
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Drayer, Gregorio E. "Situation-oriented integration of humans and automation for the operation of regenerative life support systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50311.
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The objective of the proposed research is to study the integration of humans and automation for the operation of regenerative life support systems (RLSS). RLSS combine physico-chemical and biological processes with the purpose of increasing the autonomy of space habitats and the life quality of their living organisms by properly reusing byproducts and regenerating consumable resources. However, these processes require energy and time to transform chemical compounds and organic wastes into nutrients, consumables, and edible products. Consequently, the maintenance of RLSS imposes a considerable workload on human operators. In addition, the uncertainties introduced by unintended chemical reactions promoted by material loop closure may create unexpected situations that, if unattended, could translate into performance deterioration, human errors, and failures. The availability of novel chemical and biological sensors together with computational resources enable the development of monitoring and automation systems to alleviate human workload, help avoid human error, and increase the overall reliability of these systems.
This research aggregates sensor data and human-expert situation assessments to create a representation of their situation knowledge base (\gloss{skb}). The representation is used in a switched control approach to the automation of RLSS, for decision support, and human-automation coordination. The aggregation method consists of an optimization process based on particle swarms. The purpose of this work is to contribute to the methodological development of situation-oriented and user-centered design approaches to human-automation systems. Experiments and simulations are supported on the process of respiration in an aquatic habitat acting as a RLSS.
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Pinto, Suzi Samá. "Carta de navegação: abordagem multimétodos na construção de um instrumento para compreender o operar da modalidade a distância." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2012. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/4818.
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As transformações que a sociedade vem passando ao longo do tempo atreladas aos avanços tecnológicos provocaram mudanças no comportamento e na cultura que impulsionaram novas relações entre os indivíduos e o meio em que vivem. Consequentemente, os espaços e tempos educativos, profissionais e sociais estão sendo transformados e apontam à necessidade de formar indivíduos capazes de aprender ao longo da vida, o que leva ao repensar das metodologias educacionais. Nesse cenário, insere-se a Educação a Distância (EaD) imbricada nas tecnologias digitais, apresentando-se como uma forma de propiciar a construção de espaços de aprendizagem que possam atender às novas demandas educacionais. O entrelaçar das inquietações, da autora desta tese, da prática docente na modalidade presencial com o experienciar da modalidade a distância impulsionam o estudo que fundamenta este trabalho, bem como a construção de seu objetivo: compreender o operar da modalidade a distância a partir da percepção dos estudantes de graduação, por meio da elaboração/análise/reestruturação de um instrumento que se constitui pela abordagem multimétodos. A intenção é identificar as possibilidades e as dificuldades encontradas no decorrer dos cursos e apontar as potencialidades ainda não exploradas, de forma a oferecer subsídios para buscar o constante aperfeiçoamento dessa modalidade de ensino. As reflexões tecidas ao longo desta tese são apoiadas na Teoria da Biologia do Conhecer, proposta por Maturana e Varela, a qual sustenta o olhar lançado sobre a modalidade a distância e a interpretação do corpus de análise, bem como auxilia na compreensão sobre fazer ciência. Para alcançar o objetivo desta pesquisa, foi construído um instrumento com questões abertas e fechadas, o qual foi respondido pelos estudantes de graduação e analisado a partir da abordagem multimétodos numa opção metodológica permeada pela objetividade entre parênteses. A escolha dessa abordagem foi incitada pelo desejo de buscar o diálogo entre a análise qualitativa e quantitativa, através de seu entrelaçamento, explorando, assim, as diferentes perspectivas de cada uma, a fim de compreender e aprofundar os vários aspectos do fenômeno a explicar. Pela análise, pode-se observar: que a necessidade de superar o individualismo no trabalho docente e aprender a lidar com as diferenças individuais dos estudantes é um processo que se efetivará no fazer e refletir sobre o fazer dessa modalidade; a apropriação da diversidade das formas de ensinar e aprender mediadas pela tecnologia ainda é um vivenciar e que se está construindo no conviver nessa modalidade; as distâncias físicas estão sendo suplantadas pelos diálogos virtuais e que a emoção expressa pela escrita tem consequências no processo de aprender e na superação do sentimento de isolamento por parte dos estudantes. Realizar esta pesquisa com base na Teoria da Biologia do Conhecer permitiu compreender que, para estudar esse operar nas instituições, é necessário estar imerso no fazer da educação a distância a fim de construir instrumentos e realizar análises que permitam a sua distinção, ou seja, é necessário ser um observador implicado para gerar um explicar argumentativo e consciente de sua corresponsabilidade.
The transformation that the society has gone through along with technological advances has led to behavioral and cultural changes which have triggered new relationships among individuals and the environment they live in. As a result, educative, professional and social spaces and time have been transformed and have pointed out the need to develop individuals who are able to learn throughout their lives. Such fact makes us rethink educational methodologies. Online Education (OE) fits into this scenario; it is embedded in digital technologies and arises as a way to enable the construction of learning spaces which can meet new educational requirements. My uneasiness regarding my presencial teaching practice intertwined with an experience with online teaching triggered not only the study this dissertation was based on but also the construction of its objective: to understand how online education works, in college students’ perception, with the help of a tool which was made/analyzed/restructured in the light of the multimethod approach. It aimed at identifying the possibilities and difficulties that were found in the college courses and highlighting potentialities that had not been explored yet, so that constant improvement of this way of teaching could be achieved. My reflections along this study were based on the Theory of the Biology of Knowledge, Maturana and Varela’s proposal which supports online education and the interpretation of the corpus of analysis, besides helping us understand how to make science. In order to reach the objective of this research, a tool with open and closed questions was answered by college students; it was then analyzed in the light of the multimethod approach in a methodological choice permeated by objectivity in parentheses. This choice resulted from the desire to promote a dialogue between the qualitative and the quantitative analyses, a weaving process which explored their different perspectives and led to the comprehension of the diverse aspects of the phenomenon under investigation. The analysis showed that: the need to overcome individualism in the teaching practice and learn how to cope with students’ individual differences is a process that happens when people work and reflect upon this way of teaching; getting used to the diversity of teaching and learning practices mediated by the technology results in an experience that is constructed while people experience and share this way of teaching; physical distances are diminished by virtual dialogues and emotion expressed in writing affects learning processes and helps students overcome loneliness. Carrying out this research based on the Theory of the Biology of Knowledge enabled me to understand that, in order to study this process in institutions, it is necessary to be involved in online education so that tools can be constructed and analyses can focus on its differences, i. e., the observer must dive into it to generate argumentative and conscious explanations regarding his/her co-responsibility.
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Françoso, Ana Beatriz Lopes. "Geração e difusão do conhecimento : estudo dos relacionamentos no processo de internacionalização da Chery Brasil." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8927.
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When it comes to internalization of companies, there are several factors that drive companies to venture into new markets, such as the increasement of the competition and the facilities of trade and production in other countries. However it is indispensable that the company knows the market in which it will operate. And one of the ways is to establish new relationships with agents in the new country, and so acquire new knowledge that will contribute to the evolution of the internationalization’s process of the company in the new country. This research refers, then to the understanding of how occurs the generation and dissemination of knowledge that is acquired from the relationship inter and intra-organizational level which changes the operation’s mode of the multinational company by the time, within its internationalization process. Through the behavioral theories such as the model of Uppsala, the literature of subsidiaries’ development and relational model, it was possible to analyze the relationships that were articulate by the company and analyze the knowledge for it acquired and disseminated. To conduct the research, a unique case study of qualitative nature was developed, under a longitudinal perspective, which involved a Brazilian subsidiary called Chery Brazil Manufacture Importation and Distribution Ltda., which the head office is a Chinese origin. This present research showed that it is evident that in its internationalization path, the relationships inter and intra-organizational were fundamental to Cherry Brazil, regarding the generation and dissemination of different type of knowledge and these were decisive for the modification of its mode of operation, which secured their stay in the country.
Em se tratando de internacionalização de empresas, são diversos os fatores que impulsionam as empresas a se aventurarem em novos mercados, como o aumento da concorrência e as facilidades comerciais e de produção em outros países. Porém é imprescindível que a empresa conheça o mercado em que irá operar. Uma das maneiras é estabelecer novos relacionamentos com agentes no novo país e assim adquirir novos conhecimentos que contribuam para a evolução do processo de internacionalização da empresa no novo país. Esta pesquisa refere-se, então, ao entendimento de como ocorre a geração e a difusão do conhecimento que é adquirido a partir dos relacionamentos inter e intraorganizacional que modificam o modo de operação da empresa multinacional ao longo do tempo, dentro de seu processo de internacionalização. Através das teorias comportamentais como o modelo de Uppsala, a literatura de desenvolvimento de subsidiárias e o modelo relacional, foi possível analisar os relacionamentos que foram articulados pela empresa e analisar os conhecimentos por ela adquiridos e difundidos. Para que esta pesquisa fosse realizada, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso único, de natureza qualitativa, sob uma perspectiva longitudinal, que envolveu uma subsidiária brasileira denominada Chery Brasil Fabricação Importação e Distribuição de Veículos Ltda., cuja sua matriz é de origem chinesa. A presente pesquisa deixou evidente que em sua trajetória de internacionalização, os relacionamentos inter e intraorganizacionais foram fundamentais para a Chery Brasil, quanto à geração e a difusão dos diferentes tipos de conhecimentos, e que estes foram determinantes para as modificações de seu modo de operação, o que garantiu sua permanência no país.
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Moraes, Thiago Drumond. "Coletivo de trabalho e atividade dos motoboys: gênero profissional, saberes operatórios e riscos da atividade de trabalho." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4964.
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Há cerca de 20 anos, inicia-se no Brasil uma atividade de trabalho nas áreas urbanas: o serviço de motoboys, que vem se tornando comum na distribuição de produtos aos clientes. Em paralelo ao crescimento dessa atividade ocupacional, a quantidade de motociclistas que se acidentam grave ou fatalmente nas vias brasileiras está em pleno crescimento, razão pela qual os motoboys vêm chamando atenção das autoridades de Saúde Pública. Tentando compreender as questões que estão na base e em torno desse fenômeno, inicia-se no país um pequeno, mas consistente, conjunto de produções acadêmicas sobre a profissão. Porém, ainda são poucos os estudos que procuram compreender a atividade de trabalho dos motoboys. Menos ainda, são os que investigam dimensões do coletivo produzidas pelos profissionais (tais como o coletivo de trabalho ou o gênero profissional), bem como seus efeitos na constituição de saberes, discursos, valores e estratégias de enfrentamentos aos diversos contraintes da atividade, em particular as dimensões do risco de acidentes de trabalho. Visando responder especificamente a essa questão, é que se propõe esse trabalho. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória em duas perspectivas metodológicas: por um lado um levantamento quantitativo sobre diversos aspectos do trabalho dos motoboys, tais como o perfil do trabalhador, a organização do trabalho e alguns efeitos no trabalhador; essa etapa se deu por meio da aplicação de 189 questionários aplicados em uma amostra proporcional à população identificada de trabalhadores nos principais corredores viários do município de Vitória. Por outro lado, se empreendeu um estudo, baseado nos princípios da Ergologia e em diferentes abordagens clínicas do trabalho, especialmente a Clínica da Atividade e a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, por meio do qual se pretendeu realizar uma análise da atividade de trabalho em parceria com os trabalhadores, procurando identificar as dimensões do coletivo que são produzidas por meio do trabalho, bem como os saberes e estratégias individuais e coletivas para lidar com as exigências, as pressões, as contradições e as eventualidades do cotidiano. Destaca-se, nessa etapa qualitativa, a realização de uma aproximação etnográfica dos trabalhadores e a utilização das técnicas da autoconfrontação e das instruções ao sósia, essas duas obtidas via Clínica da Atividade. Como resultado, observou-se a existência de inúmeros saberes produzidos e/ou partilhados pelo coletivo, tais como a avaliação dos serviços, a gestão do tempo, o planejamento da rota, a mobilização da rede solidária, a gestão das transgressões, os modos de conduzir, bem como as estratégias coletivas para lidar com o risco, dentre os quais se destacam a exploração positiva do risco e as estratégias baseadas na potência da virilidade, a capacidade de antecipação, ou o cuidado na proteção de si por meio da sinalização da presença do trabalhador em trânsito nas vias. Conclui-se, dessa análise, a existência de um coletivo de trabalho e, mais particularmente, de um gênero profissional em franca constituição. Este, em contrapartida, está eivado de inúmeras contradições e embates que, potencialmente, podem estar atuando para o impedimento da manifestação desse coletivo de trabalho em toda a sua potênciaAbout 20 years ago, initiated in Brazil's urban area a work activity: that of the motoboys, which has become common for the delivery of products to costumers. Parallel to the growth of this occupational activity, the number of grave and fatal accidents involving motorcycle riders on the Brazilian roadways have been increasing and calling the attention of public heath officials. In trying to comprehend the questions that surrounds this phenomenon, one can observe a small but consistent number of academic research that focuses on this profession. Still, despite these efforts, there remains only a limited number of studies which aim to comprehend this activity. Even less, are those who research the dimensions of the collective produced by the professionals (such as work collective or gender collective), as well as their effects on the constitution of knowledge, of discourse, of values, and of confronting strategies to diverse constraints of the activity, in particular de dimensions of accident risks. This thesis proposes to respond specifically to these questions. For this purpose, an exploratory research containing two methodological perspectives was developed. The first, a quantitative gathering of the diverse aspects of the couriers job, such as the profile of the professional, the organization of the work, and some effects on the worker, made possible by the application of 189 questionnaires applied on a proportional population of the professionals who transits on the main roads of the city of Vitória. On the other hand, a study was developed, based on the principles of both Ergology and on different clinical approaches to work, especially the Activity Clinic and the Work Psicodinamics , through which one strived to accoplish an analysis of the work activity in partnership with the workers, aiming to identify the dimensions of the collective that are produced through the means of work, as well as knowledge, individual and collective strategies do deal with the demands, the pressures, and the contradictions and the eventuality of the everyday. It stands out in this qualitative stage, the development of an etnografic proximity of workers and the utilization of the auto-confrontations techniques and the instructions to the look-alike, being that these two were obtained thru the Clinical Activity. As a result, one can observe the existence of countless knowleges produced and/or shared by the collective, such as an evaluation of the services, time management, route planning, the mobilization of solidary network, the management of transgressions, the manners of conduction, as well as the collective strategies do deal with the risks, from which stands out the positive exploration of the risks and strategies based on the potential of virility, the capacity of anticipation, and the precaution of taking care of oneself by signaling the presence of the professionals in the street traffics. One concludes, from this analysis, that there exists a work collective, and more specifically, the existence of a professional genre which is in the process of construction. This, on the other hand, is contaminated by countless contradictions and resistance that could potentially be attenuating towards impeding the manifestation of this work collective in all its potential.
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Holmstedt, Peter. "Design and operation of industrial flexible automatic assembly systems : "experiences and knowledge development from the academic/industrial project MARK II-F" : a doctoral thesis within Woxéncentrum in cooperation with Atlas Copco /." Stockholm, 1998. http://www.lib.kth.se/abs98/holm1216.pdf.
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Schneider, Georg Ferdinand [Verfasser], and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Ovtcharova. "Semantic Modelling of Control Logic in Automation Systems - Knowledge-Based Support of the Engineering and Operation of Control Logic in Building and Industrial Automation Systems / Georg Ferdinand Schneider ; Betreuer: J. Ovtcharova." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1182430678/34.
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Saksrisathaporn, Krittiya. "A multi-criteria decision support system using knowledge management and project life cycle approach : application to humanitarian supply chain management." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO22016/document.
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Cette thèse vise à contribuer à la compréhension des cycle de vie d’une opération humanitaire (HOLC). Gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement humanitaire (HSCM) dans un contexte de mise en perspective et dans l’objectif de proposer un modèle décisionnel qui s'applique aux phases de HOLC lors d’une situation réelle. Cela inclut la mise en oeuvre du modèle proposé pour concevoir et développer un outil d'aide à la décision afin d'améliorer les performances de la logistique humanitaire tant dans les opérations de secours nationaux qu’internationaux.Cette recherche est divisée en trois phases. La première partie vise à présenter le sens de l'étude ; la zone de recherche prise en compte pour la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement (SCM) doit être clairement définie. La première phase consiste à clarifier et définir le HSCM HL, la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement commerciale (CSCM) et le SCM, ainsi que la relation entre ces différents éléments. La gestion du cycle de vie du projet (PLCM) et les différentes approches sont également présentés. La compréhension de la différence entre la gestion du cycle de vie du projet (PLM) et la PLCM est également nécessaire, cela ne peut être abordé dans la phase de cycle de vie de l'opération humanitaire. De plus, les modèles Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) et l’aide à la décision concernant le HL sont analysés pour établir le fossé existant en matière de recherche. Les approches MCDM qui mettent en oeuvre le système d'aide à la décision (DSS) et la manière dont le MAS a été utilisé dans le contexte HSCM sont étudiées.La deuxième phase consiste en la proposition d’un modèle décisionnel fondé sur l’approche MCDM à l'appui de la décision du décideur avant qu'il/elle prenne des mesures. Ce modèle prévoit le classement des alternatives concernant l'entrepôt, le fournisseur et le transport au cours des phases de HOLC. Le modèle décisionnel proposé est réalisée en 3 scénarios. I. La décision en 4phases HOLC – opération de secours internationale de la Croix-Rouge Française (CRF). II. La décision en3phases HOLC – opération nationale dela Croix-Rouge thaïlandaise (TRC). III. La décision au niveau de la phase de réponse HOLC – opération internationale du TRC dans quatre pays. Dans cette phase, le scénario I et II sont réalisés étape par étape au travers de calculs numériques et formules mathématiques. Le scénario III sera présenté dans la troisième phase. Pour établir trois scénarios, les données internes recueillies lors des entretiens avec le chef de la logistique de la Croix-Rouge Française, et le vice-président de la fondation de la Coix-Rouge thaïlandaise, seront utilisées. Les données externes proviennent de chercheurs qui sont des experts dans le domaine HL ou le champ du HSCM, de la littérature, et de sources issues des organismes humanitaires (documents d’ateliers, rapports, informations publiées sur leurs sites officiels).Dans la troisième phase, une application Internet multi-critères (decision support system MCDSS WB) mettant en oeuvre le modèle proposé est élaborée. Afin d'atteindre une décision appropriée en temps réel, le WB-MCDSS est développé sur la base d’un protocole client-serveur et est simple à utiliser. Le dernier mais non le moindre ; une application de validation du modèle est réalisée à l'aide de l'approche de l'analyse de sensibilitéThis thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of HOLC in context of the HSCM and to propose a decision model which applies to the phases of HOLC the decision making regarding a real situation . This include the implementation of the proposed model to design and develop a decision support tool in order to improve the performance of humanitarian logistics in both national and international relief operations.This research is divided into three phases; the first phase is to clarify and define HL among HSCM, commercial supply chain management (CSCM) and SCM and their relationship. Project Life Cycle Management (PLCM) approaches are also presented. The difference between project life cycle management (PLM) and PLCM is also required to distinguish a clear understanding which can be addressed in the phase of humanitarian operation life cycle. Additionally, the literature of Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) models and existing decision aid system for HL are analyzed to establish the research gap. The MCDM approaches which implement the decision support system (DSS) and lastly how DSS has been used in the HSCM context.The second phase is to propose a decision model based on MCDM approaches to support the decision of the decision maker before he/she takes action. This model provides the ranking alternatives to warehouse, supplier and transportation over the phases of HOLC. The proposed decision model is conducted in 3 scenarios; I. The decision in 4-phase HOLC, international relief operation of French Red Cross (FRC). II. The decision on 3-phase HOLC, national operation by the Thai Red Cross (TRC). III. The decision on response phase HOLC, international operation by the FRC in four countries. In this phase, the scenario I and II are performed step by step though numerical calculation and mathematical formulas. The scenario III will be presented in the third phase.In the third phase, an application of web-based multi-criteria decision support system (WB-MCDSS) which implement the proposed model is developed. The web-based multi-criteria decision support system is developed based on the integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and TOPSIS approaches. In order to achieve an appropriate decision in a real time response, the WB-MCDSS is developed based on server-client protocol and is simple to operate. Last but not least, a validation application of the model is performed using the sensitivity analysis approach
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Bak, Pia. "Mødet mellem eksplicitte og ”tavse” kundskaber i praksisfællesskaber. : Fokusgruppeinterview med tværfaglige teami social- og sundhedssektoren med forebyg-gende og sundhedsfremmende opgaver." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3283.
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Livssituationer præget af mange komplekse psykosociale og helbredsmæssige problemstillinger fordrer en anden grad af tværfagligt samarbejde i social- og sundhedssektoren. En samtidig øgetfokusering på forebyggelse og sundhedsfremme har øget behovet for udvikling af kundskaber og kompetencer, som kan matche disse udfordringer. Målet med studiet er, at identificere mulige mønstre vedrørende erfaringer med udvikling af fælles kundskaber og kompetencer i tværfaglige team som arbejder forebyggende og sundhedsfremmende. Der er tale om et kvalitativt studie, som bygger på fokusgruppeinterview med deltagelse af 25professionelle fra ni team inden for social-og sundhedssektoren. Otte faggrupper var repræsenteret.Der blev anvendt en memoreret temaguide til interviewene. Grounded theory blev anvendt til dataanalyse. Studiets overordnede kernekategori blev defineret som: ”sociokulturel organisation sætter dagsordenen for udvikling af kundskaber og kompetencer”. Der fremkom yderligere tre hovedkategorier som relaterede sig til kernekategorien: ”det nødvendige professionelle fundament,”den forebyggende og sundhedsfremmende diskurs”, og ”de tavse kundskaber og kompetencer”. Konklusion: Hovedfundet i studiet viste at sociokulturel organisation har væsentlig indflydelse påtværfaglige teams muligheder for at udvikle kundskaber og kompetencer i det forebyggende og sundhedsfremmende arbejde. Skabes der ikke lærings- og refleksionsrumi praksisfællesskabernereduceres mulighederne for, at den ”tavse” kundskab sættes i spil med den eksplicitte kundskabSituations of life characterised by numerous complex psychosocial and health problems demand another extent in interprofessional co-operation in social and health service. At the same timeincreased focus on prevention and health promotion have raised the necessity of knowledge andcompetence creation that is able to deal with these complex challenges. The aim of this study is to identify possible patterns of experience with creation of shared knowledgeand competence in interprofessional co-operation with focus on prevention and health promotion.The studyis based on qualitative interviews in focus groups and memorized theme guide was used.The analyzing process was based on grounded theory. 25 professionals represented eight occupationgroups from nine social and health service teams. The overall core categories emerge as: ”social cultural organization sets the agenda for creation of knowledge and competence”. Three additional overall categories related to the core category definedas: ”the needful professional foundation”, “the discourse of prevention and health promotion” and“the tacit knowledge and competence”. Conclusions: The overall findings pointed out the essential influence of the social culturalorganization on the possibility of the interprofessional co-operation to create shared knowledge in the prevention and health promotion. If space for learning and reflection in community of practice is not created the feasibility of meetings between tacit and explicit knowledge will be reduced
ISBN 91-7997-099-0
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Loubet, Daniel. "Les enjeux communicationnels dans la normalisation des savoir-faire opératoires pour la prévention des risques : le cas de la méthode OPERGUID en raffineries chez TOTAL." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00908053.
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L'objet principal de cette recherche est la méthode Operguid. C'est une méthode d'organisation concernant les modes opératoires, encore appelés procédures collectives, qu'il faut mettre en œuvre pour démarrer ou arrêter les installations de production d'une raffinerie de pétrole. Dans les faits c'est un ensemble, à chaque fois, unique comprenant de de 1000 à 1500 opérations de base, partant d'un état initial ou de départ pour arriver à un état final. Le volume de procédures à la Raffinerie Total en Normandie était, au départ du projet en 1984, de 140 soit quelques 200 000 opérations à écrire, à tester et à capitaliser.Cette recherche démontre que les résultats obtenus (sécurité mais aussi productivité, technique, ergonomie, formation, qualité, planification, communication...) résultent d'une articulation singulière entre trois méthodes de management : gestion participative, gestion des connaissances et gestion de projet. Notre analyse est que les enjeux d'une telle articulation furent communicationnels notamment pour les ouvriers qui, au lieu d'être considérés comme de simples récepteurs de l'information, devinrent des participants actifs de la construction de sa signification. Il est bien sûr délicat de proposer, à partir d'une expérience passée, des résultats généralisables au contexte actuel de la gestion des entreprises. Nous pensons cependant que les problèmes actuels peuvent, parfois être mieux compris, lorsqu'on les apprécie avec un regard nourri par les enseignements du passé.
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Snefuglli, Sondell Kerstin, and Hampus Korpinen. "Framgångsfaktorer för räddningstjänstens operativa arbete vid brand i bostad." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och brand, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64165.
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Bränder som innefattar många drabbade eller ger stor förstörelse är oftast de som blir mest omtalade. Efter händelsen sker ett omfattande utredningsarbete för att förelägga hur det som inte fick hända kunde ske. Utredningen beskriver även räddningstjänstens val av metod och taktik för att kunna nyttja detta för framtida insatser. Vad som däremot lätt glöms bort är de insatser då räddningstjänstens arbete får god effekt och resulterar i att olyckans skada begränsas. Detta examensarbete kommer beröra just dessa händelser av brand i bostad, då räddningstjänstens arbete får den effekt som eftersträvas, det vill säga arbetet har lett till en lyckad insats. Arbetet kommer därefter belysa vilka faktorer som legat till grund för att insatsen blivit lyckad, så kallade framgångsfaktorer. Syftet med arbetet är att identifiera framgångsfaktorer vid lyckade insatser för brand i bostad. Framgångsfaktorerna ska ligga till grund för att skapa ett utvecklingsunderlag berörande metod- och taktikval inom räddningstjänsten. För att göra detta krävs en tydlig definition av innebörden av en lyckad insats. Utifrån syftet har följande frågeställningar formulerats: Vad innebär att en insats är lyckad? Vad innebär framgångsfaktorer för operativa insatser vid brand i bostad? Vilka framgångsfaktorer kan identifieras inom de utvalda insatserna och hur kan de identifieras, finns det gemensamma? Hur kan framgångsfaktorer nyttjas? Metoderna som tillämpats är kvalitativa intervjuer och granskning av bland annat händelserapporter från utvalda insatser av brand i bostad. Ansvarigt befäl för samtliga händelser tillfrågades att delta som respondenter till intervjustudien. Intervjufrågorna är framtagna med avsikt att besvara rapportens tre frågeställningar. Arbetet ger ett resultat som beskriver följande framgångsfaktorer för brand i bostad: Riktig och tillräcklig information i ett tidigt skede Ett snabbt motiverat agerande för att direkt slå ner branden Yttre faktorer som räddningstjänsten inte kan påverka: Agerande av utomstående innan räddningsinsatsen påbörjats Byggnadens utformning Brandens placering Delegera ansvar och uppgifter Ett tydligt definierat mål som samtliga eftersträvar Utbildning och kunskap, tidigare erfarenheter, nya metoder Tillgängliga resurser Ha god kvalitet vid omhändertagande av de drabbade, såväl på plats som efteråt Samverkan mellan berörda aktörerHa en helhetssyn över situationen och samtliga aktörers behov Ha förståelse för olika aktörers perspektiv av situationen Ha ett gemensamt språk mellan aktörer för att undvika missförstånd Dela information mellan inblandade aktörer för att undvika dubbelarbete Slutligen belyser arbetet hur räddningstjänstens kunskapsutbyte ser ut i dagsläget.
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Fakroun, Abubaker A. "The Development of a Knowledge-Based Wax Deposition, Three Yield Stresses Model and Failure Mechanisms for Re-starting Petroleum Field Pipelines. Building on Chang and Boger’s Yield Stresses Model, Bidmus and Mehrotra’s Wax Deposition and Lee et al.’s Adhesive-Cohesive Failure Concepts to better Underpin Restart Operation of Waxy Crude Oil Pipelines." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16792.
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Twenty years ago, Chang et al. (1998) introduced the three-yield stresses concept (dynamic, static and elastic limits) to describe yielding of waxy crude oils cooled below the wax appearance temperature (WAT). At the time, the limits in rheological instruments were such that they never actually measured the elastic-limit, a key fundamental property. Using modern instruments, this research succeeds in recording for the first time the entire yielding process down to stresses of 10-7 Pa and shear rate of 10-6 min-1 as a function of temperature, cooling rate and stress loading rate using two waxy oils of different origins and wax content. A four-yield stress model is established using derivative data (dynamic fluidity and failure acceleration). In addition, calorimetry (DSC) and microscopy (CPM) helped extract WAT, the gel and pour points and link gel crystal structure and its yielding and breakage to rheological properties.
The yielding stresses measured rheologically were tested in laboratory pipelines at two diameter scales, 6.5mm and 13.5mm to compare stresses in uniform and non-uniform cooling. It is demonstrated that rheological instruments can only predict gel breaking pressure when the cooling rate is low, i.e. yielding at the pipe wall. A complementary heat transfer study was performed on a section of pipe statically cooled, both experimentally and theoretically to predict the gel front-liquid oil interface that develops in industrial pipeline where gel breaking occurs. This key information together with rheological data provide the means to predict accurately restart pressures of shut gelled pipelines that have eluded previous research.Ministry of Higher Education of the Libyan Government
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Grabot, Bernard. "Modélisation situationnelle et thérorie des possibilités : application à l'aide à la décision d'exploitation des processus complexes." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10550.
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Boilève, Félix. "Une "Banque du savoir" ? Enquête sur la nature et la politique de l'expertise de la Banque mondiale." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM023.
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Dans les années 1990, suite aux conséquences jugées néfastes des programmes d’ajustement structurel et de certains projets qu’elle a financés, la Banque mondiale est confrontée à une crise sans précédent. L’institution internationale réagit en s’auto-décrivant comme une « Banque du savoir », expression par laquelle elle revendique que sa valeur première réside dans ses savoirs sur le développement, tout en reconnaissant la nature politique ainsi que la nécessité de transformer ces savoirs. Cette thèse prend pour objet cette auto-description et s’interroge sur la nature actuelle de cette Banque du savoir. À cette fin, des enquêtes ethnographiques, essentiellement en Afrique de l’Ouest, ont été menées sur des savoirs que la Banque mondiale elle-même a identifiés comme un objet de préoccupation : les savoirs embarqués dans ses interventions d’aide au développement (projets, assistances techniques). En discutant principalement la littérature en anthropologie du développement, et en s’appuyant sur des travaux en Sciences, technologies, sociétés, la thèse identifie au cœur de ces interventions ce qu’elle appelle une « expertise comme opération ». Cette expression désigne le fait d’agir, pour les experts de la Banque mondiale (consultants, chefs de projet), en construisant ou en transformant les identités et les problèmes d’entités individuelles ou collectives, à l’aide d’un travail de production et de mobilisation de savoirs sur ces entités, et en faisant souvent en sorte que ces entités se saisissent elles-mêmes des savoirs les concernant. Le choix d’analyser des interventions économiques (soutien à la compétitivité d’un secteur économique, soutien au développement de l’entrepreneuriat, ou recherches sur les politiques industrielles) permet d’entrer au cœur de la Banque mondiale souvent critiquée pour sa politique jugée « économiciste » et néolibérale, pour montrer que le faire politique de l’institution ne s’y réduit pas, et se joue d’abord dans ces opérations d’expertise sur des identités et des problèmesIn the 1990s, the World Bank was facing an unprecedented crisis, due to the consequences of structural adjustment programs and of some projects it financed, which were considered harmful by many. The response of the international institution was to describe itself as a “Knowledge Bank”, claiming by this term that its primary value lied in its development knowledge, while acknowledging the political nature and the need to transform this knowledge. This thesis takes up this self-description and investigates the current nature of this Knowledge Bank. To this end, ethnographic studies, mainly in West Africa, were conducted on knowledge that the World Bank itself has identified as one of its prominent concern: the knowledge embedded in its development interventions (projects, technical assistance). By discussing mainly the literature in anthropology of development, and building upon relevant work in Science and technology studies, the thesis identifies an “expertise as operation” at the heart of these interventions. This expression denotes the actions undertaken by World Bank experts (consultants, project managers) to construct or transform the identities and problems of individual or collective entities, through the production and mobilisation of knowledge about them, and often by ensuring that these entities seize upon this knowledge about themselves. The choice made in the thesis to analyse economic interventions (support for the competitiveness of an economic sector, support for the development of entrepreneurship, or research on industrial policies) allows for an in-depth analysis of the much criticized neoliberal and “economicist” policy of the World Bank, so as to show that the politics of the institution cannot be reduced to those aspects, and is primarily embedded in these operations of expertise on identities and problems
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Baatjes, Britt. "An investigation of knowledge and skill requirements for employment as a machine operator : a case study of a large textile company." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/249.
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This research, which took the form of a case study in a large textile factory, is primarily concerned with finding out if there is a link between a particular educational level (i.e. ABET level 4 Communications/Language and Mathematics) used as a measure for the first stage of selecting prospective employees as machine operators, and a hard skill (i.e. actually operating a machine).
After conducting interviews with nine people in the workplace; doing observations of three machine operators performing their jobs, and analysing various documents, such as the tool used for assessment, I found there to be an incongruence between the ‘requisite’ knowledge and skills and the actual knowledge and skills needed – the language and maths’ competencies needed in order to be deemed ‘competent’ in the assessment are of a higher ABET level than the language and maths needed ‘on-the-job’. But, this research is not simply about language and mathematics competencies. It is also about the ‘new workplace’ that has emerged with the advent and spread of globalisation. My study looks at the appropriateness of the ‘measure’ used as an entry requirement for a job, and by so doing it explores issues of inclusion and exclusion, and power relations. My study is, therefore, located within the critical social science paradigm and I raise questions around issues of morality, ethics and social justice.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.