Academic literature on the topic 'Knowledge transfer channels'
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Journal articles on the topic "Knowledge transfer channels"
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Tichá, I., and J. Havlíček. "Knowledge transfer." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 12 (January 7, 2008): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1223-agricecon.
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The paper deals with the issue of knowledge transfer from several angles (context, benefits, and channels) in order to specify roles the universities should play in order to enhance the competitiveness of the EU economy. Knowledge transfer encompasses a wide variety of activities that range from appearances in the media and at public forums to participation in bilateral projects, the commercial development of research, the application of expertise through partnerships and internships, and the inclusion of broader community influences in the curriculum to enhance the capabilities of graduates. The broader context to facilitate knowledge transfer activities is assessed, suitable channels identified and some hints to select the appropriate channels provided. As the benefits of knowledge transfer go beyond the simple financial return, factors supporting effective deployment of knowledge transfer function at universities include not only financial incentives, but also a combination of measures ranging from training knowledge transfer personnel, setting appropriate metrics to assess the performance of knowledge transfer processes, quality assurance schemes as well as barriers-removing policies to enhance mobility of staff and free exchange of knowledge.
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Gandal, Neil, Peter Naftaliev, and Uriel Stettner. "Following the Code: Spillovers and Knowledge Transfer." Review of Network Economics 16, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 243–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rne-2017-0056.
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Abstract Knowledge spillovers in Open Source Software (OSS) can occur via two channels: In the first channel, programmers take knowledge and experience gained from one OSS project they work on and employ it in another OSS project they work on. In the second channel, programmers reuse software code by taking code from an OSS project and employing it in another. We develop a methodology to measure software reuse in a large OSS network at the micro level and show that projects that reuse code from other projects have higher success. We also demonstrate knowledge spillovers from projects connected via common programmers.
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Machikita, Tomohiro, and Yasushi Ueki. "Knowledge transfer channels to Vietnam for process improvement." Management Decision 51, no. 5 (May 24, 2013): 954–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2012-0600.
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Zaharia, Noni. "University-Industry Knowledge Transfer: Channels of Sport Research Interaction." International Journal of Business and Management 12, no. 9 (August 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n9p1.
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The reputation of academic programs is increasingly defined in terms of both the generation of high-quality research and the success in transferring scientific findings into commercial development. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the particular channels of research interaction between sport academia and sport companies. The purpose of this study was to assess, for the first time, the degree to which different channels of research interaction could be used to inform the research involvement levels of sport organizations with sport academia. Information was gathered from 292 sport managers working for United States sport companies. The results provide evidence that sport managers who collaborated with sport management academia are more concerned with working on joint research projects with sport management scholars and departments than with academic engagement in patenting and licenses, or involvement in networking, scholars’ mobility, and publication research channels.
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Fabiano, Gianluca, Andrea Marcellusi, and Giampiero Favato. "Channels and processes of knowledge transfer: How does knowledge move between university and industry?" Science and Public Policy 47, no. 2 (February 3, 2020): 256–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scaa002.
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Abstract The role of knowledge and technology transfer between academia and the industry has received increasing attention in the analysis of innovation. This article aims to explore the scientific literature concerning knowledge transport mechanisms and describe how the topic was organized by previous studies and terminologies applied. A systematic review was conducted in which the content of recent contributions best fitting these intensions was analysed. The characteristics of knowledge, individuals, organizations, and disciplines were found to be the main determinants in the adoption of transfer mechanisms. These were classified in terms of formalization, relational involvement, direction, and time. On the revealed multi-dimensionality of knowledge transfer and complementarity between transfer activities we framed a new taxonomy distinguishing between channels and processes. Future research may deepen these factors, such as the economic aspects driving the adoption of transfer mechanisms informing decisions on the funding of innovation.
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Ferencikova, Sonia. "Reverse knowledge transfer from Central to Western Europe: Selected Case Studies." Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR) 7, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v7i1.340.
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Reverse knowledge transfer refers to the knowledge flow from the subsidiaries to the parent companies. The paper analyzes if the subsidiaries located in former transitional country (Slovakia) can create and transfer original knowledge to the parent companies in so-called developed Western Europe and focuses on the drivers, communication channels and contributions of such a knowledge flow for both, the headquarters and the subsidiaries. Qualitative research of four subsidiaries of multinational corporations was conducted to identify reverse knowledge transfers and to study them in-depth using case study method.
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Sharaf Qdah, Mohammad, Amer Nizar Fayez AbuAli, Juhana Salim, and Tarek Issa Khalil. "A Grounded Theory for ICT-Mediated Tacit Knowledge Transferability in MNCs." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 13 (2018): 311–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4107.
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Aim/Purpose: A vital business activity within organizations is tacit knowledge (TK) transfer. This work aims to propose a novel framework for TK transferability in multinational corporations (MNCs) from the information and communication technology (ICT) perspective. Background: In the past two decades, researchers have developed several frameworks for TK transfer based on humanistic, business, and educational perspectives. However, a review of the existing work revealed that TK transfer has seldom been examined from an ICT perspective. Methodology: A qualitative method was adopted because it was considered the most appropriate for the research requirements. A grounded theory approach was employed to generate the items that potentially affect the transferability of TK. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, along with observations when possible. The study sample consisted of 20 expert interviewees in Malaysia. An inductive ongoing data analysis process based on grounded theory via open, axial, and selective coding was used as the primary analysis method. In addition, comparative and frequency count analyses were used to examine the collected data. Contribution: The main contribution of this study is its use of the grounded theory approach, which resulted in the generation of items that affect the transferability of TK, not all of which had been identified by previous researchers. This paper reports one of the few inductive studies conducted on TK transferability among MNCs and, therefore, makes distinct contributions to the literature on TK management, specifically bringing to the fore the intricacies involved in TK transferability. Findings: Information and communication technology plays a crucial role in and has a positive impact on TK transfer in MNCs. This study evaluated the potential of various ICT channels to facilitate TK transfer. The findings show that ICT tools cannot completely substitute for face-to-face contact. Tacit knowledge that has a high degree of complexity requires sophisticated channel features for its transfer. From this standpoint, virtual face-to-face communication is the richest communication medium in the ICT hierarchy. On the other hand, email and voicemail are less effective channels for TK transfer, while synchronous groupware is an intermediate communication medium. The findings highlight the importance of utilizing an appropriate mix of channels to improve TK transferability. Recommendations for Practitioners: It is recommended that practitioners consider the diverse aspects of TK and the potential of a range of ICT channels for the TK transfer process in order to increase the efficiency of TK transfer. The analytic categories developed in this study may give managers new insights into and a better understanding of how TK can be supported in a modern organization and how to overcome the barriers to TK transfer.
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Raudeliūnienė, Jurgita, and Sigitas Davidavičius. "A Conceptual Model of Assessment of Knowledge Transfer to Consumer." Business, Management and Education 15, no. 2 (December 27, 2017): 174–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bme.2017.387.
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Due to changing needs of knowledge consumers in the context of globalization organizations find it important to search out the way of effective application of the process of knowledge sharing and distribution in their activity in order to create and/or select proper means of communication with consumers on purpose of effective satisfaction of their knowledge needs. In order to address the problems of such nature it is important to assess the process of knowledge transfer and consumer purchase, knowledge needs, knowledge transferred to meet of consumer needs, channels and means of knowledge transfer. Also, to select purposefully channels of communication with consumers and tools of e-marketing that are suitable for satisfaction of consumer needs, i.e. channels and tools that affect self-determination of consumer to take a decision to acquire a product or service of specific organization.
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Meissner, Dirk, and Elias George Carayannis. "Value generation from industry-science linkages in light of targeted open innovation." Journal of Knowledge Management 21, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-11-2016-0510.
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Purpose This paper aims to provide a substantial overview of features and channels of knowledge and technology transfer in light of achieving impact from science and research. Design/methodology/approach The paper is conceptual with substantial desk research undertaken. A taxonomy of transfer channels is proved and levels of impact from STI proposed. Findings It is found that there are different levels of value generated from science, technology and innovation, each featuring different stakeholders with different agendas and expectations. It is argued that to make knowledge and technology transfer impactful and sustainable, a long-term and holistic view and approach is required. Originality/value Against most papers about technology and knowledge transfer, this work presents an overarching overview of objects, channels and features of partners involved in transfer. It is features technology and knowledge transfer from a holistic perspective and provides useful background for future empiric studies and impact assessments.
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Smith, Dedrick A., and John Hannon. "KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT’S ROLE IN ORGANIZATION MATURITY IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 5 (May 31, 2015): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i5.2015.3015.
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In this paper, we review knowledge management's role in project management (PM). The authors speculate that knowledge management is an indicator of organizational maturity project management. This is as an organization increases its maturity in PM, it uses both informal and formal channels for knowledge transfers between the firm's actors. The researchers used an online survey and telephone interview process to collect data. The data showed that there was a positive relationship between knowledge management and organization maturity in project management.
In immature firms, the project manager uses informal learning channels to increase their own tacit project management knowledge. For example, organizations useprojectmanagers’interactions, (internally and externally),unofficialexternaltrainingcourses,andprofessionalorganizationstoincreaseorganizationallearning.As organizational maturityincreases,managersbegintocodifythesechannelsintoformalones thereby creatingexplicit knowledge. They use channels like databaserepositories,manuals,websites,and official internalandexternaltrainingopportunitiesto foster organizational learning. In addition, firms use other artifacts suchas PM guides and manuals to facilitate education and knowledge transfer in an organization’s PM methodology and toolsets.
The study also sets forth specific recommendations to project managers, organizations, and the Project Management Institute to include knowledge management and organizational learning as indicators of organization maturity in their Organizational Project Management Maturity Model (OPM3©) model.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Knowledge transfer channels"
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Reerink, Jan Willem [Verfasser], and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Ihl. "University-industry knowledge transfer: an empirical analysis of channels, motives and distances / Jan Willem Reerink ; Betreuer: Christoph Ihl." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1173788921/34.
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Martinsson, Therése, and Sabrina Suikki. "Influence of national cultural differences on communication and transmission channels in cross-border knowledge transfer : A case study of Q-Med AB." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7881.
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The purpose of this thesis is to develop an understanding of if/how national cultural differences influence communication and transmission channels in cross-border transfer of organizational knowledge. To develop such an understanding a single case study has been conducted on Q-Med AB, a Swedish knowledge intensive biotechnology/medical device company. The case study is based on two theories; Gupta & Govindarajan’s (2000) work of four forces that affect effective knowledge transfer and Project GLOBE’s nine cultural dimensions. Our findings confirm that national cultural differences do influence communication and transmission channels when transferring knowledge cross-borders. More specifically, our case study shows that the cultural differences influencing Q-Med AB’s communication and transmission channels are: Power Distance, Institutional Collectivism, In-Group Collectivism, Assertiveness and Performance Orientation. Also language differences are regarded as an important factor by Q-Med AB. However, the results of this thesis are specific for the company studied. Therefore our study only contributes with insights, regarding the influence of cultural differences on communication and transmission channels when transferring knowledge cross-borders, for other knowledge intensive companies facing global challenges. Our findings and conclusions are summarized in our own theoretical model, which brings together the two internationally well-acknowledged theories mentioned above and the results of our case study.
Syftet med denna uppsats är att skapa en förståelse för om/hur nationella kulturella skillnader påverkar kommunikation och överföringskanaler i gränsöverskridande organisatorisk kunskaps-överföring. För att skapa denna förståelse har vi genomfört en fallstudie på Q-Med AB, ett svenskt kunskapsintensivt bioteknologiskt/medicintekniskt företag. Fallstudien baseras på två teorier; Gupta & Govindarajan:s (2000) studie om fyra faktorer som påverkar effektiv kunskapsöverföring och Project GLOBE:s nio kulturella dimensioner. Våra resultat bekräftar att nationella kulturella skillnader i hög grad påverkar kommunikation och överföringskanaler vid gränsöverskridande kunskapsöverföring. Mer specifikt visar vår fallstudie att de kulturella skillnader som påverkar Q-Med AB:s kommunikation och överföringskanaler är: Power Distance, Institutional Collectivism, In-Group Collectivism, Assertiveness och Performance Orientation. Språkliga skillnader anses också vara viktiga enligt Q-Med AB. Dock är resultaten från denna studie specifika för det undersökta företaget. Därmed bidrar vår uppsats endast med insikter om hur kulturella skillnader påverkar kommunikation och överföringskanaler i gränsöverskridande kunskapsöverföring för andra kunskapsintensiva multinationella företag. Våra slutsatser är sammanställda i vår egen teoretiska modell som kombinerar de två ovan nämnda, internationellt erkända teorier och resultaten från vår fallstudie.
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Strayer, Thomas Edward III. "Dissemination of Health Promotion Information in Cooperative Extension: A multi-study exploration of channels, sources, and characteristics that influence intervention uptake." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100747.
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A translational gap exists between the development of an evidence-based health promotion intervention and its eventual implementation in the intended setting. This lack of translation impacts the uptake of health promotion interventions within delivery systems such as the Cooperative Extension Service (Extension). Within this system, Extension educators serve as the intermediaries addressing needs in the communities in which they are employed with support from Extension health specialists. Previous research has shown that educators utilize other peer educators and specialists to learn and adopt health promotion programming, but these studies are over two decades old (e.g., missing technological advances such as Internet and social media) and often focused on a single state Extension system.
The purpose of this research was to understand how evidence-based health promotion intervention information is shared within Cooperative Extension by 1) identifying information sources and channels of Extension specialists and educators while 2) identifying the characteristics of an intervention that aid in the adoption and uptake of these health promotion interventions. The first mixed-methods study aimed to identify information sources and channels used by Extension educators from a national sample and learn their preferences for information delivery. Results of this study (Manuscript 1), identified specialists as the key information source Therefore, the second study (Manuscript 2) focused on Extension health specialists' preferences for information sources and channels while also 1) determine how specialists communicate with educators 2) preliminary thoughts on a dissemination intervention. The final study (Manuscript 3) explored the intervention characteristics that are both educator and specialists deemed most important to their adoption decision-making process.
The results of this dissertation inform the development of a dissemination intervention to bridge the translational gap across Extension. The information sources and channels used and trusted by both Extension educators and specialists are highlighted in this work. Additionally, specialists have given insight for consideration for an online repository that can be used on demand to both facilitate the adoption and uptake of health promotion interventions as needed by Extension Educators.Doctor of Philosophy
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Jaguli, Abd. "Inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and local innovative capacity." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9082.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the impact of various channels of technology spillovers on local innovative capacity at national and firm level. At national level, the thesis investigates the drivers of Malaysia‟s innovative capacity and the effect of international external sources on innovative capacity. At firm level, this thesis examines the impact of FDI on the innovation progress and studies whether multinational corporations (MNCs) can act as catalysts to stimulate local firms‟ innovation activities in Malaysia. Via a case study analysis at firm level, this thesis focuses on knowledge transfer through backward linkages established between MNCs and their local suppliers. Time series data analysis is conducted to provide empirical evidence of the effect of FDI spillovers on Malaysia‟s innovative capacity at national level. Additionally, a case-study approach is adopted to investigate the impact of vertical FDI spillovers on the innovation performance of local Malaysian firms. The key findings of the study reveal that export-related spillovers are positively associated with Malaysia‟s innovative capacity, whereas importrelated spillovers play a minor role in local innovation. The findings also indicate that there is no significant correlation between economic development and local innovation, which suggests that strong economic growth is not a necessary condition in order for Malaysia to enhance its local innovative capacity. The results suggest that there is strong evidence of the importance of foreign innovation activities to local innovative capacity at national level. In contrast, knowledge spillovers measured by FDI inflows have no significant impact on local innovative capacity. The results showed that FDI might be constrained by the fact that spillovers are more likely to take place through vertical relationships than horizontal relationships. At firm level, the study suggests that knowledge and technology can be diffused through high-quality and standard requirements imposed by MNCs, the assessment and feedback and training programmes offered by MNCs to local suppliers, as well as the production process itself. These results extend ii the existing literature on national innovative capacity and validate earlier theoretical and empirical research on vertical spillovers. The findings from the thesis also have important policy and managerial implications with regard to the impact of FDI on host developing countries.
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Öcalan, Özel Sila. "University-industry interactions : understanding university licensing strategies and beyond." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAB009/document.
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Cette thèse porte principalement sur les stratégies de licence des universités. Afin de comprendre l’impact social des stratégies de licences universitaires, nous examinons le lien entre le degré d’exclusivité des licences et les diverses caractéristiques des inventions sous licence. Les résultats théoriques et empiriques de nos recherches suggèrent que les pratiques des OTTs ne sont peut-être pas toujours optimales, ce qui laisse à penser que des améliorations pourraient encore être apportées. Lorsque les innovations sont séquentielles, les universités pourraient introduire des stratégies alternatives de licences open source. Nous élargissons notre étude en examinant les interactions dynamiques entre divers canaux formels et informels de transfert de connaissances. Notre analyse qualitative longitudinale suggère que l’interaction dynamique crée un effet cumulatif important vis-à-vis de l’activité de valorisation de la recherche, et renforce la dimension collective de la valorisationThis thesis primarily focuses on university licensing. To understand the social impact of the university licensing strategies, we examine the link between the degree of exclusivity of licenses and the various characteristics of the licensed inventions. The theoretical and empirical findings of our research suggest that the practices of university technology transfer offices (TTOs) may not always be optimal, underlying the fact that there may still be room for the improvement. We also suggest that, when the innovations are sequential, universities might introduce alternative open source licensing (OSL) strategies. Furthermore, we expand our study by examining the dynamic interactions between various formal and informal channels of transfer. Our longitudinal qualitative methodology suggests that, dynamic interaction creates a strong cumulative effect with respect to the research valorization activity and reinforces the collective dimension of valorization
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Redaelli, Emir José. "Desenvolvimento de distribuidores através da transferência de conhecimentos e seu impacto no desempenho." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3369.
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Esta tese trata do desenvolvimento dos canais de distribuição e vendas, através da transferência de conhecimentos pela análise do impacto das ações do fabricante e as repercussões no desempenho dos canais. Desenvolvimento de distribuidores é considerado como qualquer esforço do fabricante com seus distribuidores para incrementar os conhecimentos e as competências em vendas e nas operações para contribuir com o alcance das metas de distribuição de produtos, planejadas pelo fabricante. Os pilares para o repasse de conhecimento são o monitoramento do desempenho e o envolvimento direto do fabricante com seus canais, e vice versa. Esse envolvimento gera integração, que é a base das trocas de conhecimentos específicos existentes no fabricante, e que tem impacto direto nas atividades de distribuição. Os conhecimentos repassados impactam no desempenho operacional e no desempenho geral do canal. Os fundamentos teóricos que embasam os modelos proposto são os mesmos que têm sido utilizados recentemente nos estudos do desenvolvimento de fornecedores. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi feita uma pesquisa junto ao setor metal mecânico automotivo de bens de capital do Brasil. Uma pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de um processo de estratificação junto aos fabricantes. O modelo teórico foi testado com a utilização de técnicas de estatística multivariada e por Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, na qual foram testadas cinco hipóteses diferentes de pesquisa. Os resultados sugerem que existe uma relação entre a transferência de conhecimentos, via monitoramento do desempenho, e pelo envolvimento direto dos fabricantes com seus canais, no desempenho operacional e geral do canal. Este estudo contribui para o aumento de conhecimentos sobre o tema, pois embasa onde os fabricantes podem fazer investimentos em iniciativas como antecedentes relacionadas a aumentos de desempenho em seus canais de distribuição e vendas.
This thesis refers to the development of the supply and selling chain channels through the transference of knowledge, by analyzing the impact of manufacturer actions and its repercussions in channel development. Supplier development is considered to be any manufacturer effort with its distributors to improve the selling knowledge and competency, as well as in its operations to contribute to the achievement of the goal supply chain distribution planned by the manufacturer. The pillars of the knowledge transference are performance monitoring and direct manufacturer evolvement with its channels and vice versa. This evolvement generates integration, which is the base of the specific knowledge trade that exists in the manufacturer and which has a direct impact in the distribution activities. The spread knowledge has an impact through the operational and general channel development. The theoretical basis proposed in this model are the same recently used in supply chain development studies. The research of this thesis has been made in the metal mechanic automotive capital goods of Brazil. The survey has been developed from the stratification process within the manufacturer. The theoretical model was tested with multivariate statistical technique and structural equation modeling, in which were tested five different research hypothesis. A relation between the transference of knowledge through monitoring the performance and the direct evolvement of the supplier with its channels, in operational and general channel development, has been suggested by the results of this survey. This study contributes to improve the knowledge about this feature, because it serves as base to manufacturers make investments in initiatives as antecedents related to performance increase in its supply and selling chain channels.
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Lu, Pei-Shan, and 呂佩珊. "The effect of the knowledge transfer channels to learning effectiveness." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91360656737463909913.
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碩士中國文化大學
勞動學研究所
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In the knowledge era of 21th Century, knowledge transfer has played a crucial role for enterprises to sustain and increase competitiveness. How do enterprises achieve this goal by utilizing knowledge transfer within employees and optimizing it? This study is aimed to further discuss how much impact knowledge transfer through trainings on various knowledge transfer channels brings to enterprises in relation to learning effectiveness. Case study method is applied in this study, with supplement of questionnaires, and the study outcome is based on the analysis of first-hand case study and questionnaires results and desk research of international and national documents. A reputable domestic computer skills education center, with its new staff training programs implemented between January 2003 and May 2004, has been selected as the case study for this study. This study is to analyze the differences regarding training effectiveness between face-to-face knowledge transfer and e-learning. Findings are generated as below regarding the research outcome of the significant impact on the Company’s new staff training effectiveness with the knowledge transfer channels: 1.This case study shows that different ways of knowledge transfer does bring significant impact on the Company’s new staff learning effectiveness. Face-to-face knowledge transfer method outweighs the e-learning method, on account of: better leaning atmosphere, good interaction, and simultaneous problem-solving. 2.The impact of knowledge transfer channel, e-learning, is not as effective as face-to-face knowledge transfer method for new staff training, regardless in knowledge learning, affective learning or affective learning. 3.In terms of new staff knowledge learning effectiveness, face-to-face knowledge transfer method is able to achieve more significance than e-learning knowledge transfer channels in the areas of knowledge transfer, affective learning or affective learning.
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Chen, Mei-Hsiu, and 陳美秀. "The Study of the Influence of National Culture, Organizational Culture and Knowledge Transfer Channels on Knowledge Transfer Performance: A Case of Taiwanese Enterprises Operating in Mainland China." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55108826060726814883.
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碩士中國文化大學
國際企業管理研究所
91
It has been known that knowledge is the most important capital for a company in 21th century because knowledge is the key factor for a company to create its sustainable competitive advantages. However, only few studies of knowledge transfer focus on the country investment environment and on those Taiwanese companies that invest in China. In order to focus on Taiwanese companies in China, this research took national culture distance and organizational culture characteristics as independent variables; knowledge transfer channels as a moderator variables; knowledge transfer performance as a de-pendent variable. In this research, 126 effective questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 14.45%. Validity analysis, reliability analysis and regression analysis were conducted to verify each hypothesis. There are three results of the main effects. First, the larger the national culture distance(especially the power distance), the worse the knowledge transfer performance. Second, characteristics of organization culture have positive rela-tion with knowledge transfer performance. Among those characteristics, flexible decen-tralization is the most important one. Third, it could help improve knowledge transfer performance to use different knowledge transfer channels, such as person-to-person and person-to-file. It is shown that person-to-person is the better channel. As to the result of cross effect, there is a significant moderate effect of using plentiful transfer channels to change the influence of national culture distance and organizational culture characteris-tics on knowledge transfer performance.
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Dąbrowska, Anna. "Aktywność uczelni województwa mazowieckiego w kontekście procesu transferu wiedzy." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/1271.
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W ramach pracy doktorskiej podjęłam zagadnienie aktywności uczelni w procesie transferu wiedzy, które wpisuje się w szeroki nurt badań nad rolą instytucji szkolnictwa wyższego w rozwój miast i regionów. Wraz z upowszechnianiem się paradygmatu gospodarki opartej na wiedzy oraz społeczeństwa informacyjnego, zgodnie z którym wiedza traktowana jest jako podstawowy czynnik rozwojowy, zaś instytucje kreujące wiedzę jako determinujące poziom konkurencyjności i innowacyjności regionów, coraz częściej zadaje się pytanie o czynniki odpowiedzialne za aktywność uczelni w procesy tworzenia i rozpowszechniania wiedzy. Zagadnienie to stanowi przedmiot rozważań teoretycznych przedstawicieli różnych dziedzin nauki (geografii i gospodarki przestrzennej, ekonomii i zarządzania, socjologii i nauk politycznych), ale także szeroko podejmowane jest przez środowisko polityków oraz zarządzających uczelniami.
Głównymi celami pracy są: charakterystyka aktywności uczelni województwa mazowieckiego w kontekście procesu transferu wiedzy oraz identyfikacji czynników wpływających na zróżnicowanie tego zjawiska. Te dwa cele o charakterze badawczym uzupełnione zostały o cel metodyczny polegający na opracowaniu koncepcji pomiaru aktywności uczelni w procesie transferu wiedzy. Za obszar badania przyjęłam województwo mazowieckie, które w zakresie szeroko pojętej innowacyjności, potencjału badawczo-rozwojowego i szkolnictwa wyższego jest zdecydowanym liderem wśród innych polskich regionów. Szczegółową analizą objęłam 145 podstawowych jednostek organizacyjnych uczelni zlokalizowanych w województwie mazowieckim, w szczególności w Warszawie. Aktywność uczelni analizowałam na poziomie wyróżnionych siedmiu kanałów transferu wiedzy: (1) działalności edukacyjnej, (2) działalności szkoleniowej, (3) aktywności publikacyjnej, (4) aktywności konferencyjnej, (5) uczestnictwa w sieciach, (6) komercjalizacji praw własności i wdrożeń oraz (7) realizacji badań zleconych i działalności doradczej.
Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań należy uznać, że zaangażowanie uczelni w proces transferu wiedzy ma charakter wielowymiarowy, jednak dominującą rolę odgrywają kanały związane z tradycyjną misją uczelni (publikacje, konferencje oraz edukacja), nie zaś te związane z komercjalizacją praw własności i wdrożeniami, których rola tak silnie podkreślana jest w debacie publicznej. Ponadto, aktywność uczelni w ramach poszczególnych kanałów transferu wiedzy ma w większości charakter komplementarny, a nie substytucyjny. Do czynników w największym stopniu różnicujących aktywność jednostek w procesie transferu wiedzy można zaliczyć typ uczelni (publiczne/niepubliczne) oraz reprezentowaną dziedzinę nauki. Kluczowe znaczenie dla poziomu aktywności ma także wielkość jednostki, w szczególności zasoby kadrowe, a także potencjał finansowy i infrastrukturalny.
Przeprowadzone badania stanowiły dla mnie podstawę do sformułowania rekomendacji dla polityki regionalnej, które odnoszą się do możliwości wykorzystania potencjału naukowo-badawczego uczelni dla rozwoju regionalnego. Ponadto, w rekomendacjach nawiązuję także do zagadnień związanych z dostępnością i jakością danych statystycznych w Polsce opisujących działalność uczelni, traktując te zagadnienia jako priorytetowe w kontekście możliwości rzetelnego i skutecznego planowania i realizowania polityk publicznych.The dissertation addresses the involvement of universities in the process of knowledge transfer, which fits into the broad research trend on the role of higher education institutions in urban and regional development. With the spread of the paradigm of the knowledge economy and information society, whereby knowledge is regarded as a key factor in development, and institutions create knowledge as a determinant of regional competitiveness and innovation, the question of the factors responsible for the involvement of universities in the processes of creating and disseminating knowledge is being addressed more and more often. This issue is a subject of theoretical contemplation for representatives of different scientific disciplines (geography and spatial planning, economics and management, sociology and political science), but it is also frequently addressed by politicians and university management. The main objectives of the dissertation are to characterize the activity of universities in the Masovian Voivodeship in the context of the process of knowledge transfer and to identify the factors influencing the diversity of this phenomenon. These two research objectives are accompanied by a methodological objective involving the development of a way of measuring the involvement of universities in the process of knowledge transfer. The research area is the Masovian Voivodeship, which, in the broad sense of innovation, research and development potential, and higher education, is the clear leader among Polish regions. The detailed analysis covered 145 basic organizational units of universities located in the Masovian Voivodeship, mostly in Warsaw. The activity of each university was analysed based on seven distinct channels of knowledge transfer: (1) teaching, (2) training (CPD), (3) publishing activity, (4) conference activity, (5) participation in networks, (6) the commercialization of intellectual property and implementations, and (7) the realization of contract research and consultancy. The results of the research show that the involvement of universities in the knowledge transfer process is multidimensional; however, the dominant role is played by channels associated with the traditional mission of universities (publications, conferences and education), rather than those related to the commercialization of intellectual property and implementations, which are emphasized in public debate. In addition, the activity of universities within the individual channels of knowledge transfer is mostly complementary, not substitutive. The most salient factors differentiating between individual universities' activities in the process of knowledge transfer include the type of institution (public/private) and the represented field of study. The size of the university, in particular HR, and the financial and infrastructural potential, are also of key importance for the level of activity. The research constitutes a basis on which to formulate recommendations for regional policies which refer to the possibility of taking advantage of the academic and research potential of universities for regional development. In addition, the recommendations also refer to issues related to the availability and quality of statistical data describing the activities of universities in Poland, and treating these issues as priorities in terms of the fair and effective planning and implementation of public policies.
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Lin, Yi-Chieh, and 林依潔. "The study on effects of knowledge characteristics and channels of knowledge transfer on perceived learning effectiveness - a case of salespeople in department store." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29612322157587360451.
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碩士中國文化大學
勞動學研究所
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In the knowledge-based economy era, knowledge is the key to maintain the competitiveness for any organization. Whether the enterprise can be effective transfer of knowledge will be an important issue to practical field and academic circles. There are many factors that influence knowledge transfer effectiveness. This study summarized the relevant literature and identified two key factors: knowledge characteristics and knowledge transfer channels. This study discussed how much impact knowledge transfer through trainings have on various knowledge characteristics, and knowledge transfer channels bring to an organization in relation to learning effectiveness of its employees. This study aimed at salespersons of department stores, and discussed knowledge of product and knowledge of sale in knowledge transfer effectiveness. The number of questionnaires handed out was 220, and the number of questionnaires received back was 192. After eliminating 19 invalid questionnaires, the total number of valid questionnaires was 173. An effective response rate was 78.64%. The important findings are the following: 1. To transfer the exclusive and strategic knowledge characteristics, enterprise would use traditional classroom teaching and the simulated knowledge transfer channels. 2. Both the frequently interpersonal interaction and paper study of knowledge transfer channels were good for employees’ learning effectiveness. 3. The opener and more standardized knowledge characteristics were, the better employees’ learning effectiveness will be; the more exclusive and strategic knowledge characteristics were the worse employees’ learning effectiveness will be. 4. The open and standardized knowledge characteristics would be better transferred by using infrequently interpersonal interaction knowledge transfer channels; exclusive and strategic knowledge characteristics would be better transferred by using frequently interpersonal interaction knowledge transfer channels. When enterprise develop training, they should consider knowledge characteristics, and then choose the most appropriate knowledge transfer channels to achieve the best learning effectiveness.
Books on the topic "Knowledge transfer channels"
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Markusen, James R. Teaching locals new tricks: Foreign experts as a channel of knowledge transfers. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.
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Barbiellini Amidei, Federico, John Cantwell, and Anna Spadavecchia. Innovation and Foreign Technology. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0014.
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The chapter explores the long-run evolution of Italy's performance in technological innovation as a function of international technology transfer, reconstructing the different phases and dimensions of Italian innovative activity, tracking the transfer of foreign technological knowledge through a number of channels, analyzing the impact of imported technology. The study is based on a newly constructed dataset, over the 1861-2009 period, composed of variables related to innovation activity performance, foreign technology transfer, and domestic absorptive and innovative capability. The analysis highlights, also by econometric assessment, the significant contribution of foreign technology to innovation activity results. Machinery imports and the accumulation of technical human capital contributed positively to innovation activity; inward FDI contributed positively to productivity growth, but not to indigenous innovation activity results. Differences across channels of technology transfer and historical phases emerge, also in connection with the evolution of human capital endowment and domestic innovative capacity.
Book chapters on the topic "Knowledge transfer channels"
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Eiringhaus, Daniel, Hendrik Riedmann, and Oliver Knab. "Definition and Evaluation of Advanced Rocket Thrust Chamber Demonstrator Concepts." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 407–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_26.
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Abstract Since the beginning of the German collaborative research center SFB-TRR 40 in 2008 ArianeGroup has been involved as industrial partner and supported the research activities with its expertise. For the final funding period ArianeGroup actively contributes to the SFB-TRR 40 with the self-financed project K4. Within project K4 virtual thrust chamber demonstrators have been defined that allow the application of the attained knowledge of the entire collaborative research center to state-of-the-art numerical benchmark cases. Furthermore, ArianeGroup uses these testcases to continue the development of its in-house spray combustion and performance analysis tool Rocflam3. Unique within the collaborative research center fully three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer computations have been performed for a full-scale 100 kN upper stage thrust chamber. The strong three-dimensionality of the temperature field in the structure resulting from injection element and cooling channel configuration is displayed.
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"Channels for Knowledge Transfer: Managing Communication Portfolios." In Developing Knowledge-Based Client Relationships, 145–63. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780080504148-15.
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Zapata-Cantú, Laura, Teresa Treviño, Flor Morton, and Ernesto López Monterrubio. "Digital Technologies as Media to Transfer Knowledge in IT Firms." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services, 204–17. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9607-5.ch009.
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During the last decade, improvements in information and communication technologies have made possible the transformation of knowledge transfer processes from purely informal to increasingly formal and more diverse communication mechanisms that enrich intra-organizational communication channels. In this chapter, the authors followed a case study approach to analyze three Mexican companies with the objective of understanding how companies in the IT sector are implementing digital technologies to achieve knowledge transfer in their organizations. The findings suggest that workers seek and choose tools that can be personalized and customized to adapt to their own needs. New digital technologies are proving to be a new and relevant channel of communication among people: therefore, these should be considered to be one possible way to motivate knowledge transfer at work.
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"Assessing the impacts of knowledge transfer on innovation: Channels and challenges." In University-Industry Collaboration, 29–38. OECD, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/3666bb48-en.
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Jaguli, Abd Rahim. "Channel for Vertical Spillovers." In Foreign Direct Investments, 540–62. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2448-0.ch023.
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The objective of this study was to fill a research gap, where the channels through which technology and knowledge were transferred remained unexplored in the existing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) knowledge transfer literature. A case study method was adopted as it is appropriate for exploring the complex process of knowledge transfer. The findings obtained from the case studies were able to demonstrate a positive relationship between MNCs and local innovation where knowledge and technology can be diffused through training programmes offered by MNCs to local suppliers. It provides an understanding as to the extent to which MNCs, through linkages with local firms, may facilitate the innovation activities of said local firms. Policy implications are subsequently discussed and future research suggestions are then put forth.
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Jaguli, Abd Rahim. "Channel for Vertical Spillovers." In Handbook of Research on Impacts of International Business and Political Affairs on the Global Economy, 111–32. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9806-2.ch006.
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The objective of this study was to fill a research gap, where the channels through which technology and knowledge were transferred remained unexplored in the existing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) knowledge transfer literature. A case study method was adopted as it is appropriate for exploring the complex process of knowledge transfer. The findings obtained from the case studies were able to demonstrate a positive relationship between MNCs and local innovation where knowledge and technology can be diffused through training programmes offered by MNCs to local suppliers. It provides an understanding as to the extent to which MNCs, through linkages with local firms, may facilitate the innovation activities of said local firms. Policy implications are subsequently discussed and future research suggestions are then put forth.
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Nemati-Anaraki, Leila, and Azadeh Heidari. "Knowledge Sharing for Improving Effectiveness of University-Industry Collaborations." In Business Intelligence, 955–72. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9562-7.ch049.
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Knowledge is one of the most important strategic resources in industrial organizations. Knowledge sharing is a mechanism to capture, disseminate, transfer, and apply useful knowledge. For these reasons, knowledge sharing has become a strategic issue as a source of funding for university research and as a policy tool for economic development for industrial organizations. Collaborations between universities and industrial organizations can play an important role in the areas of knowledge sharing. There are many factors that can affect collaboration between industrial firms and universities. This chapter begins with the description of the term knowledge. It discusses knowledge sharing and collaborations between universities and industrial organizations and the importance of communicational channels, especially information and communication technologies and university libraries. Finally, this chapter proposes a conceptual model for knowledge sharing collaborations between universities and industrial organizations.
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Petmesidou, Maria, and María González Menéndez. "Policy transfer and innovation for building resilient bridges to the youth labor market." In Youth Labor in Transition, 163–92. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190864798.003.0006.
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In the aftermath of the Great Recession, rising levels of youth unemployment led to an array of policy responses involving learning, transfer, and experimentation to address the complex needs of youth at risk. Reviewing these recent experiences, this chapter examines nine European countries (including Turkey) representing a range of different school-to-work transition regimes and with varying levels of youth unemployment and gender inequalities. It analyzes the institutional and process “enablers” of and “barriers” to policy learning and innovation, and it traces the pathways and major foci of learning and transfer within and between countries, as well as through supranational channels. This examination highlights where changes in policy governance have occurred. It is concluded that innovative initiatives for sustained labor market integration of youth require a policy environment that is conducive to coordinated sharing and diffusion of knowledge between different levels of administration and joint stakeholders’ bodies.
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Medeni, Tunc D., I. Tolga Medeni, and Asim Balci. "Proposing a Knowledge Amphora Model for Transition towards Mobile Government." In Mobile Opportunities and Applications for E-Service Innovations, 170–92. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2654-6.ch010.
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As an important project for Turkey to achieve Information/Knowledge Society Strategic Goals, the e-Government Gateway currently focuses on the delivery of public services via a single portal on the Internet. In later stages, other channels such as mobile devices will be available for use, underlying a transition towards mobile and ubiquitous government services. In order to provide a supportive base for this transition, the authors develop a modeling of knowledge amphora (@), and link this conceptual model with the e-government gateway. Based on Knowledge Science concepts such as ubiquity, ba (physical, virtual, mental place for relationship-building and knowledge-creation), ma (time-space in-between-ness), reflection and refraction, the modeling of Knowledge Amphora incorporates the interactions @ the Internet and mobile devices that contribute to cross-cultural information transfer and knowledge creation. The paper presents recent electronic and mobile government developments of E-Government Gateway Project in Turkey as an application example of this philosophical and theoretical modeling. The contributed Ubiquitous Participation Platform for Policy Making (UbiPOL) project aims to develop a ubiquitous platform allowing citizens to be involved in policy making processes (PMPs). The resulting work is a practical case study as that develops new m-government operations.
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W. Thatcher, Robert, Carl J. Biver, Ernesto Palermero Soler, Joel Lubar, and J. Lucas Koberda. "Advances in Electrical Neuroimaging, Brain Networks and Neurofeedback Protocols." In Smart Biofeedback - Perspectives and Applications. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94326.
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Human EEG biofeedback (neurofeedback) started in the 1940s using 1 EEG recording channel, then to 4 channels in the 1990s. New advancements in electrical neuroimaging expanded EEG biofeedback to 19 channels using Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) three-dimensional current sources of the EEG. In 2004–2006 the concept of a “real-time” comparison of the EEG to a healthy reference database was developed and tested using surface EEG z-score neurofeedback based on a statistical bell curve called “real-time” z-scores. The “real-time” or “live” normative reference database comparison was developed to help reduce the uncertainty of what threshold to select to activate a feedback signal and to unify all EEG measures to a single value, i.e., the distance from the mean of an age matched reference sample. In 2009 LORETA z-score neurofeedback further increased the specificity by targeting brain network hubs referred to as Brodmann areas. A symptom check list program to help link symptoms to dysregulation of brain networks based on fMRI and PET and neurology was created in 2009. The symptom checklist and NIH based networks linking symptoms to brain networks grew out of the human brain mapping program starting in 1990 which is continuing today. A goal is to increase specificity of EEG biofeedback by targeting brain network hubs and connections between hubs likely linked to the patient’s symptoms. New advancements in electrical neuroimaging introduced in 2017 provide increased resolution of three-dimensional source localization with 12,700 voxels using swLORETA with the capacity to conduct cerebellar neurofeedback and neurofeedback of subcortical brain hubs such as the thalamus, amygdala and habenula. Future applications of swLORETA z-score neurofeedback represents another example of the transfer of knowledge gained by the human brain mapping initiatives to further aid in helping people with cognition problems as well as balance problems and parkinsonism. A brief review of the past, present and future predictions of z-score neurofeedback are discussed with special emphasis on new developments that point toward a bright and enlightened future in the field of EEG biofeedback.
Conference papers on the topic "Knowledge transfer channels"
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Vianello, Giovanna, and Saeema Ahmed. "Investigating Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms for Oil Rigs." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86967.
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It is widely recognized, both in industry and academia, that clear strategies in knowledge transfer positively influence the success of a firm. A firm should support the transfer of knowledge by standardizing communication channels within and across departments, based upon personalization, codification or a combination of these two strategies. The characteristics of the business influence the choice of communication channels used for knowledge transfer. This paper presents a case study exploring the transfer of knowledge within and across projects, specifically the transfer of service knowledge in the case of complex machinery. The strategies used for knowledge transfer were analysed and compared with the expected transfer mechanisms, similarities and differences were investigated and are described. A family of four identical rigs for offshore drilling was the selected case. The transfer of experience across the rigs during the commissioning phase of the first and the second rigs of the series was explored through interviews with the operators and the project management team. Differences between the expected knowledge transfer strategy, focused upon the moving of rig personnel and reusing of lessons learnt from one rig to the next, and the actual situation emerged. Various approaches for transferring knowledge were elicited and analysed with regard to the types of knowledge that were transferred and the context in which they were used. This study indicates factors that should be considered whilst designing a knowledge management system to support the systematic reuse of service knowledge.
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Qu, Weilin, Seok-Mann Yoon, and Issam Mudawar. "Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Rectangular Micro-Channels." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47050.
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Knowledge of flow pattern and flow pattern transitions is essential to the development of reliable predictive tools for pressure drop and heat transfer in two-phase micro-channel heat sinks. In the present study, experiments were conducted with adiabatic nitrogen-water two-phase flow in a rectangular micro-channel having a 0.406 × 2.032 mm cross-section. Superficial velocities of nitrogen and water ranged from 0.08 to 81.92 m/s and 0.04 to 10.24 m/s, respectively. Flow patterns were first identified using high-speed video imaging, and still photos were then taken for representative patterns. Results reveal that the dominant flow patterns are slug and annular, with bubbly flow occurring only occasionally; stratified and churn flow were never observed. A flow pattern map was constructed and compared with previous maps and predictions of flow pattern transition models. Annual flow is identified as the dominant flow pattern for conditions relevant to two-phase micro-channel heat sinks, and forms the basis for development of a theoretical model for both pressure drop and heat transfer in micro-channels. Features unique to two-phase micro-channel flow, such as laminar liquid and gas flows, smooth liquid-gas interface, and strong entrainment and deposition effects are incorporated into the model. The model shows good agreement with experimental data for water-cooled heat sinks.
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Lamont, Justin A., and Srinath V. Ekkad. "Detailed Heat Transfer Measurements Inside Rotating Ribbed Channels Using the Transient Liquid Crystal Technique." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44127.
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The effects of the Coriolis force and centrifugal buoyancy are well known in rotating internal serpentine coolant channels in turbine blades. As channel flow in rotation is highly complex, detailed knowledge of the heat transfer over a surface will greatly enhance the blade designer’s ability to predict hot spots so coolant may be distributed effectively. The present study uses a novel transient liquid crystal technique to measure heat transfer on a rotating two-pass channel surface with chilled inlet air. The present study examines the differences in heat transfer distributions of three channel types in rotation: smooth wall, 90° ribs, and W-shaped ribs. The two channels in the test section model radially inward and outward flow. To account for centrifugal buoyancy, cold air is passed through a room temperature test section. This ensures that buoyancy is acting in a similar direction to real turbine blades. Three parameters were controlled in the testing: inlet coolant-to-wall density ratio, channel Reynolds number, and Rotation number. Results were compared to previous studies with similar test conditions. The present study shows that the W-shaped ribs enhance heat transfer in all cases (stationary and rotating) approximately 2–3 times better than the 90° ribs. The W-shaped ribbed channel is least affected by rotation due to the complex nature of the flow generated by the geometry.
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Zhang, Xumei, and Xueqin Li. "Research on the model and strategy of drug knowledge transfer process in pharmaceutical marketing channels." In 2012 9th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2012.6233959.
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Shuai, Jianyun, Rudi Kulenovic, and Manfred Groll. "Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop for Flow Boiling of Water in Narrow Vertical Rectangular Channels." In ASME 2003 1st International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2003-1084.
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Flow boiling in small-sized channels attracted extensive investigations in the past two decades due to special requirements for transfer of high heat fluxes from narrow spaces in various industrial applications. Experiments on various aspects of flow boiling in narrow channels were carried out and theoretical attempts were undertaken. But these investigations showed large differences, e.g. up till now the knowledge on the development of flow patterns in small non-circular flow passages is very limited. This paper deals with investigations on flow boiling of water in two rectangular channels with dimensions (width×depth) 2.0×4.0 mm2 and 0.5×2.0 mm2 (corresponding hydraulic diameters are 2.67 mm and 0.8 mm). The pressure at the test section exit is atmospheric. For steady-state experimental conditions the effects of heat flux, mass flux and inlet subcooling on the boiling heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop are investigated. Flow patterns and the transition of flow patterns along the channel axis are visualized and documented with a video-camera. Bubbly flow, slug flow and annular flow are distinguished in both channels. Preliminary flow pattern maps are generated.
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Madrid, Francesc, Nadia Caney, and Philippe Marty. "Flow Boiling Study in Mini-Channels." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96048.
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Mini-channel heat exchangers improve thermal performance in comparison to conventional macro-channel heat exchangers, being highly efficient, compact and requiring low fluid mass. However, classical correlations for two-phase flow in macro-channels fail in predicting the heat transfer coefficient in mini-channels. Therefore, new studies are needed in order to provide better knowledge on flow boiling phenomena in confined spaces. The proposed paper presents an experimental study on two-phase vertical flow boiling in mini-channels. The aim of this work is to determine the heat transfer coefficient and to study the pressure drop in a mini-channel heat exchanger (hydraulic diameter of 840μm) in order to obtain better understanding of the flow boiling mechanisms. A vertical upward flow test section is connected to a primary HFE-7100 circuit. A preheater imposes a given sub-cooled fluid temperature or a given two-phase vapour quality at the inlet. Downstream in the test loop, the fluid is condensed and pumped again into the test section. The pressure drop and the heat transfer coefficient in the test section have been measured for a variety of conditions. Different heat flux, inlet vapour quality and mass flow rate values have been tested. For the heat transfer coefficient, a correlating model is proposed as a function of the superficial velocity. This parameter appears to be much more appropriate than the vapour quality or the mass flow rate for dry-out occurrence prediction. A single critical velocity value has been found.
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Leontiev, A. I., I. A. Popov, Yu F. Gortyshov, V. V. Olympiev, and S. I. Kas'kov. "Efficiency of Surface Heat Transfer Intensifiers for Laminar and Turbulent Flows in Heat Exchanger Channels." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13553.
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The present work presents the comparison of efficiency of surface-type intensifiers in a wide range of geometric parameters and in the range of Reynolds numbers corresponding to rated laminar and turbulent flow regimes in a channel on the basis of a single general criterion. It is also aimed to clarify objective thermal and hydraulic properties of intensifiers, to present a table of intensifier optimal parameters for the further theory and practice development, to formulate practical recommendations for selecting intensifier types and parameters in the design of promising energy-saving heat transfer equipment. The comparison of intensifiers efficiency was carried out under identical conditions for constricted and unobstructed channels containing intensifiers of various shapes. It is shown that intensifiers in the form of transverse annular ridges and systems of spherical holes show high thermal and hydraulic efficiency at specific flow operating parameters and design parameters of both, a channel and intensifier. The acquired results and recommendations on optimal parameters of surface-type intensifiers make it possible to calculate and design heat exchangers with intensifier optimal configurations and sizes. To confirm the obtained fundamental knowledge in the field of surface heat transfer augmentation based on a system of spherical holes/ridges several heat exchanger prototypes were developed.
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Ahrend, Ulf, Angelika Hartmann, and Juergen Koehler. "Measurements of Local Heat Transfer Coefficients in Heat Exchangers With Inclined Flat Tubes by Means of the Ammonia Absorption Method." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-23092.
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For high efficiency compact heat exchangers one needs to gain detailed knowledge of the distribution of the local heat transfer. For a profound assessment of heat enhancing mechanisms like secondary flow structures which are often found at rather small scales it is necessary to perform heat transfer measurements with high spatial resolution. A technique that satisfies this need is the ammonia absorption method (AAM). It is based on the analogy between heat and mass transfer. The here presented paper describes a new calibration approach for the AAM. It is done through the use of a well established heat transfer correlation for the hydrodynamic and thermal entry in parallel plate channels. This calibration approach is applied to heat transfer measurements in compact heat exchangers with inclined flat tubes and plane fins at Redh = 3000. The heat transfer performance is compared to fin-and-tube heat exchangers with round tubes. It is found that the novel devices show consistently higher global Nusselt numbers than comparable round tube heat exchangers.
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Montomoli, F., P. Adami, S. Della Gatta, and F. Martelli. "Conjugate Heat Transfer Modelling in Film Cooled Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53177.
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A reliable and accurate prediction of temperature field in hot components plays a key role in design process of modern gas turbines. The first stages of turbine and the combustor basket are usually subjected to high heat transfer rates and hot gas temperatures exceed the melting point of the employed alloys. The accurate knowledge of temperature distribution could extend the life of critical components through an accurate design of coolant systems. The present work concerns the upgrade of the finite volume CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) solver HybFlow, (see Adami et al.[1]) to simulate heat transfer in gas turbine cooling devices. In particular, the conjugate simulation of flow field heat transfer and metal heat conduction has been considered. To this aim, the original solver has been coupled to a routine solving the Fourier equation in solid domain. This modification allows the “conjugate heat transfer” investigation of heat transfer in fluid flow and solid domain simultaneously. The code has been validated through two different test-case applications. The first is a laminar flow over a flat plate, while the second is a film-cooled plate. Finally, a complete 3D film cooled NGV (Nozzle Guide Vane) has been investigated as an example for a more complex application. The simulation couples the thermal field inside the metal and the flow field in the vane, in the two plenum channels and in the six rows of cooling channels as well.
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Lamont, Justin A., Srinath V. Ekkad, and Mary Anne Alvin. "Heat Transfer Distribution of Various Rib Geometries for Developing Flow at High Rotation Numbers." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62610.
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The Coriolis force and centrifugal buoyancy have a significant effect on the cooling performance for rotating internal serpentine coolant channels in gas turbine blades. As coolant flow in rotation is highly complex, detailed knowledge of the heat transfer over a surface will greatly enhance the blade designer’s ability to predict hot spots so coolant may be distributed effectively. The present study uses a novel transient liquid crystal technique to measure heat transfer on a rotating, radially outward coolant channel, which is a simplified model of the actual coolant channels. Various rib types such as 90°, W, and M-shaped ribs of varying types are used to roughen the walls. The present study measures the effects of high rotation numbers (Ro) on the performance and heat transfer distribution of different rib types in developing flow. The present study measures how effective the ribs are up to Ro = 0.5. The Reynolds number (Re) is held constant at 12,000. Results show that in the developing region, the W and M-shaped “high-performance” ribs are just as effective as the simple 90° ribs for increasing heat transfer. The entrance effect in the developing region causes significantly high baseline heat transfer enhancement which may explain why ribs are not as effective as they are in the fully developed region. As the rotation number is increased, results show that the heat transfer on the trailing side increases, while the leading side decreases to a limit and remains constant. For all rotational cases, the W and M-shaped ribs show large changes to the heat transfer distributions on the leading and trailing sides.
Reports on the topic "Knowledge transfer channels"
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Markusen, James, and Natalia Trofimenko. Teaching Locals New Tricks: Foreign Experts as a Channel of Knowledge Transfers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12872.
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Tzfira, Tzvi, Michael Elbaum, and Sharon Wolf. DNA transfer by Agrobacterium: a cooperative interaction of ssDNA, virulence proteins, and plant host factors. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695881.bard.
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Agrobacteriumtumefaciensmediates genetic transformation of plants. The possibility of exchanging the natural genes for other DNA has led to Agrobacterium’s emergence as the primary vector for genetic modification of plants. The similarity among eukaryotic mechanisms of nuclear import also suggests use of its active elements as media for non-viral genetic therapy in animals. These considerations motivate the present study of the process that carries DNA of bacterial origin into the host nucleus. The infective pathway of Agrobacterium involves excision of a single-stranded DNA molecule (T-strand) from the bacterial tumor-inducing plasmid. This transferred DNA (T-DNA) travels to the host cell cytoplasm along with two virulence proteins, VirD2 and VirE2, through a specific bacteriumplant channel(s). Little is known about the precise structure and composition of the resulting complex within the host cell and even less is known about the mechanism of its nuclear import and integration into the host cell genome. In the present proposal we combined the expertise of the US and Israeli labs and revealed many of the biophysical and biological properties of the genetic transformation process, thus enhancing our understanding of the processes leading to nuclear import and integration of the Agrobacterium T-DNA. Specifically, we sought to: I. Elucidate the interaction of the T-strand with its chaperones. II. Analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the T-complex and its chaperones in vitro. III. Analyze kinetics of T-complex formation and T-complex nuclear import. During the past three years we accomplished our goals and made the following major discoveries: (1) Resolved the VirE2-ssDNA three-dimensional structure. (2) Characterized VirE2-ssDNA assembly and aggregation, along with regulation by VirE1. (3) Studied VirE2-ssDNA nuclear import by electron tomography. (4) Showed that T-DNA integrates via double-stranded (ds) intermediates. (5) Identified that Arabidopsis Ku80 interacts with dsT-DNA intermediates and is essential for T-DNA integration. (6) Found a role of targeted proteolysis in T-DNA uncoating. Our research provide significant physical, molecular, and structural insights into the Tcomplex structure and composition, the effect of host receptors on its nuclear import, the mechanism of T-DNA nuclear import, proteolysis and integration in host cells. Understanding the mechanical and molecular basis for T-DNA nuclear import and integration is an essential key for the development of new strategies for genetic transformation of recalcitrant plant species. Thus, the knowledge gained in this study can potentially be applied to enhance the transformation process by interfering with key steps of the transformation process (i.e. nuclear import, proteolysis and integration). Finally, in addition to the study of Agrobacterium-host interaction, our research also revealed some fundamental insights into basic cellular mechanisms of nuclear import, targeted proteolysis, protein-DNA interactions and DNA repair.