Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Korean churches. Preaching. Preaching'

Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of our study was not merely to recount the ethical problems of the Korean Protestant Church and its members, but to suggest a new ethical preaching mode for resolving these problems. Thus, in order to research the subject of our study, we used two methodologies: Dingemans’s practical theological methodology and the Heidelberg method of sermon analysis. In chapter one, we stated the question why the Korean Protestant Church’s growth is declining, and described the current social situation in which the Korean people are starting to turn their backs on the Korean Protestant Church, and also mistrusting the morality of this Church as its members do not seem to act in accordance with their stated beliefs. Their ethical behaviour does not correspond with the content of their confession. In order to show exactly the practical and problematic phenomenon of the Korean Protestant Church and its members, we used the results of six surveys conducted recently by several institutes. Furthermore, in order to expose exactly the Korean Protestant Christian’s ethical problems in terms of homiletics, we suggested that our study focuses on the following three issues: political, triumphal and narrative, as these three sermon patterns flow like rivers into the Korean Protestant Church and its American theological connection. By doing so, our study hoped to contribute ultimately towards the rediscovery and revalidation of ethical preaching in contemporary Korea. From chapter two to chapter seven, we thus strived to explain the content of, and relationship between, the three preaching modes as described above (political, triumphal, and experiential), and we analysed the sermons of three representative Korean Protestant preachers in detail, by using the framework of the Heidelberg method. In chapter eight, we evaluated the ethical situation of the Korean Protestant Church and its members in contemporary Korea as follows: “Consequently, in contemporary Korea, the Koreans no longer believe and trust the Korean Protestant Church. Thus, since the 1990s, the present Korean Protestant Church is experiencing a decline in the attendance of its members because the present Korean Protestant Church has lost its dignity due to its ethical problems. In our opinion, it is true that the Korean Protestant Church needs to discover Christian ethics; thus, the Church must especially focus on its lack of social ethics and political responsibility in the Reformed theological views. In order to promote the public’s trust in the Korean Protestant Church and its members, it is inevitable that Korean Protestant ministers must focus more on Christian ethics than on the outward development of the Church in contemporary Korea. Thus, in order to establish Christian ethics in Korea, the Korean Protestant preachers must consider ethical preaching, through which naturally, Christians will try to follow Jesus’ life and teachings before God by faith in the world.” In chapter nine, we explained in detail what ethical preaching is, i.e. we introduced the necessity for ethical preaching, and defined it as well as components thereof. In particular, we emphasized that the world’s position and function are unique, as evil controls the world in terms of ethical preaching because human beings have been captured by the multiplicity of the powers or related them to contemporary social realities, and they cannot but produce Christian ethical problems in the world. Furthermore, we suggested the following: “We obviously need the harmony of Campbell and Long’s homiletical views in order to create the best framework for ethical preaching for contemporary Korea.” In chapter ten, we critically compared and reflected on the homiletical views of Campbell and Long in terms of ethical preaching. Furthermore, we created a new ethical preaching mode for contemporary Korea. In chapter eleven, we introduced some suggestions as regards the way ethical preaching could be done in contemporary Korea, i.e. we strived to compose a sermon’s synopsis of ethical preaching with the newly formed framework. Thus, with Luke 8:22-39, we dealt with “the division of Korea into North and South” and, with Luke 10:25-37, “racial prejudice toward coloured foreign workers” by using the newly formed ethical preaching mode. In chapter twelve, we summarized and concluded our dissertation. As regards the homiletical field of Korea, we introduced four benefits our study can offer. On the other hand, we pointed out the shortcomings of our study as follows: “Jesus Christ and ethical issues from the Old Testament” and “the relationship between our ethical preaching mode and Christian worship, especially liturgy.” In this chapter, thus, we emphasized the abovementioned points as suggestions for future research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van ons studie was nie ʼn blote weergee van die etiese probleme van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate nie, maar om ʼn nuwe metode van etiese prediking ter oplossing van hierdie probleme voor te stel. Gevolglik het ons, ten einde navorsing oor ons onderwerp te doen, twee metodologiee aangewend: Dingemans se prakties-teologiese metodologie en die Heidelbergse metode van prediking analise. In hoofstuk 1 het ons die vraag gestel waarom daar ʼn afname was in die groei van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en die huidige sosiale situasie waarin die Koreaanse bevolking die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk die rug keer en ook die moraliteit van die kerk aangesien sy lidmate nie handel volgens hul verklaarde oortuigings nie beskryf. Hul etiese gedrag stem nie ooreen met die inhoud van hul belydenis nie. Ten einde die praktiese en problematiese verskynsel van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate juis te beklemtoon, het ons die resultate van ses opnames wat onlangs deur verskeie institute gedoen is gebruik. Verder, om die etiese probleme van die Koreaanse Protestantse Christen in terme van homilitiek noukeurig bloot te le, het ons voorgestel dat ons studie op die volgende drie aspekte fokus: politiese, triomferende en narratiewe aangesien hierdie drie erediens patrone soos riviere in die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy Amerikaanse teologiese verbintenis vloei. Sodoende hoop ons studie om uiteindelik ʼn bydrae te lewer tot die herontdekking en herbekragtiging van etiese prediking in hedendaagse Korea. Vanaf hoofstuk twee tot hoofstuk sewe het ons dus daarna gestreef om die inhoud van en die verhouding tussen die drie metodes van prediking, soos hierbo beskryf (politiese, triomferende en narratiewe), te verduidelik en het ons deur middel van die Heidelbergse metode die preke van drie verteenwoordigende Koreaanse Protestantse predikers breedvoerig geanaliseer. In hoofstuk ag (t) het ons die etiese situasie van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate soos volg geevalueer: “Gevolglik glo en vertrou die Koreane in hedendaagse Korea nie meer die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk nie. Dus, sedert die 1990’s beleef die huidige Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk ʼn afname in die bywoning van sy lidmate omdat die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk sy waardigheid verloor het as gevolg van sy etiese probleme. Volgens ons is dit waar dat die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk Christelike etiek moet ontdek; dus, die Kerk moet spesifiek fokus op sy gebrek aan sosiale etiek en politieke verantwoordelikheid in die gereformeerde teologiese gesigspunte. Ten einde die publiek se vertroue in die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk en sy lidmate te bevorder, is dit onvermydelik dat die predikante van die Koreaanse Protestantse Kerk meer moet fokus op Christelike etiek as op die uiterlike ontwikkeling van die kerk in hedendaagse Korea. Dus moet Koreaanse Protestantse predikers etiese prediking, waardeur Christene in die wereld sal probeer om Jesus se lewe en onderwysings voor God deur geloof te volg, oorweeg ten einde Christelike etiek in Korea te vestig.” In hoofstuk nege het ons breedvoerig verduidelik wat etiese prediking behels, d.w.s. ons het die noodsaaklikheid van etiese prediking ingelei en dit tesame met die komponente daarvan gedefinieer. Ons het in besonder die uniekheid van die wereld se posisie en funksie beklemtoon aangesien boosheid die wereld in terme van etiese prediking beheer omdat mense gevange geneem is deur die veelvoudige magte of eietydse, met hul verbonde sosiale werklikhede en hulle nie anders kan as om Christelike etiese probleme in die wereld voort te bring nie. Verder het ons die volgende voorgestel: “Ons het duidelik die harmonie van Campbell en Long se homiletiese standpunte nodig ten einde die beste raamwerk vir etiese prediking vir hedendaagse Korea te skep.” In hoofstuk tien het ons die kritiese vergelyking getref tussen en gereflekteer op die homiletiese uitgangspunte van Campbell en Long in terme van etiese prediking. Voorts het ons ʼn nuwe metode van etiese prediking vir hedendaagse Korea ontwikkel. In hoofstuk elf het ons sekere voorstelle betreffende die manier waarop etiese prediking in hedendaagse Korea gedoen sou kon word aangebied, d.w.s. ons het daarna gestrewe om ʼn prediking se oorsig van etiese prediking met ʼn nuutgevormde raamwerk saam te stel. Dus, met Lukas 8:22-39 het ons gefokus op “die verdeling van Korea in Noord en Suid” en met Lukas 10:25-37, “rassistiese vooroordeel teenoor gekleurde buitelandse arbeiders” deur van die nuutgevormde metode van etiese prediking gebruik te maak. In hoofstuk twaalf het ons die dissertasie saamgevat en afgesluit. Ons het, betrekking tot die homiletiese landskap in Korea, vier voordele wat ons studie kan bied voorgestel. Enersyds het ons sekere tekortkominge van ons studie soos volg uitgewys: “Jesus Christus en die etiese kwessies van die Ou Testament” en “die verhouding tussen ons etiese predikingswyse en Christelike aanbidding, veral liturgie”. In hierdie hoofstuk het ons dus die bogenoemde punte as voorstelle vir toekomstige navorsing voorgestel.

Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: a reasonable foundation for their authority is needed. Lastly, it is argued that within the Korean context, the preacher’s “reasonable authority” should have the Word of God as its foundation. Chapter 5 demonstrates three key aspects of the preacher’s ethos by highlighting the following: firstly, three kinds of proofs for structural principles, i.e. persuasion by moral character (ethos); persuasion by putting the hearer into a certain emotional frame of mind (pathos); and persuasion by the speech itself, when the truth or apparent truth(logos) is established. Secondly, an important rule for the preacher’s ethos, namely that listeners must trust and feel connected with the speaker. Thirdly, the attitude of the audience as an important element that influences and even constructs the speaker’s character. Chapter 6 presents four key aspects of preaching in crisis as related to the preacher’s ethos by pointing out the following: firstly, preachers cannot be separated from their preaching. Secondly, a large part of preparation for preaching is the preachers’ own personal preparation–the impact from the pulpit is indeed tied to their own moral character and ethos. Thirdly, the most importance aspect of the preachers’ ethos in preaching is the danger of their possible inconsistent lifestyle .Preachers’ talk should be supported and balanced by their walk. Lastly, the key point of the preachers’ ethos related to their congregations is that, in their minds during reparation of the sermons, there should always be recognition of the reality of a listening audience. Chapter 7 focuses on ethos related to two areas: firstly, the development of the preachers’ ethos. Secondly, some suggestions for the development of their ethos concern five aspects, such as their vocation, spirituality, reading, prayer and “glory”.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die belangrikheid van predikers se etos in prediking uit te lig. Oor prediking bestaan daar baie hedendaagse kritiek. Die kwynende invloed van prediking word deur sommige aan die deur van die prediker se eie persoonlike etos gelê. Dus, wat beteken etos met betrekking tot die prediker? Hierdie vraag vorm deel van die kern van hierdie navorsing. Die verhouding tussen etos en prediking is duidelik van groot belang. Hoofstuk 2 ondersoek die basiese konsep van ‘n prediker met betrekking tot vyf sleutel aspekte: Eerstens, die definisie van “prediker” is dat hy/sy ‘n dienaar van die Woord en van God is. Tweedens, die betekenis van die prediker se roeping is soos dié van Jesus Christus en die uitgangspunt is dat die prediker woorde lei tot die gemeente se verlossing. Derdens, in die praktyk word ‘n prediker dikwels as ‘n ambassadeur, profeet, getuie, herder, rentmeester, boodskapper of woordvoerder beskryf. Vierdens, in prediking is die prediker se taak dié van ‘n bemiddelaar tussen God en mens, ‘n vertolker van die Bybel vir die gemeentelede en om hulle te inspireer om ‘n meersinvolle lewe te lei. Laastens het die navorser klem gelê op die belang van prediking met betrekking tot ses areas: die prediker, die gemeente, die kerk, aanbidding, die Christendom en die wêreld. Hoofstuk 3 ondersoek sekere voorlopige navorsing op huidige prediking in krisis. In ‘n sekere sin bejeën (post)moderne mense, soos sosiale wetenskaplikes, kommunikasie kundiges, teoloë en hulle in die kerkbanke, prediking met negatiwiteit. Elke groep het sy eie fokus van kritiek, maar wat dit ookal mag wees, hulle stem almal saam dat iets ernstigs verkeerd is met vandag se preke. Hoofstuk 4 ondersoek die algemene omstandighede van die kerk en prediking, asookdie prediker in die Koreaanse konteks, met die fokus op die volgende vier aspekte. Eerstens, die Koreaanse Kerk is een van die verstommende fenomene in die Christendom se onlangse geskiedenis. Ongelukkig het dié Kerk se groei inderdaad opgehou en het selfs ‘n agteruitgang getoon sedert die middel 90s. Tweedens, ‘n noukeurige studie van Koreaanse prediking het bewys dat hierdie teologiese instelling nie sterk is nie en dat ‘n vorm van bevooroordeelde eksegese van die Bybel tans versprei. Derdens, in die Koreaanse konteks het Koreaanse predikers buitensporige outoriteit; hulle is verantwoordelik vir vele aktiwiteite en ‘n redelike basis vir hul outoriteit is nodig. Laastens word geargumenteer dat, binne die Koreaanse konteks, die prediker se “redelike outoriteit” die Woord van God as basis moet behou. Hoofstuk 5 demonstreer drie sleutel aspekte van die prediker se etos deur die volgende uit te lig: eerstens, drie soorte strukturele rigsnoere, naamlik oorreding deur morele karakter (etos); oorreding deur die hoorder in ‘n sekere emosionele gemoedstoestand (patos) te plaas; en oorreding deur die toespraak self, wanneer die waarheid of oënskynlike waarheid (logos) bepaal is. Tweedens, ‘n belangrike reël vir die prediker se etos is dat luisteraars die spreker vertrou en aan hom/haar verbind voel. Derdens, houding as ‘n belangrike element wat gehorebeïnvloed om die spreker se karakter te beoordeel. Hoofstuk 6 bied vier sleutel aspekte van krisisprediking met betrekking tot die prediker se etos, naamlik: eerstens,predikers kan nie van hul prediking geskei word nie. Tweedens, ‘n groot deel van die voorbereiding vir prediking is die predikers se eie persoonlike voorbereiding –impak vanaf die kansel is inderdaad verbind aan hul eie morele karakter en etos. Derdens is die belangrikste aspek van die predikers se etos die gevaar van hul moontlike teenstrydige leefwyse. Predikers se woorde moet ondersteun en gebalanseer word deur hul optrede. Laastens, die sleutelpunt van die predikers se etos, wat betref hul gemeentes,is dat daar tydens die preekvoorbereiding ‘n voortdurende bewussyn van die realiteit van ‘n luisterende gehoor moet wees. Hoofstuk 7 fokus op twee areas: eerstens, die ontwikkeling van predikers se etos. Tweedens, ‘n paar voorstelle vir die ontwikkeling van hierdie etos met betrekking tot vyf aspekte, naamlik predikers se roeping, spiritualiteit, leeswerk, gebed en “heeklikheid”.

Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research begins from the concern of the Korean Presbyterian Church about the tension between affirming and rejecting attitudes toward the world. The tension between these two attitudes regarding the world is also evident in the homiletical situation. The affirming attitude secularizes the message of the gospel through “positive-thinking” and “possibility-thinking”. Contrary to this, the attitude of rejecting the secular minds makes moral instruction or societal reform the primary focus of the message. However, congregants who hear the message are not only in the church, but also live in a secular society. To Christians, a balanced perspective on the world is required in the sense of that to deny the world is to deny the grounds of their life, and to affirm the world is to lose their distinctive identity. In chapter 1, this research states the problems faced by the Korean Presbyterian Church. It is described in terms of the tension between keeping the church‟s distinctive identity and performing God‟s command. On the one hand, preachers must enter deeply into Korean culture in order to preach the gospel. On the other hand, the church must be distinguished from the surrounding culture to display its distinctive identity. Chapter 2 depicts contemporary people living in the world in terms of three notions: individualism, the pursuit of happiness, and consumerism. In chapter 3, this researcher describes the coming together of these characteristics and narrative preaching. In the development process of narrative preaching, the core motive is popularity. In the religious market, the main interest of the church has been popular satisfaction. Today‟s sermon has fallen into consumerism through being ruled by the notion of congregational preference. When people come to the church they want to hear the hopeful message from the pulpit. The pulpit has been moralized through ignoring congregations‟ needs, and secularized with a consumer ideology. Preachers should restore the eschatological perspective in order to overcome consumerism and deliver true hope to congregations. In chapter 4, the researcher portrays Christians as resident aliens on a journey through the world, and their gathering as a colony helping pilgrims to complete their journey. This world is not home to Christians who are living as resident aliens. Christians are those who are journeying toward the Promised Land. Their gathering as a colony has covenantal, communal, and alternative characteristics. To Christians as resident aliens living in this world, hope is to proclaim that God is ruling this world and Jesus will come again with the Promised Land. Therefore, in chapter 5, the researcher suggests to the Korean Presbyterian preachers that prophetic preaching is the best way to deal with the tension between “the already and not yet” of the kingdom of God. Prophetic preaching has simultaneously both prophetic and pastoral functions. Preachers cannot be prophetic without fulfilling their pastoral function, and vice versa. Because of this, the prophetic voice is the language of hope, and also the language of compassion. Prophetic preachers offer hope to people in despair, and change the apathetic world through the language of compassion. Therefore, prophetic preaching delivers hope in a paradoxical situation, deals with ethical issues from an eschatological perspective, and heals the church from amnesia through repeatedly and continuously speaking about the covenant and the shared memory and story of the faith community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing begin met die besorgdheid van die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk rakende die spanning tussen die houdings van bevestiging en verwerping jeens die wêreld. Die spanning tussen hierdie twee verskillende houdings teenoor die wêreld is ook sigbaar binne die homiletiese situasie. Die bevestigende houding sekulariseer die boodskap van die Evangelie deur te fokus op “positiewe denke” en “moontlikheidsdenke”. Hierteenoor maak die houding wat sekulêre idees verwerp, morele onderrig of maatskaplike hervorming die primêre fokus van die boodskap. Gemeentelede wat die boodskap aanhoor is egter nie net in die kerk, maar ook deel van die sekulêre samelewing. Christene benodig ʼn gebalanseerde perspektief op die wêreld in die opsig dat die ontkenning van die wêreld, die ontkenning van die rede vir hul bestaan is, en die bevestigende houding jeens die wêreld die verloor van hul eiesoortige identiteit veronderstel. In hoofstuk 1 word die probleme wat die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk in die gesig staar bespreek. Dit word beskryf in terme van die spanning tussen die behoud van die kerk se eiesoortige identiteit en die uitvoer van God se opdrag. Aan die een kant moet predikers diep in die Koreaanse kultuur indring om die evangelie te verkondig. Aan die ander kant moet die kerk van die omringende kultuur onderskei word ten einde sy eiesoortige identiteit te vertoon. Hoofstuk 2 stel kontemporêre mense wat in die wêreld leef in terme van deur drie fases voor: individualisme, die nastrewing van geluk, en verbruikersgesindheid. In hoofstuk 3 beskryf die navorser die verband tussen hierdie eienskappe en narratiewe prediking. In die ontwikkelingsproses van narratiewe prediking is gewildheid die kern-motief. Vanuit ʼn godsdienstige perspektief was populêre tevredenheid vir die kerk van wesenlike belang. Vandag neig prediking tot ʼn verbruikersgesindheid wat deur die idee van gemeentelike voorkeur oorheers word. Wanneer mense kerk toe kom wil hulle die boodskap van hoop vanaf die kansel hoor. Prediking word egter ʼn morele les, en met ʼn verbruikersideologie gesekulariseer omdat gemeentes se behoeftes geïgnoreer word. Predikers moet die eskatologiese perspektief herstel ten einde die verbruikersgesindheid te oorkom en ware hoop aan gemeentes te verkondig. In hoofstuk 4 word Christene as vreemdelinge op reis deur die wêreld beskryf, en hul samekoms as ʼn kolonie wat pelgrims help om hul reis te voltooi. Hierdie wêreld is nie Christene, wat as vreemdelinge woon, se huis nie. Christene is mense wat op reis is na die Beloofde Land. Hulle vergader as ʼn kommunale en alternatiewe kolonie wat binne ʼn verbond bestaan. Vir Christene, wat as vreemdelinge in die wêreld leef, is hoop die verkondinging van God se heerskappy in die wêreld, en Jesus se wederkoms met die Beloofde Land. Derhalwe het die navorser in hoofstuk 5 voorgestel dat Koreaans Presbiteriaanse predikers op profetiese prediking moet fokus om die spanning tussen “die alreeds en die nog nie” van die koninkryk van God te hanteer. Profetiese prediking het gelyktydig beide profetiese en pastorale funksies. Predikers kan nie profetiese wees sonder om „n pastorale rol te vervul nie, en omgekeerd. As gevolg hiervan is die profetiese stem die taal van hoop en medelye. Profetiese predikers bied hoop aan mense in wanhoop, en verander die apatiese wêreld deur die taal van medelye. Profetiese prediking bring daarom hoop in ʼn paradoksale situasie, fokus op etiese kwessies vanuit ʼn eskatologiese perspektief, en genees die kerk van geheueverlies deur herhaaldelik en aanhoudend die verbond, en die gedeelde herinneringe en storie van die geloofsgemeenskap te beklemtoon.

Applied research project (D. Min.)--School of Theology and Missions, Oral Roberts University, 2008.
Includes abstract and vita. Translated from Korean. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 194-200).

Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation deals with the relationship between the problems of the Korean Presbyterian Church and the identity of the Korean Presbyterian preachers. The study offers guidelines for the future by analyzing and evaluating the Korean Presbyterian Church context related to the Korean history according to Thomas Long.s guidelines. Chapter 1 is a statement of the problems faced by the Korean Presbyterian Church such as the blessing of success rather than the blessing of suffering, false success and a distortion of the preacher.s identity, the idolization of the preacher, secularization during the period of economic growth, and the inheritance of authority, fame, and status. Through an analysis and evaluation of these aspects, we are able to suggest guidelines for the future. Chapter 2 is the analysis of the Korean context, which shows us that many foreign missionaries dedicated themselves to the Korean people, led the Korean Presbyterian preachers to hold a herald image though theological, social, political, economical, and cultural factors made the Korean Presbyterian preachers choose between three positions, viz. conservative, progressive, and centralist. In addition, this chapter shows that the difference of theological, political, and social opinion, localism, and the problem of WCC joining, and so forth positioned Hyung-Nong Park (1897-1978), Jae-Jun Kim (1901-1987), Sang-Dong Han (1901-1976), and Kyung-Chik Han (1902-2000) at the centre of the split of the Korean Presbyterian Church. Chapter 3 is the homiletical evaluation of the identity of four Korean Presbyterian preachers according to Thomas Long.s guidelines. This evaluation shows that Hyung-Nong Park and Sang-Dong Han had a herald image, Jae-Jun Kim a pastoral and storytelling image, and Kyung-Chik Han a witness image as regards their respective lives and theological views. Chapter 4 analyzes and evaluates the identity of contemporary Korean Presbyterian preachers based on 145 Korean Presbyterian preachers. question sheets according to Thomas Long.s guidelines. In addition, the chapter shows that these preachers have a positive idea concerning the relationship between God, the preacher, the Bible, and the congregation and are trying to maintain the merits of the four metaphors. Chapter 5 offers guidelines for the future, which suggests the role of the Holy Spirit and prayer as an alternative to overcome the Korean Presbyterian Church.s problems such as an identity distortion, idolization, and secularization of the preacher based on a relationship between God, the preacher, the Bible, and the congregation. The Holy Spirit is the greatest Preacher, the co-worker with the preacher and vindicator of the preacher.s authority. Prayer invigorates, strengthens and energizes the preacher. In conclusion, this chapter suggests the acceptance of ¡°the unity of diversity¡±, preachers. sincere, faithful, and devotional life, and the restoration of the power of God.s Word, prayer, and the Holy Spirit as guidelines for the future.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif handel oor die verhouding tussen die probleme van die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk en die identiteit van die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse predikers. In die lig van Thomas Long se riglyne, verskaf die studie leidrade vir die toekoms deur middel van . analise en evaluasie van die konteks van die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk in verband met die geskiedenis van Korea. Hoofstuk 1 vermeld die probleme wat die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk in die gesig staar soos die seen van sukses eerder as die seen van lyding, valse sukses en . verdraaiing van die prediker se identiteit, die verafgoding van die prediker, sekularisasie gedurende die periode van ekonomiese groei en die vererwing van mag, roem en status. Deur middel van . analise en evaluasie is dit vir ons moontlik om riglyne vir die toekoms aan te bied. Hoofstuk 2 is . analise van die Koreaanse konteks waardeur aangetoon word dat baie buitelandse sendelinge hulself aan die mense van Korea gewy het, die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse predikers gelei het om aan . boodskapper beeld vas te hou alhoewel teologiese, sosiale, politiese, ekonomiese en kulturele faktore die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse predikers laat kies het tussen die konserwatiewe, progressiewe en sentralistiese posisies. Daarbenewens toon die hoofstuk aan dat die verskil in teologiese, politieke en sosiale mening, lokalisme en die probleem van die WCC aansluiting en so meer, Hyung-Nong Park (1897-1978), Jae-Jun Kim (1901-1987), Sang-Dong Han (1901-1976), en Kyung-Chik Han (1902-2000) in die middel van die Koreaanse Presbiteraanse Kerk skeuring geplaas het. Hoofstuk 3 is . homiletiese evaluasie van die identiteit van vier Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse predikers volgens die riglyne van Thomas Long. Hierdie evaluasie toon aan dat, in terme van hulle onderskeie lewens en teologiese opvattings, die beeld van boodskapper op Hyung-Nong Park en Sang-Dong Han van toepassing was, die beeld van herder op Jae-Jun Kim en beeld van getuie op Kyung-Chik Han betrekking gehad het. Hoofstuk 4 analiseer en evalueer die identeit van hedendaagse Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse predikers gebasseer op 145 Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse prediker vraelyste op grond van Thomas Long se riglyne. Daarbenewens toon die hoofstuk aan dat hierdie predikers . positiewe seining het rakende die verhouding tussen God, die prediker, die Bybel en die gemeente en poog om dit wat wesentlik is aan die vier metafore te behou. Hoofstuk 5 bied riglyne vir die toekoms aan wat die rol van die Heilige Gees en gebed as alternatiewe voorstel om die probleme van Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk soos identiteitsverdraaiing, verafgoding en sekularisasie van die prediker, in die lig van die verhouding tussen God, die prediker, die Bybel en die gemeente, die hoof te bied. Die Heilige Gees is die grootste Prediker, die medewerker van die prediker en verdediger van die prediker se gesag. Ter afsluiting stel hierdie hoofstuk die aanvaarding van geenheid in verskeidenheid h, predikers se opregte, getroue en toegewyde lewens en die herstel van die krag van God se Woord, gebed en die Heilige Gees as riglyne vir die toekoms voor.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Korean society has experienced more severe changes in the last 50 years than in the last 500 years. The pulpit has also faced the challenges created by the socio-cultural revolution following the collapse of Korean traditional values, while authoritative and hierarchical cultures are rapidly changing as a result of westernization and political transformation. This situation has led to an acute crisis in the relationship between the hearer and the preacher in Korean services, where the Korean Presbyterian preachers still pursue an authoritarian style of preaching based on hierarchical, logical or proposition-centred preaching and argumentcentred preaching. Since the 1990s Korean Presbyterian homileticians have accepted narrative preaching as an alternative to the traditional manner. However, this narrative preaching aggravates the problematic relationship - extending the gap, falling into theological relationalism, and neglecting the identity of Jesus Christ - between the preacher and the hearer. The preaching should propose the face-to-face relationship, a participatory role in the preaching process, and interactive persuasion. In order to overcome both authoritarianism and subjectivism in the authority of preaching, this research studies the theology and homiletics of three homileticians, namely Rose, McClure and Campbell, who propose the functional community as an alternative, suggesting face-to-face relationships, fostering the congregation to participate in the whole process of preaching, and support to interpret the truth being the task of the whole community. Afterward, preaching is defined to explore the blending of the four elements (God, Bible, preacher and audience) to create a living voice, so that the four elements of preaching are reassessed and re-interpreted in terms of the “Spirit-guided community authority” in the Korean Presbyterian homiletics. Hence, Korean Presbyterian preaching, lastly, needs to consider the purpose of the preaching as “building up the functional community” homiletically, applying the doctrine of the priesthood of all believers into homiletics theologically, turning from rhetoric to theo-rhetoric, and exercising the way of power that Jesus Christ practised.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Koreaanse samelewing het in die afgelope 50 jaar deur meer drastiese veranderinge gegaan as in die afgelope 500 jaar. Die preekstoel is ook uitgedaag deur die sosio-kulturele revolusie wat deur die ineenstorting van Koreaanse tradisionele waardes veroorsaak is, terwyl outoritêre en hiërargiese kulture vinnig verander vanwëe verwestering en politieke transformasie. Hierdie omstandighede het ‘n ernstige krisis veroorsaak in die verhouding tussen die luisteraar en die prediker in Koreaanse dienste, waar predikers steeds ‘n outoritêre preekstyl handhaaf wat op ‘n hiërargiese, logiese of proposisie-gesentreerde prediking gebaseer word en argument-gesentreerde prediking. In hierdie sin het Koreaanse homiletici narratiewe prediking sedert die 1990s aanvaar as ‘n alternatief tot die tradisionele manier. Dit vererger egter die problematiese verhouding – verleng die gaping, verval in teologiese relasionalisme en verwaarloos die identiteit van Jesus Christus – tussen die prediker en die luisteraar. Die prediking behoort ‘n aangesig-totaangesig verhouding, ‘n deelnemende rol in die predikingsproses en interaktiewe oorreding voor te stel. Om beide outoritarisme en subjektivisme in die outoriteit van prediking te oorkom, bestudeer hierdie navorsing die teologie en homilitiek van drie homiletici, naamlik Rose, McClure en Campbell,wat die outoriteit op die funksionele gemeenskap as ‘n alternatief plaas. Hulle stel voor aangesig-tot-aangesig verhoudings, die bevordering van die gemeenskap om in die hele proses van prediking deel te neem, en ondersteuning om die waarheid te interpreteer as die taak van die hele gemeenskap. Hierna word prediking gedefinieer deur die vermenging van die vier elemente (God, Bybel, prediker en gehoor) te ondersoek om ‘n lewende stem te skep, sodat die vier elemente van prediking herbesin en herinterpreteer word in terme van die “Gees-geleide gemeenskapsoutoriteit” in Koreaanse homiletiek. Dus behoort Koreaanse prediking laastens die doel van die prediking homileties te heroorweeg as die “opbou van die funksionele gemeenskap”, die leer van die priesterdom van alle gelowiges teologies toegepas in homiletiek, van retoriek te verander na teo-retoriek en

Scripture is the story of brokenness and healing, as it describes the brokenness of the relationship between God and humanity, and then points us to the means of reconciliation in Jesus. God has committed to the church a “message of reconciliation” and yet the church is itself often a place of broken relationships and conflict. My goal is to offer a means by which preachers can take a pro-active approach to healing damaged relationships by creating stronger bonds between pastor and people, restoring broken relationships between congregational members and confronting the underlying causes of conflict and factionalism within congregations.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation deals with the appropriation of John S. McClure’s homiletics in view of the Korean context today. This study is to rediscover the role of the congregation, inclusive of the Presbyters, in preaching. John S. McClure’s homiletics is however far removed from the traditional Korean style of preaching. One of the aims of the study was to elaborate on this tension between the two types of homiletics. Traditionally, congregations in the Korean context listen to the sermon from the pulpit in a manner that could be described as mostly passive. Today’s ministers, in the Korean Confucian culture, have misunderstood the congregation as a preacher-centered system. The Preacher's cognition of the audience is that the laity should obey the authority of the preacher, who is an authoritative conveyor of the Word of God. The contention of this thesis is that, if preachers want to have a more direct approach to their audiences, they should have to do research on their congregations as participants in homiletics. This is the reason for the need to have a “conversational homiletics”. Therefore, the preacher needs to know the congregation’s life and their situation. From this perspective, John S. McClure’s homiletics means that the preacher, together with the listeners, should work in collaboration with each other. McClure aims to include the congregation in the sermon; the preacher as well as the hearers participates in the quest for Scripture interpretation. McClure asserted that sermon preparation as a conversation between preacher and congregation should be practiced specifically in the church community. Preachers of the local churches must be hosts and partners of the congregation. In this study, the question is posed: how can McClure’s homiletics be practiced in the Korean Church? In an effort to answer this question, McClure’s theory of preaching is compared with the Reformed/Presbyterian ecclesiology. The point of departure is that historical traditions need to enter into conversation with new theological trends, born from contextual needs. In this light, the study researched the differences between John McClure’s homiletics and the Ecclesiology of the traditional Reformed/Presbyterian Church, by means of a comparative study. On the one hand, it is accepted that the congregation is formed by their cultural traditions, memories, emotions and unique circumstances, while the congregational narrative is furthermore based on the general understanding of sermons by the sermon audiences. On the other hand it is also accepted that the Reformed/Presbyterian tradition has an inherent dialogical nature, also reflected in its historical creeds and catechisms that needs to be re-appropriated. Finally, some guidelines, fences, and boundaries of the collaborative style of preaching are pointed out, with the knowledge that a collaborative sermon will also only be possible through the work of the Holy Spirit. It is the contention of the researcher that the Reformed Church in Korea should respond to the issues raised by McClure’s homiletics. Rapid changes in the Korean society, together with the still prevailing authoritarian and hierarchical structure of the church, and non-communicative preaching might result in a growing distance between the preacher and the contemporary congregation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif handel oor die aanwending van John S. McClure se homiletiek in die lig van die Koreaanse konteks van vandag. Die mikpunt was om die rol van die gemeente, insluitende die ouderlinge, in die prediking te herontdek. John S. McClure se homiletiek is egter baie ver verwyderd van die tradisionele Koreaanse styl van prediking. Een van die doelwitte van die studie was om uit te brei op hierdie spanning tussen die twee tipes Homiletiek. Die prediker moet die gemeente se lewe en situasies leer ken. Vanuit hierdie perspektief gesien, beteken McClure se homiletiek dat die prediker, tesame met die luisteraars, in kollaborasie moet saamwerk. McClure het ten doel om die gemeente in die preek in te sluit; die prediker sowel as die hoorders neem deel in die soeke na die interpretasie van die Skrif. McClure is oortuig daarvan dat preek-voorbereiding as 'n gesprek tussen prediker en gemeente spesifiek in die gemeenskap van die kerk beoefen moet word. Predikers van die plaaslike kerke moet daarom gashere en vennote van die gemeente wees. Die basiese vraag in hierdie studie was: hoe kan McClure se homiletiek in die Koreaanse Kerk aangewend en beoefen word? In 'n poging om hierdie vraag te beantwoord, is McClure se teorie van die prediking in vergelyking met die Gereformeerde/Presbiteriaanse ekklesiologie beskou. Die uitgangspunt was dat die historiese tradisies in gesprek moet tree met nuwe teologiese tendense, gebore uit kontekstuele behoeftes. In die lig hiervan het die studie die verskille tussen John McClure se homiletiek en die Ekklesiologie van die tradisionele Gereformeerde/Presbiteriaanse Kerk deur middel van 'n vergelykende studie nagevors. Aan die een kant word aanvaar dat die gemeente gevorm word deur hul kulturele tradisies, herinneringe, emosies en unieke omstandighede, terwyl die gemeentelike verhaal verder gebaseer word op die algemene begrip van preke wat deur gemeentes gehoor word. Aan die ander kant is dit ook aanvaar dat die Gereformeerde/Presbiteriaanse tradisie 'n inherente dialogiese aard het, soos ook weerspieel in sy historiese belydenisskrifte en kategismusse – ‘n dialogise aard wat herbesoek behoort te word. Ten slotte is 'n paar riglyne en grense van die kollaboratiewe styl van prediking uitgewys, met die wete dat sodanige prediking ook slegs moontlik is deur die werk van die Heilige Gees. Dit is die oortuiging van die navorser dat die Gereformeerde Kerk in Suid-Korea op die kwessies wat deur McClure se homiletiek na vore geroep word, moet reageer. Vinnige veranderinge in die Koreaanse samelewing, saam met die steeds heersende outoritere en hiërargiese struktuur van die kerk, asook nie- kommunikatiewe prediking kan lei tot 'n groeiende afstand tussen die prediker en die kontemporere gemeente.

Applied research project (D. Min.)--School of Theology and Missions, Oral Roberts University, 2008.
Includes abstract and vita. Translated from Korean. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-154).

Thesis (MTh (Practical Theology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to encourage the renewal of Korean preacher‘s piety and spirituality within the Reformed tradition. Although a large number of studies have been carried out on Christian prayer, little is known about the connection between prayer and preaching in Reformed theology. In the Korean context, most preachers have been trained in the Pentecostal tradition. Therefore, the Reformed churches Korea have requested that instructions on prayer from notable theologians in history be introduced to preachers to help restore spiritual balance to the biblical preaching of Korean Reformed ministers. Reformed preachers should not follow the secular mind and worldly academic style; therefore, the study is concerned with recovering the biblical spirituality of the preacher and the congregation in Korean Christianity. It is argued that the Korean church needs to strive to rediscover and recover the Reformed church‘s long tradition of communication and prayer. The revival in the Korean church was not a Reformed theological revival because it was characterized by the Pentecostal movement and for a long time the Korean church has had a concept of traditional religious spirituality. For true revival to take place in the Reformed Church in Korea, the church needs to forge a new agenda that is rooted in and that emphasizes biblical prayer. To accomplish the aforementioned goal, it is suggested that the prayers of Jesus and an exposition of the Lord‘s Prayer in the Reformed theological traditions be given greater attention. Jesus emphasized the importance of the Lord's Prayer to his disciples and it stands as the capstone of Jesus' prayer life, which he shared with us. Accordingly, a preacher must pray enthusiastically and communicate with God continually. The spirituality of both the preacher and the congregation is crucial in modern churches. Therefore, our spiritual foundation must be organized on biblical, historical, theological research in a way that would encourage not only the preachers but also the congregation members to be enthusiastic in prayer before God. Today‘s theological discourse should be able to engage with classical (Reformed theological) literature or instructions on prayer, and the present investigation is an attempt to look back to those classical instructions as a most meaningful starting point to overcome the spiritual difficulties in Korean churches.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie tesis is om hernuwing van Koreaanse predikers se godsdienstigheid en spiritualiteit binne die Gereformeerde tradisie aan te moedig. Hoewel vele studies reeds onderneem is oor Christelike gebed, bly kennis oor die konneksie tussen gebed en prediking binne die Gereformeerde teologie, gebrekkig. In die Koreaanse konteks is die meeste predikers opgelei in die Pinkster-tradisie. Daarom het die Gereformeerde kerke in Korea 'n pleidooi gelewer dat opleiding in gebed deur gerekende teoloë, toegevoeg word in hul opleiding, om predikers te help om 'n geestelike balans te handhaaf in hul bybelse prediking. Gereformeerde predikers behoort nie die sekulêre gedagtegang en wêreldse akademiese styl aan te hang nie; hierdie studie is gemoeid met die herwinning van bybelse spiritualiteit van die prediker en die gemeente in die Koreaanse Christendom. Daar word geargumenteer dat die Koreaanse kerk moet streef om die Gereformeerde kerk se lang tradisie van kommunikasie en gebed te herontdek en herwin. Die oplewing in die Koreaanse kerk was nie 'n Gereformeerde teologiese oplewing nie maar is gekenmerk deur die Pinkster-beweging, wat vir 'n lang tyd die Koreaanse kerk se opvatting omtrent tradisionele religieuse spiritualiteit onderlê het. Die kerk benodig 'n nuwe agenda, gewortel in bybelse gebed vir ware herlewing om plaas te vind in die Gereformeerde kerk in Korea. Om hierdie doel te bereik, word dit voorgestel dat die gebede van Jesus en 'n uiteensetting van die Ons Vader-gebed in die Gereformeerde teologiese tradisies dieper bestudeer word. Jesus het die belang van die Ons Vader-gebed beklemtoon teenoor sy dissipels, en dit verteenwoordig 'n hoeksteen van sy gebedslewe, wat ook ons nalatenskap is. Vervolgens moet 'n prediker geesdriftig kan bid en voortdurend in kommunie kan tree met God. Die spiritualiteit van beide die prediker en die gemeente staan sentraal binne moderne kerke. Daarom moet ons spirituele fondasie onderleg word deur bybelse, historiese, teologiese navorsing op 'n manier wat beide predikers en gemeentes sal lei tot geesdriftige gebed teenoor God. Hedendaagse teologiese diskoerse moet in gesprek tree met klassieke (Gereformeerde teologiese) literatuur of gebedsopleiding, en die huidige studie bied 'n poging om terugskouend te besin oor die klassieke opleiding, as die mees beduidende vertrekpunt om spirituele vraagstukke in Koreaanse kerke op te los.

This thesis explores the delegitimation concept in an electoral authoritarian context by studying how religious institutions seek to delegitimise the autocratic tendencies of the government. The thesis conducts a case study of the main religious institutions in Zambia, where the response to the authoritarian practices by the government is analysed and reviewed through a qualitative textual analysis. Newspaper articles and written statements by the churches are the central material for the study. The results of the analysis show that during the period of 2016-2020, the main religious institutions have been highly critical of the actions by the government and openly criticised them through public progressive statements as well as rejected to join activities that were hosted or organised by the government. However, the results also show that the response has been divided among the otherwise unified religious actors, where some churches have been less bold in their criticism and rejection of the government. While still regarded as a strong response to authoritarian practices, this split in response does denote that the main religious institutions’ efforts to delegitimise the government is in some sense weakened.

Thesis (DTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2002
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The presence of God in preaching is one of the most important Reformed homiletical themes. However, contemporary homiletics and preaching ministry do not pay due attention to this theme. More specifically speaking, contemporary Korean preaching also asks for a more comprehensive homiletical foundation for the homiletically appropriate witness of the divine presence in preaching. Based upon Dingeman's practical theological methodology, this study thus aims to describe and examine the practical realities of the witness of the divine presence in contemporary Korean preaching, and to make further some comprehensive normative and strategic suggestions on this homiletical theme. In chapter 1, in order to prepare to analyze and explain the practical reality of the witness of the divine presence in Korean preaching, we constructed an appropriate sermon analysis frame that consists of the following three components: analysis norms (God, the preacher, the Scriptures, and the audience), analysis targets (the five representative Korean preachers and their sermons - Yune-Sun Park, Yong-Gi Cho, Sun-Hee Kwak, Han-Hum Oak, and Dong-Won Lee), and analysis variables (the religio-sociological background of the Korean corporate personality in relation to the four indigenous Korean religions - Shamanism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Neo-Confucianism). Based upon this analytical frame, from chapter two till six, this study analyzed in detail five sermons of representative Korean preachers with the guidance of the analytical questions: Yune-Sun Park (ch. 2), Yong-Gi Cho (ch. 3), Sun-Hee Kwak (ch. 4), Han-Hum Oak (ch. 5), and Dong-Won Lee (ch. 6), and observed several homiletical aspects of the witness of the divine presence in contemporary Korean preaching. Through this detailed analysis of the five representative Korean preachers' sermons, we noted the fact that God-images implemented by the preacher cannot help being confined by the specific pastoral interests or theological emphasis that the preacher has in mind, as raised from the existential experience of the preacher, the theological emphasis, or pastoral context. However, without an appropriate consideration of the four components of preaching, the witness of the divine presence cannot achieve the desirable sermonic results. With this homiletical necessity in mind, we discussed the normative foundation of the witness of the divine presence in relation to the four components of preaching: God (ch. 8), the Scriptures (ch. 9), the preacher (ch. 10), and the audience (ch. 11). After establishing a normative understanding of how each component is to be involved in the witness of the divine presence, we have also made several strategic suggestions in relation to Korean preaching. In chapter 8, based upon the pneumatological dimension of preaching, we confirmed that the witness of the divine presence should be rendered in a linguistic and ecclesial frame, and suggested that God-images should be used based upon Christian narrative that brings about a linguistic and ecclesial collision between the identity narrative of the Christian community and the individual's narrative in preaching. In chapter 9, in connection with the question of how the voice of the Bible can be involved in the witness of the divine presence, we discussed the sacramental character of the Bible to mediate the divine presence to the Christian reader, and suggested that the reading of the Bible should make the transformative encounter with God happen to the reader. In chapter 10, we examined the question of how the voice of the preacher can be harmoniously involved in the witness of the divine presence, and paid attention to the three factors which the preacher is aware of in preaching: God (spirituality), the audience (integrity), and self (subjectivity and conviction). In chapter 11, we tackled the question of how the audience can be involved in the witness of the divine presence. Here we firstly defined the audience in relation to the other three components of preaching: in relation to God (theological, pneumatological, and eschatological being), to the Bible (hermeneutical being), and the preacher (communicative being). In addition to these definitions, we also defined the audience according to the reception axis of the Word: as an individual being (human heart and paradigmatic imagination), ecclesial and communal being (the divine presence through the pastoral ministry), and as one who is engaged in the world (socio-political responsibility to reflect the divine presence to the world). Based upon these definitions, we further suggested an appropriate communicative strategy for the witness of the divine presence, which consists of the image of God who is present in suffering, the communicative frame of the poor in spirit, and the four linguistic dimensions of confessional, evocative, hermeneutic, and imaginative witness. Through these normative and strategic suggestions, we confirmed and suggested that the witness of the divine presence should involve comprehensively all four components of preaching: God, the Scripture, the preacher, and the audience so as to sound like a sermonic symphony in which all four voices harmoniously take part in the witness of the divine presence, while retaining their own homiletical value.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die teenwoordigheid van God in die prediking is 'n belangrike Refonnatoriese tema. Hedendaagse homiletiek skenk egter nie genoeg aandag daaraan nie. Veral eietydse Koreaanse prediking kort 'n meer omvangryke homiletiese basis vir hierdie aangeleentheid. Hierdie studie is gebaseer op Dingeman se praktiese teologiese metodologie en dit beoog om die praktiese realiteite van die prediking van die goddelike teenwoordigheid in Koreaanse prediking te ondersoek en te beskryf en om verdere omvattende nonnatiewe en strategiese voorstelle ten opsigte van hierdie homiletiese tema te maak. In hoofstuk 1 ontwerp ons 'n toepaslike raamwerk vir preekanalise wat bestaan uit die volgende drie komponente: nonne vir analise (God, die prediker, die Skrif en die gehoor); teikens vir analise (vyf verteenwoordigende Koreaanse predikers en hulle preke - Yune-Sun Park, Yong-Gi Cho, Sun-Hee Kwak, Han-Hum Oak en Dong-Won Lee); en die analitiese veranderlikes (die godsdienstig-sosiologiese agtergrond van die Koreaanse samelewing met betrekking tot die vier inheemse Koreaanse godsdienste (Shamanisme, Taoisme, Buddhisme en Neo-Confucianisme). Gebaseer op hierdie analitiese raamwerk, analiseer hierdie studie vanaf Hoofstuk 2 tot 6 in besonderhede vyf preke van verteenwoordigende predikers na gelang van bepaalde analitiese vrae: Yune-Sun Park (Hf. 2), Yong-Gi Cho (Hf. 3), Sun-Hee Kwak (Hf. 4), Han-Hum Oak (Hf. 5) en Dong-Won Lee (Hf. 6), en let ons op sekere homiletiese aspekte van die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid in Koreaanse prediking. Deur middel van hierdie gedetaileerde analise merk ons dat die voorstellings van God soos getuig deur hierdie predikers beinvloed word deur spesifieke pastorale belange en teologiese beklemtoninge van die prediker self of deur die pastorale konteks. In die daaropvolgende hoofstukke bespreek ons die nonnatiewe onderbou vir die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid: God (Hf. 8), die Skrif (Hf. 9), die prediker (Hf. 10), en die gehoor (Hf. 11). Nadat die rol van elkeen van hierdie komponente bespreek is, maak ons strategiese voorstelle i.v.m Koreaanse prediking. In Hf. 8, gebaseer op die pneumatologiese dimensie van prediking, bevestig ons dat die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid plaasvind in 'n linguistiese en ekklesiologiese raamwerk, en suggereer ons dat voorstellings van God voortspruit uit die Christelike narratief. In Hf. 9 bespreek ons hoe die stem van die Bybel betrokke kan wees in die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid, Ons wys veral op die sakramentele karakter van die Bybel as bemiddelaar tussen die goddelike teenwoordigheid en die Christelike leser. In Hf. 10 gaan ons in op die vraag hoe die stem van die prediker betrokke kan wees in die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid en gee ons aandag aan drie aspekte waarvan die prediker bewus moet wees: die relasie tot God (spiritualiteit), die gehoor (integriteit), en die self (subjektiwiteit en oortuiging). In Hf. 11 bespreek ons die vraag hoe die gehoor (gemeente) betrokke kan wees in die getuienis van die goddelike aanwesigheid. Eers beskou ons die gehoor in sy betrokkenheid by die ander drie komponente: sy verhouding tot God (teologiese, pneumatologiese en eskatologiese wese), tot die Bybel (hermeneutiese komponent) en tot die prediker (kommunikatiewe komponent). Ter aanvulling van hierdie beskouinge definieer ons die gehoor as die ontvanger van die Woord, en weI as: 'n individuele wese (mens like hart en paradigmatiese verbeelding), kerklike en gemeentelike wese (die goddelike teenwoordigheid d.m.v. die pastorale bediening), en as mense wat betrokke is by die wereld (wat sosio-politieke verantwoordelikheid het om die goddelike teenwoordigheid in die wereld weer te gee). Gebaseer op hierdie definisies het ons 'n toepaslike kommunikatiewe strategie vir die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid voorgestel, bestaande uit 'n voorstelling van God wat teenwoordig is by lyding, die kommunikatiewe raamwerk van die armes in gees, en die vier linguistiese dimensies van die belydende, evokatiewe, hermeneutiese en verbeeldingryke getuienis. Met hierdie normatiewe en strategiese voorstelle bevestig ons dat die getuienis van die goddelike teenwoordigheid al vier die komponente van prediking behoort in te sluit: God, die Skrif, die prediker en die gehoor, ten einde 'n homiletiese simfonie te orkestreer.

This thesis discloses research on the topic of second generation Korean American preaching based on fieldwork conducted with Korean American pastors and second generation young adult respondents in three geographic regions of the United States (Midwest, West Coast, and East Coast). I employ social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius’ theory of possible selves as my primary conceptual framework to facilitate the process of congregational exegesis in the second generation Korean American church context. The research methods employed in this study include questionnaires and semi-structured qualitative interviews. Four research questions guide this study: (1) what are the possible selves of second generation Korean American congregants; (2) what is the present status of the preaching ministry within participating second generation Korean American congregations; (3) what homiletical strategies are Korean American preachers currently implementing to assess their second generation Korean American audiences during sermon preparation; and (4) what can Korean American preachers learn from the social psychological construct of possible selves as they explore the lives of their second generation hearers? This research identifies three findings: (1) second generation Korean American congregations are presently undergoing a period of cultural transition and change as non-established and marginalized ethno-religious communities; (2) second generation Korean Americans’ possible selves typify cultural anthropologist Gerald Arbuckle’s descriptors of “cultural chaos” and “liminality” which require naming and analysis from Korean American preachers; and (3) the Korean American ethnic and cultural context requires further examination by Korean American preachers within these second generation Korean American congregations. Accordingly, this study seeks to offer a new contextual homiletic model that enables Korean American preachers to engage in deeper levels of ethnic and cultural analysis in their sermonic preparation and simultaneously reconstructs conventional preaching roles of Korean American preachers and second generation listeners so that they may co-creatively imagine new possible selves that radically advance Christian mission and practice in the world.

The Christian faith in God is undergirded by the good news of God's intervention in human life. This intervention of God is good news because the sin of humankind has resulted in alienation with God as well as rendering humankind incapable of restoring fellowship with God. This good news of God's intervention in human affairs through the act of His son Jesus Christ is the centre of Christian kerygma. One outstanding feature of this proclamation is celebration. Salvation offered and given to ailing humankind is cause for celebration for God has paved the way for reconciliation. In Black preaching this note of celebration is remarkably achieved in the extravagant use of figures of speech and imagery drawn from traditional African religiosity, for the African human life in whatever state and condition is cause for celebration. The African responds to life at all levels of encounter with celebration. In sorrow and joy, in sad moments and moments of delight, in want and in plenty, the voice of the African will always rise up in spontaneous acts of celebration. In normal human conversation the use of the African idiom and allegory drawn from their cultural worldview creates unique style. In the use of these the African past is expressly drawn into the present to emphasize the belief in life as a gift from God, a gift to be acknowledged and celebrated. Therefore living through all sorts and conditions of life sharpens the deep feeling and expression of this celebration. The song, praise and dance for the African therefore flows from this spiritual engagement with God in life. The biblical message and the daily experience of life is for the African preacher a stage from which the human drama with God is understood. The nature of God is seen in relation to God's encounter with sinful humankind. God's mercy and grace inspires humans to live their life in confident trust in God. The vicissitudes of life for the African have no dampening effect for life rather they sharpen the awareness of God's surpassing mercy and sustaining steadfastness upon his creatures. Thus in similar vein with the African moroki, the Black preacher calls and inspires his/her audience to celebrate, to engage with life in perfect African celebration.

Tesis (MTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research has started because of a concern that the Korean Presbyterian Church is not utilizing the lectionary. Very few Korean Presbyterian churches follow the lectionary and this situation fosters many problems in their preaching and worship. However, the lectionary can remedy them. Firstly, many Korean Presbyterian preachers do not have a long-term plan for preaching and choose a sermon text week by week. Consequently, they are pressed for the time to preach and this easily leads them to do topical preaching. One of the weaknesses of topical preaching is that a preacher might approach a text with a preconceived topic or theme and use the text as a pretext. This is contrary to the principle of biblical preaching. However, the lectionary assures the biblical mentality because it prevents preachers from imposing their preoccupied ideas onto a text. The lectionary makes them consider and listen to the text first. Secondly, the texts for preaching are confined by the preacher’s preference. The arbitrary choice of the texts narrows the scope of the sermon texts. However, the lectionary expands the range of the texts for preaching because it covers most books of the Bible. Thirdly, worship in the Korean Presbyterian churches lacks coherency among its parts. Due to lack of a long-term plan of preaching, various parts of worship do not harmonize with one another. However, the lectionary offers a long-term plan for preaching, and it enables the parts of worship to be prepared to have the same voice. Fourthly, the Korean Presbyterian ministers have to preach a lot. Therefore, practical helps such as lectionary commentaries or worship guides can be of assistance to them. Fifthly, worship in the Korean Presbyterian churches is highly sermon-biased, that is, preaching has precedence over worship. However, the lectionary preconceives the context of worship and puts preaching within this context. Furthermore, the lectionary restores the balance between the Word and the Eucharist. It is designed for experiencing the paschal mystery that is the core of Sunday worship. Sixthly, the Korean Presbyterian churches are failing to appreciate the church year’s theological and educational value. The church year they observe is fragmentary. However, the lectionary is founded on the traditional church year, which has a Christological focus. It enables us to celebrate the life and works of Jesus through the year, and instills faith and hope in people’s mind. Lastly, the individualism of the Korean churches is another problem. These churches are plagued by an internal division and competition. It appears as if they are not concerned about the unity of the church as the body of Christ. However, the ecumenical feature of the Revised Common Lectionary inspires them to have a community mind. It reminds them of the unity of the church. Of course, the lectionary is not a perfect plan. It has some limitations as well as the strengths. Nevertheless, the lectionary is surely a useful instrument that would improve the worship and preaching in the Korean Presbyterian Church.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing het voortgespruit uit ʼn besorgdheid oor die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk se aanwending van die Leesrooster. Die feit dat bitter min Koreaanse Presbiteraanse Kerke die Leesrooster volg, gee aanleiding tot verskeie probleme in hulle prediking en aanbidding. Nietemin kan die Leesrooster hierdie probleem regstel. Eerstens beskik baie Koreaanse Presbiteraanse predikers nie oor ʼn langtermyn plan vir prediking nie en word ʼn preek op ʼn weeklikse basis gekies. Gevolglik is hulle tyd om te preek beperk en lei dit maklik tot aktuele prediking. Een van die swakpunte van aktuele prediking is die feit dat ʼn prediker ʼn teks met ʼn vooropgesette onderwerp of tema mag benader en die teks as dekmantel mag gebruik. Dit is strydig met die beginsel met bybelse prediking. Die Leesrooster verseker egter die bybelse mentaliteit omdat dit verhoed dat predikers hulle vooropgesette idees op die teks afdwing. Die Leesrooster noop hulle om die teks in ag te neem en daarna te luister. Tweedens beperk die prediker se voorkeur die tekste wat vir prediking gebruik kan word. Die omvang van tekste word begrens deur die willekeurige keuse daarvan. Die Leesrooster kan egter die bestek van tekste vir prediking uitbrei omdat dit die meeste Bybelboeke insluit. Derdens word aanbidding in die Koreaanse Presbiteraanse Kerk gekenmerk deur ʼn gebrek aan samehang tussen die verskillende elemente daarvan. As gevolg van die afwesigheid van ʼn langtermyn plan vir prediking, ontbreek die harmonie tussen die verskillende dele van aanbidding. Die Leesrooster bied egter ʼn langtermyn plan vir prediking en help dat die elemente van aanbidding so voorberei kan word dat hulle dieselfde gewig dra. Vierdens moet Koreaanse Presbiteraanse predikante baie preek. Dus kan hulle baat vind by praktiese hulpmiddels soos kommentare op die Leesrooster of aanbiddingsriglyne. Ten vyfde is aanbidding in Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerke hoogs predikasie gebasseerd, d.w.s. prediking geniet voorkeur bo aanbidding. Die Leesrooster bepaal egter die konteks van aanbidding vooraf en plaas prediking binne hierdie konteks. Voorts herstel die Leesrooster die balans tussen die Woord en die Nagmaal. Dit is ontwerp vir die ervaring van die paas geheimenis as die kern van die erediens op ʼn Sondag. Ten sesde waardeer die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk nie die teologiese en opvoedkundige waarde van die kerkjaar nie. Die kerkjaar wat deur hulle gehandhaaf word is fragmentaries. Die Leesrooster is egter gefundeer op die tradisionele kerkjaar met ʼn christologiese fokus. Dit stel ons instaat om die lewe en handelinge van Jesus die hele jaar deur te vier, en vul mense se gemoed met geloof en hoop. Ten laaste is die individualisme van die Koreaanse Kerke nog ʼn probleem. Hierdie kerke gaan gebuk onder interne verdeeldheid en kompetisie. Dit wil voorkom asof hulle nie besorgd is oor die eenheid van die Kerk as die liggaam van Christus nie. Nietemin inspireer die ekumeniese karakter van die Revised Common Lectionary hulle om ʼn samehorigheidsgevoel te hê. Dit herinner hulle aan die eenheid van die Kerk. Natuurlik is die Leesrooster nie ʼn perfekte plan nie. Dit het sekere beperkinge sowel as sterktepunte. Nogtans is die Leesrooster ongetwyfeld ʼn bruikbare instrument wat aanbidding en prediking in die Koreaanse Presbiteriaanse Kerk kan verbeter.