Academic literature on the topic 'Korporatisme'

ABSTRACTIt is undeniable that most of our modern universities are portraying themselves as factory-like institutions which manufacture useful knowledge. The term “useful knowledge” refers to a type of knowledge which directly has immediate payoff and practically commodifiable. Most modern universities are no longer spotlighted as the generator of new knowledge, the influential bodies in civic life and nation-state, the greatest critics of public policies, but reduced to and figuring as a major agent of economic growth. Posting economic growth as the model for universities is a form of corporatism in higher education level. Art disciplines, as a part of humanities, are inevitably framed by such a model. In which, art is understood as a mere aesthetic commodity and the artist is seen as a mechanical subject to be manipulated by profit motifs. This view has been well prevailing, but it is not incontestable. This paper is written as an attempt to critically respond towards such prevailing corporatist view. To do that, the author borrows some philosophical perspectives from an American philosopher, Martha C. Nussbaum (1947–now). Her philosophical accounts on art, imagination, and compassion as a form of distinctive moral emotion are considerably an adversary to the current perspective of art education which has been colonized by corporatism. From her perspective, more than just a mere commodity, art has a significant role in upholding democracy. Art has the power to nurture compassion, in which respect and concern for others are inherent. Respect and concern are the vital-ethical ingredients for democracy. One particular art form which, according to Nussbaum, can nurture compassion, intensively, is a tragedy. Through which, we shall see other people as human beings, not as objects of manipulation. Such philosophical views of hers may re-attune our current perspective on art education. ABSTRAK Sulit dipungkiri bahwa kebanyakan dari universitas modern/masa kini kerap menampilkan wajahnya sebagai institusi yang serupa dengan pabrik manufaktur pengetahuan yang berguna. Istilah “pengetahuan yang berguna” merujuk kepada pengetahuan yang berdampak langsung dan secara praktis dapat dikomodifikasi. Kebanyakan dari universitas masa kini tidak lagi disorot sebagai sebuah generator bagi kebaruan pengetahuan, lembaga yang berpengaruh bagi kehidupan civic dan negara bangsa, kritikus terbesar bagi kebijakan-kebijakan publik, akan tetapi terreduksi sebagai agen utama dari pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penempatan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai model yang diacu oleh universitas sesungguhnya adalah sebuah wujud korporatisme pada aras perguruan tinggi. Disiplin keilimuan seni, sebagai sebuah bagian dari humaniora, turut terbingkai oleh model tersebut. Dari perspektif korporatisme, seni dipahami sekadar komoditas estetis dan sang seniman dipandang sebagai subjek mekanistik yang dapat dimanipulasi oleh motif-motif profit. Pandangan ini masih bertahan dan populer sampai saat ini, akan tetapi tidak berarti tidak dapat dikontestasikan. Makalah ini ditulis sebagai sebuah upaya untuk menanggapi secara kritis pandangan korporatistik tersebut. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan tersebut, penulis merujuk kepada beberapa pandangan filosofis dari salah satu filosof asal Amerika, yakni Martha Nussbaum (1947-sekarang). Pandangan filosofisnya tentang seni, imajinasi, dan bela rasa sebagai sebuah bentuk emosi moral distingtif adalah lawan dari perspektif tentang pendidikan seni yang telah dikolonisasi oleh korporatisme. Seni, melalui perspektifnya, memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menegakkan demokrasi; keberadaannya lebih dari sekadar komoditas. Baginya seni berdaya untuk memelihara bela rasa, yang di dalamnya rasa hormat dan kepedulian terhadap yang lain inheren. Rasa hormat dan kepedulian, dalam hal ini, adalah unsur etis yang vital bagi demokrasi. Salah satu bentuk partikular dari seni yang menurut Nussbaum mampu secara intensif memelihara bela rasa, adalah tragedi. Melalui tragedi, kita akan memandang orang lain sebagai manusia, bukan sebagai objek untuk dimanipulasi. Pandangan-pandangan filosofis darinya merupakan ajakan bagi kita untuk menala kembali perspektif yang bertahan hingga kini tentang pendidikan seni.

The Indonesian government has radically altered the structure of the national sugar industry by issuing Presidential Instruction no 9/1975 on the People’s Sugarcane Intensification Program (TRI) in order to increase sugar productivity. The dependence on the production process to sugar factories was replaced with the production process of the farmers from planting to harvesting. This research intends to document the socio-economic effects of the TRI program on farmers within the Mojo Sugar Factory work area in Sragen, Central Java, between 1975 until 1998. The result of the research has shown that farmers south of the Bengawan Solo river were resistant to the TRI program in favor of more lucrative rice farming. These farmers conducted social protests such as sugarcane field burnings. Farmers that lived north of the river supported the TRI program because planting sugarcane on non-irrigated fields was more profitable than planting other crops. This research shows that the TRI program has positively benefited to some farmers, a conclusion that is not shared by previous researches that point to only negative effect of the program.

The paper presents and analyses contemporary corporate brand models, brand personality constructs as well as model C2ITE. Equilibrium of the corporate brand is constituted by an integrated model of different theoretical approaches to brand phenomena. The primary model is acquired as hexagonal brand identity, as it is also a starting construct that unites the derived models. The corporate brand is causal and depends on joint communication with all C2ITE features. The corporate brand origin is the corporate identity displayed and interpreted by the ACID test model. Corporate identity is essential for several reasons: it enables further creation of the corporate brand, image and other constructs, but also because of the strategic dimension of brand positioning in consumer consciousness. The design of the brand personality is confirmed by the CBBE model dimensions. The corporate brand equilibrium is suggested by the diversification of identity, image and personality. The corporate brand must have the ability to react quickly to market changes, as well as developed collaborative approach to all participants.

Uppsatsen undersöker Statens informationsstyrelses fyra sammanställningar av folkberedskapens orts- och länsombuds årliga rapporter 1941-1944. Syftet är att ta reda på mer om vilken roll icke-statliga organisationer hade för roll i det kulturella folkberedskapsarbetet på lokal nivå runt omkring i Sverige under beredskapstiden. Genom kvalitativ textanalys lyfter studien fram vilka kopplingar Folkberedskapen (SIS) hade till icke-statliga organisationer och vilken verksamhet av folkberedskapskaraktär dessa organisationer bedrev. Resultatet visar att de redan etablerade icke-statliga organisationerna hade en mycket omfattande och tämligen autonom roll i arbetet.

The increasing amount of power and potentially negative impacts that corporations exert within society has become a growing concern for many people. In response to this and due to the changing role of business in society, more and more members of social groups, who are affected by corporate activities, are claiming their rights to be better informed of and more involved in corporate decision-making. Consequently, the need for companies worldwide to be more accountable for the ways in which they conduct their business has grown at a tremendous rate. Especially during the last decade, companies have globally been placed under increasing pressure from different stakeholder groups to demonstrate and prove their commitments to the idea of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In order to facilitate and guide these CSR-commitments, society has for many years already begun to implement various standards of behaviour/performance, which corporations need to achieve in order to be accepted as being part of the citizenry. However, despite an abundance of such standards in terms of CSR-related guidelines and codes, a clear need has been identified for the development of better measuring tools of CSR, in order to efficiently assess and monitor companies’ performance. The Bench Marks is one of the most comprehensive sets of social and environmental criteria and business performance indicators available. It offers an ethical standard on which to base decisions about global corporate social responsibility. Consequently, the need arose from the Bench Marks Foundation - in collaboration with the Bench Marks Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility at the North-West University – to develop the current Bench Marks CSR Framework into a practical measuring instrument. This need has successfully been fulfilled through this research by means of two methods, namely a literature review and an empirical study. During the literature study, the concepts CSR and Corporate Personality were contextualised - particularly with the investigation of related concepts; as well as critically examined - specifically in terms of their theoretical measurement properties. During the empirical research, quantitative research techniques have been utilised which involved: the application of certain ‘theoretically recognised phases’ of measuring instrument development; as well as a survey in the form of a ‘preliminary measuring instrument’ (in questionnaire format) that was administered on a random sample respondents (n = 350), including the statistical analysis of the results. 189 Questionnaires were completed, which gave a response rate of 54%. The statistical analysis mainly served as an effective guideline for determining the best CSR items (in terms of reliability and validity) to be included in the final version of the instrument. Apart from measuring CSR performance in line with the Bench Marks, the instrument that has been developed by this study, can also be used as a measuring mechanism for Corporate Personality. This is achieved by assessing company behaviour in terms of the theoretical dimensions of CSR (economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic) and Sustainable Development (economic, social and environmental). In doing so, this instrument provides companies with a unique way of identifying their status of being true Corporate Citizens.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Sociology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was the formulation of guidelines for the organising of developmental partnerships, of which the key components may be seen as: • the corporate sector; • the State; and • the non-profit or non-Governmental sector. A literature study was completed, focusing on the partnership strategy within the context of the social developmental approach. In-depth focus was placed on the elements of an effective developmental partnership, as well as the manner in which such a partnership should be organised. An empirical study was completed in order to investigate the nature of the developmental partnership strategy; the characteristics of an effective strategy; and the nature of the various and distinctive organisational components. Data was gathered from a study sample determined by means of purposive selection of developmental partnerships in the Western Cape. This sample comprised four (4) representatives each of the corporate sector, the State and the non-Governmental sector. Three (3) different self-administered questionnaires were used for data-gathering - one type of questionnaire for each of the sectors mentioned. The questionnaires were distributed amongst the twelve (12) respondents - thus, in total comprising four (4) distinctive developmental partnerships. The findings primarily relate to the following three aspects: • the nature of the developmental partnership strategy within the current social developmental context; • the requisite elements necessary for effective developmental partnerships; and • the organisation of these partnerships. Of the various findings, the following may be considered to be of primary significance. A developmental partnership is possible between all the parties, irrespective of the sector where they are involved. The partnerships are, however, increasingly being regulated by means of policy and are thus consequently becoming increasingly formal and institutionalized. All parties are active participants in the developmental partnerships, and contributions by each of the parties are usually made in the form of service provisions or service-producing activities. The parties, however, do attach value or importance to certain specific elements of the partnership - which in tum have a significant influence on determining the effectiveness of that partnership. It is on these principles that the organising of the developmental partnership is based. There are diverse reasons for the concluding of a developmental partnership which generally differ from one partner to the next. The partners in such a developmental partnership are selected according to specific criteria. Certain criteria are of greater significance for certain partners than for others. However, a key element does appear to be a sufficient degree of "cultural fit" between the partners. Certain mechanisms are utilized in order to promote this "fit". Despite the structure of the developmental partnership being adaptable and flexible, there appears to be a strong indication that the partnership is control-assured. The nature of this control is facilitative. The control varies amongst the partners, depending on the current nature of the partnership activities; the competencies of the partners; and the need for growth within the partnership in order to realise its objectives. A further finding concerns the need for clarity regarding the division of tasks or functions and for co-ordination within the partnership in order to ensure its effectiveness. Resources are contributed by the various partners, and thereby any resources, risks and benefits inherent to the partnership are shared amongst its members. The principle of exchange is an integral factor for the success of the partnership. It is this idea of exchange that provides the general framework within which it is determined what each of the partners contribute to the partnership, and what benefits they derive from the partnership. On the basis of these conclusions, as well as the findings made in the literature study, recommendations have been made focusing on the elements that will give rise to effective developmental partnerships and how they should be organised in order to promote the desired success.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om riglyne op te stel vir die organisering van ontwikkelingsvennootskappe. Die korporatiewe sektor, die Staat en die nie-winsgewende of nie-staatsektor is by hierdie unieke vennootskappe betrokke. Ten einde hierdie riglyne op te stel is 'n literatuurstudie gedoen oor die vennootskapstrategie binne die konteks van die maatskaplike ontwikkelingsbenadering. In die literatuurstudie is elemente van 'n effektiewe vennootskap, asook die wyse om so 'n vennootskap te organiseer, indringend ondersoek. 'n Empiriese ondersoek is ook gedoen om die aard van die vennootskapstrategie, die kenmerke van 'n effektiewe vennootskap en die aard van organiseringskomponente te bepaal. Die steekproef vir die ondersoek is bekom deur 'n doelbewuste seleksie van ontwikkelingsvennootskappe in die Wes-Kaap provinsie. Hiervolgens is vier (4) verteenwoordigers van die korporatiewe sektor, die Staat en die nie-staatsektor onderskeidelik by die studie betrek. Daar is gebruik gemaak van drie verskillende selfgeadministreerde vraelyste, een vir elke sektor onderskeidelik. Hierdie vraelyste is versprei na die twaalf respondente. Die twaalf respondente het bestaan uit vier verteenwoordigers van elk van die drie partye betrokke en het dus vier (4) verskillende ontwikkelingsvennootskappe behels. Die bevindings wat gemaak is, hou hoofsaaklik verband met die volgende drie aspekte: • die aard van die vennootskapstrategie binne die huidige maatskaplike ontwikkelingskonteks; • elemente noodsaaklik vir 'n effektiewe vennootskap; en • die organisering van 'n vennootskap. Die belangrikste bevindings was die volgende. 'n Vennootskap is moontlik tussen al die partye, ongeag die sektor waarby hulle betrokke is. Hierdie vennootskappe word toenemend deur beleid gerig, en gevolglik is dit toenemend formeel en geïnstitusionaliseerd. Al die partye is aktief betrokke by die vennootskappe. Bydraes word deur die vennote gelewer in die vorm van diensvoorsienings- of diensproduseringsaktiwiteite. Die vennote heg waarde aan sekere spesifieke elemente in die vennootskap. Hierdie elemente het 'n beduidende invloed op die bevordering van effektiwiteit. Die organisering van die vennootskap wentel om hierdie beginsels. Daar is verskillende redes vir die aangaan van die vennootskap. Hierdie redes kan verskil van vennoot tot vennoot. Vennote vir die vennootskap word volgens spesifieke kriteria geselekteer. Sekere kriteria is meer belangrik vir sommige vennote as vir ander. Wat veral belangrik is, is 'n bevredigende kulturele passing ("cultural fit") tussen die vennote. Sekere meganismes word benut om hierdie passing of verenigbaarheid te bevorder. Alhoewel die struktuur van die vennootskap aanpasbaar en buigsaam is, is daar egter 'n sterk aanduiding dat die vennootskapsbeheer verseker is. Die aard van die vennootskapsbeheer is fasiliterend. Die beheer wissel van vennoot tot vennoot, afhangende van die aard van die aktiwiteite, die bevoeghede van die vennote en die behoefte binne die vennootskap om te groei en sy doelwitte te bereik. 'n Verdere bevinding wat gemaak is, is dat duidelike werkverdeling en -koördinering in die vennootskap noodsaaklik is vir effektiewe samewerking. Die hulpbronne word bygedra deur die onderskeie vennote. Sodoende word hulpbronne, risiko's en voordele wat verbonde is aan die vennootskap tussen die vennote verdeel. Die beginsel van uitruiling is 'n sleutelfaktor vir die sukses van 'n vennootskap. Die idee van uitruiling verskaf die algehele raamwerk vir die analisering van wat partye bydra en voordele wat die vennote uit die vennootskap kry. Op grond van hierdie afleidings en gevolgtrekkings asook die bevindings gemaak in die literatuurondersoek is sekere aanbevelings gemaak. Die aanbevelings fokus op die elemente wat aanleiding sal gee tot 'n effektiewe vennootskap en hoe hierdie ontwikkelingsvennootskappe georganiseer moet word om effektief te wees.