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Journal articles on the topic 'Kramer-Rao lower bound criterion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gappmair, Wilfried. "On Parameter Estimation for Bandlimited Optical Intensity Channels." Computation 7, no. 1 (2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation7010011.

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Parameter estimation is of paramount importance in every digital receiver. This is not only true for radio, but also for optical links; otherwise, subsequent processing stages, like detector units or error correction schemes, could not be operated reliably. However, for a bandlimited optical intensity channel, the problem of parameter estimation is strongly related to non-negative pulse shapes satisfying also the Nyquist criterion to keep the detection process as simple as possible. To the best of the author’s knowledge, it is the first time that both topics—parameter estimation on the one han

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2

Zhou, Xiaoli, Hongqiang Wang, Yongqiang Cheng, Yuliang Qin, and Haowen Chen. "Statistical Angular Resolution Limit for Ultrawideband MIMO Noise Radar." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/906313.

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The two-dimensional angular resolution limit (ARL) of elevation and azimuth for MIMO radar with ultrawideband (UWB) noise waveforms is investigated using statistical resolution theory. First, the signal model of monostatic UWB MIMO noise radar is established in a 3D reference frame. Then, the statistical angular resolution limits (SARLs) of two closely spaced targets are derived using the detection-theoretic and estimation-theoretic approaches, respectively. The detection-theoretic approach is based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) with given probabilities of false alarm and det

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3

Han, Qinghua, Weijun Long, Zhen Yang, et al. "Resource Allocation of Netted Opportunistic Array Radar for Maneuvering Target Tracking under Uncertain Conditions." Remote Sensing 16, no. 18 (2024): 3499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16183499.

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The highly dynamic properties of maneuvering targets make it intractable for radars to predict the target motion states accurately and quickly, and low-grade predicted states depreciate the efficiency of resource allocation. To overcome this problem, we introduce the modified current statistical (MCS) model, which incorporates the input-acceleration transition matrix into the augmented state transition matrix, to predict the motion state of a maneuvering target. Based on this, a robust resource allocation strategy is developed for maneuvering target tracking (MTT) in a netted opportunistic arr

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4

Zhang, Jungen, and Shanglin Yang. "Bearings-only Tracking Based on Distributed Multisensor Pseudolinear Kalman Filter." International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing 16 (March 28, 2022): 874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9106.2022.16.107.

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For bearings-only tracking (BOT), there are mainly two problems of nonlinear filtering and poor range observability. In the paper, a new distributed multisensor pseudolinear Kalman filter (PLKF) algorithm is proposed. The sensors use an instrumental vector PLKF (IV-PLKF) to process the measurements of the target independently, which can tackle the bias arising from the correlation between the measurement vector and pseudolinear noise by the bias compensation PLKF (BC-PLKF). The IV-PLKF embeds the recursive instrumental vector estimation method into the BC-PLKF, uses it to construct the instrum

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5

Umair, Muhammad Ali, Hira Khalid, Sheikh Muhammad Sajid, and Hector E. Nistazakis. "Gaussian-Shaped Free-Space Optical Beam Intensity Estimation in Detector Arrays." Photonics 10, no. 8 (2023): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10080930.

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Photon counting detector arrays are commonly used for deep space optical communication receivers operating on the principle of intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD). In scenarios where beam parameters can vary at the receiver due to scattering, it is important to estimate beam parameters in order to minimize the probability of error. The use of array of detectors increases the sensitivity of the receiver as compared to single photo-detector of the same size. In this paper, we present the derivation of a maximum likelihood estimator (ML) for peak optical intensity, providing both numeri

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6

Jiang, Guoqing, Mingyang Li, Zhuoran Liu, Linchuan Sun, and Qingcui Wang. "A Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for Underwater Radiated Noise Power." Applied Sciences 15, no. 12 (2025): 6692. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126692.

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Underwater radiated noise power estimation is crucial for the quantitative assessment of noise levels emitted by ships and underwater vehicles. This paper therefore proposes a maximum likelihood estimation method for determining the power of underwater radiated noise. The method establishes the probability density function of the hydrophones array received data and derives the minimum variance unbiased estimation of the power through theoretical analysis under the maximum likelihood criterion. Numerical simulations and experimental data demonstrate that this method can significantly reduce the

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7

Pandey, Gaurav, James McBride, Silvio Savarese, and Ryan Eustice. "Automatic Targetless Extrinsic Calibration of a 3D Lidar and Camera by Maximizing Mutual Information." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (2021): 2053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8379.

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This paper reports on a mutual information (MI) based algorithm for automatic extrinsic calibration of a 3D laser scanner and optical camera system. By using MI as the registration criterion, our method is able to work in situ without the need for any specific calibration targets, which makes it practical for in-field calibration. The calibration parameters are estimated by maximizing the mutual information obtained between the sensor-measured surface intensities. We calculate the Cramer-Rao-Lower-Bound (CRLB) and show that the sample variance of the estimated parameters empirically approaches

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Zhou, Rongyan, Jianfeng Chen, Weijie Tan, Haobo Yuan, and Chang Cai. "Sensor Selection for Hybrid AOA-TOA Localization with Correlated Measurement Noise in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2779760.

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Underwater target localization is the most crucial part of the underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN). Due to limited communication range and energy constraints in underwater scenarios, only a subset of sensors can be selected to localize. This paper investigates the sensor selection schemes for hybrid angle-of-arrival (AOA) and time-of-arrival (TOA) localization in the underwater scenario. We first develop the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the hybrid AOA-TOA localization with correlated measurement noise model with Gaussian priors, and a Boolean vector is introduced to denote the selec

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9

Liu, Qi, Xianpeng Wang, Liangtian Wan, Mengxing Huang, and Lu Sun. "An Accurate Sparse Recovery Algorithm for Range-Angle Localization of Targets via Double-Pulse FDA-MIMO Radar." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (December 16, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6698446.

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In this paper, a sparse recovery algorithm based on a double-pulse FDA-MIMO radar is proposed to jointly extract the angle and range estimates of targets. Firstly, the angle estimates of targets are calculated by transmitting a pulse with a zero frequency increment and employing the improved l 1 -SVD method. Subsequently, the range estimates of targets are achieved by utilizing a pulse with a nonzero frequency increment. Specifically, after obtaining the angle estimates of targets, we perform dimensionality reduction processing on the overcomplete dictionary to achieve the automatically paired

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10

Wan, Pengwu, Yongjing Ni, Benjian Hao, Zan Li, and Yue Zhao. "Passive localization of signal source based on wireless sensor network in the air." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no. 3 (2018): 155014771876737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718767371.

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Passive localization of the wireless signal source attracts a considerable level of research interest for its wide applications in modern wireless communication systems. To accurately locate the signal source passively in the downtown area, sensors are carried on the unmanned aerial vehicles flying in the air, where the wireless sensor network can be established with an optimal geometry configuration conveniently. In this case, the influence of multipath fading can be avoided and the time difference of arrival measurement can be estimated precisely in Rician channel. By employing the operating

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11

Gappmair, Wilfried. "Data-Aided SNR Estimation for Bandlimited Optical Intensity Channels." Sensors 22, no. 22 (2022): 8660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22228660.

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Not only for radio frequency but also for optical communication systems, knowledge of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is essential, e.g., for an adaptive network, where modulation schemes and/or error correction methods should be selected according to the varying channel states. In the current paper, this topic is discussed for a bandlimited optical intensity link under the assumption that the data symbols are known to the receiver unit in form of pilot sequences. This requires a unipolar signal design regarding the symbol constellation, but also a non-negative pulse shape satisfying the Nyqui

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12

Chang, Shengming, Youming Li, Hui Wang, and Gang Wang. "Received signal strength–based target localization under spatially correlated shadowing via convex optimization relaxation." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no. 6 (2018): 155014771878366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718783666.

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Received signal strength–based target localization methods normally employ radio propagation path loss model, in which the log-normal shadowing noise is generally assumed to follow a zero-mean Gaussian distribution and is uncorrelated. In this article, however, we represent the simplified additive noise by the spatially correlated log-normal shadowing noise. We propose a new convex localization estimator in wireless sensor networks by using received signal strength measurements under spatially correlated shadowing environment. First, we derive a new non-convex estimator based on weighted least

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13

Shi, Chenguang, Jing Dong, Sana Salous, Ziwei Wang, and Jianjiang Zhou. "Collaborative Trajectory Planning and Resource Allocation for Multi-Target Tracking in Airborne Radar Networks under Spectral Coexistence." Remote Sensing 15, no. 13 (2023): 3386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15133386.

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This paper develops a collaborative trajectory planning and resource allocation (CTPRA) strategy for multi-target tracking (MTT) in a spectral coexistence environment utilizing airborne radar networks. The key mechanism of the proposed strategy is to jointly design the flight trajectory and optimize the radar assignment, transmit power, dwell time, and signal effective bandwidth allocation of multiple airborne radars, aiming to enhance the MTT performance under the constraints of the tolerable threshold of interference energy, platform kinematic limitations, and given illumination resource bud

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14

Zhu, Huijie, Sheng Liu, Zhiqiang Yao, Moses Chukwuka Okonkwo, and Zheng Peng. "A novel method for asynchronous source localisation based on time of arrival measurements." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 17, no. 10 (2021): 155014772110537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501477211053706.

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Source localisation is an important component in the application of wireless sensor networks, and plays a key role in environmental monitoring, healthcare and battlefield surveillance and so on. In this article, the source localisation problem based on time-of-arrival measurements in asynchronous sensor networks is studied. Because of imperfect time synchronisation between the anchor nodes and the signal source node, the unknown parameter of start transmission time of signal source makes the localisation problem further sophisticated. The derived maximum-likelihood estimator cost function with

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15

Kang, Xu, Yu Shao, Guanbing Bai, He Sun, Tao Zhang, and Dejiang Wang. "Dual-UAV Collaborative High-Precision Passive Localization Method Based on Optoelectronic Platform." Drones 7, no. 11 (2023): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7110646.

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Utilizing the optical characteristics of the target for detection and localization does not require actively emitting signals and has the advantage of strong concealment. Once the optoelectronic platform mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detects the target, the vector pointing to the target in the camera coordinate system can estimate the angle of arrival (AOA) of the target relative to the UAV in the Earth-centered Earth-fixed (ECEF) coordinate system through a series of rotation transformations. By employing two UAVs and the corresponding AOA measurements, passive localization of

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16

Dávalos, Antonio, Meryem Jabloun, Philippe Ravier, and Olivier Buttelli. "On the Statistical Properties of Multiscale Permutation Entropy: Characterization of the Estimator’s Variance." Entropy 21, no. 5 (2019): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21050450.

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Permutation Entropy (PE) and Multiscale Permutation Entropy (MPE) have been extensively used in the analysis of time series searching for regularities. Although PE has been explored and characterized, there is still a lack of theoretical background regarding MPE. Therefore, we expand the available MPE theory by developing an explicit expression for the estimator’s variance as a function of time scale and ordinal pattern distribution. We derived the MPE Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) to test the efficiency of our theoretical result. We also tested our formulation against MPE variance measurement

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17

Mei, Xiaojun, Dezhi Han, Nasir Saeed, et al. "Trajectory Optimization of Autonomous Surface Vehicles with Outliers for Underwater Target Localization." Remote Sensing 14, no. 17 (2022): 4343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14174343.

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Location awareness is crucial for underwater applications; without it, gathered data would be essentially useless. However, it is impossible to directly determine the location of an underwater target because GPS-reliant methods cannot be utilized in the underwater environment. To this end, the underwater target localization technique has become one of the most critical technologies in underwater applications, wherein GPS-equipped autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) are typically used to assist with localization. It has been proved that, under the assumption of Gaussian noise, an appropriate geo

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18

Peshkov, Ilia, and Yuri Nechaev. "Estimation and Minimization of the Cramer-Rao lower bound for radio direction-finding on the azimuth and elevation of planar antenna arrays." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 15, no. 4 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v15i4.672.

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In this paper an approach of obtaining optimal planar antenna arrays consisting of omnidirectional sensors is proposed. The novelty of the proposed approach is to apply an exact expression of the Cramer-Rao lower bound for an arbitrary planar antenna array consisting of a number of omnidirectional elements which has been presented in the further chapters of the paper. The obtained formula describes the influence of antenna elements locations on the direction-of-arrival estimation accuracy. It has been shown that the direction-of-arrival accuracy via planar antenna arrays is determined as the s

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19

Yang, Jing, Chengcheng Liu, Jie Huang, Ting Ding, Dexiu Hu, and Chuang Zhao. "A robust l_p‐norm localization of moving targets in distributed multiple‐input multiple‐output radar with measurement outliers." IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, August 18, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/rsn2.12451.

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AbstractThe Gaussian noise model and estimators based on least squares (LS) are widely used in target localisation with distributed multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar because of their computational efficiency. However, the accuracy of existing LS‐based target localisation algorithms deteriorates sharply in the presence of outliers in the measurements. Thus, a robust solution is developed based on the ‐norm minimisation criterion and iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) for locating a moving target with impulse noise using the angle of arrival (AOA), time delay (TD), and Doppler

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20

Cheng, Nan-Hung, Kai-Chieh Huang, Yung-Fang Chen, and Shu-Ming Tseng. "Maximum likelihood-based adaptive iteration algorithm design for joint CFO and channel estimation in MIMO-OFDM systems." EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2021, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13634-020-00711-5.

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AbstractIn this paper, we present a joint time-variant carrier frequency offset (CFO) and frequency-selective channel response estimation scheme for multiple input-multiple output-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems for mobile users. The signal model of the MIMO-OFDM system is introduced, and the joint estimator is derived according to the maximum likelihood criterion. The proposed algorithm can be separated into three major parts. In the first part of the proposed algorithm, an initial CFO is estimated using derotation, and the result is used to apply a frequency-do

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21

Dmitriev, I. S., O. N. Zavalishina, and M. P. Slichenko. "Potential accuracy of direction finding by non-monopulse detector-direction finder with ring antenna array for various switching options." Radioengineering, December 12, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18127/j00338486-202412-02.

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In the general case, the law of distribution of direction finding errors of radio emission sources (RES) against the background of radio interference and internal noise is polymodal and is not described by a Gaussian density. The distribution of these errors depends on the true bearing, the distribution of interference and noise, the structure of the detector-direction finder and its antenna system (AS), the algorithm for processing the mixture of the direction-finding signal and interference. For practice, a more acceptable measure of direction finding efficiency is direction finding sensitiv

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22

Mukherjee, Subhadip, and Chandra Sekhar Seelamantula. "Quantization-aware phase retrieval." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing, July 6, 2020, 2040006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691320400068.

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We address the problem of phase retrieval (PR) from quantized measurements. The goal is to reconstruct a signal from quadratic measurements encoded with a finite precision, which is indeed the case in practical applications. We develop an iterative projected-gradient-type algorithm that recovers the signal subject to ensuring consistency with the measurement, meaning that the recovered signal, when encoded, must yield the same set of measurements that one started with. The algorithm involves rank-1 projection, which stems from the idea of lifting, originally proposed in the context of PhaseLif

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23

Roee, Diamant, Kipnis Dror, Bigal Eyal, Scheinin Aviad, Tchernov Dan, and Pinchasi Adi. "An Active Acoustic Track-Before-Detect Approach for Finding Underwater Mobile Targets." February 13, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2019.2899237.

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We consider the challenge of tracking and estimating the size of a single submerged target in a high reverberant underwater environment using a single active acoustic transceiver. This problem is common for a multitude of applications, ranging from the security and safety needs of tracking submerged vehicles and scuba divers, to environmental research and management implications such as the monitoring of pelagic fauna. Considering that the target can be either slow (e.g., a scuba diver) or fast moving (e.g., a shark), we avoid continuous signaling, and rely on the emission of wideband pulses w

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24

БРУСИН, Е. А. "SYMBOL RATE. ESTIMATION BOUNDS." Электросвязь, no. 16(3) (March 23, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.34832/elsv.2021.16.3.004.

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В статье обсуждаются проблемы оценивания символьной частоты и определения эффективности получаемых оценок. Предложенный подход позволяет определить границы оценивания символьной частоты для сигналов различных видов модуляции и спектральныххарактеристик. Получено аналитическое выражение для нормированной модифицированной нижней границы Крамера-Рао оценивания символьной частоты для сигналов с косинусным скруглением. Представлены зависимости соответствующих границ от коэффициента скругления, отношения сигнал/шум на символ и длительности интервала наблюдения. The article discusses the problems of

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