Academic literature on the topic 'Krathwohl’s taxonomy'

Developing cognitive learning objectives becomes prior needs to be prepared by teachers. The aspect of early childhood education includes language development, physical-motor, cognitive, socio-emotional, religious-morality, and art. The development of cognitive aspects becomes very important in efforts to develop lesson planning, learning materials, and assessment. This study aims to produce instructional media on cognitive aspects that are appropriate to the characteristics of early childhood education. The instructional media was developed using the research and development design with Rowntree model. The Rowntree development model consists of 3 phases, those are planning phase, development phase, and the evaluation phase. The study was conducted involving 10 early childhood education institutions in Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Data was collected by documenting the learning process and utilizing rubrics for assessing the development of cognitive domain. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to describe the quality of the products on cognitive domain in early childhood education. The results showed that the development of cognitive aspects in early childhood learning consisted of three aspects, namely aspects of learning and problem solving, aspects of logical thinking, and aspects of symbolic thinking. The development of cognitive aspects in early childhood education for children aged 5-6 years based on Anderson and Krathwohl's Taxonomy produced 18 learning objectives. On the other hand, the development of cognitive aspects in early childhood education aged 4-5 years based on the taxonomy of Anderson and Krathwohl produced 15 learning objectives. The learning objectives of the results of the development had been examined by instructional content experts, instructional design experts, and product user. The test results in the cognitive aspects of learning objectives are in the "very good" category.

The aim of the study was to use Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy 2001 or Anderson & Krathwohl’s Taxonomy 2001 to analyze and compare the levels of reading comprehension questions found in reading parts of Team Up in English 1-3 and Grade 9 English O-NET Tests academic years 2013-2016. This study examined 416 reading comprehension questions from Team Up in English 1-3 and 65 reading comprehension questions from O-NET Tests academic years 2013-2016. Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy 2001 was used as a framework for analyzing levels of reading comprehension questions. The findings showed that the levels of reading comprehension questions found in Team Up in English 1-3 and Grade 9 English O-NET tests academic years 2013-2016 were similar and were in low levels of reading comprehension questions.

The study explored the presences that were evident when six students and a teacher’s online interactions were categorized based on CoI model and how these interactions were able to add quality to the students’ narrative essays in an asynchronous online discussion. This study involved six Malaysian ESL students and a teacher interacting in the asynchronous discussion to complete their narrative writing tasks. The interactions were categorized based on social, teaching and cognitive presences suggested by the CoI model. Data were gathered from online archives and narrative essays scores. The findings reaffirm the presences of social and teaching presences although there was a dissimilar pattern for cognitive presence. Additional research outcome were that of emerging themes related to exam-centeredness, teacher-centeredness and online fatique syndrome. The findings suggest that there is a need for intervention and different instructions from the teacher based on the Krathwohl’s adapted version of Bloom’s Taxonomy.

The aim of this study was to analyze the relevance of the materials with the cognitive and psychomotor domains in the 2013 English curriculum competence in English Rings a Bell textbook for grade eight of junior high school. This study used qualitative methodology. The researcher conducted the analysis of textbook based on theory of Anderson and Krathwohl’s (2001) taxonomy of cognitive domain and Simpson’s (1972) taxonomy of psychomotor domain in order to more focus on it relevancy with materials in the textbook. The instrument used to collect the data were observation in the form of checklists and document analysis. The result showed that in term of cognitive domain, there were 23 materials in the book which were relevant or 74.19%, 7 materials which were partly relevant or 22.58%, and only 1 material which irrelevant or 3.2%. Meanwhile, the in term of psychomotor domain, there were 10 materials in the book which were relevant or 32.25%, 10 materials also which were partly relevant, and 11 materials which were irrelevant or 35.48 %. Thus, it can be concluded that the materials in this textbook materials are relevant with 2013 curriculum, in term of cognitive domain. Even though, it lacks of relevant materials of psychomotor domain. Keywords: textbook analysis; When English Rings a Bell; 2013 Curriculum; cognitive domain; psychomotor domain

To better understand the learning that transpires in advising, we used Anderson et al.'s (2001) revision of Bloom's (1956) taxonomy and Krathwohl, Bloom, and Masia's (1964) affective taxonomy to analyze eight student-reported advising outcomes from Smith and Allen (2014). Using the cognitive processes and knowledge domains of Anderson et al.'s revised taxonomy, we discuss the learning processes that underlie cognitive-based outcomes. We also describe the way the affective taxonomy developed by Krathwohl et al. contributes to understanding learning processes that promote affective outcomes. Through these analyses, we describe how learning occurs in advising and show that advising, as represented by Smith and Allen's eight defined outcomes, delivers the array of cognitive and affective changes presumed to constitute learning as articulated by these frameworks.

This article examines textbook problems used in a sampling of some of the most common core courses found in schools of business to ascertain what level of learning, as defined by Blooms Taxonomy, is required to provide a correct answer. A set of working definitions based on Blooms Taxonomy (Bloom & Krathwohl, 1956) was developed for the six different levels of the taxonomy. Because the course credit model relies so heavily on textbooks, the end of chapter problems for a leading text book in eight traditional business disciplines were evaluated. The initial findings indicate that the vast majority of end of chapter problems examined only required students to function at Level 1 (Knowledge) or Level 2 (Comprehension). While preliminary in nature, these data suggest the need for the use of other methods to challenge the student to think on higher cognitive levels.

Es indispensable que el docente conozca y aplique en la gestión de la enseñanza mecanismos de ordenamiento de la información que aseguren la activación y aplicación de procesos secuenciales del pensar para garantizar la adquisición y operacionalización de conocimientos y habilidades, reflejo de competencias interiorizadas, como consecuencia de acciones estratégicas que el profesor diseña y propone en la planificación de sus sesiones de clase. Este artículo aborda la propuesta taxonómica de Lorin Anderson y David Krathwohl, en sus seis categorías del conocimiento, con las habilidades que cada una implica, las actividades que realiza el estudiante a partir de la aplicación de estrategias didácticas, propios de la educación superior, que optimizan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

Cet article propose un cadre de référence pour l'élaboration d'un objectif d'intervention à court terme en ergothérapie. Il a pour but de clarifier la définition d'un objectif, sa nature et ses caractéristiques. Trois différentes taxonomies développées dans les sciences de l'éducation sont décrites. Elles sont, pour le domaine cognitif, la taxonomie de Bloom, Engelhart, Furst, Hill, et Krathwohl, pour le domaine affectif, celle de Krathwohl, Bloom et Bertram et, pour le domaine sensorimoteur, celle de Harrow. À partir de ces taxonomies, des applications illustrant des objectifs de traitement en situation ergothérapique sont présentées. Ce cadre de référence facilitera la tâche des cliniciens et des cliniciennes lors de la planification du traitement. Il favorisera également l'apprentissage des étudiants et étudiantes par rapport à l'élaboration des objectifs d'intervention.

Learning outcomes are inevitably to be declared by any university and educational institution at every level of their programmes. It should have a general scheme for all programmes regardless of the discipline specificities, individual courses or even independent instructional units. Such outcomes are stated at different levels based on the taxonomy of learning adopted in each scheme. People follow different learning taxonomies for stating course contents, designing the assessment items and measuring the attainment. In this work, revised Bloom’s taxonomy (Anderson and Krathwohl, 2001) has been adopted as a classic model to express different cognitive levels in outcome statements and assessment items. This has been demonstrated here based on an 80 credit postgraduate programme in geology offered by state universities and autonomous institutions. This article presents outcome statements and assessment items for three courses of the programme, namely (a) Biostratigraphy and Palaeontology, (b) Metamorphic Petrology and (c) Structural Geology, which can be ideal specimen for adopting the learning taxonomy and outcome-based education in any similar disciplines of educational programmes.

Medical educators, clinical trainers, and professional organizations that have responded to the need to humanize medicine have not explored prospects for affective development in distance education. In this dissertation, the author explored narrative as an affective learning technique. Medical fiction, lay exposition, autobiography and other written forms of patient narratives, as well as multimedia presentations, movies, music, song, and visual arts were explored and analyzed for use in teaching medical professionalism to online health science students. A collection of narratives and learning activities for teaching medical professionalism in an online class were presented. Finally, a comparison study evaluated the use of narrative medicine to foster professional development in an online class. The use of narrative to introduce professionalism and help online students internalize the humanistic values of empathy and compassion was grounded in affective theories of moral development. Quantitative evaluation of medical professionalism was performed using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE), a psychometrically sound instrument designed to measure empathy in the context of patient care. Comparisons of mean changes in empathy suggest that the treatment group experienced significant changes in total empathy, reflected by increased scores in all elements of the JSPE. These results were validated by a qualitative review of student discussion posts, course evaluations, and instructor feedback. The goal was to explore affective development and the educational value that narrative brings to teaching medical professionalism in the online class. The study helped to clarify the role of narrative in transformative learning. The implication is that online students can benefit from exposure to narrative. The relationship between narrative and medical professionalism may have applications for educational theory, medical and allied health practice, public policy, and future research.

In this study the emotional responses of the teacher’s experiences in integrating ICT in the curriculum were identified. Teachers’ experiences were explored regarding challenges and benefits of incorporating ICT in their teaching. The aim of this research was to attempt to contribute to the field by investigating the affective aspects according to Krathwohl’s taxonomy. The study employed a qualitative approach where data was analysed through narrative stories, interviews and observations. The design was used to capture the life stories of the five teachers who were integrating ICT relating to their experiences and emotional responses. Data was analysed by conceptual analysis after which, ten emotional response themes were identified. The ten emotional responses were then concatenated into four categories namely: hope, joy, anger and fear. This study found that teachers do experience complex emotions in response to the integration of ICT although there is a positive effect on instruction when information and communication’s technology is used optimally.
Dissertation (MEd (CIE))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Curriculum Studies
MEd
unrestricted

This chapter presents and evaluates a Web 2.0 Learning Design Framework that can be used to develop pre-service teachers’ learning design capabilities. The framework integrates the TPACK model of educational practice, Anderson and Krathwohl’s Taxonomy of learning, teaching and assessing, and different types of constructive and negotiated pedagogies, with a range of contemporary Web 2.0 based learning technologies. Pre-service teachers in a second year learning technology subject felt that the framework helped them to better understand the relationship between technology, pedagogy, and content, as well as create more effective learning designs for their students. Examples of student learning designs are used to illustrate the way that pre-service teachers applied the framework. Students’ reflective responses to the framework are also used to explain how the Web 2.0 Learning Design Framework can be more effectively used to develop pre-service teachers’ Web 2.0 learning design capabilities.

This final chapter on the Taxonomy for the Technology Domain provides a discretionary inquiry into the research base of this newest classification system. Similar to the historical evolution of the taxonomies of Bloom (cognitive), Krathwohl (affective), Kibler (psychomotor), Bruce and Levin (technology as media) and SeSDL (communications and information technology), a watershed text such as this is obligated to demonstrate the scholarly basis upon which the new classification schemata is built.

A teacher educator examines the level of critical thinking of her preservice teachers participating in an urban education course through online discussions. The objective was to see if online discussions, which were the heart of the learning process, could be an effective strategy to promote critical thinking skills. Using the revised version of Bloom’s Taxonomy (Anderson & Krathwohl, 2001) as a guide, participants’ posts and responses were assessed to determine the quality of thinking that occurred in the online discussion forum. Results show that utilizing online discussion forums can be an effective pedagogy for classes where complex, often controversial issues such as social justice, equity, and white privilege are discussed.

This chapter offers suggestions and discussion on e-portfolio teaching approaches and how andragogy and Bloom's Digital Taxonomy can be weaved into teaching and learning to create active learning through e-portfolio development. The chapter connects andragogy (Knowles, 1980) and integrates the educational objectives in the cognitive domain put forth by Bloom in 1956 and then updated by Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) and eventually aligned to the digital realm by Churches (2009) to use as a model for teaching Web portfolio development in undergraduate courses. The Web portfolio has value for the student as a real-world tool for use in career advancement. It can be integrated into curriculum by faculty as a platform for assessment of higher-level cognitive objectives. This chapter includes a framework for a portfolio seminar course and how it implements Web portfolio (e-portfolio) components, which may provide a model for faculty developing future e-portfolio courses.

This chapter offers suggestions and discussion on e-portfolio teaching approaches and how andragogy and Bloom's Digital Taxonomy can be weaved into teaching and learning to create active learning through e-portfolio development. The chapter connects andragogy (Knowles, 1980) and integrates the educational objectives in the cognitive domain put forth by Bloom in 1956 and then updated by Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) and eventually aligned to the digital realm by Churches (2009) to use as a model for teaching Web portfolio development in undergraduate courses. The Web portfolio has value for the student as a real-world tool for use in career advancement. It can be integrated into curriculum by faculty as a platform for assessment of higher-level cognitive objectives. This chapter includes a framework for a portfolio seminar course and how it implements Web portfolio (e-portfolio) components, which may provide a model for faculty developing future e-portfolio courses.

Az előadás egy átfogó kutatási téma eredményeinek megosztására irányul (Érsek, 2019). Olyan neveléstudományi témában kerestem módszertani megoldást, amely szorosan kapcsolódik a kritikai gondolkodás fejlesztéséhez elektronikus tanulási környezetben. A történelmi tartalomba ágyazott kritikai gondolkodás kognitív elemeinek mérési, fejlesztési területeire koncentráltam. A történelemtanítás kutatásának nemzetközi dimenziójában az egyik megközelítés szerint a kritikai gondolkodás fejlesztésének és a forráselemzésnek kell a történelemtanítás középpontjában állnia (Jancsák, 2019). A feladat és a fogalmi keret összetettsége miatt kevés a sikeresnek tekinthető empirikus vizsgálat a kritikai gondolkodás terén. Magyarországon elindult a fogalom pedagógiai értelmezése (Molnár L., 2002.; Tóth, 2007.; Kovács, 2009.; Fábián, 2014.), az angolszász pedagógia fókuszában a fogalmi tisztázás és a kritikai gondolkodás szerkezeti elemeinek feltárása, összegzése áll (Elder – Paul, 2006.; Lai, 2011). Kutatásom során megalkottam a történelem témakörben alkalmazható kritikai gondolkodás taxonómiát, amelyet pontosítottam Anderson-Krathwohl (2001) tanulási célkitűzések modelljének segítségével. A történelemtanárok gondolkodását és nézeteit feltártam strukturálatlan kognitív térkép módszerével, támogatott felidézéssel. Szakértői mintavétel történt. Az oktatástervezési megközelítések közül (Ollé, 2015. p. 86.) a jelen kutatás fejlesztése oktatástanulás szempontjából építette fel a tanköri modulokat, azaz a kognitív folyamatok fejlesztésére koncentrált. A pedagógiai kísérlet terepe a Neo LMS alkalmazás lett, ami e-learning keretrendszer, tananyagtartalom szervező rendszer (LCMS). Általam fejlesztett 2 hetes tanórán kívüli anyagot osztottam meg, tutorként támogattam a diákok tanulási folyamatait. A kutatás eljárásrendjét (eszközök, módszerek), megbízhatósági mutatóit ismertetem az előadás során. A 11-12. évfolyamos gimnazistáknál csoportos valószínűségi mintavételt alkalmaztam, kiegészítettem a hólabda mintavételi eljárással (összesen 330 fő). Kutatási kérdés volt: Milyen módon mérhető a történelmi tartalomba ágyazott kritikai gondolkodás kognitív elemeinek tanulói teljesítménye elektronikus tanulási környezetben? A kutatás hipotézisei közül egyet emelek ki (egymintás t-próbát alkalmaztam ennél): A történelmi tartalomba ágyazott kritikai gondolkodás kognitív elemeinek tanulói teljesítményét lényegesen befolyásolja a Neo LMS fejlesztő anyagainak megismerése. Az önkontrollos csoport esetében ez bizonyítást nyert. Bízom benne, hogy a tanulók kritikai gondolkodásának kognitív elemeit és a digitális kompetenciát fejlesztő módszertani megoldásom hozzájárul a pedagógiai kultúraváltáshoz. A bemutatásra kerülő pedagógiai kísérlet a tanulók egyéni fejlesztésérére koncentrál, egy jó példája a SAMR modell (Puentedura, 2006) felső szintjének, alkalmazásával hatékonnyá tehető a különböző történelmi források feldolgozása, miközben az IKT által nyújtott lehetőségek is megvalósulnak. ----- A report on developing critical thinking connected to historical sources ----- The goal of the presentation is to share the results of a comprehensive research topic (Érsek, 2019). I attempted to find a skill developing methodological solution in the field of pedagogy that is closely connected to the development of critical thinking in an e-learning environment. The focus is on assessing and developing the cognitive elements of critical thinking embedded in historical teaching materials. One approach to the research on History teaching at an international level states that developing critical thinking and source analysis are the main tasks of History instruction (Jancsák, 2019). Owing to the complexity of the task and the complex conceptual framework, there has been only a few empirical studies in the field of critical thinking that can be regarded as successful. The pedagogical interpretation of the concept has begun in Hungary (Molnár L., 2002.; Tóth, 2007.; Kovács, 2009.; Fábián, 2014.), and the Anglo-Saxon pedagogy focuses on conceptual clarification and on the exploration and summarization of the structural elements of critical thinking (Elder – Paul, 2006.; Lai, 2011). Based on my research, I created a critical thinking taxonomy which can be applied within the context of History, and I further refined it by using Anderson-Krathwohl’s (2001) model of learning objectives. I explored the beliefs and attitudes of History teachers by using a non-structured cognitive map and stimulated recall with questions. The sample procedure was expert sampling. From the educational planning approaches (Ollé, 2015. p. 86.), the development of the present research created the modules of the course from the education-learning perspective, which means that it focused on the development of cognitive processes. The present pedagogical experiment was executed within the Neo LMS application, which is an e-learning platform and a learning content management system (LCMS). I created and shared a two-week skill developing material, which was not part of class activities, with the students, and I assisted their learning processes as a tutor. In this presentation, I outline the research protocol (tools, methods) and reliability indices of the research. I applied probability cluster sampling in the case of eleventh- and twelfth-graders, and additionally used snowball sampling (altogether 330 participants). The research questions were the following: How can the students’ performance be assessed related to the cognitive elements of critical thinking embedded in historical teaching materials in an elearning environment? I highlight one of the research hypotheses (one-sample t-test was used in this case): Students’ performance related to the cognitive aspects of critical thinking embedded in historical teaching materials is significantly influenced by becoming familiar with the Neo LMS skill developing materials. In the case of the single-case experiment group, this hypothesis was confirmed. I hope that my methodological solution that develops the cognitive elements of students’ thinking and their digital competence will contribute to the transition in pedagogical approach. The presented research in the field of pedagogy focuses on the individual development of students, which is a good example of the highest level of the SAMR model (Puentedura, 2006), and by applying this, the interpretation of different historical sources can be more effective and the opportunities offered by the ICT environment are also incorporated.