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Journal articles on the topic 'Krom River – South Africa – Eastern Cape'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Vundla, Thulile, James Blignaut, Nonophile Nkambule, Tshepo Morokong, and Shepherd Mudavanhu. "The opportunity cost of not utilising the woody invasive alien plant species in the Kouga, Krom and Baviaans catchments in South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 19, no. 5 (December 12, 2016): 814–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v19i5.1603.

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This study estimates the opportunity costs of using woody invasive alien plants (IAPs) for value-added products by estimating the net economic return from the value-added industries in South Africa. By 2008, IAPs were estimated at the national level to cover an area of 1 813 million condensed hectares in South Africa. A market has formed around their use for value-added products (VAP) like charcoal, firewood and timber in the Kouga, Kromme and Baviaans River catchments in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The net economic return from these value-added industries was estimated for the purpose of several management scenarios, and was then used to estimate the opportunity costs if they were not used. A system dynamics model was used to value and analyse the Net Present Value of clearing in the study area and to estimate the opportunity cost of the non-use of VAP. The study showed that the inclusion of VAPs in the project would yield higher net present values for clearing. The findings from this study suggest that a cofinance option of the total economic returns from VAP for clearing costs is the best management scenario for reducing the costs of clearing and maximising the net economic returns from clearing. The net economic returns of VAPs by 2030 are estimated at R23 million without the co-finance option and R26 million with the option. The cumulative net income from VAPs with co-financing over the period of valuation is estimated to be R609 million.

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2

Cloete, E. C., and R. A. Lubke. "Flora of the Kap River Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 29, no. 1 (September 30, 1999): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v29i1.585.

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A detailed analysis ot the flora of the newly proclaimed Kap River Reserve (600 ha) is given. The reserve is adjacent to the Fish River and some 5 km from the Fish River Mouth It consists of a coastal plateau up to 100 m a.s.I. which is steeply dissected by the two rivers that partially form the boundary of the reserve. The flora of the reserve was sampled over a period o f three years and plants were collected in all the vegetation types of grassland, thicket and forest. 488 species were collected with a species to family ratio of 4:4. The majority of the taxa recorded represent the major phytochoria of the region. Nineteen species are endemic to the Eastern Cape, two are classed as vulnerable, five are rare, six are protected and a further seventeen are of uncertain status. The flora of the Kap River has closest affinities to that of the Alexandria Forest.

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3

Rowntree, Kate M., and Evan S. J. Dollar. "Vegetation controls on channel stability in the Bell River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 24, no. 2 (February 1999): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199902)24:2<127::aid-esp944>3.0.co;2-3.

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4

PERKINS, PHILIP D. "New species and new collection records of Prosthetopine water beetles from southern Africa (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)." Zootaxa 1864, no. 1 (September 3, 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1864.1.1.

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New species of Hydraenidae are described in the genera Prosthetops Waterhouse (1), Pterosthetops Perkins (1), Parasthetops Perkins & Balfour-Browne (13), and Mesoceration Janssens (24). New collecting locality data are given for the following species described by Perkins & Balfour-Browne (1994): Parasthetops aeneus, P. nigritus, P. spinipes, P. curidius, Mesoceration distinctum, M. rivulare, M. jucundum, M. splendorum, M. rubidum, M. fusciceps, M. languidum, M. dissonum, M. rufescens, and M. brevigranum. High resolution digital images of the holotypes of new species are presented (online version in color), and male genitalia are illustrated. Distribution maps are provided for all prosthetopine species in the genera Prosthetops, Pterosthetops, Parasthetops, and Mesoceration. The following 39 new species are described (type locality in South Africa unless otherwise given): Prosthetops gladiator (Eastern Cape Province, summit of Prentjiesberg); Pterosthetops hawequas (Western Cape Province, Hawaquas radio tower); Parasthetops benefossus(Western Cape Province, Wiedouw farm), P. buunicornus (Lesotho: Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), P. confluentus (Eastern Cape Province, Little Karroo, Baviaanskloof N valley), P. lemniscus (Lesotho: Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), P. namibiensis (Namibia: Windhoek, Eros Mt.), P. pampinus (Western Cape Province, Dorps River into Prins Albert, Swartbergpas), P. parallelus (Northern Cape Province, Richtersveld, Oemsberg), P. propitius (Lesotho: Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), P. retinaculus (Eastern Cape Province, Sundays River system, Letskraal), P. sebastiani (Lesotho: Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), P. semiplanus (Eastern Cape Province, Sundays River system, Letskraal), P. striatus (Northern Cape Province, Namaqualand, Kamieskroon), P. unicornus (Eastern Cape Province, Naudes Nek, 12 miles ENE Rhodes); Mesoceration barriotum (Western Cape Province, Cape-Swartberg, Seweweekspoort Kloof), M. bicurvum (Eastern Cape Province, Wildebees River), M. bispinum (KwaZulu-Natal Province, Weza, Impetyene Forest), M. compressum (Eastern Cape Province, S. coast, Dwesa forest reserve), M. concavum (Mpumalanga Province, Blyderiver Canyon), M. curvosum (KwaZulu-Natal Province, Umtamvuna River), M. disjunctum (Eastern Cape Province, Nature's Valley Reserve), M. drakensbergensis (Lesotho, Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), M. durabilis (Western Cape Province, 2 miles SW of Citrusdal), M. granulovestum (Western Cape Province, Cederberg, Eikenboom), M. incarinum (Lesotho, Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), M. integer (KwaZulu-Natal Province, Busheladi Stream on Lundy's Hill near Deepdale), M. littlekarroo (Western Cape Province, Little Karroo, Rus-en-vredewaterf), M. longipennis (Western Cape Province, W. Wiedouw farm), M. maluti (Lesotho, Drakensberg, Sani Pass Valley), M. natalensis (KwaZulu-Natal Province, Umkomaas River, where crossed by Himeville to Impendhle road), M. periscopum (Western Cape Province, Cederberg, Eikenboom), M. piceum (Western Cape Province, Cederberg, Eikenboom), M. rapidensis (Western Cape Province, S. W. Cape Mts., Hawequas SE), M. repandum (Western Cape Province, Cederberg, Eikenboom), M. reticulatum (Western Cape Province, Nuweberg Forest Station), M. semicarinulum (Western Cape Province, Groot Toren farm), M. tabulare (Western Cape Province, Platteklip Gorge, north face of Table Mountain), M. umbrosum (Western Cape Province, Wiedouw farm).

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5

Wasserman, RJ, LL Pereira-da-Conceicoa, NA Strydom, and OLF Weyl. "Diet ofAnguilla mossambica(Teleostei, Anguillidae) elvers in the Sundays River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 37, no. 3 (November 2012): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2012.692320.

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6

Oliver, E. G. H., and I. M. Oliver. "Three new species of Erica (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 30, no. 2 (September 25, 2000): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v30i2.552.

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Three new species of Erica L. from the mountains of Western Cape, South Africa, are described. E. rustieula E.G.H.Oliv. with an indehiscent fruit, is confined to sandy places in the eastern Cold Bokkeveld. E humidicola E.G.H.Oliv. is a highly localized endemic in seepages in the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve and E rimarum E.G.H.Oliv. is restricted to rock faces at high altitudes in the Hex River Mountains.

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7

Grecksch, K. "Adaptive capacity and water governance in the Keiskamma River Catchment, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Water SA 41, no. 3 (April 23, 2015): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v41i3.07.

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8

Ngcaba, Pelisa, and Alfred Maroyi. "Floristic Composition and Diversity in Tsitsa River Catchment Area, the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Journal of Biological Sciences 17, no. 6 (August 1, 2017): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2017.288.297.

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9

Kgopa, A. H., S. I. Bulani, B. S. Wilhelmi, and J. M. Brand. "Antioxidant activity of selected plants of the Great Fish River Reserve,Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 27, no. 2 (August 11, 2010): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2010.503581.

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10

Mayekiso, M., and T. Hecht. "Age and growth ofSandelia bainsiiCastelnau (Pisces: Anabantidae) in the Tyume River, Eastern Cape (South Africa)." South African Journal of Zoology 23, no. 4 (January 1988): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1988.11448115.

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11

ROWNTREE, K. M., and E. S. J. DOLLAR. "CONTROLS ON CHANNEL FORM AND CHANNEL CHANGE IN THE BELL RIVER, EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA." South African Geographical Journal 78, no. 1 (April 1996): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03736245.1996.9713603.

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12

Yahaya, Abdulrazaq, Omobola O. Okoh, Foluso O. Agunbiade, and Anthony I. Okoh. "Occurrence of phenolic derivatives in Buffalo River of Eastern Cape South Africa: Exposure risk evaluation." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 171 (April 2019): 887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.037.

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13

Angwenyi, Daniel, Martin Potgieter, and James Gambiza. "Community perceptions towards nature conservation in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Nature Conservation 43 (February 23, 2021): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.43.57935.

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Relationships between protected area managers and adjacent communities, as well as communities’ attitudes, views and perceptions of these areas, are critical for the success of conservation efforts. It is important for protected area managers and administrators to understand how local communities view these areas and their management, so that they can build sustainable working rel ationships. This paper is based on a survey of 375 semi-structured questionnaires administered to household heads, living at distances ranging from the edge of the reserves to 50 km away from the reserve boundary across the Great Fish River, Mkambati, Hluleka, and Tsolwana nature reserves in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The paper provides a longitudinal assessment of households’ knowledge about the role of reserves and the reserves’ impacts on livelihood assets. In addition to households’ knowledge about the role of reserves, the paper also provides an assessment of people’s attitudes towards their location and management, as well as views on the best way to manage the reserves. For 79% of community members, reserves were important as they were seen to conserve biodiversity and valuable ecological systems necessary for sustaining life. Most (75%) respondents indicated that closely located reserves gave them opportunities to learn about nature conservation and to subsidize their incomes through tourism ventures. However, 58% had a problem with reserves’ staff, due to restrictions on resource use, which negatively impacted their livelihoods. Over half (51%) of the households argued that sustainable conservation can only be achieved through an integrated approach where conservation and local communities’ needs are given equal weight. We concluded that reserve managers should look at communities as active partners in the management of protected areas if sustainable conservation objectives are to be realised.

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14

van Wijk, Yvette, Madelon L. Tusenius, Renee Rust, Richard M. Cowling, and Sarah Wurz. "Modern vegetation at the Klasies River archaeological sites, Tsitsikamma coast, south-eastern Cape, South Africa: a reference collection." Plant Ecology and Evolution 150, no. 1 (April 7, 2017): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2017.1286.

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15

Snijman, D. A. "A new Cyrtanthus species(Amaryllidaceae: Cyrtantheae) endemic to the Albany Centre, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 33, no. 2 (September 9, 2003): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v33i2.442.

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Cyrtanthus macmasteri Snijman is a rare new species from the Albany Centre of endemism. Eastern Cape. South Africa. Most closely related to C. galpinii Baker, and autumn-flowering species with a single or rarely-flowered inflorescence from the northern regions of southern Africa. C macmasteri is distinguished by a 3 to 6-flowered inflorescence. It grows on steep banks of the Great Kei River and its tributaries and flowers in summer.

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16

Odume, ON, CG Palmer, FO Arimoro, and PK Mensah. "Influence of selected biotopes on chironomid-based bioassessment of the Swartkops River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Water SA 41, no. 3 (April 23, 2015): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v41i3.06.

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17

Niba, AS, and SP Mafereka. "Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage composition and distribution pattern in the upper Mthatha River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 40, no. 2 (April 3, 2015): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2015.1028323.

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18

Palmer, Robert W., and Jay H. O'Keeffe. "Downstream effects of impoundments on the water chemistry of the Buffalo River (Eastern Cape), South Africa." Hydrobiologia 202, no. 1-2 (August 1990): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02208128.

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19

HENDRIXSON, BRENT E., and JASON E. BOND. "A new species of Stasimopus from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Ctenizidae), with notes on its natural history." Zootaxa 619, no. 1 (August 27, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.619.1.1.

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A new species of ctenizid trapdoor spider is described, Stasimopus mandelai sp. nov., from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. This species occurs syntopically with S. schoenlandi Pocock and a number of other mygalomorph spiders at the Great Fish River Nature Reserve. Illustrations, photographs, and additional notes on burrow architecture and general natural history are provided.

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20

Odume, Oghenekaro Nelson, and Ntombekhaya Mgaba. "Statistical analysis of macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in relation to river-health assessment of an urban river, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 19, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 420–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634988.2016.1255098.

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21

Jaarsveld, Ernst J. Van. "Cotyledon woodiisubsp.Cremnophila, a New Cliff Dwelling Taxon from the Kei River, Eastern Cape, Republic of South Africa." Haseltonia 21 (December 2015): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2985/026.021.0111.

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22

Gyedu-Ababio, T. K. "Pollution Status of Two River Estuaries in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, based on Benthic Meiofauna Analyses." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 03, no. 07 (2011): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2011.37057.

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23

Mills, A. J., R. M. Cowling, D. Steyn, J. Spekreijse, D. Van den Broeck, S. Weel, and C. Boogerd. "Portulacaria afra is constrained under extreme soil conditions in the Fish River Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa." South African Journal of Botany 77, no. 3 (August 2011): 782–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.12.008.

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24

Odume, ON, CG Palmer, FO Arimoro, and PK Mensah. "Patterns of chironomid body-size distribution in an effluent-impacted river in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 39, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2014.982498.

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25

DOLLAR, E. S. J., and K. M. ROWNTREE. "HYDROCLIMATIC TRENDS, SEDIMENT SOURCES AND GEOMORPHIC RESPONSE IN THE BELL RIVER CATCHMENT, EASTERN CAPE DRAKENSBERG, SOUTH AFRICA." South African Geographical Journal 77, no. 1 (April 1995): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03736245.1995.9713585.

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26

Chigor, Vincent N., Timothy Sibanda, and Anthony I. Okoh. "Variations in the physicochemical characteristics of the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185, no. 10 (May 2, 2013): 8733–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3208-1.

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27

Odume, Oghenekaro Nelson, Carolyn G. Palmer, Francis O. Arimoro, and Paul K. Mensah. "Chironomid assemblage structure and morphological response to pollution in an effluent-impacted river, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Ecological Indicators 67 (August 2016): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.001.

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28

Hattingh, Johan. "Fluvial response to allocyclic influences during the development of the lower Sundays River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Quaternary International 33 (January 1996): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6182(95)00100-x.

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29

Moodley, Nerave, Graham Moore, and David Wylie. "A Case Study of the Retrofitting of the Great Fish River Bridge." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 10006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819910006.

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In developing countries and economies such as South Africa, retrofitting is a vital tool to maximise and extend the service life of existing infrastructure. The transportation sector plays a pivotal role in stimulating economic growth, and retrofitting existing bridges to meet the growing capacity needs of South Africa’s roads supports continued economic growth and development. This paper outlines the technical and practical challenges encountered and the solutions developed by the design team to retrofit the existing 215 m long, 9-span, Great Fish River Bridge in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. These challenges included jacking up the existing bridge under traffic loading to replace 108 existing bearings and erecting 32.5t precast beams at heights of 10.5m above a major river whilst accommodating high volumes of traffic on a busy National road.

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30

Lotter, Matt Geoffrey, and Kathleen Kuman. "The Acheulean in South Africa, with announcement of a new site (Penhill Farm) in the lower Sundays River Valley, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Quaternary International 480 (June 2018): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.08.065.

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31

Veldsman, Stephan. "Description of four new Nataliamarginella and one Punctamarginella species (Marginellidae: Marginella), from the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Festivus 53, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f533210.

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Five new species in the genus Marginella from the Eastern Cape, South Africa are described. Four species in the subgenus Nataliamarginella S.G. Veldsman, 2017: M. (N.) mbasheensis n. sp., M. (N.) mlambomkuluensis n. sp., M. (N.) mtataensis n. sp., and M. (N.) muratovi n. sp.; and one species in the subgenus Punctamarginella S.G.Veldsman, 2017 M. (P.) transovula n. sp. The new species are compared to their closest congeners within their respective subgenus with regards to their shell morphological features and locality. The species described here are all found deep water (50-550 m) along the central-northern Eastern Cape, between the Great Kei River (50 km north of East London) and Mbotyi (25 km north of Port St. Johns), South Africa, a portion of the 34 6region previously known as Transkei. Most of the closest congeners regarding shell morphology are found in KwaZulu-Natal at least 70 km north-east and further, with a region previously named Pondoland separating them. Very few Marginella species are adapted to live in the specific habitat of the Pondoland region.

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32

Lee, DE, and M. Du Preez. "A demand-based management option to address boat congestion at the Sundays River Estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Water SA 41, no. 4 (July 29, 2015): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v41i4.18.

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33

Lee, Deborah, Stephen G. Hosking, and Mario Du Preez. "Valuing user preferences for improvements in public nature trails around the Sundays River Estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v9i1.28.

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Many valuations have been made of changes to in-estuary attributes, but few have been made of out-of-estuary attributes. From a recreation perspective, an important type of out-of-estuary attribute is the availability of public paths by which to access attractive features of the estuary environment. This paper values an improvement in the level of public access in the form of an additional nature trail along the banks of the Sundays River Estuary in the Eastern Cape, but does not compare this value with the costs. By means of choice experiment modelling analyses it is estimated that in 2010 the marginal willingness to pay for an investment in a nature trail was R34 per user per annum. In order to determine whether the development of this trail is efficient, this benefit (R34 per user per annum) needs to be compared to the cost of the development, an analysis that remains to be done. However, this finding does serve to provide guidance on how much funding could efficiently be allocated to such a development – about ZAR1.22 million, assuming a social discount rate of 8.38%.

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34

Muller, Cuen, Olaf LF Weyl, and Nadine A. Strydom. "Introduction, establishment and spread of the Southern mouthbrooder Pseudocrenilabrus philander in the Baakens River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Zoology 50, no. 3 (July 3, 2015): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2015.1058187.

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35

Wasserman, Ryan J., Tim J. F. Vink, Darragh J. Woodford, and P. William Froneman. "Spawning and nest guarding of the river goby (Glossogobius callidus) from the Eastern Cape province of South Africa." African Journal of Ecology 53, no. 4 (July 17, 2015): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12228.

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36

Weyl, P. SR, F. C. de Moor, M. P. Hill, and O. LF Weyl. "The effect of largemouth bassMicropterus salmoideson aquatic macro-invertebrate communities in the Wit River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 35, no. 3 (December 24, 2010): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2010.540776.

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37

Holmes, M., and JC Taylor. "Diatoms as water quality indicators in the upper reaches of the Great Fish River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 40, no. 4 (November 3, 2015): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2015.1086722.

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38

Hannweg, B., SM Marr, LE Bloy, and OLF Weyl. "Habitat utilisation of Pseudobarbus afer and Sandelia capensis in headwaters of the Swartkops River, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 45, no. 3 (June 12, 2020): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2020.1719815.

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39

Adams, Luther A., Gavin W. Maneveldt, Andrew Green, Natasha Karenyi, Denham Parker, Toufiek Samaai, and Sven Kerwath. "Rhodolith Bed Discovered off the South African Coast." Diversity 12, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12040125.

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Rhodolith beds have not previously been recorded in South Africa. A multidisciplinary research effort used remote sampling tools to survey the historically unexplored continental shelf off the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa. A rhodolith bed, bearing both living and dead non-geniculate coralline red algae, was discovered in the 30–65 m depth range off the Kei River mouth in the newly proclaimed Amathole Offshore Marine Protected Area. Some of the rhodolith forming coralline algal specimens were identified as belonging to at least three genera based on their morphology and anatomy, namely, Lithophyllum, Lithothamnion and a non-descript genus. Rhodolith mean mass and diameter were 44.85 g ± 34.22 g and 41.28 mm ± 10.67 mm (N = 13), respectively. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) imagery revealed a suite of epibenthic red macroalgae associated with the rhodolith bed. Taxonomy, vertical structure and distribution of rhodoliths in South Africa require further investigation.

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40

Clifford-Holmes, Jai K., Carolyn G. Palmer, Chris J. de Wet, and Jill H. Slinger. "Operational manifestations of institutional dysfunction in post-apartheid South Africa." Water Policy 18, no. 4 (January 29, 2016): 998–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2016.211.

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At the centre of the water law reform process initiated by the first democratic government of the Republic of South Africa (RSA) lay the challenge of transforming away from apartheid water injustices. Reform culminated in the promulgation of new legislation, regarded internationally as ambitious and forward-thinking legislation reflective of the broad aims of integrated water resource management (IWRM). However, implementation of this legislation has been challenging. This paper analyses institutional dysfunction in water management in the Sundays River Valley Municipality (Eastern Cape Province, RSA). A transdisciplinary approach is taken in addressing the failure of national law and policy to enable the delivery of effective water services in post-apartheid RSA. A case study is used to explore interventions to promote effective water supply, locating these interventions and policies within the legislative structures and frameworks governing the water sector. We suggest that fine-grained institutional analysis together with learning from persistent iterative, adaptive practice, with principled goals intact, offers a pragmatic and achievable alternative to grand-scale policy change.

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41

Adeniji, A. O., O. O. Okoh, and A. I. Okoh. "Petroleum Hydrocarbon Fingerprints of Water and Sediment Samples of Buffalo River Estuary in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2629365.

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Petroleum hydrocarbon status of the Buffalo River Estuary in East London, South Africa, was evaluated from January to May, 2016. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from five points in the estuary and extracted using standard methods. The extracts were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. Results showed that total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) varied from 7.65 to 477 μg/L in the water and 12.59 to 1,100 mg/kg in the sediments, with mean values of 146.50 ± 27.96 μg/L and 209.81 ± 63.82 mg/kg, respectively. Concentrations of TPH in the sediments correlated significantly with organic carbon (OC) in both seasons. TPH and OC levels were slightly lower in summer than in autumn in the two environmental matrices, and the average amount of TPH in the water samples collected from all the sampling stations was generally lower than the EU standard limit of 300 μg/L. However, the levels in the sediments exceeded the EGASPIN target value (50 mg/kg) for mineral oil but were below the intervention value (5,000 mg/kg), indicating a serious impact of industrial growth and urbanization on the area, although the n-alkane ratios and indexes used for source tracking revealed excessive flow from both natural and anthropogenic sources.

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PALMER, ROBERT, and JAY O'KEEFFE. "Distribution and abundance of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in relation to impoundments in the Buffalo River, eastern Cape, South Africa." Freshwater Biology 33, no. 1 (February 1995): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1995.tb00391.x.

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Chigor, Vincent N., and Anthony I. Okoh. "Quantitative Detection and Characterization of Human Adenoviruses in the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Food and Environmental Virology 4, no. 4 (October 18, 2012): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12560-012-9090-0.

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Sibanda, Timothy, Vincent N. Chigor, and Anthony I. Okoh. "Seasonal and spatio-temporal distribution of faecal-indicator bacteria in Tyume River in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185, no. 8 (December 18, 2012): 6579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-3048-4.

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Ballance, A., D. Stephenson, R. A. Chapman, and J. Muller. "A geographic information systems analysis of hydro power potential in South Africa." Journal of Hydroinformatics 2, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2000.0022.

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Electrification can reduce the dependence on combustible fuels and therefore also reduce the concomitant health risks. Hydro power is one possible method of generating electric power close to the potential consumers, thereby cutting out expensive reticulation costs in widely spread rural areas. For sustainable electricity generation there must be stream flows of sufficient flow rates down significant slopes. A preliminary assessment of hydro power potential in South Africa was undertaken by estimating actual energy potential calculated from digital maps of slope and runoff. Coefficients of variation and low flow indices proved good potential measures of flow variability and risk. The methodology allowed rapid identification of micro- and macro-hydro power potential. Micro-hydro power potential identification was calculated from run of river and local flow, while macro-hydro power generation needs storage and thus cumulative river flows were used. The steeper and more humid slopes of the eastern escarpment, and parts of the southern escarpment near Cape Town, showed the best potential for both micro- and macro-hydro power (with annual energy potential values in excess of 107 kWh yr−1 and 109 kWh yr−1, respectively). This preliminary assessment was intended to lead to further more detailed and in-field assessments of hydro power generating capacity.

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Froneman, P. W., J. D. Blake, and P. Hulley. "Aspects of population dynamics and feeding by piscivorous birds in the intermittently open Riet River estuary, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 36, no. 1 (April 2011): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2011.559706.

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Mofu, L., DJ Woodford, RJ Wasserman, T. Dalu, and OLF Weyl. "Diet of Glossogobius callidus (Teleostei: Gobiidae) in freshwater impoundments in the Sundays River Valley of the Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 44, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2019.1628701.

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Lent, Peter C., Henk Eshuis, Ralph Van Krimpen, and Willem F. De Boer. "Continued decline in tree euphorbias (Euphorbia tetragona and E. triangularis) on the Great Fish River Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Ecology 48, no. 4 (November 10, 2010): 923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01193.x.

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Palmer, Carolyn G., Brenton Maart, Anthony R. Palmer, and Jay H. O'Keeffe. "An assessment of macroinvertebrate functional feeding groups as water quality indicators in the Buffalo River, eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Hydrobiologia 318, no. 3 (February 1996): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00016677.

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Chakona, Gamuchirai, and Charlie Shackleton. "Food Taboos and Cultural Beliefs Influence Food Choice and Dietary Preferences among Pregnant Women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 5, 2019): 2668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112668.

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A well-nourished and healthy population is a central tenet of sustainable development. In South Africa, cultural beliefs and food taboos followed by some pregnant women influence their food consumption, which impacts the health of mothers and children during pregnancy and immediately afterwards. We documented food taboos and beliefs amongst pregnant isiXhosa women from five communities in the Kat River Valley, South Africa. A mixed-methods approach was used, which was comprised of questionnaire interviews with 224 women and nine focus group discussions with 94 participants. Overall, 37% of the women reported one or more food practices shaped by local cultural taboos or beliefs. The most commonly avoided foods were meat products, fish, potatoes, fruits, beans, eggs, butternut and pumpkin, which are rich in essential micronutrients, protein and carbohydrates. Most foods were avoided for reasons associated with pregnancy outcome, labour and to avoid an undesirable body form for the baby. Some pregnant women consumed herbal decoctions for strengthening pregnancy, facilitating labour and overall health of both themselves and the foetus. Most learnt of the taboos and practices from their own mother or grandmother, but there was also knowledge transmission in social groups. Some pregnant women in the study may be considered nutritionally vulnerable due to the likelihood of decreased intake of nutrient-rich foods resulting from cultural beliefs and food taboos against some nutritious foods. Encouraging such women to adopt a healthy diet with more protein-rich foods, vegetables and fruits would significantly improve maternal nutrition and children’s nutrition. Adhering to culturally appropriate nutrition education may be an important care practice for many pregnant women in the Kat River Valley.

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