Journal articles: 'Kruger National Park'

1

Carruthers, Jane. "Dissecting the myth: Paul Kruger and the Kruger National Park." Journal of Southern African Studies 20, no. 2 (June 1994): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057079408708399.

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Smith, K. L., V. DeVos, H. Bryden, L. B. Price, M. E. Hugh-Jones, and P. Keim. "Bacillus anthracis Diversity in Kruger National Park." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 10 (2000): 3780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.10.3780-3784.2000.

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The Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, has a recorded history of periodic anthrax epidemics causing widespread disease among wild animals. Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, a disease primarily affecting ungulate herbivores. Worldwide there is little diversity among B. anthracis isolates, but examination of variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci has identified six major clones, with the most dissimilar types split into the A and B branches. Both the A and B types are found in southern Africa, giving this region the greatest genetic diversity of B. anthracis worldwide. Consequently, southern Africa has been hypothesized to be the geographic origin of B. anthracis. In this study, we identify the genotypic types of 98 KNP B. anthracis isolates using multiple-locus VNTR analysis. Two major types are evident, the A branch and the B branch. The spatial and temporal distribution of the different genotypes indicates that anthrax epidemic foci are independent, though correlated through environmental cues. Kruger B isolates were found on significantly higher-calcium and higher-pH soils than were Kruger type A. This relationship between genotype and soil chemistry may be due to adaptive differences among divergent anthrax strains. While this association may be simply fortuitous, adaptation of A types to diverse environmental conditions is consistent with their greater geographic dispersal and genetic dissimilarity.

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Trollope, W. S. W., and A. L. F. Potgieter. "Fire behaviour in the Kruger National Park." Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 2, no. 2 (January 1985): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02566702.1985.9648000.

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Whyte, Ian, Rudi Aarde, and Stuart L. Pimm. "Managing the elephants of Kruger National Park." Animal Conservation 1, no. 2 (May 1998): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.1998.tb00014.x.

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Meskell, Lynn. "Archaeological ethnography: Conversations around Kruger National Park." Archaeologies 1, no. 1 (August 2005): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11759-005-0010-x.

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6

Van Riet, W. F., and J. Cooks. "Ecological planning proposal for Kruger National Park." Environmental Management 14, no. 3 (May 1990): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02394203.

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7

Botha, E., M. Saayman, and M. Kruger. "Clustering Kruger National Park visitors based on interpretation." South African Journal of Business Management 47, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v47i2.62.

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Interpretation is considered to be an important educational tool that not only addresses visitors’ expectations but also contributes to national parks’ conservation purposes. This study segmented the Kruger National Park’s visitors based on expected interpretation services and revealed four clusters that differed based on their expected and experienced interpretation services as well as their motivational aspects. This study’s distinct contribution is the alternative segmentation approach which revealed the viability of the expected interpretation variable to use for ecotourism segmentation purposes. This study not only assists the Kruger National Park to appropriately address interpretation services but also aids other ecotourism destinations.

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Glenn, Ian. "The Kruger Park and Jacob Dlamini’s Safari Nation: A Social History of the Kruger National Park." Critical Arts 35, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2021.1944241.

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9

HOOGEWERF, ANTONIA. "SAFARI THROUGH SOUTH AFRICA - II KRUGER NATIONAL PARK." Science and Culture 86, no. 5-6 (June 7, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.36094/sc.v86.2020.safari_south_africa.hoogewerf.175.

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Little, Rob M. "Guide to Birds of the Kruger National Park." Ostrich 88, no. 1 (December 17, 2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2016.1272038.

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Peel, Mike, John Peel, and Lucas Manaka. "Grasses of the Kruger National Park and Surrounding Bushveld." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 32, no. 3 (April 30, 2015): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2014.955879.

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12

Kruger, Martinette, Peet van der Merwe, Melville Saayman, and Elmarie Slabbert. "Understanding accommodation preferences of visitors to the Kruger National Park." Tourism and Hospitality Research 19, no. 2 (June 28, 2017): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358417715678.

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Accommodation plays such an important role in the tourist’s experience that one would imagine that many studies concerning this topic have been conducted. However, surprisingly, very few studies have focused on this subject despite the growth in both demand and supply. This gap or lack of research led to the present exploratory study that addressed the question: ‘What are visitors’ accommodation preferences when they select accommodation in the Kruger National Park?’ Based on a visitor survey in the Northern region of the Park during December 2015 where 294 fully completed questionnaires were administered, respondents were segmented based on their accommodation preferences (self-service, serviced and safari). Three distinct segments were identified, Self-service seekers, Servicescape seekers and Self-safari seekers. These segments differ regarding their socio-demographic characteristics and especially regarding the factors they regard as important when selecting accommodation and campsites. This was the first time that the accommodation preferences of visitors to the flagship national park in South Africa have been analysed. The results demonstrated that while visitors to the Kruger National Park appear homogeneous regarding their demographic profile, they differ significantly when it comes to accommodation needs and preferences. The findings from the research are valuable to park management, especially when developing and expanding accommodation options in the park as it shows the preferences of each distinct market. This research furthermore contributes to the current literature regarding ecotourism and ecotourists’ accommodation preferences.

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Klein, Benjamin. "Safari Nation: A Social History of the Kruger National Park." South African Historical Journal 73, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2021.1895879.

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Thompsell, Angela. "Safari Nation: A Social History of the Kruger National Park." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 56, no. 1 (December 8, 2021): 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2021.2000138.

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15

Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo, Wijnand J. Swart, and Pedro W. Crous. "New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa." MycoKeys 34 (June 1, 2018): 63–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974.

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Three new Fusarium species, F.convolutans, F.fredkrugeri, and F.transvaalense (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Nectriaceae) are described from soils collected in a catena landscape on a research supersite in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. The new taxa, isolated from the rhizosphere of three African herbaceous plants, Kyphocarpaangustifolia, Melhaniaacuminata, and Sidacordifolia, are described and illustrated by means of morphological and multilocus molecular analyses based on sequences from five DNA loci (CAL, EF-1 α, RPB1, RPB2 and TUB). According to phylogenetic inference based on Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian approaches, the newly discovered species are distributed in the Fusariumbuharicum, F.fujikuroi, and F.sambucinum species complexes.

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16

Durrheim, David N., Leo Braack, Douw Grobler, Helena Bryden, Rick Speare, and Peter A. Leggat. "Safety of Travel in South Africa: The Kruger National Park." Journal of Travel Medicine 8, no. 4 (March 8, 2006): 176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7060.2001.24239.

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17

Peter, T. F., N. R. Bryson, B. D. Perry, C. J. O'Callagan, G. F. Medley, G. E. Smith, G. Mlambo, I. G. Horak, M. J. Burridge, and S. M. Mahan. "Cowdria ruminantium infection in ticks in the Kruger National Park." Veterinary Record 145, no. 11 (September 11, 1999): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.145.11.304.

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18

Watson, R. T. "POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE BATELEUR IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK." Ostrich 61, no. 1-2 (December 1990): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1990.9633931.

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19

Yessoufou, Kowiyou. "Potential carbon stock in the Kruger National Park, South Africa." Botany Letters 164, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2017.1383306.

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20

Edkins, M. T., L. M. Kruger, K. Harris, and J. J. Midgley. "Baobabs and elephants in Kruger National Park: nowhere to hide." African Journal of Ecology 46, no. 2 (June 2008): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00798.x.

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21

Foxcroft, Llewellyn C., and Stefanie Freitag-Ronaldson. "Seven decades of institutional learning: managing alien plant invasions in the Kruger National Park, South Africa." Oryx 41, no. 2 (April 2007): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307001871.

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AbstractLong-term ecological and economic sustainability will ultimately determine the outcome of any conservation management programme. Invasive alien plants, first recorded in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, in 1937, are now recognized as one of the greatest threats to the biodiversity of this Park. Such plants have been managed in the Park since 1956, with control advancing mainly through a process of trial and error. Refinement of invasive plant management strategies has resulted in an understanding of the target plants' biology and ecology, herbicide use and herbicide-plant interactions, as well as the plant-insect interactions of biological control. Careful integration of different control methods has proved essential to ensure the most appropriate use of techniques to deliver the best possible results from the resources available and achieve long-term sustainability. We outline the development of control efforts and current control programmes and the process of their incorporation into the institutional memory of Kruger National Park over the last 7 decades.

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22

D'Souza, Michelle L., Michelle van der Bank, Zandisile Shongwe, Ryan D. Rattray, Ross Stewart, Johandré van Rooyen, Danny Govender, and Paul D. N. Hebert. "Biodiversity baselines: Tracking insects in Kruger National Park with DNA barcodes." Biological Conservation 256 (April 2021): 109034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109034.

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23

Venter, F. J., and A. R. Deacon. "Managing rivers for conservation and ecotourism in the Kruger National Park." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0610.

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Six major rivers flow through the Kruger National Park (KNP). All these rivers originate outside and to the west of the KNP and are highly utilized. They are crucially important for the conservation of the unique natural environments of the KNP. The human population growth in the Lowveld during the past two decades brought with it the rapid expansion of irrigation farming, exotic afforestation and land grazed by domestic stock, as well as the establishment of large towns, mines, dams and industries. Along with these developments came overgrazing, erosion, over-utilization and pollution of rivers, as well as clearing of indigenous forests from large areas outside the borders of the KNP. Over-utilization of the rivers which ultimately flow through the KNP poses one of the most serious challenges to the KNP's management. This paper gives the background to the development in the catchments and highlights the problems which these have caused for the KNP. Management actions which have been taken as well as their results are discussed and solutions to certain problems proposed. Three rivers, namely the Letaba, Olifants and Sabie are respectively described as examples of an over-utilized river, a polluted river and a river which is still in a fairly good condition.

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24

Pienaar, D. J., J. du P. Bothma, and G. K. Theron. "White rhinoceros range size in the south-western Kruger National Park." Journal of Zoology 229, no. 4 (April 1993): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb02661.x.

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25

Campbell, G. D. "Studies on Mycotoxins in the Kruger National Park Region, Eastern Transvaal." Nutrition and Health 12, no. 2 (January 1998): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010609801200206.

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26

Shaw, Mark, and Julian Rademeyer. "A Flawed War: Rethinking ‘Green Militarisation’ in the Kruger National Park." Politikon 43, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589346.2016.1201379.

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27

Skinner, J. D., J. R. Henschel, and A. S. van Jaarsveld. "Bone-collecting habits of spotted hyaenasCrocuta crocutain the Kruger National Park." South African Journal of Zoology 21, no. 4 (January 1986): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1986.11448003.

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28

Kruger, Martinette, Armand Viljoen, and Melville Saayman. "Who visits the Kruger National Park, and why? identifying target markets." Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 34, no. 3 (April 14, 2016): 312–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1156618.

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29

Mphepya, J. N., C. Galy-Lacaux, J. P. Lacaux, G. Held, and J. J. Pienaar. "Precipitation Chemistry and Wet Deposition in Kruger National Park, South Africa." Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 53, no. 2 (February 2006): 169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10874-005-9005-7.

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30

Rodwell, Timothy C., Nick P. Kriek, Roy G. Bengis, Ian J. Whyte, Petri C. Viljoen, Valerius de Vos, and Walter M. Boyce. "PREVALENCE OF BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS IN AFRICAN BUFFALO AT KRUGER NATIONAL PARK." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 37, no. 2 (April 2001): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-37.2.258.

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31

Maruping-Mzileni, N. T., P. J. Funston, and S. M. Ferreira. "State-shifts of lion prey selection in the Kruger National Park." Wildlife Research 44, no. 1 (2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16090.

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Aims Indicators of pending state-shifts carry value for policy makers. Predator–prey relations reflect key ecological processes that shape ecosystems. Variance in predator–prey relations may serve as a key indicator of future state-shifts. Methods Lion (Panthera leo) diet in the Kruger National Park was evaluated as such an indicator. Over the three-decade time span reviewed, variance in diet in relation to rainfall, prey abundance, management strategies and disease emergence were reviewed. Key results Rainfall patterns, both seasonal and cyclical, were identified as key drivers of predator–prey selection. However, the intensity of management in the form of artificial waterpoints overrode and confounded natural process. The results suggest that savanna systems are stable and punctuated by climatic events in the form of extreme above-average rainfall that temporarily destabilises the system. However, droughts are a cyclical part of the savanna system. Conclusion Lion prey selection did fluctuate with changing environmental conditions. Abrupt state shifts did occur; however, the ecosystem returned to a stable state. Implications State shifts in ecosystems pose key challenges to conservation managers. State shifts appear to be primarily associated with management interventions and environmental factors.

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32

Ivancic, Paul C., and Chun-Yi Sun. "Hippopotamuses at Dawn in Lake Panic, Kruger National Park, South Africa." Spine 34, no. 21 (October 2009): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000361527.68069.94.

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33

Purdon, A., and R. J. van Aarde. "Water provisioning in Kruger National Park alters elephant spatial utilisation patterns." Journal of Arid Environments 141 (June 2017): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.01.014.

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34

Matshusa, Khodani, Llewellyn Leonard, and Peta Thomas. "Challenges of Geotourism in South Africa: A Case Study of the Kruger National Park." Resources 10, no. 11 (October 21, 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10110108.

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As a new phenomenon, geotourism research is on the rise. Although South Africa has some interesting geoheritage sites, not much has been done to investigate the potential contribution of geotourism to the tourism sector, the protection of natural resources and employment generation, let alone the challenges that may be experienced in promoting geotourism. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the concept of geotourism and to identify the challenges of geotourism. It achieves this by looking at the case of the Kruger National Park, one of the largest game reserves in Africa, containing an abundance of geotourism sites. This research adopted a qualitative approach, with data collection involving semi-structured interviews with sixteen key informants to understand the challenges of geotourism. Manual content analysis was employed for analysing the data. A significant finding was that there were seven potential challenges in promoting and developing geotourism in the Kruger National Park: (1) a lack of packaging and marketing; (2) a lack of infrastructure; (3) security and access to geoheritage sites by tourists; (4) access to finance and markets; (5) destruction of geoheritage sites; (6) social challenges and (7) regulatory challenges. The results indicated that these challenges of geotourism can lead to negative perceptions about geotourism and can negatively impact the potential for geotourism development towards effective local social sustainability, especially for communities abutting the KNP. The major contribution of this study is its expansion of the geotourism academic literature through newly generated data on the challenges of geotourism in South Africa. Furthermore, this study theoretically contributes to the body of knowledge on geotourism and its challenges in Africa, particularly regarding the Kruger National Park.

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35

Farrell, Maxwell J., Danny Govender, Mehrdad Hajibabaei, Michelle van der Bank, and T. Jonathan Davies. "Bacterial diversity in the waterholes of the Kruger National Park: an eDNA metabarcoding approach." Genome 62, no. 3 (March 2019): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0064.

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Bacteria are essential components of natural environments. They contribute to ecosystem functioning through roles as mutualists and pathogens for larger species, and as key components of food webs and nutrient cycles. Bacterial communities respond to environmental disturbances, and the tracking of these communities across space and time may serve as indicators of ecosystem health in areas of conservation concern. Recent advances in DNA sequencing of environmental samples allow for rapid and culture-free characterization of bacterial communities. Here we conduct the first metabarcoding survey of bacterial diversity in the waterholes of the Kruger National Park, South Africa. We show that eDNA can be amplified from waterholes and find strongly structured microbial communities, likely reflecting local abiotic conditions, animal ecology, and anthropogenic disturbance. Over timescales from days to weeks we find increased turnover in community composition, indicating bacteria may represent host-associated taxa of large vertebrates visiting the waterholes. Through taxonomic annotation we also identify pathogenic taxa, demonstrating the utility of eDNA metabarcoding for surveillance of infectious diseases. These samples serve as a baseline survey of bacterial diversity in the Kruger National Park, and in the future, spatially distinct microbial communities may be used as markers of ecosystem disturbance, or biotic homogenization across the park.

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36

Murn, Campbell, Leigh Combrink, G. Scott Ronaldson, Charles Thompson, and André Botha. "Population estimates of three vulture species in Kruger National Park, South Africa." Ostrich 84, no. 1 (January 25, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2012.757253.

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37

Wolhuter, Julie, Roy G. Bengis, Brian K. Reilly, and Paul C. Cross. "Clinical Demodicosis in African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the Kruger National Park." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 45, no. 2 (April 2009): 502–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-45.2.502.

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38

Ferreira, Sam M., Cathy C. Greaver, and Mike H. Knight. "Assessing the Population Performance of the Black Rhinoceros in Kruger National Park." South African Journal of Wildlife Research 41, no. 2 (October 2011): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3957/056.041.0206.

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39

"Kruger National Park, South Africa." Archives of Internal Medicine 171, no. 4 (February 28, 2011): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.38.

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40

Underhill, Les, Megan Loftie-Eaton, and Rene Navarro. "Odonata of the Kruger National Park." Biodiversity Observations 9 (November 13, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/bo.v9i0.634.

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The number of species of dragonflies and damselflies recorded in the Kruger National, South Africa, was 103 in April 2018. This figure was based on a database containing 2,817 records of Odonata, made since 1980, from the 52 quarter degree grid cells which intersect with the Kruger National Park. Records were available for 41 of the 52 grid cells. The most frequently recorded species were Red-veined Dropwing Trithemis arteriosa (167 records) and the Orange-veined Dropwing Trithemis kirbyi (144 records), both recorded in 33 grid cells, and Southern Banded Groundling Brachythemis leucosticta (175 records) and Broad Scarlet (141 records) both in 29 grid cells. Based on records up to April 2018, the median date of the most recent record for species was September 2017, so that half of the 103 species had been recorded during summer 2017/18. This report could be used to motivate the proclamation of the river and wetland systems of the Kruger National Park as a “Wetland of International Importance” in terms of the Ramsar Convention. Two-thirds of the Odonata of South Africa, and one-eighth of the Odonata of Africa, have been recorded in the Kruger National Park.

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41

Joubert, S. C. J. "The Kruger National Park - An Introduction." Koedoe 29, no. 1 (December 1, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v29i1.516.

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The salient features of the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa, are presented. The natural attributes of the area are discussed, its developmental history as a conservation area presented while an overview is given of managerial strategies, tourism and administration.

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Botha, Annelize, and J. Heyns. "Aporcelaimidae (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from the Kruger National Park." Koedoe 33, no. 2 (September 25, 1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v33i2.439.

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This paper deals with Aporcelaimidae from the central part of the Kruger National Park. Five new species are described, viz.Aporcelaimus pseudospiralis n.sp., Aporcelaimellus adriaani n.sp., Aporcelaimellus micropunctatus n.sp., Aporcelaimellus parapapillatusn.sp. and Tubixaba minima n.sp. Two further species are recorded and their biometric data tabulated: Makatinus macropunctatus Heyns, 1967 and Tubixaba parva Pretorius, Kruger & Heyns 1987.

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Botha, Annelize, and J. Heyns. "Dorylaimoidea (Nematoda) from the Kruger National Park." Koedoe 33, no. 2 (September 25, 1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v33i2.440.

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Nygolaimus elainnae n.sp. is described and compared with Nygolaimus directus Heyns, 1968. Complete descriptions are also given of Lahronema mauritiense Williams, 1959, recorded here for the first time from South Africa, and Discolaimium sublatum Heyns, 1963, a new record from the Kruger National Park. The following are also new records: Discolaimus monoplanus Heyns, 1963 andXiphinema brevicolle Lordello & Da Costa, 1961, while Eudorylaimus diadematus (Cobb in Thorne & Swanger, 1936) ndrassy, 1959, Discolaimus major Thorne, \939,Xiphinemaelongatum Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938 SindXiphinemavariahile Heyns, 1966 have been recorded from the Park before.

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44

Engelbrecht, W. G., and P. T. Van der Walt. "Notes on the economic use of the Kruger National Park." Koedoe 36, no. 2 (September 25, 1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v36i2.380.

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In an economic analysis the present use of the most important national park in South Africa, (Kruger National Park) is compared with the use of the same land for agricultural purposes. The present use of the Kruger National Park creates substantially more net social benefits to society than agricultural use. The question remains whether these benefits are equitably distributed at various levels of the South African society.

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Branch, W. R., and H. H. Braack. "Another reptile translocation to a national park." Koedoe 33, no. 1 (October 24, 1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v33i1.457.

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On 4 May 1988 a sub-adult (50 mm snout-vent length, 42 mm tail) Jones' girdled lizard Cordylus tropidosternum jonesi was collected in a pile of wood being off-loaded at the new restcamp in the Karoo National Park, Beaufort West. The wood had been transported by lorry from the Kruger National Park. The specimen is deposited in the herpetological collection of the Port Elizabeth Museum (PEM R 4584). Jones' girdled lizard is a small, arboreal cordylid that shelters under tree bark and in hollow logs. It is common and widely-distributed in the Kruger National Park (Pienaar, Haacke & Jacobsen 1983, The Reptiles of the Kruger National Park, 3rd edition. Pretoria: National Parks Board) and adjacent lowveld, being replaced in northern Zimbabwe and East Africa by the nominate race. Hewitt & Power (1913, Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 3: 147-176, 1913) reported a similar translocation of the species to Kimberley in association with timber brought to the diamond mining camps. One of us noted recently the ease and danger of the unwitting spread of commensal reptile species into conservation areas (Branch 1978, Koedoe 30: 165), and this is confirmed by this additional example. We recommend that should similar shipments of wood be considered essential, then they be fumigated to prevent the translocation of other alien organisms that may potentially have more dangerous consequences.

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Van der Merwe, Peet, and Melville Saayman. "Travel motivations of tourists visiting Kruger National Park." Koedoe 50, no. 1 (May 21, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v50i1.140.

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The Kruger National Park (KNP) one of the largest conservation areas in South Africa, attracts in excess of one million visitors a year and is regarded as an icon destination in international tourism. Since this park attracts more tourists than any other park in South Africa, the purpose of this article is to determine the reasons (the travel motives) why tourists visit the park. Little research has been done on travel motives to national parks and this was the first of its kind in South Africa. The research was conducted by means of questionnaires. A factor analysis was used to determine the travel motives. Six factors were identified, namely nature, activities, attractions, nostalgia, novelty and escape from routine. Some of these motives were confirmed by similar research in other countries, although the similarities are not significant. This research confirmed that different attractions and destinations fed different travel motives, hence the need for more studies of this nature to be conducted.

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47

Moustakas, Aristides. "Mammal remains at Kruger National Park, South Africa." Frontiers of Biogeography 2, no. 2 (April 12, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.21425/f5fbg12324.

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48

Schutte, I. C. "The General Geology of the Kruger National Park." Koedoe 29, no. 1 (December 1, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v29i1.517.

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Geological units and new data gathered during regional mapping of the Kruger National Park are summarised. A simplified geological map is presented in conjunction with this paper. A large number of new geological formations have been recognised in the course of this regional mapping and new names have been proposed for these units. Some of these names have not yet been officially recognised by the South African Committee for Stratigraphy (SACS). On-going work by the Geological Survey and other organisations is likely to lead to further additions to and refinement of the data presented in this paper. The Goudplaats and Makhutswi Gneisses are the oldest rocks known in the park. They form the sialic basement of the various greenstone belts represented by the Murchison and Barberton sequences. The age relations of the Orpen Gneiss* have not yet been established. Tonalitic and trondjemitic gneisses constitute the first phase of intrusion of the Nelspruit Granite Suite. The Shamiriri, Macetse* and Baderoukwe Granites, and the Cunning Moor Tonalite* intrudes rocks of Swazian age during the succeeding Randian Erathem. At the commencement of the Mokolian Erathem syenite of the Phalaborwa Complex intruded the Makhutswi Gneiss. Subsequently extrusion of lavas and deposition of sediments of the Soutpansberg Group of Mokolian age took place in a fault-bounded trough in the northern part of the park. Diabase intruded the Group in the form of sills. Pre-Karoo dykes of various ages occur throughout the area. The Timbavati Gabbro represents the youngest Pre-Karoo intrusion. The Late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic Karoo Sequence extends from north to south along the eastern edge of the park and consists of sedimentary rocks overlain by basalt and rhyolite. The last phase of Karoo volcanism is represented by granophyre, gabbro and microgranite. The sedimentary Malvernia Formation of Cretaceous age unconformably overlies the basalt in the northern part of the park. Quarternary surficial deposits blanket the older rocks in places. * Not yet approved by SACS.

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Walraven, F. "The Timbavati Gabbro of the Kruger National Park." Koedoe 29, no. 1 (December 1, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v29i1.521.

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The structure, geochemistry and isotope geochemistry of the Timbavati Gabbro, a suite of basic, intrusive sills located within and outside the Kruger National Park, are discussed. The available information is integrated into a single genetic model for the Timbavati intrusions @ this model involves melting of upper mantle material and accumulation of the magma in an intermediate magma chamber from which batches of magma escaped at various times to form the different phases of the Timbavati Gabbro. Both fractional crystallisation and assimilation of country rock played a part in the geochemical evolution of the Timbavati Gabbro. The age of the Timbavati Gabbro appears to be quite young, predating the rocks of the Karoo Sequence by a relatively short time.

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50

Roome, H. "Blackchested Prinia Prinia flavicans in Breeding Plumage at Satara, Kruger National Park." Koedoe 31, no. 1 (October 24, 1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v31i1.496.

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On 8 October 1986 a pair of Blackchested Prinia Prinia flavicans in breeding plumage was observed in the camping area of Satara Rest Camp, Kruger National Park. Playing and replaying a tape recording of the call of a Pearlspotted Owl Glaucidium perlatum, in order to see what avian activity would be aroused, the recording attracted Blackeyed Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus, Whitebellied Sunbird Nectarinia talatala and Tawnyflanked Prinia Prinia subflava, in addition to the pair of Blackchested Prinia, all highly excited and in search of the intruding Pearlspotted Owl. The birds homed in on the source of the call and all species were observed from a distance of some 2 m-3 m. Although recorded previously from the Kruger National Park (Newman 1980, Birds of Southern Africa 1: Kruger National Park, Johannesburg: Macmillan) in non-breeding plumage and also referred to by Milstein & Milstein (1981, Koedoe 24: 109-117) as a species which they probably observed near Punda Milia (in winter plumage), the Blackchested Prinia recorded at Satara were most obliging and it was possible to positively identify the presence of this species in the Kruger National Park in its breeding plumage.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Kruger National Park'

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