Relevant bibliographies by topics / Kyrgyz

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Kyrgyz'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Kyrgyz"

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Mokeev, Anvarbek, Kairat Belek, and Nursultan Abdimitalip Uulu. "Influence and Traces of Buddhism on Traditional Beliefs of the Kyrgyz People." Belleten 89, no. 314 (2025): 79–99. https://doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2025.079.

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While Shamanism predominantly shaped the spiritual life of the Ancient Türks, Buddhism, as the first religion to spread among them, also exerted a significant influence in later periods. Although Buddhism waned among the ancient Türks and the Kyrgyz, it left traces within the boundaries of Turkestan, eventually fading among the contemporary Kyrgyz. The Buddhist inscriptions discovered in the Tian-Shan region and the beliefs associated with Buddhism in Kyrgyz history have been relatively understudied until recently. The introduction provides a brief history of Buddhism’s expansion into Central
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Konurbayeva, Roza E. "Terminology of traditional food products in Altai and Kyrgyz languages: lexical-semantic analysis." Historical Ethnology 8, no. 3 (2023): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/he.2023-8-3.341-352.

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The purpose of the study is to compare the vocabulary related to traditional nutrition in the Altai and Kyrgyz languages. It is based on linguistic materials collected by the author among residents of the villages of the Altai Republic: Kaspa, Shyrgaity of the Shebalinsk District; Kyrlyk, Mondur-Sokkon, Kan-Oozy of the Ust-Kansk District; Yabogan, Yelo, Kulady, Bichiktu-Boom, and Kӱpchegen of the Onguday District. Their analysis revealed many lexical and semantic similarities in the Altai and Kyrgyz languages. This is especially noticeable in the names of meat dishes. The coincidences are expl
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Темиралиева, Г. Т., та Ш. А. Кушубакова. "НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ В ИЗУЧЕНИИ ИСТОРИИ КЫРГЫЗСКОГО ЯЗЫКА". НАУКА, НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ИННОВАЦИИ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА, № 7 (30 вересня 2023): 235–38. https://doi.org/10.26104/nntik.2023.17.99.048.

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Для кыргызского народа с древнейших времен родной язык является средством наследования последних поколений. Являясь социальным явлением, возникновение и развитие язы­ка связано с развитием общества. Поэтому история кыргыз­ско­го языка и его письменности должна изучаться в не­­­­по­сред­ственной связи с историей кыргызского народа. Кыргызы относятся к тюркоязычным народам, наиболее наз­ван­­н­ым древними. Соответственно, древним является и его язык. В настоящее время часто поднимаются вопросы о фор­ми­­­ро­ва­нии и дальнейшем развитии кыргызского языка. Ведь гла­­ва страны придает большое значе
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Manuilova, Natalie, Anh Nguyen, and Erkeaim Shambetova. "Kyrgyz Republic." Selected Issues Papers 2025, no. 083 (2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9798229014045.018.

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State-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the Kyrgyz Republic play a significant role in the economy but also present potential fiscal risks. This paper assesses these risks through both aggregate and firm-level lenses. At the aggregate level, the total amount of liabilities of largest SOEs liabilities amounted to approximately 25 percent of GDP, raising concerns about contingent fiscal liabilities. The firm-level assessment based on key financial indicators - profitability, solvency, and liquidity- confirms vulnerabilities, particularly among large SOEs in the energy sector, where low profitability l
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Tagaev, Mamed. "Russian and Kyrgyz Languages in Virtual Space and Social Networks of Kyrgyzstan." Virtual Communication and Social Networks 3, no. 4 (2024): 404–14. https://doi.org/10.21603/2782-4799-2024-3-4-404-414.

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The Kyrgyz sector of the Internet relies both on Russian and Kyrgyz. The research objective was to identify the roles of Russian and Kyrgyz in the Kyrgyz Internet space, including social networks. Although the Russian language remains the main meta-language of digital communication support in Kyrgyzstan, it serves as an engine of promoting Kyrgyz as a state language. The study revealed the major problem in the use of the Kyrgyz language in the digital space: it simply has no linguistic resources to describe this sphere of life. Most Kyrgyz citizens are bilingual, and they prefer to use Russian
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Karataev, Olzhobai. "HISTORY OF SETTLEMENT AND ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE KYRGYZ ON THE TERRITORY OF MODERN UZBEKISTAN (Andijan, Namangan, Fergana regions)." Kazakh history 2, no. 2 (2024): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.62183/2024-2-2-4-13.

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The scientific article discusses data on Kyrgyz people living outside the territory of Kyr¬gyzstan in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Their localization, distribution and settlement areas of the Kyrgyz in the Ferghana Valley, tribal composition, material and spiritual cultures are studied. For the analysis, scientific, scientific and statistical materials were used on the number and settlement of Kyrgyz in the Ferghana Valley. Ethnocultural ties of the Kyrgyz people with other Turkic-speaking peoples have also been studied. The article examines historical data about Kyrgyz living outside the terri
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Ismailova, R. "On Some Principles of Translating the Poetry by A. S. Pushkin in Kyrgyz Literature." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 11 (November 15, 2023): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/96/65.

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The article deals with the development of the practice of Kyrgyz translation of the works of the great Russian poet A. S. Pushkin. The problem of intercultural interaction between different peoples is one of the most pressing today. Studying the reception of creativity by A. S. Pushkin in Kyrgyz culture helps to strengthen ties between the Russian and Kyrgyz peoples and allows us to identify the main difficulties that Kyrgyz translators face when turning to the artistic heritage of the Russian poet. Considering the importance for Kyrgyz culture, the question of the position and role of Russian
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Karataeva, S. "The Yenisei Script as a Historical Source in the Study of the Kyrgyz Language." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 4 (2021): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/65/55.

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The purpose of this article can be described as a scientific review of the Yenisei script as a source in the study of the history of the Kyrgyz language. The Yenisei (Kyrgyz) script provided an opportunity to preserve and pass on to posterity reliable facts about significant milestones in the history of the Kyrgyz and Kyrgyz statehood. The high level of farming and the state structure of the Kyrgyz people fully corresponded to their written culture. The Yenisei script can be recognized as an indicator of the high culture of the Yenisei Kyrgyz. Undoubtedly, the Yenisei script played a huge role
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Imankulov, T. "Liquidation of the System for Prevention of Crimes and Administrative Offenses, Lack of Actual Compositions of Crimes as a Consequence of Action of the Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic no. 10 from January 1, 2019." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 8 (2021): 294–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/69/34.

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The author, being a participant in the process of reforming the Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, offers his own ways out of the crisis situation in the field of combating crime in the Kyrgyz Republic, when due to the new Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on misconduct, the Code of the Kyrgyz Republic on violations of law enforcement agencies The Kyrgyz Republic turned out to be powerless in the face of crime, lost the opportunity to prevent crimes by means of administrative prejudice in the criminal law of the Kyrgyz Republic. The author, using specific
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Borubashov, B. I. "STATE OF THE KYRGYZ IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES." Russian-Asian Legal Journal, no. 3 (November 11, 2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ralj(2021)3.8.

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The article deals with the evolution of the political and legal system of the Kyrgyz society during theEarly Middle Ages. In the 6th century, the Khagyas (Kyrgyz) State was formed on the Yenisei River on thebasis of the unification of the Altai and Yenisei Kyrgyz tribes. The IX-beginning of the X century — the periodof the greatest growth of the power of the Kyrgyz power was called the “Kyrgyz Great Power”.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kyrgyz"

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Smart, Jason Jay. "Russian Influence and Kyrgyz Weakness: A Realist Understanding of Kyrgyz National Interest." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24761.

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This thesis explores whether the Kyrgyz Republic has operated in its national interest during the post-September 11, 2001 era by examining the Kyrgyz government’s decisions in the cases of the American and Russian military installations leased within Kyrgyzstan. It uses a Realist approach to “national interest” and explains whether and how the Kyrgyz Republic’s decisions increased its defense capabilities, improved its financial situation and created a better political environment in which to operate. The study employed news sources in English and Russian, recently released U.S. State Departme
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Kuchumkulova, Elmira M. "Kyrgyz nomadic customs and the impact of re-Islamization after independence /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10840.

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Toktomushev, Kemel. "Regime security and Kyrgyz foreign policy." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16245.

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This thesis presents a comprehensive study of Kyrgyz foreign policy from the early 1990s to 2011. It seeks to answer the following research question: how and to what extent does regime security affect Kyrgyz foreign policymaking? In so doing, this work aims to contribute to the understanding of Central Asian politics and the foreign policy sources of weak states across the post-Soviet space. The underlying theme of this dissertation is centred on the question whether neorealist or constructivist traditions provide a more in-depth account of the erratic Kyrgyz foreign policymaking. Notwithstand
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Crewett, Wibke. "Decentralization in the Kyrgyz agricultural sector." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17582.

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Seit der Unabhängigkeit der zentralasiatischen Republik Kirgisistan haben Politik, Verwaltung und Ökonomie verschiedene Formen von Dezentralisierung erfahren. Diese Dissertation umfasst fünf Essays, die die Dezentralisierung im landwirtschafltichen Sektor aus institutionenökonomischer Sicht untersuchen. Die ersten zwei Essays geben detaillierte Einblicke in die institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen von Dezentralisierung und beurteilen ihrer Wirkung in Hinblick auf Serviceverfügbarkeit und -qualität in dörflichen Gemeinden. Die folgenden drei Essays untersuchen, anhand einzelner und multipler Fall
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Wood, Thomas J. C. "The formation of Kyrgyz foreign policy 1991-2004 /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2005.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2005.<br>Chair: Andrew Hess. Submitted to the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 362-370). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Macaulay, Euan. "The orogenic evolution of the Central Kyrgyz Tien Shan." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/6898/.

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Intra-continental mountain belts typically form as a result of tectonic forces associated with distant plate collisions. In general, each mountain belt has a distinctive morphology and orogenic evolution that is highly dependent on the unique distribution and geometries of inherited structures and other crustal weaknesses. In this thesis, I have investigated the complex and irregular Cenozoic orogenic evolution of the Central Kyrgyz Tien Shan in Central Asia, which is presently one of the most active intra-continental mountain belts in the world. This work involved combining a broad array o
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Thompson, Stephen C. "Active tectonics in the central Tien Shan, Kyrgyz Republic /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6744.

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Pritchard, Maureen Elizabeth Christine. "Legends borne by life myth, grieving and the circulation of knowledge within Kyrgyz contexts /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243965149.

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Gullette, David Cameron. "Kinship, state, and 'tribalism' : the genealogical construction of the Kyrgyz Republic." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252029.

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Sarkeyeva, Rosanna. "Kyrgyz energy policy in transition : price reforms and residential electricity demand." Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487238.

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In the transition from a centrally planned system to a market economy many former socialist economies launched comprehensive reforms that involved liberalising energy markets. The extent to which energy utilities have been liheralised differs from country to country; in the case of Kyrgyzstan there are still many indications of market distortions due to the persistence of the soft budget constraints. In this context this study investigates possible effects of electricity price reforms on overall welfare, which includes the analysis of electricity demand elasticities, substitutability of electr
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Books on the topic "Kyrgyz"

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I͡U︡dakhin, K. K. b. 1890., ed. Kyrgyz: Kyrgyz-English/English-Kyrgyz dictionary : glossary of terms. Hippocrene Books, 1998.

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Sydykov, Osmonaaly. "Mukhtasar tarikh Kyrgyzia" ; "Tarikh kyrgyz Shadmania". "Turar", 2014.

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Manapbaev, Kubanychbek. Kyrgyz ėlinde kelechek barby?: Kyrgyz mentaliteti. Salam, 2013.

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Dyĭkanbaeva, Aĭgerim. Kyrgyz ulamyshtary. [s.n.], 2005.

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Zhorupbekov, Satylgan. Kyrgyz kim? [publisher not identified], 2003.

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compiler, Moldokanov Aaly, ed. Kyrgyz zholu. Kamilla print, 2018.

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C, Odling-Smee J., Keller Peter 1946-, and International Monetary Fund, eds. Kyrgyz Republic. International Monetary Fund, 1993.

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Imanaliev, Musaly Imanalievich. Kyrgyz sanzhyrasy. "Sham" basmasy, 1995.

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Zhorupbekov, Satylgan. Kyrgyz Kim? Maxprint, 2013.

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Aĭtymbetov, Orozbek. Kara kyrgyz. Katagan, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kyrgyz"

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Kuehnast, Kathleen. "Kyrgyz." In Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender. Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29907-6_59.

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Mugnier, Clifford J. "Kyrgyz Republic." In Coordinate Systems of the World. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003307785-109.

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Gaüzère, David. "The kyrgyz domino." In L’Asie-Monde – III. CNRS Éditions, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/11zzb.

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Browne, Stephen. "The Kyrgyz Republic1." In Developing Capacity Through Technical Cooperation. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003579830-8.

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Griadasova, Anastasia, and Emilbek Dzhuraev. "Kyrgyz Parties in Quicksand." In Money Rules: Parties, Oligarchs and Funding Regulation in Post-Soviet Countries. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003272236-8.

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Schröder, Philipp. "The Kyrgyz Middleman Game." In Translocality, Entrepreneurship and Middle Class Across Eurasia. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032657332-8.

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Kozhokulov, Sadyrbek, Gulnura Issanova, and Xi Chen. "Tourism Potential and Zoning: Categories and Types of Tourism." In Tourism in the Kyrgyz Republic. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82950-6_5.

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Kozhokulov, Sadyrbek, Gulnura Issanova, and Xi Chen. "Conclusions and Recommendations for Tourism Development." In Tourism in the Kyrgyz Republic. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82950-6_9.

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Kozhokulov, Sadyrbek, Gulnura Issanova, and Xi Chen. "Ecological Problems in the Issyk-Kul Region." In Tourism in the Kyrgyz Republic. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82950-6_8.

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Kozhokulov, Sadyrbek, Gulnura Issanova, and Xi Chen. "Specially Protected Natural Areas as a Resource for Ecological Tourism in Kyrgyzstan." In Tourism in the Kyrgyz Republic. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82950-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Kyrgyz"

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Jumashev, Murat, Gulnura Dzhumalieva, Aikokul Tashpulatova, Turgunbek Omurkanov, Jonathan North Washington, and Aida Kasieva. "Vector Embeddings and Signal Phrases for Word-Sense Disambiguation in Kyrgyz." In 2024 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Problems of Informatics, Electronics and Radio Engineering (PIERE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/piere62470.2024.10804900.

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Murzakmetov, A. K., and M. T. Tabaldieva. "KYRGYZ-BURYAT FOLKLORE PARALLELS." In Международная научная конференция "Мир Центральной Азии-V", посвященная 100-летию Института монголоведения,буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук. Сибирское отделение РАН, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_363.

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Kamalova, Anara. "Tourism Perspectives in Kyrgyz Republic." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01551.

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The level of services is increasing in modern economic development of Kyrgyz Republic, and tourism plays an important role in this process. Tourism in Kyrgyz Republic is one of the prioritized spheres of economy that can create opportunities for further integration of Kyrgyz economy into the Eurasian Economic Union.&#x0D; This paper includes theoretical issues of tourism development in Kyrgyz Republic and simultaneously gives an analysis of its development. Article allots a special section for tourism development along the path of Silk Road in Central Asian countries. Moreover, current problem
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Bolotbekovna, Junushova Gulnura. "CRIMES AGAINST STATE SECURITY IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC: YESTERDAY, TODAY, TOMORROW." In Tradicija, krivično i međunarodno krivično pravo. Srpsko udruženje za međunarodno krivično pravo, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tkmkp24.286b.

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The article examines the features of criminal liability for committing crimes against state security in the Kyrgyz Republic. The author divides this study into four blocks. The first block highlights the features of establishing responsibility for the crimes in question during the period from the existence of ancient states on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic to the adoption of the current Criminal Code of the Kyrgyz Republic. The second block examines the experience of the Kyrgyz Republic in establishing criminal liability in the current criminal legislation. The third block presents pros
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Kozhobekov, Muratbek. "Trade and Economic Relations of Early Medieval Kyrgyz State." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01441.

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According to written sources of trade with neighboring countries occupied an important place in the economy of the Kyrgyz State. That would create a successful economy, as well as to meet the needs of consumers the Kyrgyz State established extensive trade links in the Central Asian region. Trading partners of the Kyrgyz in the early middle ages were economic developed countries East and Central Asia. This reflects the fact that the degree of development of the Kyrgyz people related to trading partners. In general terms, the characteristics of the Kyrgyz State trade relations with neighboring c
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Kozhobekov, Muratbek. "Economic Structure of Early Medieval Kyrgyz." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01799.

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The level of the command economy is primarily determined by how it is adapted to the environment and then using only spectacular food-producing economy to nasushnoy needs of the population. The close relationship between the natural and geographical conditions and economic activities shows the ethno-political determenirovannost nomadic society. Despite the huge reservoir of the study and the availability of general works on the history of the Kyrgyz period under consideration, remain controversial questions of economic structure, species composition of herds, the existence of ancillary hozyaya
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"Labor Migration in the Kyrgyz Republic." In XIII Ural Demographic Forum. Global challenges to demographic development. Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/udf-2022-3-8.

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Kozhobekov, Muratbek. "About the Role of the Northern Branch Value in the Great Silk Road." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02046.

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The Great Silk Road for many centuries served as a connecting element between the cultures of East and West and on informative and communicative patency was a unique invention of world civilization. Not only the material wealth, but the cultural values of the East and the West, were carried along the Great Silk Road. In this regard, the study of the participation of Kyrgyz in this large-scale project of humanity, is of great scientific and practical importance.&#x0D; Despite the remoteness of the Kyrgyz Kaganate from the main path, the Kyrgyz actively participated not only in trade but also in
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Murzakmetov, A. K. "BIRTHING RITES OF THE BURYATS AND KYRGYZ." In Международная научная конференция "Мир Центральной Азии-V", посвященная 100-летию Института монголоведения,буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук. Сибирское отделение РАН, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_293.

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Dyldaev, M. M. "FEATURES OF URBANIZATION IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC." In “SUBURBAN REVOLUTION” AND PERIPHERAL URBAN TERRITORIES IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE. Buryat Scientific Center of SB RAS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31554/978-5-7925-0571-1-2019-1-40-44.

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Reports on the topic "Kyrgyz"

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Yamano, Takashi, Hal Hill, Edimon Ginting, and Jindra Samson, eds. Kyrgyz Republic:. Asian Development Bank, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tcs190437-2.

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Oduncu, Arif. Country Diagnostic Study – The Kyrgyz Republic. Islamic Development Bank Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55780/rp21001.

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The Country Diagnostic Study (CDS) for the Kyrgyz Republic uses the Hausmann-Rodrik-Velasco growth diagnostics model to identify the binding constraints being faced in its quest for higher and more sustained economic growth and make recommendations to relax these constraints. Hence, the findings of the CDS can help the Islamic Development Bank in identifying areas where it can have a greater impact and provide an evidence-basis to support the development of the Member Country Partnership Strategy (MCPS). During the last two decades, the Kyrgyz Republic has recorded low performance in economic
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Novichkova, Tatiana. Political administrative map of the Kyrgyz Republic. Edited by Nikolay Komedchikov and Aleksandr Khropov. Entsiklopediya, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/dm2015-12-10-17.

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Kosec, Katrina, and Olga N. Shemyakina. Land reform and child health in the Kyrgyz Republic. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133567.

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Roland-Holst, David, Kamalbek Karymshakov, Burulcha Sulaimanova, and Kadyrbek Sultakeev. ICT, Online Search Behavior, and Remittances: Evidence from the Kyrgyz Republic. Asian Development Bank Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/fepw3647.

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Infrastructure has always been a fundamental driver of long-term economic growth, but in recent decades information and communication technology (ICT) has supported and accelerated the growth of the global economy in ways beyond the imagining of our ancestors. We examine the role of ICT infrastructure in facilitating labor markets' access and remittance flows for workers from the Kyrgyz Republic. Using a combination of traditional high frequency macroeconomic data and real time internet search information from Google Trends, we take a novel approach to explaining the inflow of remittances to a
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Gao, Xin, Aiko Kikkawa, and Jong Woo Kang. Evaluating the Impact of Remittances on Human Capital Investment in the Kyrgyz Republic. Asian Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps210189-2.

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Remittances from overseas can encourage human capital investment, but empirical studies have shown mixed evidence. This paper uses a 5-year panel dataset in the Kyrgyz Republic to examine the impact of remittances on the human capital formation of school-age children. After correcting for endogeneities with instrumental variables, the study finds that remittances have negative impacts on educational achievement. Extended hours of farm labor by children and increased expenditure on durable goods are identified among recipient households. To mitigate negative effects of remittances on children’s
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Amiraev, Erlan, Katherine Hall, Vlada Brilliantova, et al. Tackling Air Pollution in Bishkek: A Road Map to Cleaner Air. Asian Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf230514-2.

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Air pollution reaches hazardous levels in the Kyrgyz Republic’s capital, Bishkek, during wintertime. This causes large adverse health and economic impacts. This Brief summarizes the consensus around air pollution and its causes in Bishkek and proposes interventions to resolve this issue.
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Nietschke, Yung, Anna Dabrowski, Maya Conway, and Chaula Pradhika. COVID-19 Education Response Mapping Study: Building Resilience in the Kyrgyz Republic: Readiness, Response, and Recovery. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-702-1.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has caused unprecedented levels of disruption to education systems worldwide. Across the Asia region, it is estimated that around 760 million children were impacted by school closures at the height of the pandemic. Government response strategies have varied across the region, with some countries imposing prolonged school lockdowns while others have had short, repeated closure periods. As countries begin to reopen schools and continue to prepare for subsequent waves of COVID-19 infection, there is a need to develop the greater capability of educati
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Karymshakov, Kamalbek, and Dina Azhgaliyeva. Assessing the Impact of Income Decline on Household Clean Fuel Choice: Evidence from the Kyrgyz Republic. Asian Development Bank, 2025. https://doi.org/10.22617/wps250119-2.

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This paper gives causal evidence from a developing country context that children exposed to lead at a young age exhibit worse cognitive outcomes. The paper uses data from Indonesia on lead-contaminated sites such as recycling operations for used lead-acid batteries. It finds large negative impacts on numeracy and general cognitive ability among respondents who were exposed in utero or during early childhood and lived within 6 kilometers of a site. The learning penalty in numeracy is equivalent to about 3 years of primary schooling for those who lived within 3 kilometers of a site and 1.4 years
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Sharafeyeva, Alfinura. Impact of High Trade Costs and Uncertain Time to Trade on Exports from Five Central Asian Countries. Asian Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps230080-2.

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This paper analyzes how trade costs affect exports from five Central Asian countries. It highlights how improving logistics and procedures and boosting digitalization can streamline regional trade. The paper estimates how the time needed to export goods, the monetary cost of doing so, and uncertain time frames impact exports from Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It finds that the uncertainty and the high monetary costs traders face hold back exports from the five countries, along with remoteness from ports and global markets.
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