Academic literature on the topic 'L' Art sacré'

In Decorum and the Meanings of Materials in Triumphal Architecture of Republican Rome, Maggie L. Popkin argues that the literal and figurative values of materials in republican triumphal architecture stemmed from complex interactions among patron, architect, audience, and sociohistorical context. Several case studies—the Temple of Fortuna Equestris, the Porticus Metelli, the Round Temple on the Tiber, and Temple B in the Area Sacra di Largo Argentina—demonstrate that the juxtaposition of multiple materials, changing historical circumstances, and new groups of viewers resulted in constantly shifting meanings of materials in republican architecture. The Roman notion of decorum helps explain the shifting uses and valuations of materials. Factors such as the monument’s patron, the event that sparked its construction, its location, the monument type, the availability of materials, and the intended audiences affected the choice of materials and their intended and perceived meanings, which had rich conceptual and imaginative potential to evoke Roman conquest, piety, and spectacle.

RESUMENEl nacimiento en la Antigua Roma de niños con rasgos sexuales masculinos y femeninos a la vez, los llamados andróginos o hermafroditas, eran considerados como un gravísimo prodigio. Su expiación, necesaria para el restablecimiento de las buenas relaciones entre los hombres y los dioses, quedó en manos exclusivamente de mujeres: ancianas, matronas y virgines.PALABRAS CLAVE: Antigua Roma, Matrona, prodigio, expiación, andróginoABSTRACTThe birth in ancient Rome of children with both male and female sexual features, so-called androgynes or hermaphrodites, was regarded as a an extraordinary phenomenon. Their expiation, necessary for the restoration of good relations between men and gods, remained exclusively in the hands of women: old women, midwives and virgines.KEY WORDS: Ancient Rome, midwife, prodigy, expiation, androgynus BIBLIOGRAFÍAAbaecherly Boyce, A. (1937), “The expiatory rites of 207 B. C.”, TAPhA, 68, 157-171.Allély, A. (2003), “Les enfants malformés et considerés comme prodigia à Rome et en Italie sous la République”, REA, 105, 1, 127-156.Allély, A. (2004), “Les enfants malformés et handicapés à Rome sous le Principat”, REA, 106, 1, 73-101.Androutsos, G. (2006), “Hermaphroditism in Greek and Roman antiquity”, Hormones, 5, 214-217.Berthelet, Y. (2010), “Expiation, par les autorités romaines, de prodiges survenus en terre alliée: Quelques réflexions sur le statut juridique des territoires et des communautés alliés, et sur le processus de romanisation”, Hypothèses, 13, 1, 169-178.Berthelet, Y. (2013), “Expiation, par Rome, de prodiges survenus dans les cités alliées du nomen latinum ou des cités alliées italiennes non latines”, L´Antiquité Classique 82, 91-109.Breglia Pulci Doria, L. (1983), Oracoli Sibillini tra rituali e propaganda (Studi su Flegonte di Tralles), Napoli, Liguori Editori.Brisson, L. (1986), “Neutrum utrumque. La bisexualité dans l´antiquité gréco-romaine”, en L´Androgyne, Paris, Albin Michel, 31-61.Brisson, L. (1997), Le sex incertain. Androgynie et hermaphroditisme dans l´Antiquité gréco-romaine, Paris, Les Belles Lettres.Caerols, J. J. (1991), Los Libros Sibilinos en la historiografía latina, Madrid, Editorial Complutense.Cantarella, E. (2002), Bisexuality in the Ancient World, New Haven CT, Yale University Press.Cantarella, E. (2005), “The Androgynous and Bisexuality in Ancient Legal Codes”, Diogenes, 52, 5, 5-14.Cid López, R. M. (2007), “Las matronas y los prodigios. Prácticas religiosas femeninas en los ‘márgenes’ de la religión romana”, Norba, 20, 11-29.Cousin, J. (1942-1943), “La crise religieuse de 207 av. J.-C.”, RHR, 126, 15-41.Crifò, G. (1999), Prodigium e diritto: il caso dell’ermafrodita, Index, 27, 113-120.Champeaux, J. (1996), “Pontifes, haruspices et décemvirs. L´expiation des prodiges de 207”, REL, 74, 67-91.Dasen, V. (2005), “Blessing or portents? Multiple births in ancient Rome”, en K. Mustakallio, J. Hanska, H.-L. Sainio, V. Vuolanto (éds.), Hoping for continuity.Childhood, education and death in Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Acta Instituti Romani Finlandiae XXXIII), Rome, 72-83.Delcourt, M. (1958), Hermaphrodite. Mythes et rites de la bisexualité dans l´antiquité classique, Paris, PUF.Delcourt, M. (1966), Hermaphroditea. Recherches sur l´être double promoteur de la fertilité dans le monde classique (Coll. Latomus 86), Bruxelles, Latomus.Doroszewska, J. (2013), “Between the monstrous and the Divine: Hermaphrodites in Phlegon of Tralles´Mirabilia”, Acta Ant. Hung, 53, 379–392.Freyburger, G. (1977), “La supplication d´actions de grâces dans la religion romaine archaïque”, Latomus, 36, 283-315.Freyburger, G. (1988), “Supplication grecque et supplication romaine”, Latomus, 47, 3, 501-525.Garland, R. (1995), The Eye of the Beholder. Deformity and Disability in the Graeco-Roman World, London, Duckworth.Graumann, L. A. (2013), “Monstrous Births and Retrospective diagnosis: the case of Hermafrodites in Antiquity”, en Chr. Laes, C.F. Goodey, M. Lynn Rose (eds.), Disabilities in Roman antiquity: disparate bodies, a capite ad calcem (Mnemosyne, supplements. History and archaeology of classical antiquity, 356), Leiden-Boston, Brill, 181-210.Guittard, Ch. (2004), “Les prodiges dans le livre XXVII de Tite-Live”, Vita Latina, 170, 56-81.Halkin, L. (1953), La supplication d´action de grâces chez les Romains, Paris, Les Belles Lettres.Lake, A. K. M. (1937), “The Supplicatio and Graecus Ritus”, en R.P. Casey, S. Lake- A.K. Lake (eds.), Quantulacumque: Studies Presented to Kirsopp Lake, London, Christophers, 243-251.Louis, P. (1975), Monstres et monstruosites dans la biologie d’Aristote, en J. Bingen, G. Cambier, G. Nachtergael (éd.), Le monde grec: pensée, litterature, histoire, documents. Hommages à Claire Préaux, Bruxelles, Éditions de l´Université de Bruxelles, 277-284.Mac Bain, B. (1982), Prodigy and expiation: a study in Religion and Politics in Republican Rome (Coll. Latomus 117), Bruxelles, Latomus.Maiuri, A. (2012), “Deformità e difformità nel mondo greco-romano”, en M. Passalacqua, M. De Nonno, A. M. Morelli (a cura di), Venuste noster. Scritti offerti a Leopoldo Gamberale (Spudasmata 147), Zurich, Georg Olms Verlag, 526-547.Maiuri, A. (2013), “Il lessico latino del mostruoso”, en I. Baglioni (a cura di), Monstra. Costruzione e Percezione delle Entità Ibride e Mostruose nel Mediterraneo Antico (Religio Collana di Studi del Museo delle Religioni “Rafaele Pettazzoni”), Roma, Quasar, Vol.II, 167-177.Mazurek, T. (2004), “The decemviri sacris faciundis: supplication and prediction”, en C.F. Konrad (ed.), Augusto augurio. Rerum humanarum et divinarum commentationes in honorem Jerzy Linderski, Stuttgart, Steiner Verlag, 151-168.Mineo, B. (2000), “L´anneé 207 dans le récit livien”, Latomus, 52, 512-540.Monaca, M. (2005), La Sibilla a Roma. I libri sibillini fra religione e politica, Cosenza, Giordano.Montero, S. (1993), “Los harúspices y la moralidad de la mujer romana”, Athenaeum. 81, 647-658.Montero, S. (1994), Diosas y adivinas. Mujer y adivinación en la Roma antigua, Madrid, Trotta.Montero, S. (2008), “La supplicatio expiatoria como factor de cohesión social”, en N. Spineto (a cura di), La religione come fattore di integrazione: modelli di convivenza e di scambio religioso nel mondo antico. Atti del IV Convegno Internazionale del Gruppo di Ricerca Italo-Spagnolo di Storia delle Religioni Università degli Studi di Torino (29-30 sept. 2006), Alessandria, Edizioni dell´Orso.Moussy, C. (1977), “Esquisse de l’histoire de monstrum”, RÉL, 55, 345-369.Péter, O. M. (2001), “Olim in prodigiis nunc in deliciis. Lo status giuridico dei monstra nel diritto romano”, en G. Hamza, F. Benedek (hrsg.), Iura antiqua-Iura moderna. Festschrift für Ferenc Benedek zum 75. Geburtstag, Pecs, Dialóg Campus Kiadó, 207-216.Sandoz, L. Ch. (2008), “La survie des monstres: ethnographie fantastique et handicap à Rome, la force de l´imagination”, Latomus, 68, 21-36.Scheid, J. (1988), “Les livres Sibyllins et les archives des quindecémvirs”, en C. Moatti (ed.), La mémoire perdue. Recherches sur l´administration romaine, Paris, École Française de Rome, 11-26.Schulz, C. E. (2006), Women´s Religious Activity in the Roman Republic, Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press.Segarra, D. (2005), “La arboricultura y el orden del mundo: de Vertumnus al ‘Dios’ que planta e injerta”, en R. Olmos, P. Cabrera, S. Montero (eds.), Paraíso cerrado, jardín abierto: el reino vegetal en el imaginario del Mediterráneo, Madrid, Polifemo, 207-232.Segarra, D. (2006), “‘Arboricoltori sacri’. L’operato degli aruspici nella sfera vegetale”, en M. Rocchi, P. Xella, J. A. Zamora (a cura di), Gli operatori cultuali, Atti del II Incontro di studio organizzato dal “Gruppo di contatto per lo studio delle religioni mediterranee” (Roma, 10 - 11 maggio 2005), Verona, Essedue.Trentin, L. (2011), “Deformity in the Roman Imperial Court”, G&R, II S., 58, 195-208.Vallar, S. (2013), “Les hermaphrodites l’approche de la Rome antique”, RIDA, 60, 201-217.

Abstract Philadelphia-negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) include Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Myelofibrosis, both Primary (PMF) and secondary to PV or ET (PPV-MF and PET-MF). A MPN is frequently the underlying cause of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT), accounting for 31.5% of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and 40.9% of Budd Chiari syndrome (BCS). In patients (pts) with MPN and SVT, splenomegaly can arise as the consequence of the hematological disease and/or blood flow abnormalities consequent to the thrombosis itself. Splenomegaly and the compensatory enlarged splanchnic vessels are responsible for several complications including esophageal and gastric varices. Splenomegaly may cause abdominal discomfort; furthermore pts may present symptomatic burden due to the MPN. Current treatment strategies for MPN pts with SVT include anticoagulants and cytoreductive therapy (ie hydroxyurea, interferon) that have little influence in the control of splenomegaly and symptoms and do not improve flow abnormalities. Ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, was highly effective in reducing spleen volume and improving symptoms in patients with MF and PV in phase II and III studies. We hypothesized that the decrease of the enlarged spleen determined by Ruxolitinib could result in a reduction of the local pressure in splanchnic vessels, producing both symptomatic improvement of splenomegaly-related symptoms and of splanchnic circulation. We designed an investigator-initiated multicentre phase 2 study of Ruxolitinib in pts with splenomegaly due to an underlying MPN associated with SVT. The drug was provided free of charge by Novartis, that had no role in trial design nor in data analysis. The primary study objective was to evaluate the proportion of subjects achieving ≥ 50% reduction in spleen length from left costal margin (LCM) measured by palpation at any time from baseline to week 24 (w24) and at w24, or a ≥ 35% reduction in spleen volume by MRI or CT at week 24. The secondary objectives included: evaluation of safety of Ruxolitinib in MPN-associated SVT; assessment of splanchnic circulation through Doppler analysis, measurement of hyperdynamic arterial circulation by echocardiography and stiffness of hepatic/splenic parenchyma by fibroscan; status of esophageal varices at w24 compared to baseline. Quality of Life assessment was performed using MPN-SAF questionnaire. Exploratory objectives include evaluations of changes in JAK2V617F or MPLW515 allelic burden, association of baseline mutations with response to treatment, changes in cytokine and microRNAs profiles, quantification of circulating endothelial cells. At the time of abstract submission 7 out of 21 pts have been enrolled, of which 5 completed the 24 weeks of treatment; two additional pts are in screening phase. Three pts had PMF, two ET, one PV and one PPV-MF, associated to spleno-porto-mesenteric thrombosis (5 pts) and Budd Chiari syndrome (2 pts). All pts were under oral anticoagulation therapy. Initial dose of Ruxolitinib was 10 mg BID for PV, 25 mg BID for ET, 15 mg BID for MF pts with baseline platelet count of 100 to 200x109/L and 20 mg BID for those with baseline platelet count >200x109/L. A palpable splenomegaly greater than 5 cm below LCM was a criterion for enrollment; the 5 patients who completed the 24 weeks of treatment had a median splenomegaly of 8 cm below LCM at baseline, and obtained a median reduction of 69% measured by palpation at week 24, associated with a significant reduction in abdominal discomfort as measured by MPN-SAF questionnaire (median score at screening 5 vs 1.5 at week 24). The total symptom score calculated by using BFI and MPN-SAF was reduced from 50 at screening to 35 at week 24. Instrumental evaluations of splanchnic and systemic circulation showed that 3 pts obtained a reduction of the spleen stiffness from a median value of 66 to 49.6 kilopascals (KPa), 2 pts had a reduction of the liver stiffness from a median value of 23.85 to 18.2 KPa and 1 pt a reduction of the cardiac output from 5.871 to 4.6 L/min. Evaluation of esophageal varices at week 24 showed stabilization with neither worsening nor need of banding. Ruxolitinib was well tolerated, with no SAE reported; one pt developed anemia G2 and one G3 leading to dose reduction. Other adverse events include G1 asthenia and G≤2 AST/ALT increase in 3 pts, one case of Herpes Zoster and one case of abdominal pain both G1. Updated results will be presented at the meeting. Disclosures: Marchioli: Novartis: Research Funding; Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo: Research Funding; AIFA (Italian Regulatory Agency): Research Funding; AMGEN S.p.A.: Research Funding; Genzyme Olanda: Research Funding; Gruppo Italiano Trapianti di Midollo (GITMO): Research Funding; Pierre Fabre Italia S.p.A.: Research Funding; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma: Research Funding; Sigma-Tau: Research Funding; Myeloproliferative disorder Research Consortium: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Associazione Italiana Linfomi (AIL): Research Funding; Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL): Research Funding; LaRoche: Research Funding; Università degli Studi di Firenze: Research Funding. Vannucchi:NOVARTIS: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees.

- M.A. van Bakel, R. Borofsky, Making history; Pukapukan and anthropological constructions of knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 201 pp.; ill. - Andrew Beatty, J.A. Feldman et al., Nias, tribal treasures: Cosmic reflections in stone, wood and gold, Delft: Volkenkundig Museum Nusantara, 1990. - A.G. van Beek, Christian F. Feest, Technologie und ergologie in der Völkerkunde, Band 2, Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Ethnologische Paperbacks, 1989. xiv, 290 pp., Alfred Janata (eds.) - N. Bootsma, Bernhard Dahm, José Rizal, Der nationalheld der Filipinos, Zürich: Munster-Schmidt Verlag Göttingen, 1988, 88 pp. - Aart G. Broek, John de Pool, Bolívar op / en Curaçoa: Historische novelle / leyende histórico [Inleiding door / introducción del L.W. Statius van Eps en / y E. Luckmann-Levy Maduro; vertaling uit het Spaans door L. Hoetink-Espinal], Zutphen: De Walburg Pers, 1988. - Martin van Bruinessen, Peter Kloos, Door het oog van de antropoloog: Botsende visies bij heronderzoek. Muiderberg: Dick Coutinho, 1988, 148 pp. - J.G. de Casparis, Charles Higham, The Archaeology of mainland Southeast Asia. From 10,000 B.C. to the fall of Angkor. Cambridge World Archaeology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. - H.J.M. Claessen, Luc de Heusch, Ecrits sur la royauté sacrée. Brussel, Institut de Sociologie: Editions de l’Université de Bruxelles. 1987. 314 pp. - H. Dagmar, Erich Kolig, The Noonkanbah Story, Dunedin: University of Otago Press, 1987. - Anke van Dijke, Linda Terpstra, Anil Ramdas, De strijd van de dansers; Biografische vertellingen uit Curaçao, Amsterdam: SUA, 1988. - B.F. Galjart, Hans-Dieter Evers, Strategische gruppen. Vergleichende studien zu staat, bürokratie und klassenbildung in der dritten welt. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1988, 279 pp., Tilman Schiel (eds.) - J. Hoffenaar, G. Teitler, Anatomie van de Indische defensie: Scenario’s, plannen, beleid 1892-1920. [Anatomy of the defence of the Netherlands East Indies: Scenarios, plans, policy 1892-1920], Amsterdam: Van Soeren, 1988, 482 pp. - Rudy de Jongh, Sjoerd Rienk Jaarsma, Waarneming en interpretatie. Vergaring en gebruik van ethnografische informatie in Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea (1950-1962). Utrecht: Interdisiplinair Sociaal Wetenschappelijk Onderzoekinstituut Rijksuniversiteit, 1990. 247 pp. English summary. - Ward Keeler, J.Joseph Errington, Structure and style in Javanese: A semiotic view of linguistic etiquette, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988, 290 pp. - Ank Klomp, Raymond T. Smith, Kinship and class in the West Indies; A genealogical study of Jamaica and Guyana, Cambridge etc.: Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology, Cambridge University Press, 1988. - G.J. Knaap, A.H.P. Clemens, Het belang van de Buitengewesten; Economische expansie en koloniale staatsvorming in de Buitengewesten van Nederlands-Indië 1870-1942, NEHA-series III, deel 7, Amsterdam: NEHA, viii + 306 pp. 1989., J.Th. Lindblad (eds.) - Jaap de Moor, E.S. van Eyck van Heslinga, Van compagnie naar koopvaardij; De scheepvaartverbinding van de Bataafse Republiek met de koloniën in Azië 1795-1806, Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw, 1988. [Hollandse Historische Reeks, no. IX.] 320 pp., kaart, ills., tabellen, bibliografie, index. - Otto van den Muijzenberg, Jean-Claude Lejosne, Le journal de voyage de G. van Wuysthoff et de ses assistants au Laos (1641-1642), Metz: Editions du Centre de Documentation du Cercle de Culture et de Recherches Laotiennes, 1987. 370 pp., 3 indices, bibliography, maps, illustrations. - Gert J. 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The revival of spiritual culture on the verge of centuries, interest and respect for the traditions and ceremonies of the Orthodox Church, the rapid spread among the regents of the works of spiritual themes - all this led to the emergence of the style direction called nova musica sacra (by N. Gulianitskaya). Complex processes taking place in the field of contemporary composer creativity on the verge of the XX - XXI, cannot but show the affect on the church singing repertoire. Religious themes are increasingly appearing in the works of well-known Ukrainian artists (L. Dichko, E. Stankovich, M. Skoryk, V. Stepurko, G. Havrylets) and new authors of church chants - Volodymyr Feiner and Olena Yunek. Olena Yunek’s creativity is an example of liturgical as a secular concert application of the church repertoire. The education of a mistress’s personality took place on the basis of the Orthodox worldview. Her preferences of Ukrainian choral music from childhood were combined with participation in church-singing practice. The vast majority of works - spiritual content in the composer’s work refinement of the O. Yunek. The purpose of the article is to detect the identity of modern church music of young Ukrainian composers, whose works are becoming more popular in the choral performance of secular and spiritual collectives. The object of research – the work of Ukrainian church composers at the present stage; the subject – features of the individual composing style of O. Yunek, that been found on the material of the chants of the cycle "All-night vigil" (2007-2015). Research methodology. The presented material is the result of the interaction of musicological approaches to composing text (genre, composition, style, functional) and liturgical-theological discourse. Analysis of recent publications on research topic. A problem of author’s reading of canonical text by Ukrainian composers at the end of the XX - XXI centuries finds a solution in the thesis of O. Tyshchenko in terms of the correlation of the rite and genre [6]. The measure of the preservation of canonical features in the works of Ukrainian and Russian composers is determined in the work of N. Sereda on the material of the cycles of the Liturgy [4]. However, the cycle of "All-night vigil" in the works of contemporary Ukrainian composers has not yet become the subject of scientific interest on the part of musicology. The author of the article considered the problem of forming an individual style on the example of the All- Nightly V. Feiner, in which the original stylistic features of the polyphony of the Renaissance and the Ukrainian choral concert were originally combined [1]; The study of the work of O. Yunek in the master’s thesis was initiated. Presenting main material. When compiling their own church compositions Olena Yunek relied on the history of such outstanding artists as O. Yunek Georgy Sviridov, Sergei Rachmaninov, Arvo Pyart, Valery Kalistratov, Oleksiy Larin, Moris Duryuflie, Lesya Dichko. «All-night Vigil» is written for mixed choir. It consists of 19 chants, each of which is a separate independent composition, which can be performed independently of others. In the sequence of chants there are no traceable patterns associated with the dramatic organization of the whole. According to the author, she did not plan to create a separate cycle at the beginning, but in the process of composer’s searches, as well as through participation in the church choir at different times, a number of major chants of this cycle were created. Written at different times, the works do not have a common tonality. In general, mineral complexes predominate. The leitmotif system in the loop is absent, however, a number of composer techniques and means of expressiveness, combining works, can be traced. The article provides a holistic analysis of three chants from the cycle: Psalm 103, «O gladsome light», «From my youth». By their example, the presence of the melo-formula – singing, and constantly repeating rhythmic groups is clearly demonstrated. A detailed analysis of the harmonic sequences, the change of texture and the course of melodic lines made it possible to identify certain features of the composer’s individual style and the methods of writing that he uses to create church compositions. A comparative analysis of the canonical text and its interpretation in compositions by O. Yunek is presented. Conclusions. O. Yunek’s personal style is characterized by a high level of possession of the technique of choral writing: the variety of harmonious, timbralregister and textural means while preserving the canonical liturgical text, a careful attitude towards it. The choral style of sounding differs by the ease, the availability of perception. In her compositions, the words of the chants are completely audible - without bills, overlays; no sharp contrasts in the dynamics. The primary role among means of expressiveness is given to harmony. It is at its level that certain elements of the Eastern Slavic singing are found (plagiarism, the use of medial chords, the linear nature of the formation of the accordion), the West European classical type of harmony (chords of the main functions in typical relations) and modern musical language (the presence of dissonant consonants, not the classical sequence in the middle construction, accordion of the nontheric structure). The role of melodies is very important. Often harmonic changes occur due to the linear motion of the melody in separate voices. Layout intonations and rhythmic figures common to compositions contribute to the integrity of the cycle and allow it to be perceived as such. In particular, it is observed in conducting the main melody frequent use of singing, gradual mirror-symmetric movement of voices, passage and auxiliary non-chord sounds. These melodic cells have the same features with the sounds of a significant singing, which confirms the composer’s tendency to the ancient chants. Similar rhythmic patterns (dashed rhythm, two sixteenth and eighth, eighth and two sixteenth, fourteenth and sixteenth), osintato also contributes to the integration of the cycle. The choral texture is characterized by flexibility and richness of presentation. Often there is a chord composition with elements of singing in separate voices, as well as contrasting fragments of unison («Blessed man»), chanting (two voices) («Virgin Mary, rejoice», «Praise the Name of the Lord», «Blessed art Thou, O Lord»). Changing the invoice occurs organically and appropriately to the performance requirements, which indicates the professional approach and knowledge of the composer’s choral writing. Consequently, all the inventions and means of expressiveness that were invented during the analysis show that the work of the contemporary composer of Kharkov, Olena Yunek, is an example of an original author’s reading of the canon in the field of church music. Together with the embodiment of the church canon, the principles of individual thinking operate and a modern link of church-composing creativity is formed.

Lepsius, Susanne / Friedrich Vollhardt / Oliver Bach (Hrsg.), Von der Allegorie zur Empirie. Natur im Rechtsdenken des Spätmittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit (Abhandlungen zur rechtswissenschaftlichen Grundlagenforschung. Münchener Universitätsschriften. Juristische Fakultät, 100), Berlin 2018, Schmidt, VI u. 328 S., € 79,95. (Peter Oestmann, Münster) Baumgärtner, Ingrid / Nirit Ben-Aryeh Debby / Katrin Kogman-Appel (Hrsg.), Maps and Travel in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period. Knowledge, Imagination, and Visual Culture (Das Mittelalter. Beihefte, 9), Berlin / Boston 2019, de Gruyter, IX u. 412 S. / Abb., € 119, 95. (Gerda Brunnlechner, Hagen) Damen, Mario / Jelle Hamers / Alastair J. Mann (Hrsg.), Political Representation. Communities, Ideas and Institutions in Europe (c. 1200 – c. 1690) (Later Medieval Europe, 15), Leiden / Boston 2018, Brill, XIV, 332 S. / Abb., € 143,00. (Olaf Mörke, Kiel) Erkens, Franz-Reiner, Sachwalter Gottes. 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(Hans Medick, Göttingen) Zurbuchen, Simone (Hrsg.), The Law of Nations and Natural Law 1625 – 1800 (Early Modern Natural Law, 1), Leiden / Boston 2019, Brill, X u. 337 S., € 131,00. (Miloš Vec, Wien) Mishra, Rupali, A Business of State. Commerce, Politics, and the Birth of the East India Company (Harvard Historical Studies, 188), Cambridge / London 2018, Harvard University Press, VII u. 412 S., $ 35,00. (Christina Brauner, Tübingen) Towsey, Mark / Kyle B. Roberts (Hrsg.), Before the Public Library. Reading, Community, and Identity in the Atlantic World, 1650 – 1850 (Library of the Written Word, 61; The Handpress World, 46), Leiden / Boston 2018, Brill, XVII u. 415 S., € 145,00. (Stefan Hanß, Manchester) Rosenmüller, Christoph, Corruption and Justice in Colonial Mexico, 1650 – 1755 (Cambridge Latin America Studies, 113), Cambridge / New York 2019, Cambridge University Press, XV u. 341 S. / Abb., £ 75,00. (Tobias Schenk, Wien) Tricoire, Damien, Der koloniale Traum. Imperiales Wissen und die französisch-madagassischen Begegnungen im Zeitalter der Aufklärung (Externa, 13), Köln / Weimar / Wien 2018, Böhlau, 408 S. / Abb., € 65,00. (Tobias Winnerling, Düsseldorf) Zabel, Christine, Polis und Politesse. Der Diskurs über das antike Athen in England und Frankreich, 1630 – 1760 (Ancien Régime, Aufklärung und Revolution, 41), Berlin / Boston 2016, de Gruyter Oldenbourg, X u. 377 S. / Abb., € 59,95. (Wilfried Nippel, Berlin) Velema, Wyger / Arthur Weststeijn (Hrsg.), Ancient Models in the Early Modern Republican Imagination (Metaforms, 12), Leiden / Boston 2018, Brill, XI u. 340 S., € 127,00. (Wilfried Nippel, Berlin) Hitchcock, David, Vagrancy in English Culture and Society, 1650 – 1750 (Cultures of Early Modern Europe), London / New York 2018, Bloomsbury Academic, X u. 236 S. / Abb., £ 28,99. (Ulrich Niggemann, Augsburg) Boswell, Caroline, Disaffection and Everyday Life in Interregnum England (Studies in Early Modern Cultural, Political and Social History, 29), Woodbridge 2017, The Boydell Press, XII u. 285 S., £ 65,00. (Philip Hahn, Tübingen) Kinsella, Eoin, Catholic Survival in Protestant Ireland, 1660 – 1711. Colonel John Browne, Landownership and the Articles of Limerick (Irish Historical Monographs), Woodbridge 2018, The Boydell Press, XVI u. 324 S. / Abb., £ 75,00. (Matthias Bähr, Dresden) Mansel, Philip, King of the World. The Life of Louis XIV, [London] 2019, Allen Lane, XIII u. 604 S. / Abb., £ 30,00. (William D. Godsey, Wien) Gräf, Holger Th. / Christoph Kampmann / Bernd Küster (Hrsg.), Landgraf Carl (1654 – 1730). Fürstliches Planen und Handeln zwischen Innovation und Tradition (Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Hessen, 87), Marburg 2017, Historische Kommission für Hessen, XIII u. 415 S. / Abb., € 29,00. 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La these retrace a propos de l'eglise catholique de france une etape importante de la reflexion sur les liens entre l'art d'une epoque et l'expression de la foi religieuse, cette reflexion nee au xixe siecle et qui avait recu de premieres reponses durant l'entre-deuxguerres. Trouva apres la seconde guerre une veritable audience mediatique. Puisant a de nombreuses sources inedites la these retracel'histoire de la revue l'art sacre et de ses deux directeurs, les peres m-a. Couturier et p-r. Regamey, o. P. Elle precise les donnees relatives aux edifices qui provoquerent les debats, principalement: l'eglise d'assy (hte savoie), decoree par des artistes celebres (rouault, leger, bonnard. . . ), la chapelle de vence, concue et decoree par matisse, l'eglise du sacre-coeur a audincourt, decoree par bazaine et leger. Elle presente la biographie de nombreuses personnes et decrit les actions menees dans le diocese de besancon. La these met dans une perspective historique correcte les positions theoriques de la revue. Le parti fondamental des directeurs de l'art sacre etait que l'art religieux revelait l'etat de la spiritualite de son eglise. Aussi s'opposant a l'esprit de "saint-sulpice" la revue, prenant en compte tous les aspects de l'eglise (programme architectural, decor mais aussi culte) defendit le principe de constructions modestes mais dignes, portant temoignage par leur qualite artistique et leur modernite. Pour etre veritablement religieux en effet, l'art devait etre "vivant", plonger dans la vie artistique de son temps. La these analyse les debats majeurs et leur posterite, les principaux themes etant les relations entre l'eglise institutionnelle et la creation contemporaine; le role du decor et la place de l'art non-figuratif dans l'eglise; la fonction sociale de l'art. La question traitee recoupe d'autres champs d'etudes, notamment l'histoire religieuse de la societe francaise. Nombreuses annexes, documentation, chronologies, index.

La ricerca tenta di analizzare la relazione ambigua tra il sacro e l’arte contemporanea alla luce di eventi recenti: la partecipazione del padiglione della Santa Sede alla 55a e alla 56a Biennale d’Arte di Venezia. Arte e sacro in passato, nella loro reciproca dipendenza, rivelavano la dimensione essenziale e originaria dell’uomo; rivelavano la condizione rituale, cultuale, individuale e collettiva, che risponde alla primaria sacralità della vita. Questo tipo di osmosi è stata sostituita da singole entità non più sovrapponibili in un’era secolarizzata. L’arte può esprimere un’aura di sacralità, considerando la prevalenza dei suoi aspetti secolari? Cos’è che definisce l’arte sacra? Possiamo parlare di arte sacra o lavoro secolare sul sacro? Alcune sezioni riguardano la negoziazione di simboli sacri nell’arte contemporanea, specialmente nel rapporto tra figurativo e a-figurativo; nella committenza ecclesiale, arte e liturgia; nella retorica della citazione del sacro, tra ironia e blasfemia. Le riflessioni aprono un campo d’indagine che considera l’arte come interazioni di prospettive plurime: storica, filosofica, antropologica e psicologica. Questo lavoro tenta di analizzare il ruolo dell’immagine sacra nel contemporaneo, nell’era del disincanto, alla luce di questo ritrovato interesse per il sacro appunto e per una ormai obsoleta storiografia dell’arte, che tenta di mutuarsi in storia delle immagini.
The research tries to analyze the ambiguous relationship between the sacred and contemporary art in the light of recent events: the pavilion of the Holy See at the 55th and 56th Venice Biennale. Art and sacred, in the past, in their mutual dependence, revealed the essential and original dimension of man; they revealed the ritual, cultish, individual and collective condition, that responds to the primary sacredness of life. This kind of osmosis has been replaced by individual entities that no longer overlap in the secularized era. Can art express an aura of sacredness, considering the prevalence of its secular aspects? What is it that defines the sacred art? Can we talk about sacred art or secular work on sacred? Some section of the thesis concerns the negotiation of sacred symbols in contemporary art, especially in: figurative and a-figurative art; religious patronage, art and liturgy; rhetoric of the sacred quote between irony and blasphemy. Reflections open up the field of investigation and consider art as a result of the interaction between plural perspectives: historical, philosophical, anthropological and psychological. So this work attempts to analyze the role of the sacred image in contemporary era, the era of disenchantment, in the light of this renewed interest in the sacred and in the obsolete historiography of art, that tries to become history of images.

Il paesaggio sacro dell'Epiro al di fuori dei centri di fondazione coloniale si caratterizza per una grande uniformità, determinata dall'esclusiva adozione delle forme templari non periptere. La ricerca si concentra sugli aspetti propriamente architettonici (planimetrici, tecnico-costruttivi, decorativi e formali) e sulle articolazioni funzionali dell'edilizia di culto regionale, troppo spesso trascurati nella storia degli studi a vantaggio di altre dimensioni dello spazio santuariale come quella religiosa o politico-istituzionale.
The sacred landscape of Hellenistic Epirus, outside of colonial centers, shows an absolute prevalence of non-peripteral temples (closed-front oikoi, prostyle naiskoi, naiskoi in antis). Even the only supposed peripteral temple in the region, the so called “Temple of Zeus Areios” at Rodotopi (Ioannina) appears to a close analysis to be the product of the Roman monumentalization of a previous prostyle temple. This research focuses namely on the architectural aspects of this “peripheral” cultic landscape, which have generally been neglected by scholars when compared with other aspects such as religious or political ones.

La ricerca ha preso in considerazione in maniera sistematica i santuari e i culti della città di Praeneste, approcciati dal punto di vista dell'analisi dei resti architettonici, degli apparati decorativi e della documentazione relativa alle offerte, allo studio delle funzioni cultuali degli spazi santuariali, all'interno del quadro complessivo del mondo cultuale laziale tra l'epoca arcaica e la tarda età repubblicana. Tale ricostruzione filologica ha consentito oltre all'individuazione, su una solida base documentaria, di forme peculiari del culto praticate nella città, la ricostruzione dei sistemi decorativi dei principali templi cittadini.

La riforma della musica sacra in Italia trova nella Bologna tra il 1874 e il 1907 un terreno fertile ancora non esplorato a fondo. La ricerca condotta in questo campo ha fatto emergere una visione innovativa della città ove si trovano ad operare musicisti e musicologi di fama internazionale. Accanto all'antica Accademia filarmonica si pone l'attività centrale della Diocesi e del Liceo musicale. Ad un avvio lento condotto dalla partecipazione individuale dei musicisti si giunge al momento di svolta a partire dal 1894 con Luigi Torchi e l'arcivescovo Domenico Svampa che con il loro operato fanno sì che Bologna faccia proprie le istanze ceciliane.
The reform of sacred music is most important for Bologna between 1874-1907. During this period, a lot of great musicians and musicologists slowly approach to reform's ideals. The president of Accademia filarmonica, Luigi Torchi, and Domenico Svampa archbishop, with Stefano Gamberin and Federico Parisini, are the key persons.

Lo scavo della chiesa di Santa MAria Maggiore ha permesso di acquisire nuove importanti informazioni sulla storia della città di Trento, sulla città tardo antica e sul processo di cristianizzazione. Il primo impianto ecclesiastico, datato a dopo la metà del V d. C. secolo, sorge su un precedente impianto termale realizzato intorno al II secolo d. C. ed appare caratterizzato da un forte carattere monumentale. La chiesa, a tre navate, presentava un presbiterio rialzato decorato in una prima fase da un opus sectile poi sostituito nel VI secolo da un mosaico policromo. Sono state rinvenute inoltre, parti consistenti della decorazione architettonica di fine VIII secolo pertinente questo stesso impianto che non subirà importanti modifiche fino alla realizzazione del successivo edificio di culto medievale, meno esteso e dai caratteri decisamente meno monumentali, caratterizzato dalla presenza di un esteso campo cimiteriale rinvenuto a nord della chiesa. A questo impianto ne succede un terzo, probabilmente a due navate, e dalla ricca decorazione pittorica demolito in età tardo rinascimentale per la realizzazione della chiesa attuale.
The excavation of the church of Santa Maria Maggiore allowed us to gain important information on the history of the city of Trento during the Late Antiquity and the process of Christianization. The first church, of the second half of Vth century AD, stands on a previous thermal structure built around the IInd century AD and is characterized by a strong monumental character. The church, with three naves, presented a raised presbytery, decorated (during the first phase) with an opus sectile then replaced in the VIth century by a polychrome mosaic. Were also found major parts of the architectural decoration of late VIIIth century, belonging to this same system, which won't be significantly modified until the completion of the subsequent medieval religious building, much less extensive and with less monumental aspect, characterized by the presence of an extensive cemetery found at north of the church. The third structural phase, organized in two naves, had rich fresco decorations, and was demolished in the Late Renaissance to build the present church.