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Journal articles on the topic 'L2 VPN'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Wang, Wei, and Chang Shi Li. "Software Implementation of Kompella-Based L2VPN." Applied Mechanics and Materials 511-512 (February 2014): 1230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.511-512.1230.

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MPLS L2VPN is used to transparently pass users’ L2 data through MPLS network, with the common implementation model of Martini L2VPN by using LDP as the signaling. In spite of its wide application, the configuration of its capacity expansion is cumbersome and the cross-domain problem is insolvable. Therefore, based on the label swapping technology of MPLS, this paper adopts kompella-based approach for L2VPN implementation and mainly focuses on packet forwarding and controlling. Firstly, it does not make direct CE connections, but partitions different VPN in the whole SP (Service Provider) and g

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S, Amaresan, and Atchaya T. "MPLS L2-VPN Performance Enhancement in MPLS Network using Resource Reservation Protocol –TE." IJARCCE 8, no. 3 (2019): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2019.8316.

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Efendi, Efendi, and Haeruddin Haeruddin. "Analisa Jaringan VPN MPLS L3 dan L2 Dimasa Pandemi COVID-2019 untuk Mendukung Work From Home." Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Bisnis 13, no. 1 (2022): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47927/jikb.v13i1.273.

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Pada akhir tahun 2019 sampai 2021 virus corona (COVID-19) telah melanda sebagian besar negara, penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sebagai pedoman dalam pembatasan jarak sosial yang diajukan pemerintah dan departemen kesehatan pada masa pandemi. Tujuan pada penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana mengimplementasikan dan membandingkan penggunaan jaringan MPLS VPN L3 dan L2 pada masa COVID-19 untuk mendukung dunia pendidikan dan industri dengan menggunakan parameter Implementasi, Quality of Service (QoS), Keamanan, dan Skalabiliti. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah Network Develo

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M, Aarthi, and Suganya R. "MPLS L2-VPN using Atom with Like to Like Circuit using Ethernet at Layer 2." IJARCCE 8, no. 3 (2019): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2019.8314.

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Florin, Luise, Cornelia Sapp, Rolf E. Streeck, and Martin Sapp. "Assembly and Translocation of Papillomavirus Capsid Proteins." Journal of Virology 76, no. 19 (2002): 10009–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.19.10009-10014.2002.

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ABSTRACT The major and minor capsid proteins of polyomavirus are preassembled in the cytoplasm and translocated to the nucleus only as a VP1-VP2/VP3 complex. In this study, we describe independent nuclear translocation of the L1 major protein and the L2 minor capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 33 by several approaches. First, we observed that expression and nuclear translocation of L2 in natural lesions precede expression of L1. Second, using a cell culture system for coexpression, we found that accumulation of L2 in nuclear domain 10 (ND10) subnuclear structures precedes L1 by severa

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Vincze, Laszlo, Nick Joyce, and Kimmo Vehkalahti. "Military L2 immersion." Language, Interaction and Acquisition 8, no. 2 (2017): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lia.16002.vin.

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Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine some of the motivations and longitudinal consequences of military service in L2 Swedish for L1 Finnish conscripts in Finland’s only Swedish language garrison. Cross-sectional data (N = 42), analyzed with Bayesian path analysis, indicates that promotional instrumentality enhanced participants’ L2 ideal selves, but integrative orientation did not. The L2 ideal self predicts L2 learning intentions in the army, but only among learners with low L2 proficiency at the beginning of military service. Longitudinal data (N = 17), analyzed with a Ba

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Syczewska, Aleksandra, and Ulla Licandro. "Children Who Lead Get the Language They Need!?" Frühe Bildung 10, no. 2 (2021): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/2191-9186/a000518.

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Zusammenfassung. Der Zugang zu Peer-Interaktionen im Freispiel stellt eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für die Teilhabe am frühpädagogischen Alltag dar. Insbesondere Kinder mit (noch) geringen Kompetenzen in der Umgebungssprache sind auf vielfältige kommunikative Strategien angewiesen, um Interaktionen zu initiieren und sind einem höheren Risiko ausgesetzt, von ihren Peers ignoriert oder abgelehnt zu werden. In der vorliegenden Querschnittsstudie wurden erstmals die Peer-Interaktionen von Kindern im Zweitspracherwerb (L2-Erwerb; N = 30; M Alter = 4;4 Jahre) im Hinblick auf die Initiierungsstrate

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van Ingen, Kirsten. "De Invloed Van Snelheid Van Woordherkenning en Kennis Van Woordbetekenis op Nt2-Tekstbegrip." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 63 (January 1, 2000): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.63.10van.

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The performance in Dutch reading comprehension of advanced L2 learners still lags behind the performance of L1 learners. This study investigates the role of inefficient word recognition and knowledge of L2 vocabulary as two of the explanatory factors for problems with reading comprehension. The results of this study show that inefficient word recognition cannot account for problems with reading comprehension of L2-learners at the intermediate level of secondary education. There was no significant difference between the speed of word recognition between L2 learners and L1 learners. Nor was ther

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Vandeweerd, Nathan, Alex Housen, and Magali Paquot. "Applying phraseological complexity measures to L2 French." International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 7, no. 2 (2021): 197–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.20015.van.

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Abstract This study partially replicates Paquot’s (2018, 2019) study of phraseological complexity in L2 English by investigating how phraseological complexity compares across proficiency levels as well as how phraseological complexity measures relate to lexical, syntactic and morphological complexity measures in a corpus of L2 French argumentative essays. Phraseological complexity is operationalized as the diversity (root type-token ratio; RTTR) and sophistication (pointwise mutual information; PMI) of three types of grammatical dependencies: adjectival modifiers, adverbial modifiers and direc

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van de Craats, Ineke. "De Wet Van Behoud Van Structuur." Toegepaste taalwetenschap in discussie 58 (January 1, 1998): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.58.18cra.

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his paper deals with the L2 conservation hypothesis. It is argued that, in its initial stages, adult L2 acquisition is primarily determined by the LI grammatical system. The acquisition model presented here is in line with the Full Transfer/Full Access hypothesis of Schwartz and Sprouse but is more specific as for the terms transfer (= conservation) and access, and as for the development of morphology. The learner is using his LI system with a target language vocabulary, which has the paradoxical consequence that the LI impact seems to grow the more L2 the learner acquires. This pattern is ill

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Włosowicz, Teresa Maria. "Die Sprachverarbeitung bei mehrsprachigen Lernern am Beispiel der L2–L3, L3–L2 und L3–L1-Übersetzung und der Erkennung auf der L2 basierter Fehler in der L3." Germanica Wratislaviensia 147 (October 3, 2022): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0435-5865.147.8.

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Die Studie hat zum Zweck, die Verarbeitung von drei gleichzeitig aktivierten Sprachen zu erforschen. Es werden zwei Typen von Aufgaben benutzt: die Identifikation und Korrektur von auf der L2 basierten Fehlern in der L3, und die Übersetzung in drei Richtungen: L3–L1, L3–L2 und L2–L3. Wie die Ergebnisse zeigen, nahmen alle drei Sprachen an der Verarbeitung teil und eine relativ wichtige Rolle spielte die „Assoziation der Fremden“: Die deutschen Bedeutungen der wörtlich übersetzten Idiome und falscher Freunde wurden auch in den englischen Sätzen aktiviert und die Sätze wurden oft verstanden, als

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Ryu, Su-Rin, Jiyeon Kook, Hongoak Yun, and Dong Gyu Chung. "Ausdrucksstrategien und Kognition der räumlichen Relationen von L2-Deutschlernenden." Journal for german Culture and Literature 30 (December 31, 2021): 167–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32681/jgcl.30.7.

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Fredriksson, Christine. "Strategien im L2-Erwerb. Eine kritische Diskussion." Moderna Språk 108, no. 2 (2014): 17–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v108i2.7993.

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Seit Selinkers Entwurf der Interlanguage Theory in den 70er-Jahren des 20. Jh. sind Lern- und Kommunikationsstrategien bis heute Gegenstand einer groβen Anzahl von theoretischen und empirischen Arbeiten innerhalb der L2-Erwerbsforschung gewesen. Als Prozesse, die direkt mit dem Lernen oder der kommunikativen Anwendung der Zielsprache in Verbindung gebracht werden, haben sie auch weiterhin einen groβen Stellenwert innerhalb kognitiver Ansätze, die nach fruchtbaren Erklärungen suchen, wie Lernende eine L2 bzw. Fremdsprache effektiver lernen und gebrauchen können, um ihre kommunikativen Ziele ver

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BRAVERMAN, MAXIM, ALAN CAREY, MICHAEL FARBER, and VARGHESE MATHAI. "L2 TORSION WITHOUT THE DETERMINANT CLASS CONDITION AND EXTENDED L2 COHOMOLOGY." Communications in Contemporary Mathematics 07, no. 04 (2005): 421–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219199705001866.

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We associate determinant lines to objects of the extended abelian category built out of a von Neumann category with a trace. Using this we suggest constructions of the combinatorial and the analytic L2 torsions which, unlike the work of the previous authors, requires no additional assumptions; in particular we do not impose the determinant class condition. The resulting torsions are elements of the determinant line of the extended L2 cohomology. Under the determinant class assumption the L2 torsions of this paper specialize to the invariants studied in our previous work [6]. Applying a recent

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Czinglar, Christine, Anne-Christin Schumacher, Farzona Mirova, and Sarah Faseli. "Lit-L1-L2: Ein Instrument zur Einschätzung literaler Kompetenzen von neu zugewanderten Jugendlichen in der L1 Dari und der L2 Deutsch." Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache 47, no. 4 (2020): 376–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/infodaf-2020-0066.

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ZusammenfassungFür die Zuweisung von neu zugewanderten Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen zu Vorbereitungsklassen und Integrationskursen ist es notwendig, neben den Fähigkeiten in der Zweitsprache (L2) auch die literalen Kompetenzen in der Erstsprache (L1) miteinzubeziehen. Das Instrument Lit-L1-L2 wurde entwickelt, um basale literale Kompetenzen von Lernenden mit L1 Dari und geringen Deutschkenntnissen zu erheben, und kann von Lehrkräften ohne Kenntnisse in Dari eingesetzt werden, da es auf einer sprachübergreifenden Bewertung des Verhaltens und des Schriftbildes basiert.

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Van Mensel, Luk, Amélie Bulon, Isa Hendrikx, Fanny Meunier, and Kristel Van Goethem. "Effects of input on L2 writing in English and Dutch." Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 8, no. 2 (2020): 173–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jicb.18034.van.

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Abstract This study aims to explore the impact of formal and informal input on learners’ variability in writing, and to compare two target-language conditions (Dutch and English) in CLIL and non-CLIL settings in French-speaking Belgium. A regression model shows that CLIL is a significant predictor of L2 outcomes for both target languages, but that the relative impact of formal and informal input differs depending on the target language. In short, the amount of formal language exposure predicts the outcomes of the written productions of the learners of English, and the frequency of informal exp

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Fialová, Edita, and Iva Zündorf. "Idiomatizität, Usualität und Chunking? : zur Rolle der sprachgebrauchsbasierten schematischen Sequenzen für die Entwicklung der L2-relevanten Sprachkompetenzen." Brünner Beiträge zur Germanistik und Nordistik, no. 1 (2023): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/bbgn2023-1-3.

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Der Artikel fokussiert zum einen spezifische Parameter der Mehrwortlexik, die für das theoretische Verständnis des Mehrwortlexikons wichtig sind. Zum anderen wird die Rolle der Mehrworteinheiten bzw. Chunks im Prozess der Entwicklung von L2-relevanten Sprachkompetenzen diskutiert. Am Beispiel einer praktischen Übungstypologie der L2-Mehrworteinheiten werden konkrete Lernschritte zur Entwicklung der interaktiven L2-Kompetenz vorgeschlagen und kommentiert.

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Andruchow, Esteban. "Short Geodesics of Unitaries in the L2 Metric." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 48, no. 3 (2005): 340–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-2005-032-0.

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AbstractLet ℳ be a type II1 von Neumann algebra, τ a trace in ℳ, and L2 (ℳ, τ) the GNS Hilbert space of τ . We regard the unitary group Uℳ as a subset of L2(ℳ, τ) and characterize the shortest smooth curves joining two fixed unitaries in the L2 metric. As a consequence of this we obtain that Uℳ, though a complete (metric) topological group, is not an embedded riemannian submanifold of L2(ℳ, τ)

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Connes, Alain, and Dimitri Shlyakhtenko. "L2-homology for von Neumann algebras." Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelles Journal) 2005, no. 586 (2005): 125–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/crll.2005.2005.586.125.

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Schoonheere, E., Aurélie Welcomme, Els Schoonjans, and Sonja Janssens. "De Invloed Van Taalstatus en Taaltypologie op T2-Vaardigheid, Attitudes en Motivatie." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 81 (January 1, 2009): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.81.03sch.

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The relevance of L1 status and typology for L2 learning is often assumed. These concepts, however, are rarely the primary object of study in SLA research, in part because defining them is a complex matter. In an attempt to redress this imbalance, this explorative study investigates French L2 social-psychological dispositions and global French L2 proficiency in young learners in European schools in Brussels and Luxemburg (n=83; 585h of FSL on average). It was found that pupils with a lower status L1 (German as compared to English) display more positive L2 attitudes, higher L2 motivation and ach

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Schwendemann, Matthias, and Franziska Wallner. "„und dann isses aber trotzdem manchmal anders wie man spricht“ – Verschmelzungsformen in der gesprochenen Wissenschaftssprache von Studierenden mit Deutsch als L1 und L2." Babylonia Journal of Language Education 2 (September 18, 2024): 36–41. https://doi.org/10.55393/babylonia.v2i.374.

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Der Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Vorkommen und der Frequenz von gesprochensprachlichen Verschmelzungsformen in wissenschaftlichen Vorträgen von 121 Studierenden mit Deutsch als Erstsprache (L1) (n=25) und Deutsch als Zweit- bzw. Fremdsprache (L2) (n=96). Es wird gezeigt, dass Studierende eine Reihe von verschiedenen Klitisierungen verwenden und sich dabei deutliche Unterschiede zwischen Studierenden mit Deutsch als L1 und L2 aber auch zwischen unterschiedlichen akademischen Kontexten bzw. Erhebungsorten nachweisen lassen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie werfen zudem Desiderata hinsichtlich der Ve

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Horiba, Yukie. "Comprehension processes in L2 reading: Language competence, textual coherence, and inferences." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 18, no. 4 (1996): 433–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100015370.

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The study reported in this paper examined four groups of readers (L2-Intermediate, L2-Advanced, L1-Japanese, and L1-English) when they processed and recalled two passages that varied in degree of causal coherence (Trabasso & van den Broek, 1985). Concurrent verbal reports and recall data were collected. It was found that L1 readers used much of their attention for higher level processes such as the generation of inferences and general knowledge associations. They processed the high- and low-coherence texts differently, generating more elaborations for low-coherence texts than for high-cohe

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Ivanova-Slavianskaia, N. V. "TOWARDS THE AGENDA OF ENGLISH (L2) ACADEMIC WRITING TEACHING AT RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES: CULTURAL ASPECT." Issues of Applied Linguistics, no. 33 (2019): 67–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.33.04.

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Rijlaarsdam, Gert. "Intra- en Intertalige Transfer Van Schrijfvaardig-Heidsonderwijs." Schrijven in moedertaal en vreemde taal 40 (January 1, 1991): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.40.02rij.

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The results of two studies on writing processes are discussed. One study is about the relationship between cognitive activities and text quality in L1, the other on the relationship between Ll-writing profiency and cognitive activities during L2-writing tasks. It is argued that writing tasks in L2 should be more than mere formulating tasks and that both in L1 and in L2 teaching writing curricula should be organized around cognitive and meta-cognitive activities as generating, organizing, monitoring and evaluating in order to, reach intralingual and interlingual transfer of those activities.

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Yoo, Duck Geun. "Zur Rolle von Chunks beim Sprachgebrauch - Verarbeitung von grammatischen Kollokationen bei L1- und L2-Deutschsprechern." Koreanische Zeitschrift fuer Deutschunterricht 77 (May 31, 2020): 43–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20456/kzfd.2020.05.77.43.

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Duyck, Wouter, Kevin Diependaele, Denis Drieghe, and Marc Brysbaert. "The Size of the Cross-Lingual Masked Phonological Priming Effect Does Not Depend on Second Language Proficiency." Experimental Psychology 51, no. 2 (2004): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.51.2.116.

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Abstract. Using a masked phonological priming paradigm, Brysbaert, Van Dyck, and Van de Poel (1999) showed that Dutch-French bilinguals perform better at identifying tachistoscopically presented L2 words (e.g., oui [yes]) when those words are primed by L1 words or nonwords that are homophonic to the L2 target word according to the L1 grapheme-phoneme conversion rules (e.g., wie [who]). They noted that this priming effect was smaller for balanced bilinguals than for less proficient bilinguals, although the interaction failed to reach significance. Findings of Gollan, Forster, and Frost (1997 )

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BYLUND, EMANUEL, and SCOTT JARVIS. "L2 effects on L1 event conceptualization." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 14, no. 1 (2010): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728910000180.

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The finding that speakers of aspect languages encode event endpoints to a lesser extent than do speakers of non-aspect languages has led to the hypothesis that there is a relationship between grammatical aspect and event conceptualization (e.g., von Stutterheim and Nüse, 2003). The present study concerns L1 event conceptualization in 40 L1 Spanish – L2 Swedish bilinguals (all near-native speakers of Swedish). Spanish and Swedish differ as regards grammatical aspect: whereas Swedish lacks this grammatical category, Spanish conveys aspect through verbal morphology and periphrasis. The principal

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He, Z., and M. W. Wong. "Wavelet multipliers and signals." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series B. Applied Mathematics 40, no. 4 (1999): 437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0334270000010523.

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AbstractThe Schatten-von Neumann property of a pseudo-differential operator is established by showing that the pseudo-differential operator is a multiplier defined by means of an admissible wavelet associated to a unitary representation of the additive group Rn on the C*-algebra of all bounded linear operators from L2(Rn) into L2(Rn). A bounded linear operator on L2(R) arising in the Landau, Pollak and Slepian model in signal analysis is shown to be a wavelet multiplier studied in this paper.

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Bongaerts, Theo. "Niet-Intentioneel Gebruik van de Eerste Taal in Mondelinge Tweede-Taalproduktie." Taalproduktie 48 (January 1, 1994): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.48.03bon.

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The results are presented of a study of unintentional switches to the L1 in L2 speech production, and the relevance of the findings for current views on bilingual speech production is discussed. The data for the study are 771 unintentional switches to Dutch at the word level in a 140,000 word corpus of L2 speech produced by 45 Dutch learners of English at three different proficiency levels. The learners' use of switches to the L1 appeared to be related to their L2 proficiency level. Function words were more often involved in unintentional codeswitching than content words, particularly in the c

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Farber, Michael. "Von Neumann Categories and Extended L2 Cohomology." K-Theory 15, no. 4 (1998): 347–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1007778529430.

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Corso, Von Sara. "Vorstellung des Promotionsprojekts: Mehrsprachigkeit und Rolle der L2: : Zum Verhältnis zwischen Englisch L2 und Deutsch L3 bei italophonen Studierenden." Jahrbuch für Internationale Germanistik 52, no. 1 (2020): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/ja521_145.

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Mein Promotionsprojekt bewegt sich hauptsächlich zwischen zwei Forschungsbereichen, die im weiteren Verlauf des vorliegenden Beitrags eingeführt werden. Das Projekt möchte einen Beitrag zur Tertiärsprachenerwerbsforschung leisten, mit einem besonderen Fokus auf die Rezeption sowie auf das Leseverstehen mit Bezug auf den Mehrsprachigkeitserwerb von italophonen Studierenden mit Englisch L2 und Deutsch L3.

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Zaccaron, Rafael. "O ELO DA INTERAÇÃO: INTERACTION AND SECOND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT: A VYGOTSKIAN PERSPECTIVE." Revista X 13, no. 2 (2018): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rvx.v13i2.58229.

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Esta resenha aborda o livro de Rémi A. van Compernolle intitulado Interaction and Second Language Development: A Vygostkian Perspective cujo objetivo, segundo o autor, é estabelecer um elo entre dois nichos existentes na área de aquisição de segunda língua (L2) que tratam da interação, sendo eles: a abordagem cognitivo-interacionista (LONG, 1996; SWAIN, 1985) e a teoria sociocultural baseada nos pressupostos de Vygotsky (1978). Nesse contexto, a discussão proposta por van Compernolle tem como ponto de partida seu anseio em compreender os multifacetados processos envolvidos no aprendizado de L2

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Carey, A., M. Farber, and V. Mathai. "Correspondences, von Neumann Algebras and Holomorphic L2 Torsion." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 52, no. 4 (2000): 695–736. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2000-030-7.

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AbstractGiven a holomorphic Hilbertian bundle on a compact complex manifold, we introduce the notion of holomorphic L2 torsion, which lies in the determinant line of the twisted L2 Dolbeault cohomology and represents a volume element there. Here we utilise the theory of determinant lines of Hilbertian modules over finite von Neumann algebras as developed in [CFM]. This specialises to the Ray-Singer-Quillen holomorphic torsion in the finite dimensional case. We compute ametric variation formula for the holomorphic L2 torsion, which shows that it is not in general independent of the choice of He

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Fukuda, Saori, Riona Hatazawa, Yoshiki Kawamura, et al. "Rapid generation of rotavirus single-gene reassortants by means of eleven plasmid-only based reverse genetics." Journal of General Virology 101, no. 8 (2020): 806–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001443.

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Reassortment is an important mechanism in the evolution of group A rotaviruses (RVAs), yielding viruses with novel genetic and phenotypic traits. The classical methods for generating RVA reassortants with the desired genetic combinations are laborious and time-consuming because of the screening and selection processes required to isolate a desired reassortant. Taking advantage of a recently developed RVA reverse genetics system based on just 11 cloned cDNAs encoding the RVA genome (11 plasmid-only system), we prepared a panel of simian SA11-L2 virus-based single-gene reassortants, each contain

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Schmidt, Melanie. "Was „eine Mädchen”, „eins Mädchen” und „Ø Mädchen” gemein haben: Zur Relevanz sprachtypologischer Korrelationen beim Transfer in die L2 Deutsch aus typologisch unterschiedlichen Sprachen." Pandaemonium Germanicum 23, no. 39 (2020): 186–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1982-88372339186.

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Ob zum Austausch von zwischenmenschlichen Bedürfnissen, wie dem Gedankengut oder zu Geschäftszwecken, wie am Beispiel der Lingua Franca, galt Sprache seit jeher als das Kommunikationsmittel der menschlichen Spezies. Durch den wachsenden Bedarf an Mehrsprachigkeit im 20. Jahrhundert, rückte die Spracherwerbsforschung zunehmend ins Forschungszentrum. Die Erforschung von Deutsch als Zweitsprache (L2) anhand verschiedenster Muttersprachen (L1s) findet ihre Anfänge Mitte der 1980er Jahre (vgl. MEISEL 1975). Bereits zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts erkannten Forscher, wie SCHLEGEL (1818), die Wichtigk

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Robertson, A. Guyan. "Injective matricial Hilbert spaces." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 110, no. 1 (1991): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100070237.

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Injective matricial operator spaces have been classified up to Banach space isomorphism in [20]. The result is that every such space is isomorphic to l∞, l2, B(l2), or a direct sum of such spaces. A more natural project, given the matricial nature of the definitions involved, would be the classification of such spaces up to completely bounded isomorphism. This was done for injective von Neumann algebras in [6] and for injective operator systems (i.e. unital injective operator spaces) in [19]. It turns out that the spaces l∞ and B(l2) are in a natural way uniquely characterized up to completely

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Bauer, Lena. "Transfer von L1-Strukturen in Beschreibungen von Bewegungsereignissen bei japanischen DaF-Lernern." Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache 39, no. 1 (2012): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/infodaf-2012-0103.

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Zusammenfassung Für den Bereich der Bewegungsereignisse (motion events) gehören das Deutsche und das Japanische verschiedenen Sprachtypen an und weisen konzeptuelle Unterschiede auf, die in unterschiedlichen Lexikalisierungsmustern resultieren. In diesem Aufsatz werden zunächst die Besonderheiten beider Sprachen auf lexikalischer und syntaktischsemantischer Ebene diskutiert. Anschließend wird anhand von Ergebnissen einer Studie mit japanischen DaF-Lernern verschiedener Niveaustufen gezeigt, dass auch bei Fortgeschrittenen noch ein Transfer von L1-Strukturen auf die L2 zu beobachten ist. Andere

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Reitsma, Sieuwke. "Is De T2-Uitspraak Van Vroege Vogels Beter?" Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 83 (January 1, 2010): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.83.03rei.

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Early bilingual education is increasing in popularity. lts most important added value is thought to be pronunciation (e.g. Ioup, 2008; Birdsong, 2006). This study investigates the influence of two Dutch primary school educational settings on L2 English pronunciation, investigating aspiration (a feature of the English but not the Dutch sound system) and prevoicing (a feature of only the Dutch sound system). In general,the L2 English pronunciation of the EarlyBird (experimental), the youngest learners who started learning English in the first grade, is more native-like than that of older learner

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Wang, Joshua W., Subhashini Jagu, Wai-Hong Wu, et al. "Seroepidemiology of Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) L2 and Generation of L2-Specific Human Chimeric Monoclonal Antibodies." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 22, no. 7 (2015): 806–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00799-14.

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ABSTRACTPresently, the seroprevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) minor capsid antigen L2-reactive antibody is not well understood, and no serologic standard exists for L2-specific neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, we screened a total of 1,078 serum samples for HPV16 L2 reactivity, and these were obtained from four prior clinical studies: a population-based (n= 880) surveillance study with a high-risk HPV DNA prevalence of 10.8%, a cohort study of women (n= 160) with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and two phase II trials in women with high-grade vulvar intraepithelial

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Kucfir, Agnieszka. "De rol van de Processability Theory van Pienemann in de verwerving van het Nederlands als tweede taal bij Poolse studenten." Neerlandica Wratislaviensia 27 (March 9, 2018): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/8060-0716.27.5.

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De rol van de Processability Theory van Pienemann in de verwerving van het Nederlands als tweede taal bij Poolse studenten Pienemann’s Processability Theory PT hypothesizes that the grammatical structures of a second language are acquired in an order that is universal for all languages. The main aim of this article is to investigate the validity and reliability of this theory for the acquisition process of Dutch as L2 by Polish students. PT was tested on a group of 15 first-year Dutch philology students at the University of Wrocław, after 300 hours of intensive Dutch language course. The oral

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Buysse, Manon. "Clause linking in L2 English." EUROSLA Yearbook 15 (July 31, 2015): 41–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eurosla.15.02buy.

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The development of clause linkage in a second language has been studied extensively in the fields of applied linguistics and second language research. Several studies have focused on the development of specific types of complex structures, essentially based on the development of different classes of subordinate clauses distinguished by traditional grammar. The present contribution uses as a theoretical framework Role and Reference Grammar. RRG’s model of clause linkage proposes a different array of possible relations between combined clauses, adding the concept of cosubordination to the tradit

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CLENTON, JON. "Testing the Revised Hierarchical Model: Evidence from word associations." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 18, no. 1 (2014): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136672891400008x.

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The main purpose of the work described in this paper is to examine the extent to which the L2 developmental changes predicted by Kroll and Stewart's (1994) Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM) can be understood by word association response behaviour. The RHM attempts to account for the relative “strength of the links between words and concepts in each of the bilingual's languages” (Kroll, Van Hell, Tokowicz & Green, 2010, p. 373). It proposes that bilinguals with higher L2 proficiency tend to rely less on mediation, while less proficient L2 learners tend to rely on mediation and access L2 word

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Stojić, Aneta, and Nataša Košuta. "Kollokationen in der Fremdsprachigen Textproduktion – Am Beispiel des Sprachenpaares Kroatisch-Deutsch." Fluminensia 32, no. 2 (2020): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.32.2.4.

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Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, Einsicht in Verarbeitungsprozesse, die bei der Verwendung von kollokationalen Verbindungen in der fremdsprachigen Textproduktion aktiviert werden, zu erhalten. Da Untersuchungen der produktiven Kollokationskompetenz auf der Ebene des Sprachenpaares Kroatisch als L1 und Deutsch als Fremdsprache als L2 bisher nicht systematisch durchgeführt wurden, steht die empirische Analyse des Gebrauchs von Kollokationen in 210 Aufsätzen kroatischer DaF-Lernenden im Mittelpunkt unter Bezugnahme folgender Aspekte: Transfer aus L1 und L2 und Zahl der Kollokationsfehler, Art der Tr

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Poehner, Matthew E., Rémi A. van Compernolle, Olga Esteve, and James P. Lantolf. "A Vygotskian Developmental Approach to Second Language Education." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 17, no. 3 (2018): 238–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.17.3.238.

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This article considers the pedagogical research informed by the writings of L. S. Vygotsky concerned with the teaching and learning of languages beyond the first (L2). Following a brief overview of developments in the application of Vygotskian theory to explicating processes of L2 development in instructional settings, we consider more recent scholarship that has employed the theory as a principled basis for reconceptualizing L2 education. Three lines of research are brought into focus: Concept-Based Instruction (CBI), Dynamic Assessment (DA), and a Vygotskian approach to the preparation of L2

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Todor, Radu, Ionuţ Chiose, and George Marinescu. "Morse inequalities for covering manifolds." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 163 (September 2001): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0027763000007947.

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We study the existence of L2 holomorphic sections of invariant line bundles over Galois coverings. We show that the von Neumann dimension of the space of L2 holomorphic sections is bounded below under weak curvature conditions. We also give criteria for a compact complex space with isolated singularities and some related strongly pseudoconcave manifolds to be Moishezon. As applications we prove the stability of the previous Moishezon pseudoconcave manifolds under perturbation of complex structures as well as weak Lefschetz theorems.

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Lozada Trimbath, Minnie. "El desarrollo de proyectos en segunda lengua." Lengua y Sociedad, no. 1 (October 23, 1998): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/lengsoc.v1i1.26411.

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Al reflexionar sobre la manera cómo hemos venido trabajando en la línea de lenguaje en la escuela, los maestros tenemos una serie de interrogantes sobre distintas propuestas de cambio para nuestra práctica docente. En esta oportunidad, vamos a referirnos a un aspecto de la línea mencionada, el componente de segunda lengua (L2) en la educación bilingüe intercultural. Y dentro de esta línea, a la posibilidad de uso de la L2 en proyectos que los alumnos van a desarrollar en la práctica educativa.

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Sato, Kazuyoshi, and Paul Crane. "Developing EFL Learners’ Interactional Competence through Discursive Practice: A Longitudinal Classroom Study Using Mixed Methods." International Journal of English Language Teaching 11, no. 3 (2023): 13–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijelt.13/vol11n31351.

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Although studies on L2 IC through discursive practice have gained prominence, little is known about pedagogical steps to develop IC (Hall, et al., 2011; van Compernolle, 2015; Young, 2009, 2011, 2019), especially in the language classroom. More recently, Salaberry and Kunitz (2019) claim that “only a few attempts have been made to bridge the gap between research and practice with regard to the teaching of IC in the L2 classroom” (p. 1). Moreover, very few longitudinal studies were conducted to investigate how learners adapt interactional resources they developed with participants to a new cont

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Puchta, Ralph, and Andreas Scheurer. "Sind Metalloprotonencryptanden möglich? – DFT-Studie zur Protonenaffinität von [2.2.2]-analogen Metallocryptanden / Can Metallocryptands act as Proton Cages? – DFT Study of Proton Affinity in [2.2.2]-analogousMetallocryptands Sind Metalloprotonencryptanden m¨oglich? – DFT-Studie zur Protonenaffinit¨at von [2.2.2]-analogen Metallocryptanden." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 65, no. 3 (2010): 231—s261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2010-0303.

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Based on density functional calculations (RB3LYP/LANL2DZp) the bicyclic metallocryptand [Pd3(L2)2] [(L2)3−: 1,1´ ,1´´-nitrilotris(5,5-dimethylhexane-2,4-dione trianion)] shows the same high gas-phase basicity (−257.1 kcal mol−1) as Lehn’s [2.2.2] cryptand (−254.4 kcal mol−1). This illustrates that the concept of metallotopomers adopted by Saalfrank et al. can be applied to design proton sponges as well as proton cryptands by metallosupramolecular coordination chemistry. The slightly higher gas-phase proton affinity of [Pd3(L2)2] compared to [2.2.2] can be attributed to the smaller cavity in th

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Gunsenheimer, Brigit. "Erwerb der L2-Artikulation im Erwachsenenalter: einige offene Fragen." Brünner Hefte zu Deutsch als Fremdsprache 2, no. 1 (2009): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/bhdf2009-1-41.

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Es ist ein bekanntes Phänomen, dass sich Erwachsene im Gegensatz zu Kindern mit dem akzentfreien Lernen einer Fremdsprache schwer tun. In manchen Ansätzen zum Fremdsprachenlernen gilt dies sogar als unmöglich. Einzeluntersuchungen der letzten Jahrzehnte haben jedoch immer wieder Fälle gezeigt, in denen späte Lerner ein Ausspracheniveau erreichten, das von Muttersprachlern als authentisch eingestuft wurde. Dieser Beitrag formuliert die Frage, wie grundsätzlich ausgeschlossen das akzentfreie Lernen einer Fremdsprache im Erwachsenenalter wirklich ist und nennt einige Faktoren, die in Forschung un

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Koch, Daniela, Karlheinz Sünkel, and Wolfgang Beck. "Metallkomplexe mit biologisch wichtigen Liganden, CXI. Phosphan-Gold(I), -Nickel(II) und -Platin(II) Komplexe mit dem Anion von Hydantoin und 3,4-Pyridindicarbonsäureimid/Metal Complexes of Biologically Important Ligands, CXI. Phosphine Gold(I), Nickel(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes with the Anion of Hydantoin and of 3,4 Pyridine Dicarboxylic Imide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, no. 1 (1999): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-0118.

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The anions of hydantoin (L1) and of the imide of 3,4-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (L2) form the complexes Ph3PAu(L1-H+) (1), Ph3PAu(L2-H+) (2), (nBu3P)2Ni(L1-H+)2 (3) and the ligand bridged compounds Ph3PAu(L2-H+)M(PEt3)Cl2 (M = Pd, Pt, 4, 5). With the neutral ligand L2 the complexes Cp*Ir(Cl)2(L2) (6), (ρ-cymene)Ru(Cl)2 (L2) (7) and (Et3P)(Cl)2Pd(L2) (8) were obtained. Complexes 1, 2 and 6 were characterized by X-ray diffraction.

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