Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'LA-LIF'
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Heymann, Dominique. "Contribution à l'étude fonctionnelle de la cytokine HILDA/LIF." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2045.
Full textYang, Qiufeng. "Separation and Properties of La₂O₃ in Molten LiF-NaF-KF Salt." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87058.
Full textMaster of Science
With the fast development of modern society and economy, more and more energy is urgently needed to meet the growth of industry. Since the traditional energy, such as nature gas, coal, has limited storage and not sustainable, nuclear energy has attracted much attention in the past few decades. Although lots of study has been conducted by thousands of researchers which has attributed to application of nuclear power, there are still some concerns in this field, among which, impurities removal is the most difficult part. Fluoride salt cooled high temperature reactor (FHR) is one of the most promising Gen IV reactor types. As the name indicates, molten salt is the coolant to serve as the heat exchanger intermedium. In addition, it’s inevitable that fission products, i.e. lanthanum, moisture, would leak into the coolant pipe, thus affect the molten salt properties, even degrade reactor performance, therefore, those impurities must be removed without introducing new impurities. In this study, the La₂O₃-LiF-NaF-KF (La₂O₃-FLiNaK) system is used to demonstrate impurity separation into molten fluoride salt. First, solubility of lanthanum oxide in FLiNaK has been measured at different temperatures to understand its dissolution mechanisms. Then, electrochemical experiments with tungsten and graphite as working electrodes were conducted individually to demonstrate the separation of the dissolved oxide from the salt. It has been concluded that tungsten performed well to separate La3+, while failed in the separation of O2-. However, graphite working electrode has succeeded in the removal of La³⁺ and O²⁻. Finally, molecular dynamic simulation with first principle was also conducted to further understand the local structure and heat of formation in the molten FLiNaK and La₂O₃-FLiNaK salt.
Belmonte, Nathalie. "Voies de signalisation des événements précoces de la différenciation adipocytaire : étude des systèmes ligand/récepteur LIF/LIF-R et PGI2/IP-R dans le préadipocyte." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE5743.
Full textTaupin, Jean-Luc. "Contribution à l'étude de la cytokine LIF/HILDA et de son récepteur GP190." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28495.
Full textEscary, Jean-Louis. "Étude fonctionnelle des gènes codant pour la cytokine LIF et pour son récepteur chez la souris." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066566.
Full textTaupin, Jean-Luc. "Anticorps monoclonaux dirigés contre la cytokine humaine HILDA/LIF : production au moyen de virus de la vaccine recombinants, caractérisation et mise au point d'un test ELISA pour le dosage du HILDA/LIF." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P049.
Full textLedier, Constantin. "Application de la LIF de molécules aromatiques au dosage de carburants fossiles et biocarburants." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661595.
Full textBlanchard, Frédéric. "Contribution a l'etude de la cytokine lif et de ses recepteurs (doctorat : immunologie-biologie)." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT16VS.
Full textGrimaud, Eva. "Implications des systèmes LIF/gp130/gp190 et OPG/RANK/RANK-L dans la physiologie ostéoarticulaire." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT24VS.
Full textMany factors and molecules whose nature and roles are not yet entirely elucidated intervene in osteoarticular physiopathology. This work presents the implication of two molecular systems, LIF (Leukemia inhibitory factor)/gp130/gp190 and OPG (osteoprotegerin)/RANK(receptor activator of nuclear Factor kappa b)/RANK-L (RANK-ligand) in developmental cartilage and ostearticular pathologies. The first part of this study highlighted the presence of LIF by immunohistochemistry in the hypertrophic chondrocytes and the conjonctivo-vascular buds on sections of rat femur during endochondral ossification. These results were also confirmed at human. The presence of LIF and its expression were also highlighted by the same technique, like RT-PCR, in a cartilaginous tumour of rat, the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma. These results suggest that LIF could be implied in the differentiation of the cartilaginous cells. In a second part, the expression of LIF and its receiving chains gp130 and gp190 was studied during various stages of endochondral ossification in vitro with cellular cell line ATDC5. . .
Bitard, Juliette. "Etude structure-fonction du lif et de son récepteur de basse affinité, la gp 190." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR28979.
Full textVilmart, Gautier. "Détection de vapeurs d'atomes métalliques par fluorescence induite par laser (LIF) : application à la propulsion solide." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS523/document.
Full textDuring the PhD thesis, high-speed laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of two metallic atoms (Al and Fe) is presented, in order to use them as fluorescent markers in solid propellant flames, where they are naturally present. LIF measurements are first performed inside two different evaporation chambers used to generate aluminum vapors in controlled conditions over a broad pressure and temperature range. A theoretical model of the LIF process is elaborated and applied to both atoms in order to calculate the signal quenching rate as a function of pressure and temperature. Unavailable collisional data are determined theoretically for Fe and experimentally for Al. Energy transfer and collisional broadening coefficients are determined experimentally for the Al atom in pure nitrogen environment. Study of the signal level of Al as a function of laser intensity is undertaken to measure saturation thresholds in N₂, He and Ar as a function of pressure. The model is used to properly reproduce the temporal and spectral profiles, though some approximations and limitations remain. A first application of high-speed LIF imaging to the measurement of aluminum in a solid propellant flame (10 bar , 3000 K) is demonstrated. It allows us to clearly visualize reactive aluminum droplets in the flame and to follow their evolution in the flame
Hostein, Isabelle. "Expression du lif dans les kératinocytes en culture et dans la peau : aspects moléculaire et cellulaire." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28344.
Full textSakabedoyan, Caline. "La voie LIF/gp130/STAT3 régule le cycle cellulaire des cellules souches embryonnaires (ES) de souris." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSL0378.
Full textNdoye, Gueye Aminata. "Conception, réalisation et test d'un capteur électronique Si-LiF-Si destiné à la spectrométrie et à la dosimétrie des neutrons." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0038.
Full textCarrivain, Olivier. "Etude de la spectroscopie LIF à deux photons de la molécule CO pour des mesures en flammes à haute pression." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066273/document.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the development of two-photon laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of COfor application in high-pressure flames. Different two-photon excitation and fluorescence schemes arecompared in order to determine which one is more suitable for the detection of CO in flames. TheB1Σ+ -X1Σ+ (230 nm)/B1Σ+ -A1Π (483 nm) electronic transitions scheme is chosen. A numericalcode of two-photon LIF spectra is developed to predict the evolution of fluorescence signals over awide range of temperatures and pressures. Measurements in a high temperature and high pressure celland in a laminar CH4/air flame at 1 bar are performed from 300 to 1750 K and from 1 to 13 bars.Results indicate a square dependence of the collisional shift upon pressure and a large asymmetry ofthe spectrum at high pressure between 300 and 860 K. The detection limit is estimated to be 500 ppmin flame at 1 bar. Influence of temperature on LIF spectra is well reproduced by the simulations. Comparisonbetween measured and simulated excitation spectra lead to a flame temperature of 1750+-50K, in accordance with combustion modelling. The Lindholm profile is used in order to reproduce thepressure-dependence of the spectrum in the range 1 to 5 bars at 300 K, and 1 to 7 bars at 860 K.Planar laser induced fluorescence imaging of CO is developed in flame at 1 bar. The detection limit is900 ppm in our experimental conditions
Mynard, Vanessa. "Communication entre les voies de signalisation du lif et de la CRH dans les cellules corticotropes hypophysaires." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066233.
Full textMathieu, Marie-Emmanuelle. "Etude de la balance pluripotence-differenciation des cellules souches embryonnaires murines sous l'effet du LIF : rôle du gène MRAS." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21878/document.
Full textLIF (Leukemia Inhibitory factor), a cytokine Interleukin 6 family, allows maintaining the pluripotency of murine embryonic stem cells (mESC) in vitro. To understand the mechanisms of action of the LIF in this model, a microarray analysis was conducted and identified three « signatures LIF » : the « Pluri » (for Pluripotency) genes, whose the relative level of expression falls following the withdrawal of this cytokine, and two classes of « Lifind » (for LIF induced) genes, whose the relative expression level increases as a result of LIF addition after a culture of 24 or 48 hours without this cytokine. We have developed functional tests to study the function of the target genes of LIF in our study model. Thus, we have investigated the role of a « Pluri » gene, Mras/Rras3, a small GTPase of the Ras family, in the regulation of the expression on the one hand of markers of pluripotency, such as Oct4 and Nanog, and on the other hand of differentiation markers, such as Lef1 and Fgf5
Albrengues, Jean. "Rôle de la cytokine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) dans l'activation et le maintien des fibroblastes pro-invasifs lors de la carcinogénèse." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4107/document.
Full textSignaling crosstalk between tumor cells and fibroblasts confers proinvasive properties to the tumor microenvironment. We identify LIF as a tumor promoter that mediates proinvasive activation of stromal fibroblasts independent of alpha-smooth muscle actin expression. We demonstrate that a pulse of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) establishes stable proinvasive fibroblast activation by inducing LIF production in both fibroblasts and tumor cells. In fibroblasts, LIF mediates TGF-β-dependent actomyosin contractility and extracellular matrix remodeling, which results in collective carcinoma cell invasion. Indeed, pharmacological inhibition of JAK activity by counteracts fibroblast-dependent carcinoma cell invasion in vitro and in vivo. We next unveil that LIF initiates an epigenetic switch leading to the constitutive activation of JAK1/STAT3 signaling, which results in sustained pro-invasive activity of fibroblasts. The process is mediated by p300-histone acetyltransferase acetylation of STAT3, and DNA methyltransferase DNMT3b, which induce the hypermethylation of SHP1 phosphatase promoter and results in constitutive phosphorylation of JAK1. Sustained JAK1/STAT3 signaling is maintained by DNMT1. Accordingly, carcinomas display strong LIF upregulation, which correlates with dense collagen fiber organization, cancer cell collective invasion, and poor clinical outcome. Moreover, we show that STAT3 acetylation and phosphorylation are inversely correlated with SHP1 expression in tumors stroma. Combined inhibition of DNMT activities and JAK signaling results in long-term reversion of CAF-associated pro-invasive activity and restoration of the wild-type fibroblast phenotype
Hijazi, Hussein. "Interaction ions-surfaces : étude de la pulvérisation du fluorure de lithium LiF par technique d'imagerie XY-TOF-SIMS." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00634553.
Full textHijazi, Hussein. "Interaction ions-surfaces : étude de la pulvérisation du fluorure de lithium LiF par technique d’imagerie XY-TOF-SIMS." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2032.
Full textThe deposition of energy lost by a fast ionic projectile in the target leads to the ejection of material in the form of atoms or clusters (“sputtering”). The measurements of yields, energy and angular distributions of sputtered particles contribute to the understanding of the initial microscopic processes of damage and defect creation in materials. A new UHV system (AODO) allows measuring the mass distributions and the velocity vectors of each emitted secondary ion by means of time-of-flight and imaging techniques XY-TOF-SIMS (“Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy“) with well prepared target surfaces. Here, we focus on the sputtering of lithium fluoride (an ionic crystal, a large band gap insulator ≈ 14 eV) by fast heavy ions (≈ 10 MeV/u). As a function of the electronic stopping power Se, two regimes for the evolution of secondary ions yield Y with Se are observed. At low Se (< 8 keV/nm), weak perturbation regime, Y ~ Se2. At high Se (> 8 keV/nm), strong perturbation regime, a saturation Y = constant is observed. The experimental data permit also to test the theoretical models existing in the literature (for example: shock wave model, thermal spike, Coulomb explosion. . . ). It appears that none of these models can correctly describe the ensemble of the experimental observations. However, the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution describes the energy distributions of the emitted ions. This gives us a possible indication that the processes generating the sputtering could be mainly of thermal origin
DUPLOMB, LAURENCE. "Contribution a l'etude des recepteurs de la cytokine lif : complexe gp130/gp190 et man 6-p/igfii-r." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077078.
Full textGaillard, Yves. "Initiation de la plasticité sous nanoindentation dans MgO et LiF : étude de l'organisation des dislocations et des contraintes associées." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2276.
Full textThe aim of this work is to understand the deformation mechanisms in MgO and LiF monocrystals during the first stages of plasticity involved during a nanoindentation test. In this way, we have developed a new technique (nanoetching) based upon chemical etching, controlled chemo-mechanical polishing and further AFM observations. Nanoetching provide a full description of the 3 dimensional dislocation structure (burgers vectors and glide planes) and the dislocation interaction. This technique had also allow to clarify the process of dislocation nucleation, especially during the elastic - elasto-plastic transition. Finally, some of these dislocation structure, quite simple, were modelled from the expression of the stress field created around a spherical indenter
CONQUET, FRANCOIS. "Etude fonctionnelle du gene codant pour le facteur de croissance lif au cours de l'embryogenese precoce de la souris." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066447.
Full textGrosset, Christophe. "Cellule endothéliale et production de facteurs de croissance hématopoi͏̈étiques. Etude de l'expression et de la régulation de l'expression du LIF." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28552.
Full textElliott, Jimmy. "Contrôle de la compétence temporelle des cellules progénitrices de la rétine par Ikaros et rôle de la voie du CNTF/LIF dans la différenciation et l'apoptose des photorécepteurs bâtonnets." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25118/25118.pdf.
Full textLECOMTE, MARIE-JOSE. "Etude de la regulation du gene codant la peripherine de souris recherche des elements impliques dans la restriction d'expression identification des mecanismes responsables de l'activation par le lif." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077244.
Full textDESSOLIN, SOPHIE. "Regulation de l'expression du gene ob dans les cellules adipeuses et etude de l'effet adipogenique du lif sur la differenciation adipocytaire." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE5113.
Full textMaury, Cécile. "Spectroscopies analytiques innovantes pour l'amélioration de la sûreté des réacteurs nucléaires à neutrons rapides refroidis au sodium (RNRNa)." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807954.
Full textAksoy, Irène. "Identification et caractérisation fonctionnelle des gènes cibles de la voie LIF/STAT3 impliqués dans le contrôle de l’autorenouvellement des cellules souches embryonnaires de souris." Lyon 1, 2008. http://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6nc5z9x.
Full textLIF activates the transcription factor STAT3, resulting in the maintenance of mouse pluripotent ES cells in the undifferentiated state by inhibiting mesodermal and endodermal differentiation. To unravel the mechanisms of LIF/STAT3-dependant pluripotency, we identified target genes of this pathway and characterize their role in the inhibition of differentiation. We identified 58 targets of STAT3. Functional analysis showed that 22 of them showed an increase of differentiated colonies in a self-renewal assay, and an elevation of early differentiation markers upon knockdown. Pim1 and Pim3 were shown to protect ES cells from differentiation induced by LIF starvation when overexpressed, demonstrating their role in the maintenance of pluripotency. The 22 STAT3 target genes analysed fell into two categories, one suppressing mesoderm and the other endoderm differentiation, as evidenced by the differential expression of mesoderm and endoderm markers after knockdown. Two genes, Klf4 and Klf5 were examined in more details. We demonstrated that knockdown of Klf4 induced ectopic expression of endodermal regulators and resulted in an increase of cells differentiating into extraembryonic and definitive endoderm. Whereas Klf5 knockdown induced expression of the panmesodermal regulator Brachyury and an increase of cells differentiating into mesoderm. Our work shows that the LIF/STAT3 pathway maintains the undifferentiated state of ES cells by activating the expression of target genes involved in the suppression of mesoderm or endoderm differentiation. And it highlights the central role played by Klf4 and Klf5 in self-renewal and commitment of mouse ES cells into mesoderm and endoderm
Robledo, Olivier. "Activation des sous-unités réceptrices du complexe gp130 et du récepteur au LIF par le leukémia inhibitory factor, le ciliary neurotrophic factor et la cardiotrophine 1." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2357.
Full textMoreau-Aubry, Agnès. "Caracterisation du locus genetique de la cytokine hilda/lif : application a l'etude de deletions du bras long du chromosome 22, impliquees dans les neurinomes acoustiques et des meningiomes." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT13VS.
Full textLabreche, Amine. "Potentiel de la combustion partiellement prémélangée pour les moteurs essence." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2032/document.
Full textCarbon dioxide (CO₂) and other pollutant emission limitations are more and more rigorous. These limits conduct cars manufacturers to study new combustion concept, in order to increase conventional gasoline engine efficiencies. Gasoline Partially premixed combustion concept (GPPC) seems to have the potential to reach these objectives, in other terms an efficiencies comparable to diesel engine by with emissions of gasoline engine, which mean a low cost after-treatment system. This study investigates, by an experimental approach, the physical process responsible on controlling this combustion concept and by the way improves it. This will be done by studying the mixture preparation and the combustion behaviour. The first part of this work concerns on determining the impact of in-cylinder thermodynamic conditions, injection strategy and the dilution rate on combustion behaviour using a single cylinder all metal engine. Three distinctive heat release rates were selected; where one represent the optimized injection phasing in term of efficiencies and pollutant emissions. The second part was dedicated to studying the process involved in GPPC combustion mode by optical diagnostic techniques on single cylinder optical access diesel engine. The impact of second injection phasing, fuel and air interaction and also the fuel combustion process allowed the validation of hypothesis emitted in the first part to explain the combustion behaviour and give ways to control this combustion mode
Bousquet, Corinne. "Interconnexions entre voies de signalisation des recepteurs de cytokines et recepteurs couples aux g-proteines : shp-1, un element critique commun des signaux transductionnels du lif et de la somato statine." Toulouse 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU30198.
Full textBonan, Stéphanie. "Rôle d’ICAM-1 dans le remodelage de la matrice extracelllulaire par les fibroblastes tumoraux." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4043/document.
Full textActo-myosin contractility in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts leads to the assembly of the tumor extracellular matrix. The pro-inflammatory cytokine LIF governs fibroblast activation in cancer by regulating the myosin light chain 2 activity. So far, however, how LIF mediates cytoskeleton contractility remains unknown. Using phenotypic screening assays based on knock down of LIF-dependent genes in fibroblasts, we identified ICAM1 as a crucial regulator of stroma fibroblast proinvasive matrix remodeling. We demonstrate that ICAM1 is necessary and sufficient to promote inflammation-dependent extracellular matrix organization, which leads to cancer cell invasion. Indeed, ICAM1 mediates generation of acto-myosin contractility downstream of the Src kinases in stromal fibroblasts. Moreover, acto-myosin contractility regulates ICAM1 expression, establishing a positive feedback signaling. Thus, targeting stromal ICAM1 might constitute a possible therapeutic mean to counteract tumor cell invasion and dissemination
Sala, Hojman Ada. "Molecular mechanisms involved in the immunomodulation induced by LIF in cancer." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398852.
Full textLIF és una citoquina que actua corn un factor immunomodulador en diferents processos biologics, corn en la implantacio de l'embrio, en la tolerancia en trasplantaments d'argans i en I'esclerosi multiple. Hem observat que aquells tumors que expressen LIF, sofreixen una inhibicio del creixement tumoral en resposta al seu bloqueig. Aquest efecte esta mitjangat per la polaritzacio de les cel•ules mieloides associades al tumor (TAMCs) cap a un fenotip M2. LIF sustenta l'expressio de CCL22, MRC1 i CD163 en monacits alats de sang periferica de donants sans, en TAMCs de models singenics de ratolf (cancer de pulmo, ovari i colon), en models xenagrafts derivats de pacients i en cultius organotipics de glioblastoma. Demostrem que el bloqueig de LIF disminueix la secrecio de CCL22 de les TAMCs, prevenint la infiltracio tumoral de les cel•ules T reguladores (Tregs) i induint el reclutament de cel•ules T efectores (Teff) i de natural killer (NKs), el que comporta un augment en I'apoptosi de les cel•ules tumorals. Hem observat una correlacio positiva entre l'expressio de marcadors del fenotip M2 i LIF en pacients de glioblastoma. Alts nivells d'aquests factors confereixen un mal pronastic. D'altra banda, hem estudiat un dels mecanismes mitjangant el qual LIF podria modular la inhibicio de les Teff i NKs: la regulacio PDL1. Hem observat que despres de tractar els ratolins amb l'anticas anti-LIF, l'expressio de PDL1 disminueix tant en les cel•ules tumorals corn en les TAMCs. A mes, hem trobat una correlacio positiva entre l'expressio de PDL1 i LIF en pacients amb glioblastoma, i ambdues protenes correlacionen amb CD44, un marcador d'una poblacio enriquida amb cel•ules iniciadores de tumor (CICs). Alts nivells d'aquests tres factors confereixen un mal pronastic. Aixf doncs, hem demostrat que LIF actua corn un supressor immunologic en processos tumorals, recapitulant la seva funcio normal en altres processos biologics. LIF es un pont entre la resposta immunolagica innata i I'adaptativa a traves de la induccio de la secrecio de CCL22 de les TAMCs, i la posterior regulacio de les Tregs, Teff i NKs. Els nostres resultats identifiquen LIF corn una diana terapeutica immuno-oncolagica prometedora i estableixen el potencial translacional d'agents inhibidors de LIF.
De, Gois Stéphanie. "Etude de la régulation de l'expression des gènes imbriqués codant la choline acétyltransferase et le transporteur vésiculaire de l'acétylcholine chez le rat." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066140.
Full textBossard, Pierre-Edouard. "Développement d'une stratégie de post-traitement pour l'analyse de la combustion prémélangée : application à une flamme turbulente swirlée." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC037/document.
Full textOne of the major ways of reducing pollutant emissions in gas turbines is using combustion chambers with lean premixed mixtures. However, in such operating conditions the flame is more susceptible to thermo-acoustic instabilities. In the present work, a propane-fed swirled burner using two injection stages is used to illustrate a post-processing strategy for premixed combustion analysis. This model burner has been studied using classic diagnostics (microphones, PLIF, highspeed imaging).The strategy developed in the present work uses both classic postprocessing tools (PSD, phase averaging) and an advanced method, the Dynamic Mode Decomposition. In particular, this method is studied in detail and compared to more lassic ones in order to clearly point its advantages as well as its shortcomings when used to study combustion instabilities
Latchoumanin, Olivier. "Activation synergique du promoteur POMC PAR CRH et LIF : effet des glucocorticoides." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077119.
Full textMolecular mechanisms responsible for synergy between LIF and CRH on the POMC promoter activation, converge at the NurRE-STAT site. How glucocorticoids (GC) modulate the LIF+CRH synergism has been tested on different POMC promoter constructs. The low inhibitory effect of DEX on LIF+CRH synergy in the whole promoter and a LIF+DEX synergy at the NurRE-STAT site suggested a cooperation between LIF and GC. Indeed, the STAT site alone was necessary and sufficient for LIF+DEX synergy. We found an interaction between STAT and GR that was further confirmed by single and sequential chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. Indeed, both transcription factors STAT3 and GR are co-recruited at the POMC promoter during LIF+DEX stimulation. Increased levels of POMC expression by LIF+DEX may contribute to the tonicity of the HPA axis during inflammatory and infectious diseases
Osteil, Pierre. "Étude de la pluripotence des cellules souches embryonnaires chez le lapin." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10301.
Full textEmbryonic stem cells (ESCs) result from cultures of inner cell masses (ICMs) isolated at preimplantation blastocyst stage. ESCs are defined by their self-renewal capacity, characterized by robust proliferation while maintaining plutipotent potential, the ability to give rise to cells from all three germ layers mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm. Mouse ESCs (mESCs) allow the production of transgenic models by site-specific mutagenesis. Human ESCs (hESCs) represent major hope for regenerative medicine in order to treat degenerative diseases like Parkinson or Huntington. The more relevant model of Human is monkey. However, working on this specie is subjected to extremely strict regulation. Consequently it is very important to develop alternative animal models. Rabbit appears to be a very good candidate, because he is phylogenetically closer to Human than the mouse. My thesis project aimed to study the pluripotency mechanism of rabbit ESCs (rESCs), in order to use these cells for the production of transgenic animal models for human diseases. First part of theses analyses is synthesized in a publication into Biology Open in 2013 (Osteil et al. 2013). Other analyses produced new rESCs lines stabilized in a closer state compared to ICM state. All these results led to obtain solid knowledge on pluripotency and derivation on so-called naïve ESCs in a non-rodent specie
Tran, Bich Ngoc. "Modélisation de la Fluorescence Induite par Laser saturée à trois niveaux sur le radical CH. : validation expérimentale sur des flammes laminaires." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0933.
Full textMaurice, Guillaume. "Etude expérimentale de l'interection turbulence cavitation dans un écoulement de marche descendante cavitant : application à la problématique du "blackflow" l'amont des turbopompes de moteurs fusées." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI040/document.
Full textThe present study is inserted in the framework of previous research which aim to get a better understanding of turbulent and cavitating phenomena which occur in the spatial turbopump. Actually, the specific topology of the detached flow which takes place upstream the inducer is today miss-predicted by the standard numerical models.Taking into account the huge complexity of such a flow it has been decided to experimentally investigate the backward-facing step flow which is recognized as a benchmark for numerical simulations and cover a large area of similitude with the backflow upstream the inducers.For this purpose, the mean and turbulent quantities of the liquid phase in the presence of the vapor phase as well as spatio-temporal correlations have been investigated using stereoscopic time resolved PIV, the void ratio has been determined using X-Ray attenuation techniques and measurements have been made for different cavitation levels. The main originality of the present work is based on instantaneous measurements of the wall pressure signals correlated with high speed visualizations, PIV and X-Ray measurements. Specific signal processing as Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and Linear Stochastic Estimation has been performed in order to estimate the velocity-density correlations useful to evaluate the void ratio transport. In this experimental work the physical mechanisms of the vapour phase effects on the large vortex structures, shear layer instability, reattachment wall and reverse flow have been investigated to determine what physical assumptions can be applied in the usual cavitation and turbulence models.It has been found for the cavitating cases that the growth of turbulent kinetic energy is not correlated to mean and turbulent shear stresses. This experimental observation is in contradiction with the Boussinesq hypothesis used for the linear eddy viscosity models.Moreover concerning the phase-change modelization for high void fraction, the barotropic models seem to disagree with our experiments
Lédée-Bataille, Nathalie. "Cytokines et implantation embryonnaire chez la femme : vers une application clinique." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066542.
Full textBrettar, Jonathan. "Développement de techniques optiques pour la caractérisation de brouillards de gouttes dans les foyers aéronautiques." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESAE0035/document.
Full textThe optimization of combustion chambers is generally carried out using numerical simulation tools.When fuel is injected in liquid form, the simulation quality depends on the boundary conditionsimposed to this phase close to the injector (diameter, velocity and volume flux of the droplets, slipvelocity between phases). These boundary conditions are usually set from an experimental analysisunder realistic conditions of injection, which in the best case uses Phase Doppler Anemo-granulometry(PDA). However, this point measurement technique is time consuming for an overall injectorcharacterization and provides a measurement of the volume flux with some limitations. It is alsodifficult to access variables such as the velocity of the gas phase in the presence of droplets. Toaddress this problem, it seems appropriate to implement spatially resolved optical diagnostictechniques. This study consists in the development of optical field techniques which combine approaches based onMie scattering, fluorescent emission from droplets or tracers and use PIV algorithms to characterizesimultaneously and quantitatively size, velocity and volume flux of the dispersed phase, and velocityof the continuous phase in droplet sprays in a realistic configuration of aeronautical injector. Aparticular attention is given to the study of the measurement accuracy. Thus, comparisons are carriedout with complete databases obtained with the PDA. The analysis of these results is faced withphysical optics models governing phenomena of fluorescence and light scattering by particles usingsimulations. This approach allows us to effectively interpret the results obtained by direct imaging anddefine acquisition and processing parameters ensuring optimum accuracy
Vincent, Guillaume. "Procédé d'élimination de la pollution de l'air par traitement photocatalytique : application aux COVs." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL037N/document.
Full textPhotocatalytic oxidation of airborne contaminants appears to be a promising process for remediation of air polluted by Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). The aim of our study is the photocatalytic oxidation of several VOCs using an annular reactor: methylethylketone (MEK), acetone, 1-propanol and triethylamine (TEA). First, the influence of different kinetic parameters such as pollutant concentration, incident light irradiance, contact time and humidity has been studied. A mechanistic pathway has been indeed proposed for each pollutant according to the produced intermediates species detected by GC/MS. Second, the diffusion of hydroxyls radicals OH• in gas phase, after photonic activation of TiO2, has been highlighted using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF). For the first time, OH• radicals have been detected at atmospheric pressures, close to the major photocatalytic oxidation conditions, leading to the assumption that the photocatalytic degradation of VOCs might be at least partially occurs between pollutants and OH• radicals in gas-phase
Studer, Damien. "Analyse quantitative d'un plasma d'air subsonique simulant la rentrée atmosphérique terrestre." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES068.
Full textBieber, Thomas. "Etude expérimentale d'une source plasma RF à configuration hélicon dans le mélange Ar/H2 : application à la gravure chimique de surfaces graphitiques dans le cadre des interactions plasma-paroi du divertor d'ITER." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0011/document.
Full textPlasma-wall interactions are one of the main issues in fusion research and must be thoroughly studied to progress in this topic. The objective of this work is to develop an atomic hydrogen source at low pressure (< Torr) in a helicon configuration reactor working in H2/Ar gas mixture. This source is then used to study the chemical etching of graphite and carbon fiber composites composing the limiter of the Tore Supra tokamak. Depending on the experimental conditions, the RF power coupling of the reactor can be in capacitive, inductive, Trivelpiece-Gould or low field helicon mode. The characterization of these modes determined that in this case the inductive one presents the greatest interest for the atomic hydrogen source. Further studies in inductive mode showed that increasing the confinement magnetic field leads to a decrease of measured relative densities of two metastable levels of argon ion and one metastable state of neutral argon. A simple model simulating neutral metastable state behavior confirmed that these levels are destroyed by electronic collisions towards upper levels. The chemical etching of graphite exposed to the atomic hydrogen source is relatively efficient (up to 3 µm/h) at 10 mTorr and drops with the pressure. A qualitative analysis of atomic hydrogen kinetics concluded that this behavior is due to the decrease of atomic hydrogen flux on the sample with increasing pressure. Finally, first observations of the etched surface underlined different structures (nanoparticles clusters and deposits). These can be compared to the ones observed in different tokamaks
Sarda, Estève Roland. "Étude de la variabilité des bioaérosols atmosphériques en région île de France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASJ004.
Full textAtmospheric bioaerosols are particles of primary biological aerosols suspended in the air and referred in the literature as: Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAPs). PBAPs have very different sizes and coposition. They have the ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nuclei and thus participate in the water cycle on earth. They can be transported far from their sources and they can in this way colonize new ecosystems. Their allergenic or pathogenic propoeries have an impact on human and animal health. This work on the variability of atmospheric bioaerosols in the Ile de France region concerns pollens, molds and bacteria. The observations were made in the boundary layer at the SIRTA/LSCE observatory. This pioneering work in the Ile-de-France region had the objective to: (1) document the interannual, seasonal and daily variability specific to each of the PBAPs, (2) determine their respective geographical origins, (3) study the meteorological parameters that control their life cycle in the atmosphere. My last objective (4) has been to develop an on line instrumenst to measure in real time BPAPs concentrations with a focus on pollen
Mohamed, Ajmal Khan. "Métrologie optique en hypersonique à haute enthalpie pour la rentrée atmosphérique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829327.
Full textElliott, Jimmy. "Contrôle de la compétence temporelle des cellules progénitrices de la rétine par Ikaros et rôle de la voie du CNTF/LIF dans la différenciation et l'apoptose des photorécepteurs bâtonnets /." 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25118/25118.pdf.
Full textHamelin, Morrissette Jovane. "Étude de la régulation de l'inflammation par leukemia inhibitory factor et un dérivé de l'acide aminobenzoïque." Thèse, 2020. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/9700/1/eprint9700.pdf.
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