Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'La Poste – France – 1945-1990'
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Mahouche, Bruno. "Les centres de tri de la Poste de la région parisienne : l'évolution des pratiques d'organisation entre contraintes de fonctionnement et logiques sociales (1946-1989)." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082494.
Full textAn analysis of the way sorting offices of the Paris region post office have been organised from 1946 to 1989 allows us to see that organisational changes within this institution have taken on new forms as internal political, social and technical changes have come about. Organisational practices have appeared as the result of interactions between operational constraints, managerial influence and the attitudes of the various sectors involved in the change process. The organisational structures which have evolved clearly show on the one hand that the division of labour and the organisation of the labour force in sorting offices, and professional qualification and working culture of employees depend on political, social and economic contingencies, but also that the changes in the organisation have contributed to a greater level of employee specialism
Pekassa, Ndam Gérard. "Le régime financier de la poste et de France Télécom." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010286.
Full textTTo which financial, accountant and fiscal rules could be bound the management of public utility undertaking whose activities look like those of private undertaking? Thats the main question of the financial regime of la poste and france telecom. Adopted in 1923, the annex budget system gave to the post and telecommunications administration an insufficient flexibility management. Under the competition and the european regulation presure, the 1990's reform established a statute of "exploitant public". This reform hides, in fact, the statute of commercial and industrial public enterprise. In the same way, the management of la poste and france telecom is now governed by the rules of common law. However, the new financial regime endure the keeping of some elements of the former regime as the staff situation as civil servant, the practice of varieted inspections and the contribution to some public offices. So, whit the conversion of france telecom to a limited company and the opening of its capital to investor, this regime seems to have been conceived as a transitory system
Fesneau, Elvina. "Le marché du poste à transistors en France de 1954 à la fin des années 1960." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010527.
Full textVezinat, Nadège. "Une professionnalisation inachevée : socio-histoire des tensions vécues par le groupe professionnel des conseillers financiers de la Poste (1953-2010)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0056.
Full textThis thesis retraces the origin of the financial advisor position at La Poste. It analyses the emergence of a commercial position within a rapidly changing State administration. La Poste became a public limited company in 2010; symbolically, La Banque Postale was authorised at the same time to provide credit to consumers. However, it was also required to guarantee a certain number of public service missions and to settle previous, unresolved administrative tensions that were affecting its staff on a daily basis. The aim of the professionalisation process analysed in this research was not, however, to transform the professional group into a profession. Ln that sense it may partly be considered atypical. Even though it brought together the functionalist charaeteristics of the Anglo-Saxon "profession" (Wilensky 1964), it did, in fact, aim to impact on staff, thereby constituting more of a strategy for avoiding resistance through regulating the professional group than an empowerment of that group (Boussard, Demazière, Milbum, 20 10). Yet this professionalism from above was intended to ease the tension experienced by staff that were given orders, which we shall labei "prescribèd" and contradictory. The issue was settled by means of organisational changes and the postal staffs "submission", which took place because of the process of professionalism from above (Evetts, 2003). To support this theory, I have based my research approach on qualitative, quantitative, ethnographic and archival methods that are interconnected. These different types of material have been drawn together in the context of a sociology of professional groups, with the aim of analysing the occurrences that take place at group level without losing sight of what is involved in work activity, while bearing in mind the particularities involved in carrying out that work (Demazière, Gadéa, 2009)
Monchaux, Philippe. "Professeurs en collège : un nouveau métier ? : contribution à l'analyse sociologique des professeurs en poste dans les collèges publics à la fin des années mil neuf cent quatre vingt dix." Amiens, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AMIEA004.
Full textFranco, Caterina. "Dans le lieu et dans le temps : pour une histoire environnementale des infrastructures touristiques des Alpes franco-italiennes (1945-1975)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH022.
Full textThe thesis studies ski resorts planned and built at high altitude after the Second World War in the Franco-Italian Alps.The two national contexts, different for economic history, politics and geographical location, now share similar problems, which look to the future of a tourism model based on mass attendance, long stays and an offer concentrated around skiing. Indeed, climatic hazards, changes in the modes and times of tourist use, ageing of structures and infrastructures, are only some of the challenges which these places are facing today. Several researchers from various disciplines then suggested that the station could be rethought in continuity with the territory, the latter included in its economic, geographical or administrative nature.The research aims at investigating these questions in the field of architecture and through a historical study. By questioning the relationships established between the station and the territory (in its spatial, environmental and landscape components) during the design, construction and evolution process, the wish is to go beyond a reading of high mountain tourist establishments as decontextualized objects.Working on the spatial coordinate of the territory, we formulate the hypothesis that the establishment of winter sports resorts has led to large-scale transformations, and that, at the same time, the environmental, historical, economic and geomorphological characteristics of the sites concerned have played an active role in the design and construction process.Working on the temporal coordinate of the territory, we assume that the history of the winter sports resorts built in the 1960s and 1970s is only one step in the long process of transforming high-altitude sites for tourism. In this perspective, the history of activities preceding tourism, located in the same places, plays a decisive role.We rely on a method developed by environmental historians such as William Cronon, who considers the history of a territory as the result of interactions between human actions and natural data over a long period of time. The work is carried out through the study of four cases: Pila and Sansicario, in the Italian Alps; Chamrousse and La Plagne in the French Alps. We mobilize a corpus mainly constituted by documents belonging to different archival collections (local authorities, architects and urban planners, technicians), which we process by analyzing textual, graphic and cartographic documents, as well as by re-drawing and constructing chronosystem systemic timelines.In addition to give a contribution to the understanding of the history of tourism development in high mountain areas, we hope, through this work, to contribute to the debate on the methodological issues of research in the history of architecture
Pavard, Bibia. "Contraception et avortement dans la société française (1956-1979) : histoire d'un changement politique et culturel." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0063.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the issues of contraception and abortion in France, from the opening of a debate on birth control in 1956 to the legalization of the voluntary termination of pregnancy, in 1979. Drawing on archives of the mobilization, the media coverage and the central administration of the state, the author analyses the political and cultural change that led from repression to liberalization. The dissertation highlights the gendering of contraception and abortion issues making women the objects as well as the subjects of discourses and actions. However, this process was complex and non-linear. Strategies of legitimization alternated between moments when women acted on their own behalf and moments when men acted on behalf of the common good. From 1956 to 1967, a new interpretation introduced the idea that couples should have the liberty to decide issues of conception and contraception as a necessary condition for a happy family life. This new framing of the issue made the legalization of birth control possible in 1967. Afterwards, from 1968 to 1973, contraception and abortion were reinterpreted through the subversive lens of sexual liberation both by sexologists and grassroots mobilization. The feminist movement, in particular, claimed a woman’s right to control her own body. Finally, from 1973 to 1979, abortion reached the political agenda and went from being perceived as a public health issue to being considered as a women’s issue, defended by women, for women. The gendering of abortion is one of the key elements that made consensus possible in a very controversial context
Jalabert, Laurent. "Les universitaires français, historiens et géographes et les pays communistes (1945-1991)." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20005.
Full textThe frenchs scientifics representations about communists countries are very good from 1945 to 1956 with a domination of marxism school. From 1956 to 1976, historians and geographers are most critics, excepts about china, vietnam and cuba. From 1976 to 1991, scientifics representations are all negatives. These pictures explain by the ideological and intellectuals frenchs debates. These representations of communists countries shows that the academic like intellectual looks like a "specialist". Historians and geographers inclued in theirs policals analysis, in intellectuals debates, scientifics arguments. The studie shows generations behaviours in french university, and also networks. The representations of communists countries show existence of historians schools (marxism, revisionnism, liberal. . . ). In geography, schools don't appaer so clarely
Pattieu, Sylvain. "Mouvement syndical et tourisme populaire en France (1945 – années 1980) : le cas de "Tourisme et travail"." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083724.
Full textThe confluence of French trade union confederation and tourism through social tourism associations linked to them was part of the instauration of a wage-earning society that reached its peak during “les Trente Glorieuses”, the thirty-year boom period after World War II. From 1945 on to the 1980s, to meet the new needs of the workers, trade unions set up a system of association-based holyday organisation, in a form influenced by the experience of Tourisme et Travail, closely linked to CGT. They tried to assign tourism a meaning beyond a mere leisure activity and in collaboration with elected workers’ councils, endowed themselves with installations and equipments in France and abroad; in this undertaking, they were supported by growing investments of public authorities. A small militant elite coming from trade unions specialised in tourism and was in charge with providing nominal earnings to its working-class users. Acting both as service providers and protest movements, at the crossroads between trade-unionism and the tourism market, these associations had to manage the contradictions between the initial project of popular education and re-appropriation by users. In the 1980s, changes in the social, political and economical situation led to serious difficulties. Enjoined to choose between a cultural project – at the expense of a social concern – and their role in assisting the poorest, associations had to give up their objectives of popular education. Tourisme et travail, going bankrupt, turned into a commercial company. The market, in the context of social or solidarity economy, then represented a way to change activity for individuals or organisations coming from the trade union movement and social tourism
Agard, Peano Marie-Annick. "Surpopulation carcérale et politique criminelle : (1945-1990)." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR1D012.
Full textRouvière, Catherine. "Regards croisés autour d'une utopie : le "retour à la terre" en Ardèche, des années 1960 aux années 1990." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010592.
Full textPoels, Géraldine. "La naissance du téléspectateur : une histoire de la réception télévisuelle des années cinquante aux années quatre-vingt." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS013S.
Full textThrough the example of television, the study at hand aims to extend our present understanding of the role of the media in twentieth century mass culture and daily life. It sets out to renew current approaches that traditionally hinge on message production, by focusing instead on the way these messages are received. The study describes and measures the broad range of viewer practices, challenging the stereotype of cultural homogenization. It brings to light the logics behind the construction of viewer tastes and judgments. Lastly, it presents a history of the audience itself, its makeup, discourses and representations. The so-called “general public” turns out to be a founding and federating myth of the French television of the Glorious Thirty, a myth that was later to be debunked by alternative representations of diverse audiences as they became more and more visible. The study encompasses a period ranging from the nineteen-fifties to the nineteen-eighties – i. E. The time when television became widespread –, the period being rife not only with drastic changes but also slower transformations, both impacting the way one watches television. In order to explore the complex process of reception, the author has relied on varied and complementary sources, providing both quantitative data, such as audience statistics and the surveys carried out by TV broadcasters, and qualitative information, as found in the often emotional viewer mail. The Centre d'Archives Contemporaines and the Inathèque, who hold these as of yet unexploited archives, have made it possible to turn media reception into a historical object
Bécot, Renaud. "Syndicalisme et environnement en France de 1944 aux années quatre-vingts." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0130.
Full textThis thesis explore the making of environmental concerns within labor unions in France, articulating social history of work and environmental history. By crossing national and local sources, labor union and public archives, this thesis identifies interactions of labor activists with a large set of actors and emphasizes the particularity of labor concerns on environmental issues. Postwar years were marked by speeches about the use of natural resources, spatial planning and land use, or the use of pathogens affecting employees inside and outside workplaces. The study of the sixties and seventies are then a time of affirmation of a specific working-class environmentalism. Three main conclusions arise from this study. First, union intervention is often conditioned by the change of the energy system, which is a central concern for unionists. Moreover, laws regulating industrialization are fragmented (between labor laws and environmental laws) and this reinforces the difficulty faced by these organizations to deal with industrial diseases and pollution. Second, during the seventies, labor unions structures lead an effort to define their environmental concerns and stand out from the government approach. Finally, the proposals made by employees to develop public policies incorporate a constant attention to environmental inequalities
Danan, Ariel. "Les Juifs de France et l'état d'Israel, 1948-1982 : images et représentations." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010570.
Full textChevrel, Laurent. "D'un particularisme au conformisme : deux faces d'un même conservatisme ? Pratiques et vie politique dans l'Eure (1944-1981)." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL375.
Full textCanévet, Corentin. "Le modèle agricole breton : histoire et géographie d'une révolution agro-alimentaire." Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20005.
Full textBreton farmlands have been literally revolutionized in a few decades. The ancient farm economy has been swept away to be replaced by a factory farming system. This study attempts to isolate the forces involved and to quentify the economic, social and geographic dimensions of this agricultural revolution. It addresses such questions as how a desolat peninsular region could succed to the point of becoming an agricultural model. What economic and social forces were involved? What have the turning points or landmarks been since 1950? How was geography affected? The first part of the study. The breton agricultural model, analyses the fundamental traits of the agricultural system, isolating the factors explaining the emergence of Brittany as a major french agro-industrial region. Particularly, it an inter-action between the farming community's social movement and the drive towards factor farming. And lastly, it shows limits and reverse of the productivist model. The second part, from farm economy to food processing complex, the stages of growth, shows the major development stages and how the countryside was changed. It coverts the successive agricultural and farm community changes, including farmer's associations and unions. It deals wit changes in agri-business and the way french and eec economic environments and policies affected it. The third part, the forces driving the agri-business, analyses the conditions under which co-operatives, private regional and nonregional groups were launched or transplanted, showing their characteristics and role, and describing how the co-operat helped an active farm community ensure the eddiciency of the new agrarian system. The final part, geographical differences and local case histories, shows geographical differences, explaining how production was concentrated and describing local case histories as they occured between 1950 and 1990. Besically, Brittany's rapid development has turned the region into a proving ground for western agricultural and social developlment mechanisms
Boullet, Daniel. "Entreprises et environnement en France de 1960 à 1990 : les chemins d'une prise de conscience." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100066.
Full textLi, Hongfeng. "Les relations sino-françaises de 1964 à 1980." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030149.
Full textSiney-Lange, Charlotte. "La politique médico-sociale de la MGEN : soigner autrement ? : 1947-1991." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010502.
Full textPencalet-Kerivel, Françoise. "Les "Mauritaniens" 1945-1990 : les pêcheurs langoustiers bretons dans un monde en mutation." Lorient, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LORIL081.
Full textGreen lobster fishing along the French West African Coast is of colonial original, born in a port of Douarnenez at the beginning of the 20th century. As a substitute to sardine fishing, it became an independent activity though it continued to exhibit the characteristics of traditional fishing. The lobster fishermen, the so-called “Mauritanians”, form a special group in the sphere of sea fishing. In 1955, the fishermen of Camaret started to develop a new product: the pink lobster of the “Banc d’Arguin”. This species became the “pink gold of the Breton fleets in 1960 as they moved away from traditional approaches and underwent modernisation stocks diminished quickly as a result of overfishing. Like the green lobster fishermen before them, the “Mauritanians” followed the same course but were faced with the emergence maritime laws (extension of territorial waters). Mauritania, now an independent state, sought to benefit from its ichthyologic riches by imposing fishing agreements. Breton lobster fishing continued in the Mauritanian EEA (Exclusive Economic Area) but with a reduced and ageing fleet. In 1987, representatives of Blue Europe undertook negotiations for the resource. In becoming European, the “Mauritanians” lost their exclusivity. Breton lobster fishing, originally a traditional colonial activity was able adapt to the modern world and the maritime law but was unable to stand up to European competition and stopped to 1990
Le, Masson Alix. "La caisse centrale de la France d'outre-mer et le financement public dans la France d'outre-mer 1944-1958." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100106.
Full textThe <> (ccfom) has been a leading player in the economic and financial relations between france and the french territories of africa under the fourth republic as well as in the planning of institutional evolution by managing the relationships between mother country and its territories. These relations were marked by the opposition between increasing financial dependence of territories and growing trends of autonomy with respect to politics. Ccfom sometimes maintained conflicting relations with administrators of home country and territories as well as with ministers in charge of the french union, therefor demonstrating france's difficulties in establishing an imperial policy consistent throughout the years. Through its director, ccfom upheld a belief in development financing and job-sharing between the private and public sectors in africa. Through his actions and speeches, it is clear that the continuity and innovations of french colonial policies are mixed
Robert, Élian. "Des médecins élus locaux en Aquitaine." Bordeaux 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40029.
Full textFrémont, Jean-Pierre. "La quadrature du centre : histoire du centre en France de 1945 à 1998." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010317.
Full textContemporary, few historians in political families talked about the centre; however, those from the left and right parties are subjected to a plentiful literature including many masterly works. Nevertheless, for the centre, we can notice a domination of an historical explosion. The writers through the parties and trends considered the question, which gives a break up vision of this one. At the conclusion of this study about the centre party in france from 1945 to nowadays, we can notice that this subject is still ambiguous. During this period, it didn't exist a unique and identified party on political affairs, but many centres or even successive or concomitant avatars of the centre
Cartier, Marie. "Des facteurs et leurs tournées : une élite populaire dans la France de la deuxième moitié du XXème siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0038.
Full textPiquard, Michèle. "L'edition pour la jeunesse en france de 1945 a 1980 : strategies et discours des editeurs." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030039.
Full textPoirier, Véronique. "Les relations entre ashkénazes et sépharades en Israël et en France (1950-1990) : étude comparative." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040085.
Full textThis thesis deals with the relationships between the two main origin groups of Jews by these days known as Ashkenazim and Sephardim, since middle of XXth century until now. Following the important Jewish population's migrations at the beginning and in the middle of the XXth century, Israel and France were the predicated scenes of these two groups' sudden meeting. After a remind of these two diasporas' division, are analysed the first contacts' characters between these two populations coming from the same nation; then the origin and the development of the religious, social, economic, political and cultural conflicts caused by the confrontation of these two worlds connected with opposite values. Finally, in a comparative view, are showed off the various forms of the Ashkenazim and Sephardim’s everyday's life in France and in Israel during these ten last years : scissions and reconciliations, as well in the ethnical and religious as in the social and cultural fields, through the small events of community's life and particularly the marriages
Benoist, Pierre. "Histoire de la formation professionnelle dans le batiment et les travaux publics 1950-1990." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0063.
Full text1) first period (1950-1970): predominance of governmental services: national education system, vocational training for adults, fpa. Second period (1970-1990): expansion of apprenticeship and continuous training. 2)due to the lack of a personnel policy and the deficiencies of the construction policy, the successive years of trained personnel do not correspond to any background outline or standard. 3) four separate systems are at hand (the school, apprenticeship, the professional training system for adults, the continuous training) instead if a comprehensive training system for the construction and public work sector. A specific institutional framework is available for each of them. 4) one does notice the permanence of the skills, the ever lasting discourse, the defiance towards theoretical teaching and the introduction of new degrees, and the paradoxal strong attachment to the profession by some of the manpower that would not want to leave it despite all the economical difficulties of the sector. 5) the particularly slow pace of change can be explained by the permanence of the technical working procedures and the important role that the sharing of a common training background (and of some categories of diplomas) plays in the social identification process of this profession. 6) one can conclude that a different phasing applies to the history of training systems, with periods stretched over longer cycles as political or economical historical cycles
Hourmant, François. "Le désenchantement des clercs : essai sur l'évolution du débat politique dans des revues intellectuelles de gauche : (mille neuf cent soixant et onze - mille neuf cent quatre-vingt trois)." Paris 1, 1996. http://books.openedition.org/pur/24609.
Full textThe disenchantment of the french left-wing intellectuals defines neither the eighties nor the state of the progressive intellectuals who have renounced their faith in the revolution. It above all suggests a process which started after the events of may in France and saw the calling into question of the beliefs which provoked the political commitment of the intellectuals after world war II. Therefore, in between the beginning (nineteen seventy one) and the end (nineteen eighty three) of the period taken into account the disintegration of the "progressive intellectuals" (Jean Baudoin) occured. In order to apprehend the modes and the reasons of this critical evolution, the analysis was based on three main reviews (esprit, les temps modernes and tel quel) which on the fringe of political organisations have embodied three particular forms of insertion into the political debate (humanist, ethical and moral tradition, political prophetism, avant-garde ideas and aestheticism). Throughout the taking of an entire constellation of themes and controversies into consideration (China, the revolution, human rights, democracy, the totalitarian problematic) three main lines have emerged : the first one has tried to focus on the commitments of each review linking these intellectual productions to the conditions of contextualisation ; the second one has drawn a parallel between the ways of thinking and the representations together with the mechanisms which ruled the commitments of the intellectuals into the intellectual field ; the last one has tried to identify the stakes which appeared and has tried to describe how the intellectuals indulged themselves into clashes of influences. These reviews both the source and the object of this study were a very interested way of trying to elucidate the mode of production of the political ideas
Bernardot, Marc. "Une politique du logement : la Sonacotra (1956-1992)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010672.
Full textThe question of social housing policies is studied with qualitative quantitative and records methods through the analysis of the case of guest workers. After Second World War these unskilled maghrebians workers were recruited for job vacancies. They were supposed to rotate back to their homeland. In the crisis situation of housing the French Algerians were erecting shanties around Paris and big towns in the strategic context of Algerian war. In French, at the difference of others European countries, a special housing society, la Sonacotra, was set up in 1956 to build and manage hostels for immigrant’s workers. This housing corporation has a specific status of mix policy between state and employers. With the state support and sponsorship, la Sonacotra has diversified national origins of the users of hostels and developed initiatives, like urban renewal, emergency programs and social housing organisations for family. In the management of single workers, la Sonacotra applies a hygienic action and supervise resident’s attitude. In reaction, mobilisation of users, a very long strike against too high rents and authoritarians management, limits possibility of Sonacotra's actions. Economical crisis and interruption of immigration in 1974 modifies context. Patrimony of company is too specific, segregated and under the residential norms. The hostels must been opened to French unemployed and in 1986 la sonacotra tries to develop programs for others publics. In the same time the length of stay increases noticely for the traditional foreigners' users. The lacks of workers’ mobility, due to labour crisis in building and industrial range, make these unskilled workers more dependent. They have some conflicts with others users of hostels and in the same time develop high degree of partnership between different status of users. In spite of the fact that inequities persist between users of hostels and the indigenous populations, the situation of first has become more similar to that of second
Panchón, Hidalgo Marian. "Traducción, censura y recepción de la literatura surrealista francesa en España (1959-1975)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20083.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to analyze the translation, censorship and reception of six literary works of the surrealist writers Louis Aragon and André Breton in Spain during the period of Second Francoism (1959-1975). The translation of Aragon’s and Breton’s books in Spain can be perceived as one of the signs of the opening of Spanish society that begins in the ‘60s, around the end of Francoism, and announces the end of this authoritarian regime and the democratic transition of the country. In its own way, this translation occurs alongside other manifestations of this openness: the rise of tourism that puts Spanish society in contact with varied political cultures and with different lifestyles, greater tolerance regarding religion, greater freedom from traditional moral norms, political pluralism, the influence of Marxism, etc.The books of our corpus, that the regime considered dangerous, had been criticized and censored by the dictatorship’s entire censor apparatus during this late period even as these publications were finally being read in Spain. Before examining the censorship files of these texts at the Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) in Alcalá de Henares, we firstly looked for information about the publishing houses and translators interested in the publication of the authors accused of being dissidents and Marxists by the dictatorship.We then conducted a meticulous analysis of the texts in order to compare the original text to the target text and determine if any previous self-censorship was done by translators or publishing houses.We dedicated a part of our thesis to the study of translation mistakes: inadequacies that affect the source text’s comprehension (omission, false sense, inconsistency, nonsense, not the same sense, addition, suppression, poorly resolved extralinguistic/cultural reference), inadequacies that affect the target language expression (orthography and punctuation, grammar, lexical, textual aspects and writing) and pragmatic inadequacies (the chosen method and the textual genre and its conventions, etc.). We have also examined the reception of these works in the ABC conservative newspaper as well as in the Triunfo progressive literary magazine in order to observe the reception of these publications in Spain during this transitional period
Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la traducción, censura y recepción de seis obras de los escritores surrealistas Louis Aragon y André Breton en España durante el segundo franquismo (1959-1975).Las traducciones de los libros de Aragon y de Breton en España pueden percibirse como uno de los signos de la apertura de la sociedad española que se inicia en los años sesenta, hacia el final del franquismo, y que anuncia el fin de este régimen autoritario y la transición democrática del país. La traducción de estos autores puede inscribirse dentro de otras manifestaciones características de dicha apertura: el auge del turismo, que pone en contacto a la sociedad española con otras culturas políticas y con estilos de vida diferentes, una mayor tolerancia relativa a la religión, una mayor libertad de costumbres, un pluralismo político, la influencia del marxismo, etc. Las publicaciones de nuestro corpus, que el régimen tildó de peligrosas, fueron criticadas y censuradas por el aparato censor, aunque finalmente estos textos pudieron ver la luz en España durante esta última etapa de la dictadura. Antes de examinar los expedientes de censura de estos libros en el Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) en Alcalá de Henares, hemos buscando primero información sobre las editoriales y los traductores interesados en publicar a estos escritores, acusados de ser disidentes y marxistas por la dictadura. Además, hemos realizado un minucioso análisis con el fin de comparar el texto original con el texto meta para así saber si existió una autocensura previa. También hemos dedicado una parte de nuestra tesis al estudio de los errores de traducción: las inadecuaciones que afectan a la comprensión del texto original (omisión, falso sentido, contrasentido, sin sentido, no el mismo sentido, adición, supresión, referencia extranlingüística/cultural mal resuelta e inadecuación de variación lingüística),las inadecuaciones que afectan la expresión en la lengua de llegada (ortografía y puntuación, gramática, léxico, aspectos textuales y redacción) y las inadecuaciones pragmáticas (el método elegido y el género textual y sus convenciones, etc.). Asimismo, hemos examinado la recepción de estas obras en el periódico conservador ABC y en la revista literaria progresista Triunfo con el objetivo de observar la recepción de estas publicaciones en España durante este período de cambio
Ramdani, Hacina. "Filles et fils d'immigrés à I'université : le cas lyonnais 1950-1990." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0081.
Full textThe increase in people following secondary education since the 1960s, and higher education much more recently, should not hide the fact that inequalities in accessing education are still very marked. However, some people have managed to escape from the mechanisms of educational reproduction. In the framework of this study, we have focused on these different trajectories. Our research is a monograph which aims at retrospectively following a cohort of immigrant children having accessed Lyon (2) University from 1950 to 1990. We identified the profile of these immigrant children before then "reconstituting" their school and university backgrounds so as to highlight the influence of educational democratisation, national and social origins, gender, the educational background of immigrant children on their future but also asked questions as to the role of the family and extra-family environment, as well as the involvement of these sons and daughters of immigrants on their education. University is an important, and even fundamental stage in life, but remains transitory. We moved beyond the framework of studies and looked at the socialisation process of this population in French society, and looked into their professional future and married life. We focused on professional circumstances which allows for measurement of the degree of suitability between university studies and inclusion into the labour market and then we analysed people's married lives and the impact of university and professional background on marital behaviour
Mills-Affif, Édouard. "Filmer les immigrés : les représentations audiovisuelles de l'immigration à la télévision française dans le documentaire et le reportage magazine (1960-1986)." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010541.
Full textColom, y. Canals Baptiste. "Le renseignement aérien en France (1945-1994)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040146.
Full textThrough the study of the Aerial Intelligence in France from 1945 to 1994, is to replace the use of this decision making tool on a long time scale to understand his perception among French policymakers. To analyze the evolution of Aerial Intelligence, we compared operational experiences with the doctrinal corpus and technological innovations of the collection system. We worked on tactical, strategic and political implications of our object of study to clarify the various aspects of his job perceptions. To better understand these evolutionary factors in the French context, we also introduced comparative points with the United States and Britain. It's also a way to perceive the influence of foreign factors on the using developments and perceptions of French aerial intelligence, but while specifying the French specificities. Between the collecting mission, defined as the reconnaissance and the entire Aerial Intelligence, the question arises is to know what is understood like the object to the perception of military or political decision maker. The Aerial Intelligence can it be understood in France as a separate intelligence service or just as a collection system at the service of decision-actor? The other question is how the various developments that have affected our object of study have influenced his using perceptions. Beyond these issues, the relationship between the image and the decision maker, specific to Aerial Intelligence, influences also its perspective of use?
Dedieu, Jean-Philippe. "La prise de parole de l'immigration subsaharienne en France (1960-1995)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0161.
Full textExcluding the pre-decolonisation era, historians and sociologists have long neglected Sub-Saharan immigration. In order to examine its social history, the comparatist approach appears to be the most pertinent when examining the official representation of a particularly vilified and reified migratory movement. InternaI, rather than externat this comparative study focused on the participation of African migrants to various groups: interest groups or professional groups. '"Leaders of governmental associations", "trade unionists", "developers", "actors", "Iawyers", the five areas of enquiry gathered in this research project attempt by means of juxtaposition to break with the representation of migrants based on their members' contribution to the economy, rather than on cultural, legal of political history. Focusing on their discursive practices amounts to examining the conditions and constraints which objectivise collective entities and legitimize social frontiers under the double ascendancy of French and African states. The very process of making their opinion heard raises the question of the social and political conditions of the institutionalization of their representatives and the constitution of the groups they represent. Two themes stand out in the conclusion to this research. The first ilIustrates the strategies which were developed by the African governments, with the backing of the French State, concerning the political power. The second specifies the discrimination which undermine, be it labourers or elites, African migrants in France
Mohamed-Gaillard, Sarah. "La politique de la France dans le Pacifique sud de 1946 à la fin des années 1990." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040203.
Full textFrom 1946 to the end of the nineties, the presence of France in South Pacific has caused many debates either in its territories, in the region or in the international organizations. Our study of French policy is based on these three scales, which is particularly relevant to compare it with he policy lead by the other countries in the area. After the Second World War, France puts an end to the colonial statute of these islands and starts to take part carefully on a regional scene strongly marked by the United States. Because of its new policy toward its territories, France turns out to be a rather progressive nation in the area. However, the setting of the Centre d'Expérimentation du Pacifique and the will of power from the 5th Republic destroyed the effort previously performed. Then, France reinforces its statutory links with its islands, which constitutes also with the nuclear tests a cause of dispute in the area. These two demonstrations of its presence cause many controversies and insulate the France and its territories on the regional scene. Hence, the decision taken by France in its territories also have an impact on its foreign policy in the whole area. Due to strained relations, the policy of France is mainly defensive. One must wait until the mid-nineties so that these conflicts are solved and to see France works out an active policy. It is thus after half a century of tries and polemics that France finally begins to legitimate its presence in the South Pacific
Gautier, Marie. "Les mots de la photographie : enquête sur la construction des discours théoriques et critiques en France 1945-1989." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010666.
Full textBréhier, Emeric. "Les revues politiques de la gauche non communiste de 1958 à 1986." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010268.
Full textVictorien, Sophie. "Jeunesses malheureuses, jeunesses dangeureuses : la prise en charge de l'enfance inadaptée par le secteur associatif en Seine-Maritime, 1945-milieu des années 1980." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL035.
Full textIn France, the Liberation is mainly characterized by the authorities' deep concern for juvenile delinquency and, more generally, for youngsters in difficulties ; which revealed the deep disturbances, and even the traumas, experienced by the French during the Second World War. Such an awareness resulted in a number of legislative decisions which favoured the primacy of educative solutions over repressive principles. As the country's finances were rather low at the time, the State had to resort to the support of the private sector, which had a long experience in the field and which rested on a web of networks that were quite ready to undertake such a programme. Now, the Seine-Inférieure, which suffered seriously from the war's repercussions, was also severely handicapped by the scarcity of shelters that could meet the variety of needs when it came to entertaining delinquent youngsters, who were definitely unsafe youngsters. Still, the French network of associations managed to catch up thanks to local figures in particular, who played a fundamental role in the boards of directors they belonged to. Throughout the period, institutions improved their methods and educational projects thanks to a better teacher training and because they opened up to other specialists working with children. Such a necessity for renewal was felt more and more acutely in the 1970s when associations were confronted to the evolution of the type of youngsters they welcomed, and to criticisms as regards the way they usually dealt with housing. Soon they also had to cope with financial cuttings as well as with decentralization, which actually changed the relationships between the State and the private sector that had evolved far from its first experimental years
Abye, Tassé. "De nouvelles formes de migrations : analyse comparée de parcours d'Ethiopiens en France et aux Etats-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHESA122.
Full textThis research contributes to the reneval debate on migration studies, through the analysis of the empirical case of the Ethiopian migration. Over a short span of time (a quarter of century), the Ethiopian migration encapsulates multiple modes of emigration and diversified forms of integration in the Western World. This research attempts to shed a new light on some of patterns, of what might be called "the new face of migration". Following the 1974 revolution, the Ethiopian emigration, which could have been qualified as a passing phenomenon seems to be a fast expanding social practice. Ethiopians living in the western world were less than 10 000 before 1974; today, they are estimated to be between 400 000 and 600 000. Considering jointly the pre-migration characteristics of the studied migrants as well as the social and cultural transformations, which occured in Ethiopia during the 20th century, allows us to formulate the hypothesis that these migrants have assimilated norms and values available in the Western countries prior to their migration. This research shows that their settlement in diferent western countries is a dynamic where cultural clash is absent, due to the fact that this "clash" has already taken place in their country way before the beginning of migration. Using a comparative analysis between the immigration of Ethiopians in France and the United-States, we propose a renewed sociological approach of migration for a better understanding of social, cultural and professional integration
Bruliard, Luc. "Transformation du système scolaire et innovation de la pédagogie Freinet : l'exemple de la Commission enseignement spécialisé de l'Institut coopératif de l'école moderne (1945-1993)." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20901.
Full textThis research aims at studying the publications from a french group of teachers belonging to the ICEM Freinet teaching methods, they met under the name of the "Commission enseignement spécialisé de l'ICEM". The study of the publications enables us to grasp the way specialized training in France is understood. These teachers are trying to cope with the structural and teaching changes in specialized training. The members of the commission belong to the Freinet approach. They actively take part in the changing teaching methods by introducing clinical psychology, psychoanalysis and sociology. This commission is part and parcel of this transformation. All these new data given by the publications dialing with specialized training (articles in specialized magazines) contribue to knowing the teachers involved in the transformation of the system of education. Actually the vole of the commission regarding the transformation of the system of education is not important whereas as far as teaching is concerned new trends have been observed
Glas, Marjorie. "De l'animateur au créateur, du profane au sacré : socio-histoire du théâtre public français 1945-1990." Paris, EHESS, 2016. https://hal.science/tel-01519838.
Full textState intervention in theatrical matters is historically based on the social role played by the "popular theatre" after the second world war. In a context of aesthetic transformations and growing institutionalization, the social function of theatre is objectified in the category of a "public theatre" which is differentiated from the merchant one. Through the analysis of the trajectory of the signers of the Declaration of Villeurbanne in 1968, deemed to have introduced the power to creators in the theatrical field, this thesis questions the social role of theater in a socio-historical perspective. The terms of the engagement with the theatrical field in the social world are analyzed through differnte practices revealing the relation of theatre with the society: the widening of the audience and the coming of new viewers, the constitution of a specific directory, and artists' positions in the public debate are all significant. Correlated to the process of professionalization and institutionalization which crosses the field, the analysis of the evolution of these practices emphasizes the progressive demonetization of the social function of the theater between 1945 and the most recent period. This is especially visible through the establishment of two central figures in the theatrical field, the director and the "programmateur", to the detriment of the cultural leader (the "animateur"). The refocusing of activities on artistic issues contributes to a growing distinction between aesthetic innovation and activities devoted to the relation with the audience. This opposition is objectified by the authorities and contributes to a disqualification of the audience in the process of consecration. The political issue, which originally founded the public theater category, is gradually reinvested in the perspective of an intrinsically emancipatory art
Bailleux, Julie. "Penser l'Europe par le droit : L'invention du droit communautaire en France (1945-1990)." Paris 1, 2012. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247138340.
Full textDelaunay, Bénédicte. "L'amélioration des rapports entre l'administration et les administrés : contribution à l'étude des réformes administratives entreprises depuis 1945." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT3003.
Full textSince second world war, and especially after the 70's, the authorities in France have undertakennumerous reforms aimed at improving the relations between the government and the citizen. Some measures are aimed at improving the way the government exercices its prerogatives, in particular the way it avails itself of the unilateral power of decision, by the introduction of a certain degree of administrative power-sharing with independent administrative authorities and the citizen, or less ambitiously, by a reinforcement of the protection of the latter. Other measures simply seek to inform the citizen of the government's action. Lastly, some reforms tend to improve the settling of administrative litigations, either by the development of non-jurisdictional procedures or by increasing the efficiency of jurisdictional appeals. But these developments only have a limited effect upon the transformation of the administrative system and more especially upon the unequal relations between the government and the citizen, i. E. Upon, onthe one hand, the rights and guarantees granted to the latter, and, on the hand, upon the prerogatives that the former enjoys
Lenzen, Thomas. "Regards britanniques sur les relations franco-allemandes : de 1945 à 1990." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT3006.
Full textAllart, Marie-Christine. "L'évolution du monde agricole en artois de 1945 à 1985." Lille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL30023.
Full textOut of the agricultural revolution in the second half of the twenthieth century, a revolution both in the technics and in the practises, a new type of farmer has emerged : the manager. Through the study of the agricultural region of artois, a region, wich is situated in the east of the pas-de-calais and which presents three zones urbanized, rurbanized ans rural zone - it was possible to define the evolution of such new type of farmers both in its diachronic and synchronic aspects. The oppositions to changes numerous despite a policy of developpement and popularisation, induced the split in the agricultural world : the disparities are not only in the structural aspects but are to be found as well in the attitude of the cultivators facing the mutations. Although the cultivators are all conscious of the necessity of evolution, they dont'all accept it. So the mentalities evolued with different rythms. Although it is now impossible to defend the legend of unity, the agricultural world finds some sort of cohesion facing the assaults from the exterior. These agressions take the power of the agricultural world int the country and give it a negative aspect, when they attack at the same time te tradiotionnal farmer and the contractor who does not respect nature
Codaccioni, Vanessa. "Punir les opposants : une sociologie historique des "procès politiques" : les interactions répressives entre le PCF et l'État (1947-1962)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010309.
Full textDelille, Emmanuel. "Réseaux savants et enjeux classificatoires dans le traité de psychiatrie de l'Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale (1947-1977) : l'exemple de la notion de psychose." Paris, EHESS, 2008. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01971348.
Full textThe word “psychosis” is the one which revailed as the scholarly term for insanity. The perspective adopted to define the issues is the history of scholarly sociability. The time frame (1947-77) was chosen to reflect the career of French psychiatrist Henri Ey, the central figure in the post-war Evolution Psychiatrique group. Referring to the Traité de Psychiatrie (in the Encyclopédie Médico-Chirurgicale. Or EMC) which Ey edited until his death, I study the perpetuation of a tradition of thought whereby psychiatrists classified mental illnesses in two categories, "acute psychoses" and "chronic psychoses. " The thesis retraces the genesis of the word "psychosis" and analyzes the reactivation of the Evolution Psychiatrique group leading to the publication of their collective work (1955). Ey's theory of "organodynamism," inspired by the work of British neurologist John Hughlings Jackson, became the touchstone for establishing links between issues related to the concept of psychosis, the writings of EMC contributors, and the longer-term history of mental illnesses. My interpretation of the texts is oriented toward a series of four principal themes: acute or chronic delusional states, the neo-jacksonian theory of epilepsy, and the psychoanalytic theory of schizophrenia. Lastly, in the form of an epilogue. I consider the revised and updated edition of the EMC (1956-77), in which it is possible to observe some tension between classification, of which the concept of psychosis is an integral part, and a series of medical, intellectual, and cultural innovations, as well as disputes (anti¬psychiatry). At the end of the period studied, I question whether the large categories of mental illnesses, classified in the past under the word "psychoses," are still pertinent in relation to these upheavals. The fact that some of Ey's associates, like Henri Ellenberger and Georges Lanteri-Laura, chose a historiographic or methodological approach is a radical departure from the outline of a general theory of psychopathology
Malonga, Ferdinand. "Les premières conférences franco-africaines (1973-1976)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010619.
Full textBonnafous, Simone. "Immigrés et immigration dans la presse politique française de 1974 à 1984 : analyse de discours." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040150.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyse forms of French national political press dealing with immigrants and immigration (1971-1984). The first part studies outward forms of discourse: number of articles written each year, columns and genres, kinds of events related. The second part, with lexicometric methods, and specially analysis of the specific vocabulary, shows that systems of designation of oneself and of the others are different enough from one newspaper to an other, but also similar enough to allow many skidding. In the third part, a new way to study "chronological" corpus is tested; it opposes the seventies to the eighties: in the former, the whole press speaks about immigrants as workers, or living in collective homes; in the latter, immigrants are seen as the source of problems for French people. The fact that the issue is progressively negated is general. It must be connected with the absence of clear perception of oneself and of the others in most newspapers. Only the extreme-right press (militant et le national) and the left wing press has a coherent system of designation; so they do not change their way of seeing the subject of immigration between 1974 and 1984
Jacquemart, Antoinette. "Les déperditions d'élèves en France 1960-1985 : ce qu'elles révèlent, ce qu'elles suggèrent." Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO20054.
Full textThis research aims at identifying how stable was the french school attribution of form numbers of pupils along the 12 level; for 27 years, the average of the last form number is about 13 of the initial one, in spite one, in spite of increase and reforms; the key ratio to national a local percentages is the number of baccalaureates to form numbers. Attrition seems so to be the relation between the structure and nature of the system and national numbers. But the out put, though regulated, depends on the structure of populations : locally the gap between best and worst reaches 15 pts on large areas to 28 pts (DEPRTMTS) and 40-60 on district scale. This raises two questions: what is the nature of the system? How and why does it depend on the influence of surroundings (economic, social, professional), specialy during the first 7 years of schooling?The second part deals with age, sex and social belonging of pupils in connexion with the system. In each social group, there are pupils fitting with it, but it is largely depending on cultural and professional levels of parents and schools; anyway there is a gap for 2 3 of the pupils, early enough, between our didactics and their types of cognition. This raises the next questions: how does brain work? What is the part of relationship between growth and the acquisition of meaning? What can we trace out of school bulletins showing off personal cognitive routes in skills and performances?