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Academic literature on the topic 'Labile humus'
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Journal articles on the topic "Labile humus"
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Kozlova, Alla, Natalya Martynova, Dmitry Perfiliev, and Ulyana Ludwig. "Chemodestructive fractionation of humus as an indicator of the functional state of soil organic matter." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337106010.
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The content, composition, and properties of humus are the most important characteristics that reflect the features of modern soil formation, the genesis and evolution of soils, and their agrogenic transformation. The main criteria for assessing soil fertility are traditionally the content and reserves of organic matter in soils. At the same time, the decrease in soil fertility is associated not so much with a decrease in the total content of humus, but with the loss of its labile forms, which determine the life of the soil, its most important agronomic properties and crop yields. One of the integral indicators characterizing the state and functioning of soil organic matter (SOM) is the ratio of stable and labile forms of organic compounds obtained by chemodestructive analysis. The determination of the bichromate oxidizability of humus showed that the virgin soils of the Southern Cis-Baikal region contain an equal amount of stable and labile forms of organic compounds. Accordingly, the humus in them is a stable and balanced system in relation to external influences. Plowing led to a significant decrease in the easily and hardly hydrolysable humus fractions. In the fallow areas, the upper part of the humus horizon, in terms of the ratio of humus fractions, approaches virgin soils, and the lower part approaches the arable horizons of agricultural soils. The method of permanganate oxidizability of humus revealed a noticeable enrichment in easily oxidizable forms of virgin and, especially, fallow soils of the region. Compared to them, agricultural soils contained noticeably less labile humus, which indicates a sharp decrease in their fertility.
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STASIV, OLEH, OKSANA KACHMAR, OKSANA VAVRYNOVYCH, and OLEKSANDR DUBYTSKYI. "Effect of Fertiliser on Changes in Labile and Water-Soluble Forms of Humus in Short-Term Rotations." Scientific Horizons 25, no. 4 (2022): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.25(4).2022.9-17.
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Mobile (labile and water-soluble) forms of humus are one of the basic components of effective soil fertility and a precondition for high productivity of crop rotations. As a result of fermentation, these forms of humus are mineralised and take part in plant nutrition, and some of them, being included in mobilisation processes, transition into stable humus substances. Therefore, it is important to investigate agrotechnological factors for managing their dynamics and redistribution in the soil environment during the growing season of agricultural crops. The purpose of the study: to investigate the effect of complex application of mineral and organic (conventional and alternative) fertilisers on the change of water-soluble and labile forms of humus during the growing season of agricultural crops grown in short-term rotations. The following research methods were used in this study: field, laboratory-analytical, computational-comparative, mathematicalstatistical. Higher level of labile accumulation (359.59 mg kg-1 of soil) and water-soluble (11.69 mg kg-1 of soil) humus forms under winter wheat crops occur when the predecessor of the crop in the crop rotation is meadow clover. The application of N60P90K90 specifically for winter wheat and 40 t/ha of manure in the conventional fertilisation system of grain-grass crop rotation contributes to the formation of 529.07 and 20.20 mg kg-1 of soil of the organic substances under study. The application of N120P100K100 and 40 t/ha of manure for corn for grain yields 567.42 and 22.55 mg kg-1 of soil, and N90P90K90 and 40 t/ha of manure for potatoes yields 543.66 and 21.75 mg kg-1 of mobile compounds humus. The obtained research results can serve as a basis for the development of highly efficient environmentally friendly farming systems and can be used for further scientific research on the development of ways and directions for managing humus-forming processes in the soil environment
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Novoselov, Sergey. "Influence of Photochemical Reactions on the Content and Transformation of Mineral Nitrogen in Sod-Podzol Soil." Key Engineering Materials 781 (September 2018): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.781.195.
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The article discusses the photochemical effects of sunlight on the soil. Under the influence of light energy the amount of mineral and easy hydrolysable nitrogen, as well as labile humus substances increased in the soil. The photochemical destruction of humus substances was accompanied by an increase in their mobility and loss of colour. The article shows that the process of mineral nitrogen formation in the soil during the photochemical destruction of humus substances has two stages. The first stage includes photochemical reactions with the formation of ammonium nitrogen. The second stage is the microbiological oxidation of ammonium nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen.
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Duo, Xinqu, Jinggui Wu, and Wei Cheng. "Effects of Long-Term Land Use Patterns on Labile Organic Carbon Fractions and Carbon Pool Management Index of Mollisols Humus Layers." Applied Sciences 15, no. 3 (2025): 1006. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031006.
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Land use patterns significantly influence the quantity and composition of litter in the soil humus layers, thereby affecting the dynamics of soil organic carbon. However, the differences in labile organic carbon fractions and the carbon sequestration index under different land use patterns, as well as their impact on soil carbon storage in the humus layers of mollisols—without migration loss and soil erosion—remain unclear. Labile organic carbon is classified into fractions such as dissolved organic carbon, easily oxidized carbon, particulate organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon, which are identified through different chemical extraction methods. This study investigates the impact of long-term land use patterns on organic carbon dynamics, organic carbon pools, KOS, and CPMI in mollisols across five treatments: SC (continuous soybean cultivation), MC (continuous maize cultivation), MSR (maize–soybean rotation), GB (grass belt), and FB (forest belt). It also selects three soil depths (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, and 40–60 cm) over an 11-year period for analysis. The results indicate that soil organic carbon, labile organic carbon fractions (EOC, POC, DOC, and MBC), and CPMI decrease with soil depth, while KOS increases. Non-tillage treatments enhance SOC accumulation in the humus layers, with FB exhibiting the highest organic carbon content, surpassing GB, MC, SC, and MSR by 22.88%, 52.35%, 60.64%, and 80.12%, respectively. Non-tillage treatments can enhance the accumulation of labile organic carbon fractions, aligning with the observed trends in soil organic carbon, with the FB treatment identified as optimal. Additionally, these treatments can increase labile organic carbon fractions and CPMI, thereby improving soil stability. To minimize SOC loss, land use patterns should encourage the conversion of farmland to grassland and forest, with the FB treatment recommended as the optimal strategy for the protection of mollisols and the sustainable development of these soils over the long term. This approach is significant for understanding the soil carbon cycle, rationally planning land use strategies, and providing a reference for enhancing soil quality and ecosystem carbon sinks.
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Yumashev, Haris, and Irina Zaharova. "The effect of straw on the humus state of chernozem." Agrarian Bulletin of the 229, no. 14 (2023): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2022-229-14-92-98.
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Abstract. The purpose of the research is to present the results of studies obtained in the long-term stationary experience of the Geographical Network of Experiments with Fertilizers of the Russian Federation on the effect of various methods of straw, crop residues and nitrogen fertilizers utilization on the humus state of leached black soil. Establish the effect of the systematic introduction of straw and crop residues on the content of total and labile humus in leached black soil, provide data on the fractional composition of humus. Methods. There were used conventional methods: total nitrogen by the method of indophenol greens, humus according to Tyurin in Simakov’s modification; fractional group composition according to Ponomareva and Plotnikova; labile carbon – by the release of humic substances during treatment with 0.1n NaOH, soil treatment with sodium pyrophosphate 0.1m Na4P2O7 (Dyakonova’s method) and hot water (Schulz’s method). Results. The results of studies obtained in a long-term stationary experiment on the study of the effect of straw and crop residues on the humus state of the soil are presented. It has been established that the annual introduction of straw and crop residues into the soil makes it possible to maintain the humus state of the leached black soil at the level of the initial content. Significant differences in the humus reserves in the arable soil layer according to the methods of utilization of organic residues were not revealed, they were assessed as very high. On a long fallow, humus reserves were high, on virgin lands they were ultra-high. The results of the studies showed that the fractional composition of fulvic acids depended on the method of using straw and stubble residues; the fractional composition of humic acids did not differ from the method of utilizing straw and stubble residues. A decrease in the content of total humus was revealed against the background of burning and removing straw and stubble, while an increase in its content was noted during the systematic plowing of post-harvest residues. Scientific novelty consists in changing the fractional-group composition of humus when using organic residues (straw, stubble) for the reproduction of soil organic matter.
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Zhao, Zhanhui, Congzhi Zhang, Hongye Wang, et al. "The Effects of Natural Humus Material Amendment on Soil Organic Matter and Integrated Fertility in the Black Soil of Northeast China: Preliminary Results." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (2023): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030794.
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The input of exogenous organic materials is an effective way to improve soil organic matter (SOM) content in cropland. The exploration of the impact of new organic materials such as woody peat on black soil fertility can provide an important reference for preventing the degradation of black soil in Northeast China. In this study, the effects of adding woody peat to SOM and the soil-integrated fertility of black cropland were studied by seven treatments (no organic matter addition, CK; crop straw returning, SR; decomposed straw addition, DS; organic manure addition, OM; 6 t/ha woody peat addition, LWP; 10.5 t/ha natural humus material addition, MWP; and 15 t/ha natural humus material addition, HWP). The results show that natural humus material additions (LWP, MWP, and HWP treatments) could significantly increase SOM (increased by 4.79~9.41 g/kg), labile SOM (increased by 2.49~4.52 g/kg), and recalcitrant SOM (increased by 2.13~6.39 g/kg) components, respectively. For comparison, traditional organic material inputs (SR, DS, and OM treatments) had no significant effect on SOM but induced an increase in the labile SOM component in the following year. This study also found that natural humus material additions could improve soil-integrated fertility in a year term, especially in promoting SOM accumulation. However, organic manure amendment showed both the advantage of increasing soil fertility slightly and the disadvantage of increasing soil salt sharply. In conclusion, compared with traditional exogenous organic materials, the natural humus material amendment technique can rapidly increase the total SOM quantity and its different stability components and has a great effect in improving the integrated fertility of black soil. Thus, it is of significance to further study the potential of natural humus material amendment in the fertility of black soil in future.
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Drichko, V. F., L. G. Bakina, and N. E. Orlova. "Stable and labile components of humus in soddy-podzolic soils." Eurasian Soil Science 46, no. 1 (2013): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064229312110038.
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MOURA, JULIANA AUGUSTA, MARIA ISIDÓRIA SILVA GONZAGA, THIAGO LIMA DA SILVA, DANIELLE VIEIRA GUIMARAES, and ISAAC LEAL DE SANTANA. "ORGANIC MATTER AND CARBON MANAGEMENT INDEX OF SOIL TREATED WITH COMPOSTED AND NON-COMPOSTED LAYERED RESIDUES." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 1 (2017): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n109rc.
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ABSTRACT The use of organic residues and compost is a common practice to improve soil quality and content of organic matter. In this study, the labile and stable fractions of soil organic matter were evaluated after application of layers of fresh (non-composted) or composted organic residues in a 6-year-old citrus orchard. The experiment was set up as a randomized block design, with 6 treatments: control without NPK, control with NPK, non-composted organic residue (NCOR, with and without NPK), and composted organic residue (humus, with and without NPK), with three replicates. The treatments were applied under the plant canopy. Soil samples were collected from the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.15 m layers. There were increases of 10.3, 22.4, 16.3, and 37.1 % in the organic carbon contents of the surface soil for the treatments using NCOR without NPK, NCOR with NPK, humus with NPK, and humus without NPK, respectively. The organic carbon contents of the labile fraction varied from 1.0 to 12.8 g kg-1, representing between 8 and 62 % of the total carbon. The carbon concentrations in the stable fraction varied from 3.1 to 9.7 g kg-1, representing between 38 and 92 % of the total carbon, and this was the dominant fraction for most of the treatments.
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Lopushniak, V., and G. Hrytsulyak. "Impact of sewage sludge application on the humus state of sod-podzolic soil of subcarpathia under energetic willow plantation." Agricultural Science and Practice 3, no. 2 (2016): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp3.02.026.
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Aim. To determine the impact of energetic willow fertilization with sewage sludge (SS) and manure on the change in the humus state of sod-podzolic soil of Subcarpathia under energetic willow plantation. Methods. Soil samples were collected on the experimental fi eld of Ivano-Frankivsk College of LNAU. The humus con- tent was determined according to DSTU 4289:2004; that of its labile forms – according to DSTU 4732:2007, the content of organic matter in SS and manure – according to GOST 27980-88. Results. The application of sewage sludge for energetic willow grown in sod-podzolic soil of Subcarpathia led to the increase in the total humus content by 0.5–1.1 % compared to the control (without fertilizers). The use of SS preconditioned the change in the humus quality, including the increase in humic acids in humus by 0.05–0.07 %, which promoted the increase in the share of stable humus up to 68–70 % and the stabilization of the humus state of sod-podzolic soil. Conclusions. The application of sewage sludge impacts the change in the indices of humus quality, in particular, its group composition. The level of humic acids content in humus increases with the increase in the dose of the introduced sewage sludge and manure, based thereon. It ensures the increase in the share of stable humus in soil, which, in its turn, conditions the stabilization of humus state of sod-podzolic soil. However, this dependence weakens with depth.
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Borodina, Kira S. "Content of humus and labile organic matter in leached chernozem of the Plavsky District of the Tula Region under different land use patterns." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 2 (2025): 20–31. https://doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2025-2-20-31.
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The state program for the effective involvement of agricultural lands in the turnover and development of the reclamation complex of the Russian Federation has contributed to the active return of fallow lands to arable land, which in turn opens up new opportunities for studying changes in soil properties in such conditions. The article examines the issue of changes in the content of humus and labile organic matter of leached chernozem (Luvic Chernic Phaeozems) of the forest-steppe zone in the conditions of the Tula Region upon return to arable land from the fallow state. Four plots with different land use patterns were selected – arable land with spring crops, arable land with perennial grasses, fallow land put into turnover and virgin land for comparison. The studies were conducted in the period from 2022 to 2024. On the plot with permanent arable land use the average humus content in the arable layer was the lowest and most stable for three years – 6.06%. The average humus content in the soil of the virgin land and the land after plowing of perennial grasses was approximately the same and exceeded the humus content in the permanent arable land by 0.6%, the highest humus content (7.17%) was found in the soil of the plowed fallow land. The content of labile organic matter (LOM) in the arable soil layer under permanent arable land stabilized at the lowest level of 0.38% for the studied plots. The highest significant LOM content (p = 0.05) was observed in the soil horizon after plowing perennial grasses, less pronounced but also reliable increase of LOM content was observed in the soil horizon of the plowed fallow land. In these variants, in the third year after plowing, there was a noticeable decrease in the LOM content, apparently due to mineralization.
Books on the topic "Labile humus"
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He, Zhongqi, and Fengchang Wu. Labile Organic Matter: Chemical Compositions, Function, and Significance in Soil and the Environment. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2015.
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He, Zhongqi, and Fengchang Wu. Labile Organic Matter: Chemical Compositions, Function, and Significance in Soil and the Environment. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2020.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Labile humus"
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Sposito, Garrison. "Oxidation– Reduction Reactions." In The Chemistry of Soils. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630881.003.0010.
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Soils become flooded occasionally by intense rainfall or by runoff, and a significant portion of soils globally underlies highly productive wetlands ecosystems that are inundated intermittently or permanently. Peat-producing wetlands (bogs and fens) account for about half the inundated soils, with swamps and rice fields each accounting for about one-sixth. Wetlands soils hold about one-third of the total nonfossil fuel organic C stored below the land surface, which is about the same amount of C as found in the atmosphere or in the terrestrial biosphere. This C storage is all the more impressive given that wetlands cover less than 6% of the global land area. On the other hand, wetlands ecosystems are also significant locales for greenhouse gas production. They constitute the largest single source of CH4 entering the atmosphere, emitting about one-third the global total, with half this amount plus more than half the global N2O emissions coming from just three rice-producing countries. A soil inundated by water cannot exchange O2 readily with the atmosphere. Therefore, consumption of O2 and the accumulation of CO2 ensue as a result of soil respiration. If sufficient humus metabolized readily by the soil microbiome (“labile humus”) is available, O2 disappearance after inundation is followed by a characteristic sequence of additional chemical transformations. This sequence is illustrated in Fig. 6.1 for two agricultural soils: a German Inceptisol under cereal cultivation and a Philippines Vertisol under paddy rice cultivation. In the German soil, which was always well aerated prior to its sudden inundation, NO3- is observed to disappear from the soil solution, after which soluble Mn(II) and Fe(II) begin to appear, whereas soluble SO42- is depleted (left side of Fig. 6.1). The appearance of the two soluble metals results from the dissolution of oxyhydroxide minerals (Section 2.4). Despite no previous history of inundation, CH4 accumulation in the soil occurs and increases rapidly after SO42- becomes undetectable and soluble Mn(II) and Fe(II) levels have become stabilized. During the incubation time of about 40 days, the pH value in the soil solution increased from 6.3 to 7.5, whereas acetic acid (Section 3.1) as well as H2 gas were produced.
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Martin, J. P., and K. Haider. "Microbial Degradation and Stabilization of 14C-Labeled Lignins, Phenols, and Phenolic Polymers in Relation to Soil Humus Formation." In Lignin Biodegradation: Microbiology, Chemistry, and Potential Applications. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351074063-4.
Full textReports on the topic "Labile humus"
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Hall, G. E. M., J. E. Vaive, A. I. MacLaurin, and M. Hoashi. Selective leaching of the labile organic component of humus and soils with sodium pyrophosphate solution. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207587.
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