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Journal articles on the topic 'Labor and laboring classes Ukraine'
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1
Woronov, T. E. "Doing Time: Mimetic Labor and Human Capital Accumulation in Chinese Vocational Schools." South Atlantic Quarterly 111, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 701–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-1724147.
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Working-class youth enrolled in China’s urban vocational schools spend years hanging out and sleeping through their classes. Rather than condemning this as a failure of the students’ ability or the schools’ pedagogy, this essay argues that attending vocational school is a form of mimetic labor in China today. Based on a year of ethnographic research in two vocational schools and theorized using Diane Elson’s value theory of labor, this essay analyzes China’s current regimes of human capital accumulation. I argue that these regimes structure nonelite education such that working-class youth generate value by laboring at the mimetic production of a school-like environment.
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Shedd, John A. "The State Versus the Trades Guilds: Parliament's Soldier-Apprentices in the English Civil War Period, 1642–1655." International Labor and Working-Class History 65 (April 2004): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547904000079.
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During the English Civil War period, parliament freed apprentices who had left their masters to serve in parliament's armed forces, thereby nullifying the postwar efforts of companies to force disbanded soldiers to return and finish their seven years of training. In effect, legislation favoring apprentices undid the traditional cooperative relationship between the English state and the guilds. By freeing apprentices who had yet to complete labor contracts, parliament made more common the practice of renegade apprentices abandoning their masters to set up shop, a problem that had plagued the guild system since its inception. The many Civil War apprentices who took advantage of these innovative state benefits can remind us that we have been too inclined to associate the unraveling of the guild system and the rise of capitalism with the bourgeoisie rather than with the laboring classes.
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Cantwell, Christopher D. "Sherri Broder,Tramps, Unfit Mothers, and Neglected Children: Negotiating the Family in Nineteenth-Century Philadelphia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002. 259 pp. $42.50 cloth." International Labor and Working-Class History 68 (October 2005): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547905270230.
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With the relatively recent renovation of the American welfare system, the current dispute over faith-based organizations administering federal aid, and the wanton usage of the term family values in political discourse, few can deny that debate over the family, welfare, and the state remains heated. To add greater depth and nuance to this debate, Sherri Broder has delved into the complex relationships between the subjects and objects of social reform in late-nineteenth century Philadelphia. She explores how wealthy reformers, evangelical rescue workers, the labor movement, and laboring people “all drew on the discourse of the family”—which revolved around contested definitions of what constituted a tramp, unfit mother, or neglected child—“to define themselves variously as gendered members of different social classes, as respected family and community members, as political actors, and as people with claims on the state, the police, and public and private social services”(6). Utilizing local and national labor periodicals, the published works of charity organizations and individual reformers, and the institutional records of the Pennsylvania Society to Protect Children from Cruelty (SPCC) and the pseudonymous “Haven for Unwed Mothers and Infants,” Broder moves topically throughout five chapters dissecting different components of Philadelphia's discourse on the family.
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Chacón, Ramón D. "Rural Educational Reform in Yucatán: From the Porfiriato to the Era of Salvador Alvarado, 1910-1918." Americas 42, no. 2 (October 1985): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007209.
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The majority of leaders who participated in the 1910 Mexican Revolution agreed that educational reform was essential if the laboring classes were to be assimilated into Mexican society. Despite these deepfelt concerns, in the arena of social reform, education during the years 1910-1920 played a tertiary role behind agrarian and labor reform, issues which received the greatest national attention. Thus, at the national level education failed to attract serious reform until the 1920s. There were, however, other reasons that explain the lack of support for educational change. The political instability that existed due to revolutionary internecine warfare, the shortage of revenues, and the lack of a national education policy further obstructed an educational reform movement. The shortcomings in governmental direction were compounded even more because in 1914 the central government adopted an educational policy of decentralization that gave the states control over education. This experiment in decentralization, lasting from 1914 to 1920, was a fiasco and left little doubt that the national government should assume control over education.
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Smart, Devin. "Provisioning the Posho: Labor Migration and Working-Class Food Systems on the Early-Colonial Kenyan Coast." International Labor and Working-Class History 98 (2020): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014754791900019x.
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AbstractEngaging questions about social reproduction, migrant labor, and food provisioning, this article examines the emergence of a working-class food system on the coast of Kenya during the early decades of the twentieth century. Like elsewhere in Africa, labor migrants in Kenya's port city of Mombasa and on nearby plantations were provisioned with food rations, which were part of what Patrick Harries calls a “racial paternalism” that structured many labor relations during the colonial period. The article starts in rural Kenya, but then follows labor migrants to their places of employment to examine the formation of this new food system. In upcountry rural societies, women had primarily produced and then exclusively prepared their communities’ food. However, as migrants, men received a ration (posho) of maize meal or rice as part of their pay, used their cash wages to purchase foodstuffs from nearby markets, and some plantation workers were also able to grow their own vegetables on plots allocated by their employers. After acquiring their food through these wage-labor relations, men then had to cook their meals themselves. In addition the cuisine created by labor migration was one of extreme monotony compared to what these migrants ate in their rural communities, but I also show how food became a point of conflict between management and labor. The article demonstrates how workers successfully pressured their employers to improve the quantity and quality of their rations from the 1910s to the 1920s, while also raising their wages that allowed them to purchase better food. I additionally argue that during this period an “urban” or “rural” context did not fundamentally define how migrant workers acquired their food, as those laboring in both city and countryside received these rations. However, the article concludes by examining how after 1930, economic transformations changed Mombasa's food system so that workers became almost entirely reliant on cash and credit as the way they acquired their daily meals, while paternalism continued to infuse the food systems of rural migrant laborers. In sum, this article is a local study of coastal Kenya that is also concerned with global questions about how food provisioning fits into the social reproduction of working classes in industrial and colonial capitalism.
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Jaffe, J. A. "The “Chiliasm of Despair” Reconsidered: Revivalism and Working-Class Agitation in County Durham." Journal of British Studies 28, no. 1 (January 1989): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385924.
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The role of evangelical religion in the social history of the English working class has been an area of both bewildering theories and un-founded generalizations. The problem, of course, was given a degree of notoriety by Elie Halévy who, according to the received interpretation, claimed that the revolutionary fervor characteristic of the Continental working class in the first half of the nineteenth century was drained from its British counterpart because of the latter's acceptance of Evangelicalism, namely, Methodism.It was revived most notably by E. P. Thompson, who accepted the counterrevolutionary effect of Methodism but claimed that the evangelical message was really an agent of capitalist domination acting to subordinate the industrial working class to the dominion of factory time and work discipline. Furthermore, Thompson argued, the English working class only accepted Methodism reluctantly and in the aftermath of actual political defeats that marked their social and economic subordination to capital. This view has gained a wide acceptance among many of the most prominent labor historians, including E. J. Hobsbawm and George Rudé who believe that Evangelicalism was the working-class's “chiliasm of despair” that “offered the one-time labour militant … compensation for temporal defeats.”There could hardly be a starker contrast between the interpretation of these labor historians and the views of those who have examined the social and political history of religion in early industrial Britain. Among the most important of these, W. R. Ward has claimed that Methodism was popular among the laboring classes of the early nineteenth century precisely because it complemented political radicalism.
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Harashenko, Larysa Vasylyvna, and Olena Dmytrivna Litichenko. "ARTISTIC LABOR AS A MEANS OF FORMING OF THE SUBJECT AND PRACTICAL COMPETENCE IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN." Educological discourse, no. 3-4 (2019): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2312-5829.2019.3-4.110120.
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In this article contemporary scholarly thoughts about the significance of artistic labor for the development of preschool children are considered. According to the scientific researches it is clarified that contents of artistic labor for preschool children have considerably expanded in the modern system of preschool education of Ukraine during the last 20 years, it is connected with a large amount of new materials which are accessible for children, attention of teachers and parents, increased opportunities of ideas exchanging with the help of the Internet and new educational tendencies. The concept of artistic labor and its development during the last 30 years has been analyzed. Factors of influence on extension contents of artistic labor of preschool children are clarified. It is discovered that conception about surrounding subject, natural and social world becomes the basis for creative activity of children. That is why forming of the subject and practical competence is a necessary condition for development of artistic and creative abilities of preschool children. It is important to acquaint children with different kinds of artistic creativity, to enrich their knowledge about materials and their properties, the possibilities of intended use, to develop skills and abilities of working with different kinds of materials, aesthetic taste, a positive attitude towards artistic activity, culture of work. Features of the use of artistic labor in order to form the subject and practical competence of preschool children are considered. The tasks of subject and practical activity, which can be solved on classes on artistic labor, are given.
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Zaiukov, Ivan, Oleksandr Kobylianskyi, and Vitalina Pugach. "Remote performance of laboratory classes from module 2 “Fundamentals of occupational health and safety” discipline “Life safety and fundamentals of labor protection”." Health and Safety Pedagogy 5, no. 1 (2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2524-1079-2020-5-1-043-051.
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The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the pandemic of the infectious disease COVID-19 is spreading in the world and in Ukraine. This requires the introduction of radical changes in the educational process of higher education institutions, in particular the conduct of laboratory work in the disciplines of the cycle of labor protection. The purpose of the article is to study the problem of development and implementation of remote laboratory classes in the study of the module 2 "Fundamentals of labor protection" based on the functioning of the electronic system JetIq VNTU. The object of the study is the educational distance training of bachelor students in the institutions of the cycle of disciplines in labor protection. The subject of research is the theory and methods of development and implementation of remote laboratory classes in the module 2 "Fundamentals of labor protection" on the topic «Research of touch and step voltage». The Regulations on distance and blended learning of Vinnytsia National Technical University are considered and the emphasis is placed on the need to introduce virtual experiments in conducting laboratory classes in the disciplines of the cycle of labor protection. The main elements of the scheme of realization of the educational platform − JetIq VNTU learning management system are generalized and examples of the corresponding interaction «Teacher – Student» are given. A virtual laboratory lesson with a detailed description of it, which is given in the guidelines for its remote implementation on the topic «Investigation of contact voltage and step" in the discipline discipline "Life safety and basics of labor protection" (module 2 "Fundamentals of labor protection") for students of educational degree Bachelor in the field of knowledge 07 − Management and administration in the electronic system JetIq VNTU. The structure of methodical instructions for the laboratory lesson «Investigation of contact and step voltage» in the discipline discipline "Life safety and basics of labor protection" (module 2 "Fundamentals of labor protection"). Conducting the experimental part, summarizing and forming a student report and communication in the system «Teacher – student». These guidelines allowed in the quarantine conditions to approach in the mode of a virtual experiment to investigate the physical processes that occur when a person is exposed to the voltage of touch and step; take readings from the voltmeter and ammeter; to construct the corresponding schedules, in particular concerning action on the person of force of current; draw conclusions, etc. Developed and implemented guidelines for conducting a virtual experiment «Study of the voltage of touch and step» allow in practice to consolidate the knowledge that was learned as a result of the lecture «Fundamentals of Electrical Safety», in video conferencing, based on the platform «Google Meet». This should raise the professional level of future graduates and form a holistic system of occupational safety competencies, which will ultimately save their lives and health in the process of professional activity.
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MATIUK, Tetiana, and Nika-Kateryna BESSARABOVA. "Correlation between level of education and employment rate." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 5/3 (May 29, 2020): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.5(3).6.
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The paper is devoted to research correlation between level of education and employment rate. It is aimed at proving the impact of education on employment. Also in this paper was considered the issue of incompatibility of quality specialists by universities and colleges in market conditions and was displayed the role and place of the level of education in the world. Moreover, many current problems related to the level of education and theirs consequences were described below. In this paper was conducted an analysis of 60 different countries of the world which concluded that the unemployment rate is much lower among people with higher education. Therefore, the influence and correlation of the level of education on the number of employed people is proved. The level of education is one of the main factors of economic development because of reduction of unskilled work leads to the formation of a new quality of the economy. The level of education is the main factor in the employee’s competitiveness in the labor market, which directly affects the efficiency of employment in the country. Nowadays, in the world that is developing too fast, the employer constantly raises the level of requirements for the employee. Consequently, to be in demand as a specialist, you need to improve your competence invariably, attending all possible trainings and master classes and have to be able to properly and in time use the new acquired knowledge and skills. An important feature of the employee is the mobility that is ability to quickly adapt to new working conditions and in general positively and purposefully respond to the modernization of the workflow. The purpose of the paper is to determine the impact of the level of education on employment rate and research their correlation. Number and structure of graduates in Ukraine does not match with the structure of demand for them. Ukraine has one of the highest levels of education in Europe, this was confirmed of our exploration, but in the same time characterized by a reduction in employment due to inability to retrain workers, a large number of migration population and difficult economic situation. The system of training of specialists of Ukraine should be directed at strategic forecasting of the future for the formation of professional development and rational use of labor potential of Ukraine with exactly purposes, tasks and priorities.
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Khimich, Vita, Olena Homoniuk, and Mykola Rudnichenko. "A Comparative Analysis of Professional Training of Future Physical Culture Teachers in Leading European Countries." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rpp-2019-0032.
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AbstractThe article deals with analysis of undergraduate courses for professional training of future physical culture teachers in Poland, Germany, France, and Ukraine. These countries set a number of requirements to higher educational establishments that have professionally oriented programmes for such specialists and are almost similar in majority of the countries. It has been revealed that the content of studies is oriented on current demands of the labor market and personal needs of future physical culture teachers. Forms of organization of undergraduate courses for future physical culture teachers (lectures, seminars, practical classes, individual and group projects, individual work) have been analyzed. Undergraduate courses in Poland have been analyzed. They are oriented on search of new educational training programs that would correspond to changes on national, regional, and global educational services markets and labor markets. It has been revealed that educational system in Poland includes state and private educational establishments. The research showed that the system of higher education in Poland is regulated by state legislative acts. It has been revealed that all higher educational establishments in Germany are divided into the following groups: universities, higher vocational schools giving specialized vocational training, higher educational schools (colleges) of arts and music. The research showed that each of federal lands has certain autonomy and can independently regulate educational policy and term of educational reforms implementation. It has been revealed that demands are made to teachers, namely to professional competence, knowledge, professional ability, preparedness, and skills needed for teachers to be able to solve certain educational problems. Studies consist of compulsory and elective modules. French system of education that has vivid national specifics has been analyzed in the article. It has been revealed that France has its own system of diplomas and academic degrees. It has been described that in France, university training of specialists in physical education and sport focuses on combination of fundamental theoretical education and professional practice. The author tackles present-day requirements to professional activity of teachers and professional training of future physical culture teachers in Ukraine. The structure of higher education in Ukraine has been built based on the structure of education on developed countries approved by UNESCO, UN and other international organizations.
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Yachnyuk, M., I. Yachnyuk, Yu Yachnyuk, and E. Ibragimov. "Formation of continuous coaches’ education." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 5(125) (September 27, 2020): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.5(125).33.
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The society developments model requires a modern specialist of a wide range of knowledge, skills and competencies for successful fulfilment of their professional functions, ensuring comprehensive and sustainable development of education and science of Ukraine. A rapidly evolving modern society needs skilled workers who can compete in the labor market, are competent, responsible and free to own a profession, capable of working effectively with a specialty at world-wide standards, ready for continued professional growth, social and occupational mobility.
Postgraduate education involves the development of it through open technologies of adult‟s education, opens contingent and classes, transparency of the system, coherence of all components, as well as the conditions for free entry of subjects in the educational space, obtaining quality education without restrictions on gender, national, gender, and territorial differences. Professional self-development it is a process of forming a personality oriented to high professional achievements. In the system of postgraduate education creates the conditions for lifelong learning, accessibility in acquiring knowledge, meeting the needs and needs of the individual and society.
Advanced training uses the modern theory and practice of sports training; application of methods of functional recovery of an organism is studied; out-of-training and out-of-competition factors in training athletes, psychological training are analysed. The timing of further courses depends on the formation of the group.
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Griban, Grygoriy P., Natalia A. Lyakhova, Oleksii V. Tymoshenko, Zhanna G. Domina, Nadya Yu Dovgan, Mykola Z. Kruk, Ivan V. Mychka, et al. "CURRENT STATE OF STUDENTS’ HEALTH AND ITS IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 7 (2020): 1438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202007124.
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The aim is to investigate the state of health of the students of Ukrainian higher education institutions. Materials and methods: The study of state of health was conducted at Polissia National University and Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University in 2008-2019. The results of a medical examination of 3737 students of different faculties between the ages of 17 and 22 were examined. Medical examinations were conducted by the doctors of the medical centers of universities. Totally 1208 pupils (male and female) of the schools of Zhytomyr region were involved in the questionnaire, which was conducted to analyze the attendance of physical education classes by pupils while studying at school. 648 students of Polissia National University participated in the study of the self-assessment of their own health, causes, and structure of disease incidence, the dynamics of the loss of labor capacity. Results: It was established that from 24 to 30.8 % of the students had diseases and a low level of physical development that indicated a low level of physical education at schools. It was revealed that the number of sick students was increasing during the study at higher educational institutions (HEI) that led to missing classes. Besides, up to 35.5 % of students had health disorders and belonged to a special medical group. And 1.7 % of the students had chronic diseases and disabilities and were exempted from sports. It was found that physical education and sports took the 5th place in the system of life values of male students and the 12th place in the system of life values of female students. Conclusions: Physical education, aimed at enhancing the functional capacity of an organism, the development of physical qualities, the improvement of the special physical and technical readiness in the sphere of physical activity types and the acquisition of professionally applied skills and abilities, is the basis for strengthening the health of students of Ukraine.
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Orel, Dmitriy. "SYSTEMATIC TRAINING OF PROFESSIONAL CIRCUS ARTISTSБ (ACROBATS-VOLTIGERS AND AIR GYMNASTS ON THE CORDE-DE-PÉRIL) IN THE INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION OF ART SPHERE." ART-platFORM 1, no. 1 (May 14, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.51209/platform.1.1.2020.126-140.
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The article outlines the possibility of a systematic principle of training a circus artist in today's conditions.
The purpose of the study is to systematically review the training of the future professional circus artist − an acrobat and gymnast. The system of humanitarian, artistic, pedagogical, scientific and professional competencies is traced. The specificity and characteristics of the educational process in the circus industry are determined.
The research methodology is based on the desire for an integrated approach to the study of circus culture of related art forms. In addition, empirical, descriptive, and general scientific methods of comparative analysis and synthesis are used. A The scientific novelty consists to identify the characteristic features of specificity and the training of a professional circus artist in genres − acrobatic voltage and air gymnastics on the cord de péril.
The circus culture in the process of evolution is enriched with the modern interaction of the performing arts: from introducing stunt elements from sports acrobatics and gymnastics; contemporary theater, in particular acting and psychophysical training; neoclassical ballet school and popular youth styles in contemporary choreography with the borrowing of modern dance, jazz dance; plastic and facial aspects of the school of contemporary pantomime; circus genres − manual balancing, juggling, as well as the humanities and art cycle of instruction. The uniform load of the professional cycle in combination with the artistic and humanitarian opens up new opportunities in the preparation of a contemporary circus artist with professional skills. The emphasis on the student’s use while learning the great possibilities of modern technologies for independent work is electronic sites, video presentations, master classes, training and practical training, creative events create unlimited opportunities for becoming a professional circus artist in the modern labor market, both in Ukraine and abroad.
Keywords: circus genres, acrobatics, gymnastics, voltige acrobatic, aerial gymnastics on the cord de parel, circus stunt, stage representation, circus number, choreography, pantomime.
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Kravchenko, Наnna, and Pochueva Olga. "Рeculiarities of the content of the course «Pedagogical consulting» in student training by master's programs." IMAGE OF THE MODERN PEDAGOGUE 1, no. 3 (June 16, 2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33272/2522-9729-2020-3(198)-25-32.
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The content of the article considers the issue of training teachers and heads of educational organizations in the specialties 011 «Educational, pedagogical». Problems of teaching students in these specialties involve obtaining the necessary knowledge and opportunities for professional development.The article draws attention to the study of the concept of consulting services in Ukraine in the field of education. The analysis of research on the concept of «consulting» as an activity, in terms of different approaches, revealed that it plays an important role in the development of educational organizations. Since consulting is based on the scientific organization of labor, systematic analysis, scientifically sound methods of decision making. The focus is on understanding the importance of management consulting, which helps identify which places in the organization are most vulnerable, adjusts the activities of the organization as a whole and in turn, is divided into strategic, marketing and personnel. It is proved that the study of the discipline «Pedagogical Consulting» in the training of the second (master) level should enrich students with knowledge about the possibilities and effectiveness of consulting counseling, psychological and pedagogical audit, skills of consultants-trainers who coordinate activities in small organizations and groups, master the skills to develop programs for innovative development of the team and conduct various types of diagnostics, etc. It is determined that in the process of teaching the discipline the main attention should be paid to the acquisition of professional competencies by students; intensification of educational and cognitive activities of students, which involves the use of both active and interactive learning technologies; the use of certain methods of activating the learning process. A necessary element of successful mastering of the discipline material is independent work of students, and the system of assessment of formed competencies in students, which considers the types of classes stimulates daily systematic work of masters and increases motivation of masters to master management educational programs based on evaluation of their work
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Buleev, I. "The Structure of Society and the Middle Class: State, Development Prospects." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 3 (61) (2020): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2020-3(61)-11-29.
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The article examines the main stages of the development of society from prehistoric times to the present, the transformation of its structure. In contrast to the traditional perception of a person as a biosocial subject, he is viewed as a spiritually-bio-social subject in nature in a “spiritually-socially-natural” system. The research methods based on consistency, the concept of three forces of development, dialectics and trialectics are used. The category of spirituality in relation to a person and society is considered, a significant change in the ratio of "spiritual" and "material" is noted, it is proved that in the conditions of intellectualization of society, its transformation into post-industrial (hyperindustrial), the dominant development is spirituality, and the basis of social relations is the institutions of spirituality of the people, values, morality, responsibility. It is noted that any society capable of creating added value is divided into two main parts: rich and poor, opposing both in economic relations, the distribution of added value, and in other social relations, in culture, education, etc. Between them there is the middle part of society, interested in maintaining its stability, law and order, spirituality, values, their evolutionary development, etc. In the industrial era of capitalism, this part of society grows significantly as a result of an increase in the standard of living, professionalism of workers to the level necessary for industrial production. At the stage of the formation of capitalism, the theory of classes is developing and the middle part of society is reasonably attributed to the main classes, called the middle class (MC). The middle class became basic in the stabilization of society, its spiritual and economic development. The study notes the inappropriateness of the spread of the definitions of class theory, the theory of the middle class to pre-capitalist and post-industrial societies. SK is a category of capitalist society. As society transforms from the industrial stage of economic development into financial-oligarchic capitalism, into a post-industrial (hyperindustrial) society, the objective conditions for the quantitative growth of middle class are curtailed. ICT, intellectualization of production and society sharply reduce the need for labor. The number of the UK is declining. 10-20% of the most professionally trained (up to the level of scientific workers) specialists stand out from the middle class and move to the lower part of the upper class. The rest (up to 80% of the UK) – go to the lower class. As a result, the UK is practically liquidated. In order to preserve the stability of a society based on market relations, the state and its elite must consciously support and preserve the middle part of society, into which the industrial middle class is being transformed, which is necessary for the functioning of the internal market and society. The article substantiates the preconditions and conditions for the formation and transformation of the middle class in developing and post-capitalist countries, including Ukraine. In economically developed countries that have embarked on the path of formation of post-industrial (hyperindustrial, new integral) societies, two ways of changing their structure are possible: further differentiation in terms of income, assets, spirituality; or the formation of a society of average sufficiency, where there is a convergence of classes and strata of the population in terms of quality of life, spirituality, etc. The substantiation and possibilities of this or that vector of development of society require further theoretical research and their testing in practice.
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Pyda, S. V., N. N. Barna, and L. S. Barna. "ВІДОМИЙ УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ВЧЕНИЙ-БІОЛОГ ТА ПЕДАГОГ (ДО 85-РІЧЧЯ ВІД ДНЯ НАРОДЖЕННЯ)." Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology 80, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2020): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.20.3-4.17.
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The article covers the scientific, pedagogical and public activities of biologist, plant physiologist, candidate of biological sciences, associate professor and head of the Department of Botany (1988–2002), rector of the Ternopil State Pedagogical Institute (1982–1984) Ivan Mykolaiovych Butnytskyi. The scientist went from an assistant to the head of the Department of Botany, vice-rector for academic affairs (1979–2002), rector of the Ternopil State Pedagogical Institute (2002–2004).
In 1975 he successfully defended his dissertation on "Polarity and physiological-biochemical features of sexualization of some dioecious plants" for the degree of candidate of biological sciences in the specialty – plant physiology. By the decision of the Academic Council of Chernivtsi State University of December 29, 1975 Ivan Mykolaiovych Butnytskyi was awarded the degree of Candidate of Biological Sciences and by the decision of the High Attestation Commission of the USSR Council of Ministers of December 23, 1981 - the academic title of associate professor of botany. The direction of his research was to study the features of sexualization of tissues of female and male forms of dioecious plants; study of the activity of some oxidative enzymes in males and females of dioecious plants, the effect of photoperiodism on the growth of aboveground and underground organs in some dioecious plants, the effect of inoculation on the formation of root nitrogen-fixing nodules and increase alfalfa yield in Western Podillya; study of activation of bean-rhizobial symbiosis of alfalfa in the absence of the use of heterologous lectins, etc.
I. M. Butnytskyi actively develops methodological aspects of improving the preparation of courses "Plant Physiology", especially increasing the independent activity of students in the process of preparation for laboratory classes and educational practice in this course. I. M. Butnytskyi was a talented and responsible organizer of higher education, proved to be principled, hardworking, conscientious in the performance of official duties, persistent in achieving the goal, a teacher with deep theoretical knowledge, which he generously shared with students, teachers in postgraduate courses, in the lecture hall of the society «Knowledge», enjoyed leadership among teachers and students, conducted research, participated in the education of student youth and the implementation of measures for the organic combination of the institute with the work of secondary schools in the region and city.
I. M. Butnytskyi’s active public and scientific activity was noted by the state. He was awarded the Veteran of Labor Medal (1987), the Badge of Excellence in Public Education of the Ukrainian SSR (1982) and two Diplomas of the Ministry of Defense of the Ukrainian SSR (1958 and 1990). He was elected a deputy of the Ternopil City Council of People's Deputies. For many years he headed the Ternopil branch of the Ukrainian Society of Plant Physiologists.
He is the author of more than 130 scientific and scientific-methodical works, including two patents of Ukraine for inventions.
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Stanislavchuk, O., O. Gornostaj, N. Slobodianyk, and V. Tokars'ka. "DANGERS MONITORING IN SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS." Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety 20 (January 23, 2020): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20784643.20.2019.09.
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Creating a safe environment in schools is an extremely important task that requires a lot of attention. Peculiarity of such educational institution is: - availability of premises for various purposes (classrooms, classrooms for such subjects as chemistry and physics, workshops for labor training with tools, materials, sewing machines, sports and assembly hall, dining room, kitchen). - group stay in one building of different children age groups at the same time. - institutions become the venue for various events – fairs, concerts, meetings, sports competitions. The legislation of Ukraine states that all institution employees, as well as students, should be taught the safe be-havior rules. It has been researched that child traumatism makes up about 26% of the total, including 12-16% at school. It is found that not all educational staff have an idea of the potential dangers real number that could endanger both their lives and their health and their students as well. The main causes of school traumatism are: the lack of teacher control over students' behavior during lessons and breaks and poorly organized educational work. Studies of existing risks at the educational process were carried out in several ways: legislation on the education-al process organizing analysis, sociological (questionary of students, their parents, teachers, teachers of inclusive educa-tion, employees of supervisory bodies), statistical (emergencies analysis that occurred in educational countries for the last two years) and other methods. The study compiled a list of the most common dangers that pose or may pose a threat to educational process participants in modern schools. The most common are: - unknown gas, which is distributed at school events or at school premises, so it is necessary to plan evacuation drills in case of unknown gas spraying in premises, or detection of explosive or unknown objects in premises or on school area, as well as in case of danger; - the dangers encountered in the school's courtyards - enhanced protection and access restriction to the educational institutions territory of persons who do not directly participate in the educational process and to develop and dis-seminate to students, pedagogical staff the rules leaflet on dealing with suspicious objects; - fires in school buildings - fire safety inspections before the school year start show that a significant percentage of schools do not meet the requirements. The main violations found while fire safety school detecting are: missing or faulty fire systems; improperly connected hydrants; faulty fire extinguishers; missing or faulty external water supply; arrangement of fire-hazardous stretch ceilings; no lightning rod; combustible bases under concealed wires, sockets and switches,; evacuation routes are not illuminated; no fire protection, no fire safety instructions; lattices are fixed on the windows; the door does not open in the exit direction. All educational process participants should know the procedure and sequence of actions in case of fire: 1. The fire department must be notified by telephone (101), to switch on the notification system, to inform the facility manager or the assistant. 2. Evacuate students and pupils from the building on the alarm signal. Evacuation should be performed accord-ing to the developed evacuation scenario in different cases (the event happened during the lesson, during a break, while staying with children in the cafeteria, during events in the assembly hall, at night - for institutions with round-the-clock stay of children, etc.). 3. All puipils evacuated from the building are checked according to the available in groups or classes list (log-book) by name. 4. In the daytime, pupils, groups (classes) are accommodated in the building (on the specified address). At night, they are evacuated to the building (note address). Therefore, knowing the simplest security rules will help to reduce the level of danger at an institution. The need is to create a risk management system that will allow: successfully deal with the risks of different origins and their consequences; take into account the specifics of each situation; ensure adequate powers and responsibilities allocation; respond promptly to changing conditions; optimally apply the necessary resources to reduce risk; eliminate the negative effects of adverse situations and events with minimal resources and in the shortest possible time.
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Suwandi, Intan. "The Case for Labor-Led Development." Monthly Review, February 1, 2020, 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-071-09-2020-02_4.
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As Benjamin Selwyn points out in his sharp and thoughtful The Struggle for Development, capital-centered development deepens exploitation. Selwyn powerfully challenges the capitalist road to further immiseration for the majority of the world's population, opening up an important discussion regarding what is to be done in the twenty-first century. An alternative form of development, led by the laboring classes, is not only necessary but possible. Above all, "labouring-class movements and struggles against capitalist exploitation can be, and are, developmental in and of themselves."
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Lust, Jan. "A Class Analysis of the Expansion of COVID-19 in Peru: The Case of Metropolitan Lima." Critical Sociology, February 11, 2021, 089692052199161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920521991612.
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Peru has become one of the most affected and infected countries by COVID-19. The expansion of the virus could not be contained by a complete lockdown and a state of emergency. In this article we discuss the principal conditions for the expansion of the new coronavirus in Peru and examine what part of the population is most affected and infected by the virus. We find that Peru’s role in the international division of labor, the country’s company structure, high levels of informality, and the general use of temporary contracts are the structural conditions on which the expansion of COVID-19 in Peru rests. This article shows that the laboring classes are the principally infected and affected by the new coronavirus. The Peruvian neoliberal development model has been responsible for the government’s limitation to implement measures according the country’s social and economic structure that might have contained the expansion of COVID-19.
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Biriukova, Tatiana, and Tatiana Sukach. "IMPROVING THE LEVEL OF MOTIVATION OF HIGH MATHEMATICS EXPERIENCE OVER RESOLVING PROFESSIONAL INTEGRITY PROBLEM." Educological discourse, no. 1-2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2312-5829.2019.1-2.115127.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with raising the level of motivation for studying higher mathematics by solving problems of professional orientation. Examples of solving problems for students of the economic profile of education are given. The applied nature of the tasks under consideration aims to combine the study of higher mathematics with the special training of future bachelors and give them the opportunity to gain experience in solving production problems, to increase their professional competence, which is very important during a period of intense competition in the labor market. Modern teaching of higher mathematics in higher educational institutions in Ukraine requires from the teacher a creative, research approach to the selection of tasks for solving in practical classes, namely, the selection of professional orientation tasks for students of the corresponding field of knowledge, which in turn increases interest in studying the discipline, motivation training, forms the corresponding competences of the bachelor's degree. It should be noted that the use of professional-oriented tasks in higher mathematics classes is very important for the educational process, since: - activates the educational process; - increases the level of higher mathematics education; - provides connection with the future profession; - helps to get deeper into the subject and fully understand the need to study it in order to acquire the chosen profession. The defined integral is used to calculate the total economic effects, the total marginal contributions, and so on. The discussed examples do not exhaust all possible applications in the economy, but the interest in studying the course of higher mathematics significantly increases. On practical classes students of economic specialties are offered tasks on calculation of expenses, income and profit in production, determination of total profit at a separate time; tasks on the strategy of enterprise development, on total expenses of consumers for goods; the problem of finding capital for known parts of investment, discounted income and others that are solved with the help of integral calculus. The applied nature of these tasks aims to combine the study of higher mathematics with the special training of future bachelors and give them the opportunity to gain experience in solving production problems, to increase their professional competence.
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Bondarevskaya, Ksenia, Mariia Kalinina, and Mariia Septa. "THE PROBLEMS OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE." Young Scientist 11, no. 87 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2020-11-87-31.
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The article considers the main trends of youth employment in the labor market in modern realities. As a result of the study, a statistic alanalysis of economic and social indicators for young people in Ukraine and the relationship with world indicators was conducted. The main recommendations for an effective national policy on this issue were also made. The most important factors influencing youth employment are the state, education and labor market conditions. It is the balance of these factors that will solve the problem of youth employment. Among the main causes of youth unemployment are the following: the growth in the total number of unemployed; the bankruptcy of a significant part of public and private enterprises; the focus of industrial enterprises on self-preservation and survival, rather than the development and expansion of production; the lack of young people with sufficient experience, in connection with which they are finally hired in the presence of vacancies, and the first to reduce when production is reduced; insufficient development of career guidance work with young people in the senior classes of the school; the increase in the structure of labor supply of the share of persons who do not have professions (foreign citizens) and decrease in the prestige of working professions; weak interest of employers in advanced training and retraining of working professionals. The ways of effectively solving this issue are: reforming the education system, encouraging young people to find employment at the educational stage, and providing benefits to enterprises that employ young people. Attention should also be paid to student internships. The other possible way to overcome the problem is studying the experience of other countries. The problem of youth employment is becoming a challenge for the economies of many countries. It is common not only in Eastern Europe, but also in many developing countries. Young people are a vulnerable category of the workforce due to a large set of factors, including: incorrectly chosen specialty, lack of work experience, inflated demands of young people for the future workplace. If you do not pay enough attention to this problem, it can cause many negative consequences. It should be noted that the UN Sustainable Development Goals include the promotion of progressive, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all, including young people.
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Shiryaeva, Lyudmila, and Yuliia Komarova. "ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF ODESSA REGION." Development of Management and Entrepreneurship Methods on Transport (ONMU), 2020, 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31375/2226-1915-2020-3-12-21.
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The Odessa region has great opportunities for investment development of the region. A considerable number of operating enterprises, the status of one of the largest tourist centers of the country and more than 1 million people provide a high internal demand for goods and services, as well as creates a good basis for further development of the production sector and transport industry. Active actions to attract local and foreign investments, as well as the policy of maximum transparency in relation to business on the part of local authorities, have a positive impact on the investment climate in the region, on the economic, human and social potential of the region. The article is devoted to the actual problem of increasing the investment attractiveness of the region. On the basis of the conducted researches the factors, which increase the investment attractiveness of the region, are singled out, and a number of measures, which help to increase the inflow of investments into the economy of Odessa region, are offered.In recent years, the upgrade of the region's investment attractiveness rating has been due to the long-term growth of certain indicators of the region's social and economic development. The labor market is characterized by a high level of attraction of the population to the economic complex. According to the results of 2018, regional budget revenues increased by 15,6 % to 10,7 billion UAH. The level of fiscal capacity continues to exceed the average for the country and in 2018 amounted to 7,1 thousand UAH. − All this provides favorable conditions for attracting investments, in particular foreign ones.The Odessa Regional Council is constantly taking measures to improve the investment climate, improve the quality of the region's management and provide administrative services.For further attraction of investments into Odessa region it is necessary:- facilitate preparation for implementation of pilot investment projects based on public and private partnership and introduce experience in implementation of pilot investment projects in different regions of the Odessa Oblast;- improve the financial solvency of the region's population;- remove barriers to foreign investment attraction;- create and implement a mechanism for sharing experience in investment attraction with other regions of Ukraine and countries around the world;- conduct master classes, trainings for the participants of investment projects in order to activate their activities; actively use the Internet resource and social networks to display information directly related to attracting investments; attract mass media representatives to the development of investment activities.