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1

Matzo, Marianne. "First-Stage Labor." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 109, no. 12 (2009): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000365179.47707.c0.

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Tuuli, Methodius, Aaron Caughey, Kimberly Roehl, Qiuhong Zhao, Alison Cahill, and Janine Spain. "Normal First Stage of Preterm Labor." American Journal of Perinatology 31, no. 04 (2013): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1348951.

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3

Marwiyah, Nila, and Lenny Stia Pusporini. "PACKAGE OF BIRTHING BALL, PELVIC ROCKING, AND ENDORPHIN MASSAGE (BPE) DECREASE THE FIRST STEP LABOR PAIN." INDONESIAN NURSING JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND CLINIC (INJEC) 2, no. 1 (2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24990/injec.v2i1.124.

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Background and Purpose: Labor pain is unpleasant and frightening experience for birth mother. In addition, labor pain cause exhaustion and childbirth trauma.Birthing ball, pelvic rocking, and endorphin (B.P.E) massage are emerging as non-pharmacology methods of pain management in labor. The aimed of this study was to investigate the effect of package of BPE on labour pain during the first stage of labor. Method: This study was quasi-experiment. Total numbers of samples were 23 mothers who were in the first stage of labor. Samples were selected by using quota sampling technique. Instrument of t
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Alhafez, Leen, and Vincenzo Berghella. "Evidence-based labor management: first stage of labor (part 3)." American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM 2, no. 4 (2020): 100185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100185.

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5

Vaidika, Nagar O., Saini S., and Sushama. "Comparison of Feto-Maternal Outcome after Caesarean Section Done In First Stage of Labour versus Second Stage of Labour." Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2023): 23–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7613189.

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Introduction: Caesarean Section is the most commonly performed abdominal operation in women all over the world. Caesarean section during the second stage of labor carry higher maternal morbidity due to major haemorrhage, uterine atonia,wound infection and prolonged operation time. Neonatal mortality and morbidity due to hypoxia and fetal trauma, remains to be one of the major issues regarding the caesarean section performed in the second stage of labour. Methods: This observational study was conducted at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur from March 2021 to Ju
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Ms, Nishikumari, and Supriya Chinchpure Dr. "Assess The Effectiveness of Ambulation During First Stage of Labour on Outcome of Labour Among the Primigravida Mothers in Selected Hospital." Journal of Community & Social Health Nursing 1, no. 2 (2019): 7–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586484.

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<strong>Background:</strong> Every year 150 million women become pregnant, but some of them do not have easy labors and have pain or even may die. Prolonged labour is one of the reasons for undergoing cesarean sections. Morbidity of cesarean section is more than normal vaginal delivery. Prolonged labour will be preventable through special care in the maternity hospital so as to encourage mothers to walk during the first stage of labour, because this action shortens the course of labour. As per the census of India in 2016, birth rate is 19.3 births/1000 populations and death rate is 7.3 deaths/
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JACKSON, SHERRI, and KIMBERLY D. GREGORY. "Management of the First Stage of Labor." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 58, no. 2 (2015): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000102.

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8

Poorandokht, Afshari Fatemeh Ashian Parvin Abedi٭. "THE COMPLIANCE OF HEALTH PROVIDER ABOUT CARE IN THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR WITH NATIONAL GUIDELINES: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN KHUZESTAN PROVINCE IN IRAN." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 11 (2017): 3935–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1042595.

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Objective: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance of health provider about care in the first stage of labour with national guidelines in Khuzestan province, Iran. Methods: This was a descriptive and observational study. The practice of care providers against low risk pregnant women were observed in 15 hospitals affiliated to the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Khuzestan province. Data collected through a questionnaire and a check list, which were completed by two master students in midwifery. Participants included 400 low risk pregnant women who admitt
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Raghuraman, Nandini, Methodius G. Tuuli, Sindhu K. Srinivas, et al. "32: Second stage of labor outcomes in nulliparous patients with prolonged first stage of labor." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 222, no. 1 (2020): S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.048.

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10

Ulya, Yadul, Siskha Maya Herlina, and Yopi Suryatim Pratiwi. "Date Juice Accelerates Labor in the First Stage." Journal for Quality in Public Health 5, no. 2 (2022): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v5i2.287.

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Labor is a normal process characterized by uterine contractions that cause significant cervical dilatation accompanied by expulsion of the fetus and placenta from the woman's body. The progress of labor in the first stage is the most tiring, strenuous, and most mothers begin to feel pain or pain, in this phase most mothers feel severe pain because uterine activities begin to be more active. The active phase of the first stage of labor involves a lot of energy, so the nutritional needs of the first stage need special attention from the labor manager. One of the fruits that contain considerable
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11

Maqfiro, Siska Nawang Ayunda, and Triany Laila Pelu. "Family Support and Midwives’ Motivation for the First Stage of Labor." Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery 6, no. 1 (2023): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.2776.

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The first stage of labor is the longest duration compared to the second, third, and fourth stages. At this time requires extra energy because contractions occur that cause feelings of fear, anxiety, and excessive stress, triggering the release of non-epinephrine hormones that inhibit the work of oxytocin so that it can prolong the first stage of labor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family support and the midwives’s motivation for the first stage of labor progress in an Independent Midwifery Practice within working area of Kalumata Public Health Center, T
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Wahyuningsih, Diyan, Neta Ayu Andera, and Nisa Aprilia Andika. "The Effect of Left Lateral Position and Squatting Position on The Progress of The Active Phase of The First Stage of Labor Among Primigravida Women at Private Practice Midwife Istikomah, Amd. Keb, Sampung Subdistrict, Ponorogo District." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 8, no. 2 (2021): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v8i2.art.p211-216.

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Primigravida women mostly experience prolonged progress of labor due to the stiff birth canal. There are several positions of labor that may accelerate cervix dilatation process including squatting. This study aimed to determine the effect of left lateral position and squatting position on the progress of the active phase of the first stage of labor among primigravida women. This was a pre-experimental study with Pre test - post test approach. The population was all primigravida women in labor at Private Practive Midwife Istikomah, Amd.Keb., Sampung Subdistrict, Ponorogo District, taken with a
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V., Harshini, Sreelatha S., Ramya S., Shweta Sharan, and Praneetha K. "The Effect of Hyoscine Butylbromide and Drotaverin on First Stage of Labor." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 5, no. 3 (2017): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.5317.17.

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14

Nurchandra Pramudianti, Domas. "Non pharmacological Methods to Reduce Pain in The First Stage of Labor with a Counter Pressure Technique." Health Media 1, no. 2 (2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55756/hm.v1i2.28.

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The Pain is a natural process of labor, but if not handled properly, it will cause another problem, namely increasing anxiety in the labour process. Nowadays many methods are offered to reduce pain in labor, both pharmacological (using drugs) and non pharmacological methods. If possible the choice of non-pharmacologic therapy for the management of pain in pregnancy and labor should be considered before using analgesic drugs. One of an effective non-pharmacological method to reduce pain is with massage Counter Pressure. Article searching conducted in some databases: Google Scholar, Proquest and
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15

Homer, Caroline. "Immersion in Water During First Stage of Labor." Birth 29, no. 1 (2002): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536x.2002.0163c.x.

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Eckert, Kerena, Deborah Turnbull, and Alastair MacLennan. "Immersion in Water During First Stage of Labor." Birth 29, no. 1 (2002): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536x.2002.0163d.x.

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17

Wahyu Abadi Junjung Drajad, Kharisma Kusumaningtyas, Titi Maharrani, and Siti Alfiah. "The Effect of Oxytocin Massage on First-Stage Labor Pain." Journal of Health Sciences 18, no. 01 (2025): 74–80. https://doi.org/10.33086/jhs.v18i01.5936.

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Pain during labor results from uterine contractions that cause cervical dilation, often leading to increased anxiety, vasoconstriction, and decreased oxygen levels. These factors can contribute to prolonged labor for the mother and potential hypoxia for the fetus. Effective pain management techniques, such as oxytocin massage, may help alleviate labor pain and improve maternal comfort. This study aimed to analyze the effect of oxytocin massage on first-stage labor pain. This quantitative study employed a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted at TPMB Afa
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18

Epsztein Kanczuk, Marcelo, Nicholas Martin Barrett, Cristian Arzola, Kristi Downey, Xiang Y. Ye, and Jose C. A. Carvalho. "Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus for Labor Analgesia During First Stage of Labor." Anesthesia & Analgesia 124, no. 2 (2017): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000001655.

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19

Swastika, Jayaswal, and Abhishek Ankit. "Analysing Maternal Thyroid Function and its Relationship to the Duration of the First Stage of Labour." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 5 (2023): 2184–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12608826.

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<strong>Objective:&nbsp;</strong>The typical course of labor is significantly influenced by the mother&rsquo;s thyroid function. It is yet uncertain if a mother&rsquo;s thyroid function impacts how long the initial stage of labor lasts. This study&rsquo;s objectives were to measure FT4, TSH, and TPOAb throughout pregnancy and to assess any potential effects they could have on the early stages of labor.&nbsp;<strong>Method:&nbsp;</strong>Within a year, 150 pregnant women visiting Nalanda Medical College, Patna were found to have thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroid-stimulating hormone (
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20

Capogna, Giorgio, Raffaella Parpaglioni, Gordon Lyons, Malachy Columb, and Danilo Celleno. "Minimum Analgesic Dose of Epidural Sufentanil for First-stage Labor Analgesia." Anesthesiology 94, no. 5 (2001): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200105000-00009.

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Background The aim of this prospective, double-blind, sequential allocation study was to compare the effects of spontaneous and prostaglandin-induced labor on the minimum analgesic dose of epidural sufentanil in the first stage of labor. Methods Seventy healthy, nulliparous women, at more than 37 weeks' gestation with cervical dilatation from 2 to 4 cm, requesting epidural pain relief in labor were enrolled. The subjects were assigned to two different groups according to whether labor was spontaneous or induced with dinoprostone 0.5 mg. Parturients received 10 ml of the study solution through
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Surtiningsih, Surtiningsih, Linda Yanti, Arlyana Hikmanti, Fauziah Hanum Nur Adriani, and Feti Kumala Dewi. "EFEKTIFITAS PELVIC ROCKING EXERCISES DENGAN BIRTHING BALL TERHADAP LAMA WAKTU PERSALINAN PADA IBU PRIMIPARA." Midwifery Care Journal 3, no. 3 (2022): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/micajo.v3i3.8880.

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Prolonged labor causes complications for both mother and baby. Pelvic Rocking Exercised (PRE) helps shorten the length of the first and second stages and minimizes prolonged labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of PRE with or without Birthing Ball (BB) on the duration of the first and second stage of labor. The research method used is quasi-experimental, on 57 respondents, posttest only control design and One way Anova statistical test. The results showed that the characteristics of the respondents obtained an average age of 23-24 years, gestational age 39 weeks,
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Anuff, Heena, Zeinah Rahman, Rajani Dube, and Shatha Taher Salman Al-Zuheiri. "Comparison of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Case of Primary Cesarean Section Done During Late vs. Early Labor." Applied Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs 7, no. 3 (2020): 244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213476x07666200708110738.

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Background: Cesarean section (CS) done before the onset of labor is called an elective and done during labor is called an emergency CS. During labor, CS may be needed in early(1st) or late(2nd) stages. Earlier studies have shown more maternal and fetal complications when a cesarean is done for the first time in the late stages. Objective: Our objective was to find out whether the maternal and fetal outcomes differ when primary CS is done in the first stage of labor compared to the second stage of labor for various indications and how. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study on wo
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Zhao, Xuefei, Jianjun He, and Jue Liu. "Effects of Positive Psychological Nursing Combined with Free Posture on the Prognosis of Primipara with Singleton Spontaneous Delivery." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (August 28, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6393050.

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Objective. To explore the effects of positive psychological nursing combined with free posture on the prognosis of primipara with singleton spontaneous delivery. Methods. 106 cases of primipara with singleton spontaneous delivery who were admitted to the obstetrics department of our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects and they were divided into the observation group and control group according to the random number table method and maternal willingness, with 53 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing, and the observation gro
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Az-zahrah, Mulia, Ferina Ferina, and Djudju Sriwenda. "The Effect of Birthball Exercise to Reduce Pain During the First Stage of Labor." PROMOTOR 8, no. 2 (2025): 155–62. https://doi.org/10.32832/pro.v8i2.1063.

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Background: Labor is a significant moment that often causes anxiety and pain in women. This pain results from cervical dilation, uterine contractions, and nerve compression. It typically occurs during the first stage of labor with varying intensity: discomfort at 0-3 cm dilation, sharp pain at 4-7 cm, and severe pain at 7-10 cm. Research by Maslikhanah (2020) indicates that 60% of primiparas and 45% of multiparas report severe pain. Labor pain can prolong the process if not managed properly. To address this, pain management techniques such as birthball exercise are recommended during the first
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Emam, Afaf Mohamed Mohamed, and Ahlam Eidah Al-Zahrani. "Upright versus recumbent position during first stage of labor among primipara women on labor outcomes." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 8, no. 7 (2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v8n7p113.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of upright versus recumbent position during the active phase of first stage of labor among primipara women on labor outcomes in term of progress, duration of labor, method of delivery, neonatal outcome and maternal satisfaction with assumed position.Methods: Quasi experimental design was used. The study was conducted in the labor unit in obstetric department at Benha University Hospital. A purposive sample of 100 parturient women in 1st stage of labor were recruited in the study, they divided into two groups; upright group (50) and recu
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Sumastri, Heni, Dwiana AS Rahmaninda, Elita Vasra, and Hendawati Hendawati. "Pengaruh Upright Position terhadap Lama Persalinan Kala 1 Fase Aktif." JPP (Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang) 18, no. 2 (2023): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36086/jpp.v18i2.1797.

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Background: Prolonged labor in the active phase of first stage increase discomfort on birthing mother, including experience more pain, anxiety, and fatigue. The discomfort during labor can be decreased by doing a birthing position. This study aims to determine the effect of upright position on the length of labor in the active phase of first stage. &#x0D; Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental posttest only design with control group. A total of thirty birthing mothers in the active phase of first stage became the subject of the study. Subjects were grouped into two: the upright position
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Karningsih, Karningsih, Dwi Purwanti, Fauziah Yulfitria, Gita Nirmala Sari, and Een Nuraenah. "The Effect of Pelvic Rocking Exercise with a Birth Ball and SP6 Acupressure on Duration of the First and Second Stage of Labor." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 12, no. 3 (2022): 380–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v12i3.45589.

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Background: Long duration of labor increases the pain that a mother experiences. Several non-pharmacological methods, such as pelvic rocking exercises and SP6 acupressure, have been discovered to reduce pain and accelerate labor duration. It needs to be clarified which of the two methods is more effective.Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pelvic rocking exercise with a birth ball and SP6 acupressure in shortening the duration of the active phase in the first and the second stage of labor.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design involving 64 mothers in the fir
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Desyanti, Harwin Holilah, Herdhika Ayu Retno Kusumasari, Dian Mayasari, Nur Aisyah Laily, Anggie Diniayuningrum, and Novayanti Simbolon. "Accelerating Labor : The Impact Of Moxibustion On First Stage Duration." JKM (Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati) 10, no. 12 (2024): 1177–81. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v10i12.18325.

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Latar Belakang: Kesehatan ibu merupakan prioritas global, dengan tujuan Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (SDGs) untuk mengurangi angka kematian maternal hingga 70%. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini memerlukan peningkatan akses pelayanan kesehatan maternal yang aman dan efektif, khususnya dalam mendukung proses persalinan. Moxibustion merupakan terapi tradisional Tiongkok yang menggunakan moxa yang dipanaskan pada titik-titik akupunktur untuk menginisiasi kontraksi rahim dan dapat mengurangi durasi persalinan. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas terapi moxibustion terhadap ko
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Deby Utami Siska Ariani. "Cold Compresses in Overcoming First Stage Labor Pain at PMB Andina." Journal of Educational Innovation and Public Health 2, no. 3 (2024): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/innovation.v2i3.3104.

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On average, 85-90% of pregnant women in Indonesia experience severe labor pain and 7-15% of those who do not experience labor pain. Labor pain results in increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system which causes an increase in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration, nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. Data shows that 15% of mothers in Indonesia experience birth complications and 21% are caused by experiencing very severe pain. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of cold compresses on first stage labor pain. The research design used a quasi-experimental one group pre-postt
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Fitria, Aida, Elvi Suriyani, Meli Savitri, and Allania Hanung Putri Sekar Ningrum. "Reducing the Intensity of First Stage Labor Pain through Therapeutic Communication." International Journal of Nursing Information 2, no. 1 (2023): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.58418/ijni.v2i1.66.

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The direct causes of maternal death during childbirth are bleeding, infection, and eclampsia. Within bleeding and infection as causes of death, deaths due to infected abortion and prolonged labor are also included. Meanwhile, one of the causes of prolonged labor is tension and fear, which aggravates labor pain and ultimately slows down the birth of the baby. One method of non-pharmacological pain control is through nursing communication, namely therapeutic communication. This research aims to determine the effect of implementing therapeutic communication in efforts to reduce the intensity of l
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Rao, Shubha, Shylabhirami Sridharan, Akhila Vasudeva, and Roopa P. S. "Will women’s choice of position in first stage of labor affect labor process?" International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 4 (2020): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20201215.

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Background: Controlling the process of childbirth has disabled the parturient to embrace the most spontaneous position of delivery but constricting her to assume a recumbent position. Objective of this study was to study if alternating comfortable maternal positioning i.e., recumbent and alternative position have any influence in the process of labor, type of delivery, neonatal well-being.Methods: Study conducted an observation study on term pregnant women. Study inclusion criteria included all term pregnant women. Exclusion criteria included multiple pregnancies, preterm patient, severe pre-e
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Hamidzadeh, Azam, Farangis Shahpourian, Roohangiz Jamshidi Orak, Akram Sadat Montazeri, and Ahmad Khosravi. "Effects of LI4 Acupressure on Labor Pain in the First Stage of Labor." Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 57, no. 2 (2012): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00138.x.

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Moriyama, Yoshinori, Tomomi Kotani, Hiroyuki Tsuda, Kazuhiro Ezaka, Chie Tanaka, and Fumitaka Kikkawa. "Recurrent Acute Appendicitis During the First Stage of Labor." Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics 5, no. 2 (2016): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jcgo397w.

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Dmitrienko, Dmitrienko K. V., Yavorskaya S. D. Yavorskaya, Ananyina L. P. Ananyina, Arinicheva A. V. Arinicheva A, Stroganova E. V. Stroganova, and Bobrov I. P. Bobrov. "Ovarian torsion in the first stage of term labor." Akusherstvo i ginekologiia 3_2025 (March 31, 2025): 213–18. https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.300.

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Lata, Mehta, Wagh Kuldeep, and Dashora Sanchita. "A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial Comparing Efficacy of Epidosin and Drotaverine for Faster Cervical Dilation in Active Labour." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 12, no. 3 (2020): 54–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14237227.

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Prolonged labour is one of the important causes of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Both Drotaverine hydrochloride and Epidosin exert their main effect on the cervix, facilitating its dilatation and thus, can be used for augmentation of labour. The present study is conducted to compare the efficacy of Epidosin and Drotaverine for faster cervical dilation in active labour. This was a prospective study conducted in a tertiary center over 1 year. All the 90 patients who reported to the department during the study period &amp; were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in t
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Afroz, Dr Fahima, Dr Mah Zabin Naz, Dr Khaleda Akhter, Dr Tanjina Ahmed, and Dr Ayesha Siddika. "The Impact of Prenatal Birthing Ball Exercises on First Stage Labor Progression." Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 12, no. 12 (2024): 1840–46. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2024.v12i12.023.

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Background: Labor is a significant physiological event in a woman’s life, and its progression can vary greatly across individuals. Factors such as maternal health, fetal positioning, and interventions can influence the pace of labor. Among the strategies to support labor progression, prenatal birthing ball exercises have been increasingly used, with claims of enhancing pelvic flexibility, promoting better fetal positioning, and facilitating cervical dilation, potentially leading to smoother labor and delivery. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of prenatal birthing ball exercise
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Shanahan, Matthew A., Candice Woolfolk, Nandini Raghuraman, Molly J. Stout, George A. Macones, and Alison G. Cahill. "786: Prior prolonged first stage of labor is associated with prolonged first stage in subsequent pregnancies." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 220, no. 1 (2019): S514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.11.809.

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38

Debiec, Jozef, Jessamyn Conell-Price, Jennifer Evansmith, Steven L. Shafer, and Pamela Flood. "Mathematical Modeling of the Pain and Progress of the First Stage of Nulliparous Labor." Anesthesiology 111, no. 5 (2009): 1093–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181ba3f28.

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Background Patient characteristics may contribute to the progress and pain of labor. Quantitative evaluation of the effects of patient characteristics requires robust mathematical models of labor progress and labor pain. Methods The authors retrospectively studied 100 sequential deliveries from each of five self-reported ethnic groups (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Other, and White). Demographic variables, cervical dilation, and numerical rating scores for pain before analgesia and cervical dilation were abstracted from the automated medical record. Labor progress was modeled with a biexponential fu
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Schultz, Meleesa Joy, and Triveni Nanda. "Spontaneous Rupture of the Anterior Vaginal Wall during the First Stage of Labour." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012 (2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/786753.

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The risk of uterine rupture during attempted trial of labor after caesarean delivery (TOLAC) is well documented. However, vaginal rupture (in the absence of obstructed labour) is exceptionally uncommon. Below is described the rare case of a 37-year-old multiparous woman attempting TOLAC, who suffered a vaginal—rather than uterine—rupture, during the first stage of spontaneous labour. This case is an important reminder to obstetricians that concealed ruptures of both the vagina and uterus do occur and must be considered in clinical situations where another explanation is not apparent.
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Wati, Sri Ila. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BIRTH BALL TERHADAP KEMAJUAN PERSALINAN KALA I DI KLINIK JULIANA DALIMUNTHE PADA TAHUN 2023." Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia (Indonesian Health Scientific Journal) 8, no. 2 (2024): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.51933/health.v8i2.1264.

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Labor is the event of the birth of the baby, placenta and amniotic membranes womb&#x0D; to the outside world. Normal childbirth occurs at the age of months without any presence complication. Childbirth begins when the uterus contracts and causes changes in cervix&#x0D; (opens and thins) and ends with the complete delivery of the placenta (Affandi, 2017).&#x0D; According to the World Health Organization (WHO) more than 85% of the process deliveries are carried out normally and 15-20% die from disease andcomplications related to pregnancy and childbirth of 295,000 maternal deaths, that is the la
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Oktriani, Tuti, Ermawati Ermawati, and Hafni Bachtiar. "The Difference Of Pain Labour Level With Counter Pressure And Abdominal Lifting On Primigravida In Active Phase of First Stage Labor." Journal of Midwifery 3, no. 2 (2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jom.3.2.45-52.2018.

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Nowadays many methods are offered to reduce pain in labor, both pharmacological (using drugs) and non pharmacological methods. If possible the choice of non-pharmacologic therapy for the management of pain in pregnancy and labor should be considered before using analgesic drugs. One of an effective non-pharmacological method to reduce pain is with massage. The basis of this theory is the gate control theory proposed by Melzak and Wall (Lliadou, 2009).This study aimed to analyze diference of pain relief on active phase of labour with Counter Pressure and abdominal Lifting. This was an experimen
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Asry, Sari Angan, Sa'adah Mujahidah, Dyah Ayu Wulandari, and Dewi Mayangsari. "Effectiveness of rebozo and birth ball techniques on labour pain at First stage." Journal of Nursing 1, no. 1 (2024): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.63425/journalofnursing.v1i1.20.

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Introduction: Labor pain is a natural phenomenon experienced by every mother during birth. Improperly controlled pain will affect the labor process. Rebozo and birth ball procedures are non-pharmacological approaches employed to alleviate labor pain. Objectives: The study’s aimed to ascertain the differential efficacy of rebozo and birth ball treatments on labor pain during the first stage. Methods: This research constitutes a quasi-experiment using a two-group pretest and posttest design. The population comprised 106 everyday birth moms in Purwoharjo Health Centre, Pemalang Regency, from Dece
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Handayani, Lulut. "Relaxation and Cold Compress Effectiveness toward Labor Pain Intensity During of the First Stage." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 4 (2020): 5651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201660.

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Shrivastava, Anjani, Kedar Ajay Trivedi, and Ronak V. Makwana. "The Occiput-Spine Angle and Fetal Head Deflexion During the First Stage of Labor." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 1 (2019): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.7119.13.

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45

Simbolon, Ganda Agustina Hartati, Ns Tiur Romatua Sitohang, and Elny Lorensi Silalahi. "Comparative Study: Yoga and Pregnancy Exercise on First Stage Pain and Length of Labor in Tapanuli Regency." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 9, no. 10 (2023): 7950–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.5308.

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Labor pain is pain that comes from uterine contractions trying to expel the baby. The mother's perception of pain during labor can influence the length of the labor process. Pregnant women should be supported to carry out physical exercise to obtain benefits during pregnancy and childbirth. There are several physical exercises during pregnancy, which pregnant women often participate in, such as pregnancy exercises and pregnancy yoga. The aim of this research is to develop yoga exercises and pregnancy exercises to overcome pain in the first stage and duration of labor, as well as to conduct a t
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Peng, Li, Zengyu Chen, Shiyu Weng, et al. "Labor patterns of spontaneous first-stage labor in Chinese women with normal neonatal outcomes." PLOS ONE 19, no. 7 (2024): e0305243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305243.

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Background Friedman’s standards, developed almost 50 years ago, may no longer align with the needs of today’s obstetric population and current pregnancy management practices. This study aims to analyze contemporary labor patterns and estimate labor duration in China, focusing on first-stage labor data from Chinese parturients with a spontaneous onset of labor. Methods This retrospective observational study utilized data from electronic medical records of a tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan. Out of a total of 2,689 parturients, exclusions were made for multiple gestations, preterm, post-term
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Susilawati. "Perbandingan Pengaruh Senam Yoga Dan Senam Hamil Terhadap Lama Kala I Persalinan Di Puskesmas Cimanggu Kabupaten Pandeglang Banten Tahun 2022." Indonesian Scholar Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Science (ISJNMS) 2, no. 08 (2023): 791–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.54402/isjnms.v2i08.344.

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Introduction: Long labor as one of the causes of maternal death also tends to be quite high. Cimanggu Health Center 2021 found 1 case of maternal death caused by bleeding the cause, namely due to prolonged labor. Various efforts have been made to reduce the number of long labors, one of which is by doing yoga and pregnancy exercises. The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of yoga and pregnancy exercises on the length of the first stage of labor at the Cimanggu Public Health Center, Pandeglang Regency, Banten in 2022. Methods: The research method was a quasi-experimental design with
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Singh, Kirti, and Sonia Agnes Singh. "EFFECT OF LAVENDER OIL MASSAGE ON PAIN PERCEPTION DURING FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR AMONG PRIMI PARTURIENTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 5 (2021): 1294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12970.

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STATEMENTA study to assess the effect of lavender oil massage on pain perception during first stage of labour among primi parturients admitted in selected hospital, Lucknow. Introduction: Pain in labor is a nearly universal experience for child bearing women. Labor pain is a challenging issue for nurses designing intervention protocols. Pain during labor is caused primarily by uterine muscle contractions and somewhat by pressure on the cervix. This pain manifests itself as cramping in the abdomen, groin, and back. Other causes of pain during labor include pressure on the bladder and bowels by
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Munafiah, Durrotun, Nur Laila, Tri Ismu Pujiyanto, Sa'adah Mujahidah, and Mariza Mustika Dewi. "MANFAAT HYPNOBIRTHING DAN DIFUSE AROMATHERAPY LAVENDER TERHADAP LAMA PERSALINAN KALA I DAN II." Midwifery Care Journal 3, no. 3 (2022): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/micajo.v3i3.8681.

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The prolonged first and second stage of labor will cause various maternal and fetal complications. Methods for mothers to feel relaxed is the hypnobirthing relaxation method and using Lavender Aromatherapy. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the combination of hypnobirthing and diffuse lavender aromatherapy on the duration of labor in the I and II stages. This type of research is quantitative, quasi-experimental design with posttest only control group design. The population of this study was all mothers giving birth in the Tengaran Health Center Work Area in August 2021 with a
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Erlin Nuraeni, Rukmaini, and Shinta Novelia. "Pelvic Rocking Exercise on The Length of The First Stage of Labor." Health and Technology Journal (HTechJ) 2, no. 3 (2024): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53713/htechj.v2i3.173.

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In general, there are still many women in labor who experience a prolonged first stage. Prolonged labor is one of the causes of increased mortality and morbidity in the mother and fetus. There are various methods that can be used to speed up the progress of labor, one of which is using non-pharmacological methods, namely exercise pelvic rocking exercise. The aim of this research is to find out the differences pelvic rocking exercise on the length of the first stage of labor between the experimental group and the control group. Research methods quasi-experiment design. This uses a research desi
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