Academic literature on the topic 'Labor laws and legislation – United States'

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Journal articles on the topic "Labor laws and legislation – United States"

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Schneider, Nina. "Origins of child rights governance: The example of early child labour legislation in the United States and Brazil." Childhood 26, no. 3 (2019): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0907568219850241.

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Adopting a historical and comparative perspective and moving beyond the North–South divide in the historical literature on child rights governance, this article contrasts the first enduring national anti-child labour laws in the United States and Brazil – the US Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 and the Brazilian Minor’s Code ( Código de Menores) of 1927. It identifies key political structures that conditioned these laws, and examines how these influenced the timing, scope, clustering, and impact of early child rights legislation.
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Auerhahn, Kathleen. "The Split Labor Market and the Origins of Antidrug Legislation in the United States." Law & Social Inquiry 24, no. 02 (1999): 411–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1999.tb00135.x.

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Edna Bonacich's (1972) theoretical formulation of Split labor market dynamics as underlying the content and process of ethnic antagonism is expanded and applied to an historical analysis of the development of antidrug laws in the United States. The campaigns and resultant legislation against opium, cocaine, alcohol, and marijuana are subjected to a split labor market analysis that incorporates the notion of moral panics and an understanding of the ways in which law may be used as a “weapon” in the furtherance of class interests. The article concludes that each of these campaigns came about as
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Хабибуллина, Анна, and Anna Khabibullina. "CONCEPT AND PECULIARITIES OF THE US OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY LEGISLATION." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 1, no. 4 (2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14317.

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This article reviews topical issues of the US occupational safety legislation. The author highlights the following development stages for the legislative rules on occupation safety in the USA: 1) creation of the US occupational safety legislation in XIX century; 2) the US occupational safety legislation in XX century; 3) the US legislative rules on occupational safety adopted in XXI century. Special attention is paid to international standards on occupational safety and health, constitutional frameworks, federal and regional legislation on occupational safety. The US Occupational Safety and He
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Kogan, Vladimir. "Do Anti-Union Policies Increase Inequality? Evidence from State Adoption of Right-to-Work Laws." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 17, no. 2 (2016): 180–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532440016677217.

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The distribution of income lies at the intersection of states and markets, both influencing and responding to government policy. Reflecting this reality, increasing research focuses on the political origins of inequality in the United States. However, the literature largely assumes—rather than tests—the political mechanisms thought to affect the income gap. This study provides a timely reassessment of one such mechanism. Leveraging variation in labor laws between states and differences in the timing of adoption of right-to-work (RTW) legislation, I examine one political mechanism blamed by man
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Goulart, Pedro, and Arjun S. Bedi. "The Evolution of Child Labor in Portugal, 1850–2001." Social Science History 41, no. 2 (2017): 227–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2017.3.

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Historical accounts of the evolution of child labor are limited to the United States and to the core European economies. The experience of countries outside the prosperous European core has rarely been investigated. This paper draws on data from censii, labor force, and household surveys and qualitative information such as the testimonies of various stakeholders and news articles to provide an analysis of the evolution of child labor in Portugal. The Portuguese experience is set against the backdrop of the country's economic structure and economic growth, demographic changes, educational expan
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Compa, Lance. "Workers' Freedom of Association in the United States under International Human Rights Standards." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 17, Issue 3 (2001): 289–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/360554.

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International Labour Rights can be found among the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other United Nations instruments which set the standards for Human Rights at work and in general. It is stated that all people are entitled to freedom of association and the right to form and join trade unions. The United States fails to meet many of the standards pertaining to the International Trade Organizations Fundamental Principles. In many case studies where it is proven that companies are neglecting to follow the laws about organization there is little done to correct the situation. There remai
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Guthrie, Robert, and Rebecca Taseff. "The Rights of Illegal Workers Injured at Work: a Study of the Judicial Dilemma in the United States." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 23, Issue 1 (2007): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2007004.

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The engagement of ‘non-citizens’, ‘aliens’, and ‘undocumented workers’ for work raises a number of delicate employment law and policy issues. This paper considers the attitude of the courts in the United States (US) to the question of the rights of workers who work contrary to immigration laws (illegal workers)1 and will focus on the recent case law in relation to workers’ compensation entitlements. In the US the case law on the rights of illegal workers to workers’ compensation is unclear and heavily dependent upon local State legislation and judicial attitudes. It has also been heavily influ
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Stumpf, Steven H., Mary L. Hardy, D. E. Kendall, and Clifford R. Carr. "Unveiling the United States Acupuncture Workforce." Complementary health practice review 15, no. 1 (2010): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210110377884.

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Acupuncture was first legalized in Maryland in 1973. By the end of 2009, regulatory legislation had passed in all but six states. The growth of acupuncture is most commonly measured by its well-documented demand as a treatment modality and the rapid increase in the number of licensees. Much less documented is a puzzling stagnation in work opportunities and income. As many as half of all licensees, on graduation and licensure, may be unable to support themselves by working in their chosen profession. However, unlike other well-established complementary and alternative health professions, such a
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Kim, Nam-Wook, and Bong-Ki Shin. "A Study on the Contents of the Current Union Accounting System and the Prevention of Accounting Fraud." Korea Anti-Corruption Law Association 6, no. 2 (2023): 3–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36433/kacla.2023.6.2.3.

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Public institutions or social organizations that have received financial support from the government must submit accounting-related data for the financial support they have received in accordance with relevant laws or have them accounted for by separate accounting in accordance with relevant laws and have them undergo periodic internal or external audits. there is.
 However, in Korea’s Trade Union Act, not only is the qualification of a union auditor and the scope of audit data that union members can request unclear, but also the scope of data reporting to administrative authorities is li
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Sychenko, E., M. Laruccia, D. Cusciano, et al. "Gender Discrimination in Employment: BRICS Countries Overview." BRICS Law Journal 9, no. 2 (2022): 30–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2022-9-2-30-71.

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This article investigates the phenomenon of gender equality in employment in the BRICS countries where it is one of the factors hampering the economic development and basic human rights. The authors examine the international obligations of these states under the human rights treaties of the United Nations Organization (UNO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO), compare the national anti-discriminatory norms with the international standards (ILO Conventions and the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women) and evaluate the observations of the relevan
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Labor laws and legislation – United States"

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Gotkin, Joshua Abraham. "The legislated adjustment of labor disputes: An empirical analysis, 1880-1894." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187207.

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The Federal government's involvement in railroad labor disputes was one of the earliest examples of government intervention in the economy. Initially, when the economy was crippled by railroad strikes in the late nineteenth century, the government stepped in and crushed them with troops and injunctions. The Federal government's other approach was legislative, beginning with the passage of the Arbitration Act of 1888. As the first piece of Federal arbitration legislation, it had a significant impact on the development of subsequent labor legislation, such as the Railway Labor Act of 1926 and th
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Livingston, Louis B. "Theodore Roosevelt on Labor Unions: A New Perspective." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3077.

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Historical studies of Theodore Roosevelt's views about labor and labor unions are in conflict. This was also true of contemporary disagreements about the meaning of his labor rhetoric and actions. The uncertainties revolve around whether or not he was sincere in his support of working people and labor unions, whether his words and actions were political only or were based on a philosophical foundation, and why he did not propose comprehensive labor policies. Roosevelt historiography has addressed these questions without considering his stated admiration for Octave Thanet's writings about "labo
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Lowery, Christina. "Protection or Equality? : A Feminist Analysis of Protective Labor Legislation in UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279082/.

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This study provides a feminist analysis of protective labor legislation in the Supreme Court case of UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc. History of protection rhetoric and precedented cases leading up to UAW are provided. Using a feminist analysis, this study argues that the victory for women's labor rights in UAW is short lived, and the cycle of protection rhetoric continues with new pro-business agendas replacing traditional justifications for "protecting" women in the work place. The implications of this and other findings are discussed.
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Asdorian, Martin. "Analysis of Reporting Compliance of Labor Relations Consultants Under Section 203 (b) of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, 1959." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331099/.

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This study examines the reporting compliance, as defined by section 203(b) of the Labor -Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA), 1959, of labor relations consultants who engage in persuader activity. Organized labor suggests that the loss in union strength results, in large part, from management's use of labor relations consultants and their failure to file required reports with the U.S. Department of Labor. Two samples of labor relations consultants known to have engaged in persuader activity and two samples of those who could be engaged in persuader activity are identified. A rese
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Loy, Beth A. "The economic impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act an analysis of Title I /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1807.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 193 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-172).
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Welch, M. Courtney. "Evolution, Not Revolution: The Effect of New Deal Legislation on Industrial Growth and Union Development in Dallas, Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30524/.

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The New Deal legislation of the 1930s would threaten Dallas' peaceful industrial appearance. In fact, New Deal programs and legislation did have an effect on the city, albeit an unbalanced mixture of positive and negative outcomes characterized by frustrated workers and industrial intimidation. To summarize, the New Deal did not bring a revolution, but it did continue an evolutionary change for reform. This dissertation investigated several issues pertaining to the development of the textile industry, cement industry, and the Ford automobile factory in Dallas and its labor history before, duri
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Sandvick, Clinton Matthew. "Enforcing Medical Regulation in the United States 1875 to 1915." Thesis, Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7783.

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Takenaka, Toshiko. "Comparative study of patent claim interpretation in the United States, Federal Republic of Germany, and Japan /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9623.

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Wiltgen, Tyler James. "An economic history of the United States sugar program." Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/wiltgen/WiltgenT1207.pdf.

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Handa, Rish. "The extraterritorial dimension of patent law systems /." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112602.

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This thesis analyses the extraterritorial dimension of patent systems in light of recent judicial trends, ending with the United States Supreme Court's landmark 2007 ruling in AT&T v. Microsoft. The discussion examines (i) the economic interest of nations in issuing and maintaining patent rights; (ii) the legal arguments against a unilateral extraterritorial extension of domestic patents, leading to the legal presumption against extraterritorial extension; (iii) the evolution of this doctrine in United States legislation and jurisprudence and forays against it, especially in recent decades; an
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Books on the topic "Labor laws and legislation – United States"

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James, Castagnera, ed. Employment & labor law. 7th ed. South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011.

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Goldman, Alvin L. Labor and employment law in the United States. Kluwer Law International, 1996.

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Ray, Douglas E. Understanding labor law. LexisNexis, 2014.

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Oakstone Legal & Business Publishing, Inc., ed. United States Supreme Court employment cases. 5th ed. Oakstone, 1999.

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Jesup, Stimson Frederic. Handbook to the labor law of the United States. C. Scribner's Sons, 1990.

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Feldacker, Bruce S. Labor guide to labor law. 4th ed. Prentice Hall, 2000.

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Aaron, Benjamin. New trends in labour law in the United States. International Institute for Labour Studies, 1987.

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Boling, Andrew J. Labour and employment compliance in the United States. Kluwer Law International, 2014.

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Boling, Andrew J. Labour and employment compliance in the United States. Kluwer Law International, 2015.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. The United States and the International Labor Organization: Hearing before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, on examination of the relationship between the United States and the International Labor Organization, September 11, 1985. U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Labor laws and legislation – United States"

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Campbell, Faith T., Hilda Diaz-Soltero, and Deborah C. Hayes. "Legislation and Policy." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_15.

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AbstractIn the United States, biological invaders are managed by all Federal agencies that have responsibility for natural resources, as well as the States, territories, and occasionally regional entities. Federal agencies’ invasive species programs are implemented under the mandates and guidance provided by dozens of laws, which include statutes enacted by the Congress, Executive Orders issued by the President, and regulations adopted by the relevant agencies. Although there are numerous laws implemented by the States or occasionally regional entities, this chapter will focus on Federal legislation and regulations that guide work on all public and private forests, rangelands, and grasslands in the United States. There are three categories of laws: (1) laws to prevent introduction or initial spread; (2) laws for management or control of invasive species; and (3) more generally defined land management laws which serve as an umbrella for invasive species activities.
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Luquan, Wang. "Current Situation and Future of Legislation on Precaution of Alien Species Invasion in China." In Biodiversity Laws, Policies and Science in Europe, the United States and China. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56218-1_16.

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Voetelink, Joop. "Limits on the Extraterritoriality of United States Export Control and Sanctions Legislation." In NL ARMS. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-471-6_11.

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AbstractThe sovereignty of states is reflected in the notion of jurisdiction, empowering them to enact and enforce laws and regulations, and to adjudicate disputes in court. The jurisdiction of states and the exercise thereof is primarily territorial, limiting the exercise of state authority to their respective national territories except in specific situations. However, in an increasingly globalized and interconnected world, it would be hard to maintain that a state should be denied the right to exercise its sovereign powers beyond national borders when there are reasonable grounds for doing so. Consequently, the exercise of extraterritorial legislative jurisdiction has become more accepted, although it is limited to particular situations and circumstances. These have to do with the exercise of jurisdiction over nationals, vessels and aircraft registered in or pertaining to the legislating state, as well as certain activities aimed at undermining the state’s security or solvency or which constitute crimes under international law. However, in principle it is not allowed to regulate activities of foreign nationals or entities operating wholly outside the legislating state’s territory. One area where this has become increasingly prevalent is through the exercise of export controls over foreign nationals and legal persons. The United States (US) has long been engaged in the exercise of this type of extraterritorial jurisdiction and is, without doubt, the state that is most proactive in doing so. This chapter considers US extraterritorial claims with respect to its export control and sanctions legislation and explores the limits of this practice under public international law.
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Hornuf, Lars, Sonja Mangold, and Yayun Yang. "Data Protection Law in Germany, the United States, and China." In Data Privacy and Crowdsourcing. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32064-4_3.

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AbstractThis chapter examines data protection laws in Germany, the United States, and China. We describe the most important legal sources and principles of data protection and emphasize the rights of data subjects, with particular attention to personal and sensitive data. The legal frameworks for data protection on crowdsourcing platforms in the three countries show significant differences, but also some similarities. In the United States no federal omnibus regulation on the protection of personal data exists so far. The state of California recently enacted a consumer protection law similar to the GDPR. China started developing its privacy legislation after Germany and the United States, in some parts again similar to the GDPR. A characteristic of the Chinese approach is the different protection regime of personal rights with respect to private actors and to the state government. While privacy rights have expanded in the private sector, threats to privacy posed by state actors have received little attention in Chinese jurisprudence.
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Kessler-Harris, Alice. "Protective Labor Legislation." In Out To Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195157093.003.0007.

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Abstract In various incarnations the search for protection extends over an astonishingly long period of time—longer than the battle for woman suffrage itself. Its origins encompass laws that applied to all workers, male and female, as well as to women and children and to children alone. Legislation based on women’s special position derived directly from the search for general protection and was alternately rejected, then supported, then rejected again by the organized women’s movement as well as by wage-earning women. Positions fluctuated with the changing meaning of “protection” as well as with changing labor force circumstances. Because the idea of “protection” appeared in different guises at different times, it drew support from new coalitions of supporters on each occasion. It pitted working women against working men, and employers against legislators. Just as often, it aligned unionists with manufacturers and set women in unions against those outside them.
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Carter, Shani D. "Demographic Changes and Equal Employment Opportunity Legislation." In Handbook of Research on Workforce Diversity in a Global Society. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1812-1.ch017.

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This chapter reviews the relationship between a selection of United States federal laws and Human Resource Development (HRD). The chapter specifically reviews United States federal Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) laws related to race, gender, age, and national origin, discusses how the passage of these laws led to an increased diversity of the labor force, and demonstrates how utilizing this legislation can improve the research and practice of HRD. A comprehensive group of employment laws were passed between 1960 and 2000, and data from the U.S. Departments of Labor and Census indicate that these laws have served to substantially increase the percentage of minorities and women in the labor force. This increasing diversity requires practitioners to rethink the methods they use to deliver training and development programs to employees. In addition, researchers should examine how the increase in diversity impacts all areas of HRD, such as training, mentoring, and work-life balance.
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Anderson, Elisabeth. "Appeasing Labor, Protecting Capital." In Agents of Reform. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691220895.003.0009.

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This chapter talks about the Massachusetts labor reformers who had cause to celebrate in summer 1874. After decades of disappointing defeats, the state legislature had finally yielded to the labor movement's demand for a normal working day for women. The chapter points out how the law restricted the daily working hours of women and minors to ten, noting of exceptions that were allowed in the event of mechanical disruption, but the workweek could never exceed sixty hours. The chapter considers Massachusetts on par with the United Kingdom, where the ten-hour day for women and children had been on the books since 1847. The law's supporters knew from studying the history of labor legislation in England as well as their own state that labor laws were often ignored in the absence of strong enforcement mechanisms.
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Kedar, Alexandre, Ahmad Amara, and Oren Yiftachel. "International Law, Indigenous Land Rights, and Israel." In Emptied Lands. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503603585.003.0009.

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This chapter explores the development of international law on indigeneity. It reviews the legal protections endowed by key documents, such as International Labor Organizations Convention No. 169 and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). The chapter also provides a short comparative legal perspective on land rights of indigenous peoples which helps to situate the Israeli case within other settler colonial situations and to address the status of the relevant international legislation and norms. It concludes that several components of the UNDRIP have gained a status of international customary law, and hence with growing relevance to Israeli jurisprudence and to the Bedouins. The chapter ends by addressing the question of indigenous peoples’ rights in Israeli law and how Israeli basic laws should expand to incorporate the legal protection of the Bedouins.
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Sergio, Gamonal C., and César F. Rosado Marzán. "Primacy of Reality." In Principled Labor Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190052669.003.0003.

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Chapter 3 describes the principle of primacy of reality in Latin America, namely, in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. The principle is also contained in the International Labor Organization’s Recommendation 198. The principle posits that facts must be given preference over what parties, particularly employers, state in legal texts, documents, and agreements. It is particularly important when determining threshold questions in labor law, such as employee and employer status. While employers might deny an employment relationship given a formal agreement to hire workers as independent contractors, the facts might show otherwise. However, the chapter also argues that primacy of reality depends on the principle of protection and in dubio pro operario to resolve questions when the facts are not dispositive given vague or missing rules. The chapter then searches primacy of reality in the United States and finds it in various employment tests, such as the common law control test. It is also finds it in employer tests of joint employer status. However, many of those tests remain vague, requiring supplementation with the U.S. versions of in dubio pro operario, i.e., liberal construction of the statutes that derogate the common law, and with legislative purpose. Primacy of reality makes it even more important for legal operators to be cognizant of labor law principles and, principally, the protective principle.
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Jerrard, Marjorie A., and Patrick O’Leary. "Union-Avoidance Strategies in the Meat Industry in Australia and the United States." In Frontiers of Labor. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041839.003.0007.

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The meat industries in the United States and in Australia share a number of common features, including similar economic and industrial development, overlapping ownership patterns, the nature of the work, a trend toward relying on a migrant workforce, and similar management union-avoidance strategies. There are industry differences between the two countries due primarily to the unique labor-relations regulatory system in each country. Australian legislation since the mid-1990s has enabled industry employers to follow more closely the pattern of union avoidance established in the United States, but protections are still found in Australian industry awards and the industrial tribunal. Both countries have witnessed a deunionization of the industry at the cost of declines in workers’ wages and conditions, and worker exploitation is increasingly common due to the neoliberal ideology that influences government policy and legislation and encourages employers to individualize the employment relationship.
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Conference papers on the topic "Labor laws and legislation – United States"

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Lee, Stephanie Kyuyoung. "Hard Labor, Soft Space: The Making of Radical Ruralism." In 112th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.112.101.

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“Hard Labor, Soft Space” is a research-based design investigation on the current surge of collective farms and radical food systems in and around the Hudson Valley.What does it mean to create an infrastructure of care, and systems of resilience within a capitalist landscape of production, extraction, and exploitation?Against the backdrop of land distribution laws such as the Homestead Act (1862) and Alien Land Laws (1913 to present) that have driven the current racial disparity in agricultural land ownership, this project reframes rurality as a site of radical reclamation. This research forms
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ELKAINA, Hammache. "Assessment of the Political Ecosystem of Female Entrepreneurship." In I.International Congress ofWoman's Studies. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lady.con1-19.

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Our research work on women's entrepreneurship in Algeria has allowed us to identify the social reality of women's entrepreneurship in Algeria, and thus to identify the difficulties and obstacles it faces. To understand the reasons for these obstacles, it became clear to us through these results the necessity of testing the hypothesis “that the difficulties faced by the enterprises are due to the environment in which they are located” and that is through their assessment of this environmental environment. To carry out this research, we relied on the methodology applied by the International Labo
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Urošević, Miroslav, Sara Čer, Dejan Beuković, Jovan Mirčeta, Beata Abramowicz, and Miroslava Polovinski-Horvatović. "Deer farming as profitable agribussines: The hidden potential in Serbia." In Zbornik radova 26. medunarodni kongres Mediteranske federacije za zdravlje i produkciju preživara - FeMeSPRum. Poljoprivredni fakultet Novi Sad, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/femesprumns24039u.

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The farming of deer (Cervidae family) has increased globally during the last decades, both in the number of farming operations and the economic output. The increasing interest of consumers in the so-called "freerange products" is reflected in the worldwide development of wild animal farming. Deer are farmed on multiple continents for multiple markets including products such as venison, velvet, urine and antlers. New Zealand is by far the largest exporter of deer meat (venison) and products in the world. Venison equates to 91 percent of the total volume of their deer products exported, however
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Kochanek, Sophie, Jinding Xing, Alper Yilmaz, George Edward Gibson, and Pingbo Tang. "Using Computer Vision to Reduce Human Errors of Operating on the Wrong Control Valves in Nuclear Power Plants." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002217.

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Nuclear power plants are complex systems that have many modules for errors to occur. Each year in the United States, an average of approximately 80 accidents happen, of which 50 (or 62%) are related to human errors (Nuclear Energy Agency, 2020). These errors reduce the efficiency of plants and have cost, safety, and environmental consequences. Nuclear operators manipulate control objects, like valves, to complete maintenance procedures involved in power generation by directing water around a plant (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021). However, there are many identical valves in a small area
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Reports on the topic "Labor laws and legislation – United States"

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Lehe, Lewis, Sairpaneeth Devunuri, Javier Rondan, and Ayush Pandey. Taxation of Ride-hailing. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-040.

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This report is a guide to the practice of taxing ride-hailing at the state and local levels in the United States. The information is based on a survey of legislation, news articles, journal articles, revenue data, and interviews. We first review the literature and provide a history of ride-hailing and the practice of ride-hailing. We then profile all ride-hailing taxes in the United States, classifying these taxes according to common attributes and pointing out what details of legislation or history distinguishes each tax. One important distinction is between ad valorem taxes, levied as a perc
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Ripani, Laura, and Claudia Piras. The Effects of Motherhood on Wages and Labor Force Participation: Evidence from Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008892.

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This study asks a simple question that has significant implications for gender equality. After decades of increasing female participation in the labor market, advances in the labor legislation and persistent gender wage gaps, what are the effects of motherhood on labor force participation and wages in Latin America? The data presented in this report show that mothers with children under 7 years of age participate less in the labor market than those with no children, except for single mothers. Another interesting result is that female labor force participation generally increases with age and d
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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans. Institute for New Economic Thinking, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp177.

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Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on
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South Asia: Clarify goals and expand the reach of anti-trafficking programs. Frontiers in Reproductive Health, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2002.1014.

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Each year, a significant number of adults and children become victims of human trafficking—forced transportation within or across country borders for exploitation in the form of forced sex, labor, or other services unwillingly given. In September 2001, the Population Council collaborated with the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health and the United Nations Development Fund for Women to conduct a consultative meeting on antitrafficking programs in South Asia. About 50 participants from national and international human rights and antitrafficking organizations attended the three-day meetin
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