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Journal articles on the topic 'Labor market – Soviet Union'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Siegelbaum, Lewis H. "The Condition of Labor in Post-Soviet Russia." Social Science History 28, no. 4 (2004): 637–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012876.

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Labor (meaning both wage workers as well as their collective representation) in Russia was a major loser in the decade following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Aggregate data on prices, average wage and pension levels, wage arrears, and unemployment indicate a serious decline in workers’ standard of living that is unprecedented in the post-World War II era, while strike data show an upsurge in this form of worker militancy during the mid-1990s but a decline thereafter.This article seeks to explain both why these developments occurred and what prevented workers from adequately defending thei

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2

Charnovitz, Steven. "The Human Rights of Foreign Labor." Worldview 28, no. 1 (1985): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0084255900046416.

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Little noticed by the press. United States trade policy is undergoing significant changes aimed at promoting the rights of workers in foreign countries—changes achieved through the use of both a carrot and a stick. The carrot, now being offered to the less-developed world, is dutyfree access to the U.S. market for qualifying products exported by countries that meet certain new criteria on bbor. The stick is a ban on imports made by forced labor— something the Reagan administration is under increasing pressure to invoke against the Soviet Union. While it is too early to gauge the success of suc

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Ayazbekov, Zh, and S. Kemelbayeva. "Gender Wage Gap in the Former Soviet Union: Evidence from EBRD Data." ECONOMIC SERIES OF THE BULLETIN OF THE L.N. GUMILYOV ENU, no. 1 (2023): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2789-4320-2023-1-126-141.

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This research article examines gender inequality in employment in the former Soviet Union based on data collected by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development with the third wave of the “Life in Transition” Survey conducted in 2016. Despite numerous efforts, the wage gap between women and men is still an important problem in many countries of the world, and especially in the countries of the former Soviet Union. It is worth noting that this wage gap affects the economic and social spheres of life, human rights, and dramatically affects women's economic independence. Several articles

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Gerber, Theodore P. "Structural Change and Post-Socialist Stratification: Labor Market Transitions in Contemporary Russia." American Sociological Review 67, no. 5 (2002): 629–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240206700501.

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In Russia, market transition has led to sweeping structural changes: a long recession, growth of the private sector, expansion of certain branches of the economy and contraction of others, a decrease in average firm size, and regional differentiation in economic performance. These structural changes had important consequences for stratification through their effects on individual labor market outcomes. Analyses of nine types of individual labor market transitions in Russia using 1991–1997 work-history data show that structural location has strong effects. Human capital and membership in the Co

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Saipova, Kamola D. "National-state construction and its impact on the formation of the ethnic composition of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic." Historical Ethnology 10, no. 1 (2025): 56–66. https://doi.org/10.22378/he.2025-10-1.56-66.

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The article focuses on studying the influence of employment policy of the Soviet regime in Central Asia on the formation of the ethnic composition of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR). Based on archival sources, stratistical data and fundamental works, the author concludes that the delimitation process was carried out on the basis of a narrow approach, while very little attention was paid to the historical, geographical, socio-economic characteristics of the peoples of the region. The paper outlines differing interpretations of migration processes in the Uzbek SSR: discourse of the Sov

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Svejnar, Jan. "Microeconomic Issues in the Transition to a Market Economy." Journal of Economic Perspectives 5, no. 4 (1991): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.5.4.123.

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The socialist system introduced microeconomic distortions that probably transcend those observed in the third world. The recent developments in Poland, Yugoslavia, and the Soviet Union also support the hypothesis that macro stabilization will be difficult to achieve in the transforming socialist economies in the absence of adequate micro adjustments. In this paper, I address what I consider to be the most important micro issues related to the transition from socialist to market economies. First I summarize the initial microeconomic conditions, covering labor, capital, and energy markets; the p

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Kalter, F., and I. Kogan. "Migrant Networks and Labor Market Integration of Immigrants from the Former Soviet Union in Germany." Social Forces 92, no. 4 (2014): 1435–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/sot155.

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8

Orynbassarova, Dilara. "Entrepreneurial University Perspective: Tracking Labor Force Capacity to Support Industrialization Processes in the Emerging Markets, Evidence from Kazakhstan Data." EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal 6, no. 2 (2017): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2016.111.

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Industrialisation is considered as main engine of growth in economic development of the most emerging markets. This is especially true for Central Asian transitional countries as Kazakhstan, which obtained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. For enhancing country’s competitiveness potential, Kazakhstan National Program for 2010-2014 aimed to accelerate industrial-innovative development of the country. While many papers published about the importance of industrialization activities in Kazakhstan, few have focused on examining the current capacity of labor market to meet the industry dem

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9

Malle, Silvana. "Labour redeployment and cooperatives in the Soviet Union." Recherches économiques de Louvain 56, no. 2 (1990): 191–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800031900.

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SummaryPolicy approach towards employment has changed under perestroïka. The emphasis is falling on the release of labour from the material branches and on its partial redeployment in the service sector in general and in the cooperative sphere in particular.The pattern of labour redeployment, however, does not suggest that under perestroïka the labour market has become less taut. Since cooperative and individual activities draw out of the state sphere the best cadres, the inefficiency of the state economy could increase. Recurrent criticism against cooperatives and price control measures indic

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10

Shumskii, N. "Regional Economic Unions of CIS Countries." World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2012): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2012-3-52-58.

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For 20 years after the collapse of the USSR the post-Soviet countries, for the most part, turned into the independent states. So, it is not surprising that each of them has its own policy, posts and defends its own interests. The strive to preserve independence, to modernize the economy and to improve the living standards of the population remains the main driving force of interaction between the former Soviet republics within the Commonwealth of Independent States. The CIS serves as the main systemic structure in the post-Soviet space that allows the member states to harmonize their positions

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11

Бурда and M. Burda. "Russia's Policy in the Sphere of External Labor Migration: Management Problems." Administration 5, no. 2 (2017): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59537e447b96c2.84477889.

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The author analyzes the policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of external labour migration, reveals the peculiarity of formation of the Russian labor market for foreign workforce, focusing on its basic focus on the integration model of the Eurasian economic Union and the Commonwealth of independent States. The article discusses the scheme of formation of migration policy and identifies a number of problematic issues of management of external labour migration, which the author attributed the imperfection of the migration system and peculiarities of political processes in the post-Sovie

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Rzhanitsyna, L. S., and E. V. Kravchenko. "Modern Labor Market in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation." Federalism, no. 3 (October 3, 2020): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2020-3-39-51.

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The article highlights the features of employment in the Arctic zone of Russia. The main one is the disparity between the importance of the AZRF in the country’s economy and the constant shortage of workers. This disparity has not arisen now, but is a traditional problem since the Soviet Union, which created a certain management mechanism that promotes the development of this potential. This mechanism was based on state ownership of the property of enterprises and organizations, a centralized system of recruitment of personnel attracted to work from other regions, as well as wages and social p

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13

Saar, Ellu, Siim Krusell, and Jelena Helemae. "Russian-Speaking Immigrants in Post-Soviet Estonia: Towards Generation Fragmentation or Integration in Estonian Society." Sociological Research Online 22, no. 2 (2017): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.4228.

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The disadvantages experienced by immigrants in education and labour markets have been of growing concern in many countries in recent years. However, little research has been undertaken on ethnic inequalities in labour markets in Eastern Europe, and especially in post-Soviet societies. This article considers the integration of the immigrant population into the labour market in post-Soviet Estonia, where the context and peculiarities of the arrived population are quite different from the assumptions of Western immigrant integration theories. The Russian-speaking population arrived in Estonia aft

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Trofimov, Yevgeny. "Migration Processes in the Post-Soviet Territory in the 21st Century." Bulletin of Baikal State University 30, no. 1 (2020): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2020.30(1).23-29.

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The author analyzes contemporary characteristics of migration processes in the post-Soviet territory. Factors which explain the dynamics of migration gain of Russias population due to former Soviet Republics and the ones which lead to increased ethnic tensions are considered. Such post-Soviet phenomenon as xenophobia is highlighted. It can be observed in the majority of former republics of the USSR. The author draws a conclusion that international migration is becoming a specific indicator which characterizes attractiveness of a country. The article discusses some issues which concern peculiar

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Lewin-Epstein, Noah, Moshe Semyonov, Irena Kogan, and Richard A. Wanner. "Institutional Structure and Immigrant Integration: A Comparative Study of Immigrants’ Labor Market Attainment in Canada and Israel." International Migration Review 37, no. 2 (2003): 389–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00142.x.

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The present study focuses on the incorporation of immigrants from the former Soviet Union in two receiving societies, Israel and Canada, during the first half of the 1990s. Both countries conducted national censuses in 1995 (Israel) and 1996 (Canada), making it possible to identify a large enough sample of immigrants and provide information on their demographic characteristics and their labor market activity. While both Canada and Israel are immigrant societies, their institutional contexts of immigrant reception differ considerably. Israel maintains no economic selection of the Jewish immigra

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Awada, Saleh. "ANALYSIS OF HIGHER EDUCATION CORRELATION WITH THE LABOUR MARKET AND ITS MAIN PROBLEMS IN ISRAEL AND T." Economica, no. 2(120) (August 2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/econ.2022.120.049.

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Although the Soviet Union education system and its principles do not exist anymore, many parents and grandparents still regret that they cannot train their descendants in higher education institutions of a soviet-style and the labour market of both Moldova and Israel stimulate these aspirations. In this research, the author tries to find out current problems of Higher Education and suggest some solutions for solving them. The research is based on intensive study of literature, articles and scientific papers on the labour market in Israel and the Republic of Moldova, trying to compare the ratio

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Saakyan, Jemma, Anca Drăghici, and Ilie Tăucean. "A Debate on Main Aspects of Safety Management and Ergonomics in Georgia." Scientific Bulletin of the Politehnica University of Timişoara Transactions on Engineering and Management 8, no. 1-2 (2023): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.59168/nkuu5343.

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Safety management and ergonomic working conditions are two of the decisive factors in the organizational health of employees. In recent decades, industrialized countries have experienced significant changes in the functioning of labor markets and safety management systems. Increased commodity market competition, highly turbulent aggregate demand, and rapid technological advances have contributed to increased pressure on labor efficiency. Safety management and ergonomic measures are considered as one of the main important aspects of organizational behavior, which is important to regulate both a

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18

Nadyrov, Sharip. "Kazakstan and Xinjiang: Regional Players in the World Economy." Nationalities Papers 26, no. 3 (1998): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999808408584.

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After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the large international companies of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) began to emphasize collaboration with the former Soviet republics because of opportunities for new markets and raw materials. There are several basic problems, however, demanding serious research into such trade prospects:(1) The definition of economic and technological variants in the division of labor among Russia, Central Asia, and the People's Republic of China (P.R.C.), including the roles of Kazakstan and Xinjiang.(2) Defining needs and prioritizing units of productio

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19

Rudokvas, Anton D. "Trade Unions and Labour Law in a Modern Russia." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 17, Issue 4 (2001): 407–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/394545.

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The author highlights the actual problems of the trade union movement and labour market changes taking place in a modern Russia, analyzes the evolution of trade unionism through the prism of its history. He rightly believes that it is impossible to carry out such a study without addressing the situation in this field in the U.S.S.R. as many realities of that time continue to exist in an adjusted form now. In terms of centralized state soviet trade unions performed the role of one of the divisions of the mechanism of the government. The appearance of alternative trade unions marked an important

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20

Weidman, John C., and Brian Yoder. "Policy and Practice in Education Reform in Mongolia and Uzbekistan during the First Two Decades of the Post-Soviet Era." Excellence in Higher Education 1, no. 1&2 (2010): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ehe.2010.16.

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This article describes the social, economic, and political processes that have influenced educational reform in two countries of Central Asia since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. It compares and contrasts the various educational reform initiatives that have occurred in each country, including legal and policy frameworks, curriculum change, decentralization, privatization, finance, structure, and emphasis of educational systems, and the fit between what is taught in educational institutions and demands of the labor market. A sector-wide framework for education reform is presented to faci

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Clark, Terry D., Stacy J. Holscher, and Lisa A. Hyland. "The LDLP Faction in the Lithuanian Seimas, 1992–1996*." Nationalities Papers 27, no. 2 (1999): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/009059999109046.

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In the 1992 elections to the national legislature, Lithuania became the first country in Eastern Europe to return its former communist party to power. Headed by Algirdas Brazauskas, the former First Secretary who had led the party in its split from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in December 1990, the party had rejected the Soviet past and renamed itself the Lithuanian Democratic Labor Party (LDLP). Declaring itself a social-democratic party, the LDLP supported democracy and a free market “with a human face.” In the 1992 elections the LDLP campaigned as a party of experienced, c

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22

Szabaciuk, Andrzej. "30 lat rosyjskiej polityki imigracyjnej i jej znaczenie z perspektywy Federacji Rosyjskiej i obszaru poradzieckiego." Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 19, no. 2 (2021): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36874//riesw.2021.2.18.

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The article aims to analyze the immigration politics of the Russian Federation from the perspective of the last three decades after the collapse of the Soviet Union. We have considered its importance from the point of view of the domestic and foreign policy of the state. Since 2000, with the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s first presidency, we have been observing a significant increase in the importance of the immigration policy of the Russian Federation, which was an important component of the Russian population policy and one of the key instruments to counteract the deepening depopulation of t

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23

Boiko, I. V. "Technological Restructuring of Economies of the Former Soviet Union: from “Destruction” to “Creation”." EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 17, no. 2 (2023): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2023-02-24-33.

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Modern geo-economic and geopolitical processes create a need to rethink the integration interaction between the republics of the former USSR, now — sovereign countries. This is due not only to the rapidly increasing instability of the global financial system, the growth of trade and economic contradictions between countries, but also to the possibility of using the previous experience of inter-republican industrial-technological and intellectual cooperation to achieve the goals of economic development.Aim and tasks. The article’s main aim is to frame the technological and economic interaction

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Kulbidiuk, Ruslan Viktorovich. "Characteristics of the economic potential of the Transnistrian region of Moldova on the eve of the collapse of the USSR." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 12 (December 2023): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2023.12.39357.

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The article examines the main characteristics of the economic potential of the Pridnestrovian region of Moldova, and also describes the latest significant events that occurred in the industrial sector of the republic on the eve of the collapse of the USSR. The purpose of the study is to characterize and evaluate the industry of the Pridnestrovian part of the MSSR, in order to form a more complete picture of the economic potential of the republic. The author presents an analysis of the main directions in the development of industry in the region at the final stage of the existence of a single s

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Bodnarchuk, Tetiana. "Formation of the model of international economic relations in the context of the past development trajectory of the Ukrainian national economy." Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni 2024, no. 57 (2024): 236–57. https://doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2024.57.236.

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In the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction, Ukraine’s further integration into the world economy and trade-economic cooperation with the EU, the USA, and other developed countries is a priority task. However, the Soviet economic heritage in the form of the extensive elements and forms of economic management continues to create obstacles to building a competitive model of foreign trade cooperation. And overcoming these obstacles is impossible without rethinking and evaluating the historical experience. The research’s aim is to summarize the determinants and structural-institutional ch

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Dubodelov, Artem. "Fundamental National Strategic Trends in Developing Competitive Industrial Construction." Strategizing: Theory and Practice 5, no. 2 (2025): 240–58. https://doi.org/10.21603/2782-2435-2025-2-240-258.

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The article reviews the strategic competitiveness demonstrated by the Soviet economy in the field of industrial construction from the perspective of achievements in major industries, i.e., energy, petrochemical production, mechanical engineering, etc., depending on their share in the national gross domestic product. The projects were arranged chronologically and divided into those located on the territory of the Soviet Union and those located abroad. The author focused on such parameters of large-scale construction projects as technology, equipment, design institutes, and labor resources. The

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Toro-Morn, Maura I., Anne R. Roschelle, and Elisa Facio. "Gender, Work, and Family in Cuba: The Challenges of the Special Period." Journal of Developing Societies 18, no. 2-3 (2002): 32–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x0201800203.

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It is within the context of the Special Period, the economic crisis that began in the early 1990s after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the tightening of the economic blockade by the United States, that we analyze work and family relations in Cuba. Although women made significant gains in the labor market after the Revolution, the Special Period has eroded many of these gains. Using interviews collected in Cuba, we document the struggles that women workers encountered in order to continue to support their families and stay in the labor market. The growth of jobs in the tourist sector has

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Janicki, Joel J. "Coercion and Coerciveness in the Politics of Cold-War Ukraine and Taiwan." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 51, no. 2 (2021): 9–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.598.

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The present study is devoted to an examination of the prison memoirs by the Ukrainian writer, Mykhaylo Osadchy (1936–1994) and the Taiwanese writer Tsai Tehpen (b. 1925) from the perspective of coercion. Osadchy was a member of the Sixtiers, a group of young Ukrainian intellectuals who brought about cultural renaissance in post-Stalin Ukraine. Their writings marked a strong reaction against Moscow’s policy of great-power chauvinism at the onset of the regime change that marked the end of Khrushchev’s liberalizing campaign. Osadchy was one of the victims of the subsequent wave of arrests of dis

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Choi, Changyong, and Hyeyoung Woo. "A Comparative Study on Political Trust in Transition Countries." Journal of Policy Studies 38, no. 4 (2023): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/jps38404.

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This paper investigates the origin of political trust in post-communist Central European and Soviet Union countries. By comparing two competing theories that explain political trust, institutionalism, and socialization theory, the paper tried to explore which theory shows a higher explanatory power in the transitional context. The research employs ordinary least squares (OLS) methodology, using country and time as dummies to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The main independent variable is constructed based on the ‘cohort effect,’ representing years of experience of communist rule. The st

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Cohen Goldner, Sarit, Chemi Gotlibovski, and Nava Kahana. "Human Capital and Labor Supply Decisions in Immigrant Families: An Alternative Test of the Family Investment Hypothesis." Economies 13, no. 8 (2025): 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13080211.

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Immigrant households frequently face liquidity constraints upon arrival, which potentially hinders their long-term economic integration. The Family Investment Hypothesis (FIH) suggests that couples may respond to these constraints by coordinating their labor supply: one spouse works to finance the other’s investment in local human capital. Previous studies have tested the FIH by comparing married immigrants to married natives, attributing differences in outcomes to financial constraints. However, this approach may conflate such constraints with other inherent differences between immigrants and

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Haberfeld, Y. "Ethnicity and Labour Market Performance among Recent Immigrants from the Former Soviet Union to Israel." European Sociological Review 16, no. 3 (2000): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/16.3.287.

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Demidov, Nikolay V. "The institution of dismissal of an employee at the initiative of the employer in 1970-1980 as a reflection of the problems of Late Soviet Labor Law." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 46 (2023): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/46/10.

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By the beginning of the 1980s, the legal regulation of relations on termination of an employment contract at the initiative of the employer remained unchanged for a decade. The prevailing volume of norms was fixed in 1970. Fundamentals of the legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics on Labor and the Labor Code of the RSFSR of 1971 Article 254 of the Labor Code of the RSFSR of 1971 fixed additional grounds for the release of certain categories of workers. The grounds for dismissal of employees with a special legal status were also fixed in the branch Charters on labor discipline. Discipl

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NAKAYAMA, Hiromasa. "Sadayoshi OHTSU: The Labor Market in The Modern Soviet Union (in Japanese), Nihon-hyoron-sha, Tokyo, 1988, 396 p." Japanese Slavic and East European Studies 11 (1990): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5823/jsees.11.0_104.

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Giluyn, O. V., and L. O. Kolisnyk. "Why should dual higher education be developed in Ukraine? Sociological analysis." Науково-теоретичний альманах "Грані" 21, no. 10 (2018): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1718133.

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The article is devoted to the problem of interaction of the labor market and higher education in modern Ukrainian society. On the basis of the analysis of statistical data and the results of sociological surveys of different categories of the population, it is concluded that the market of educational services in the present-day Ukraine functions, mainly in itself, poorly interacting with the labor market. It is noted that the significant manifestation of the structural imbalance of supply and demand in the labor market is the discrepancy between the structure, volume and quality of graduates’

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Kwiatkowski, Michał. "The labour market in Poland - preceding the cultural transformations associated with the influx of immigrants." International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies 5, no. 1 (2018): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2141.

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This article attempts to analyse preparation of the Polish labour market to welcome migrant workers from outside the European Union. In addition to the numerous statistics showing the current state of the domestic labour market, the author focuses on aspects related to entering the job market by young people and their chances of getting a job. Also analysed is the readiness of Polish society to accept immigrants. The psychological acceptance of immigrants is an extremely important area, especially in the situation of mass inflow of workers from Ukraine, Belarus and other countries from post-So

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Helms, Marilyn M., and Cynthia J. Guffey. "The role of women in Europe." European Business Review 97, no. 2 (1997): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09555349710162580.

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With major events including the European Economic Community, German unification and the fall of the former Soviet Union, there is an increased reality of a large united Europe. With these societal and political changes comes change in the role of women. As the number of women entering the labour market increases, the effect of job equality must be investigated. Examines the role of women in the European workforce. Discusses areas such as promotion, mentoring, education, compensation and reform recommendations. Shows that four key economic, demographic, and organizational trends are creating po

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Francis, Corinna-Barbara. "Reproduction of Danwei Institutional Features in the Context of China's Market Economy: The Case of Haidian District's High-Tech Sector." China Quarterly 147 (September 1996): 839–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000051821.

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The literature on the political and economic transition from Communism, developed largely in the context of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, has been dominated by the idea that horizontal forms of social and political association displace the vertically structured, segmented forms of social control and organization which are characteristic of traditional Communist systems. Social forces, by linking together in broadly based, horizontally structured associations such as industry-wide labour unions and associations of private entrepreneurs, are able to break out of the vertical structures of

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Tinin, Dmytro. "The concept and essence of mobbing, ways to overcome it." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 1, no. 1 (2021): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2021-1-171-176.

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Today, employers like to complain about the low efficiency of their employees. However, they do not take into account the fact that they themselves are not only unable to adequately organize the labor process, but also very often create their own non-working atmosphere, full of intrigue, harassment and violence. As a result, labor productivity is low, there is hatred for each other in the team, and the most promising employees can not withstand the pressure and are fired. For the most part, in post-Soviet labor collectives with a well-developed informal management apparatus, the rights of work

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Eskytė, Ieva. "When Accessibility of Public Space Excludes. Shopping experience of people with vision impairments." Journal of Public Space, Vol. 4 n. 4 (December 31, 2019): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v4i4.1233.

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The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) recognises access to consumer goods and services in the mainstream private market as essential for full participation in society. Nevertheless, people with impairments rarely enjoy the same rights and consumer experience as non-disabled individuals. This paper argues that (in)accessibility of public space is an important factor shaping how accessible the private market is for people who do not ‘fit’ conventional norms and standards. It demonstrates how category-driven accessibility provisions in some geographical a

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Gorbanyov, V. A. "New Geographical Regionalization of Russia." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(37) (August 28, 2014): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-4-37-187-196.

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After the October Revolution there was an urgent need for a new economic zoning of Russia. Under the leadership of the greatest scientists the Soviet Union was divided in to economic regions. After the collapse of the USSR and the emergence of a market economy, these regions have lost their meaning, and the new were not created. Therefore there was a need of a new zoning Russia, and not by economic regions, but by the complex geographical regions. This is a difficult task, but because of the author's opinion that geography should be a single, new geographical areas should reflect their histori

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Cohen, Lizabeth. "Katznelson's Working Within the System Now." International Labor and Working-Class History 46 (1994): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900010796.

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Germany has been reunified. The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have fractured into ethnically defined nationalist republics trying to dismantle decades of communist political and economic structures and replace them with free markets and free marketplaces of ideas. It seems only fitting that Ira Katznelson should publically embrace liberal political theory with a new “zest for political engagement”, enthusiastically endorsing the old liberal vision of political science as a discipline, and thrusting both onto labor historians as the perfect solution to political and epistemological crises in

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Shekh, Alexander V. "Отражение событий августа 1991 года в Мурманской области." Transaction Kola Science Centre 11, № 1-2020 (2020): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2020.1.18.009.

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The attempt to remove from power in August 1991, M.S. Gorbachev actually marked the end of the history of the Soviet Union. The August events forced the peoples of the republics of the USSR to unite around republican elites who defended the achievements of perestroika. The socio-political situation in the Murmansk region in August 1991 is considered on the material of the regional press.It reflects a specific feature of those events in the region. Despite the differences in the positions of different groups of the population, in General, electoral support for the legitimate authorities was ref

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Lustick, Ian S. "The Absence of Middle Eastern Great Powers: Political “Backwardness” in Historical Perspective." International Organization 51, no. 4 (1997): 653–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002081897550483.

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Propelled by the oil boom of the mid-1970s the Middle East emerged as the world's fastest growing region. Hopes and expectations were high for Arab political consolidation, economic advancement, and cultural efflorescence. With falling oil prices and a devastating war between Iran and Iraq, these hopes had dimmed somewhat by the early 1980s. In 1985, however, the spectacular image of an Arab great power was still tantalizing. A Pan-Arab state, wrote two experts on the region, would include a total area of 13.7 million square kilometers,second only to the Soviet Union and considerably larger th

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Rakhimova, Muattara. "The Impact of Regional Economic Integration on Socio-Demographic Processes in Uzbekistan." DEMIS. Demographic Research 5, no. 2 (2025): 84–101. https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2025.5.2.6.

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The article examines the impact of regional economic integration processes in the post-Soviet landscape on socio-demographic changes in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Attention is focused on labor migration as one of the key problems. After the collapse of the USSR, Uzbekistan became the main donor of labor migrants in the region, which influenced the socio-demographic situation in the republic. Integration within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) opens new economic horizons, contributing to the development of Central Asian countries, but also crea

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Heilbrunn, Sibylle, Khaled Abu-Asbeh, and Muhammed Abu Nasra. "Difficulties facing women entrepreneurs in Israel: a social stratification approach." International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 6, no. 2 (2014): 142–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijge-02-2013-0007.

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Purpose – The purpose of this article is to explore the difficulties facing entrepreneurs in three groups of women in Israel: immigrant women from the Former Soviet Union (FSU), women belonging to the Palestinian Israeli minority and Jewish Israeli women belonging to the majority population. Relying on the stratification approach, the authors investigate the extent to which labor market, resource and women-specific disadvantages constrain women's entrepreneurship within these three groups. Design/methodology/approach – The target research population consisted of 477 women entrepreneurs who ope

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Кук, Линда, and Е. Виноградова. "The state in the social sphere: departing or staying? Social reforms in central eastern Europe and Russia." Public Administration Issues, no. 2 (June 15, 2014): 120–44. https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2014-0-2-120-144.

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The article presents a comprehensive analysis of welfare states in Central Eastern Europe and Russia from their foundations in the Soviet period through post-communist transition, with focus on the years after 1990. The article covers the emergence, structure, performance and transformations of these welfare states, including social insurance, health care, labor market institutions, and the gender dimension. Mapping trajectories of post-communist welfare state change, the text considers scholarly debates about the agents of change, including external agents such as the European Union and Inter

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Molchanov, Nikolai. "Academic legacy of Professor Sergei V.Valdaytsev." St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies 40, no. 2 (2024): 322–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2024.209.

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This article shows the main stages of the creative path of St. Petersburg State University professor Sergei Vasilievich Valdaitsev (1951–2012), who made a significant contribution to the creation and development of the domestic school of economics, science and innovation. The features of the Soviet stage of the emergence of scientific studies and the economics of scientific and technological progress, the origins of the formation of the first scientific and technical complexes in the Soviet Union are characterized. The problems of the first studies in this area are shown: the history of scienc

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Roberts, K., G. I. Osadchaya, H. V. Dsuzev, V. G. Gorodyanenko, and J. Tholen. "Who Suceeds and who Flounders? Young People in East Europe's New Market Economies." Sociological Research Online 7, no. 4 (2002): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.735.

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The main question addressed in this paper is what happens when the usual sociological predictors (family background and educational attainment, for example) fail to predict labour market success and failure The paper presents evidence from surveys conducted in 1999 among 1300 25-26 year olds in Moscow, Vladikavkaz and Dneipropetrovsk which shows that this was indeed the situation in these places, and probably in most other parts of the former Soviet Union also. Our analysis also draws on evidence from focus groups conducted in Moscow and Dneipropetrovsk during 2002 with a total of 25 recent un

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Janet, Oyedele Opeoluwa, Amaziroh Queendaline Chiebuka, Odike Christabel Oluchi, and Tchomeni Dieunedort. "An Overview of the Eurasian Economic Union as an Economic Integration Supranational Organization." South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics 21, no. 8 (2024): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i8861.

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The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), founded on May 29, 2014, represents a significant effort to enhance economic growth and prosperity among former Soviet states, notably Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Russia. Tracing its origin from the dissolution of the USSR and the subsequent establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in 1991, the EAEU emerged after overcoming initial challenges faced by the CIS, formalizing its structure in 2015. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the EAEU's historical evolution, institutional framework, and the dynamics of its economic integrati

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ZHDANOVA, L. L. "INSTITUTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF MODERN UKRAINE." Economic innovations 22, no. 1(74) (2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2020.22.1(74).72-79.

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Topicality. The actuality of problem is due to the fact that over the years of the Ukrainian economy transformation, market institutions have been created, and development institutions have not. Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to identify the basic institutions that promote development, and to study the specificity of their functioning in modern Ukraine. Research results. Research shows that in the institutional system of developed countries, the main social institution that initiates progress of the economy is trade union. Trade unions are seeking for a wage increase that encoura

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