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Journal articles on the topic 'Labor, Unemployed, 1932'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kritikos, George. "The Proliferation of Agricultural Schools: A Practical Education in Greece (1922–1932)." Agricultural History 81, no. 3 (2007): 358–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-81.3.358.

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Abstract This study analyzes the proliferation of agricultural schools in Greece from 1922 to 1932 from a social, economic, and cultural perspective. It examines the role of the Greek vernacular language—demotic—and vernacular education as tools for national and social integration. It investigates the links between the establishment of agricultural schools, the teaching of demotic in elementary school, and the integration in the labor market not only of thousands of unemployed Greek citizens, but also of approximately 1.2 million Asia Minor refugees who fled to Greece after 1922. The article e

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2

Card, David. "Origins of the Unemployment Rate: The Lasting Legacy of Measurement without Theory." American Economic Review 101, no. 3 (2011): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.552.

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The modern definition of unemployment emerged in the late 1930s from research conducted at the Works Progress Administration and the Census Bureau. According to this definition, people who are not working but actively searching for work are counted as unemployed. This concept was first used in the Enumerative Check Census, a follow-up sample for the 1937 Census of Unemployment, and continued with the Monthly Report on the Labor Force survey, begun in December 1939 by the Works Progress Administration. A similar definition is now used to measure unemployment around the world.

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3

Ostrander, J. R., and D. C. Oliver. "Construction of the Broadway Bridge at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, in 1932." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 4 (1987): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l87-066.

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Saskatoon in the late twenties experienced a minor construction boom. Then in 1930 the Depression hit, coinciding with more than a decade of drought that decimated Saskatchewan's farm communities and urban centres. In 1931 Saskatoon proposed a relief project. It would construct a concrete arch bridge across the South Saskatchewan River connecting the downtown business district with Nutana.Acting as the City's consulting engineer, C. J. Mackenzie, Dean of Engineering at the University of Saskatchewan, directed the design of the bridge. The metastable south bank, much higher than the downtown si

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4

Dincă, Marius-Claudiu. "Repere din activitatea muncitorilor brutari arădeni în perioada interbelică." Ziridava. Studia Historica 29 (November 11, 2024): 159–79. https://doi.org/10.70654/ziridava.2024.09.

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Our study focuses on the bakers` labor union in the city of Arad, during the interwar years, their activity, their goals and the rapports with owners of the businesses and public authorities. This research is based on the information provided by the records in the National Archives of Romania, Division of National Historical Central Archives in Bucharest and, aside from them, on the data obtained from publications and press of the time. Based on the 1921 Act of Professional Unions, a union of baker workers had been established in Arad and was dissolved due to its’ presumed Communist affiliatio

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5

Endres, Tony, and Malcolm Cook. "Administering ‘The Unemployed Difficulty’: The N. S. W. Government Labour Bureau 1892-1912*." Australian Economic History Review 26, no. 1 (1986): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aehr.261004.

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6

Luzardo-Luna, Ivan. "Labour frictions in interwar Britain: industrial reshuffling and the origin of mass unemployment." European Review of Economic History 24, no. 2 (2019): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hez001.

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Abstract This article estimates the matching function of the British labour market for the period of 1921–1934. Changes in matching efficiency can explain both employment resilience during the Great Depression and the high structural unemployment throughout the interwar period. Early in the 1920s, matching efficiency improved due to the development of the retail industry. However, the econometric results show a structural break in March 1927, related to a major industrial reshuffling that reduced the demand for workers in staple industries. Since these industries were geographically concentrat

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7

Jeifets, Victor. "On the way to the Soviet Mexico: the Comintern and the Communist Party of Mexico at the period of its illegal activities, 1929-1934." Latin-american Historical Almanac 31, no. 1 (2021): 33–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32608/2305-8773-2021-31-1-33-60.

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This article deals with the evolution and peculiarities of the policy of Mexican communists who were forced to operate underground after the beginning of the "left turn" in the late 1920s. During this period, the CPM actually abandoned its own interpretation of the problems of the revolution in its country, being satisfied with the policies and assessments of the Comintern apparatus. The author's attention is paid to both the party's course towards attempts to penetrate the army structures, as also to new forms of activity (after the collapse of the policy of broad alliances) in the labor move

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8

Lagneau-Ymonet, Paul, and Bénédicte Reynaud. "The making of a category of economic understanding in Great Britain (1880–1931): ‘the unemployed’." Cambridge Journal of Economics 44, no. 6 (2020): 1181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/beaa018.

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Abstract Evidence-based policy relies on measurement to trigger actions and to manage and evaluate programmes. Yet measurement requires classification: the making of categories of understanding that approximate or represent collective phenomena. In 1931, two decades after implementing the first compulsory unemployment benefits in 1911, the British Government began to carry out a census of out-of-work individuals. Why such an inversion, at odds with the exercise of rational-legal authority, and unlike to its French or German counterparts? To solve this puzzle, we document the making of ‘the une

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9

Efremova, U. P., and O. A. Tsesevichene. "SOCIAL AND PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF LABOR BUREAU OF “THE SOCIETY OF URAL MINING TECHNICIANS”." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 1(52) (2021): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-1-150-157.

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The article is devoted to the socio-protective activities of the Society of Ural Mining Technicians (SUMT). It was founded in 1901 in the Perm province as a professional scientific and technical community. The organization was formed at the stage of the final phase of the industrial revolution in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which contributed to the development of scientific thought in the Ural region, the formation of new social relations and the emergence of professional associations. The main staff of the Society included engineers, technicians, teachers and students of the Ural

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10

Green, D. H. "Alfred Edward Ringwood. 19 April 1930–12 November 1993." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 44 (January 1998): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1998.0023.

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Ted Ringwood was born in Kew, an inner Melbourne suburb, on 19 April 1930, an only child in a family that identified strongly with Australia and with Melbourne in particular. Both his parents were Australian, but his mother's parents had come to Australia as Presbyterian emigrants from Ulster. His paternal grandfather was born in New Zealand, his paternal greatgrandfather in Australia and his grandmother in India. His father, also Alfred Edward Ringwood, enlisted as an 18–year–old in the First World War and fought in France, suffering gas attack, trench feet and other distressing experiences w

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11

Bhatt, Neel S., Pamela Goodman, Wendy M. Leisenring, et al. "Chronic Health Conditions and Longitudinal Employment in Survivors of Childhood Cancer." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 5 (2024): e2410731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10731.

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ImportanceEmployment is an important factor in quality of life and provides social and economic support. Longitudinal data on employment and associations with chronic health conditions for adult survivors of childhood cancer are lacking.ObjectiveTo evaluate longitudinal trends in employment among survivors of childhood cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective cohort study of 5-year cancer survivors diagnosed at age 20 years or younger between 1970 and 1986 enrolled in the multi-institutional Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS). Sex-stratified employment status at baseline (2002

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12

Feldman, Gerald D. "Industrialists, Bankers, and the Problem of Unemployment in the Weimar Republic." Central European History 25, no. 1 (1992): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900019713.

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During the past decade and a half there has been considerable interest shown by economic and social historians in the problems of unemployment in the Weimar Republic, although we still await a work with the comprehensiveness and mastery of W. R. Garside's British Unemployment 1919–1939. Much of the literature on Germany has been devoted to the controversy over government studies of unemployment insurance and business and trade union attitudes toward work creation schemes. Social historians have engaged in a good deal of history from below and history of everyday life dealing with the unemploye

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13

Willis, Cameron. "“If You Want Anything, You Have to Fight for It”." Labour / Le Travail 89 (May 27, 2022): 89–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v89.006.

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For four days in October 1932, during the height of the Great Depression, prisoners at Kingston Penitentiary revolted. They took control of their workshops and brought the convict labour regime to a halt, until the guards and militia violently regained control. This revolt was the culmination of more than a year of organizing and collective actions. Prisoners wrote manifestos, participated in work refusals, elected representatives, and developed a sophisticated critique of the conditions of their incarceration and the penitentiary administration. Using a unique collection of archival documents

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14

Gorbanyuk, V. O. "Market-oriented model of organization of agricultural services, non-profit cooperatives for the use of dairy resources." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 92 (2019): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e9222.

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The strategic goal of economic and social policy in the countryside should be to ensure an integrated multifunctional development of communities, which would increase their role not only in the development of agricultural production, but also in other types of labor activities, and also, which is very important, to ensure a favorable environment for their living. Thus, the strategic foundation of this solution is the development of the productive forces of each rural community. Therefore, the orientation of the rural communities, especially the united ones, to its own resources and opportuniti

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15

Stanisław Batawia. "Rudolf Hoess komendant obozu koncentracyjnego w Oświęcimiu." Archives of Criminology, no. XXVII (June 14, 2004): 7–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak2003-2004a.

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This article has been published in 1951 in the Bulletin of rhe Main Commission for the Investigation of the Hitler Crimes in Poland. After 60 years past the end of the Second World War, we have decided to republish it, driven by a belief that its content - presentation of Hoess’ personality uncovered in criminology studies, as well as the mechanisms behind his rise to becoming one of the biggest war criminals ever, deserves another reminder in the contemporary times. The article has been prepared based on long hours of life investigation on the person of Rudolf Hoess by prof. Batawia in a Wars

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16

Grover, Chris. "The Wage Stop and Restricting Benefit Income in the United Kingdom: Discretion, Wages and Hardship." Social Policy & Administration, November 12, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spol.13103.

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ABSTRACTIn 2013 the UK government introduced a household benefit cap to restrict the benefit income of its poorest people. Although taking different forms, such restrictions are not new there. Drawing upon files held at the UK's National Archives, this article focuses upon the years 1935 to 1975 during which the main benefit restriction that operated was the wage stop. The wage stop affected claimants categorised as unemployed. As the article demonstrates, those claimants not expected to do wage‐labour, such as lone mothers and sick people, could also have their benefit limited, though not via

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17

Grover, Chris. "Explaining the abolition of the wage stop in the UK." Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, December 4, 2023, 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/175982723x17029202968181.

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Before the introduction of the household benefit cap in the UK in 2013 the previous mechanism there limited the income of social assistance recipients was the wage stop, operating for four decades between 1935 and 1975. Similar to the benefit cap, the wage stop reflected and reproduced concerns with incentivising unemployed people to labour. This raises questions about why the wage stop was abolished in the mid-1970s when worries about unemployment continued, particularly its intersections with out-of-work benefits. It is widely argued that the abolition of the wage stop was a consequence of l

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18

"The importance of achieving justice in Islamic theory (a comprehensive strategic vision)." Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences 15, no. 1 (2025): 64–71. https://doi.org/10.52113/6/2025-15-1/64-71.

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To trace the historical origins of the issue of satisfying needs, we arrive at the fact that this issue is not one of the origins of the capitalist economy. “Since the sixteenth century, the West’s view of helping the poor was only a means of organizing labor, calming its feelings, and organizing the national economy. These programs were a means of controlling the unemployed and restoring security and stability. When the power of anger subsides, the aid system begins to shrink, and the systems return to treating the elderly and the disabled and those who are not wanted by the labor market with

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19

Green, Lelia. "The Work of Consumption." M/C Journal 4, no. 5 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1930.

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Russell Belk,in an amazing 1995 essay on consumption (where 22 of the 38 pages are references, demonstrating hyper-consumption in action), argues that the 1990s heralded a new understanding of consumer behaviour. In the shifting paradigm identified by Belk, the analytical focus of consumer behaviour research became translated from 'Economic/Psychological' to 'Sociological/Anthropological', and from a 'Focus on buying' to a 'Focus on consuming' (61). This made intuitive sense in a world of postmodern marketing (Brown), and it re-enforced an idea that had been put forward by Dallas Smythe that a

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20

Bianchino, Giacomo. "Afterwork and Overtime: The Social Reproduction of Human Capital." M/C Journal 22, no. 6 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1611.

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In the heady expansion of capital’s productive capacity during the post-war period, E.P. Thompson wondered optimistically at potentials accruing to humanity by accelerating automation. He asked, “If we are to have enlarged leisure, in an automated future, the problem is not ‘how are men going to be able to consume all these additional time-units of leisure?’ but ‘what will be the capacity for experience of the men who have this undirected time to live?’” (Thompson 36). Indeed, linear and economistic variants of Marxian materialism have long emphasised that the socialisation of production by th

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21

Hackett, Lisa J., and Jo Coghlan. "Why <em>Monopoly</em> Monopolises Popular Culture Board Games." M/C Journal 26, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.2956.

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Introduction Since the early 2000s, and especially since the onset of COVID-19 and long periods of lockdown, board games have seen a revival in popularity. The increasing popularity of board games are part of what Julie Lennett, a toy industry analyst at NPD Group, describes as the “nesting trend”: families have more access to entertainment at home and are eschewing expensive nights out (cited in Birkner 7). While on-demand television is a significant factor in this trend, for Moriaty and Kay (6), who wouldn’t “welcome [the] chance to turn away from their screens” to seek the “warmth and conne

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22

Wong, Rita. "Past and Present Acts of Exclusion." M/C Journal 4, no. 1 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1893.

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In the summer of 1999, four ships carrying 599 Fujianese people arrived on the west coast of Canada. They survived a desperate and dangerous journey only for the Canadian Government to put them in prison. After numerous deportations, there are still about 40 of these people in Canadian prisons as of January 2001. They have been in jail for over a year and a half under mere suspicion of flight risk. About 24 people have been granted refugee status. Most people deported to China have been placed in Chinese prisons and fined. It is worth remembering that these migrants may have been undocumented

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