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Journal articles on the topic 'Labor unions. Economic conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Bucci, Laura C. "Organized Labor’s Check on Rising Economic Inequality in the U.S. States." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 18, no. 2 (2018): 148–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532440018760198.

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Recent demonstrations of growing economic inequality in the United States raise normative concerns about the political representation of all but the very wealthiest citizens. Building on existing cross-national work on the roles of unions in welfare states, I provide evidence that organized labor, as a political institution, limits unequal income distributions in the U.S. states. The states are useful to our understanding of labor’s influence on inequality as states differ in their acceptance of labor unions, base levels of inequality, political preferences, industries, and levels of developme

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2

Chew, Rosalind, and Soon Beng Chew. "Trade Union Orientation and Macro-Economic Management." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 06, no. 03 (2003): 381–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091503001134.

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This paper makes the distinction between micro-focused unions and macro-focused unions, with the latter emphasizing full employment and competitiveness for the economy. It examines the micro-foundation of the macro-focused labor movement, which calls for certain conditions or arrangements conducive to, and the instruments needed for, the establishment and survival of macro-focused unions. The consequences and outcomes in an industrial relations regime in which macro-focused unions prevail are also examined, and measures for countering the free rider problem suggested. The main conclusion is th

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3

Alvarez, Camila Huerta, Julius Alexander McGee, and Richard York. "Is Labor Green?" Nature and Culture 14, no. 1 (2019): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2019.140102.

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In this article, we assess whether unionization of national workforces influences growth in national carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita. Political-economic theories in environmental sociology propose that labor unions have the potential to affect environmental conditions. Yet, few studies have quantitatively assessed the influence of unionization on environmental outcomes using cross-national data. We estimate multilevel regression models using data on OECD member nations from 1970 to 2014. Results from our analysis indicate that unionization, measured as the percentage of workers who a

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Golden, Miriam. "The Dynamics of Trade Unionism and National Economic Performance." American Political Science Review 87, no. 2 (1993): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2939052.

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I test two theories of the political processes of trade unions. The first argues that wage moderation depends on a centralized labor movement. The second contends that, institutional conditions permitting, unions' coordination of bargaining strategies is sufficient. Coordination is most likely to he achieved when there are small number of unions that do not compete for members, that is, when union monopoly is high. Important empirical anomalies may be resolved by analyzing the effects of union centralization and monopoly separately, rather than combining them into a composite index of corporat

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Haydu, Jeffrey. "Factory Politics in Britain and the United States: Engineers and Machinists, 1914–1919." Comparative Studies in Society and History 27, no. 1 (1985): 57–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500013669.

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The priorities of British and American trade unions center predominantly on the economic rewards received by union members. Collective bargaining and strikes typically focus on how much employers must pay for labor (in wages, pensions, and other benefits) rather than on how the labor, once purchased, may be used. Basic decisions regarding the organization of production are not considered by most unionists as legitimate issues for negotiation. Disputes over working conditions do arise, of course, but rarely concern securing for labor the rights of management. They involve instead efforts to pro

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6

Rhomberg, Chris. "The struggle for a new labor regime: The US." Tempo Social 32, no. 1 (2020): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2020.164863.

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This essay examines the American labor movement since the 2008 economic crisis. I begin with a brief review of the structural, institutional, and organizational conditions for labor before the crisis, including changes in employment and the labor force, the conflict between New Deal and anti-union labor regimes, and the emergence of new repertoires in the labor movement. These form the context for the financial crash, and the failure of policy to challenge corporate power. I then discuss the conservative political offensive against unions and movement initiatives at state and local levels. The

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Brown, Cliff, and John Brueggemann. "Mobilizing Interracial Solidarity: A Comparison of The 1919 and 1937 Steel Industry Labor Organizing Drives." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 2, no. 1 (1997): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.2.1.h7627q8274573037.

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We examine working-class race relations during two steel industry unionization efforts: the 1919 AFL drive and the 1937 CIO drive. Racial conflict divided steel workers in 1919 but interracial labor solidarity prevailed in 1937. We contrast the two drives using event-structure analysis (ESA) to highlight the imputed causal connections in our argument. Comparison of the 1919 and 1937 cases suggests that three developments were necessary for interracial solidarity in steel. First, industrial unions had to replace craft unions, which promoted class-oriented organizing strategies. Second, interrac

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Silva, Mauri Antônio da. "The impact of the economic crisis on labor rights in Brazil." Revista Katálysis 22, no. 2 (2019): 252–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-02592019v22n2p252.

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Abstract This article carries out bibliographical research and analyzes the situation of the Brazilian workers in the context of the current national economic crisis, demonstrating an increase in unemployment rates after the approval of the 2017 labor reform by the National Congress. The economic analysis shows that the reform (considered here a counter-reform) was a measure of counter-trend planned by the capitalists to cope with the fall in profit rates. The trade unions’ struggle was not able to avoid the regressive changes in the Brazilian labor legislation, which deteriorate the labor con

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DAVLETOV, I. I. "THE CURRENT STATE AND EVOLUTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 8 (2020): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.08.02.013.

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In modern economic conditions, trade union organizations are necessary to protect the rights and interests of workers, improve the quality of life, and ensure social guarantees. The trade union unites: employees of the enterprise, students of secondary and higher vocational education institutions, temporarily unemployed able-bodied citizens, pensioners. Trade union organizations carry out a great deal of work to protect the social and labor rights and interests of workers, to increase the level of motivation of trade union membership. All this makes it possible to attract youth to the ranks of

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10

Colistete, Renato P. "Trade Unions and the ICFTU in the Age of Developmentalism in Brazil, 1953–1962." Hispanic American Historical Review 92, no. 4 (2012): 669–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-1727972.

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Abstract This article examines the relations between the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) and its local allies in Brazil during the 1950s and early 1960s. Devised as a tool for uniting non-Communist trade unions worldwide, the ICFTU saw its influence limited by US labor policies toward Latin America and the conditions of labor politics in Brazil, contrary to what happened in Western Europe. The developments on both domestic and international fronts of organized labor had important implications for the political economy of growth and inequality, as the confrontational pa

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Wad, Peter. "Solidarity Action in Global Labor Networks. Four Cases of Workplace Organizing at Foreign Affiliates in the Global South." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 4, no. 1 (2014): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v4i1.3548.

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Globalization transforms workforces of transnational corporation from predominantly home countrydominated workforces into foreign-dominated, multinational workforces. Thus, the national grounding of trade unions as the key form of labor organizing is challenged by new multinational compositions and cross-border relocations of corporate employment affecting working conditions of employees and trade unions in local places. We assume that economic globalization is characterized by expanding global corporate network of vertically and horizontally integrated (equity-based) and disintegrated (nonequ

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ROBERTSON, GRAEME B. "Strikes and Labor Organization in Hybrid Regimes." American Political Science Review 101, no. 4 (2007): 781–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055407070475.

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Existing theories of labor protest depend on independent organizations representing workers. However, in many countries most workers are either not organized at all or are in labor unions intended for control, not representation. This is particularly the case in partially liberalized or hybrid regimes where, despite the introduction of electoral competition, autonomous, democratic organizations representing labor are not well developed. Yet such workers do protest. Drawing on an original new dataset from one hybrid regime, post-Communist Russia, I develop a theory of labor protest and of the i

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Amorim, Wilson Aparecido Costa de, Marcus Vinicius Gonçalves da Cruz, Amyra Moyzes Sarsur, and André Luiz Fischer. "HRM in Brazil: an institutional approach." Revista de Gestão 28, no. 1 (2021): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rege-08-2020-0074.

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PurposeThe purpose of this work is to comparatively study human resources management (HRM) areas in Brazil, at the national level, analyzing how companies considered labor market and labor relations aspects when building their strategies and when configuring people management models in place in the country (2014–2019), based on local conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe subject was approached through qualitative analysis, encompassing document survey, systematic literature review, specialists' panel discussions, eight focus groups (43 human resources [HR] managers), interviews (16 union m

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Akkerman, Agnes. "Involuntary disputes: When competition for members forces smaller unions to strike." Rationality and Society 26, no. 4 (2014): 446–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043463114546312.

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Industrial relations theory has produced two conflicting hypotheses on the effects of multi-unionism on the incidence of industrial conflict. International comparative research proposes that unions organizing the same worker domains are prone to competition, for which industrial conflict is used as a means of propaganda. British economic research claims that unions organizing substitutable workers cooperate and act as one union. This study argues that apparent cooperation is not always voluntary action but is sometimes the result of a loss of autonomy caused by competition and a lack of mobili

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Dias, Elizabeth Costa, Roberval Passos de Oliveira, Jorge H. Machado, et al. "Employment conditions and health inequities: a case study of Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 27, no. 12 (2011): 2452–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2011001200016.

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This paper was prepared for the Employment Conditions and Health Inequalities Knowledge Network (EMCONET), part of the WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health. We describe the Brazilian context of employment conditions, labor conditions and health, their characteristics and causal relationships. The social, political and economic factors that influence these relationships are also presented with an emphasis on social inequalities, and how they are reproduced within the labor market and thereby affect the health and wellbeing of workers. A literature review was conducted in SciELO,

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Van der Laan, L. "Regional Differentiation in Trade Union Density." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 2 (1993): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a250255.

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In general, regional economic analysis of trade unions is particularly directed at the effects of labour unions, whereas the conditions and causal aspects which influence the presence of labour unions in regions are studied far less. In this paper an attempt is made to fill part of this gap in knowledge by means of an analysis of the causes of the regional differentiation in labour union membership in the Netherlands. A theoretical survey into the causes of variation in regional membership is reported on. Subsequently, the effects of the potential causes of this regional differentiation are an

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Lis, Catharina, Jan Lucassen, and Hugo Soly. "Introduction." International Review of Social History 39, S2 (1994): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002085900011291x.

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We have called this collection of essays Before the Unions. What exactly do we mean by (trade) unions and what preceded them? Exactly a hundred years ago Beatrice and Sydney Webb defined a trade union as “a continuous association of wage-earners for the purpose of maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment”. These permanent organizations of wage earners of the same occupation, according to most labour historians, started at a local level and tended to develop into national and sometimes even international unions and they formulated political as well as economic demands.

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Friedman, Gerald. "The Political Economy of Early Southern Unionism: Race, Politics, and Labor in the South, 1880–1953." Journal of Economic History 60, no. 2 (2000): 384–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700025146.

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Southern unions were the weak link in the American labor movement, organizing a smaller share of the labor force than did unions in the northern states or in Europe. Structural conditions, including a racially divided rural population, obstructed southern unionization. The South's distinctive political system also blocked unionization. A strict racial code compelling whites to support the Democratic Party and the disfranchisement of southern blacks and many working-class whites combined to create a one-party political system that allowed southern politicians to ignore labor's demands. Unconstr

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Kim, Changwook, and Sangkyu Lee. "Fragmented industrial structure and fragmented resistance in Korea’s digital game industry." Global Media and China 5, no. 4 (2020): 354–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436420932518.

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This article is part of the special issue Creative Labor in East Asia. By exploring specific politico-economic and institutional, conditions promoting actually existing precarity in Korean digital game labor, this study aims to examine how the industrial and institutional conditions of precarity affect digital game workers’ subjectivity. Under this theoretical and empirical consideration, the study first delineates how the rapid industrial transition to the mobile game market happens in relation to the Korean government’s deregulation policy on that particular market. It then scrutinizes the w

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Savkovic, Marina, and Jelena Gajic. "Youth in the contemporary labour markets: A comparison of European Union and Serbia." Sociologija 58, no. 3 (2016): 450–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1603450s.

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Youth unemployment in Serbia is almost twice as higher than it is the average of European Union member states. Assuming how certain similarity exists between Serbia?s and EU?s labour market, our objective is to identify these similarities and differences related to labour maket conditions. In this context, we are discussing following topics: unemployment indicators, labor market flexibility, qualitative labour market mismatch, work migrations of the youth, family legacy influence on employment outcomes and labor market policies. Based on comparative analysis of relevant researches and current

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SHVETS, Alexander. "MODERN ASPECTS OF LABOR MARKET REGULATION: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL CONTEXT." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 3 (2019): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-38.

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Introduction. The current trends in the development of socio-economic systems in a globalization dimension lead to an update of the labor market regulation system. In today's conditions in Ukraine, the expectations of the population to improve well-being and quality of life are linked to the exercise of the right to decent work. Reforming labor market regulation processes should ensure both the current internal needs of Ukrainian society and the realization of its European integration priorities. The purpose of the research is to develop modern principles of methodological basis of labor marke

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Adăscăliței, Dragoș, and Ștefan Guga. "Negotiating agency and structure: Trade union organizing strategies in a hostile environment." Economic and Industrial Democracy 38, no. 3 (2015): 473–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x15578157.

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This article investigates a case of successful union organizing in one automotive assembly plant in Romania. The authors argue that in order to explain why the union succeeds in defending workers’ rights there is a need to consider both structural and agency aspects that condition labor’s capacity to effectively defend their interests. The findings show that the union at the Romanian plant has made use of a diverse repertoire of protest activities in order to defend its worker constituency. The authors also discuss why as of late protests are less and less used by the union in response to the

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Siegelbaum, Lewis H. "The Condition of Labor in Post-Soviet Russia." Social Science History 28, no. 4 (2004): 637–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012876.

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Labor (meaning both wage workers as well as their collective representation) in Russia was a major loser in the decade following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Aggregate data on prices, average wage and pension levels, wage arrears, and unemployment indicate a serious decline in workers’ standard of living that is unprecedented in the post-World War II era, while strike data show an upsurge in this form of worker militancy during the mid-1990s but a decline thereafter.This article seeks to explain both why these developments occurred and what prevented workers from adequately defending thei

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Williams, Naomi R. "Sustaining Labor Politics in Hard Times: Race, Labor, and Coalition Building in Racine, Wisconsin." Labor 18, no. 2 (2021): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15476715-8849568.

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Abstract This article explores the shifting politics of the Racine, Wisconsin, working-class community from World War II to the 1980s. It looks at the ways Black workers’ activism influenced local politics and how their efforts played out in the 1970s and 1980s. Case studies show how an expansive view of the boundaries of the Racine labor community led to cross-sector labor solidarity and labor-community coalitions that expanded economic citizenship rights for more working people in the city. The broad-based working-class vision pursued by the Racine labor community influenced local elections,

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Tierney, Robert. "Inter‐ethnic and labour‐community coalitions in class struggle in Taiwan since the advent of temporary immigration." Journal of Organizational Change Management 21, no. 4 (2008): 482–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810810884876.

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PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the class dimensions of racism in Taiwan against temporary migrant workers and migrants' efforts to build inter‐ethnic and labour‐community coalitions in struggle against racism.Design/methodology/approachAn important source of data for this study were the unstructured interview. Between September 2000 and December 2005, more than 50 temporary migrants and their support groups in Taiwan were interviewed, specifically about migrants' experiences of racism and their resistance strategies. These interviews were conducted face‐to‐face, sometimes with the assistanc

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Volkova, K. S. "ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL UPGRADING OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS." International Trade and Trade Policy 7, no. 1 (2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2021-1-52-61.

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The issue of overexploitation in developing countries in the era of Global value chains (GVC ) is directly related to the question of the relationship between the economic and social upgrading of countries in GVC. The relevance of this topic is due to its narrow representation in the scientific field, as well as the persistence of a low standard of labor force’s living in developing countries, despite the growth in labor productivity and the transition to the production of goods with higher added value. This article examines the problems faced by low-and medium-skilled workers in developing co

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Adăscăliței, Dragoș, and Aurelian Muntean. "Trade union strategies in the age of austerity: The Romanian public sector in comparative perspective." European Journal of Industrial Relations 25, no. 2 (2018): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680118783588.

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This article examines the impact of the economic crisis and its aftermath on collective bargaining, by comparing reactions to austerity policies of trade unions in healthcare and education in Romania. We develop an encompassing theoretical framework that links strategies used by trade unions with power resources, costs and union democracy. In a tight labour market generated by the massive emigration of doctors, unions in healthcare have successfully deployed their resources to advance their interests and obtain significant wage increases and better working conditions. We also show that in the

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Repullo Junior, Rodolpho, and Jorge da Rocha Gomes. "Brazilian union actions for workers' health protection." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 123, no. 1 (2005): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802005000100006.

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CONTEXT: Many authors have emphasized the importance of worker strength through unionized organizations, in relation to the improvement of working procedures, and have reported on the decisiveness of labor movement actions in achieving modifications within the field of work and health. OBJECTIVE: To describe the ways in which Brazilian unions have tried to intervene in health-illness and work processes, identifying the existence of commonality in union actions in this field. TYPE OF STUDY: Qualitative study. SETTING: Postgraduate Program, Environmental Health Department, Faculdade de Saúde Púb

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DiGrazia, Joseph, and Marc Dixon. "The Conservative Upsurge and Labor Policy in the States." Work and Occupations 47, no. 4 (2019): 439–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0730888419876970.

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During the early- to mid-2010s, there was a dramatic upsurge in conservative legislation restricting labor unions in U.S. states. The sweeping Republican victories at the state level in the 2010 midterm elections certainly enabled this legislative surge, though not all states controlled by conservative governments passed such legislation and there was considerable variation in the number of laws passed among states that did. Understanding the conditions under which restrictive labor laws are passed is important for labor scholarship as well as broader academic debates on corporate power and po

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Contrepois, Sylvie, and Steve Jefferys. "Trade unionism under challenge from offshoring and globalisation." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 11, no. 4 (2005): 549–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890501100406.

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Trade unionism in western Europe is facing the growing challenge of the relocation of work to other parts of the world. This article focuses on the major banking trade unions in France and the UK. It discusses the unions' responses to globalisation in a sector where information technology has exposed firms to intense competitive pressures and has encouraged not just relocation but also business mergers and concentration combined with widespread outsourcing. The authors find that there is often a tension between the day-to-day defence of the workers and broader trade union aspirations to develo

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Berlemann, Michael, and Klaus W. Zimmermann. "Trade Unionists in Parliament and Macroeconomic Performance: Evidence from Germany." Economic and Labour Relations Review 22, no. 3 (2011): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530461102200307.

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This article focuses on the role of unionised members of parliament. While unions have a direct effect on the labour market via wage negotiations, they often also take part in political debates. In many countries, significant shares of the members of parliament are also members of a trade union. However, up to now little empirical evidence is available on the extent to which unionised members of parliament try to achieve union-specific goals and thereby influence the macroeconomic conditions of an economy. A recent study for Germany comes to the conclusion that union members in the Bundestag c

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Tatuzov, V. "Free Migration of Factors of Production: EU Experience." World Economy and International Relations 64, no. 12 (2020): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-12-63-69.

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The article is devoted to the European Union’s single market of labor and capital. A critical approach is being set out with respect to the EU experience in this area (taking into account COVID 19) and the possibilities of its use today in the economy of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Certain Russian authors expected unstable and insufficiently favorable development of the economic and political situation abroad for many years, as well as the negative impact of this on the Russian economy in a number of works published by them 5–10 years ago. In particular, it i

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Chernykh, Ekaterina A. "The Quality of Platform Employment: Unstable (Precarious) Forms, Regulatory Practices, Challenges for Russia." Level of Life of the Population of the Regions of Russia 16, no. 3 (2020): 82–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2020.16.3.7.

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Under the influence of a number of economic, technological and demographic drivers, platform employment has radically increased in the world over the past decade. The regulation of platform employment is an important issue concerning the labor market as a whole and its individual actors. Currently, regulation is provided by the platforms themselves. Such forms of regulation can lead to unfair competition between platforms, the problem of confidentiality of personal data, information asymmetry. Despite the potential of digital labor platforms in terms of providing new employment opportunities,

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Scolnik, Fernando. "Grassroots Labor Organizations in Metropolitan Buenos Aires, 2003–2007." Latin American Perspectives 42, no. 2 (2014): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x14551139.

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During the 1990s, the Argentine working class was hard-hit by the neoliberal offensive, which reversed many of the gains previously won. The decade saw a serious degradation of living conditions and an increase in inequality as a consequence of unemployment and precarious work. After the economic crisis of 2001, labor unions were strengthened by a decline in unemployment and the reactivation of collective bargaining. At the same time, the crisis generated a questioning of the traditional union leadership and the emergence of grassroots organizations (internal committees and bodies of delegates

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Andrae, Gunilla, and Björn Beckman. "ASR FORUM: ENGAGING WITH AFRICAN INFORMAL ECONOMIES." African Studies Review 56, no. 3 (2013): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2013.85.

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Abstract:In January 2012 a broad spectrum of popular groups staged an unprecedented protest against the removal of what has been termed a “subsidy” on fuel prices by the Nigerian government. The participation of tailors in this national political event suggests that self-employed artisans were prepared to transcend their narrow nonpolitical agenda to promote their interests and demands for decent social and economic conditions. Interviews with participating organization representatives in Lagos indicate the supportive role of alliances with labor unions and organized informal workers at large.

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Magnússon, Gylfi, Inga Minelgaite, Erla S. Kristjánsdóttir, and Þóra H. Christiansen. "Here to stay? The rapid evolution of the temporary staffing market in Iceland." Veftímaritið Stjórnmál og stjórnsýsla 14, no. 2 (2018): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13177/irpa.a.2018.14.2.7.

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In recent years there has been a significant shortage of workers in Iceland. The traditional method of arranging temporary work, through direct contracts between employees and employers, has not sufficed. Moreover, there is a skills mismatch that compounds the shortage of workers as the sectors that have grown most rapidly in recent years mainly employ unskilled labor. This study examined the historical background of temporary work in Iceland, recent developments and in particular the growing importance of temporary staffing agencies, as well as the economic rationale for temporary staffing ag

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Rosner, David, and Gerald Markowitz. "A Short History of Occupational Safety and Health in the United States." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 5 (2020): 622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305581.

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As this short history of occupational safety and health before and after establishment of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) clearly demonstrates, labor has always recognized perils in the workplace, and as a result, workers’ safety and health have played an essential part of the battles for shorter hours, higher wages, and better working conditions. OSHA’s history is an intimate part of a long struggle over the rights of working people to a safe and healthy workplace. In the early decades, strikes over working conditions multiplied. The New Deal profoundly increased the

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DUFOURT, FRÉDÉRIC, TERESA LLOYD-BRAGA, and LEONOR MODESTO. "INDETERMINACY, BIFURCATIONS, AND UNEMPLOYMENT FLUCTUATIONS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 12, S1 (2008): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100508070211.

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We incorporate imperfectly insured unemployment in the finance constrained economy proposed by Woodford (1986), by introducing unions and unemployment benefits financed by labor taxation. We show that this simple extension of the Woodford model changes drastically its stability conditions and local dynamics around the steady state. In fact, in contrast to related models in the literature, we find that, under constant returns to scale in production: (i) indeterminacy always prevails in the case of a unitary elasticity of substitution between capital and labor and (ii) flip and Hopf bifurcations

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Harcourt, Mark, and Geoffrey Wood. "Is there a future for a Labour Accord in South Africa?" Capital & Class 27, no. 1 (2003): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030981680307900106.

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Foreign experience suggests that strong unions with close connections to the state can use political exchanges to mould social and economic policies to more readily reflect the needs of labour. South African unions could conceivably form a similar pact with the African National Congress by agreeing to moderate their demands for wage increases and to cooperate in the restructuring of the economy in exchange for pro-labour policies. Given persistent inequality and a rich tradition of social protest, it could be argued that neo-corporatism represents an unnecessary compromise in the South African

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PETRUSHKA, Olena. "Foreign experience of financial support of citizens in case of unemployment." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 10 (October 26, 2020): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.10.4.

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Introduction. Unemployment, as one of the world's economic problems today, significantly affects the material, social and professional level of the working population. Payment of unemployment benefits is one of the measures of social support of citizens by the state. Such social benefits are twofold, as on the one hand they replace lost earnings, and on the other one they will be perceived by the state regulation of labor resources. The purpose of the paper is to study and borrow positive experience of social insurance in case of unemployment in different countries of the world in accordance w

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Sabea, Hanan. "Still Waiting: Labor, Revolution, and the Struggle for Social Justice in Egypt." International Labor and Working-Class History 86 (2014): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547914000222.

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In his first televised address as prime minister on March 2, 2014, Ibrahim Mehleb reiterated what has become a familiar term of state rhetoric used to contain labor unrest, widely referred to as “the wheel of production” (‘agalat el-intag) discourse. The true meaning of the “wheel of production” iteration was expressed in Mehleb's call on “Egyptians to help rebuild the nation and halt strikes and protests.” When representatives of the state—or state-allied political actors, including some labor unions—proclaim that the “wheel of production must turn” in response to strikes and other labor demo

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Yerbolatov, Ye. "Working hour’s standards: the Eurasian economic union states legislation review." Fundamental and applied researches in practice of leading scientific schools 31, no. 1 (2019): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33531/farplss.2019.1.47.

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The study of working hours standards and its description in a comparative legal aspect have not been carried out in modern conditions by experts in the field of labor law although many researchers paid attention to the problem of legal regulation for working time. Working time is a multi-rated category. Currently, the issue to control working time legally is acquiring a new aspect. In terms of the global financial crisis, employers increasingly resort to use various types of working hours. Effective use of working time, introduction rational work and rest, special working hours (total control

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KANATOV, Renat K. "Regulation of Combining Brokerage Activities in the Securities Market in the Legislation of the EAEU Countries." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 10, no. 7 (2019): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v10.7(45).07.

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This research is devoted to the analysis of legal norms on combining brokerage activities in the securities market with other types of entrepreneurial activity in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. Recently, consideration of issues of harmonization of the legislation of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union has gained particular importance in conditions of ensuring freedom of movement of goods, services, capital and labor, pursuing a coordinated, consistent or uniform policy in economic sectors within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union; the formation of a single mar

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Graham, Harry. "Union Mergers." Relations industrielles 25, no. 3 (2005): 552–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/028154ar.

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The author stresses the importance of reexamining the structure of the American labor movement, which has to face changing economic and social conditions, and depicts the main difficulties which hinder changes in the actual system. His line of study bears specifically on the possibility of union mergers, which seems to be the most practical solution to the present structural inadequacies in unionism.

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Risager, Bjarke Skærlund. "Prekæritet og prekariat:." Slagmark - Tidsskrift for idéhistorie, no. 71 (June 1, 2015): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/sl.v0i71.107307.

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This article reviews the theoretical and political history of the concept of precarity, used to describe various forms of insecurities, primarily those related to conditions of labor, employment, and wage. Precarity and the related neologism precariat have recently gained ground in Anglophone intellectual and political discussions. It is the premise of the article that, with an increasingly globalized economy, discussions and movement action based on precarity may be of growing importance in a Danish context. The aim of the article is to show how the history of these concepts has unfolded in s

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Isaac, Joe. "Australian Labour Market Issues: an Historical Perspective." Journal of Industrial Relations 40, no. 4 (1998): 690–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569804000410.

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This paper provides an historical perspective on topics related to recent developments in the Australian industrial relations system discussed in this issue of the Journal— the 'living wage' concept and the safety net, 'fairness' in relative wages, women's wages, the Accord, labour market decentralisation and the role of trade unions. It concludes that recent legislation was not necessary to facilitate increased productivity because the prevailing system had shown sufficient responsiveness to the needs of the economy, both macro and micro. By limiting the jurisdiction of the AIRC and reducing

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Cseh Papp, Imola, Norbert Bozsik, and Erika Varga. "A review of the tendencies and challenges in the European Union labour market." Contemporary Research on Organization Management and Administration 6, no. 2 (2018): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33605/croma-022018-013.

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Purpose – The paper presents the phenomenon of the past decade (2008-2018) that shaped the labour market all over Europe and also points out the differences lying beneath with the changes generated in the post-crisis period. In the context of this study this literature review is intended to provide a theoretical background for the development of a piece of research revealing the new labour market phenomena. Design/methodology/approach – The study first examines theoretical frameworks, solutions, and their practical operation through international experience. Findings – The economic crisis, ini

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Kovács, Ilona, João Dias, and Maria da Conceição Cerdeira. "Young Workers’ Perceptions of Trade Unions in Portugal." Hors-thème 72, no. 3 (2017): 574–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041098ar.

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This paper seeks to capture how unions are perceived by young workers in Portugal and to identify different types of perceptions. Our analysis considers both structural factors and subjective experiences and is based on semi-structured interviews with young people working in sectors with a high concentration of youth employment. The fact that young workers are increasingly exposed to the pressures of unemployment and precarious work might suggest that there is homogeneity in their perceptions about trade unions and collective action. However, our results show that young workers’ perceptions ar

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Mуkhalchenko, Hanna. "The improvement of management of social and labor relations as one of the directions of economic development." Social and labour relations: theory and practice 8, no. 2 (2019): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/slrtp.8(2).2018.06.

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The article deals with the main problems in management of social and labor relations, which are vital for economic development. The relevance of the research in accordance with the attempts of Ukraine to get closer to European standards of quality of life while minimize existing demographic problems, increasing inequality, impoverishment of the population, deterioration in the quality of labor resources is proved. The purpose of the research is to identify the main problems of social and labor relations related to employment of the population and to justify ways to improve their management and

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Mathekga, Mmanoko Jerry. "Fighting the battles of the mine workers: The emergence of the Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU)." African Journal of Employee Relations (Formerly South African Journal of Labour Relations) 39, no. 2 (2019): 190–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2520-3223/5878.

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The Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU) was formed in post-apartheid South Africa. AMCU organises workers in the mining and construction sector. The importance and relevance of AMCU in democratic South Africa should not be de-emphasised, given the high levels of labour exploitation by mining companies. The mining sector is regarded as a crucial engine for economic growth and social development. AMCU, as the mining and construction labour movement, plays an important role in ensuring that its members are well represented, work in decent working conditions and are not exploi

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