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1
Kumar, Radha, Ganthimathi Sekhar, Ananthi N, and Kalyani M. "Clinical profile, laboratory investigations and outcome in dengue positive children in south India." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL2 (2020): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl2.2197.
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Dengue fever is one of the most commonly occurring mosquito borne-viral illnesses that has a wide range of presentation in children and is common during the monsoon season. The severity of illness ranges from mild undifferentiated fever, dengue with warning signs, severe dengue fever and dengue fever with organ dysfunction. The symptoms of dengue may be easily mistaken for those of flu or other viral infections. Contrary to other fevers, complications in dengue occur during the phase of defervescence and can be life threatening in children due to shock or profuse hemorrhage. 55 dengue positive children who were diagnosed by dengue antigen detection or dengue antibody positive were included in the study. Most of children were above 10 years and the commonest presenting symptoms were fever, headache, body pain, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain and vomiting. Most of the children presented with two or more warning signs like persistent vomiting, thrombocytopenia, increasing hematocrit and hepatomegaly. Few children developed features of early shock, which was diagnosed early and treated effectively. All the children responded well to treatment measures and recovered well during hospital stay. Having a high of suspicion and careful monitoring of children is crucial for reducing occurrence of complications and death due to this severe infection.
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Karthiga Serane, Vikneswari, Jothimani Pradeep, Selvaraj Stephen, and Palanisamy Soundararajan. "Spotting the spotted fever." Biomedicine 39, no. 2 (2020): 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v39i2.209.
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With a surge in rickettsial infections in our country, there is an apparent necessity to upgrade the laboratory expertise to detect the same. We were able to arrive at a diagnosis of rickettsial Spotted fever in a child who presented with fever and rash with the support of appropriate investigations.
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Behera, Suresh, D. K. S. Subrahmanyam, Jyoti Bajpai, Akshyaya Pradhan, and Abhishek Singh. "Clinical and etiological spectrum of prolonged fever and special reference to HIV patients at a tertiary care centre." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 7 (2018): 2243. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182454.
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Background: Prolonged fever is a diagnostic challenge and will tend to remain so in times to come because of the changing spectrum of etiologies and influence of technology, environmental changes, and many other ill-understood factors which influence the etiological spectrum. Prolonged fever is also undergoing change in its duration. The aim of the present was study to determine the etiologies of prolonged fever in patients in India and to evaluate the clinical and etiological relationship between the diagnosis and patient’s laboratory data.Methods: Patients aged more 13 years with fever >38.3ºC for more than three weeks without apparent source after preliminary investigations were included prospectively over a period of twenty two months. Fever duration, symptom, signs, laboratory investigations and final diagnosis were recorded. The distribution of etiologies and age, fever duration, laboratory examinations, and associated symptoms and signs were analyzed.Results: Out of total of 86 patients were enrolled, fifty one (59.3%) were men. The median age was 28 years (range, 13-65 yr). Among 86 patients, diagnosis could be made in only 69 (80.2%) patients. Infections, neoplasms, NIIDs, miscellaneous causes were responsible for prolonged fever in 42 (48.8%), 18 (20.9%), 6 (7%), and 3 (3.5%) patients respectively. Seveteen (19.8%) cases remained undiagnosed, even after relevant investigations, six of them recovered spontaneously. Tuberculosis (TB) was the cause of prolonged fever in 21 (24.4%) patients.Conclusions: Infections, amongst which tuberculosis, remain the major cause of prolonged fever and its subset: fever of unknown origin (FUO), in this country. The percent of undiagnosed cases appears to be identical worldwide.
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Ward, M., M. Boland, N. Nicolay, et al. "A Cluster of Legionnaires' Disease and Associated Pontiac Fever Morbidity in Office Workers, Dublin, June-July 2008." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/463926.
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In June and July 2008, two office workers were admitted to a Dublin hospital with Legionnaires' disease. Investigations showed that cooling towers in the basement car park were the most likely source of infection. However, positive results from cooling tower samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) did not correlate with subsequent culture results. Also, many employees reported Pontiac fever-like morbidity following notification of the second case of Legionnaires' disease. In total, 54 employees attended their general practitioner or emergency department with symptoms of Legionnaires' disease or Pontiac fever. However, all laboratory tests for Legionnaires' disease or Pontiac fever were negative. In this investigation, email was used extensively for active case finding and provision of time information to employees and medical colleagues. We recommend clarification of the role of PCR in the diagnosis of legionellosis and also advocate for a specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of the milder form of legionellosis as in Pontiac fever.
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Sultana, Safia, Md Abdoullah Al Maruf, Rabeka Sultana, and Shahanaz Jahan. "Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteric Fever: A Review Update." Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 3, no. 2 (2017): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjid.v3i2.33834.
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The diagnosis of typhoid fever on clinical presentations alone is difficult, as the presenting symptoms are diverse and similar to those observed with other febrile illnesses, especially during the first weeks of the infection. Therefore, laboratory-based investigations are essential for supporting the diagnosis of the disease. The gold standard for diagnosis of typhoid fever is the isolation of Salmonella typhi from appropriate samples including blood, bone marrow aspirates, stool, urine and rose spots. This facility is not available in many areas where the disease is endemic. Serodiagnosis depends upon the 100-year-old Widal test, and other serological diagnostic tools have limitations because of their low sensitivity and/or specificity. The development of molecular methods for diagnosis of infectious diseases, including typhoid fever has improved the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis. One of the molecular methods, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most sensitive and rapid method to detect microbial pathogens in clinical specimens. Antigen detection has not been investigated for well over three decades and detecting an immune response specific for typhoid fever has been done only with antibody detection. There is an urgent need for the rational design and evaluation of effective and appropriate diagnostics for typhoid fever which must include the emerging threat of S. typhi. However, monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility patterns will ensure that signs of developing resistance are detected early and that the appropriate action is taken. Therefore, this present review has been designed to describe the different diagnostic procedure of typhoid fever. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;3(2):43-51
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Shoemaker, Trevor R., Luke Nyakarahuka, Stephen Balinandi, et al. "First Laboratory-Confirmed Outbreak of Human and Animal Rift Valley Fever Virus in Uganda in 48 Years." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, no. 3 (2019): 659–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13535647.
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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In March 2016, an outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) was identified in Kabale district, southwestern Uganda. A comprehensive outbreak investigation was initiated, including human, livestock, and mosquito vector investigations. Overall, four cases of acute, nonfatal human disease were identified, three by RVF virus (RVFV) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and one by IgM and IgG serology. Investigations of cattle, sheep, and goat samples from homes and villages of confirmed and probable RVF cases and the Kabale central abattoir found that eight of 83 (10%) animals were positive for RVFV by IgG serology; one goat from the home of a confirmed case tested positive by RT-PCR. Whole genome sequencing from three clinical specimens was performed and phylogenetic analysis inferred the relatedness of 2016 RVFV with the 2006-2007 Kenya-2 clade, suggesting previous introduction of RVFV into southwestern Uganda. An entomological survey identified three of 298 pools (1%) of Aedes and Coquillettidia species that were RVFV positive by RT-PCR. This was the first identification of RVFV in Uganda in 48 years and the 10th independent viral hemorrhagic fever outbreak to be confirmed in Uganda since 2010.
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Shoemaker, Trevor R., Luke Nyakarahuka, Stephen Balinandi, et al. "First Laboratory-Confirmed Outbreak of Human and Animal Rift Valley Fever Virus in Uganda in 48 Years." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, no. 3 (2019): 659–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13535647.
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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In March 2016, an outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) was identified in Kabale district, southwestern Uganda. A comprehensive outbreak investigation was initiated, including human, livestock, and mosquito vector investigations. Overall, four cases of acute, nonfatal human disease were identified, three by RVF virus (RVFV) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and one by IgM and IgG serology. Investigations of cattle, sheep, and goat samples from homes and villages of confirmed and probable RVF cases and the Kabale central abattoir found that eight of 83 (10%) animals were positive for RVFV by IgG serology; one goat from the home of a confirmed case tested positive by RT-PCR. Whole genome sequencing from three clinical specimens was performed and phylogenetic analysis inferred the relatedness of 2016 RVFV with the 2006-2007 Kenya-2 clade, suggesting previous introduction of RVFV into southwestern Uganda. An entomological survey identified three of 298 pools (1%) of Aedes and Coquillettidia species that were RVFV positive by RT-PCR. This was the first identification of RVFV in Uganda in 48 years and the 10th independent viral hemorrhagic fever outbreak to be confirmed in Uganda since 2010.
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Zishan, Asma, Almur Abdullah Alabri, Bakshi Surrinder Kumar, Mohammad Kamal, and Nasir Shakilli. "A case of fever of Unknown Origin (FUO): Problems, Pitfalls and Eventually Diagnosis." Indian Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 6, no. 1 (2019): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijmhs.2347.9981.6119.6.
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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) or pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) is a real medical issue at times. Modern investigations can help in diagnosing but in some rare cases, it remains a medical challenge. Patients and clinicians are worried about unexplained fevers. Causes of most of the fevers is identified and approach to diagnosis in such cases is usually related to history, physical examination and basic laboratory clues. The correct approach in such cases is to follow clues and start with the least invasive evaluation. This will help in avoiding unnecessary harm and cost to the patient. Miscellaneous conditions also cause FUO.
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Gupta, Swati. "Laboratory Approach to the Management of Clinical Emergencies: A Diagnostic Series." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 1, no. 01 (2009): 027–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2727.54805.
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ABSTRACTThis article emphasizes on the laboratory investigations that may play a significant role in the prompt management of the patient. Hence, other conditions where laboratory investigations will not play a major role are not included in this article. An attempt has been made to highlight certain issues wherein we can prevent inadvertent ordering of tests to minimize the burden on the overworked emergency laboratory, without compromising patient care. The conditions that will be dealt here include: acute chest pain, acute abdominal pain, road traffic injuries, acute respiratory distress, high grade fever, vomiting, loss of consciousness, poisoning and laboratory accidents, and lastly occupational exposure to potential biological hazards.
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Tomic, Dusan, Edita Stokic, Vesna Turkulov, and Tatjana Ivkovic-Lazar. "Fever of unknown origin: A case report of brucellar discitis." Medical review 60, no. 1-2 (2007): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0702077t.
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Introduction Febrile episodes of unknown origin lasting for two weeks require detailed investigation by various medical specialists. Fever of unknown origin is most commonly caused by infections, malignancy, colagenosis and in 5-10% of cases, despite detailed diagnostic assessment, the cause remains unknown. In cases of fever of unknown origin, the diagnostic procedures are difficult and complex. Case report This is a case report of brucellar discitis in a female patient treated at the Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases with a diagnosis of fever of unknown origin. Her laboratory findings revealed high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia and high gamma globulin fractions. The patient underwent radiology examination and a suspicion of infection was defined, which was later confirmed by additional tests. Conclusion Despite the fact that the diagnostic investigations of patients with fever of unknown origin are complex and time consuming, detection of the cause is of utmost importance and it is a prerequisite for successful therapy.
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Chowdhury, Sabikun Nahar, Md Nazrul Islam, Md Mahabubur Roshed, Md Mokter Hossain, and Sukumar Saha. "Laboratory Parameters of Dengue Infection in a Medical College Hospital." Medicine Today 34, no. 1 (2022): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v34i1.58679.
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Introduction & objective: Dengue is an acute illness caused by Aedes mosquito, commonly caused by Aedes aegypti. It is an endemic disease in South East Asian countries especially in Bangladesh. In 2019 a outbreak occurred in Bangladesh. The objective of the study was to see the laboratory parameter and outcome of dengue fever in a tertiary medical college hospital. Early diagnosis and laboratory investigations is essential to prevent the mortality associated with this disease. Materials & Methods: This prospective study was conducted on dengue ward at Khulna medical college hospital from 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2019. The diagnosis of dengue infection was confirmed by serology. Sera were processed by dengue ELISA. Investigations like haemoglobin estimation, haematocrit, platelet count, total count; differential leukocyte count, peripheral smear, coagulation profile were performed. Results: Total number of cases was 98. Of them 62 (63.2%) was male and 36 (36.73%) was female. Fever was most common (100%) manifestation and duration of fever ranges from 5 to 8 days with a mean duration of 6.31 (± 0.95) days. Blood for NS1 was positive in 90 (91.83% ) cases; most cases 71 (72.44%) become positive between 2nd to 4th day. 90 (91.83%) cases developed thrombocytopenia and it starts at 5th day in 45 (45.91%) cases. Anti IgM was positive in 4 (4.08%) cases; 2 at 4th day and 2 at 5th day of illness. IgG was positive in case at 8th day of illness. Conclusion: These findings help physicians in early diagnosis of dengue by suspecting these features as of dengue and can prevent morbidity and mortality associated with dengue. Medicine Today 2022 Vol.34(1): 61-64
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TEIXEIRA, Ana Beatriz Marinho de Jesus, Elba Cristina Sá de Camargo ETCHEBEHERE, Mariana Cunha Lopes de LIMA, et al. "Gallium-67 imaging in a patient with paracoccidioidomycosis: a case report." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 42, no. 3 (2000): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652000000300011.
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A 26 year-old female was admitted with abdominal pain, fever and weight loss. The clinical and laboratory investigations led to the diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis. Gallium-67 whole body images correlated well with the clinical course of the disease and with the patient's prognosis.
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Bhatia, Sacha, Bindee Kuriya, Lynfa Stroud, Anita Rachlis, and Neill KJ Adhikari. "A Patient with Microcytic Anemia and Fever." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 17, no. 6 (2006): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/673435.
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A 62-year-old man with a history of mechanical aortic valve insertion and ascending aorta replacement in 1997 presented to his family doctor in August 2004 with a two-week history of melena after recently returning from a six-month vacation in Mexico. The patient had no other abdominal complaints. He took warfarin but did not take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, acetylsalicylic acid or alcohol. The patient had no history of liver or peptic ulcer disease. He had lost 7 kg over the past month, but did not complain of fever or night sweats. On physical examination, vital signs were normal, the second heart sound was mechanical, and there were no abnormal findings. Laboratory investigations showed a borderline microcytic anemia (hemoglobin 76 g/L; mean corpuscular volume 79 fL; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 323 g/L), a therapeutic international normalized ratio (2.6) and an elevated creatinine level (112 µmol/L). His stool was positive for occult blood, although the ferritin level was high (623 µg/L). Other routine blood work was normal. The patient was admitted to hospital for investigation of the anemia.
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Tulika and Kumar Sinha Sanjeev. "A Prospective Study to Examine the Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Typhoid Fever in Children Under 18 Years Age in Bihar Region." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 13, no. 4 (2021): 430–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14228634.
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<strong>Background: </strong>Enteric fever, also known as typhoid, is a common worldwide bacterial disease caused by the ingestion of contaminated food or water which contains the bacterium Salmonella enterica, serovar Typhi. It disproportionately affects children with varied clinical presentations ranging from a mild illness with low grade fever to severe life-threatening complications. <strong>Aim</strong>: To evaluate clinical and laboratory profile of typhoid fever in children of Bihar region. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: Total 150 children aged below 18 years who presented in 2 years to the Department of Pediatrics, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India with history of fever of more than 7-10 days duration were included in this study. In each case, age, sex, presenting complaint, past medical history, laboratory investigations including Widal test and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are collected and analyzed. <strong>Results</strong>: Out of sample population of 150, 90 (60 %) were males and 60 (40 %) were females. Out of all these patients, maximum cases (58 %) were from age group of 7-12 years of age. The most common symptoms were fever (100 %), followed by anorexia (71.33 %). We observed high incidence of typhoid fever in lower class (28.67 %) and lower middle class (48 %), lesser in upper middle-class society (14 %) and least in upper class (9.33 %).]. The most common physical findings found in our study was toxic look (68.67 %) followed by coated tongue (62.67 %) and hepatomegaly (40 %). <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Typhoid fever should be suspected and investigated in all children with short and long duration fever without localizing signs. Early diagnosis and institution of appropriate antibiotics therapy is of paramount importance in the management of typhoid fever.
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Pant, Vivek, Santosh Pradhan, and Vijay Kumar Sharma. "Unexplained Fatigue in an Otherwise Healthy Man Linked to Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease, A Case Report." Nepalese Medical Journal 4, no. 1 (2021): 454–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v4i1.38222.
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Kikuchi histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a benign and self-limited illness usually characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. We present a case of a 42-year male who complained of extreme fatigue for 2 weeks. On laboratory workup, he had leucopenia and thrombocytopenia with normal peripheral blood and bone marrow examination. The radiological investigation revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the left axilla and left supraclavicular region. The subsequent excisional biopsy of the axillary node clinched the diagnosis of Kikuchi- Fujimoto disease. The patient was completely recovered and laboratory parameters were normal with supportive treatment. Kikuchi- Fujimoto disease should be considered in patients with unexplained fatigue with lymphadenopathy and early biopsy prevents unnecessary investigations as well as potentially harmful treatments.
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Smith, Beverly J., and Michael DD McNeely. "The Influence of an Expert System for Test Ordering and Interpretation on Laboratory Investigations." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 8 (1999): 1168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.8.1168.
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Abstract Background: The Laboratory Advisory System (LAS) is an expert system interface that works interactively with clinicians to assist them with test selection and result interpretation throughout the laboratory investigation of a patient. Methods: To study the influence of the LAS on laboratory investigations, a repeated-measures experiment using clinical vignettes was conducted. To collect baseline data on how laboratory investigations are currently conducted, clinicians investigated one-half of the vignettes using a conventional (noncomputer) approach. To determine the influence of the LAS on clinicians’ behavior, the other half of the vignettes were investigated using the LAS. Results: Clinicians using the LAS (compared with conventional practice) ordered fewer laboratory tests during the diagnostic process (mean, 17.8 vs 32.7), completed the diagnostic workup with fewer sample collections (mean, 5.8 vs 7.5), generated lower laboratory costs (mean, $194 vs $232), shortened the time required to reach a diagnosis (mean, 1 day vs 3.2 days), showed closer adherence to established clinical practice guidelines, and exhibited a more uniform and diagnostically successful investigation. Conclusion: The LAS enhances the outcome of the investigation and improves laboratory utilization.
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Badabagni, Raghava, and Rajesh Kumar Sethi. "Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever in hospitalized children among South Indian population." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 6 (2018): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20184292.
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Background: Dengue fever is currently regarded globally as one of the most important mosquito-borne viral diseases. Children suffering from dengue fever shows a large variation in clinical features and laboratory parameters. This study was focused to evaluate the clinical presentation, associated laboratory and radiological profiles that may be useful to diagnose dengue fever.Methods: Prospective observational study including 500 children with serological positive dengue fever admitted in a tertiary care hospital in South India.Results: In this study mean age of presentation of children with dengue fever was 8.4±1.2 years with male predominance. The incidence of children presenting with DF, DHF and DSS was 61%, 23% and 16% respectively. The most common symptom was fever in 100% patients followed by vomiting in 69%, abdominal pain in 64.2%, bleeding manifestations in 43% and periorbital pain in 28.8% of patients. The NS1 was positive in 39.2% cases, dengue IgM in 29% of cases and IgG positive in 30.4% cases. By ultrasonography it was observed that 34% of patients had ascites, 28% with pericholecystic edema, 12% with bilateral pleural effusion, 10% with right sided Pleural effusion and hepatomegaly and 5% with splenomegaly. The most common cause of death was cardiorespiratory arrest secondary to DIC.Conclusions: Detection of Ns1 antigen to diagnose dengue is proposed to be superior when compared to antibodies detection. It is also concluded that diagnosis of dengue should be made comprehensively by clinical examination with supporting laboratory and radiological investigations.
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Nirav, Parmar, Solanki Hiral, Bajaniya Ramesh, and Dangi Ashwin. "A Study of Clinical Profile of Dengue Fever in Children at a Tertiary Care Centre in Kalol Town of Gandhinagar District in Gujarat, India." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 12 (2023): 759–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11193323.
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<strong>Background and Aim:</strong> Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern, particularly in tropical regions. This prospective observational study aimed to comprehensively analyze the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and outcomes of dengue fever cases in a specified geographic area. <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Ananya College of Medicine and Research, Kalol, Gandhinagar, India, from September 2022 to August 2023. A total of 53 cases were enrolled, with demographic distribution reflecting a prevalence of patients from nearby village areas. <strong>Results:</strong> The clinical presentation exhibited the hallmark symptom of fever in all cases, accompanied by symptoms such as body ache, headache, retroorbital pain, abdominal pain, and breathlessness. Laboratory investigations demonstrated hematological abnormalities, including leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia. Serological analysis revealed positive IgM antibodies and NS1 antigen, aiding early diagnosis and confirming recent infection. Complications included abnormalities in prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, hemorrhagic manifestations, and raised hematocrit levels. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study provides a comprehensive understanding of dengue fever’s clinical manifestations, laboratory features, and outcomes in the studied region. The findings contribute to existing knowledge, facilitating improved clinical management and public health strategies. Further multi-center studies are recommended to validate these observations and enhance their applicability.
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Sujitha, Katari, M. Dorasanamm, and M. V. Nagabhushana. "The clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 6, no. 5 (2019): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20193625.
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Background: Dengue fever is one of the most common acute viral illness associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Recently, there is an alarming rise of dengue in India. This study was undertaken to know the clinical profile and laboratory findings during the evolution of dengue fever.Methods: A total of 120 patients of dengue fever who were NS1 antigen or IgM dengue positive, admitted to medical wards of Narayana Medical College, Nellore included in the study. Thorough clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations performed in all patientsResults: Males were commonly affected (72.4%). Fever was the most common presentation (100%), followed by headache (96%) myalgia (94%), abdominal pain (24.46%), and retro-orbital pain (12.45%). Malena was the most common hemorrhagic manifestation. Laboratory findings include varying degree of thrombocytopenia in all patients, leukocytopenia (30.52%), increased hematocrit (>45%) (67.59%) and deranged liver function test (58.33%)Conclusions: Early diagnosis, monitoring, and prompt supportive management can reduce mortality in dengue. Atypical presentations of dengue should be kept in mind, which may cause a delay in the diagnosis. Increased community awareness and vector control measures need to be strengthened during the peri-monsoon period to reduce the burden of dengue cases.
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Shwetangi Kharjule, Tapas Bhaduri, and Swati Vedpathak. "Role of Champakadi Agad and Jwaraghna Kashaya in Dengue Fever - A Case Study." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 10, no. 3 (2025): 440–46. https://doi.org/10.21760/jaims.10.3.69.
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Dengue Fever is a Mosquito transmitted viral (flavivirus) disease. 400 million cases & 22000 death occurs due to dengue fever across world yearly. In West Bengal, 67271 cases with 30 deaths occurred in 2022 which was highly noted among all the states of India. Clinical features of Dengue fever are quite similar with Dandak Jwara and Vata-Pittaj Jwara explained in our classical texts. Specifically, Dhatugat Avastha of Jwara (~Fever) was precisely mentioned in our classics. Dengue fever toxins transmitted through mosquito bite in human body was correlate with Keeta Vish (~insect toxin). Primarily aim was to minimize the symptoms of Dengue are fever, rash, arthralgia, myalgia, headache. Secondary objective was to increase in platelet count & to avoid complications like Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. In this case study young female patient was came with symptoms - Fever for 2 days, rash all over body, Itching, headache & body pain. According to laboratory investigations thrombocytopenia was seen & her Dengue NS1 was positive. Treatment protocol was Jwarahar (~antipyretic) & Keetavishaghna (~antitoxic). Jwaraghna Kashaya (~antipyretic decoction) & Champakadi Agad was orally given to the patient. Disease progress was analysed by clinical symptoms & laboratory parameters. The combine use of medicine with Pathya Kalpna (~dietary regimen) showed significant result in minimize fever, enhancement of Platelet count. Keetavishanghna & Jwaraghna Chikitsa were alleviating the symptoms of Dengue & found to be highly effective against the progression of disease.
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Rahman, Mohammad Masudur, Mujammel Haque, Mohammad Imnul Islam, Mohammad Jamal Uddin, and Shahana Akhter Rahman. "Sweet Syndrome: A Rare Skin Disorder in Children." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 45, no. 3 (2022): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v45i3.62895.
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Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by fever, neutrophilia, raised and painful plaques on the skin of the face, neck, limbs, and histologically by dermal infiltration of neutrophils. Here, we present a ten-year-old boy who presented with fever and multiple skin lesions for 15 days. On examination, he was febrile and presented with multiple nodular, tender, erythematous rash on face and limbs. Laboratory findings revealed raised inflammatory markers with neutrophilic leukocytosis, skin biopsy showed hyperkeratosis and neutrophilic infiltration of the dermis. Typical history, laboratory investigations including skin biopsy findings were suggestive of diagnosis of SS. Prolonged fever and characteristics skin lesions in any child should be suspected for this rare syndrome. It should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in the day-today clinical practice for effective management of this rare disease.
 BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (3) : 172-174
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Ganesh Vijay, Sidhu Niyamat, Modi Poornima, and Singhal Leena. "The silent killer: ARDS in scrub typhus patients." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 1 (2024): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2024.12.1.0151.
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Rickettsial diseases are an important cause of fever of acute onset and short duration. Transmitted by mites , rickettsial infections are an important differential when treating patients with fever exposed to such an environment. The common clinical manifestations include apart from fever, a viral rash, presence of eschar, evidence of loss of fluid in third spaces like pleural effusion and ascites. Laboratory investigations that favour rickettsial infections include presence of thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hyponatremia, hypoalbuminemia. These findings on investigations should prompt a clinician to investigate for rickettsial infections particularly scrub typhus. Although the classical clinical picture is as described above, children can present with unusual presentation due to multiorgan failure resulting in a myriad of clinical presentations like respiratory distress, encephalitis etc. A high index of suspicion should be kept in such cases of multiorgan involvement for investigation and treatment of scrub typhus which is an easily treatable cause of multiorgan failure. METHODOLOGY: after taking informed consent from parents, we reviewed four cases of children between 7 to 10 years who presented in a tertiary care hospital with the complaint of fever of acute onset and subsequently developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). They were subsequently diagnosed as scrub typhus and showed good response to doxycycline. CONCLUSION: scrub typhus as a cause of acute respiratory distress must be kept in mind in children presenting with acute onset fever. Although pathognomic, presence of an eschar does not predict the severity of disease. Definitive tests for scrub typhus may be negative in the initial phase of illness and must be interpreted with caution when dealing with such cases.
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Ghaly, Sara A. A. M., Sabila G. Mousa, Doaa M. Z. Abo Shady, and Hanaa A. E. A. Elhassan. "Study of cases of fever of unknown origin in Damanhur Fever Hospital." Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls 5, no. 2 (2021): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_87_21.
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Background Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a syndrome that has long tested the skills of physicians to achieve a diagnosis in affected patients. Patients included in this syndrome will be more difficult to diagnose as they have already resisted classification during baseline investigations. Aim To study the characteristics of cases of FUO attending Damanhur Fever Hospital and to explore the different diagnostic types of fever among them. Patients and methods The present study is an observational analytical hospital-based cross-sectional study. This study was carried out on 70 patients more than or equal to 18 years old who met the criteria of Durack and Street for classic FUO. All participants were subjected to a questionnaire that included data about their sociodemographic characteristics, and smoking and alcohol consumption, in addition to a complete history taking and the results of routine laboratory and image investigation. Results Mean age of the patients was 33.32 with 10.82 standard deviation (sd) and range 18–58 years. Males accounted for 65.7% of the patients, and 75.7% of them were residing rural area and 41.7% were farmers. Most of the patients (74.3%) were smokers, whereas the majority (94.3%) were nonalcoholics. Infectious diseases accounted for 82.9% of the diagnosis of FUO, whereas 7.1% of the patients were diagnosed as having noninfectious inflammatory diseases, and 10% of them presented with neoplasm. Brucellosis was found among 24.3% of the patients, whereas arthritis and rheumatic fever accounted for 2.9% of the patient for each, and leukemia was found among 5.7% of them. Conclusion The main characteristics of the patients represented with FUO were middle age males who were residing in rural area, worked as farmers, and were smokers and nonalcoholics. Infectious diseases were the main cause of FUO, and brucellosis was the commonest cause of infectious type of FUO.
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R., Vanitha, Ananthy Shri T.R.R., and Rajkumar. "A Study of Predictors in Outcome of Fever with Thrombocytopenia in Children upto 12 Years." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 12 (2023): 736–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11193192.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Fever with thrombocytopenia is one of the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children <12 yrs. There are various infectious causes for fever with thrombocytopenia including deadly dengue fever and bacterial sepsis. Various studies have showed that there are many prognostic factors which are very useful in predicting the outcome. These factors also alert the treating paediatrician in taking many crucial decisions like whether to treat the case as opd or to admit and treat aggressively. Based on this aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory parameters in predicting the outcome of children with fever with thrombocytopenia below 12 years. <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>All the patients between 1month to 12 years presenting with the complaints of fever (>99.9degree F) with thrombocytopenia (less than 1,50,000/μL) were included in the study . Pre structured proforma was used to obtain information from the parents which includes general characteristics and blood parameters, after getting consent, detailed history, clinical details and investigations were collected and entered in the proforma. Blood investigations, Ultrasonogram abdomen and chest findings was recorded. Outcome was assessed as morbidity in the form of only fever, fever with bleeding and fever with shock. <strong>Results:</strong> Among 100 cases taken in our study, 62% children had only fever. 15% children had fever with bleeding. 23% children had fever with shock. 31% of children admitted with respiratory distress. Among admissions 55% children admitted with platelet count less than 1lakh. 86% children had ascites. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Late visit to hospital with prolonged fever and warning symptoms influence poor outcome in these children. Children presenting with altered sensorium, respiratory distress, abdominal distension, hepatomegaly and dehydration had poor outcome as bleeding and shock. Chest X-ray, Ultrasonagram chest and abdomen revealing pleural effusion and ascites at the time of admission showed more morbidity. Children with Positive C-Reactive protein at the time of admission and serology positive for Dengue had more morbidity as bleeding and shock.
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Ali, Md Asif, Mohammad Imnul Islam, and Shahana Akhtar Rahman. "CANDLE Syndrome: Case Report of a Rare Type of Auto- Inflammatory Disease." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 44, no. 3 (2021): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v44i3.52711.
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CANDLE syndrome (chronic atypical neutophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature) is an autoinflammatory disease/syndrome characterized by recurrent fever, skin lesions, and multisystem inflammatory manifestations. Most of the patients have shown mutation in PSMB8 gene. Here, we report a 9-year-old girl with recurrent fever, atypical facies, widespread skin lesions, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepato-splenomegaly, lipodystrophy, and failure to thrive. Considering the clinical features and laboratory investigations including skin biopsy findings, diagnosis was consistent with CANDLE syndrome. Therefore, it is recommended to consider CANDLE syndrome in a young child who presents with recurrent fever, characteristics rashes, organomegaly and failure to thrive.
 Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :174-177
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Dominic, Melvin, Hari Hara C. Sudhan, Karthik Narayan, et al. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical Profiles and Complications Associated with Fever with Thrombocytopenia." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 8 (2021): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/87.
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BACKGROUND Fever is the commonest cause of thrombocytopenia that narrows the differential diagnosis and management of fever. The complexity of thrombocytopenia and its control can also be determined through fever. Lack of proper surveillance system and limited laboratory services pose a definite challenge for a perfect diagnosis leading to case management primarily based on clinical manifestations. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 patients attending outpatient department of Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College & Hospitals, during the period of April 2017 to September 2017 (6 months). In patients with fever with thrombocytopenia, a careful history was recorded, general physical examination, laboratory and technical investigation reports were noted down from regular investigations. Culture sensitivity and serology were considered as primary outcome variables. The continuous data was expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and for independent sample “t” test was used to compare the data. A probability value (“P” value) of ≤ 0.05 at 95 % confidence interval was considered as statistically significant using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). RESULTS The mean age was 44.73 ± 21.18 years in the study population. 39 (43.33 %) were males and 51 (56.67 %) were females. The average period of stay in the hospital was 8.84 ± 5.73 days; the most common chief complaint was chills & rigors seen in 65 (72.22 %) patients. The most commonly observed comorbidity in the patients was diabetes mellitus. The mean and SD of platelet count was 91522.22 ± 32265.13 per µL. 21 (23.33 %) people had dengue. The mean platelet count at discharge was 192215.19 ± 49481.85 per µL. CONCLUSIONS The commonest cause is infection, for fever with decreased platelet count. A significant number of cases of febrile thrombocytopenia were diagnosed as sepsis in the present study. KEYWORDS Infection, Dengue, Septicaemia, Petechiae / Purpura, Spontaneous Bleeding, Fever
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Banerjee, Abhra, Uttam Kumar Paul, and Arup Bandyopadhyay. "Diagnosis of dengue fever: roles of different laboratory test methods." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 2 (2018): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20181076.
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Background: Dengue fever is currently the most important arthropod borne viral disease. Since occurrence of dengue infections has been an epidemic in many parts of India and complications like DHF and DSS are increasing, while at the same time the diagnosis is challenging, particularly the laboratory diagnosis is confusing, this study was conducted to evaluate the different laboratory test methods and to compare their respective efficacy, timing, advantages and disadvantages.Methods: This study was done in the Department of Microbiology in collaboration with the Department of Medicine and Pediatrics in two tertiary care medical colleges and hospitals in eastern India. Blood samples from 319 patients with clinical features suggestive of Dengue fever were included in this study. Laboratory investigations were done which included immunological assays that were performed using commercially available kits - SD dengue duo NS1Ag + Ab combo rapid test, NS1 Ag capture ELISA, IgM capture ELISA, IgG capture ELISA test for dengue and other routine tests -full blood cell count, coagulation tests, routine biochemical and lipid profile were also done. Ethical considerations were taken care of and statistical evaluations were done.Results: An increased detection of IgM antibody (46.15%) was seen in the early febrile period (1-5 days) as compared to the mid-febrile period (6-10 days), and late febrile period (6-10 days) when it is 6.89%. IgG antibody is much less in early febrile period (4.16%). Compared to mid-febrile period (24.13%), and late febrile period (62.5%). IgM antibodies were detected in 44.5% of the samples, IgG antibodies were detected in 43.5% of the samples, Rapid test was positive in 36.9% and NS1AG ELISA was detected in 43.5% of the samples in the study.Conclusions: It can be inferred from our study that for detection of dengue in the early febrile period (1-5 days), estimation of dengue-specific serum IgM is the most sensitive antibody detection method.
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Hullatti, Channabasavaraj, Latha G. S., and Veeresh Babu B. V. "Hyponatremia: a diagnostic marker for the diagnosis of Rickettsial diseases." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 3 (2017): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20170993.
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Background: Rickettsial infections are re-emerging in Indian subcontinent, it is difficult to diagnose among children’s in seasonal conditions, an early recognition with clinical and laboratory findings give good response to treatment and avoid unnecessary investigations in limited resources.Methods: The case sheets of all 60 children’s aged <18 years were retrieved and reviewed retrospectively, who are both clinically and serologically confirmed as Rickettsial disease cases were included in this study.Results: Fever for more than 1week was the most common manifestation, followed by splenomegaly (40%), rash (33%), cough (30%), altered sensorium (16%), and seizures (10%). In laboratory investigation Hyponatremia (56%), elevated liver enzymes without significant rise of bilirubin (28%), hypoalbuminemia (28%), and thrombocytopenia (38%). Patients were treated with Doxycycline, Azithromycin. There was no mortality.Conclusions: Rickettsial infections are notoriously difficult to diagnose in seasonal condition, untreated cases can have fatality as high as 30-35%, when diagnosed, it is easily treated. Majority of case showed Hyponatremia, may be used as marker in limited diagnostic laboratory facilities.
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Arslan, Pelin, and Gürkan Karakuş. "Fever of Unknown Cause: A Case of Macrophage Activation Syndrome." Avicenna Anatolian Journal of Medicine (AAJM) 2, no. 1 (2025): 15–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15569678.
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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) in children is a challenging diagnostic problem, as it can be caused by a wide range of infectious, inflammatory, malignant, or genetic disorders. We present the case of a 12-year-old girl with persistent fever, arthralgia, and elevated inflammatory markers. Despite extensive infectious, oncological, and rheumatologic investigations, no underlying cause was identified. Laboratory findings revealed markedly increased C-reactive protein, ferritin, and D-dimer levels, and mild hepatomegaly. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) was suspected due to persistent fever and hyperferritinemia, and confirmed by bone marrow aspiration. The patient responded rapidly to intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose corticosteroids. This case emphasizes the importance of considering MAS in pediatric FUO and highlights the need for early recognition and treatment.
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Nasir, Idris, and Fatima Sani. "Outbreaks, Pathogen Containment and Laboratory Investigations of Lassa fever in Nigeria: How Prepared Are We?" International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 10, no. 1 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2015/19391.
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Mohd Sharif, Nur Hidayati, Nor Arisah Misnan, Norashikin Saidon, Phaik Yee Ooi, and Hilwati Hashim. "Spontaneous Spinal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: A Rare Complication of Dengue Fever." Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 2, no. 2 (2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v2i2.5888.
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A 37-year-old woman presented with a short history of fever and bilateral lower limb weakness. She also had impaired sensory function up to T4 spine level and lax anal tone. Laboratory investigations confirmed dengue infection with mild thrombocytopenia. MRI of the spine showed a spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage from the level of T4 till T9. Despite medical and surgical interventions, her lower limb weakness persists. A high index of suspicion is needed to recognise dengue-related neurological complications. This diagnosis should be considered in any patients from dengue endemic areas presenting with acute febrile illness with atypical neurological manifestations.
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Momot, N. V., Y. A. Kolina, and I. L. Kamliya. "PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER." Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 245, no. 1 (2021): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-245-1-112-116.
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As a result of laboratory investigations, the Rosselkhoznadzor Maritime Inter-Blast Veteri-nary Laboratory confirmed the presence of DNA from the African Pig Plague (ACS) virus in the wild and in private accessories in the Primorsky Territory. In all of 2019, 50 APC flares were recorded, although the province was previously consid-ered to be a APC success. Veterinary specialists of the Primorsky Krai region in April 2020 man-aged to eliminate all pockets of African plague of pigs. In April 2020, the Russian veterinary spe-cialists of the Primorskaya Krai region managed to eliminate all pockets of African pig plague. However, by mid-2020, Primorje experienced new outbreaks of APC, with 45 cases recorded by early autumn. The disease can occur at any time of the year. The source of the ACS causative agent is sick and sick pigs. Since the virus can spread not only with infected viral animals, including the incubation pe-riod, but also through various infected objects, the products of the infected pigs are particularly dangerous (meat, meat products, lard, blood, bones, hides, etc.). Virus-infected food and combat wastes used to feed pigs without careful venting have in most cases infected pigs with the African plague. Natural and legal persons who are the owners (owners) of pigs are obliged to carry out pre-ventive measures to prevent the emergence and spread of ACS.
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Meena, Vijay Kumar, Shyam Bihari Meena, and S. R. Meena. "A study of clinical and laboratory profile of dengue positive cases in hadoti region Rajasthan, India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2020): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201316.
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Background: Dengue fever is one of the most common arboviral mediated outbreaks reported with increased prevalence year after year with considerable morbidity and mortality in hadoti region. the aim to study various clinical and laboratory manifestations of Dengue fever admitted in MBS Hospital KOTA, with a diagnosis of Dengue fever according to WHO protocol from December 2018 to January 2020.Methods: Prospective observational study was undertaken among adult patients. 132 patients were studied and analysed. And diagnosis was confirmed with Dengue IgM ELISA test. Other routine investigations done were routine hematological and biochemical investigations.Results: A total of 132 cases, out of which 95 cases of Dengue Fever (DF), 34 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and 3 cases of Dengue Shock syndrome, out of which Male: Female ratio was 2.1. and mean age of presentation was 37. Fever and myalgia were the most common finding (100%) followed by arthralgia and headache. Pruritus was found in 21 cases (15.9%) which carried a significant difference between DF and DHF (p value <0.05). Among the laboratory features, thrombocytopenia and hematocrit were found to be statistically significant in DHF patients (p value <0.05). Mean platelet count was 0.71 lakhs/mm3. Leukopenia in 40(30.3%) cases. Raised Serum Aminotransferase level, AST (>40 IU/L) was seen in 39 cases (29.54%.). Pleural effusion was seen in 4 cases (3%), of which 3 cases of DHF and 1 case of DSS. Ascites in 6 cases (4.8%), all cases belong to DHF. Gall bladder wall thickening was seen in 28 cases (21.21%) of which 20 cases (54.04%) were of DHF. Melena was the most common bleeding manifestation. Skin rash was found to be positive in 40.5% cases. Hess test was positive in 4 cases (10.8% of DHF).Conclusions: Incidence of dengue fever is on the rise in hadoti region and one of the most important differential diagnosis of patients presenting with fever during monsoon and post monsoon seasons.
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Sultana, Humayra, Sultan Uddin, Rashidul Karim, et al. "Dengue Fever: Features and outcome among Pediatric patients." Journal of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital 25, no. 1 (2019): 40–42. https://doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v25i1.79952.
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Background: The gradual increase of Dengue fever among children of our country is a growing challenge of child health. Dengue fever causes considerable morbidity and mortality and a leading cause of hospitalisation during its outbreak. Therefore we aimed at a study of features and outcome of Dengue fever among children admitted in our hospital. Objectives: The objective of the study was to study the features and outcome of Dengue viral illness for better understanding and efficient management of the disease for improvement of child health service. Materials and methods: Between 4th September to 26th December 2018, we conducted this study among children admitted in Pediatric ward of Dhaka National Medical College Hospital. Diagnosis was established by careful history taking, Physical examination and suitable laboratory investigations. Clinical features, laboratory findings and treatment outcome were studied and subsequent statistical significance was analyzed. Results: Out of 108 study patients, 3 (2.78%) were <1 year of age, 44 (40.74%) were 1-5 year of age and 61 (56.68%) were above 5 years of age. Duration of fever was 1-2 days in 12 (11.11%), 3-5 days in 53 (49.07%) and >5 days in 39.81%, 33 children had fever <100° F (30.56%), 49 children's had fever 100-102° F (45.37%) and 26 (24.07%) had fever >102° F. There was cutanuous bleeding in 13 (9.26%), mucosal bleeding 6 (5.56%) and internal haemorrhage in 7 (6.48% ), Platelet count were>1,00,000 in 62 (57.04% ), 50,000-1,00,000 in 27 patients (25%) and <50,000 in 19 (17.59%). Classical Dengue fever, Dengue haemorrhagic fever and Dengue shock syndrome were 77%, 21% and 2% respectively. Conclusion: This study observes the clinical features, laboratory abnormalities and treatment outcome of those children who were admitted in pediatric ward of our hospital. Larger multicentral and long term study and evaluation of Dengue viral illness among our population will effect great impact in management of this disease. J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2019; 25 (01): 40-42
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Sundaraperumal, Ramkumar, and Rahul Yedpallikar Rajesh. "Unmasking Subacute Thyroiditis in a Young Male with PUO: A Case Report." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 45, no. 2 (2024): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v45.2.6476.
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Pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) poses a diagnostic challenge, defined as persistent fever exceeding 38.3°C (100°F) without an identified cause after extensive investigation. Subacute thyroiditis (SAT), an uncommon inflammatory condition of the thyroid gland, typically presents with neck pain, thyrotoxic symptoms, and elevated inflammatory markers. However, it rarely manifests as PUO without typical symptoms. We report a case of a 32-year-old Indian male presenting with a 20-day history of persistent fever without localized symptoms, initially treated empirically with antibiotics without improvement. Clinical examination revealed a firm, non-tender goiter, and laboratory investigations showed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Subsequent thyroid function tests indicated elevated free T4 levels with low TSH, suggestive of thyroiditis, after negative thyroid autoantibodies ruling out Graves' disease. Further investigations including imaging and tests for PUO were negative, prompting an empirical trial of steroid therapy which resulted in rapid clinical improvement. Subsequent thyroid function tests revealed transient hypothyroidism, resolving without intervention. Retrospectively, a diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis was established, highlighting its atypical presentation as PUO. Our case sheds light on the importance of considering uncommon thyroid pathologies in the differential diagnosis of PUO, especially when typical symptoms are absent.
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P, Venkateshwar. "A Study of clinical and laboratory profile of children presenting with febrile seizures in a teaching hospital." PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICAL RESEARCH 8, no. 1 (2020): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47799/pimr.0801.11.
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Background: Febrile seizures are the most common cause of convulsions in children. Although most febrile seizures are benign, the child must be evaluated immediately to reduce parental anxiety, to identify the cause of fever and preventable risk factors if any. It is essential to exclude underlying pyogenic meningitis, either clinically or if any doubt remains, by lumbar puncture. The present study evaluated the common risk factors associated with febrile seizures and the conditions causing fever commonly associated with febrile seizures, the morbidity profile and laboratory profile in children presenting with febrile seizures to identify preventable risk factors if any. Methods : n=50 Children in the age group of 6 months to 5 years admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagunoor, Karimnagar with Febrile Seizures diagnosed as per AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) guidelines, taken up for the study and compared with 50 other children in the same group with fever but without seizures. Both the study group and control were examined, investigated and compared against each other concerning the clinical and laboratory profile. RESULTS: In the present observational prospective study, the incidence of febrile seizures was more in children less than 24 months of age (78%), with a Male children Preponderance (58%). There were more children with Pallor (70%), Family History of Seizure Disorder (30%), and Consanguinity (38%) in children with Febrile Seizures. URI & Viral fever (44%) were the most common etiological factors for fever among the study group. On investigation, many children with Febrile Seizures had low Haemoglobin levels (60%) and Microcytic Hypochromic blood picture (58%). There was no significant abnormality in Total & Differential Leucocyte Count, Serum Calcium, Electrolyte, Random Blood Sugar levels among the Cases and Controls. Conclusion: Young age (<24 months), family history of febrile seizures and family history of epilepsy are risk factors for febrile seizures. Consanguinity among parents was an incidental finding in children with febrile seizures. Many children with febrile seizures had Microcytic Hypochromic anemia pointing towards iron deficiency thus iron supplementation to prevent anemia may lead to decreased incidence of development and recurrence of febrile seizures. Association of serious infectious diseases with febrile seizures is rare. Laboratory investigations should be directed towards the identification of the cause of fever and not an evaluation of seizure.
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Sever, M. Ş., A. TüRkmen, A. Yildiz, T. Ecder, and Y. Orhan. "Fever in Dialysis Patients with Recently Rejected Renal Allografts." International Journal of Artificial Organs 21, no. 7 (1998): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889802100711.
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Introduction Fever of unknown origin is a complex problem in dialysis patients with recently rejected renal allografts, due to the contribution of the newly withheld immunosuppressive agents to the immunosuppression of uremia, resulting in an atypical presentation of infections, a main cause of fever in these cases. Materials and Methods Two dialysis patients with recently rejected renal allografts who were hospitalized because of fever of unknown origin are reported. Biochemical, bacteriological and imaging studies were performed for specific diagnosis. Results Extensive laboratory investigations failed to yield any diagnosis and allograft nephrectomy was performed in one patient, with a probable diagnosis of inflammation of the allograft, which resulted in no improvement. Eventually, both patients were found to have adrenal insufficiency responsible for the fever, which improved after steroid replacement. Conclusions Adrenal insufficiency should be suspected in all dialysis patients presenting with fever and atypical symptoms, but only after other potential causes are eliminated; since steroid administration may normalize fever regardless of the etiology, it may mask the signs and symptoms and delay the treatment of other (if any) underlying disorder(s).
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Agbaakin, Adewale D., Ayodele M. Akinola, Adetola Rachael Adeyeye, and Chinonso B. Nkemjika. "Malaria induced sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a rare presentation." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 6 (2019): 1701. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20194954.
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<p>Sudden Hearing loss has been rarely reported as a presenting symptom of malaria fever. It’s even more rare to have a bilateral profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss. A 19 years old female student presented with fever, body weakness, hearing loss with tinnitus. Laboratory investigations done were essentially normal except blood film for malaria parasite which showed a high concentration of the parasite in blood on both occasions. Otoacoustics emission test was passed bilaterally while auditory steady state response showed profound hearing loss bilaterally. Normal hearing was restored within 48 hrs of commencement of anti-malaria drugs and low dose steroids. </p>
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Bhuiyan, Tahmid, Aditi Das, Abdur Rahim, and Mohammad Rafiqul Islam. "A case of unusual hemorrhage as a complication of dengue fever in a tertiary hospital in Dhaka." Journal of Medicine 25, no. 1 (2024): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v25i1.70537.
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Common bleeding complications of dengue hemorrhagic fever are epistaxis, gum bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, menorrhagia, hematuria.1 Major hemorrhage like intracranial hemorrhage have been documented but rare. We present here a case of a 24 year old man with complaints of high grade intermittent fever for 5 days, upper abdominal discomfort for 3 days and swelling of right upper limb for same duration. Laboratory investigations revealed a positive dengue serology, thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases. USG of the hand revealed a hematoma involving the right upper arm. The patient was managed conservatively with elevation and immobilization of the upper limb and recovered gradually. J MEDICINE 2024; 25: 100-101
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Hadi, Saifullah, and Rahmatzai Nasseemullah. "Description of Clinical, Laboratory Profiles and Models of Dengue Fever in Nangarhar University Teaching Hospital During an Outbreak." International Journal of Contemporary Research in Multidisciplinary 4, no. 1 (2025): 45–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14719605.
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<strong>Background: </strong>Four different strains of the virus cause dengue fever, and these are DEN1, DEN2, DEN3, and DEN4. the man was given by insects (Aedes). comes in two differences: dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue fever. A person who has acquired one of the serovars will never acquire that serotype again, but he or she loses immunity to the other three serotypes and is then more prone to contracting dengue hemorrhagic fever. At Nangarhar University Teaching Hospital, we studied the Clinical and laboratory Profiles and models of Dengue Fever. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This study used retrospective hospital-based research. Clinical and analytical data from 141 patients who sought treatment at a Nangarhar University teaching hospital between July 2022 and February 2023 after being diagnosed with dengue infection were analyzed. Because our research was retrospective, we collected the files of dengue fever patients and studied the clinical, and laboratory examinations and the model of dengue fever. All laboratory examinations of dengue fever patients were performed free of charge at Nangarhar University Hospital. In Nangarhar University Hospital, the RDT (rapid dengue test strip) test is used to diagnose dengue fever. This test is also called dengue combo, which is determined by this NS1, IGM, and IgG test. CBC laboratory examinations were also studied in the files of the patients, and the WBC and thrombocyte counts of the patients were also studied. The variables that we studied are Dengue fever clinical features, laboratory tests (NS1, IGM and IgG, WBC and thrombocytes count), age and gender of patients. and dengue fever models. Both men and women were included in this research, but Other infectious diseases were not included in the study. The data is analyzed by Excel and SPSS version 26. <strong>Result</strong>: There were 141 cases of dengue fever, with 114 (80.85%) males and 27 (19.85%) females. When they were divided into age groups, 81 (57.44%) of the patients were between the ages of 40 and 21, with 69 (48.93%) males and 12 (8.82%) females. There were 3 (2.20%) 60-year-olds, 2 (1.47%) of whom were men, and 1 (0.73%) of whom were women. About the symptoms, 141 patients (100%) experienced fever, 130 patients (92.19%) had myalgia, 120 patients (85.10%) had headaches, 3 patients (2.12%) had nausea and vomiting, and 2 patients (1.41%) had rash. individuals with dengue fever underwent laboratory investigations; NS1 124(87.94%) and IGM49 (34.79%) individuals tested positive. Patients with IgG (45.61%) tested positive. The dengue fever model indicated that 141 patients had the infection114 (80%) of the patients were males and 27 (19%) were females. The thrombocyte count in this model was ≥150000–50000, and the WBC count was 18500–2000.There were 27 (19.14%) in the DHF model, with 6 (4.25%) were women and 21 (14.89%) men. In this model, there were between 18500 and 3100 cases of thrombocytopenia and less than 20,000 WBC. One patient, a guy, had the DSS model; his thrombocyte count was 13000 and his WBC count was 6000. Approximately 80% of the dengue fever prevalence was in rural areas of Nangarhar and 20% in the population of Jalalabad city. case fatality rate (CFR) was 1.41% <strong>Conclusion</strong>: From this research, it seems that all dengue fever patients have fever, the incidence of dengue fever is high in men, and there are more accidents in the age group of 20–40 years old. In the laboratory diagnosis of the patients, NS1 is mostly positive, and in terms of the dengue fever model, the DHF and DSS models are more fatal. Failure to prevent it will cause the death of patientsږThe prevalence of dengue fever is higher in rural areas than in urban areas.
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Haque, Hasna Fahmima, Farhana Afroz, Samira Rahat Afroze, et al. "Dengue-Chikungunya Co-Infection: A Case Report from 2017-Chikungunya Outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh." BIRDEM Medical Journal 8, no. 1 (2017): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v8i1.35044.
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A case of dengue virus and chikungunya viruse co-infection is reported here. The patient had fever, severe generalized bodyache, arthritis as well as drowsiness. Laboratory investigations showed dengue-chikungunya co-infection. The objective of our report is to emphasize the co-existence of dengue and chikungunya in a clinical case and to aware the clinicians about chikungunya and dengue co-infection.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(1): 72-74
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S, Afshan, Mohamed Adil. A, and K. Sudhakar. "Characteristic Presentation of Dengue and Salmonella Typhi Infections in Suburban Remote and Endemic Zones Surrounding Higher Medical Centre - An Outline of Prognostication." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 10 (2023): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20231043.
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Background: In our study, we observed a high prevalence of infectious fevers, specifically dengue and typhoid fevers. The study was conducted in rural patients, as the specialty institute is located near the catchment area. Dengue virus is primarily transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, resulting in thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic shock. Salmonella, on the other hand, causes enteric infections along with high-grade fever and various complications. It is important to note that morbidity and mortality rates are significantly elevated in these aforementioned conditions. Aims & Objectives: Obtaining conclusive clinical laboratory diagnoses for Salmonella and Dengue infections is crucial in high-prevalence areas to improve treatment outcomes and reduce overall incidence. Creating strategies to identify and prevent Salmonella and Dengue, highly contagious bacterial pathogens and mosquito-borne viral disease. We aim to effectively address chronicity and morbidity by using a comprehensive diagnostic, treatment, and management approach. Materials & Methods: Study Area: Madha Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Kancheepuram. Type of Study: Retrospective data observational analysis Study Period: March 2018 to March 2019 Result: Our study provides valuable insights on fevers. Males represent 64.3% of the population, while females make up 35.7%. In terms of age groups, 0–14-year-olds make up 61.9%, 15–29-year-olds are 16.7%, 30–44-year-olds are 9.5%-, and 45–59-year-olds are 11.9%. Dengue fever is observed in 76.2% of cases, while Typhoid is observed in 23.8%. All cases involve fever and various accompanying symptoms, each with different percentages. Dengue investigations are done in 76.2% of patients, while S typhi is present in 23.8%. Patient management includes 20% receiving day care and 80% requiring admissions. Discussion: Clinical and lab investigations are used to evaluate the disease's clinical status. Dengue treatment includes symptom management, supportive care, and intensive care as needed. Precautions are taken to prevent multi-organ failure. Enteric fever is treated with targeted antibiotics to control transmission. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment, along with prompt implementation of measures to limit spread, offer multiple advantages, as stated in this study. Key words: Dengue, Salmonella Typhi Infections. Suburban Remote, Endemic Zones.
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Shashank, Tyagi, Rahaengdale Narendra, Shukla Nandini, and Ravi Kiran Vepada. "Analysis of Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Scrub Typhus Patients in Central India." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 10 (2023): 616–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11261530.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Scrub typhus is probably one of the most common underdiagnosed and under-reported febrile illnesses requiring hospitalization because of its non-septic clinical manifestations and lack of access to specific laboratory facilities. <strong>Aim:</strong> This study was undertaken to assess the clinical, hematological, and biochemical profile of the patients diagnosed with scrub typhus in our tertiary care teaching hospital. <strong>Materials & Methods:</strong> This was an institution-based, observational, and cross-sectional study, enrolled patients presenting with febrile illness and diagnosed as scrub typhus. We have asses their clinical features and laboratory investigations and compared with the non-scrub typhus patients. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 570 clinically suspected patients were analysed, out of that 104 (18.3%) found positive for Scrub typhus by serology<strong>. </strong>Majority of the patients (51%) were 21-50 years age group, predominantly female (52.9%). Fever, headache and nausea/vomiting were the most common symptoms. Liver and renal failure was the common complication of scrub typhus. Hemoglobin, total leukocyte counts, platelets counts, Random blood sugar, SGOT, SGPT, serum urea and creatinine were significantly difference between scrub typhus and non-scrub typhus patients (p<0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Increased awareness coupled with high index of suspicion amongst treating doctors with good knowledge of epidemiology and laboratory investigations is needed for an early diagnosis of scrub typhus.
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Semenova, L. Yu, та M. B. Kolesnikova. "Clinical and psychological characteristics and quality of life in teenagers with а long-lasting low-grade fever both associated and not associated with hypothalamic syndrome". Kazan medical journal 95, № 2 (2014): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2071.
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Aim. To describe clinical and psychological characteristics and quality of life in teenagers with a long-lasting low-grade fever associated with hypothalamic syndrome. Methods. Life history, objective status were assessed, clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations were performed, quality of life and psychological status were estimated throughout the study. Clinical and laboratory investigations included complete blood count, urinalysis, stool examination; blood immunochemistry for mycoplasma, chlamydia, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus; blood biochemistry; bacteriology of nose and the pharynx swabs. Instrumental investigations included skull and cervical spine X-Ray, neurophysiological examinations (electroencephalography, echoencephalography, rheoencephalography), cranial and cervical blood vessels ultrasonography. The quality of life was estimated using special pediatric questionnaires (proposed by Molchanova L.F., Izhevsk State Medical Academy). Psychological status was assessed by questionnaires of H. Eysenck (temperament assessment) and C.D. Spielberg (research of personal and situation anxiety). Results. All teenagers underwent a complex treatment according to diagnosis, including antimicrobial treatment in case of chronic infections, antimicrobial treatment and immunostimulators in case of upper and lower airway infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasma, correction of functional conditions of central nervous system (nootropics, vasoactive drugs, diuretics, anxiolytics, metabolic medications, hypotensives), massages, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, herbal treatment. After the course of treatment relapse of low-grade fever was 4-fold more often in teenagers with hypothalamic syndrome compared to those without. Teenagers with low-grade fever associated with hypothalamic syndrome had higher rates of melancholy, higher anxiety levels, leading to significant alterations of physical and mental health. Those changes may lead to mental and social adaptation problems, borderline social and family behavior, and increased rate of psychosomatic diseases. Conclusion. As it was revealed that relapsing low-grade fever might lead to reduced quality of life, further exacerbations of borderline mental problems, aggravate mental adaptation and social and family behavior problems, these teenagers require family and individual mental therapy, repeated treatment with nootropics, vasoactive drugs, diuretics, anxiolytics.
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Hafiz Muhammad Mubeen Nawaz, Rana Hanan, and Muhammad Javed Ashraf. "A Rare Case of Dengue Myocarditis: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management." Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC 5, no. 1 (2024): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v5i1.217.
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Dengue fever is a viral infection prevalent worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions and affects millions of people annually. It is associated with several complications, including rare yet significant cardiac complications, such as myocarditis. Myocarditis caused by dengue fever is challenging to diagnose and can be initially mistaken for acute coronary syndrome. This case report describes the diagnostic and management difficulties encountered by examining a young male patient who developed myocarditis as a complication of severe dengue fever. A 30-year-old male, a known smoker, presented to the emergency department with chest pain, diaphoresis, and hypotension. ECG indicated inferior wall ST-T changes. A physical examination revealed no abnormalities. The patient had a five-day history of fever and myalgia. The patient was initially diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and cardiogenic shock. Primary coronary angiography revealed no abnormal findings. Echocardiography revealed a decreased LV ejection fraction of 40% and global wall hypokinesia with normal chamber dimensions, necessitating further investigation of the etiology. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with dengue virus-induced myocarditis based on laboratory investigations. This case underscores the rarity of dengue-associated myocarditis and emphasizes the pivotal role of maintaining a high clinical suspicion index for early diagnosis and management. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of continuous case reporting to enhance our understanding and shape the evidence-based practices to address this uncommon complication.
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Jain, Pankaj, Om Prakash Meena, and Shivcharan Jelia. "Laboratory and clinical profile of dengue: a study from coaching city, Kota, India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 3 (2020): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20200785.
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Background: Dengue, an endemic disease in most subtropical and tropical regions of the world and it causes severe epidemics in India. Dengue is one of the most common acute viral illness associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to study laboratory findings and clinical profile of patients with dengue fever at a tertiary care hospital of coaching city Kota.Methods: This study was cross sectional study. The patients were examined at one point of time and later they were never followed which is similar to the cross-sectional study design. A total of 100 patients of dengue fever who were NS1 Antigen or IgM dengue positive, admitted to department of medicine of government medical college, Kota included in the study. Through clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations performed in all patients.Results: In the present study, there were 74 males and 26 females. The sex ratio was 2.8:1. Maximum number of males (50%) was in the age group of 15-25 Years. Among females the maximum (42.3%) were in the age group of 15-25 years. The most common presenting symptom was fever in all cases followed by headache in 96%. Among bleeding manifestation, Epistaxis, gum bleeding and melena (24%) were the common symptom. 47% patients showed hepatomegaly and 38% showed splenomegaly. 12% patients were anemic and 51% showed leucopenia while 93% showed thrombocytopenia.Conclusions: Males were commonly affected. Young age group of 15-25 was more commonly affected. Fever and headache were the most common presenting symptom. As dengue causes increased morbidity and mortality and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment for the proper management of these cases, this study helps physicians in early diagnosis of dengue by suspecting the features as of dengue and can prevent morbidity and mortality associated with dengue.
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Büyükoflaz, Hatice, and Muhammed Yaşar Kılınç. "RETROSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION OF ARTHRITIS CASES DETECTED IN CHILDHOOD." Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 26, no. 2 (2025): 94–99. https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.1291101.
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OBJECTIVE: In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the etiology of arthritis by examining the anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory tests of the patients between 01.01.2012 and 31.12.2014 in Karaman Training and Research Hospital Pediatrics Department. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of 101 patients were retrospectively analyzed. We recorded the results of laboratory investigations, including complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), blood culture, antinuclear antibody (ANA), antistreptolysin-O (ASO), rheumatoid factor (RF), Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) gene mutation, and serological tests including hepatitis viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, Salmonella, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumonia), Chickenpox, Epstein-Barr virus, parvovirus, Rubella, Yersinia,Campylobacter, Brucella, and microbiological tests such as culture were analyzed. RESULTS: The age at initial presentation ranged from 1 to 17 years (mean: 9.74±3.9). In our study, the M/F ratio of 101 patients was 1.4. Diagnostic analysis revealed that 32% of the patients had transient arthritis, 15% had juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 12% had acute rheumatic fever (ARF), 10% had IgA vasculitis, 8% had reactive arthritis (RA), 6% had Brucella arthritis, 6% had poststreptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA), 3% had Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), 3% had urticarial vasculitis, 2% had arthritis associated with Kawasaki disease, 2% had septic arthritis, and 1% had viral arthritis. In our study, 45.5% of the patients had a recent upper respiratory tract infection history. Leukocytosis was present in 42.4% of patients, elevated CRP in 45.5%, and elevated ESR in 54.8%. Joint involvement was acute (&lt;2 weeks) in 76.3% of patients, subacute (2-6 weeks) in 4.9%, and chronic (&gt;6 weeks) in 18.8%. The most common complaints were knee pain (57.3%) and ankle pain (31.6%). Additional symptoms included fever (36.6%), rash (15.8%), and muscle pain (6.9%). In patients with ARF, RA, and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), the knee was the most commonly affected joint, while the ankle was most frequently involved in patients with IgA vasculitis and FMF. CONCLUSIONS: In patients diagnosed with arthritis, the duration of symptoms, migratory or persistent nature of arthritis, the number of affected joints, associated symptoms, family history, physical examination findings, elevated acute-phase reactants, and additional laboratory tests are key factors may be helpful in the differential diagnosis. Although history and physical examination findings are very important in the diagnosis, laboratory findings are also valuable.
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Ghosh, Uzzal Kumar, Azmeri Sultana, Nobo Krishna Ghosh, Kazi Iman, Morsheda Khanam, and Madhabi Baidya. "Pattern of Co-infection with Dengue Fever: An Observational Study." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 44, no. 3 (2021): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v44i3.52709.
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Background: Dengue fever is a major public health problem in Bangladesh. Suspicion, attention, and early tests are necessary to identify concurrent illnesses with dengue. This study was assessed to find out the other infections associated with Dengue fever to minimize morbidity and mortality.
 Materials & Methods: Hospitalized patients with fever were initially selected. After clinical and laboratory evaluation, fever with dengue NS1 or IgM positive cases were included. Among the 175 dengue patients; during follow-up, some patients had a persistent high fever, cough, dysuria, appearance/deepening of jaundice,and other toxic features that could not correlate with dengue. Relevant investigations were done to find out the co-infections among them.
 Results: Co-infection was found in 13.1% cases, among 5to 13 years of age group with female predominance. Dengue NS1 was found positive in 39.1% and IgM positive in 60.9% of cases. Typhoid fever 39.1%, paratyphoid fever 4.3%, rickettsial fever 13%, HAV infection 26%, HEV infection 8.7%, UTI 4.3%, and bacterial pneumonia 4.3% were found among the cases of dengue fever as co-infection.
 Conclusion: The study shows that dengue patients are at a higher risk of having other infections. Thirteen percent of the dengue patients were found associated with different co-infection.
 Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :157-160
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Swaan, C., P. J. van den Broek, S. Wijnands, and J. E. van Steenbergen. "Management of viral haemorrhagic fever in the Netherlands." Eurosurveillance 7, no. 3 (2002): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.07.03.00338-en.
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Two cases of Lassa fever have been reported in the Netherlands since viral haemorrhagic fevers became notifiable diseases in 1978. In 1980, an expatriate from Burkina Faso who was not seriously ill was confirmed by laboratory tests after his discharge from hospital. The second case occured in 2000: the patient died on the 11th day of admission to hospital. The problems we faced in the management of this case and the contact investigation - more than one hundred contacts - highlighted the need for national recommendations in the Netherlands.
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Faragó, Péter, Zsanett Fricska-Nagy, Péter Klivényi, and János Tajti. "Rare complication of West Nile viral encephalitis." Ideggyógyászati szemle 74, no. 11-12 (2021): 430–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18071/isz.74.0430.
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In our case report, we are presenting a 72 years old male patient. The patient’s symptoms were fever, dizziness, general weakness at the time of admission. The laboratory and CSF tests revealed central nervous system inflammation. West Nile virus was identified from the cerebrospinal fluid. After the symptoms of infection and during supporting treatment, severe, progressing hyponatremia evolved with unknown pathology. According to previous investigations and our diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm cerebral salt wasting syndrome identified as occasion.