Journal articles: 'Laboratory technique of chemistry'

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Nesměrák, Karel, and Radek Chalupa. "Eponyms in Laboratory Equipment." Chemické listy 116, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 719–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54779/chl20220719.

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In the chemistry laboratory, we can find plenty of tools that bear the name of their creator. Such names are called eponyms. The article presents 72 of the most commonly used representatives of eponymic names in the laboratory technique. Their primary sources (where possible) and actual creators were identified by excerpting historical chemical literature including rare and not easily accessible items. The article shows that some eponymic names are not based on the name of the discoverer, but rather on the names of the manufacturers (e.g., Griffin beaker), the names of those who popularized the device (e.g., Liebig condenser), or who were associated with it because of their fame (e.g., Willstätter needle). Eponymic names in the laboratory technique are not only a legacy of the past and an important means of communication in contemporary chemistry, but they can also be used to communicate chemistry to students and lay people, using interesting stories hidden behind them. Full text English translation is available in the on-line version.

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Bond, Alan M. "Laboratory techniques in electroanalytical chemistry." Journal of Chromatography A 755, no. 2 (December 1996): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(96)00641-3.

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Achterberg, Eric P. "Laboratory techniques in electroanalytical chemistry." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 15, no. 10 (November 1996): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-9936(96)80740-0.

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Pungor, E. "Laboratory techniques in electroanalytical chemistry." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 4, no. 10 (November 1985): XXII. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-9936(85)87050-3.

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Türk, Fatma, Alipaşa Ayas, and Fethiye Karslı. "Effectiveness of analogy technique on students’ achievement in general chemistry laboratory." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2, no. 2 (2010): 2717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.402.

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Bradley, David. "Laboratory Profile: Teenage technique coming of age." Analytical Chemistry 70, no. 1 (January 1998): 22A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac981707v.

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Marshall, William J., and Peter E. G. Mitchell. "Total Parenteral Nutrition and the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 24, no. 4 (July 1987): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456328702400401.

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Parenteral nutrition is a well-established technique for feeding patients with intestinal failure and other conditions which render enteral feeding impossible. Biochemical tests are required in the initial assessment of these patients, for monitoring their response to treatment and for the detection and management of complications. The use of these tests is discussed critically and guidelines are provided for the frequency with which they should be performed. Chemical pathologists and clinical biochemists have an important role in the provision of parenteral nutrition as members of multi-disciplinary nutrition teams.

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Cerdà, Víctor, Jessica Avivar, and Amalia Cerdà. "Laboratory automation based on flow techniques." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 10 (June 27, 2012): 1983–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-11-14.

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Flow techniques have undoubtedly aroused special interest in relation to many other automatic methodologies of analysis. Ever since segmented flow analysis (SFA) was developed by Skeggs in 1957, flow techniques have been in continuous evolution toward new develop-ments. There is no solid argument in favor of using any particular flow technique separately; rather, substantial advantages can be derived from their combination. Since flow-based methods are nonseparative tools, the advantages of combining flow techniques with separation techniques are noteworthy. High selectivity can be achieved by coupling them with liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), or capillary electrophoresis (CE). Thus, a detailed description of flow techniques, their evolution, their hyphenation advantages, and a critical comparison between current developed methods exploiting flow techniques aimed at solving present analytical needs are reviewed in this article.

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Seery, Michael K., Hendra Y. Agustian, Euan D. Doidge, Maciej M. Kucharski, Helen M. O’Connor, and Amy Price. "Developing laboratory skills by incorporating peer-review and digital badges." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 18, no. 3 (2017): 403–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7rp00003k.

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Laboratory work is at the core of any chemistry curriculum but literature on the assessment of laboratory skills is scant. In this study we report the use of a peer-observation protocol underpinned by exemplar videos. Students are required to watch exemplar videos for three techniques (titrations, distillations, preparation of standard solutions) in advance of their practical session, and demonstrate the technique to their peer, while being reviewed. For two of the techniques (titrations and distillations), the demonstration was videoed on a mobile phone, which provide evidence that the student has successfully completed the technique. In order to develop digital literacy skills, students are required to upload their videos to a video sharing site for instructor review. The activity facilitated the issuing of digital badges to students who had successfully demonstrated competency. Students’ rating of their knowledge, experience, and confidence of a range of aspects associated with each technique significantly increased as a result of the activity. This work, along with student responses to questions, video access, and observations from implementation are reported in order to demonstrate a novel and useful way to incorporate peer-assessment of laboratory skills into a laboratory programme, as well as the use of digital badges as a means of incorporating and documenting transferable skills on the basis of student generated evidence.

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Obaya V, Adolfo E., Carlos Osorio G, and Yolanda Marina Vargas. "Writing as a teaching learning technique: an example in chemistry (molar solution)." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 1056–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v3i2.1034.

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Techniques are needed to train students in "writing to learn"., whose main goal is to "learn to write". This work aims to exemplify how writing can be a teaching learning technique in an example in Chemistry to develop a correct understanding of the preparation of molar solutions in the laboratory. It is essential that this is carried out in the classroom in a way that develops the reflective, analytical and cognitive skills of students. All this within an environment with safety measures at work.

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Agustian, Hendra Y., and Michael K. Seery. "Reasserting the role of pre-laboratory activities in chemistry education: a proposed framework for their design." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 18, no. 4 (2017): 518–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7rp00140a.

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In this article we summarise over 60 reports and research articles on pre-laboratory activities in higher education chemistry. In the first section of the review, we categorise these activities as follows. First are those intending to introduce chemical concepts, that typically take the form of a pre-laboratory lecture, pre-laboratory quizzes, and pre-laboratory discussion. Second are those intending to introduce laboratory techniques, that typically take the form of interactive simulations, technique videos, mental preparation, and safety information. Finally, a small number of activities intended to prepare students for affective aspects of laboratory work, in the form of enabling confidence and generating motivation are described. In the second section of the review, we consider a framework for design of pre-laboratory activities that aligns with the principles of cognitive load theory. We propose how the two tenets of such a framework – supporting learners in complex scenarios and provision of information necessary to complete tasks – can be considered for the case of preparing for laboratory learning. Of particular relevance is the nature of information provided in advance and that provided just in time, characterised as supportive and procedural information respectively. Finally, in the concluding section, we draw together the principles outlined in the framework and findings from reports of pre-laboratory work in chemistry to propose five guidelines for those wishing to incorporate pre-laboratory activities into their laboratory curriculum; an activity we argue has a significant literature basis for us to encourage.

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Eremenko, L. T., D. A. Nesterenko, V. A. Garanin, and V. P. Kosilko. "Development of improved laboratory technique for nicorandil synthesis." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 82, no. 10 (October 2009): 1776–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s107042720910005x.

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Rojas-Fernández, Antonia G., Leonor Aguilar-Santelises, Margarita Cruz Millán, Miguel Aguilar-Santelises, and Araceli García -del Valle. "Teaching chemistry with sustainability." Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences 4, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/muse.2017.6462.

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<p>Increased awareness on a critical association between the natural environment and human development gave rise multiple projects, aiming to protect the natural environment and to preserve it for future generations. Chemists must be acquainted with the principles of green chemistry and the need to practice experimental chemistry with cleaner chemical reactions and sustainability. This is a major concern for all the educators forming new professionals within the Chemistry, Pharmacology and Biology curricula in the Faculty for Higher Studies Zaragoza from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. With this in mind, we start our teachings explaining from the very beginning, how important it is to perform microscale techniques and to follow the principles of green chemistry in the Basic Science Laboratory. Furthermore, we have modified, designed and evaluated working procedures related with chemical synthesis, kinetics and calorimetry. By doing this, we managed to greatly reduce the amount of reagents required and residues generated. Some laboratory reagents have been substituted with renewable substances. We have also included in our programme a regular treatment of residues generated during everyday laboratory work. Our goal is to emphasize the importance of minimizing the environmental impact of chemistry and to prepare environmentally concerned professionals who keep sustainability as main priority and perform chemistry procedures with good laboratory practice routines.</p>

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Mestres, J. S., J. F. García, and Gemma Rauret. "The Radiocarbon Laboratory at the University of Barcelona." Radiocarbon 33, no. 1 (1991): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200013187.

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In 1983, the University of Barcelona, the Institut d'Estudis Catalans and the Department of Culture of the Generalitat de Catalunya agreed to establish a laboratory for radiocarbon measurement at the Analytical Chemistry Department of the University of Barcelona. The liquid scintillation technique was chosen for radiocarbon counting. The counting laboratory is in the basement of a six-story building.

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Luehrs, Dean C. "Improving Laboratory Technique When Titrating Silver Ion with Ethylenediammine." Journal of Chemical Education 72, no. 7 (July 1995): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed072p668.3.

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Lott, Peter F. "Electroanalytical techniques in clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine." Microchemical Journal 41, no. 1 (February 1990): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-265x(90)90106-f.

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Vadgama, P. M. "Electroanalytical techniques in clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine." Clinica Chimica Acta 182, no. 3 (July 1989): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(89)90120-4.

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G. Silberman, Robert. "Using Small Scale Techniques to Assess Laboratory Learning." Educación Química 11, no. 2 (August 30, 2018): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fq.18708404e.2000.2.66461.

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<span>The laboratory part of a chemistry courses is considered essential by most chemistry instructors, yet few instructors attempt to assess the laboratory learning with anything other than written lab reports. At best lab reports may only provide feedback on students observational skills, communication skills, and their ability to follow directions, skills that students should have, but are hardly the essence of laboratory training. Those instructors that do attempt to assess students laboratory skills often do so with paper and pencil exams.</span>

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Li, Da Yong, and Lei Shi. "The Technique of Recycling Alkaline Zincate Zinc Plating Waste Liquid in Laboratory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.580.

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It introduces a kind of technique method that recycling alkaline zincate zinc plating waste liquid in laboratory, involving the fields in electroplating and comprehensive utilization of waste liquid. This method is introduced that with adopting materials such as HCl, NaOH, H2O2, activated carbon, dithiocarbamate diethyl ester, chloroform, ammonia and baking furnace, incinerator, pH test paper, for treatment of the waste liquid through some processes like neutralization, filtration, chemistry precipitation, extraction, distillation, burning, so that some recycled substances in it can be reused such as distilled water, zinc oxide, and as to those can not be recycled, carry on the harmlessization handle by incineration or deep bury.

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Luque de Castro, Maria D., Jose L. Luque-García, and Eva Mataix. "Analytical Pervaporation: A Key Technique in the Enological Laboratory." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 86, no. 2 (March 1, 2003): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.2.394.

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Abstract This paper reviews the use of analytical pervaporation (defined as the integration of 2 different analytical separation principles, evaporation and gas diffusion, in a single micromodule) coupled to flow-injection manifolds for the determination of analytes of interest in enology; the review discusses the advantages that these techniques can provide in wine analytical laboratories. Special attention is given to methods that enable the determination of either of 2 volatile analytes, or of one volatile analyte and one nonvolatile analyte by taking advantage of the versatility of the designed approaches. In a comparison of these methods with the official and/or standard methods, the results showed good agreement. In addition, the new methods offer improvements in linear determination range, quantitation limit, precision, rapidity, and potential for full automation. Thus, this review demonstrates that although the old technologies used in wine analytical laboratories may be supported by official and standard methods, they should be replaced by properly validated, new, and automated technologies.

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Erdmann, Mitzy A., and Joe L. March. "Video reports as a novel alternate assessment in the undergraduate chemistry laboratory." Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. 15, no. 4 (2014): 650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4rp00107a.

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The increased use of video capable cellular phones to document everyday life presents educators with an exciting opportunity to extend this capability into the introductory laboratory. The study assessed whether students enrolled in a southeastern U.S. university's first-year laboratory course retained technical information at a higher rate after creating a technique video. These videos were created on hand-held video capable devices that students owned prior to enrolling in the course, eliminating additional cost to students. Pre-/post-test analysis (N = 509) was performed to determine short- and long-term learning gains regarding reporting the volume of graduated glassware to the proper number of significant figures. Though both groups used various graduated glassware throughout the term, chi-square analysis showed that students who created a video detailing use of a Mohr pipet reported the volume of graduated glassware correctly on the final exam and laboratory practical at a significantly higher rate than those students who received only verbal instruction on the technique.

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Chen, Qian, Yang Yang, Ka Ma Huang, Cheng Chen, and Kai Yong Wang. "A Permittivity Measurement Method Based on Cavity Perturbation Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 590 (June 2014): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.590.629.

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Effective complex permittivity measurements of materials are important in microwave engineering and microwave chemistry. This paper describes a convenient laboratory method designed to obtain the permittivity for some materials. The hole for temperature measurement has been designed. The permittivity of materials at deferent temperature can be measured. The measurement results of the real part and imaginary part of the permittivity agree well with literature data at 2.45GHz.

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Ningsih, Rizki Dwi, Evelin Natasyah, Sony Ananta, Prima Fitra, Ryrin Novianty, and Naila Rahma. "PEGASUS : PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN CHEMCOLLECTIVE'S VIRTUAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY." Jurnal Pengabdian UntukMu NegeRI 3, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jpumri.v3i1.1309.

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PEGASUS (the application of technology using the Chemcollective’s Virtual Chemistry Laboratory) is a process of learning modern techniques by using computer simulations based on understanding chemistry. The purpose of this method is to understand a subject and solve the solution to the limitations or absence of laboratory equipment. The advantage of this simulation method is that access is easy, flexible, safe and does not require expensive fees. The results of the application of Vlab show that it is very helpful for students in understanding chemistry learning especially in lab analysis, this is evidenced from the post test results which are significantly higher than the pretest given at the beginning of the activity so it can be concluded that the application of Chemcollective’s Virtual Chemistry Laboratory is very good for introduced and studied further. Keyword: chemistry, laboratory, simulation, Chemcollective’s

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Dorji, Kuenzang, Sonam ChhodenR, Kinley Wangchuk, Sonam Zangpo, Shacha Tenzin, Chenga Dawa, Puja Devi Samal, et al. "Routine clinical chemistry and haematological test reference intervals for healthy adults in the Bhutanese population." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): e0273778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273778.

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Laboratory medicine plays a critical role in the modern healthcare system, and it is reported to influence 60–70% of clinical decision makings. The quantitative laboratory test results are interpreted by comparing to the Reference Intervals (RIs) and therefore the use of appropriate RIs is critical. Clinical laboratories in Bhutan have been randomly using RIs from textbooks and manufacturer’s package inserts without even verifying their applicability and therefore lessening their contribution to clinical decision makings. To improve the healthcare service delivery in Bhutan, this study aims to establish routine clinical chemistry and haematological test RIs for healthy adults in the Bhutanese population. Out of 1150 (male, n = 570; female, n = 580) healthy Bhutanese adults listed for the study through a simple random sampling technique, 1002 (male, n = 405; female, n = 597) individuals were assessed and 815 (male, n = 372; female, n = 443) individuals were enrolled in the study. An adequate volume of venous blood was drawn from these participants with the use of standard phlebotomy technique for clinical chemistry and haematological analysis. The laboratory data were analysed with the use of statistical methods recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. After excluding the test results indicating underlying pathology and statistically detected outliers, a maximum of 775 (male, n = 346; female, n = 429) and 784 (male, n = 351; female, n = 433) individuals test values were eligible for clinical chemistry and haematology RIs establishment respectively. Statistically, there were no significant differences between age groups of same-sex for both test categories; however, significant differences between sex were observed for various test parameters in both test categories. Our RIs are generally comparable to other published literature. The established RIs are applicable to all the adult Bhutanese population; however, clinical laboratories should validate the transference of these RIs before using them for clinical purposes.

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Mistry, Nimesh, and Stephen G. Gorman. "What laboratory skills do students think they possess at the start of University?" Chemistry Education Research and Practice 21, no. 3 (2020): 823–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9rp00104b.

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To be able to design a laboratory course it is important to know what laboratory skills students possess before the course starts. This way the course can focus on developing skills in areas that are lacking. Despite the extensive literature on laboratory education, there are few studies on what laboratory skills students have at this stage of their education. In this work, we aimed to address this by surveying students’ percieved knowledge, experience and confidence of a range of laboratory competencies at the start of a chemistry degree. Our key findings were that students percieved to have knowledge, experience and confidence of performing lower-order competencies such as practical techniques, but lacked the knowledge, experience and confidence to perform higher-order competencies such as designing experiments. From our results, we propose that instructors should be aware that experiments focussing on certain practical skills may not teach students how to perform that technique but are providing more experience and confidence. We also propose instructors should use laboratory courses to teach higher-order skills such as experimental design and problem-solving where these skills are more evidently lacking.

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Vijayan, Ajith Mohanavilasam. "Different Applications of 3D Printing in The Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Fields." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.h9135.0611722.

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In the modern chemistry laboratory, three-dimensional (3D) printing is becoming the most important part over time. This technique helps chemists with the potential to design, print, and prototype functional devices that combine analytical and/or catalytic functionalities and as well as to print general laboratory teaching and hardware aids. Although the availability of 3D printers has increased substantially, some principles of design and considerations of material requirements to be estimated by weight before employing this type of technology in the laboratories of chemistry. Also, a fixed level of expertise requires to be obtained to utilize CAD (computer-aided design), software for printing, and the hardware specialist related to the instrumentation of higher-end. Nevertheless, the recent development in this area is providing, with these technologies of printing rendering various advantages over the general methods of production. This paper reviews various applications and advances of this technology in the field of chemical, biological and pharmaceutical.

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VAN HARLING, VINA N., and Markus Dwiyanto Tobi. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA PEMANFAATAN FASILITAS LABORATORIUM KIMIA DAN KEDISIPLINAN BELAJAR KIMIA DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR KIMIA SISWA KELAS XII IPA SMA NEGERI 1 SORONG." SOSCIED 2, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32531/jsoscied.v2i2.175.

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This study aims to determine: the significance of the relationship between the use of chemical laboratory facilities and student chemistry learning achievements; and the significance of the discipline of learning chemistry students with chemistry learning achievements. The populations in this study were students of class XII Science in SMA N 1 Sorong. A total of 97 students were taken using the Proportionate Random Sampling technique. The data collection methods used were questionnaires and documentation studies. The results showed that: 1) there was no positive and significant relationship between the use of chemical laboratory facilities and student chemistry learning achievements; and 2) there is no positive and significant relationship between the discipline of chemistry learning students and students' chemistry learning achievement.

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Bierbaum, Veronica M. "Anions in Space and in the Laboratory." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S280 (June 2011): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311025130.

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AbstractThe astronomical detection of molecular anions has prompted our study of their chemical reactions with atomic species that are abundant in the interstellar medium. We have recently explored the chemistry of a variety of Cx Ny− anions with hydrogen atoms and determined their reaction rate constants and products using the flowing afterglow-selected ion flow tube technique. Computational studies allow characterization of the structures of reactants and products, as well as the energetics along the reaction pathway. For anions containing one or two nitrogen atoms, reactions with hydrogen atoms are facile, and proceed primarily by associative detachment. In contrast, anions containing three nitrogen atoms are unreactive with hydrogen atoms due to reaction barriers and unfavorable thermodynamics.

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Wardani, Ni Kadek Mai Sasmita, Jeckson Siahaan, Rahmawati Rahmawati, and Saprizal Hadisaputra. "Analisis Spektra UV-Visible Senyawa Bahan Alam Tersensitasi Zat Warna: Pengembangan Modul Praktikum Kimia Komputasi." Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Kimia 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jipk.v4i1.33640.

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The research aims to examine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the computation chemistry laboratory works module to analyze spectra UV-Visible of natural compounds in dye-sensitized solar cells. The research design is 4D (Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination). The population is 80 students in the Chemistry Education Study Program, The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Studi, the University of Mataram Indonesia, who have completed the computation chemistry course. The sample in this research is 20 students taking to be respondents for the computation chemistry laboratory practical works module with a random sampling technique. The validity value studied by Aiken V of the laboratory module is V= 0,90 with the reliability R=0,98. It means the laboratory module has a highly valid category to be applied. The value of the practicality module gained from the students' responses is with average practicality of 91%. It means the module has a highly practical category. The module's effectiveness could be seen from the students' point with an average of 83.5, which shows that the module has a high effectiveness category. In conclusion, the computation chemistry laboratory works module that is being developed is highly valid, practical, and effective to be applied.

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Maharani, Endang Tri wahyuni. "Urgency of Chemistry Instrumentation for Students of Medical Laboratory Technology." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN SAINS (JPS) 7, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jps.7.2.2019.188-194.

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The background of the research is that the chemical instrumentation course reviews all instrumentation used for health laboratory examinations in accordance with the demands of a health analyst's competence. This material is basic knowledge, so students need to understand these three aspects, namely: the concept and function of chemical instrumentation, the basics of chemical instrumentation analysis, and the classification of chemical analysis.The research method is quantitative descriptive with 80 students and the main data collection tool is a questionnaire / instrument. Variables were examined from all three aspects, each aspect contain 20 questions, so that in the whole questionnaire there were 60 questions. efore the questionnaire was used to retrieve data, the validity and reliability tests had been carried out and the results were declared valid and reliable, while the data analysis technique was used descriptive analysis by comparing the calculated results with the criteria set by the researcher.The results of the study concluded: 1) the concept and function of chemical instrumentation obtained a score of 69 or 86.25% with very good criteria; 2) the basics of chemical instrumentation analysis obtained a score of 72 or 90.00% with good criteria; and 3) the classification of chemical analysis obtained a score of 73 or 91.25% with very good criteria, so the final conclusion is the perception of Health Analyst students' study programs on the urgency of chemical instrumentation material is very good.

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Taylor, Connor J., Alastair Baker, Michael R. Chapman, William R. Reynolds, Katherine E. Jolley, Graeme Clemens, Gill E. Smith, et al. "Flow chemistry for process optimisation using design of experiments." Journal of Flow Chemistry 11, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41981-020-00135-0.

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AbstractImplementing statistical training into undergraduate or postgraduate chemistry courses can provide high-impact learning experiences for students. However, the opportunity to reinforce this training with a combined laboratory practical can significantly enhance learning outcomes by providing a practical bolstering of the concepts. This paper outlines a flow chemistry laboratory practical for integrating design of experiments optimisation techniques into an organic chemistry laboratory session in which students construct a simple flow reactor and perform a structured series of experiments followed by computational processing and analysis of the results.

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Sugiharti, Gulmah, Abdul Hamid K., and Mukhtar Mukhtar. "Application of PBL Using Laboratory and Mathematical Thinking Ability to Learning Outcomes of General Chemistry Course." International Education Studies 12, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n6p33.

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The abundance of chemical concepts and general chemistry lessons that tend to be monotonous and have not yet considered the ability of mathematical thinking to cause problems in learning that resulted in low student learning outcomes. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of learning model and mathematical thinking ability toward General Chemistry study result, also interaction between learning model through laboratory usage and mathematical thinking ability. This research is an experimental research using PBL and DI model. The learning result data is obtained from general chemistry study result test and mathematical thinking ability data is obtained through the test of mathematical thinking ability which has all been validated. The data analysis technique used two way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result of the research shows that there is a significant effect of the learning model on the students ‘learning outcomes in the General Chemistry course and there is interaction between the learning model using the laboratory with the ability to think mathematically on the students’ General Chemistry students learning outcomes. This research concludes that the PBL model using laboratories is well used in general chemistry learning, and preferably in teaching general chemistry courses, the lecturer considers students’ mathematical thinking skills.

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Hall, J. W., and A. Pollard. "Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry: A New Dimension in Clinical Chemistry." Clinical Chemistry 38, no. 9 (September 1, 1992): 1623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.9.1623.

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Abstract The near-infrared (NIR) spectral region (700-2500 nm) is a fertile source of chemical information in the form of overtone and combination bands of the fundamental infrared absorptions and low-energy electronic transitions. This region was initially perceived as being too complex for interpretation and consequently was poorly utilized. Advances in chemometric techniques that can extract massive amounts of chemical information from the highly overlapped, complex spectra have led to extensive use of NIR spectrophotometry (NIRS) in the food, agriculture, pharmaceutical, chemical, and polymer industries. The application of NIRS in clinical laboratory measurements is still in its infancy. NIRS is a simple, quick, nondestructive technique capable of providing clinically relevant analyses of biological samples with precision and accuracy comparable with the method used to derive the NIRS models. Analyses can be performed with little or no sample preparation and no reagents. The success of NIRS in any particular case is determined by the complexity of the sample matrix, relative NIR absorptivities of the constituents, and the wavelengths and regression technique chosen. We describe the general approach to data acquisition, calibration, and analysis, using serum proteins, triglycerides, and glucose as examples.

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McGuire, Brett A., Oskar Asvany, Sandra Brünken, and Stephan Schlemmer. "Laboratory spectroscopy techniques to enable observations of interstellar ion chemistry." Nature Reviews Physics 2, no. 8 (July 7, 2020): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42254-020-0198-0.

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Vasilevskaya, Elena. "MINERALS: NATURAL COMPOUNDS AND LABORATORY IMITATIONS." GAMTAMOKSLINIS UGDYMAS / NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION 4, no. 2 (August 25, 2007): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu-nse/07.4.60a.

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Ways of laboratory synthesis of solid inorganic substances by analogy to the processes in the nature are considered. Techniques of synthesis of inorganic compounds in gels as a result of reactions with the counter or unilateral diffusion, sold in conditions of school chemical laboratory are resulted. It is shown, that the offered techniques can be used at the organization of design activity of pupils, and also at carrying out of the integrated lessons. The contents of lessons in chemistry-geography on a theme «Mineralization and structure of minerals» and in chemistry-biology on a theme «Crystallization of inorganic salts in alive organisms» is considered. It is shown, that modeling of natural processes serves in laboratory conditions means of formation of representations about material unity of the world surrounding us. Keywords: school chemical experiment, modeling of natural processes, synthesis in viscous environments, minerals.

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Lekhi, Priyanka, and Sophia Nussbaum. "Strategic Use of Role Playing in a Training Workshop for Chemistry Laboratory Teaching Assistants." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 45, no. 3 (December 31, 2015): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v45i3.187553.

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Many Canadian universities have created professional development programs for their teaching assistants (TA) but may be uncertain about how to bridge the gap between TAs’ knowledge of effective teaching strategies and TAs’ confident applications of these strategies. We present a technique used in a two-day training workshop to enhance graduate students skills in using effective teaching strategies: role playing. This paper outlines a framework that includes five key elements (Icebreaking, Shared Experiences, Modelling, Acting and Debriefing) to strategically design role playing activities in a training program. We describe each of the 5 elements and explain how they support training through role play exercises. Participant written feedback collected in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2014 suggested that role playing was a useful and enjoyable technique. Pre and post workshop questionnaire data suggested that self-perceived competencies for specified tasks directly connected to a role play activity promoted greater positive differences between the pre and post groups compared to self-perceived competencies for specified tasks not directly connected to a role play activity. Based on these results, we assert that training programs which rely on strategic role playing activities will lead to a better overall TA experience of the training program and improvements in TAs’ self-perceptions of certain teaching competencies.

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Weingand, Kurt, John Bloom, Michael Carakostas, Robert Hall, Maria Helfrich, Kenneth Latimer, Barry Levine, et al. "Clinical Pathology Testing Recommendations for Nonclinical Toxicity and Safety Studies." Toxicologic Pathology 20, no. 3-2 (May 1992): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623392020003217.

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Clinical pathology testing in nonclinical toxicity and safety studies is an important part of safety assessment. In recent years, clinical laboratory testing has rapidly expanded and improved. Some government regulatory agencies provide guidelines for clinical pathology testing in nonclinical toxicity and safety studies. To improve these testing guidelines and the resultant safety assessments, the American Association for Clinical Chemistry's Division of Animal Clinical Chemistry and the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology formed a joint committee to provide expert recommendations for clinical pathology testing of laboratory species involved in subchronic and chronic nonclinical toxicity and safety studies. These recommendations include technical recommendations on blood collection techniques and hematology, serum chemistry, and urinalysis tests.

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Birdsall, Adam W., Ulrich K. Krieger, and Frank N. Keutsch. "Electrodynamic balance–mass spectrometry of single particles as a new platform for atmospheric chemistry research." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-33-2018.

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Abstract. New analytical techniques are needed to improve our understanding of the intertwined physical and chemical processes that affect the composition of aerosol particles in the Earth's atmosphere, such as gas–particle partitioning and homogenous or heterogeneous chemistry, and their ultimate relation to air quality and climate. We describe a new laboratory setup that couples an electrodynamic balance (EDB) to a mass spectrometer (MS). The EDB stores a single laboratory-generated particle in an electric field under atmospheric conditions for an arbitrarily long length of time. The particle is then transferred via gas flow to an ionization region that vaporizes and ionizes the analyte molecules before MS measurement. We demonstrate the feasibility of the technique by tracking evaporation of polyethylene glycol molecules and finding agreement with a kinetic model. Fitting data to the kinetic model also allows determination of vapor pressures to within a factor of 2. This EDB–MS system can be used to study fundamental chemical and physical processes involving particles that are difficult to isolate and study with other techniques. The results of such measurements can be used to improve our understanding of atmospheric particles.

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Heller, David N., Steven J. Lehotay, Perry A. Martos, Walter Hammack, and Amadeo R. Fernndez-Alba. "Issues in Mass Spectrometry Between Bench Chemists and Regulatory Laboratory Managers: Summary of the Roundtable on Mass Spectrometry Held at the 123rd AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.5.1625.

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Abstract At the 123rd AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, PA, 45 residue chemists gathered for a roundtable discussion of mass spectrometry (MS) used for regulatory chemical residues analysis. The session was conceived to address current technical and communication issues about MS between bench chemists and their bosses. The topics covered a range of practical, routine, and recurring issues on capabilities and limitations of MS techniques, and suggestions on how chemists may better communicate their MS results with customers. The customers in this sense include laboratory managers, quality assurance officers, laboratory clients, regulatory officials, policy-makers, lawyers, and others who have interest in the data. The stated goals devised by the roundtable panelists were to provide independent advice, describe limitations, give practical tips, help set realistic expectations, and answer questions from the attendees. The panelists divided the topics into three main themes: practical aspects in routine analysis using MS, choice of MS technique depending on the purpose for analysis, and qualitative identification and confirmation concepts. This report was written to summarize and expand upon the discussion, frame the current issues, and provide advice on handling common situations in MS analysis and reporting of results. Topics included LODs, data quality objectives, quantification and reporting results, matrix effects, calibration, terminology, differences in performance across MS platforms, proficiency testing, qualitative analysis, and laboratory accreditation. Conclusions are presented as a set of questions for structuring a dialog between bench chemists and laboratory managers.

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Hidayah, Fitria Fatichatul, Muhamad Imaduddin, Eko Yuliyanto, Gunawan Gunawan, Muhammad Cholid Djunaidi, and Supawan Tantayanon. "“Counting drops and observing color”: Teachers’ and students’ first experiences in small-scale chemistry practicum of acid-base solutions." Journal of Technology and Science Education 12, no. 1 (March 24, 2022): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1388.

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This research introduced small-scale chemistry practicum techniques on the concept of acid-base identification, determination of pH with indicators, and neutralization reactions with the concept of titration. This research aims to reveal teachers’ and students’ first experiences in small-scale chemistry practicum. This research is action research to introduce a small-scale practicum technique for the solution of minimizing chemical tools and materials, as well as the availability of space for school chemistry practicum. This study involved 26 teacher participants and 36 student participants. The data collected in the form of quantitative data related to teacher responses to small-scale chemistry practicum workshops and student responses to small-scale chemistry practicum in the pilot class. The instrument used is an activity response questionnaire. Qualitative data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The practicum involves qualitative observations and quantitative calculations. The qualitative aspect relates to the observation of color changes that occur in the mixture of solutions made from acid and alkaline solutions with a certain composition. Teachers got a lot of inspiration in terms of practicing chemistry with fewer material requirements, as well as modifying the tools used for laboratory activities. The tool and material box package illustrated to them that practicum activities do not have to be carried out in a laboratory room, but can also be practiced in conventional classrooms, even done independently by students at home. Students have a unique experience in the process of counting the number of droplets because it requires concentration and careful observation.

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Elgemeie, Galal H., and Doaa M. Masoud. "Recent trends in microwave assisted synthesis of fluorescent dyes." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 381–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-04-2015-0036.

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Purpose This paper aims to focus on the most popular technique nowadays, the use of microwave irradiation in organic synthesis; in a few years, most chemists will use microwave energy to heat chemical reactions on a laboratory scale. Also, many scientists use microwave technology in the industry. They have turned to microwave synthesis as a frontline methodology for their projects. Microwave and microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) has emerged as a new “lead” in organic synthesis. Design/methodology/approach Using microwave radiation for synthesis and design of fluorescent dyes is of great interest, as it decreases the time required for synthesis and the synthesized dyes can be applied to industrial scale. Findings The technique offers many advantages, as it is simple, clean, fast, efficient and economical for the synthesis of a large number of organic compounds. These advantages encourage many chemists to switch from the traditional heating method to microwave-assisted chemistry. Practical implications This review highlights applications of microwave chemistry in organic synthesis for fluorescent dyes. Fluorescents are a fairly new and very heavily used class of organics. These materials have many applications, as a penetrant liquid for crack detection, synthetic resins, plastics, printing inks, non-destructive testing and sports ball dyeing. Originality/value The aim value of this review is to define the scope and limitation of microwave synthesis procedures for the synthesis of novel fluorescent dyes via a simple and economic way.

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Bond, A. M. "Electroanalytical techniques in clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (by J. Wang)." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 8, no. 8 (September 1989): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-9936(89)85067-8.

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Zellner, Reinhard, P. Behr, S. Seisel, Holger Somnitz, and L. Treuel. "Chemistry and Microphysics of Atmospheric Aerosol Surfaces: Laboratory Techniques and Applications." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 223, no. 4-5 (May 2009): 359–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.2009.6051.

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Abbas, H., M. M. Hossain, and X. D. Chen. "A laboratory investigation of the anhydrous milkfat fractionation using a membrane technique." Separation and Purification Technology 48, no. 2 (March 2006): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2005.07.004.

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Lundy, Terence. "Advanced Confocal Microscopy An Essential Technique for Microfluidics Development." Microscopy Today 14, no. 1 (January 2006): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500055127.

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Many believe that microfluidics has the potential to do for chemistry and biology what the integrated circuit has done for electronics — integrating tremendously complex chemical and biological processes into simple easy-to-use devices that will eventually pervade our lives. While microfluidics has made great progress in the last decade — addressing many of the fundamental questions related to manipulating nanoliter volumes of chemicals and solutions — it still faces some very basic challenges as it moves out of the laboratory and into use. Perhaps most basic is the need for fast, accurate characterization of the size and shape of the microfluidic devices themselves. Conventional imaging and measurement techniques have proven adequate for initial development, but are unable to provide the speed and accuracy needed to support the continued development of microfluidic technologies.

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Bateman, Vesta, and Philip Thacker. "Certification of 200,000 g Shock Calibration Technique for Sensors." Journal of the IEST 45, no. 1 (September 14, 2002): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.45.1.34728u542k334619.

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A split Hopkinson bar technique has been developed to evaluate the performance of accelerometers that measure large amplitude, up to 200,000 g, mechanical shock pulses. An evaluation of this technique has been conducted in the Mechanical Shock Laboratory at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) for use as an accelerometer calibration technique. Results of this evaluation are presented and include a comparison with a NIST calibrated reference accelerometer. The certification of split Hopkinson flyaway technique by the SNL Primary Standards Laboratory is presented in this paper.

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Mehvish Sana, Shoaib Liaquat, Syeda Sabahat Haidar, and Muhammad Tariq Ghafoor. "Effect of delayed serum separation on various chemistry analytes." Professional Medical Journal 29, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 1789–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2022.29.12.7178.

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Objective: To observe the effect of delayed serum separation on various chemistry analytes. Study Design: Quasi Experimental study. Setting: Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Sheikh Zayed Medical College & Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Period: 1st December 2021 to 31st January 2022. Material & Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers of age 25-55 years from both genders were included in the study using consecutive sampling technique. Informed verbal consent was taken from all the study subjects. 4 cc blood was drawn from each subject and was divided into 3 plain tubes. 1 tube was analyzed at 1 hour for glucose, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP, sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium. 2nd tube was analyzed for same analytes 2 hours after sample collection and 3rd tube was analyzed at 4 hours. Results were recorded on a predesigned performa. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Software 23 for Windows. Data was presented in terms of mean and SD. P value p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Glucose, ALT, sodium, potassium and chloride showed statistically significant variation over time while others remained stable for up to 4 hours. There was decrease in glucose (p=0.000) while increase was observed in sodium (p=0.0001), potassium (p=0.0001), chloride (p=0.0001) and ALT (p=0.002). Conclusion: Blood samples should be transported to laboratory immediately and when received in laboratory samples should be centrifuged and processed within 2 hours as delayed transportation and separation affects many chemistry analytes and may lead to erroneous test results.

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Gerza, Michal, and Frantisek Schauer. "Intelligent Processing of Experimental Data in ISES Remote Laboratory." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 12, no. 03 (March 31, 2016): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v12i03.5538.

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The paper deals with the design of the intelligent processing of experimental data measured in the remote laboratories, where the measurements are performed by connected clients via the finite-state machine residing at an advanced server. As physical hardware and software is used the Internet School Experimental System (ISES). This platform is intended for educational purposes at schools and universities to provide the suitable measuring environment for students using computers. It is especially suitable for distance students who cannot attend regular courses during their studies of physics, chemistry or electro-engineering. At present, the remote laboratory does not dispose of any data processing technique. This results in excessive demands on storing capacity. The suggested solution solves this drawback by processing and archiving techniques to store measured data after their organizing in predetermined structures and concomitant data volume reduction. The paper is organized in the following manner. In the first section, Introduction, the ISES remote laboratory concept is introduced, following, State of the art, describing present stage of its ISES physical hardware development. The description of ISES physical software is concentrated at the Measureserver core unit realized as the finite-state machine. The next section deals with the design and implementation of the intelligent data processing component, which is focused on the extracting, filtering and archiving of measured data coming from the Measureserver unit communicating with a physical experiment. Finally, all the functional benefits are summarized for interested, who are involved in the remote experiments construction.

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Majkic-Singh, Nada. "Society of medical biochemists of Serbia and Montenegro: 50 years anniversary." Jugoslovenska medicinska biohemija 24, no. 3 (2005): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmh0503157m.

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Medical biochemistry (synonyms: clinical chemistry or clinical biochemistry) in the terms of professional and scientific discipline, stems from and/or has developed along with the natural sciences and its influences (mathematics, physics, chemistry and biochemistry) and medical sciences as well (physiology, genetics, cell biology). As a scientific discipline, medical biochemistry studies metabolic processes of physiological and pathological changes with humans and animals. Applying analytical chemistry's and biochemistry's techniques enables medical biochemists to gain plenty of information related to diagnosis and prognosis which serve physicians to asses the gravity of illness and prescribe healing therapy. Therefore medical biochemistry is an integral part of modern medicine. This discipline was dubbed various, often confusing names such as pathology, physiology, clinical biology, clinical pathology, chemical pathology, clinical biochemistry, medical biochemistry, clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, all depending on place of origin. The official, internationally accepted name - clinical chemistry, was mentioned for the first time in 1912 by Johan Scherer, who described his laboratory as Clinical Chemistry Laboratory (Klinisch Chemische Laboratorium) in the hospital Julius in Wurzburg in Germany. After creating national societies of clinical chemists, Professor Earl J. King of Royal Postgraduate Medical School from London incited an initiative to unite national societies into the organization with worldwide character - it was the International Association of Clinical Biochemists, monitored by the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). On 24 July 1952 in Paris, a Second International Congress of Biochemistry was held. A year later, in Stockholm, the name of a newly formed association was altered into International Federation of Clinical Chemistry, which was officially accepted in 1955 in Brussels. Today this federation-s name is International Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC). Right after the World War II our medical biochemists began to gather within their expert societies. Even before 1950 Pharmaceutical Society of Serbia hosted laboratory experts among whom the most active were Prof. Dr. Aleksandar Damanski for bromatology, Prof. Dr. Momcilo Mokranjac for toxicology and Docent Dr. Pavle Trpinac for biochemistry. When the Managing Board of the Pharmaceutical Society of National Republic of Serbia held its session on 22 December 1950, an issue was raised with reference to creation of a Section that would gather together the laboratory experts. Section for Sanitary Chemistry, combining all three profiles of laboratory staff, i.e. medical biochemists, sanitary chemists and toxicologists, was founded on 1st of January 1951. On 15 May 1955, during the sixth plenum of the Society of Pharmaceutical Societies of Yugoslavia (SFRY) held in Split, the decision was passed to set up a Section for Medical Biochemistry in SFDJ. The Section for Medical Biochemistry in SFDJ was renamed into Society for Medical Biochemistry of SFDJ based on the decision passed during the 16th plenum of SFDJ, held on 15 May 1965 in Banja Luka. Pursuant to the decision passed by SMBY on 6 April 1995 and based on the historic data, 15 May was declared as being the official Day of the Society of Medical Biochemists of Yugoslavia. The purpose of YuSMB (currently SMBSCG) is to gather medical biochemists who would develop and enhance all the branches of medical biochemistry in health industry. Its tasks are as following: to standardize operations in clinical-biochemical laboratories, education of young biochemists on all levels, encouraging scientific research, setting up of working norms and implementation, execution and abiding by the ethics codices with health workers. SMBSCG is to promote the systemized standards in the field of medical biochemistry with the relevant federal and republican institutions. SMBSCG is to enable exchange of experiences of its members with the members of affiliate associations in the country and abroad. .

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Yocum, Katarina M., Houston H. Smith, Ethan W. Todd, Leslie Mora, Perry A. Gerakines, Stefanie N. Milam, and Susanna L. Widicus Weaver. "Millimeter/Submillimeter Spectroscopic Detection of Desorbed Ices: A New Technique in Laboratory Astrochemistry." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 123, no. 40 (September 26, 2019): 8702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04587.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Laboratory technique of chemistry'

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