Academic literature on the topic 'Laboratory Techniques and Procedures'
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Journal articles on the topic "Laboratory Techniques and Procedures"
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Reid, Marion E. "Milestones in laboratory procedures and techniques." Immunohematology 25, no. 2 (2020): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/immunohematology-2019-229.
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Hyatt, Doreene R., and J. Scott Weese. "Salmonella culture: sampling procedures and laboratory techniques." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 20, no. 3 (December 2004): 577–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2004.07.007.
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Francis, J. L. "ECAT Assay Procedures. A Manual of Laboratory Techniques." Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis 3, no. 5 (October 1992): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001721-199210000-00031.
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Malovrh, Tadej, and Peter Hostnik. "Diagnostics procedures in rabies." Veterinarski glasnik 59, no. 1-2 (2005): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0502099m.
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Rabies is a major zoonosis for which diagnostic techniques can only be performed in the laboratory. Laboratory techniques are preferably oriented on tissue removed from the cranium: hippocampus (Ammon's horn), cerebellum and the medulla oblongata or tissue liquids. Clinical observation may only lead to a suspicion of rabies. The only way to perform a reliable diagnosis of the disease is to identify the virus or some of its specific components using laboratory tests such as histological identification of characteristic cell lesions, immunochemical identification of rabies virus antigen and virus isolation. Serological tests are rarely used in epidemiological surveys but much more frequently in control of the vaccination programs (e.g. oral vaccination). Most commonly used serological tests are the virus neutralization test on cell culture (FAVN), virus neutralization in mice and ELISA.
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Reiffer, D. R. "Flight Inspection Procedures and Position Fixing Techniques." Journal of Navigation 40, no. 1 (January 1987): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300000345.
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Flight inspection is the means by which the performance of a navigation aid is measured to ensure that it is meeting the requirements of the operational procedures based upon it. It can involve laboratory-type measurements in an environment which is generally unstable and sometimes hostile. The first requirement is the position of the aircraft fixed to an accuracy commensurate with that implied by the operational specification of the navigational aid. A range of techniques for position fixing has been developed over the years. Where possible the technique should just meet the ‘one order better than’ criteria. The use of systems with accuracies significantly better will usually result in financial or logistic penalties.
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Lambert, Patrick, Mike Goldthorp, Ben Fieldhouse, Zhendi Wang, Mervin F. Fingas, L. Pearson, and E. Collazzi. "A REVIEW OF OIL-IN-WATER MONITORING TECHNIQUES." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 1375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-1375.
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ABSTRACT A comprehensive laboratory study of the Turner Instrument flow-through fluorometers was conducted to review their ability to measure real-time oil-in-water concentrations, to compare the results to alternative total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) procedures and to carry out supporting laboratory analysis in order to further understand the relationship of the fluorescent signal to the composition of the oils. The model 10 AU was equipped with the long wavelength optical kit for crude oils while the model 10 was equipped with the short wavelength optical kit for diesel fuels and light refined oil products. Eight oils and the dispersant COREXIT®9500 were used. The oils were Alberta Sweet Mixed Blend crude oil (0% and 27% weathered), Prudhoe Bay crude oil (0% and 27% weathered), Bunker C fuel oil (0% and 8% weathered), and diesel fuel (0% and 37% weathered). Efforts were made to establish a calibration procedure which was used to convert the real-time fluorometer data to oil concentration. Initial comparisons of the fluorometer results to standard infrared and gas chromatography laboratory procedures showed all methods capable of detecting and differentiating between small changes in oil concentration. The infrared and gas chromatography generated similar values while the fluorometer values were of the same order of magnitude but typically 20 to 80% higher.
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Karatas, Meltem Ozdemir, Ebru Demet Cifter, Didem Ozdemir Ozenen, Ali Balik, and Erman Bulent Tuncer. "Manufacturing Implant Supported Auricular Prostheses by Rapid Prototyping Techniques." European Journal of Dentistry 05, no. 04 (October 2011): 472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698921.
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ABSTRACTMaxillofacial prostheses are usually fabricated on the models obtained following the impression procedures. Disadvantages of conventional impression techniques used in production of facial prosthesis are deformation of soft tissues caused by impression material and disturbance of the patient due to.Additionally production of prosthesis by conventional methods takes longer time. Recently, rapid prototyping techniques have been developed for extraoral prosthesis in order to reduce these disadvantages of conventional methods. Rapid prototyping technique has the potential to simplify the procedure and decrease the laboratory work required. It eliminates the need for measurement impression procedures and preparation of wax model to be performed by prosthodontists themselves In the near future this technology will become a standard for fabricating maxillofacial prostheses. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:472-477)
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Życiński, Paweł, and Dawid Miśkowiec. "Analgosedation approaches in the Electrophysiology Laboratory – a review of currently used techniques – part 2." In a good rythm 4, no. 61 (January 31, 2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8136.
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Clinical electrophysiology (EP) had undergone tremendous technological development in the last years. Along with more and more complex EP procedures, including advanced radiofrequency catheter ablations, the need for a safe and effective analgetic and sedation approach become imperative. Sedation in the EP laboratory range from intravenous sedation techniques to general anesthesia. In our review, we discuss current analgosedation approaches in the EP lab, with particular emphasis on the type of procedure performed.
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Życiński, Paweł, and Dawid Miśkowiec. "Analgosedation approaches in the Electrophysiology Laboratory – a review of currently used techniques – part 1." In a good rythm 1, no. 58 (May 31, 2021): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0107.
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Clinical electrophysiology (EP) had undergone tremendous technological development in the last years. Along with more and more complex EP procedures, including advanced radiofrequency catheter ablations, the need for a safe and effective analgetic and sedation approach become imperative. Sedation in the EP laboratory range from intravenous sedation techniques to general anesthesia. In our review, we discuss current analgosedation approaches in the EP lab, with particular emphasis on the type of procedure performed.
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Mohammedsaleh, Zuhair M. "Improving Quality in a Cytopathology Laboratory." Global Journal of Health Science 12, no. 12 (October 30, 2020): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n12p121.
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Quality assurance in a cytopathology laboratory is achieved by involving all the parties that contributes to cytopathology procedures. Quality assurance measures start with the laboratory directors to the cytopathotechnologists at work. High-quality results are achieved when all the parties work together by following the Standard operation procedures failure to which quality is undermined. Laboratory directors in a cytopathology laboratory are responsible for risk analysis and management. Proper risk analysis techniques help the lab manager to identify the weak points among the technologists. Proper management involves giving out good guidelines or instructions on what should be done to solve the problems that have been identified. There is the need to accredit and comply with the international accepted policies and procedures and excellent documentation to help deal with malpractices. Modern health care has faced a revolution due to a variety of factors, some of which are: newest techniques in laboratory medicine, trained staff operating diagnostic medical laboratories and ultra-modern analytical equipment. A Quality Management System (QMS) has been suggested by the ISO 15189 International Standard, which if followed, can help sustain and improve the testing services offered by diagnostic laboratories, such as cytopathology laboratories. Cytopathology laboratories should only employ laboratory technologists have undergone through the recommended training and have licenses from the regulatory bodies. The staff members of cytopathology laboratory should follow the standard operating procedures. SOPs help in coming up with high-quality results.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Laboratory Techniques and Procedures"
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Kumar, Shalini. "Advanced Techniques in Microbial and Molecular Biology: Laboratory Procedures for a Graduate Level Course." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935668/.
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Advanced laboratory techniques for Microbial and Molecular Biology at the graduate level are presented in this thesis. The procedures for the laboratory experiments are set forth in detail. This laboratory is conducted as two parts, each by a different professor. Part 1 covers the experiments conducted by Dr G.A.O. Donovan. These experiments include an introduction, staining procedures, biochemical reactions, mutagenesis experiment, essays,. preparation and analysis of plasmid DNA and various other topics. Part 2 covers the experiments conducted by Dr. Daniel Kunz and includes various topics like media preparation, phenotyping strains, conjugative transfer of plasmids, SDS-PAGE, induction and measurement of enzyme and transposon mutagenesis
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Ferreira, Francisco Augusto Porto. "Avaliação clínica e laboratorial das transfusões de hemocomponentes em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de medula óssea alogênico: estudo de vinte e nove casos." Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-02022017-095049/.
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Vinte e nove pacientes submetidos ao Transplante de Medula Óssea Alogênico foram analisados num estudo dirigido às transfusões de hemocomponentes, desde o período pré-transplante até o momento da alta hospitalar, que na maioria das vezes coincidiu com a independência às transfusões. Não houve um padrão único de requerimento transfusional e os fatores que determinaram este fato foram múltiplos. O tipo de doença de base, intercorrências clínicas e a presença da Doença do Enxerto Versus o Hospedeiro estiveram relacionados. As técnicas laboratoriais empregadas na rotina de avaliação dos pacientes ofereceram subsídio adequado, para em conjunto com o exame clínico, proporcionarem parâmetros decisivos na indicação das transfusões sangüíneas. Alguns pacientes apresentaram incompatibilidade ao sistema de grupo sangüíneo ABO com os seus respectivos doadores de medula, fato que não impediu a realização do transplante, devido ao emprego de métodos que permitiram superar esta dificuldade. Foi observada refratariedade às transfusões de concentrados de plaquetas em poucos pacientes da casuística, atribuída à presença de anticorpos contra antígenos do sistema de histocompatibilidade leucocitária humana (HLA). As transfusões de plaquetas obtidas de doadores com o sistema HLA compatível, membros familiares, foram eficazes nestes casos. O tempo de recuperação da função hematopoética da medula transplantada foi similar ao descrito na literatura.29 patients who underwent Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation (Allo BMT) were analyzed regarding the need for transfusion of blood components from admission the date of discharge. Most of the time the discharge coincided with blood components transfusion independence. There was no specific pattern of blood products transfusion among these patients. The need for transfusion could be ascribed to the presence of several factors like baseline disease, clinical complications and graf versus host disease. Routine clinical parameters and laboratory techiniques were adequate to indicate the need for transfusion of blood components. Some of the patients were ABO incompatible with their respective marrow donors. We observed no adverse consequence for the outocome of these BMT procedures after the use of routine techiniques to overcome this incompatibility. Few patients were refractory to platelet transfusions that was ascribed to HLA directed antibodies. The use of HLA compatible platelet donors (family members) provided adequate platelet support in these cases. The time to hematopoietic recovery was compatible to the found in the international literature.
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Almeida, Carla Marina Correia de. "Controlo de qualidade interno: elaboração de um programa de Controlo de Qualidade Interno segundo as boas práticas da Qualidade." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10307.
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RESUMO: Esta dissertação pretende apresentar uma proposta para um programa de Controlo de Qualidade interno das hormonas tiroideias, segundo as boas práticas da qualidade.
Para que se comprove o rigor e fiabilidade dos seus resultados analíticos, condição indispensável para que estes possam servir de base às mais diversas tomadas de decisão, toda a filosofia que envolve a qualidade assume um papel preponderante. Neste contexto a elaboração de um programa de controlo de qualidade adequado é muito importante e imprescindível.
A realização do controlo de qualidade permite monitorizar o desempenho de todos os materiais, equipamentos, instrumentos e métodos analíticos bem como criar sinais de alerta para prevenir a emissão de resultados não-conformes e indicar a necessidade de ações corretivas. Permite também indicar a necessidade de melhorias em processos e em atividades ligadas aos operadores e consciencializar o pessoal de que o controlo da qualidade é um dever para com o cliente e tem a função de gerar confiança nos resultados obtidos.
O controlo de qualidade interno abrange todos os procedimentos assumidos por um laboratório para avaliação contínua do seu trabalho. A sua finalidade é assegurar a consistência dos resultados diários e a sua conformidade com critérios definidos, avaliando a precisão dos ensaios e dando indicação do momento para se promoverem ações corretivas quando surge uma não conformidade.
Segundo as melhores práticas da qualidade, serão calculados os valores do controlo de qualidade interno para as hormonas tiroideias, os seus limites e critérios (regras) de aceitabilidade, com base na relação entre o desempenho analítico e o Erro Máximo Admissível. Pretende-se assim, otimizar o desempenho do Controlo de Qualidade Interno, aperfeiçoando a capacidade de identificação do erro.-------- ABSTRACT: This paper intends to submit a proposal for a thyroid hormones internal quality Control program, according to the best quality practices.
The whole philosophy involving quality plays a central role in order to prove the accuracy and reliability of the analytical results, a basic prerequisite for decision making. In this context the elaboration of an appropriate quality control program is essential and very important.
Quality control allows the motorization of the performance of all materials, equipment, instruments and analytical methods, as well as the creation of warning signals indicating the need for corrective actions, to prevent the release of non-compliant results. It also indicates the need for improvements in the processes and operating activities as well as making the staff aware that quality control is a duty to the client and promotes confidence in the results.
The internal quality control covers all procedures undertaken by a laboratory for a continuous evaluation of its performance. Its purpose is to ensure the consistency of the daily results and compliance with defined criteria, assessing the accuracy of the tests and indicating the moment to promote corrective actions when nonconformity appears.
According to the best quality practices, the values of the internal quality control for the thyroid hormones, their limits and criteria (rules) of acceptability will be calculated, based on the relationship between analytical performance and the maximum allowable error.
Thus, the aim is to optimize the performance of the Internal Quality Control, improving the ability for error detection and identification.
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Seliskar, Daniel Peter. "Capacitance-based microvolume liquid-level sensor array." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100243.
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A prototype sensor array was developed for use with laboratory automation to permit closed-loop control of liquid-levels in a multiwell microplate geometry. A simple electrical model for non-contact capacitance-based fluid sensors was extended to describe a fluid-level dependency. The new model shows that a charge-transfer based capacitance transducer employing a liquid-specific calibration can be used to obtain an output signal that varies linearly with the liquid-level when fringe-field effects are negligible. The calibration also compensates for liquid-to-liquid conductivity and permittivity differences.The sensor was tested using sodium chloride (NaCl) and ethanol solutions to simulate the range of conductivity and permittivity typical in biological and chemical research. Measured capacitance was a second-order function of liquid volume due to fringe-field effects and was compensated for by adding a hardware-based calibration. Liquid-volume measurement error averaged 0.2% of the 120mul fill volume with a standard deviation of 0.6% (< mul). The maximum absolute error for all liquids was 2.7% (3mul).
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Gonçales, Juliano Ferreira [UNESP]. "Avaliação do método de sucção de encéfalo de morcegos (Chiroptera, Mammalia) para diagnóstico da raiva." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94745.
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goncales_jf_me_araca.pdf: 909821 bytes, checksum: 33d206de9703467c4c16ac6545d7052e (MD5)O diagnóstico laboratorial da raiva em morcegos é realizado utilizando-se, principalmente, o encéfalo do animal suspeito. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi testar a hipótese de que o método de aspiração com pipeta plástica (tipo Pasteur) é eficaz na obtenção de encéfalo de morcegos para a realização do diagnóstico comparado com o método tradicional de abertura de crânio. Para tanto, estudaram-se quatro espécies diferentes de morcegos, Molossus rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805), Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766), Artibeus lituratus (Olfers,1818) e Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), totalizando 200 amostras. A quantidade de massa encefálica obtida pelo método tradicional foi significativamente maior, contudo, o material colhido pela aspiração foi suficiente para a execução do diagnóstico da doença. Ambos os métodos detectaram indivíduos positivos, sendo que o método de aspiração teve a vantagem de preservar o crânio possibilitando melhor identificação das espécies.
Rabies diagnosis in bats is usually performed using the brain of suspected animals. The main hypothesis tested by this work was that aspiration method using plastic pipette (Pasteur type) was effective in the collection of bat brain sample for rabies diagnosis when compared to the opening skull method. A total of two hundred bats of four species were studied: Molossus rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805), Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766), Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) and Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821). The proportion of brain weight compared to body weight was statistically higher when using the traditional method, although the brain mass collected by aspiration method was enough for rabies diagnosis. Results demonstrate that independently of the collecting method, both gated to detect positive samples and the aspiration method has the advantage of skull preservation, permitting the identification of the species.
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CamurÃa, Ernestina Maria Nunes. "AvaliaÃÃo da aplicaÃÃo das boas prÃticas de laboratÃrio e sistemas da qualidade, em InstituiÃÃes PÃblicas de Pesquisa e Ensino Superior na Ãrea de SaÃde no Brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=182.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEste trabalho teve como objetivo incentivar a implantaÃÃo de tÃcnicas de gerenciamento e procedimentos de boas prÃticas de laboratÃrio junto a Rede Brasileira de LaboratÃrios - REBLAS a partir da avaliaÃÃo de diagnÃstico situacional, a qual foi realizada atravÃs da aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrios em laboratÃrios de instituiÃÃes pÃblicas de ensino superior e pesquisa na Ãrea da saÃde em quatro capitais brasileiras. Metodologia: A pesquisa de campo foi realizada atravÃs de visitas em laboratÃrios de instituiÃÃes de ensino superior e pesquisa para diagnosticar a situaÃÃo dos mesmos por meio de entrevistas com aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrios. O tamanho da amostra foi estabelecido em cinqÃenta (50) pesquisadores, distribuÃdos em instituiÃÃes de ensino e pesquisa de quatro (04) capitais brasileiras. Em cada instituiÃÃo foram selecionados laboratÃrios e identificados os pesquisadores responsÃveis para serem entrevistados. Em seguida foi elaborado um diagnÃstico situacional dos laboratÃrios atravÃs dos quais foram comparados modelos de boas prÃticas de laboratÃrio previamente existentes na literatura com aqueles dos laboratÃrios entrevistados, os quais foram avaliados e conduzidos sob sigilo absoluto, de modo a manter a integridade dos laboratÃrios e instituiÃÃes em questÃo. Resultados: atravÃs do diagnÃstico situacional dos laboratÃrios foram desenvolvidos modelos de procedimentos de boas prÃticas de laboratÃrio e garantia da qualidade (procedimentos operacionais padrÃo e formulÃrios), os quais poderÃo ser implantados e implementados em laboratÃrios de instituiÃÃes pÃblicas de ensino superior e pesquisa existente no Brasil. ConclusÃo: As concepÃÃes teÃricas que fundamentaram a dissertaÃÃo foram analisadas e comparadas com as pesquisas teÃricas e de campo e viabilizaram a escolha e elaboraÃÃo de tÃcnicas de gerenciamento e procedimentos padronizados em funÃÃo do diagnÃstico situacional dos laboratÃrios entrevistados. Isso poderà refletir na comunidade cientÃfica uma confiabilidade em decorrÃncia da implantaÃÃo de procedimentos e tÃcnicas padronizadas e no futuro permitirà que os laboratÃrios possam ser credenciados na - REBLAS, conferindo seguranÃa aos pesquisadores, bem como, reprodutibilidade dos resultados.
To make possible the implantation of management techniques and good practice of laboratory on the Brazilian Net of Laboratories - REBLAS from an evaluation of diagnosis, for the application of questionnaires in laboratories of public institutions of superior education and health research, in four Brazilian capitals. Methodology: The research was carried through visits in laboratories of institutions of superior education and health research, to diagnosis the situation of them by interviews with application of questionnaires. The size of the sample was in fifty (50) researchers, distributed in institutions of education and research of four (04) Brazilian capitals. In each institution had been selected a laboratories and identified the responsible researchers to be interviewed. After that, a diagnosis of the situation of the laboratories was elaborated, and been compared with previously existing models of good practice of laboratory in literature, which had been evaluated and lead under absolute secrecy, in order to keep the integrity of the laboratories and institutions in question. Results: through the diagnosis of the laboratories were developed models of good practice of laboratory and quality warranty (operational procedures standard and forms), which could be implanted and be implemented in laboratories of institutions of existing health education and research in Brazil. Conclusion: The theoretical conceptions that had based the study had been analyzed and compared with the theoretical research and on field and had made possible the choice and elaboration of management techniques and standardized procedures in function of the diagnosis of the interviewed laboratories. This will be able to reflect trust in the scientific community through the implantation of procedures and standardized techniques and in the future those laboratories may be credential in the REBLAS, conferring security to the researchers, as well as, credibility of the results.
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Fischer, Shira H. "Factors Associated with Ordering and Completion of Laboratory Monitoring Tests for High-Risk Medications in the Ambulatory Setting: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/543.
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Since the Institute of Medicine highlighted the devastating impact of medical errors in their seminal report, “To Err is Human” (2000), efforts have been underway to improve patient safety. A portion of medical errors are due to medication errors, and a large portion of these can be attributed to inadequate laboratory monitoring.
In this thesis, I attempt to address this small but important corner of this patient safety endeavor. Why are patients not getting their laboratory monitoring tests? Do they fail to complete them or do doctors not order the tests in the first place? Which prescribers and which patients are least likely to do what is needed for testing to happen and what interventions would be most promising?
To address these questions, I conducted a systematic review of existing interventions. I then proceeded with three aims: 1) To identify reasons that patients give for missing monitoring tests; 2) To identify patient and provider factors associated with monitoring test ordering; and 3) To identify patient and provider factors associated with completion of ordered testing.
To achieve these aims, I worked with patients and data at the Fallon Clinic. For aim 1, I conducted a qualitative analysis of their reasons for missing tests as well as reporting completion and ordering rates. For aims 2 and 3, I used electronic medical record data and conducted a regression with patient and provider characteristics as covariates to identify factors contributing to test ordering and completion.
Interviews revealed that patients had few barriers to completion, with forgetting being the most common reason for missing a test. The quantitative studies showed that: older patients with more interactions with the health care system were more likely to have tests ordered and were more likely to complete them; providers who more frequently prescribe a drug were more likely to order testing for it; and drug-test combinations that were particularly dangerous, indicated by a black box warning, were more likely to have appropriate ordering, though for these combinations, primary care providers were less likely to order tests appropriately, and patients were less likely to complete tests.
Taken together, my work can inform future interventions in laboratory monitoring and patient safety.
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Hill, Owen T. "Improving prostate cancer detection in veterans through the developement of a clinical decision rule for prostate biopsy." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001575.
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Gonçales, Juliano Ferreira. "Avaliação do método de sucção de encéfalo de morcegos (Chiroptera, Mammalia) para diagnóstico da raiva /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94745.
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Orientador: Luzia Helena Queiroz da SilvaBanca: Wagner Andre Pedro
Banca: Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha
Resumo: O diagnóstico laboratorial da raiva em morcegos é realizado utilizando-se, principalmente, o encéfalo do animal suspeito. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi testar a hipótese de que o método de aspiração com pipeta plástica (tipo Pasteur) é eficaz na obtenção de encéfalo de morcegos para a realização do diagnóstico comparado com o método tradicional de abertura de crânio. Para tanto, estudaram-se quatro espécies diferentes de morcegos, Molossus rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805), Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766), Artibeus lituratus (Olfers,1818) e Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), totalizando 200 amostras. A quantidade de massa encefálica obtida pelo método tradicional foi significativamente maior, contudo, o material colhido pela aspiração foi suficiente para a execução do diagnóstico da doença. Ambos os métodos detectaram indivíduos positivos, sendo que o método de aspiração teve a vantagem de preservar o crânio possibilitando melhor identificação das espécies.
Abstract: Rabies diagnosis in bats is usually performed using the brain of suspected animals. The main hypothesis tested by this work was that aspiration method using plastic pipette (Pasteur type) was effective in the collection of bat brain sample for rabies diagnosis when compared to the opening skull method. A total of two hundred bats of four species were studied: Molossus rufus (E. Geoffroy, 1805), Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766), Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) and Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821). The proportion of brain weight compared to body weight was statistically higher when using the traditional method, although the brain mass collected by aspiration method was enough for rabies diagnosis. Results demonstrate that independently of the collecting method, both gated to detect positive samples and the aspiration method has the advantage of skull preservation, permitting the identification of the species.
Mestre
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Vituri, Cidônia de Lourdes. "Efeito da desnutrição protéica sobre a matriz extracelular da medula óssea de camundongos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-09042015-124142/.
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As células sangüíneas originam-se da medula óssea através da célula tronco que sofre processo de proliferação, diferenciação e maturação no microambiente hematopoiético. O microambiente hematopoiético é uma estrutura altamente organizada composta de células estromais, moléculas da matriz extracelular (MEC) e citocinas. A desnutrição protéico-energética diminui a produção de células sangüíneas e interfere na defesa do organismo. Neste trabalho estudamos os efeitos da desnutrição protéica (dieta contendo 4% de caseína) sobre a MEC da medula óssea em camundongos. Avaliamos a composição da MEC através de SDS-PAGE 7,5% e Western blot para Fibronectina (FN), laminina (LN) e trombospondina (TSP). Verificamos a capacidade da MEC aderir e sustentar proliferação da célula mielóide FDC-P1, na ausência e na presença de citocinas (GM-CSF e IL3). Avaliamos também a capacidade de ligação destas citocinas na MEC. O perfil eletroforético mostrou diferenças nas proteínas da MEC do animal desnutrido em relação ao controle. Através da densitometria dos géis observamos nas amostras obtidas do animal desnutrido, maior intensidade nas bandas de peso molecular 220, 182, 108 e 56 KDa em relação ao controle. Em 72 KDa a banda foi mais intensa nas amostras dos animais controles. A banda de 60 KDa foi evidenciada apenas nas amostras obtidas dos animais desnutridos. As bandas de 123 e 49 KDa foram evidenciadas apenas nas amostras dos animais controles. A expressão de FN, LN e TSP foi maior nas amostras obtidas dos animais desnutridos. Os ensaios de adesão e proliferação na presença e ausência de citocinas não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as amostras. Quando avaliamos a capacidade da MEC ligar-se ao GM-CSF, houve maior interação com a MEC proveniente do animal desnutrido do que a MEC do animal controle. O teste de ligação para o IL3 não mostrou diferenças entre as amostras. Esses achados sugerem que a desnutrição protéica induz modificações na MEC, alterando o microambiente hematopoiético.Blood cells have their origin at the bone marrow through the stem cell which undergoes a proliferation, differentiation and maturation process in the hematopoietic microenvironment. The hematopoietic environment is a highly organized structure formed by stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, and cytokines. Protein-energy malnutrition reduces the production of blood cells, interfering with the defense of the organism. In the present work we have studied the effects protein malnutrition has on the ECM of bone marrow in mice. We have evaluated ECM composition by means of SDS PAGE 7,5% and Western blot for fibronectin (FN), laminin (LN) and thrombospondin (TSP). We assessed the capacity ECM has in adhesion and support of proliferation of the FDC-P1 myeloid cell both in the absence and in the presence of GM-CSF and IL3 cytokines. We have also measured the binding capacity of these cytokines in the ECM. The electrophoresis profile showed the existence of differences between the ECM proteins in the undernourished animal and the control. Using gel densitometry, we observed in samples from the undernourished animal a greater intensity of bands of 220, 182, 108, 60 and 56 KDa molecular weight as compared to control. At 72 KDa the band was more intense on samples from control animals. The 60 KDa band was evident only on samples taken from undernourished animals. The 123 and 49 KDa bands were evident on control animals only. Expression of FN, LN, and TSP was greater on samples from undernourished animals. Adhesion and proliferation assays, both in the presence and in the absence of cytokines, did not show significant differences among samples. When we evaluated the capacity ECM has to bind to GM-CSF, a greater interaction was seen with the ECM from the undernourished animal than the ECM from the control. Binding test for IL3 showed no differences existed among samples. Such findings suggest protein malnutrition causes alterations of the ECM, modifying the hematopoietic microenvironment.
Books on the topic "Laboratory Techniques and Procedures"
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D, Isenberg Henry, ed. Clinical microbiology procedures handbook. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2010.
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J, Berger Barbara, ed. Laboratory tests & diagnostic procedures. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders, 2004.
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J, Vandepitte, and World Health Organization, eds. Basic laboratory procedures in clinical bacteriology. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2003.
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C, Chernecky Cynthia, and Berger Barbara J, eds. Laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Saunders/Elsevier, 2008.
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C, Chernecky Cynthia, and Berger Barbara J, eds. Laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Saunders/Elsevier, 2008.
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Shore, Garcia Lynne, and Isenberg Henry D, eds. Clinical microbiology procedures handbook. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2007.
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Jespersen, Jørgen, Rogier M. Bertina, and F. Haverkate, eds. ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3.
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Jørgen, Jespersen, Bertina Rogier M, Haverkate F. 1931-, European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities (Committee), and Commission of the European Communities., eds. ECAT assay procedures: A manual of laboratory techniques. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.
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Danielle, Wilken, Palko Tom, and Palko Tom, eds. Palko's medical laboratory procedures. 3rd ed. Boston: McGraw Hill Higher Education, 2011.
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J, Vandepitte, ed. Basic laboratory procedures in clinical bacteriology. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Laboratory Techniques and Procedures"
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Hodzic, Emir. "Basic Techniques and Procedures." In Interpretation of Equine Laboratory Diagnostics, 13–21. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118922798.ch2.
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Green, Owen R. "Safety Procedures in the Laboratory." In A Manual of Practical Laboratory and Field Techniques in Palaeobiology, 68–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0581-3_9.
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Green, Owen R. "Field Collecting Procedures." In A Manual of Practical Laboratory and Field Techniques in Palaeobiology, 20–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0581-3_3.
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Green, Owen R. "Palaeontological Techniques — An Introduction to Practical Procedures." In A Manual of Practical Laboratory and Field Techniques in Palaeobiology, 2–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0581-3_1.
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Thompson, S. G., and J. M. Thomson. "Quality assessment of haemostatic assays." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 1–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_1.
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Conard, J. "Antithrombin III activity and antigen." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 77–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_10.
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Bertina, R. M. "Protein C activity and antigen." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 85–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_11.
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Bertina, R. M. "Protein S antigen." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 99–108. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_12.
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Haeberli, A. "Fibrinopeptide A (FPA)." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 109–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_13.
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Harenberg, J. "Thrombin—antithrombin III complexes." In ECAT Assay Procedures A Manual of Laboratory Techniques, 117–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2992-3_14.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Laboratory Techniques and Procedures"
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Bartelmo, Sally, Sreehari Rajan, Ning Li, Michael Sutton, and Dimitrios C. Rizos. "Digital Image Correlation Techniques for Prestressed Concrete Tie Quality Control." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5842.
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Qualification of prestressed concrete railroad ties is currently performed through testing at the design level following established AREMA guidelines, while important parameters, such as the strand transfer length, are typically not identified. Conventional testing practices are time demanding, expensive and labor intensive. Consequently, implementation of highly reliable, yet cost effective, quality control procedures at the tie production stage is highly appropriate and desired. In this work, the authors developed a stereo-vision system for both laboratory and industrial environments to measure the 3-D strain fields on the surfaces of prestressed concrete railroad ties. The proposed measurement system is based on the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques developed in University of South Carolina (USC) laboratories over the past three decades. It is a non-destructive, non-contacting technique that has been successfully applied to obtain full-field measurements for a wide range of materials, loading types and temperature conditions. Known as 3D-DIC or Stereo-DIC, the method employs a stereo-vision system to successfully perform quality assessment of concrete ties in relation to the determination of: (i) the transfer length in both laboratory and production facility environments and (ii) full strain fields during product qualification tests to identify product defects. The proposed procedure is introduced and verified through application in a laboratory environment. The implementation of the method is presented and the cost effectiveness, accuracy, and versatility are discussed.
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Whitmore, Stacey. "Procedure Parsing: A Method for Parsing Handwritten Documents into Computer-Based Procedures." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002518.
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The nuclear industry is heavily procedure driven, where almost everything has a step-by-step instruction that is expected to be followed in detail. Historically, these procedures were printed on paper copies. Recently, the industry transitioned towards electronic copies (i.e., PDFs on tablets). One major drive for this transition is the introduction of human error and loss of situation awareness when using paper copies. However, electronic copies of documents inherently have the same error traps as their paper cousins. Therefore, there is an increased interest in a way to utilize the information in the step-by-step guidance, but to present it in a dynamic manner that guides the user and adapts to any encountered conditions. Researchers at Idaho National Laboratory propose a flexible, automated method based on document parsing and augmented by natural language processing (NLP) techniques, to address these shortcomings and capitalize on these recent advancements in machine learning. The proposed method provides a cost-effective solution for computer-assisted procedure parsing of hand-written control room procedures, originally authored in Word or PDF formats, into instructions that can be displayed as computer-based procedures (CBP) in a modern graphical user interface. The researchers devised, implemented and demonstrated the Operating Procedure Extender for Novel Systems (OPENS) method in 2020. The key to OPENS is to map the original procedure text into a context-free grammar, tying content to equipment, locations, and other steps, actions, etc. This formal grammar is then used to isolate and define keywords and actions verbs, such as “measure” or “evaluate” and tie them to specific equipment referenced within that step or located in other steps, substeps, actions, subactions and tables throughout the procedure. OPENS generates an abstract syntax tree from the document which it uses to store a copy of this information in the open-standard, machine-readable and human-readable file formats XML and JSON. The XML is useful to preserve the relational aspects of the procedure for referencing tables and branching information so the user can be directed to the next appropriate active step based on the values entered for that step and previous steps. The JSON is useful for storing and exchanging data objects used to track responses to previous steps and state changes in simulated environments. In future iterations, these formats can also be used for storing more detailed information about input during plant operation or simulation. The techniques the researcher developed could further be improved by integration of recent advancements in machine learning. NLP methods could standardize documents, correct for grammatical error, and provide automated semantic validation. The researcher expects that self-supervised techniques applied to collections of natural language instructions could strengthen the model with broader context. All these methods together give us a practical way to automatically extract protocols from documents and user interactions, empowering researchers, procedure writers and nuclear operators while moving the industry forward.
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Nishimura, S. "Measuring Soil Stiffness in Laboratory Testing: New, Alternative Techniques & Insights From Them." In Innovative Geotechnologies for Energy Transition. Society for Underwater Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3723/icrp2635.
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Methods for measuring soil stiffness in laboratory have been developed and advanced for some decades, with many innovations in the 1980s-2000s. They are widely adopted in research and practice today. As the mechanical theory of soil stiffness and associated testing procedures become better established, we are in a phase to seek more easily implementable testing methods requiring less training and hardware investment. This paper introduces examples of new options in soil laboratory towards this objective, and discusses how commonly available tools and tweaks of theory implementation can lead to alternative methods of stiffness quantification. Two long-standing issues concerning soil stiffness - anisotropy and nonlinearity - will be focused on to make this point. Various levels of visualisation, including image analysis and charting of measurements, is shown to be useful in understanding the soil stiffness characteristics better. New techniques may potentially lead to simpler hardware designs with less device congestion and electronic tuning, facilitating advanced stiffness characterisation tests in less equipped laboratories.
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Brown, Stuart, Christopher Muhlstein, Cameron Abnet, and Clarence Chui. "MEMS Testing Techniques for Long-Term Stability." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1150.
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Abstract Development of film processing technologies in the past decade has allowed the rapid application of MEMS to long-term, safety-critical and high performance applications. However, our understanding of the fundamental limitations of these small, structural components has evolved more slowly. The Micro-Structural Research Laboratory (μ-SRL) at Exponent has led the development of mechanical testing and qualification procedures for government and corporate MEMS. Current efforts to characterize mechanical properties of structural films include evaluating elastic properties and strength, fracture toughness, fatigue crack initiation and growth, and time-dependent phenomena such as creep.
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Sauer, J. P. "Training in Coating Evaluation Techniques - A Unique Approach for Discussion." In ITSC 1996, edited by C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1996p0773.
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Abstract The Central Coatings Laboratory (CCL) is a program that deals with training in coating evaluation techniques. The approach uses a combination of both theoretical and hands-on instruction to teach various concepts. The system is educational based, incorporating a philosophy of making the students problem solvers in lieu of following "cookbook" evaluation procedures. Examples of teaching techniques will be discussed and suggested course material reviewed to highlight this training philosophy.
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Factor, M., and I. Roman. "A Critical Evaluation of the Employment of Microhardness Techniques for Characterizing and Optimizing Thermal Spray Coatings." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p1345.
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Abstract Frequent reporting of microhardness data for thermal spray coatings testifies to the widespread use of this technique for coatings characterization. However, inadequate reporting of microhardness procedures makes comparisons between published coatings hardness statistics difficult and it appears that both microhardness in general and its significance to characterizing thermal spray coatings in particular, are poorly understood. This paper demonstrates that though microindentation technique is a useful laboratory procedure that can be used for coatings optimization, research and quality control purposes, poor understanding often leads to worthless data and thus to erroneous conclusions. A high quality WC-12%Co coating supplied by Sulzer Metco was hardness tested on both the polished cross-section and plane surface of the coating. Contributions to the variance in results obtained and sources of significant errors are discussed and conclusions are drawn regarding the methodology and suitability of hardness testing for characterizing thermal spray coatings. The limits in repeatability and reproducibility of Vickers microhardness data for hard metal thermal spray coatings are discussed. The necessity for rigorous statistical procedures of data analysis is demonstrated. It is suggested that the technique is inherently unsuitable for characterizing hard thermal spray coatings due to poor intrinsic reproducibility.
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Babadimas, John Michael, John Bretherton, Janelle Lawer, Ben van Deijl, Brian Toole, Mark Anderson, Damien Gerard, and Jack Harfoushian. "Early and Accurate Quantification of Mercury Contaminant Levels in Gas-Condensate Reservoirs." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215405-ms.
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Abstract Mercury is a trace contaminant present in natural gas and condensates. Production facilities must be designed to remove anticipated mercury contamination in natural gas streams to meet process safety, health, environmental, regulatory and sales requirements. Early and accurate quantification of mercury concentration levels is therefore critical for the safe and economic development of gas resources. This paper introduces reservoir fluid sampling and mercury analysis techniques demonstrated to accurately determine the mercury concentrations in gas-condensate reservoirs. The mercury analysis of reservoir fluid samples acquired with formation sampling tools often misrepresent mercury concentration levels measured later during production. This is due to the highly volatile and reactive nature of mercury, particularly with uncoated metallic surfaces. Laboratory experiments were conducted to develop procedures for accurate and repeatable analysis of mercury concentrations in gas sampling systems. Methane was contaminated with precise concentrations of mercury to facilitate a range of experiments examining both the contamination and scavenging behaviour of mercury in sample chambers. Uncontaminated methane was used as a baseline for background testing sample chambers and laboratory equipment. The experiments identified the presence of residual mercury contamination in sample chambers and laboratory equipment previously exposed to mercury. Cleaning procedures involving the thermal desorption of residual mercury were developed and proven to ensure sampling chambers and laboratory equipment were free of any mercury contamination. Without applying cleaning procedures, any residual mercury would contribute to incorrectly overpredicting the mercury concentrations of reservoir fluids captured in the sample chambers. Subsequent experiments showed that even inert coatings do not completely prevent mercury adsorption to internal metallic chamber walls. Heating the sample chambers to 140 °C was found to release most of the adsorbed mercury back into the gas phase, with a wash procedure required to recover all the remaining mercury and avoid incorrectly underpredicting the actual mercury concentration levels due to scavenging. By implementing a combination of procedural changes, sampling tool modifications and improved measurement techniques, it is possible to acquire reservoir fluid samples with formation sampling tools and accurately measure mercury concentrations representative of that produced from the reservoir. The case study of a gas-condensate field is used to demonstrate that by following the novel techniques introduced in this paper, reservoir fluid samples acquired from wells using formation sampling tools and analysed for mercury can accurately represent the mercury concentration levels measured later during the production phase. Processing facilities can then be appropriately designed or modified early in the field development lifecycle to remove any anticipated mercury in natural gas process streams.
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Asadi, Mahmoud, Brain Ainley, David Archacki, Eric Aubry, Harold Brannon, Ali Ghalambor, Mark Parker, and Russell Watson. "A New Technical Standard Procedure to Measure Stimulation and Gravel-pack Fluid Leak-off under Dynamic Conditions." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-173388-ms.
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Abstract Historically, leak-off analyses of stimulation fluids have been performed using in-house laboratory procedures. The lack of industry standard procedures to perform leak-off and wall building coefficient analyses of stimulation fluids has introduced inconsistency in both results and reporting for many years. A technical standard adopted in 2006 by both API and ISO for static conditions has provided the oil and gas industry with the first standardized procedure to measure and report leak-off1. However, the more complex testing under dynamic conditions was not addressed. As a result, a group of industry experts have compiled their years of experiences in developing a new technical standard to measure the leak-off characteristics of stimulation and gravel-pack fluids under dynamic flow conditions. Stimulation and gravel-pack fluids are defined, for the purpose of this technical standard, as fluids used to enhance production from oil and gas wells by fracturing and fluids used to place filtration media to control formation sand production from oil and gas wells. Leak-off is the amount of fluid lost to porous media during these operations. The leak-off procedure was developed through the colaberation of several industry companies by evaluating numerous in-house laboratory techniques and conducting round robin testing to ensure that any modifications to these procedures were reliable and repeatable. The new standard provides a step-by-step procedure that includes fluid preparation, experimental equipment design, testing procedure and data analyses for fluids exhibiting viscosity controlled leak-off or wall building characteristics. Example calculations are reviewed within this paper.
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Harris, Nancy A., and Peter C. Mitalas. "HYSWAS Calm Water Testing Techniques." In SNAME 26th American Towing Tank Conference. SNAME, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/attc-2001-025.
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This paper describes experimental techniques developed at the Naval Academy Hydrodynamics Laboratory (NAHL) during the 2000-2001 academic year to study the calm water performance of a Hydrofoil Small Waterplane Area Ship (HYSWAS). Contributions include a review of the experimental setup and a systematic procedure for studying pitch-heave equilibrium.
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Donato, Gustavo H. B., and Claudio Ruggieri. "Estimation Procedures for J and CTOD Fracture Parameters Using Three-Point Bend Specimens." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10165.
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This work presents the development of J and CTOD estimation procedures for deep and shallow cracked bend specimens based upon plastic eta factors and rotational factors. The techniques considered include: i) estimating J and CTOD from plastic work and ii) estimating CTOD from the plastic rotational factor. The primary objective is to derive estimation techniques which are applicable to determine J and CTOD fracture parameters for a wide range of a/W-ratios and material flow properties. Very detailed non-linear finite element analyses for plane-strain models provide the evolution of load with increased load-line displacement and crack mouth opening displacement which are required for the estimation procedure. Laboratory testing of a structural steel using shallow and deep crack bend specimens provide the data needed to determine the CTOD-values for the material based upon the proposed methodology. These fracture toughness values are compared against the results obtained based upon the estimation equations given by BS 7448. The present analyses, when taken together with previous studies, provide a fairly extensive body of results which serve to determine parameters J and CTOD using bend specimens with varying geometries.
Reports on the topic "Laboratory Techniques and Procedures"
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Bell, Gary, Jeremy Sharp, Tate McAlpin, Anthony Jackson, and George Herring. Laboratory techniques and procedures using lidar. Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (U.S.), January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/26288.
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Yechkalo, Yuliia, Viktoriia Tkachuk, Tetiana Hruntova, Dmytro Brovko, and Vitaliy Tron. Augmented Reality in Training Engineering Students: Teaching Techniques. [б. в.], June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3176.
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The research aim. The research is intended to theoretically substantiate, develop and test methods of applying augmented reality to training future engineers. The research tasks include adaptation of augmented reality tools to apply them to laboratory classes while training future engineers; visualization of theoretical models of physical phenomena and processes using augmented reality tools; theoretical substantiation and development of methods of applying augmented reality to training future engineers. The research object is training future engineers at engineering universities. The research subject is methods of applying augmented reality to training future engineers. The research results are the following. There are analyzed national and foreign researches into issues of applying augmented reality to training future engineers at engineering universities. The augmented reality tools (HP Reveal) is adapted to be used in laboratory classes in physics while training future engineers. There are created augmented reality objects in the form of educational videos in which the structure of laboratory machines and procedures of working with them are explained. Methods of applying augmented reality to training future engineers at engineering universities are developed.
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Balkanska, Eleonora, Stoyan Georgiev, Alexandre Kounov, Takahiro Tagami, and Shigeru Sueoka. Fission-track Analysis Using LA-ICP-MS: Techniques and Procedures Adopted at the New Low-temperature Thermochronology Laboratory in Bulgaria. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.01.13.
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Lawson, K. M., and N. G. Thompson. PR-186-9412-R01 Cathodic Protection in DC Stray Current Areas. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011920.
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The objectives of the research were (1) to develop reliable measurement techniques to assess the level of cathodic protection (CP) in stray current areas, (2) to develop reliable CP criteria in the presence of stray currents, and (3) to identify and assess procedures used to mitigate any deleterious effects of the stray currents. The scope of the effort focused on the review of existing technology for the criteria, measurement techniques, and mitigation procedures. In addition, new technologies for pipeline monitoring were developed. Assessment of the new and existing technologies was conducted in both field and laboratory evaluations.
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Eiber. L51786 Development of Optimized Nondestructive Inspection Methods for Hot Tap Branch Connection Welds. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010388.
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In the first two phases of this project, the accuracy and reliability of both conventional and more advanced nondestructive inspection techniques were evaluated by way of a round-robin program of blind inspections The results indicate that there is much variability in the accuracy and reliability of discontinuity detection and sizing depending on details of the NDT procedures adopted, which includes specification of equipment, techniques, calibration methods, and reporting requirements. In Phase III, optimized procedures for sleeve fillet welds and a limited number of branch groove welds were developed in the laboratory using fabricated assemblies containing Intentionally placed discontinuities. In response to a recommendation in Phase Ill, the current phase developed optimized procedures for a wide range of branch groove welds. The results of this phase indicate that the reliability and accuracy of nondestructive inspection techniques is not as high as obtained for sleeve fillet welds in the previous phase of the program In particular, the detection of sub-surface discontinuities by ultrasonic inspection is made more difficult by the added complexity of the branch weld geometries. As with sleeve fillet welds however, the probability of detecting weld toe cracks of a significant size can be quite good.
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Filkorn, Harry F. 40Ar/39Ar Geochronology Results From the Haycock Mountain, Little Creek Peak, and Panguitch Lake Quadrangles, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-751.
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This open-file report makes available raw analytical data from laboratory procedures completed to determine the age of rock samples collected during geologic investigations in southwestern Utah by Harry Filkorn (Pierce College, California) in 20182019. Table 1 provides sample identifications, locations, and notes for the age data. The references listed near the end of the document generally provide additional information such as sample location, geologic setting, and significance or interpretation of the samples in the context of the area where they were collected. This report was prepared by NIGL under contract to Filkorn. These data are highly technical in nature and proper interpretation requires considerable training in the applicable geochronologic techniques.
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Robinett, Fred. PR-471-14207-R02 Field Pump Performance Testing Procedure Phase II Proof of Concept Testing. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011491.
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Proof of Concept Testing was performed to verify the Field Pump Performance Testing Procedure developed in Phase I of the project before applying it in the field where costs are higher. Testing was performed in Sulzer's pump test laboratory, in Winterthur Switzerland, using a model pump with similar specific speed and design as used in many crude oil pipeline installations. Testing included a baseline test with water and five tests with mineral oil at viscosities varying from 95 to 500 cSt. To validate field pump performance testing techniques several measurements were taken using different methods as described in the field testing procedure. The various measurements are analyzed for accuracy to assure competent measurements when applied in the field. This work will benefit the liquids pipeline operators by validating the field test procedure prior to actual field testing, thereby providing assurance and acceptance of the methods. Also by completing this study measurement techniques that do not provide accurate results can be identified and eliminated.
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Krabill, Eleanor, Vivienne Zhang, Eric Lepowsky, Christoph Wirz, Alexander Glaser, Jaewoo Shin, Veronika Bedenko, and Pavel Podvig. Menzingen Verification Experiment - Verifying the Absence of Nuclear Weapons in the Field. Edited by Pavel Podvig. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/23/mve.
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The Menzingen Verification Experiment described in this report was designed to test practical procedures for verifying the absence of nuclear weapons at a storage site. The experiment, which was conducted on 8 March 2023, was organized by UNIDIR in partnership with the Swiss Armed Forces, Spiez Laboratory, Princeton University’s Program on Science and Global Security, and the Open Nuclear Network. The project was supported by the Governments of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Norway, and Switzerland. The experiment modelled an on-site inspection of a nuclear weapons storage site, represented by a former air defence site near Menzingen, Switzerland. In preparation for the experiment, UNIDIR developed a model protocol governing the inspection activities. Together with its partners, it designed procedures to confirm the non-nuclear nature of the inspected items, including radiation measurements with active sources, and arranged for the acquisition of satellite imagery of the site. The scenario developed for the experiment assumed that the inspection was conducted as part of an agreement that requires the parties to remove all nuclear weapons from storage sites associated with military bases that host nuclear-capable delivery systems. The inspection procedures used in the experiment were modelled on those developed for the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty and New START. The Menzingen Verification Experiment demonstrated in practice the viability of the approach to nuclear disarmament based on removing nuclear weapons from their delivery systems. It provided an opportunity to test in practice specific verification procedures and techniques, provided valuable insights into the challenges that can be encountered during an on-site inspection, and identified promising new approaches to verification that can create political space for arms control and disarmament initiatives.
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Tao, Gang, and Brian Wagg. PR-244-16704-R01 Casing Corrosion Logging Tool Test. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011626.
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Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI) contracted C-FER Technologies (1999) Inc. ("C-FER") to conduct a laboratory testing program to evaluate the performance of various casing corrosion logging techniques and tools. An additional objective of this test program was to evaluate the influence of the wellhead and outer casing strings on the response of magnetic flux leakage tools, and to evaluate the thru-tubing logging technique. A test well was set up with a string of 4.5 inch diameter tubing joints (~150 ft total length) hanging concentrically inside a string of 7 inch diameter casing joints (~75 ft total length) attached to a wellhead. The entire test well assembly was hung vertically within C-FER's Deep Well Simulator. A combination of artificial metal loss features and natural corrosion features were present on the tubing and casing joints. Several casing corrosion logging vendors were invited to log the test tubing string with various logging tools. The logging test results were provided to C-FER and analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of each logging tool and the associated interpretation techniques. This report describes the test setup and procedure, the tool performance evaluation results, and considerations for future initiatives.
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Thompson and Lawson. L51792 External Corrosion Control Monitoring Practices - Volumes I and II. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010173.
Full textAbstract:
The primary means of corrosion control for buried pipelines is the use of an external pipeline coating and the application of cathodic protection (CP). Monitoring the effectiveness of the corro sion control system is critical to the safe operation of natural gas pipelines. NACE International has established criteria andrecommended practices for monitoring the effectiveness of CP systems (RPO169-96). These practices and criteria have generally been accepted by regulatory agencies. Over the years a significant amount of research has been performed that is related to monitoring practices. Much of this research has been directed at improving measurement techniques that are aimed at satisfying the NACE criteria. In general, no significant effort has been made to incorporate research into currently used monitoring practices. The overall objectives of this project were (1) to consolidate research previously performed on monitoring the effectiveness of cathodic protection of pipelines, (2) to analyze the different monitoring techniques in light of the research, and (3) to produce monitoring guidelines that describe the application of these monitoring techniques for typical natural gas pipelines. The scope of this project was limited to the review of previous work, both PRCI funded and the open literature, and discussions with industry personnel. No field work or laboratory experiments were conducted. This project was further limited to the review of methodologies related to monitoring the effectiveness of the CP system and does not include methods for evaluating coatings. The research project was divided into the following two tasks: Task 1 - Review of Research and Practices and Task 2 - Development of Guidelines. This work was a consolidation of research that has been performed by the PRCI and others over the past several years. This review took the individual monitoring techniques (on-potential, off-potential, depolarized potential, close interval survey, etc.) and applied them to the typical pipeline scenarios (poorly-coated line, well-coated line, foreign line crossing, area with dynamic stray current, etc.). Each individual monitoring technique is summarized in terms of purpose, description, application, limitations, special considerations, and equipment requirements. Each pipeline scenario is supported with composite and line maps and the guidelines for each scenario are described in terms of a general description, applicable techniques, special considerations, measurement procedures, measurement locations, measurement frequency, applicable criteria, and data interpretation.