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Journal articles on the topic 'Labour – Great Britain'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wright, Robert E., John F. Ermisch, P. R. Andrew Hinde, and Heather E. Joshi. "The third birth in Great Britain." Journal of Biosocial Science 20, no. 4 (1988): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017612.

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SummaryThe relationship between female labour force participation, and other socioeconomic factors, and the probability of having a third birth is examined, using British data collected in the 1980 Women and Employment Survey, by hazard regression modelling with time-varying covariates. The results demonstrate the strong association between demographic factors, e.g. age at first birth and birth interval and subsequent fertility behaviour. Education appears to have little effect. Surprisingly, women who have spent a higher proportion of time as housewives have a lower risk of having a third bir

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2

Guariglia, Alessandra. "Superstores and Labour Demand: Evidence from Great Britain." Journal of Applied Economics 5, no. 2 (2002): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2002.12040578.

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Hepworth, M. E., A. E. Green, and A. E. Gillespie. "The Spatial Division of Information Labour in Great Britain." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 19, no. 6 (1987): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a190793.

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In this paper the prevailing geography of the information economy in Great Britain is examined. Attention is focused on the 1981 labour-force share of information occupations at the level of standard regions. This occupation approach, as developed by Porat, is interrelated with Singlemann's sectoral classification in order to provide a new view of the information-based service economy in a regional context. The spatial division of information labour in Great Britain is identified and its theoretical and policy implications are discussed. It is shown that, despite regional differences in indust

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Lever, W. F. "THE OPERATION OF LOCAL LABOUR MARKETS IN GREAT BRITAIN." Papers in Regional Science 44, no. 1 (2005): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.1980.tb01088.x.

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5

Medineckiene, Milena, and Viktorija Kirdaite. "Evaluation of Influencing Factors on Great Britain‘S Export Values." Economics and Culture 18, no. 1 (2021): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jec-2021-0005.

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Abstract Research purpose. The research aimed at identifying the main factors influencing export values in the region of Great Britain (GB) for the period of the last 30 years. Design / Methodology / Approach. In order to implement the investigation, the following tasks were intended: (1) To analyse scientific literature and mark out at least five non - dependent variables that impact export values of Great Britain. (2) Basing on findings, outlined in a scientific review, suggest or choose the methodology that is the most appropriate for this kind of tasks’ determination. (3) Collect the data

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Ashmarov, Igor Anatol'evich. "MODELS OF THE LABOUR MARKET AND THEIR FEATURES IN THE WORLD ECONOMY." Journal «Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research» 1, 2018, (February 12, 2018): 25–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2528866.

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We distinguish several different and basic for the world economy labour market models. These models are as follows, namely: 1. Liberal model of the labour market (Great Britain and the USA); 2. Socially oriented model of the labour market (Germany and Sweden); 3. National-traditional model of the labour market (Japan and South Korea); 4. Transit model of the labour market (countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), including Russia, and the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), former socialist countries).

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STANZIANI, ALESSANDRO. "Local Bondage in Global Economies: Servants, wage earners, and indentured migrants in nineteenth-century France, Great Britain, and the Mascarene Islands." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 4 (2013): 1218–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000698.

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AbstractThis paper compares the definitions, practices, and legal constraints on labour in Britain, France, Mauritius, and Reunion Island in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It argues that the way in which indentured labour was defined and practised in the colonies was linked to the definition and practice of wage labour in Europe and that their development was interconnected. The types of bondage that existed in the colonies were extreme forms of the notion, practices, and rules of labour in Europe. It would have been impossible to develop the indenture contract in the British and Fre

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Gospel, Howard F. "The Management of Labour: Great Britain, the US, and Japan." Business History 30, no. 1 (1988): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00076798800000006.

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9

Butcher, Tim, and Gill Hutchinson. "The changing pattern of labour market activity in Great Britain." International Journal of Manpower 17, no. 6/7 (1996): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437729610149349.

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10

Kemp, Peter A. "Housing Benefit: Great Britain in Comparative Perspective." Public Finance and Management 6, no. 1 (2006): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210600600104.

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Britain has a relatively unusual housing allowance scheme compared with those in many other countries. It is also one that has experienced many problems and attracted much criticism. the Labour Government is currently introducing a radical reform of the scheme, which aims to tackle its many problems. the purpose of this article is to consider the British scheme and its planned replacement in comparative perspective. It is argued that, although the new scheme will tackle some of the design faults of the current scheme, other difficulties will be left untouched and important problems with the ad

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11

Susloparova, Elena Alekseevna. "THE WOMEN’S LABOUR MOVEMENT IN GREAT BRITAIN IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD." LOMONOSOV HISTORY JOURNAL 65, no. 2024, №1 (2024): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0083-8-2024-65-1-86-106.

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Th e article focuses on the development of the women’s Labour organization in Great Britain from 1918 to 1939. Aft er the First World War, British social democrats engaged in active agitation and propaganda eff orts, which enabled them to transform and strengthen the party organization signifi cantly in a relatively short period. A key aspect of these reforms was the development of women’s party sections, building on the foundation of the previously existing Women’s Labour League. Th e article highlights the contributions of the activists who were instrumental in the movement’s early days, inc

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12

Devereux, David R. "State Versus Private Ownership: The Conservative Governments and British Civil Aviation 1951–62." Albion 27, no. 1 (1995): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000018536.

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Studies of post-1945 Britain have often concentrated upon political and foreign policy history and are only just now beginning to address the question of the restructuring of the British economy and domestic policy. Civil aviation, a subject of considerable interest to historians of interwar Britain, has not been given a similar degree of attention in the post-1945 era. Civil aviation policy was, however, given a very high priority by both the 1945-51 Labour government and its Conservative successors. Civil aviation represented part of the effort to return Britain to a peacetime economy by tra

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13

Atapin, Evgenii. "Evolution of British Euroscepticism in the Second Half of the 20th Century." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 5 (December 2022): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.5.13.

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Introduction. The United Kingdom is the most prominent example of a Eurosceptic country in the EU. For many years the United Kingdom did not feel a part of Europe. Great Britain was geographically separated from continental Europe and psychologically distant from the European integration movement established by the 1957 Treaty of Rome. The British Eurosceptic tradition rested on these geographic and psychological characteristics. Eurosceptic traditions included political, economic, linguistic, cultural and historical aspects that made it difficult for the United Kingdom to accept European inte

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14

O'Leary, Nigel C., and Peter J. Sloane. "The Return to a University Education in Great Britain." National Institute Economic Review 193 (July 2005): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0027950105058559.

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In this paper, we estimate the rate of return to first degrees, Masters degrees and PhDs in Britain using data from the Labour Force Survey. We estimate returns to broad subject groups and more narrowly defined disciplines, distinguishing returns by gender and controlling for variations in student quality across disciplines. The results reveal considerable heterogeneity in returns to particular degree programmes and by gender, which have important policy implications for charging students for the costs of their education.

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15

Mallier, A. T., and M. J. Rosser. "Changes in the Industrial Distribution of Female Employment in Great Britain, 1951-1981." Work, Employment and Society 1, no. 4 (1987): 463–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017087001004004.

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Over each of the three decades between 1951 and 1981 the total female labour force grew both in absolute numbers and relative to the male labour force. However, there was a tremendous variation in the pattern of change across different industrial sectors, which this paper analyses using Census of Population employment data standardised to the 1968 Standard Industrial Classification. Although the cyclical and substitution theories of the demand for female labour offer a partial explanation for the different patterns of change observed, it is also necessary to take into account other relevant fe

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16

Thompson, James. "The Great Labour Unrest and Political Thought in Britain, 1911-1914." Labour History Review 79, no. 1 (2014): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/lhr.2014.3.

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17

Fieldhouse, E. A., and M. I. Gould. "Ethnic Minority Unemployment and Local Labour Market Conditions in Great Britain." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, no. 5 (1998): 833–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a300833.

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British ethnic minority unemployment rates are considerably higher than those of the white population. In 1991 the ethnic minority unemployment rate was more than double that of the white majority. One possible explanation is that Britain's ethnic minorities are concentrated in areas of economic disadvantage. The authors use the 2% Individual Sample of Anonymised Records (SAR) in conjunction with area-based census data for pseudo travel-to-work areas, to explore the relative importance of individual characteristics and area characteristics on ethnic minority unemployment rates. Multilevel mode

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18

Buturlimova, Olha. "Olha Buturlimova. British Labour Party in the 1920s: the electoral competition." European Historical Studies, no. 11 (2018): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2018.11.113-128.

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The article examines the processes of growth of the British Labour Party in the early XXth century. The reasons of Labour Party’s success on parliamentary and municipal elections in the 1920s have been analyzed. The main attention is paid to the party’s activities in constituencies and analysis of Labour Party General Election Manifestos, General Elections Results and other statistic data. The relations between the Labour Party and churches in Great Britain have also been investigated. The support of the Anglican Church and denominations in Great Britain gave the Labour Party some votes but th

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19

Owen, David, and Anne Green. "Labour market experience and occupational change amongst ethnic groups in Great Britain." New Community 19, no. 1 (1992): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369183x.1992.9976339.

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20

Shaimardanova, N. A. "Key factors of the civil servants’ pay in Russia and Great Britain." Moscow University Economics Bulletin, no. 6 (November 8, 2022): 159–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105202268.

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The article compares civil servants’ payment systems and wage levels in the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom, and identifies the factors affecting the civil servants’ pay level in both countries. With comparable civil servants’ payment levels in terms of purchasing power in Russia and Great Britain, there are differences in structural elements of payment and the fields of activity that are highly paid. The study is based on data analysis of the RF Ministry of Labour and the UK Office for National Statistics concerning civil servants’ pay levels in central offices of federal executive

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21

BOIKO, Oksana. "Social Work Doctoral Education: Current Trends And Challenges." Revista de studii interdisciplinare "C. Stere" 3-4 (19-20) (December 15, 2018): 49–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3360595.

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Current trends in doctoral (PhD) training across the Europe provide evidence on the need to agree on the labor market requests and the content of such training. One of the examples of reaching such consensus can be the one from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, where employers, academics, researchers and doctoral students came to an agreement on the knowledge, skills and competences which are needed at modern labour market. A range of documents was adopted at the national level to ensure the above.

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22

Sutherland, John. "The workforce adjustment strategies used by workplaces in Britain during the Great Recession." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 7, no. 2 (2019): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-06-2018-0038.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a human resource management perspective of the workforce adjustment strategies implemented at workplaces in Britain in response to the Great Recession. Design/methodology/approach The analysis uses an ordered probit and a series of binomial probits to examine a micro data set from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Findings Not all workplaces were affected equally by the recession. Not all workplaces chose to implement workforce adjustment strategies consequential of the recession, although the probability of a workplace taking no act

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23

Hardill, Irene. "Trading Places." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 13, no. 2 (1998): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690949808726432.

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This paper reports on some of the findings of a recent study on the employment impact of moving to a rural area. A case study approach is used to elucidate the choices/constraints/compromises encountered by women in in-migrant households to rural and semi-rural parts of the East Midlands, Great Britain. Rural labour markets are quantitatively and qualitatively different from urban labour markets and, while some of the surveyed in-migrant women managed to find jobs following their move, they often experienced downward occupational mobility; others withdrew from the labour market. A number of po

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24

CLASEN, JOCHEN, and DANIEL CLEGG. "Unemployment Protection and Labour Market Reform in France and Great Britain in the 1990s: Solidarity Versus Activation?" Journal of Social Policy 32, no. 3 (2003): 361–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279403007049.

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Standard accounts of unemployment protection and labour market policy reform tend to put France and the UK at opposing ends of the spectrum of values and policy directions in Europe. British efforts in the 1990s of switching emphasis from ‘passive’ benefit payment towards promoting participation in ‘active’ programmes of labour market integration are widely understood as a product of liberalism, individualism and increasing labour market flexibility, introducing a degree of workfare into the overall structure of unemployment support. By contrast, in France the resistance of traditional values

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Prokopov, Alexander. "Communist International and Independent Labour Party of Great Britain in 1933 — Early 1934." ISTORIYA 12, no. 1 (99) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840013562-7.

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Prokopov, A. Y. "Communist International in 1920-s: British direction of activity." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 6(9) (December 28, 2009): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2009-6-9-54-64.

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In this article the main attention of the author is devoted to the problem of the decisive influence of the Communist International and its tactic “the united workers front” (1921—1928) on the policy of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) towards the Labour Party, the British Congress of Trade-Unions and the first Labour Government (1924). The author also examines the influence of Comintern on the activity of the CPGB before parliament elections of 1922, 1923, 1924 and during the General Strike of 1926.

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Lash, S., and P. Bagguley. "Labour Relations in Disorganized Capitalism: A Five-Nation Comparison." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 6, no. 3 (1988): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d060321.

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A critique of the ‘Regulation School's' account of the development of ‘post-Fordist’ patterns of industrial relations is presented. An alternative account of the ‘disorganization’ of capitalist social relations is presented with particular emphasis on the role of agents of disorganization of labour relations, It is shown through a comparative analysis of recent developments in industrial relations in Sweden, West Germany, France, Great Britain, and the United States of America that the particular patterns of disorganization will vary depending on whether capital, labour, or the state has most

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Gaus, Gerald F. "BACKWARDS INTO THE FUTURE: NEOREPUBLICANISM AS A POSTSOCIALIST CRITIQUE OF MARKET SOCIETY." Social Philosophy and Policy 20, no. 1 (2002): 59–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052503201047.

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Socialism, understood as the rejection of markets based on private property in favor of comprehensive centralized economic planning, is no longer a serious political option. If the core of capitalism is the organization of the economy primarily through market competition based on private property, then capitalism has certainly defeated socialism. Markets have been accepted—and central planning abandoned—throughout most of the Third World and in most of the formerly Communist states. In the advanced industrial states of the West, Labor and “democratic socialist” parties have rejected socialism,

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Latysh, Yurii. "Jeremy Corbin and the left turn of the Labour Party." European Historical Studies, no. 11 (2018): 148–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2018.11.148-169.

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The article touches upon the ideological and political transformation of the Labor Party of Great Britain after the defeat in the 2015 parliamentary elections. The struggle between the supporters of Anthony Blair’s policy (“New Labour”) and “hard left” ended with an unexpected victory by veteran of Labour, Leftist Socialist Jeremy Corbin, despite the resistance of the Blairist establishment and media criticism. No less unexpected was the relative success of the Labour Party in the early 2017 parliamentary elections. The importance of the conceptual and the theoretical understanding of the “Lef

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Gökatalay, Semih. "British Colonialism and Prison Labour in Inter-War Palestine." Labour History 125, no. 1 (2023): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/labourhistory.2023.23.

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Great Britain ruled modern-day Israel and Palestine from 1917 to 1948. The exploitation of prison labour became a source to fund its colonial government. This study explicates the economic and legal rationale for prison labour, the living and working conditions and discipline of convicts, and public debates and controversies surrounding political prisoners in Mandatory Palestine. With specific references to forced labour in the colonised world, it evaluates the experience of Mandatory Palestine from a transnational perspective and makes a connection between global colonialism and prison labour

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Overman, Henry G., and Xiaowei Xu. "Spatial disparities across labour markets." Oxford Open Economics 3, Supplement_1 (2024): i585—i610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ooec/odae005.

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Abstract We consider disparities across local labour markets in Great Britain. Disparities in wages and employment rates are large and persistent, although smaller than 20 years ago. These disparities largely reflect the concentration of high-skilled workers, who would have better labour market outcomes wherever they live. This concentration is driven by differences in the demand for, and supply of, skills and the self-reinforcing interaction between the two, which is particularly pronounced in the highest-wage areas and at the upper end of the wage distribution. The highest-paid jobs are conc

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Shafer, Byron E., and Marc D. Stears. "From Social Welfare to Cultural Values: The Puzzle of Postwar Change in Britain and the United States." Journal of Policy History 11, no. 4 (1999): 331–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600003377.

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On Thursday, 5 July 1945, the British electorate appeared to draw a line under the prewar political world. This electorate turned the wartime government, led by the Conservative party, out of office. Moreover, it dismissed the Conservatives in favor of a party that still harbored doubts about its proper governing role, namely, British Labour. The scale of this reversal was additionally unprecedented. Labour had only ever formed minority, shortlived governments before; its last such venture, in 1929, had seen the party take power just in time to acquire responsibility for the Great Depression.

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Präg, Patrick, and Lindsay Richards. "Intergenerational social mobility and allostatic load in Great Britain." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 73, no. 2 (2018): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-210171.

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BackgroundIntergenerational social mobility is hypothesised to be a stressful process that has a negative effect on health. By examining the relationship between own socioeconomic position, parental socioeconomic position and allostatic load (AL) in a representative sample of the British population, we test this hypothesis.MethodsOur study uses cross-sectional data from 9851 adult participants of waves 2 and 3 of Understanding Society. The relationship between parental occupational class at age 14 years, respondents’ social class at the time of the interview and AL is explored by means of diag

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34

Weiler, Peter. "Labour History and the Labour Movement in Britain, and: Thomas Burt, Miners' MP, 1837-1922: The Great Conciliator (review)." Victorian Studies 43, no. 4 (2001): 625–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vic.2001.0123.

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Lyddon, Dave. "Postscript: The Labour Unrest in Great Britain and Ireland, 1910-1914 - Still Uncharted Territory?" Historical Studies in Industrial Relations, no. 33 (September 2012): 241–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/hsir.2012.33.13.

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Laybourn, Keith, and Neil Pye. "A Rebel with a Cause: Eric Heffer, the Marxist Years, 1938–1958." Labour History Review 90, no. 2 (2025): 131–68. https://doi.org/10.3828/lhr.2025.6.

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Eric Heffer, who rose to the top of the Labour Party’s left-wing hierarchy in the 1970s and 1980s, spent much of his early political career in the Communist Party of Great Britain and, after being expelled in 1948, in the Socialist Workers’ Federation, an anti-Communist Party Marxist organization. Heffer relinquished his Marxism in the late 1950s but continued to support the hard-left section of the Labour Party and the Trotskyist Militant organization in Liverpool in the 1980s. Yet whilst much is known about his work within the Labour Party and his left-wing campaigns for the Labour Party Lea

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PAZHVAK, S. B. "THE OUTBREAK OF THE GREEK CIVIL WAR (1946-1949) THROUGH THE EYES OF THE BRITISH NEWSPAPER "DAILY HERALD"." Scientific Notes of Orel State University 98, no. 1 (2023): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/1998-2720-2023-98-1-68-72.

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The British Labour newspaper "Daily Herald" actively covered the events on the eve of the Greek Civil War (19461949). Correspondents described the role of Great Britain, the confrontation of the right and left Greek forces in the elections, plebiscite and battlefield. The country found itself at the junction of a bipolar system of international relations. No less significant events took place on the information front.

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Gentry, Robert. "Robbins, Churchill, Jefferys, War & Reform - British Politics During The Second World War." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 21, no. 1 (1996): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.21.1.36-37.

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Half a century after the end of the Second World War and the Labour Party landslide election in the summer of l945, scholarly interest in Winston Churchill's wartime leadership and British domestic politics during the war has never been greater than it is today. These two books under review offer students and teachers alike different approaches to a better understanding of Great Britain in the twentieth century-the effects of two world wars, the postwar social welfare legislation, diminished great power status, and the climax and decline of the British empire.

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Johnston, R. J., and C. J. Pattie. "Tactical Voting in Great Britain in 1983 and 1987: An Alternative Approach." British Journal of Political Science 21, no. 1 (1991): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400006049.

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The analyses presented in this note have extended earlier work on tactical voting in Great Britain by looking at variations between constituencies in the flow-of-the-vote matrix that are consistent with hypotheses of tactical voting. They have suggested that about 4 per cent of the British electorate voted tactically in 1983, as did nearly 6 per cent in 1987. The volume of tactical voting was greater in Conservative-held than in Labour-held seats, and in both was greater the more marginal the seat. In general, the opposition party with the greatest chance of unseating the incumbent, as suggest

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Hanagan, Michael. "Family, Work and Wages: The Stéphanois Region of France, 1840–1914." International Review of Social History 42, S5 (1997): 129–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000114816.

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Exploring issues of the family wage, this paper examines labour markets, family employment patterns and political conflict in France. Up to now, the debate over the family wage has centred mainly on analysing British trade unions and the development of an ideal of domesticity among the British working classes, more or less taking for granted the declining women's labour force participation rate and the configuration of state/trade union relations prevailing in Great Britain. Shifting the debate across the Channel, scholars such as Laura Frader and Susan Pedersen have suggested that different a

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Ryan, Liam. "Citizen Strike Breakers: Volunteers, Strikes, and the State in Britain, 1911-1926." Labour History Review: Volume 87, Issue 2 87, no. 2 (2022): 109–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/lhr.2022.5.

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This article provides the first systematic historical study of volunteer strike-breaking across a relatively broad time frame, focusing specifically on the period between 1911 and 1926. These years bore witness to the largest industrial conflict in British history, encompassing the Great Labour Unrest of 1911-14, the post-war strike wave of 1919-23, and the General Strike of 1926. The sheer size and scale of these strikes, which involved millions of workers and engulfed entire cities, towns, and communities, instigated a shift away from traditional strikebreaking agencies and actors and toward

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Steinberg, Marc W. "“The Great End of All Government…”: Working People's Construction of Citizenship Claims in Early Nineteenth-Century England and the Matter of Class." International Review of Social History 40, S3 (1995): 19–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000113598.

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In the heat of the battle for parliamentary reform William Cobbett preached to the working people of England in his inimitable blustery dictums. “[I]f you labour honestly,” he counselled, “you have a right to have, in exchange for your labour, a sufficiency out of the produce of the earth, to maintain yourself and your family as well; and, if you are unable to labour, or if you cannot obtain labour, you have a right to maintenance out of the produce of the land […]”. For honest working men this was part of the legacy of constitutional Britain, which bequeathed to them not only sustenance but,

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Gustafsson, Siv S., Cécile M. M. P. Wetzels, and Eiko Kenjoh. "Postponement (1) of Maternity and the Duration of Time Spent at Home after First Birth Panel Data Analyses Comparing Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden (2)." Public Finance and Management 2, no. 2 (2002): 218–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210200200203.

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This paper analyses the postponement of first births of the 1990s compared to the 1980s, using panel data from four countries, namely, Germany (GSOEP), Great Britain (BHPS), the Netherlands (OSA) and Sweden (HUS). We find substantial postponement of maternity in all four countries for all educational groups with the most pronounced postponement among highly educated women. However the mean age of the mother at giving birth to the first child was the lowest in Great Britain both in the 1980s and 1990s. Theoretically we can distinguish two motives for postponing maternity namely, the consumption

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Yerokhin, Vladimir. "CELTIC FRINGES AND CENTRAL POWER IN GREAT BRITAIN: HISTORY AND MODERNITY." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 1 (49) (May 26, 2020): 226–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2020-49-1-226-244.

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The article deals with history of interrelations between political centre and Celtic fringes of Great Britain in modern and contemporary times. As soon as nationalist movements in Celtic fringes became more active from the mid 1960s, the need appeared to analyze the history of interrelations between central power and Celtic regions in order to understand causes of Celtic people’s striving for obtaining more rights and even state independence. The article ascertains that attitude of central power to Celtic fringes was complicated by ethno-cultural differences between Englishmen and Celtic

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Susloparova, Elena. "Antiwar campaign of the British Labour Party in the early World War I." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2021): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2021.1.31944.

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This article is dedicated to the protest campaign of Labour Party of Great Britain, which unfolded in the early World War I. Based on the range of sources, such as socialist workers&rsquo; press of Great Britain, party documents, parliamentary debated, the author sets a goal to examine the key arguments of the opponents, namely activists of the Independent Workers&rsquo; Party, which became a stronghold of antiwar sentiment of the Labours. Special attention is given to such publicists as R. MacDonald and K. Hardy. The article also traces the evolution of antiwar campaign and reveals th

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Hendley, Matthew. "Anti-Alienism and the Primrose League: The Externalization of the Postwar Crisis in Great Britain 1918-32." Albion 33, no. 02 (2001): 243–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0095139000067120.

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Anti-alienism has frequently been the dark underside of organized patriotic movements in twentieth-century Britain. Love of nation has all too frequently been accompanied by an abstract fear of foreigners or a concrete dislike of alien immigrants residing in Britain. Numerous patriotic leagues have used xenophobia and the supposed threat posed by aliens to define themselves and their Conservative creed. Aliens symbolized “the other,” which held values antithetical to members of the patriotic leagues. These currents have usually become even more pronounced in times of tension and crisis. From t

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Linne, Karsten. "The “New Labour Policy” in Nazi Colonial Planning for Africa." International Review of Social History 49, no. 2 (2004): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002085900400149x.

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The National Socialist planning for a recolonization of Africa was based on a new social and labour policy and focused chiefly on the “labour question”. In designing their schemes, planners strove to mobilize wage labour and circumvent the much-feared “proletarianization” of the workers. The key problem in exploiting the African colonies had two main aspects: a shortage of manpower and migrant labour. Therefore, planners designed complex systems of organized, state-controlled labour recruitment, and formulated rules for labour contracts and compensation. An expanded labour administration was t

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Lebo, Matthew J., and Everett Young. "The Comparative Dynamics of Party Support in Great Britain: Conservatives, Labour and the Liberal Democrats." Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 19, no. 1 (2009): 73–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17457280802587261.

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Wright, Robert E., and P. R. Andrew Hinde. "The dynamics of full-time and part-time female labour force participation in Great Britain." European Journal of Population 7, no. 3 (1991): 201–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01796839.

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Ba’, Stefano. "Precarity and family life in Italy and Great Britain. Job insecurity as commodification of labour." Journal of Contemporary European Studies 28, no. 4 (2020): 544–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2020.1801393.

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