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Patterson, Kathryn Grace. "Gene regulation in the lac operon." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/patterson/PattersonK0809.pdf.
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The lac operon, a jointly controlled series of genes in the bacteria E. coli, has been studied extensively since the 1940's. The lac operon genes are transcribed and then translated into proteins necessary for transport and digestion of lactose. The operon is activated in the presence of lactose after glucose, the preferred carbon source, has been expended. In this thesis, we introduce a biophysical model using the Shea-Ackers framework for modeling promoter dynamics. The model spans two scales: the inputs are biophysical parameters of molecular interactions and the result is a level of gene expression - a macroscopic behavior of the cell. We include all experimentally suggested control mechanisms into the model, even though the experimental evidence is stronger for some of these mechanisms than others. We compare our model to experimental data and explore the individual contribution of the proposed mechanisms by removing them one by one and testing the reduced model's fit to the data. Finally, we find a minimal model which faithfully represents the available data, yet includes only the minimal number of control mechanisms.
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Cho, SungAe. "Lac Operon Expression in Steady State Cells of Escherichia coli." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625294.
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Ben, Halim Asma. "Development and analysis of dynamic models of the lac operon." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2013. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/29920/.
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In this work, the mathematical models describing the dynamics of the gene regulatory network of the lac operon are considered. The lac operon is one of the simplest biological systems which involves the regulation network of three genes. The mathematical models of the regulatory mechanisms of the lac system, developed in the literature are based on deterministic or fully stochastic approach to the problem. The aim of the thesis is the development of two stochastic models (reduced and full) based on extension of existing deterministic models with noise terms. The two models reflect different level of complexity of the regulatory processes. The advantage of this approach is based on the realistic description of protein concentrations, protein kinetics and time delays. The research considers first order stochastic delayed differential equations (SDDEs) and their solutions. Stability properties of the stochastic models are investigated by linearization of the systems of SDDEs. New sufficient conditions of mean square stability are obtained analytically for these models using Lyapunov function. Additionally, the threshold values for SDDEs are derived. These conditions and threshold values are applied to nd analytical solutions of the two models of nonlinear SDDE. Further, numerical solutions of these equations are obtained using Euler Maruyama method. A detailed analysis of the stability regions of the models is performed, analytically and numerically. A specific attention is given to the bistable region as it reflects important biological features of the system linked to the positive regulatory mechanism. It is concluded that the stochasticity can change the boundaries of the bistable region which cannot be obtained in the case of the deterministic model of the lac operon. This thesis provides a thorough investigation of the stochastic stability of two lac operon models and demonstrates that the system behaviour is very sensitive to protein concentrations. It also provides a novel way for estimating such concentrations.
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Hedén, Gynnå Arvid. "Induction kinetics of the lac operon : Studied by single molecule methods." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224220.
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The repression of the E. coli lac operon seems to be more efficient than the current theoretical model allows for. Specifically, it is more quiet than expected during the replication of the chromosome. I have induced cells during short periods and counted the number of protein products from the operon to determine if there is a delay in activation of transcription that could account for the discrepancy. The results are compatible with a delay of 10-20 s, but the delay could not be conclusively proven. Furthermore, it has been investigated if the mechanism behind the delay might be differential localization of the lac operon with and without induction. It is shown that the lac operon is more often located in the periphery of the cell and in the internucleoid region when induced. These might be regions where genes are higher expressed, giving a delay in expression after de-repression before the gene is transported there.
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Ross, Nicholas Etienne. "A systems approach to the investigation and modelling of the lac operon." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611964.
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Hammar, Petter. "lac of Time : Transcription Factor Kinetics in Living Cells." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Beräknings- och systembiologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-198814.
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Gene regulation mediated by transcription factors (TFs) is essential for all organisms. The functionality of TFs can largely be described by the fraction of time they occupy their regulatory binding sites on the chromosome. DNA-binding proteins have been shown to find their targets through facilitated diffusion in vitro. In its simplest form this means that the protein combines a random 3D search in the cytoplasm with 1D sliding along DNA. This has been proposed to speed up target location. It is difficult to mimic the in vivo conditions for gene regulation in biochemistry experiments; i.e. the ionic strength, chromosomal structure, and the presence of other DNA-binding macromolecules. In this thesis single molecule imaging assays for live cell measurements were developed to study the kinetics of the Escherichia coli transcription factor LacI. The low copy number LacI, in fusion with a fluorescent protein (Venus) is detected as a localized near-diffraction limited spot when being DNA-bound for longer than the exposure time. An allosteric inducer is used to control binding and release. Using this method we can measure the time it takes for LacI to bind to different operator sequences. We then extend the assay and show that LacI slides in to and out from the operator site, and that it is obstructed by another DNA-binding protein positioned next to its target. We present a new model where LacI redundantly passes over the operator many times before binding. By combining experiments with molecular dynamics simulations we can characterize the details of non-specific DNA-binding. In particular, we validate long-standing assumptions that the non-specific association is diffusion-controlled. In addition it is seen that the non-specifically bound protein diffuses along DNA in a helical path. Using microfluidics we design a chase assay to measure in vivo dissociation rates for the LacI-Venus dimer. Based on the comparison of these rates with association rates and equilibrium binding data we suggest that there might be a short time following TF dissociation when transcription initiation is silenced. This implies that the fraction of time the operator is occupied is not enough to describe the regulatory range of the promoter.
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Franco, Vanessa Correa. "Expressão de fosfatase alcalina em Escherichia coli sob o controle do sistema de regulação do operon lac." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2014. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5332.
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Alkaline phosphatase function is to catalyze the hydrolysis of a phosphomonoester, and thus has the property of removing phosphate groups 5' DNA and RNA, making it an important tool for genetic engineering. Expression of the E. coli alkaline phosphatase gene was obtained by cloning the gene into plasmid pBR322. Subsequently phoA structural gene was transferred to the vector pAC92 derivative of pUC18 where its expression was regulated partly yielding the recombinant plasmid capable of programming in E. coli highest level of expression. But this vector has the need to control the expression with glucose medium, otherwise the excess of the enzyme in the periplasm causes cell death of the host. In work carried out in the Laboratory of Technologies of DNA called a vector UFAM Pula was built from obtaining pAC92 promoter region, restored operator, cloned in a vector called pUN, this being the modified pUC18 lacking the gene for β - galactosidase and without its promoter region / operator of origin. This paper describes the expression of the alkaline phosphatase of E. coli by means of the adjustable jumps expression system and purification of this enzyme. Thus, the phoA gene was subcloned into the vector jumps successfully, yielding the vector pUNF, which appeared stable and functional, regulated by the induction of IPTG. The best expression of the enzyme in the system in question occurred in the middle with a concentration of 0.05 % glucose, with 1 mM IPTG and after 18 hours of induction.
A fosfatase alcalina tem como função catalisar a hidrólise de um fosfomonoéster, e assim, possui a propriedade de remover grupos de fosfatos 5’ de DNA e RNA, o que faz dela uma importante ferramenta para engenharia genética. A expressão do gene da fosfatase alcalina de E. coli foi obtida clonando-se o gene no plasmídeo pBR322. Posteriormente o gene estrutural phoA foi transferido para o vetor pAC92, derivado do pUC18, onde sua expressão ficou parcialmente regulada, originando o plasmídeo recombinante capaz de programar em E. coli maior nível de expressão. Porém este vetor possui a necessidade do controle da expressão com glicose no meio, do contrário, o excesso da enzima no periplasma causa a morte celular das hospedeiras. Em trabalhos desenvolvidos no Laboratório de Tecnologias de DNA da UFAM um vetor denominado pULA foi construído a partir da obtenção da região promotora do pAC92, com operador restaurado, clonado em um vetor denominado de pUN, este sendo o pUC18 modificado sem o gene de β–galactosidase e sem sua região promotora/operadora de origem. O presente trabalho descreve a expressão da fosfatase alcalina de E. coli por meio do sistema de expressão regulável do pULA, assim como a purificação desta enzima. Dessa forma, o gene phoA foi subclonado no vetor pULA com sucesso, dando origem ao vetor pUNF, que se apresentou estável e funcional, regulado pela indução do IPTG. A melhor expressão da enzima no sistema em questão, ocorreu em meio com concentração de 0,05% de glicose, com um 1mM de IPTG e após 18 horas de indução.
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Bianchi, Allison A. "Characterization and application of Escherichia coli stress promoter-lacZ fusions /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8072.
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Kelly, Patrick John. "An investigation of cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP)-Induced DNA bending at the lac, gal and malT operons." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25199.
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Benevides, Kristina, Oscar Broström, Kalman Grim Elison, Hugo Swenson, Andrei Vlassov, and Josefin Ågren. "Stabil och antibiotikafri läkemedelsproduktion i rekombinant Escherichia coli." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323719.
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Den här rapporten presenterar ett antibiotikafritt, stabilt och kromosombaserat expressionssystem för läkemedelsproduktion i Escherichia coli på beställning av företaget Affibody AB. E. coli-stammen BL21(DE3) valdes som värdorganism för expressionssystemet. Systemet består av en genkassett som innehåller en T7-promotor, en 5′-UTR från genen ompA och en terminatorsekvens från RNA-operonet rrnB. Fyra kopior av genkassetten ska integreras i pseudogenerna caiB, yjjM, hsdS och yjiV. En datormodell som modellerar det egentliga kopietalet i cellerna har skapats i mjukvaran MATLAB, vilket visar att det uppskattas vara maximalt 32 kopior av genkassetten per cell på grund av replikation av kromosomen. Ett högt pH i fermentorn; att använda fed-batch och blandade kolhydratkällor; och att använda stammen BL21(DE3) minskar acetatproduktionen i cellen. En lägre acetatproduktion kan leda till en högre produkthalt. En proteinutbytesmodell för mjukvaran MATLAB har konstruerats för att uppskatta koncentrationen av Affibody®-molekylen i en E. coli cell.
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Ford, Kelsey L. "Knockout of the lacZ gene in Enterobacter sp. YSU." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1534337870735813.
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Andersson, Cristoffer, Sebastian Christensson, and Mikael Davidsson. "Living Lab - En öppen innovationsmiljö." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2591.
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Living Lab är en öppen innovationsmiljö där innovationer samproduceras, testas och verifieras av användarna, tillsammans med företag och akademin i en kontext som representerar innovationens tänkta användningsområde. Genom samverkan kan olika värden skapas för företagen. Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur Living Lab skapar värde för företag och vilka värden företag kan identifiera ur de användarcentrerade aktiviteterna. Uppsatsen karaktäriseras av en kvalitativ ansats och grundar sig i en explorativ undersökning med djupintervjuer där fyra företag ligger till grund för uppsatsens resultat. Uppsatsen har visat att Living Lab skapat värden för företag genom att de fått mer tilltalande produkter, identifierat nya användarkategorier och samordnat resurser med företag. Living Lab är därmed värdeskapande för företag genom stöd för utvärdering, ny- och vidareutveckling av innovationer. Samverkan mellan användare, företag och akademin öppnar upp för ett kunskapsutbyte vilket skapar värde för företag då kompetensutveckling äger rum och en djupare kunskap om användarna kan erhållas
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Maron, Paulo Sergio. "NUO Ópera-Lab.: da autoetnografia à trans-ópera São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27157/tde-28112018-115416/.
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A autoetnografia tem sido utilizada em pesquisas em musicologia e, especialmente, em etnomusicologia, na busca de formas contemporâneas de aproximação entre a experiência artística e as exigências acadêmicas. Este trabalho apresenta uma autoetnografia em diálogo com os artistas que se juntaram a nós, o que permitiu a descrição de quatorze anos de existência do NUO-Opera. Portanto, o objetivo desta investigação é narrar, contextualizar e situar nos campos das artes (teatro, música, dança e performance) e sociedades (contexto político, econômico e social em que vivemos) o que me levou a construir uma proposta de criação e produção artística em ópera na cidade onde nasci, cresci e onde escolhi ser artista. Esta narrativa foi destinada não apenas a uma visão geral do trabalho realizado pela NUO, mas, tomando-o como eixo, proporcionou a identificação de questões retóricas ao longo das descrições que, por sua vez, nos levaram a dialogar com historiadores e diretores que escreveram sobre o conceito e o significado da ópera. Esses processos reflexivos nos levam a acreditar que a existência de uma casa-teatro e que o fazer ópera em uma perspectiva transdisciplinar permite a realização de um percurso singular no campo das artes e especialmente da ópera. A ideia da ópera como gênero transdisciplinar surge em nossas escolhas artísticas, mas também é apresentada nas descrições de pesquisas e no fazer de artistas que têm concebido e proposto espetáculos e performances operísticas ao longo do tempo. Ao final nós podemos conceber que a ópera não é apenas a adição ou a sobreposição de outras práticas artísticas, mas transita entre elas e isso está de acordo com nossas escolhas e propostas artísticas no NUO-Opera Laboratório.Autoethnography has been used in research in musicology and, especially, in ethnomusicology, in the search for contemporary forms of approximation between the artistic experience and the academic exigences. This work presents an autoethnography in dialogue with the artists who were join with us, what allowed the description of fourteen years of NUO-Opera Laboratory. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to narrate, contextualizing and situating in the fields of the arts (theater, music, dance and performance) and societies (the political, economic and social context in which we live) what led me to build a proposal of creation and artistic production in opera in the city where I was born, grew up and where I chose to be an artist. This narrative was intended not only to give an overview of the work carried out by the NUO but, taking it as axis, it was possible to identify rhetorical questions throughout the descriptions that led us to dialogue with historians and directors who wrote about the concept and the meaning of opera. This, in turn, leads us to believe that the existence of a house-theater and to do opera in a transdisciplinary perspective allows the realization of a singular course in the field of the arts, and especially of the opera. The idea of opera as a transdisciplinary genre emerge in our artistic choices, but also it are presented in the descriptions of researches and artists that conceives and stages the operatic spectacle over time. In this way, we can conceive that opera is not only the addition or the overlapping of other artistic practices, but it transits between them and that this is in line with our choices and artistic proposals at the NUO-Opera Laboratory.
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Vivian, Melanie. "Operant Methodology Out Of The Lab and Applied To Enrichment With Captive Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes)." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2635.
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A group of socially-housed chimpanzees, maintained in a zoo facility, were given the opportunity to access each of several purpose-designed and built enrichment items. Each item was made freely available in the chimpanzees' regular setting, with their normal activities available. The time members of the group spent engaging with each item gave an assessment of their relative preference for the items. The group were shown to have the greatest preference for a foraging enrichment item (Screwfeeder) and the least preference for an audiovisual enrichment item (TV/Video). Individual preferences for the items were evident. The chimpanzees were then taught to operate a weighted lever to get access to an item. Once all chimpanzees had operated the lever for access to the items, the number of lever operations required for access to each item was systematically doubled over a series of 3 hr sessions until the chimpanzees did not gain any access to that item for two consecutive sessions. One item was presented for two series of increases. The group response rates for an item increased with increased response requirement and then decreased with further increases, reflecting data from individuals in other research. The highest response requirement that maintained the group behaviour differed over the items. The number of times an item was accessed (consumption) was plotted against the response requirement (price) on logarithmic coordinates. Lines fitted to the data (demand functions) were shallowest for a foraging enrichment (Screwfeeder) and steepest for the audio enrichment (Musicbox). There were not enough data points to fit a function for the audiovisual enrichment. Differences in individual's demand within the group were evident. In general, the rank order of preference for the items and the rank order based on the parameters of the demand functions (slope or elasticity and initial intensity) was broadly the same. Three individual chimpanzees were exposed to two series of increasing response requirement for access to the Screwfeeder whilst housed alone, in one hour sessions. Response rates were again bitonic and the linear demand functions for these individuals were steeper (more elastic) than the functions fitted to data for group responding and differed idiosyncratically from the data for these individual when responding as part of the group. Thus the change of social setting had a different impact on the behaviour of each of the individuals. These results show that an animals‟ demand for a commodity is altered by the environment in which it is tested. ii Overall the research provides the first example of operant methodology in a zoo setting with a group of chimpanzees. It is also the first research to show differential responding for access to different enrichment items by a group and how this relates to their preference (based on time allocation) for those items.
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Neves, Heloisa Maria Domingues. "Maker innovation. Do open design e fab labs... às estratégias inspiradas no movimento maker." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-14072015-112909/.
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O objeto central desta pesquisa é o termo \"Maker Innovation\", uma síntese de estratégias \"makers\", tornando-as legíveis, replicáveis e contextualizadas dentro de um processo de Inovação pelo Design. Este conceito foi alcançado através do estudo qualitativo: (1) das práticas abertas provenientes do \"Open Design\" e conceitos relacionados, (2) dos ambientes colaborativos do tipo Fab Lab, e (3) das ações de indivíduos intitulados \"makers\". Ambos estão fazendo emergir um novo sistema, o chamado Ecossistema Maker.The central object of this research is the term \"Maker Innovation\", a synthesis of \"maker\" strategies, presented in a readable, replicable and contextualized manner within a process of Innovation by Design. This concept was achieved through qualitative study of open practices from: (1) the \"Open Design\" and re¬lated concepts, (2) collaborative environments like Fab Lab and (3) the actions of individuals entitled \"makers\". Both are bringing out a new system, called Ecosystem Maker.
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Ying, Lan [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Kramer, and Peter W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Marx. "Introduction to drum rhythm on Peking Opera stage / Lan Ying. Gutachter: Stefan Kramer ; Peter W. Marx." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1065374453/34.
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Javebrink, Linnea. "Student Living Lab, kombinera innovation inom boende och byggnadsteknisk forskning med studentbostäder i Jönköping." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40546.
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Purpose: The lead time in the construction industry's innovation development today is far too long. Jönköping's population increases and at the same time Jönköping University is expanding. The need for more housing and student housing is therefore a fact. A Living Lab (LL) creates opportunities to solve both above-mentioned situations. It is a home that simultaneously provide different types of researchers with a research platform to test innovations directly in a real-life environment. Such a project could thus be an advantage for a developing city like Jönköping. The purpose of the project is to investigate how LL projects can open opportunities for innovations in housing and building engineering research in Jönköping, while creating new student housing in the city. Method: The research strategy is qualitative, the main method is a case study. Methods of data collection are literature studies and interviews. Literature studies take place around the concept, the background and different existing projects. This is done to investigate the development of the LL concept and its establishments. The main method used in this report is interviews, which the majority is done over the phone and a couple of them as site visits. Interviews take place with stakeholders from HSB Living Lab in Gothenburg, stakeholders from KTH Live-in Lab in Stockholm and potential stakeholders from Jönköping. Findings: This report serves as a preliminary study for potential stakeholders to establish or participate in a Student LL in Jönköping. In order to shorten lead times in housing and building engineering research, LL has been proven to benefit from innovative research in this area. A project would combine a research arena with new student housing to promote the housing contributions to a more efficient innovation process. In the housing- and construction sector, interest has been shown for innovations in housing environment, real estate and construction business, with efficiency and cost reduction, development and efficiency of materials and smart energy solutions. There is also a research interest for studying of the learning environments and the contributions of the residents to their environment. A potential place of establishment is found just by the university, which would benefit both the university, its research and the establishment of new student housing. Implications: To continue developing the work, further research is recommended on the research questions for a LL-project. It is recommended to review additional opportunities that exists in addition to building engineering and develop issues regarding, for example, housing environment and learning environments. When two of the four parts of the university were reached for interviews, it is also interesting to study the interests of the other parts. There would be an interest in studying how a twist of the concept can be applied to find a specific niche for Jönköping. A project would solve several student housing units that would help solve some of the problem regarding the current housing shortage and enable contributing to the development of the city. Limitations: As the LL concept in Sweden is at an early stage, background information is related to international focus. The report is then limited to focus on Sweden's two major LLs with establishment in Gothenburg and Stockholm with permanent student housing. Furthermore, the focus is on Jönköping, the city of the authors of the report, its potential stakeholders, establishment opportunities and innovation opportunities for a Student LL project. Keywords: Living Lab, student, open innovation, building technology and sustainability.Syfte: Ledtider inom byggnadsbranschens innovationsutveckling är idag alldeles för långa. Jönköping kommuns befolkning ökar samtidigt som Jönköping University växer. Behovet av fler bostäder och studentbostäder är med detta ett faktum. Ett Living Lab (LL) skapar möjligheter för att förbättra bådadera situationer. Det agerar hem samtidigt som det tillhandahåller olika typer av forskare med en forskningsplattform för att testa innovationer direkt i en verklig miljö. Ett sådant projekt skulle således kunna vara en fördel för en utvecklande stad som Jönköping. Syftet med projektet är att undersöka hur LL-projekt kan öppna möjligheter till samskapande innovationer inom boende- och byggteknikforskning i Jönköping samtidigt som nya studentbostäder etableras. Metod: Undersökningsstrategin är kvalitativ, huvudmetoden är fallstudier. Metoder för datainsamling är litteraturstudier samt intervjuer. Litteraturstudier sker kring begreppet, bakgrund samt projekt för att undersöka utvecklingen av LL-konceptet och dess etableringar. Den huvudsakliga metoden för arbetet är intervjubaserat, majoriteten över telefon och ett antal genom platsbesök. Intervjuer sker med involverade aktörer från HSB Living Lab i Göteborg, från KTH Live-in Lab i Stockholm samt potentiella intressenter från Jönköping. Resultat: Rapporten fungerar som en förundersökning för potentiella intressenter för att etablera eller deltaga i ett Student LL i Jönköping. För att förkorta ledtider inom boende och byggnadsteknisk forskning är LL påvisat gynna nytänkande forskning inom detta. Ett projekt skulle kombinera en forskningsarena med nya studentbostäder för att främja de boendes bidrag till en effektivare innovationsprocess. Inom boende och byggsektorn är intresset påvisat för innovationer inom boendemiljö, fastighets- och byggbranschen med effektivisering och kostnadsreducering, utveckling och effektivisering av material samt smarta energilösningar. Forskningsintresse påvisas även för studerande av lärandemiljöer samt de boendes bidrag till dess miljö. En potentiell etableringsplats påträffas i nära anslutning till universitetet, vilket skulle gynna såväl universitetet, dess forskning samt etablering av nya studentbostäder. Konsekvenser: För att fortsätta utveckla arbetet rekommenderas undersökning vidare kring forskningsfrågorna för ett LL. Det rekommenderas att granska ytterligare möjligheter och utveckla specifika frågor gällande exempelvis boendemiljö samt lärandemiljöer. Då två av fyra fackhögskolor nåddes för intervjuer är det även intressant att studera kvarvarande fackhögskolors intressen. Att studera hur en vridning av konceptet kan tillämpas för att hitta en specifik nisch för Jönköping är av intresse. Ett projekt i Jönköping skulle lösa ett antal studentbostäder som bidrar till att lösa en del av problemet angående den rådande bostadsbristen och möjliggör bidragande till utveckling av staden. Begränsningar: Då LL-konceptet i Sverige befinner sig i ett tidigt skede förhåller sig bakgrundsinformationen till internationellt fokus. Arbetet begränsas sedan till fokus på Sveriges två större LL med etablering i Göteborg och Stockholm med permanenta studentbostäder. Vidare landar fokus i Jönköping, staden som författarna till rapporten är placerade i, dess potentiella intressenter, etableringsmöjligheter samt innovationsmöjligheter för ett Student LL-projekt. Nyckelord: Living Lab, student, open innovation, byggnadsteknik och hållbarhet.
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Laitinen, Pirjo. "Evaluation of cardiovascular management in children undergoing open-heart surgery : with special reference to oxygen consumption and vasoactive support." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/laitinen/.
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Manukulasuriya, Varuna. "Architecture and protocol for an infrared semi-permanent local network." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309515.
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Schneider, Moritz Leonhard [Verfasser]. "Success of concomitant surgical LAA closure in patients with AF undergoing open-heart surgery / Moritz Leonhard Schneider." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1202849326/34.
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Strand, Simon. "Open source site survey-mjukvara : utvärdering av stöd för att bygga trådlösa nätverk." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-1410.
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Phillips, Robert. "The Bee Lab kit : activities engaging motivated lay users in the use of open technologies for citizen science activities." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2015. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/1694/.
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The PhD work aligns technological opportunities with self-selecting motivated participants, investigating their desire to monitor wildlife within their custody. It used an ethnographic and user- centred design approach with amateur beekeepers. The work built reciprocal interest in data which users could gather from self-assembled monitoring tools. This PhD explores the relationship between Open Design and Citizen Science, testing it ‘in-the-wild’ through the Bee Lab kit. The development of the kit and territory research was carried out in close collaboration with a local beekeeping community based in the South East of England. The work engaged with the British Beekeepers Association (BBKA), a Citizen Science stakeholder and technology provider Technology Will Save Us (TWSU), informing the project at each stage. The PhD territory was highlighted in scoping design workshops with the public (Phillips. R, Baurley. S, Silve. S) and developed into: cultural probes deployed nationally investigating beekeepers’ ‘making’ activities (Phillips. R, Baurley. S, Silve. S 2013b), ethnographic studies identifying beekeepers’ product creations and re-appropriations for beekeeping praxis, participatory design workshops establishing lay users’ ‘technologically enabled conversations with bees’ (Phillips. R, Ford. Y, Sadler. K, Silve. S, Baurley. S 2013), technology kit assembly workshops testing kit design and competence of lay users (Phillips, Blum et al. 2014), and mental models of creating instructional content (Phillips, Robert., Lockton, Dan., Baurley, Sharon & Silve, Sarah 2013). The Bee Lab Kit: activities engaging motivated lay users in the use of open technologies for CS activities Page 2 of 265 The creation of a repeatable Open Design/Citizen Science model based upon the live testing from the Bee Lab project appendix (O) Open Design Standards (paper pending publication) appendix (K) The project worked with Citizen Science Vendors, Sussex Wildlife Trust and Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, ascertaining the framing of Open Design/Citizen Science projects through a design toolkit. The design toolkit invention and testing was carried out with conservation organisations (Phillips, R & Baurley, S 2014) and technology kit deployment ‘in-the-wild’ with end users (Phillips, R., Blum, J., Brown, M. & Baurley, S 2014). Finally, the work identified the motivations of the individual stakeholders within the project.
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Walimbe, Anmol. "Investigation of Shear Lag and Eccentric Weld Demands on Top Chord Knife Connections in Open Web Steel Joist Girders." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623165008367418.
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Wallin, Pontus. "Authoritarian collaboration : Unexpected effects of open government initiatives in China." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38102.
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There is a recent emergence of open government initiatives for citizen participation in policy making in China. Open government initiatives seek to increase the level of participation, deliberation and transparency in government affairs, sometimes by use of Internet fora. In contemporary political science the introduction of these initiatives in authoritarian contexts has been described as a paradox of authoritarian deliberation. This thesis uses cybernetic theory, perspectives of information steering in all systems, to resolve the paradox and present a new view on authoritarianism and autocracy. A cybernetic definition of autocracy allows for an analysis of different types of autocracy in different models of governance. The theoretical tools developed are used to define and assess the potential for democratic autocracy, representative autocracy, deliberative autocracy and collaborative autocracy in online open government initiatives in China. The argument of the thesis is that these initiatives must be understood within the environment in which they are introduced. In the case of the Chinese online environment, individuals often have limited possibilities of acting anonymously. To explore how online identity registration affects citizens, a lab-in-the-field experiment was set up. Chinese university students were invited to engage with a government sponsored online forum under conditions of both anonymity and identity registration. Previous research suggests that anonymity would lead users of online fora to be more active and produce more content. This hypothesis was partly proven false by the experiment. This study shows that users who have their identities registered, sometimes even produce more content. The study also shows that registered users tend to act against their own preferences and participate more in nationalistic debates. The concluding discussion is focused on the wider implications of these effects. If citizens are incentivized to channel their dissatisfaction as loyalty, rather than voice or exit, they might become complicit in sustaining authoritarianism. Interviews with experiment participants show that open government initiatives primarily enable deliberative and collaborative autocracy when introduced in the Chinese online environment. This has the potential of increasing the amount of dissatisfaction that citizens channel as loyalty via mechanisms of authoritarian collaboration.
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Vigara, i. Campmany Julio E. (Julio Enrique). "Inside MediaLaB : un nuevo planteamiento para un Living Lab Multimedia/Hipermedia y el rescate de las televisiones locales que cerraron." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385742.
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The dissertation is focused on a multimedia lab for different applications, projects, text, video, audio, etc. Focused on the use of different user categories, as can be seen from reading the thesis. Design structures that can be effective, the program codes, program languages, and tools used to design and schedule used are proposed. You can output video synchronized time according to local time. We have investigated all kinds of references to avoid mistakes and has been possible objectives. Unfortunately the server we used to create this program is dead, your motherboard is not working and we have to wait to start again on another PC.
A research study has given us some results on the state of local television in Catalonia implying that 70% were no longer active in 2014 or 2015 as they are in daily local station TV show, but what they do is posting videos of events on the internet as a video on demand and this is not a regular daily issue, forcing to use the computer or Smartphone to see that video, and this is not our goal.
Our primary goal is for local TV studios can issue a daily schedule like any regular TV channel using the internet fiber optic network with 300Mbs. No need for an internet service provider or rely on an external server with videos in its database. Our solution gives the possibility that local broadcasters are self-reliant.
We have given a complete solution that works and that is a low economic cost to local television, giving a procedure for sending programs in video format quality and high definition, and also how a Smart TV in our home can receive the daily program through a system of appropriate devices and connections making a request for the IP address used by the local TV studio to send the entire program.
Knowing that this is operationally and economically and considering that Francisco Javier Villasevil is president of the federation of local television in Catalonia, when it comes to light and get together with municipalities that closed their local televisions, this may be the resumption of I wanted something that was lost, and allow student journalists, image and sound to work as interns to have a prosperous future careers.La tesis doctoral está enfocada en un laboratorio multimedia para diversos usos, proyectos, textos, vídeos, audio, etc., enfocada para el uso de diferentes categorías de usuario, tal y como se puede ver en la lectura de la tesis. Se proponen las estructuras de diseño que pueden ser efectivas, los códigos de programa, los lenguajes de programa utilizados y las herramientas de diseño y programación utilizadas. Se pueden emitir videos sincronizados por tiempo en función de la hora local. Se han investigado toda clase de referencias para no cometer errores y ha sido posible realizar los objetivos. Por desgracia el servidor que hemos utilizado para crear este programa ha muerto, su placa base no funciona y tenemos que esperar comenzar de nuevo en otro PC. Un estudio de investigación nos ha dado unos resultados sobre la situación de las televisiones locales de Cataluña dando a entender que un 70% ya no estaban activas en 2014 ni lo están en 2015 como emisora de programa diario local de televisión, sino que lo que hacen es publicar vídeos de eventos en internet como un vídeo en demanda y esto no es una emisión regular diaria, lo que obliga a usar el ordenador o el Smartphone para ver ese vídeo, y esto no es nuestro objetivo. Nuestro objetivo primordial es que los estudios de televisión locales puedan emitir una programación diaria como cualquier canal regular de televisión usando la red internet con fibra óptica de 300Mbs. Sin necesidad de utilizar un proveedor de servicio por internet ni depender de un servidor externo con vídeos en su base de datos. Nuestra solución da la posibilidad de que las televisiones locales sean autodependientes. Hemos dado una completa solución que funciona y que supone un bajo coste económico para la Televisión local, dando un procedimiento para enviar programas en formatos de vídeo de calidad y alta definición, y también cómo un Smart TV de nuestro hogar puede recibir el programa diario a través de un sistema de dispositivos y conexiones adecuadas haciendo una petición de la dirección IP que usa el estudio de televisión local para enviar todo el programa. Sabiendo que esto es funcional y económico y teniendo en cuenta que Francisco Javier Villasevil es presidente de la federación de televisiones locales de Cataluña, cuando esto salga a la luz y los reunamos con los ayuntamientos que cerraron sus televisiones locales, esto puede ser el reinicio de algo querido que se perdió, y permitir que estudiantes de periodismo, imagen y sonido puedan trabajar como becarios para disponer de un próspero futuro laboral.
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Young, Nathan Lee. "Effect of Rivers on Groundwater Temperature in Heterogeneous Buried-Valley Aquifers: Extent, Attenuation, and Phase Lag of Seasonal Variation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1401813367.
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Semionovas, Valentinas. "Atviro kodo programos korporatyvinio tinklo apsaugai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080924_175423-27114.
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Šiame darbe supažindinama su kompiuterinių tinklų apsaugos problemomis, pagrindiniais tinklo veikimo principais. Išaiškinti pagrindinai kompiuterinių tinklų struktūros modeliai. Išanalizuotos ir išaiškintos pagrindinės kompiuterių tinklo plėtros, sujungimo, maršrutizavimo, vaizdavimo, valdymo ir monitoringo problemos. Išnagrinėjus esamas kompiuterinių tinklų problemas, buvo sukurtas naujas tinklo modelis, užtikrinantis lengvą ir greitą tinklo išteklių ir vartotojų segmentaciją, pastovų ir nepertraukiamą visų tinklo mazgų darbą, o svarbiausiai užtikrinantis didelį visų kompiuterių tinklo vartotojų ir išteklių apsaugą. Taip pat yra numatyta lengva galimybė dėl naujų ar kitų tinklo segmentų prijungimo ir to paties tinklo augimo ir plėtros. Atlikti eksperimentai su naujų kompiuterių tinklų modeliais, aiškinantis teorinius ir praktinius VLAN tinklų kiekius, kuriuos pasiekus ar viršijus, vertėtų atlikti tinklo segmentaciją ir aiškinantis jų įtaką maršrutizatoriaus apkrovai ir veikimui.In this work you’ll learn about computer network’s problems and basic network operation principles, also the basic computer network’s structure models explained. Analyzed and explained basic problems about computer network development, connection, routers, monitoring and operation. After researching the existing computer network problems there was new network model designed. This model ensures easy and fast users and resources segmentation, constant and continuous work of all the network nodes and above all ensures the reliable protection for computer users and sources. Also there is the opportunity for the new or existing segments to hook up to the main network easily and for its growth and development. There were carried out the experiments with the new models of computer network, which helped to explain the theoretical and practical VLAN numbers. In case of reaching or exciding those VLAN numbers it is necessary to carry out network’s segmentation and clarify its influence on router’s overload and operation.
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Nilsson, Olov. "3D- modellering med LAS-data : Tester i ett licensierat- och i ett Open source-program." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72665.
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Det har blivit mer populärt att skapa 3D-modeller bland kommuner och företag idag. Det går att visualisera de flesta föremål i 3D, vilket kan skapa större tydlighet och därmed ökad förståelse. Lidköpings kommun vill kunna använda sin LiDAR-data till att visualisera byggnader samt kunna kombinera flera datalager med 3D-visualiseringar för att kunna skapa användbara karttjänster. I dagsläget finns det ingen programvara som kan skapa 3D-modeller av LiDAR-data i kommunen. Lidköpings kommun är intresserade av vilka alternativ för GIS-programvaror som finns. De programvaror som valts ut för att skapa 3D-modeller i studien är ArcGIS Pro och QGIS. ArcGIS Pro är en erkänd GIS-programvara på marknaden. Den är licensierad och kostsam. QGIS däremot är en GIS-programvara som är gratis och uppbyggd på fri källkod, vilket gör det möjligt att själv skapa algoritmer som sedan kan användas i programmet. Studien är en jämförelse mellan en programvara som är kostsam och en som är gratis. Metoden som används för att jämföra de båda programvarorna består av tre steg. Steg 1 är en programvarujämförelse, där olika påståenden ställer programvarornas kapacitet mot varandra. Steg 2 är en kontroll av lägesosäkerhet där koordinaterna av 3D-modellernas byggnadshörn jämförs med koordinater inmätta med totalstation. RMSE används för att jämföra lägesosäkerheten. Steg 3 är en visualiseringsanalys som sker igenom ett frågeformulär, vilket går ut till personer som är bekanta med GIS och 3D. Frågeformuläret ställer bilder med 3D-modeller från båda programvarorna mot varandra. Resultatet av samtliga tre steg visar, enligt metoden som har utförts, att ArcGIS Pro är den bättre programvaran. I steg 1 hade ArcGIS Pro fördelar på fem av åtta påståenden jämfört med QGIS. QGIS hade dock mindre tidsåtgång än ArcGIS Pro. I steg 2 hade ArcGIS Pro RMSE för höjd värdet; 1,617, vilket var lägre än RMSE-värdet; 1,961 i QGIS. Enligt svaren från enkäten i steg 3 bedömde ca 90 % av de svarande att ArcGIS Pro var det bättre programmet i de flesta avseenden för de avsedda ändamålen. Vissa jämförelser blev inte helt jämna. QGIS hade minst tidsåtgång för att det inte blev lika mycket felkoder som behövde undersökas som i ArcGIS Pro, även om processen för skapandet av 3D-modeller gick snabbare i ArcGIS Pro. Lägesosäkerhetsjämförelsen på höjd i ArcGIS pro var närmare de inmätta punkterna, då takmodellen skapade större tydlighet. Det blev lättare att se var taket började. I QGIS fanns det ingen takmodell, vilket gjorde det svårare att få höjden exakt.It has become more popular to create 3D models among local governments and companies today. Now it´s possible to visualize most objects in 3D, which can give an increased understanding. The local government in Lidköping wants to be able to use their LiDAR data to visualize buildings and to combine several data layers with 3D visualizations to create useful web map services. At the present, there is no software that are able create 3D models of LiDAR data at the Local government. The local government in Lidköping is interested in testing different options for modelling in 3D. Two software packages were chosen; ArcGIS Pro and QGIS. ArcGIS Pro is a GIS software that is highly acknowledged in the market. It´s licensed and can be considered expensive. QGIS is a software that is completely free to use and uses open source code, which makes it possible to create algorithms that can then be used in the program. In this view, there will be comparison between a software that is expensive and a software that is completely free. The method used to compare the two software consists of three stages. Stage 1 is a software comparison, where the software capabilities are set against each other in different scenarios. Stage 2 is an investigation of positional accuracy where the coordinates of the 3D model's building corners are compared with coordinates measured with Total Station as reference. RMSE is used to compare positional accuracy. Stage 3 is a visualization analysis that takes place through a questionnaire answered by people who are familiar with GIS and 3D. The result of all three stages, according to the method performed, shows that ArcGIS Pro is the better software. At stage 1, ArcGIS Pro won five out of eight scenarios against QGIS, though QGIS was more time efficient than ArcGIS Pro. At stage 2, ArcGIS Pro had a RMSE value for height of 1,617, which is lower than the 1,961 RMSE value that was on QGIS. At stage 3, ArcGIS Pro had over 90% of the reply rate for most of the questions, representing that ArcGIS Pro’s images were better to visualize the different scenarios. Some comparisons were not completely even though. QGIS had better time accuracy because it did not get as much errors which needed further investigations as in ArcGIS Pro. Although ArcGIS Pro’s processes for creating 3D models were faster. The positional accuracy comparison for the building’s height shows higher accuracy between ArcGIS Pro and the Total Station’s measurements. In QGIS the 3D-modell had no roof model, which made it harder to get accurate height of the building.
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Kracker, Carolina Krauter. "Variabilidade comportamental e seleção cultural: efeitos de esquemas análogos a reforçamento diferencial de variabilidade LAG e a CRF em processos de seleção de metacontingências." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16696.
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Metacontingencies are the product and the process of selection of cultural practices in the third level of selection by consequences, in which variation is a fundamental requisite for selection to occur. Three experiments were conducted with the objectives of investigate the effects of schemes analogous to differential reinforcement schemes of variability LAG, and CRF, upon the behavior variability in cultural selection processes, and to ascertain in which ways more or less variability along these processes would affect the selection of a new metacontingency, in the face of a change in the cultural consequences presentation criterion. In the Experiment I, 21 participants worked in trios, under the effect of schemes analogous to LAG 2 and LAG 1 for the products of responses of inserting numbers from 0 to 9 in spots placed in some computers´ screens. It was required, as a condition to the presentation of cultural consequences (bonus), that an aggregate product (PA) featured by an specific relation among the sums of the numbers inserted by the participants and by non-repetition of the sums between cycles, according to the n of the LAG contingence, was produced. It was observed that there wasn´t systematic production of this PA along more than two consecutive generations of participants and that only the specified relation among sums recurred along different generations. Stereotypies in the operant responses´ topographies and in the sums were found. In the face of the change in the criterion of presentation of the cultural consequences, featured by a different relation among the sums (new PA), the selection of/ by metacontingencies and cultural transmission occurred and the production of stereotypies was again observed. In the second experiment, that counted on 14 participants, similar experimental phases were conducted, except that there wasn´t a phase in which schemes analogous to LAG were in effect. The selection of/by metacontingencies and its transmission were verified in these conditions, and when the change in the criterion of presentation of the cultural consequences was made, a new cultural selection was observed in a similar moment of the occurrence of this phenomenon in the previous experiment; the practice was also transmitted. Behavior stereotypies were noticed, mainly in the first process of cultural selection that was described. There were 18 participants in the third experiment, in which a scheme analogous to LAG 1 for the sums was introduced; after 13 generations of participants the selection of/by metacontingencies was ascertained, as well as its transmission. It was observed that there was more variability in the responses topographies and in the sums, but patterns that indicated restrictions in the behavior variability were identified when the cultural selection occurred. It was concluded that the introduction of schemes analogous to LAG hampered the selection of/by metacontingencies and that a new cultural selection happened rapidly, despite of more or less behavioral variability in the microcultures´ stories previously the modification of the criterion related to the presentation of cultural consequences
Metacontingências são o produto e o processo de seleção de práticas culturais no terceiro nível de seleção por consequências, em que variação é requisito fundamental para ocorrência de seleção. Três experimentos foram conduzidos com os objetivos de investigar os efeitos de esquemas análogos a esquemas de reforçamento diferencial de variabilidade LAG e CRF em relação à variabilidade comportamental em processos de seleção cultural; e de averiguar de que maneira maior ou menor variabilidade ao longo desses processos afetariam a seleção de uma nova metacontingência, diante de uma mudança no critério de apresentação das consequências culturais. No Experimento I, 21 participantes trabalharam em trios, vigorando esquemas análogos a LAG 2 e LAG1 em relação a produtos das respostas de inserção de números de 0 a 9 em caselas dispostas nas telas de computadores. Exigiu-se, como condição para a apresentação de consequências culturais (bônus), que um produto agregado (PA) caracterizado por uma determinada relação entre as somas dos números inseridos pelos participantes e pela não-repetição das somas entre ciclos, de acordo com o n do LAG, fosse produzido. Observou-se que não houve produção sistemática desse PA por mais de duas gerações consecutivas de participantes e que apenas a relação entre as somas especificada recorreu por diversas gerações, observando-se estereotipias nas topografias das respostas operantes e nas somas. Diante da mudança no critério de apresentação da consequência cultural, caracterizada por uma relação diferente da anterior entre as somas (novo PA), ocorreu a seleção de/por metacontingências e transmissão cultural, novamente observando-se a geração de estereotipias. No segundo experimento, que contou com 14 participantes, fases experimentais semelhantes foram conduzidas, exceto que não houve uma fase em que esquemas análogos a LAG vigoraram. Averiguou-se que a seleção de/por metacontingências e sua transmissão ocorreram nessas condições e, diante de mudança no critério de apresentação da consequência cultural, nova seleção cultural foi observada em momento próximo ao verificado no experimento anterior, ocorrendo também a transmissão da prática. Estereotipias comportamentais foram notadas, principalmente no primeiro processo de seleção cultural descrito. Houve 18 participantes no terceiro experimento, em que se implementou um esquema análogo a LAG 1 para as somas; após 13 gerações de participantes, a seleção de/ por metacontingências com esse esquema em vigor pôde ser constatada, bem como sua transmissão. Foi observada maior variabilidade nas topografias de respostas e somas, mas padrões que indicaram restrição na variação comportamental foram identificados diante da ocorrência da seleção cultural. Constatou-se que a introdução de esquemas análogos a LAG teve como efeito dificultar a seleção de/ por metacontingências e que uma nova seleção cultural ocorreu rapidamente a despeito de haver maior ou menor variabilidade comportamental nas histórias de microculturas, anteriormente à mudança de critério para apresentação da consequência cultural de microculturas.
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Silva, Alexandre Abraão Muriana da. "O ensino por investigação em laboratório aberto como proposta didática no ensino de eletrodinâmica." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/2993.
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This work reports a set of activities developed under didactic proposal based on teaching by inquiry in an open laboratory with a group of high school students from a State School of Paraná, Brazil. In these activities the students evaluated, through a sequence of questions, basic concepts about electricity through the construction of circuits with lamps as resistors and other materials of easy access. The approach used is analternative to the traditional approach based on the use of chalk board and chalk. Aims to verify the contributions of a didactic proposal based on research teaching for the conceptual evolution on electricity in high school students. The research under taken was of a qualitative approach of applied nature with exploratory objectives and, as far as the procedural basis, it was figured as an action research. The data collection instruments were pieces that presented questions to be answered in consonance with the stages of teaching by research in open laboratory recommended in the literature. The observation of there action of the students to the situations to which they were exposed demonstrated that the proposal is motivating, because the students carry out the activities with enthusiasm and curiosity. It also demonstrated that previous ideas were built, reaching a deeper degree of elaboration than their previous conceptions. The evidence of learning, such as the level of elaboration of concepts and the use of specific terms in written argumentative interactions, evidences that the proposal was effective for the conceptual evolution on electrodynamics for the screen group.
Este trabalho relata um conjunto de atividades desenvolvidas sob proposta didática baseada no ensino por investigação em laboratório aberto junto a um grupo de estudantes do Ensino Médio de um Colégio Estadual do Paraná. Nestas atividades os estudantes avaliaram, mediante uma sequência de questões, conceitos básicos sobre eletricidade através de construção de circuitos com lâmpadas como resistores e outros materiais de fácil acesso.A abordagem utilizada é uma alternativa à abordagem tradicional baseada na utilização de quadro e giz, e tem como objetivo verificar as contribuições de uma proposta didática baseada no ensino por investigação para a evolução conceitual sobre eletricidade em alunos do ensino médio. A pesquisa empreendida foi de abordagem qualitativa de natureza aplicada com objetivos exploratórios e, quanto à base procedimental, figurou-se como uma pesquisa-ação. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram fichas que traziam questões a serem respondidas em consonância com as etapas do ensino por investigação em laboratório aberto preconizadas na literatura. A observação da reação dos estudantes frente às situações às quais foram expostos demonstrou que a proposta é motivadora, pois os alunos realizam as atividades com entusiasmo e curiosidade. Demonstrou também que as ideias prévias foram reconstruídas, atingindo um grau de elaboração mais aprofundado do que suas concepções prévias. Os indícios de aprendizagem, como o nível de elaboração dos conceitos e a utilização de termos específicos nas interações argumentativas registradas de modo escrito, evidenciam que a proposta se mostrou eficaz para a evolução conceitual sobre eletrodinâmica para o grupo em tela.
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Vilela, Belmiro. "Functional and molecular characterization of maize open stomata 1 protein kinase." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96978.
Full textAbstract:
Plant growth and productivity are compromised by environmental stresses such as pathogens, extreme temperatures, drought and high salinity. Being sessile organisms, plants had to develop different physiologic and biochemical strategies to cope with these potential harmful situations.
Drought in particular is one of the major environmental stresses that plants are forced to endure during their life cycle. The adaptation to water deficit is controlled by a cascade of molecular networks that start with the perception of water shortage which leads to increases in the ABA levels. Even though the ABA signalling model is well described for Arabidopsis, little is known for other plant species. With this thesis we proposed to increase the knowledge of maize response to drought, focusing on a maize kinase of the SnRK2 family ‐ ZmSnRK2.8/ZmOST1 ‐ which is highly homologous to the Arabidopsis OST1.
We divided our work on three chapters, namely the biochemical characterization of ZmOST1, the functional characterization of ZmOST1 and the study of ZmOST1 regulation.
1) ZmOST1 biochemical characterization
With Chapter 1 we characterized ZmOST1 at the biochemical level, making parallels with the Arabidopsis system whenever pertinent. We found a very close biochemical relationship between the maize and Arabidopsis kinases that suggests a conserved mechanism of plant responses to ABA and drought stress and point to the potential use of this kinase in improvement programs of drought tolerance in crops.
2) ZmOST1 functional characterization
With Chapter 2 we described ZmOST1 as a functional kinase that is activated by different osmotic stresses and that is able to complement the Arabidopsis ost1‐2 mutant with effects on stomata closure. We also present a transcription factor of the NAC superfamily (ZmSNAC1) as a novel cognate substrate of ZmOST1. Under abiotic stresses ZmOST1 is capable of phosphorylating this transcription factor with further implications on stomata regulation.
3) ZmOST1 regulation
With the results presented in Chapter 3 a larger picture of ABA signalling appears that implicates new partners on ZmOST1 regulation, specifically the CK2 kinase and the proteasome degradation. Ample evidence is shown suggesting CK2 phosphorylation is implicated in ABA signalling by affecting ZmOST1 localization, protein levels, protein degradation and interaction with PP2C phosphatases. At the plant level, overexpressing ZmOST1 mutagenized on the CK2 loci of phosphorylation grants several potential beneficial traits that could prove important for crop biotechnology, such as higher protein levels, better protein stability, enhanced phosphorylation activity and better stomata regulation.
Working model:
Taken the results presented in this thesis together, we propose a change in the current ABA signalling model.
First we believe that there is an important role for CK2 in ABA sensing and SnRK2 activation that could affect the binding of the kinase to the PP2C phosphatises and regulate SnRK2 through degradation.
Second, we propose that, apart from the always off and transiently fast on/off modes of SnRK2 activity, there is a third always on mechanism in which the kinase is fully detached from the phosphatase.La sequía es actualmente el factor abiótico más limitante para el crecimiento de las plantas y se está agravando con los actuales cambios climáticos, aumento de población y reducción de las reservas de agua. Se estima que en el 2050 el 50% de las tierras cultivadas tengan problemas de salinidad o sequía. Por ello, la intensificación de la agricultura y el desarrollo de la mejora biotecnológica de adaptación al estrés son áreas que tienen que reforzarse. En esta tesis se pretende ampliar los conocimientos sobre la respuesta del maíz a la sequía haciendo un estudio profundizado de una quinasa de tipo SnRK2, designada ZmOST1 que está implicada en la respuesta de las plantas al déficit hídrico. - Capítulo 1: Caracterización bioquímica de la quinasa de maíz ZmOST1 en que se establece que ZmOST1 se localiza en el núcleo y citoplasma, se activa por ABA, es capaz de autofosforilar su centro activo y directamente interacciona con una fosfatasa ZmPP2C a través de su dominio regulador. - Capítulo 2: Caracterización fisiológica de ZmOST1. Se determinan los niveles de expresión y de actividad de la quinasa en diferentes tratamientos y estadios de desarrollo; se establece que ZmOST1 es capaz de recuperar el fenotipo de cierre estomático en mutantes OST1 de Arabidopsis; y se identifica un factor de transcripción que se caracteriza como un nuevo substrato de esta quinasa. - Capítulo 3: Se describe una nueva ruta de regulación de ZmOST1 en que esta quinasa es fosforilada por la CK2 (casein kinase 2) en el dominio regulador. Mutagenizando los residuos diana de la CK2 en la ZmOST1 lleva a una mayor acumulación, una menor degradación por el proteasoma y una hipersensibilidad a ABA.
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Louis, Stephen. "Continuer à irriguer quand les lacs-réservoirs de barrage souffrent de taux de sédimentation sévères - Recommandations d'amélioration de la gestion du principal canal d'irrigation alimenté par l'ouvrage répartiteur de Canneau (Haïti)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/288808.
Full textAbstract:
L’État haïtien, pour faire face à l’insécurité alimentaire que connaît sa population (à croissance rapide et à faible revenu), s’appuie particulièrement sur la Vallée du département de l’Artibonite qui constitue depuis toujours le véritable grenier agricole du pays, en fournissant, à elle seule, plus de 80% de la production rizicole nationale. Cette production agricole assure non seulement les besoins alimentaires de la population locale, mais également ceux particuliers des départements voisins (Ouest, Nord et Centre).L’irrigation de cette vaste plaine agricole (32400 ha de terres agricoles irrigables) est garantie, à plus de 75%, par le réseau d’irrigation établi en rive Gauche de l'ouvrage-partiteur de Canneau, alimenté par un Canal principal (CMRG) ayant un débit nominal de 40 m3/s.Néanmoins, ce Partiteur, source d’approvisionnement exclusive du CMRG, est lui-même régulé par le Barrage-réservoir de Péligre qui se trouve à 70 km plus en amont sur le fleuve de l’Artibonite. En termes hydrauliques, nos travaux ont d'abord examiné la situation du réservoir de Péligre. Alors qu'au moment de la construction il était initialement prévu d’y stocker 607 Mm3, il ne reste plus aujourd'hui qu'à peine 40% de cette capacité utile, en raison des dépôts sédimentaires qui se sont constitués année après année derrière le barrage.Cette sédimentation spectaculaire (due à l’érosion des bassins versants amont fort dégradés), combinée aux déficits pluviométriques, provoque en période d’étiage une rareté d’eau, des lâchers insuffisants et donc des déficits en eau utile envoyée en amont de ce Partiteur de Canneau. Cela impacte significativement le réseau d’irrigation aval, dont le CMRG. Nos travaux ont montré que la situation est d'autant plus critique que les débits eux-mêmes, en amont comme en aval du Partiteur, sont en fait très mal connus et devraient faire l'objet d'approches méthodologiques plus rigoureuses que celles déployées sur site actuellement.Aussi, face à ces constats, de nouvelles règles de distribution de l’eau s’imposent, pour continuer à irriguer et espérer obtenir un rendement agricole acceptable (souhaitable).Notre travail s'est ainsi donné pour objectif de contribuer à la mise en place des nouvelles règles de gestion de l’eau (répartition) au sein du réseau d’irrigation alimenté par le CMRG, pour continuer à fournir l’eau à l’irrigant en quantité acceptable (et connue). Cette amélioration de gestion a été envisagée à la fois en amont et en aval de ce réseau d’irrigation, particulièrement en ses différents nœuds-clés (Canal principal et Canal secondaire).La démarche méthodologique adoptée pour relever ce défi majeur s’appuie notamment sur un système d’information hydro-morpho-sédimentaire actualisé et de qualité. Il s’agit d’une base de données, riche en observations de hauteurs d’eau (lues aux stations limnimétriques), vitesses de surface au flotteur, champs de vitesse explorés au moyen d’un courantomètre et en données bathymétriques et granulométriques des tronçons des canaux étudiés, appréciées respectivement au moyen d’un GPS différentiel et du tamisage à sec.Les résultats fort encourageants obtenus permettent d'acquérir une meilleure compréhension du système et une amélioration particulière du réseau d’irrigation en rive gauche du Partiteur de Canneau. En s’appuyant sur les historiques de sédimentation du Lac-réservoir de Péligre (de 1960 à 2016), nous présentons un document de synthèse sur la sédimentation du Lac-réservoir de Péligre. Ce document met notamment en exergue le taux de sédimentation sévère de ce dernier (5.47 Mm3/an), qui continue d’augmenter encore aujourd’hui, ainsi que les conséquences de celui-ci sur les débits turbinés et la disponibilité de l’eau en amont du Partiteur de Canneau.Nous mettons également en évidence les formes irrégulières (Lit-non prismatique) des tronçons des canaux étudiés, via une vue axonométrique des profils en travers (issus de l’étude bathymétrique) des canaux d’irrigation en terre battue étudiés. Puis, nous présentons de manière détaillée le caractère très hétérogène des dépôts sédimentaires de ces derniers, à partir d’une analyse des représentations en Log-Probit des résultats du tamisage, construites au moyen du logiciel GrandPlots.En nous appuyant sur les mesures expérimentales des contraintes de Reynolds et des profils instantanés de vitesse (pris à intervalle de 64 ms), tirés de la base de données EPFL, nous avons montré qu’il faut absolument travailler dans les 18% inférieurs de la colonne d’eau (z/h<0.18) et en mode déficitaire, dans un écoulement turbulent comme celui-là, pour extraire de façon représentative et pertinente une pente expérimentale u*/, comme indicateur de u*.À l’issue d’un examen détaillé de la distribution verticale de la vitesse au canal secondaire FNE, nous validons un DMLWL (Dip-Modified-log-wake-law) à la fois en amont et en aval du réseau. Nous montrons que ceci permet de modéliser le Dip-phenomenon observé systématiquement au sein des profils explorés in situ. Nous proposons une relation entre le coefficient d’inégale répartition de la vitesse à la verticale αv (de Prony) et l’aspect ratio (W/h) pour tout le réseau d’irrigation étudié ;ceci afin d’obtenir une vitesse débitante (Ū), simplement à partir d’une prise de vitesse au flotteur, dans l’axe central d’écoulement.À partir des débits quantifiés à la section de référence du CMRG, via l’équation de continuité (Q=AŪ), nous fournissons un Abaque, diagramme à 3 entrées (débit (Qp), charge amont (H0) et ouverture de vanne (hv)), permettant aux vanniers de connaitre les débits au pont de fer correspondant aux différentes ouvertures de vanne et celui pour lequel le trop-plein (retour des eaux excédentaires vers le fleuve de l’Artibonite) commence à fonctionner.À l’égard des opérateurs locaux et gestionnaires du système, nous mettons enfin à disposition, des méthodes/outils simples et efficaces leur permettant de quantifier finement le débit au Canal principal en amont ainsi qu’au canal secondaire en aval, simplement à partir d’une mesure de hauteur d’eau (h) et de vitesse de surface au flotteur (Us).Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Fonseca, Cecília Bezerra da Silva, Camila Elena Muza Cruz, and Rodrigo Bezerra da Silva. "Estruturação de living labs e sua governança por temas da cidade inteligente: o caso da linha verde em Curitiba." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17419.
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The purpose of this work is to elaborate a proposal of Living Labs organization on the region known as 'Linha Verde' urban zone of road BR 116, that crosses Curitiba and became the sixth structuring axis of the city. As an old road, it provides low added-value services and has social demands pending of solution, as the same time as it is passing by an urban requalification process aiming the change in this scenario. It is believed that, by transforming this route in a sustainable innovation center, the attractiveness of this zone will be increased, bringing in companies and services intensive in technology and of higher complexity. To accomplish the change in 'Linha Verde' in aaccordance with the Reference Term presented by the City Hall of Curitiba to Fundação Getulio Vargas, a study on Living Labs was conducted – real life experimentation labs that target the creation of innovative products and services through public-private-personal partnerships. The research methods applied in the formulation of the present thesis proposal were national and international experience collection through literature revision, semi-structured interviews with key players of 'Linha Verde' project material analysis and field visits. The Strategic Situational Planning was used to realize scenario diagnosis and proposals to the solution of the case. The proposal developed in the work consists of mapping potential Living Labs for 'Linha Verde' detaling important aspects apprehended in bibliographical review (coordination, participation and network formation and implementation method). It was made the option of suggesting them according to the six interest areas of a smart city (smart environment, smart mobility, smart living, smart people, smart economy and smart governance) given the fact that Curitiba already adopts this concept. In addition to that, the creation of a structure of governance and innovative ideas capitation was suggested, based on researched international experiences. Possible externalities that the Living Labs may bring to the city are also presented. Lastly, the steps of the proposal implemetation are presented. The initiatives presented here can contribute to make the 'Linha Verde' a social and economic development area serving as a laboratory of innovative urban solutions.
O objetivo desse trabalho consiste na elaboração de proposta para estruturação de Living Labs na região da Linha Verde, trecho urbano da BR 116, que cruza Curitiba, e que se tornou o sexto eixo estruturante da cidade. Por ser antiga rodovia, apresenta serviços de baixo valor agregado, com demandas sociais a serem resolvidas, e passa por um processo de requalificação urbana, visando mudar esse cenário. Acredita-se que transformar essa via num centro de inovações urbanas sustentáveis aumentará a atratividade da região, trazendo empresas e serviços intensivos em tecnologia e de maior complexidade. Para realizar essa mudança na Linha Verde, atendendo ao Termo de Referência apresentado à Fundação Getulio Vargas pela Prefeitura de Curitiba, realizou-se estudo de Living Labs – laboratórios de experimentação na vida real, cujo objetivo é criar produtos e serviços inovadores por meio de parcerias público-privada-pessoais. Os métodos de pesquisa utilizados para formulação da proposta dessa dissertação foram: revisão de literatura com levantamento de experiências nacionais e internacionais, entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores do projeto da Linha Verde, análise de materiais e visitas de campo. Utilizou-se o Planejamento Estratégico Situacional para diagnóstico do cenário e proposição das soluções para o caso. A proposta elaborada no trabalho consiste no mapeamento de potenciais Living Labs para a Linha Verde, com detalhamento de aspectos importantes identificados na revisão bibliográfica (coordenação, participação, formação da rede e método de implementação). Optou-se por sugeri-los de acordo com as seis áreas de interesse de uma cidade inteligente (smart environment, smart mobility, smart living, smart people, smart economy e smart governance), visto que Curitiba já adota esse conceito. Adicionalmente, sugeriu-se a criação de estrutura de governança e de captação de ideias inovadoras, baseadas em experiências internacionais pesquisadas. Apresentam-se também possíveis externalidades que os Living Labs podem trazer à cidade. Por fim, apresentam-se as etapas de implantação da proposta. As iniciativas aqui propostas podem contribuir para tornar a Linha Verde uma área de desenvolvimento econômico e social, servindo como um laboratório de soluções urbanas inovadoras.
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Reátegui, Reátegui Gianella. "Un análisis crítico de los principios teóricos y conceptuales del modelo “The Golden Stakeholder Circle"." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653892.
Full textAbstract:
El presente trabajo analiza los principios teóricos y conceptuales que componen el modelo “The Golden Stakeholder Circle”. La metodología empleada en este artículo corresponde al desarrollo de un paradigma naturalista e interpretativo, porque se estudia la gestión de las relaciones de las partes interesadas y se trata de comprender, analizar e interpretar la fenomenología de los conflictos sociales, centrándonos en la estructura del modelo, con el fin de comprender a cabalidad sus partes y generar nuevos conocimientos a partir del estudio de la literatura del modelo.
Por ello se optó por recolectar y analizar el material bibliográfico empleado por Cesar Saenz para la elaboración de su modelo. Asimismo, se decidió analizar y comparar los datos e información sobre las teorías y conceptos empleados en dicho modelo con estudios y artículos de investigación en donde se desarrollaron casos en contextos similares y que exploraron algunas de las líneas de investigación que el autor empleó para construir su modelo. Finalmente, se complementó la información de los alcances del modelo con los aportes y descubrimientos de los otros estudios.This work analyzes the theoretical and conceptual principles that make up the model “The Golden Stakeholder Circle”. The methodology used in this article corresponds to the development of a naturalistic and interpretive paradigm, because the management of stakeholder relationships is studied and it is about understanding, analyzing and interpreting the phenomenology of social conflicts, focusing on the structure of the model, in order to fully understand its parts and generate new knowledge from the study of the model's literature. For this reason, it was decided to collect and analyze the bibliographic material used by Cesar Saenz for the elaboration of his model. Likewise, it was decided to analyze and compare the data and information on the theories and concepts used in said model with studies and research articles where cases were developed in similar contexts and that explored some of the lines of research that the author used to build his model. Finally, the information on the scope of the model was complemented with the contributions and discoveries of the other studies.
Trabajo de investigación
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Gustafsson, Frans. "Elevers läsvanor : En kvalitativ studie av fyra fordonselevers läsvanor." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21210.
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The following study was conducted at an upper secondary school in Sweden and attempts to explore the question of what influences male pupils’ reading habits. Many quantitative international studies, including PISA, PIRLS and IEA Reading Literacy, have sought to answer this question, but only partially succeeded due to the limitations of their methods. Therefore, this study seeks to explore this question in more depth using qualitative methods, including interviews and classroom observations, but also minor tests. Two facts which the previously mentioned international studies have found is that boys and particularly immigrant boys tend to have worse reading results than their counterparts. It is therefore the aim of this study to study four male students in upper secondary school; of which two are native Swedes and the other two are unaccompanied refugee children; one from Afghanistan and the other from Morocco. The findings of this study are as follows. Firstly, necessity was found to be the single most important factor for the reading habits of these four pupils; especially the two refugees. Both refugees learnt to read under harsh circumstances in madrassas in their respective home countries. Moreover, the Moroccan pupil learnt to speak and read Spanish fluently during his seven years as a homeless child. Furthermore, in the absence of necessity, interest was found to be decisive in determining the pupils’ reading habits. In addition to this, the study theorizes that an interest in reading generally arises before the ability to read and not vice versa. However, teachers can in fact affect their pupils’ reading habits even in upper secondary school.
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Scarlato, Michele. "Sicurezza di rete, analisi del traffico e monitoraggio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3223/.
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Il lavoro è stato suddiviso in tre macro-aree.
Una prima riguardante un'analisi teorica di come funzionano le intrusioni, di quali software vengono utilizzati per compierle, e di come proteggersi (usando i dispositivi che in termine generico si possono riconoscere come i firewall).
Una seconda macro-area che analizza un'intrusione avvenuta dall'esterno verso dei server sensibili di una rete LAN.
Questa analisi viene condotta sui file catturati dalle due interfacce di rete configurate in modalità promiscua su una sonda presente nella LAN.
Le interfacce sono due per potersi interfacciare a due segmenti di LAN aventi due maschere
di sotto-rete differenti. L'attacco viene analizzato mediante vari software.
Si può infatti definire una terza parte del lavoro, la parte dove vengono analizzati i file
catturati dalle due interfacce con i software che prima si occupano di analizzare i dati di
contenuto completo, come Wireshark, poi dei software che si occupano di analizzare i dati di
sessione che sono stati trattati con Argus, e infine i dati di tipo statistico che sono stati trattati
con Ntop.
Il penultimo capitolo, quello prima delle conclusioni, invece tratta l'installazione di Nagios, e
la sua configurazione per il monitoraggio attraverso plugin dello spazio di disco rimanente su
una macchina agent remota, e sui servizi MySql e DNS. Ovviamente Nagios può essere
configurato per monitorare ogni tipo di servizio offerto sulla rete.
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Turner, Jesse Hosea III. "A quantitative study of the lac operon." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17837.
Full textAbstract:
The lac operon has been key in the study of genetic regulation. Consisting of three structural genes and a regulatory domain, the lac operon controls the manufacture of lactose-digesting enzymes in E. coli bacteria. The mechanisms through which it is repressed and activated are standard and apply to many operons in other genetic settings. As a result, scientists believe understanding the lac operon will help to decipher how more complicated genetic regulatory systems behave.
A large amount of quantitative data has been generated from the lac operon, a consequence of both its small size and tractability. A variety of mathematical models have been employed to examine this data. Here, we will investigate how bifurcation theory, reverse engineering, and Gillespie's stochastic simulation method have all been used to uncover some aspect of the lac operon. Conclusions drawn from the results of these models promise to reveal new information about this operon.
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Johnson, Stephanie Lynn. "DNA Mechanics and Transcriptional Regulation in the E. coli lac Operon." Thesis, 2012. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/7024/1/ThesisSJohnson2012_FINAL.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Many gene regulatory motifs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes involve physical manipulations of the genetic material, often on length scales short enough that the mechanical properties of the DNA significantly impact gene expression. One class of such manipulations, called “action at a distance”, includes transcription factor-mediated DNA looping, in which a binding site some distance away on the DNA is brought into close proximity with the transcription machinery at the promoter. DNA looping is a key component of several important regulatory systems in bacteria, and is crucial to the combinatorial control that is common at eukaryotic promoters regulated by more transcription factors than can physically bind adjacent to the promoter. Here we use a prototypical DNA looping protein, the Lac repressor from E. coli, to explore questions regarding the role of DNA mechanics in DNA looping and combinatorial control, particularly concerning the role of sequence flexibility in short-length-scale looping. We combine a statistical mechanical model of looping by the Lac repressor with a single-molecule technique called tethered particle motion that allows us to quantify this looping, and the systematic tuning of four biologically relevant and experimentally tractable parameters: loop length, loop sequence, repressor-DNA affinity, and repressor concentration. We show that this combination is a powerful approach to measuring repressor-DNA binding affinities and sequence-dependent DNA flexibilities in a way that is orthogonal, and therefore complementary, to conventional ensemble assays. Our results show that the sequence dependence to looping is more complicated than has been observed in other contexts, suggesting that “sequence flexibility” as a general term is misleading, and, we argue, that the measurement of sequence flexibilities depend more strongly than previously appreciated on the shape of the deformation used to make the measurement. Finally, we present preliminary results with a more complicated system that is a case study for broader issues in combinatorial control, and a new hidden Markov model approach, based on variational Bayesian inference, to analyze these more complicated systems, which we hope will allow more precise dissections of, and more robust extraction of kinetic parameters from, tethered particle motion assays.
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"Stochasticity and cell population heterogeneity in an artificial lac operon genetic network." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/61820.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this work is two-fold: (1) to develop a novel mathematical and computational framework that incorporates the major sources of cell population heterogeneity and (2) to use this framework to demonstrate the effect of stochasticity on cell population heterogeneity in an artificial lac operon genetic network.
During the past decades, several approaches have been used to model heterogeneity in bacterial cell populations, each approach focusing on different source(s) of heterogeneity. However, a holistic approach that integrates all the major sources into a generic framework is still lacking. In this work we present a mathematical and computational framework that describes single cells or cell populations and takes into account stochasticity in reaction, division and DNA duplication, all of which constitute sources of cell population heterogeneity. We subsequently use this framework to demonstrate how stochasticity generates complex behavior and phenotypic heterogeneity in the case of an artificial lac operon genetic network, characteristic of positive feedback regulation. Our results show that stochasticity can enhance phenotypic heterogeneity, create or destroy bistability, and result in noise-induced transitions between attracting vicinities. We also found that it is possible to predict population averages with carefully constructed single cell models.
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Ling-Yi, Huang, and 黃令宜. "The studies on lac operon structure genes and their flanking genes of Erwinia chrysanthemi." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05264305458691630595.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
生命科學系碩士班
97
Bacterial soft rot pathogen of plant is mainly caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi (Ech) and Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc). These bacteria were grown in MacConkey medium and Luria medium with different colors of colonies. Luria medium contains lactose and bromothymol blue. Ech strains can’t produce organic acid with lactose, but Ecc can. Accordingly, we have focused on the structural gene types of lac operon of Ecc and Ech. Furthermore, we have investigated the flanking genes of Ech lac operon. The lacZ and lacY gene of Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica SCRI1043 (Eca) could be used to detect Ech and Ecc by PCR amplification and southern hybridization. The result indicated that Ech only possess lacZ gene, but Ecc possess lacZ and lacY gene. We examined the flanking genes of lac operon in different E. coli strains, they had the same genes but differ to Eca’s lac operon flanking genes. When we used the lac operon flanking genes of Eca to detect Ech and Ecc by PCR amplification, it showed that Ecc and Eca had same genes, but Ech didn’t. Therefore, we suggested that Eca and Ech had differnt flanking genes of lac operon. We constructed lacZ gene by E. chrysanthemi Dd1200 genomic library. And found that Ech only possess lacZ and the flanking genes were aspartate racemase gene-lacI-lacZ- tRNAAsn-integrase gene after subcloning,sequencing,and sequence analysing.. Piled up and analyzed lacZ gene of Ech and Ecc could be used to design specific primers of Ech and Ecc. By combining the specific primers of lacZ and lacY, we could distinguish and characterize Ecc and Ech. Besides, we designed an intragene primer : lacZ-integrase, and tested Ech of 9 biovar by PCR amplification, four of them (biovar1,6,7,9) had correct fragment. Futhermore, we cloned lacZ gene by E. chrysanthemi PB1 genomic library. After subcloning, sequencing, sequence analysing, we found that Ech PB1 only possess lacZ, and the order of flanking genes were aspartate racemase gene-lacI-lacZ-tRNAAsn-amino acid ABC transporter gene. To sum up, the flanking gene of Ech lac operon had two different types. One was integrase gene next to lacZ gene, and another was tRNAAsn-amino acid ABC transporter gene next to lacZ gene. After analyzing the flanking genes of four bacteria’s lac operon, E. coli, Eca, Ech Dd1200 and Ech PB1, we suggested that bacteria got lacZ gene by horizontal gene transfer. The lac operon located on different sites of these bacteria. It is possible that lacZ operon was evolved from a single lacZ gene to lacZ-lacY or lacZ-lacY-lacA.
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"Transcriptional regulation of pyruvate formate lyrase: structural gene pfl in anaerobic metabolism of Salmonella typhimurium with pfl::Mu d1-8 (Ap lac) operon fusions." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1987. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885769.
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Londeore, Cynthia Fay. "Beyond books : interactive lessons for the college biology classroom." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4372.
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College level science is frequently taught as a recitation of facts in a lecture hall, and the students are expected to gain understanding and insight with their own study. Interactive learning is more effective than lecture based learning and more memorable for the students. Teaching with hands on models has been shown to specifically be beneficial in a college level molecular biology context. Included here is a guide for the instructor leading her through topic selection, activity development, and presentation to the class, as well as five complete and tested lesson plans with notes on alteration made and the reasons for them.text
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Sandeepa, M. E. "Survival Strategies Of SALMONELLA." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/840.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Salmonella includes facultative intracellular pathogens. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) causes typhoid fever in humans killing about 2,00,000 people globally every year. Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) cause food poisoning in humans. Salmonellae also cause disease in animals of economic importance like poultry and cattle. Treatment of diseases
caused by these notorious pathogens is becoming more and more difficult because of the emergence of drug resistant strains. Thus, it is vital to understand the virulence mechanisms of Salmonella which can lead us to potential drug targets and also help us design effective vaccines. Salmonella has evolved many strategies to enter the host, to evade intracellular and extracellular antimicrobial activities of the host and to extract nutrition in the stringent and hostile environment of the host. These strategies have enabled Salmonella to survive and multiply in the host making it a successful pathogen. Present study deals with four such survival strategies of Salmonella. S. Typhimurium causes a systemic disease in mice that is similar to typhoid fever caused by serovar Typhi in humans. This serves as a good model system to study and understand the pathogenesis of Salmonellae. This model system has been used throughout this study. In the present thesis attempts have been made to identify some novel survival strategies of Salmonella. The thesis is divided into five chapters.
Chapter 1 gives an introduction into the basic biology of these notorious pathogens. The diseases caused by Salmonellae are introduced in this chapter. Typhoid fever is discussed in detail covering its epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Next section covers the virulence determinants of Salmonella. In this section, Salmonella pathogenicity islands are discussed in detail. This chapter concludes with an overview of molecular pathogenesis of Salmonella covering its invasion strategy and its dangerous life inside the host cell. Salmonella stays and multiplies inside a specialized endosomal compartment of the host cell known as Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). It is believed that Salmonella multiplies inside SCV resulting in single big vacuole containing multiple bacteria.
The results of Chapter 2 challenge this notion. Using transmission electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy we show that SCV also divides along with the division of Salmonella resulting in multiple SCVs containing single bacterium per vacuole. We also show that this division is mediated by the molecular motor dynein. This chapter concludes with a discussion on the advantages of SCV division with respect to Salmonella. Successful intracellular pathogens must have some strategy either to avoid lysosomal fusion or to endure the toxic molecules of lysosomes. In case of Salmonella, it is well accepted that SCV-lysosome fusion is blocked. However, the exact mechanism of this process is still unclear.
The results of Chapter 3 enhance our understanding of this issue. This chapter explores an interesting possibility of Salmonella reducing the lysosomal number and thereby reducing the chances of SCV-lysosome fusion. Using flowcytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy, we show that Salmonella decreases the number of acidic lysosomes in murine macrophages. Thus, our results suggest that there is an imbalance in the ratio of vacuoles to acidic lysosomes which decreases the probability of SCV-lysosome fusion thereby helping Salmonella avoid lysosomes. Multicellular organisms use various defense strategies to protect themselves from microbial infections; production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is one of them. Being cationic in nature, AMPs interact and cause pores in the bacterial membrane eventually killing the bacteria. Pathogenic micro-organisms like Salmonella have evolved many strategies to counteract the AMPs they encounter upon their entry into the host systems. S Typhimurium genome has a gene cluster consisting of yejA, yejB, yejE and yejF genes which encode a putative ABC transporter.
Chapter 4 deals with the detailed characterization of these genes. Our study shows that these genes constitute an operon. We have deleted the yejF gene which encodes the ATPase component of this putative ABC transporter. The ΔyejF strain showed increased sensitivity to AMPs like protamine, melittin, polymyxin B and human defensins and was compromised to proliferate inside activated macrophages and epithelial cells. In murine typhoid model, the ΔyejF strain displayed decreased virulence when infected intragastrically. These findings suggest that the putative transporter encoded by the yejABEF operon is involved in counteracting AMPs and contributes to the virulence of Salmonella. An important biochemical property of Salmonella that distinguishes it from the closely related E. coli is its inability to ferment lactose. In E. coli, lactose fermentation is carried out by the products of lac operon which is regulated by a repressor encoded by lacI. Salmonella does not have the lac operon and lacI. It has been proposed that S.enterica has lost lac region (lacI and lacZYA) during its evolution.
Chapter 5 deals with the evolutionary and physiological significance behind the loss of lac region by S.enterica. We show that expression of LacI in S. enterica suppresses its virulence by interfering with the expression of SPI-2 virulence genes. We also observed that the genome of S. bongori which does not have the virulence genes of SPI-2 has a homologue of LacI. Our results suggest that presence of lacI has probably hindered the acquisition of virulence genes of SPI-2 in S. bongori, whereas absence of lacI has facilitated the same in S. enterica making it a successful systemic pathogen. Thus, lacI has played a remarkable role in the evolution of Salmonella virulence. Brief summary of four studies that are not directly related to survival strategies of Salmonella are included in Appendix. First two studies analyze molecular evolution of SPIs to understand the mechanism of host specificity in Salmonella and the last two studies explore the signaling of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Salmonella.
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Hsu, Yu-I., and 許玉儀. "Study on the Development and Management of Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32169683169187501226.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
鄉土文化學系
98
This paper takes Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company as the object of research. It describes the formation and organization of the Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company and studies the source of the talents and changes of members. It is for finding out the passage of Taiwanese Opera and the results of its innovation, promotion and cultural exchange. It also analyzes the present situation and provides the future development directions as seen by interviewed parties from different circles. The Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company was originally founded for preserving, carrying forward, innovating and developing traditional opera, nurturing performance talents of Taiwanese opera and promoting the performance arts of Taiwanese opera. At the beginning, the troupe operation was commissioned to the Lan Yang Culture and Education Foundation. In 1996, Yilan Country Government, for long term management of the Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company, placed it under the management of a Troupe Foundation. Under Article 3 of Yilan County Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Development Foundation Management and Employment Measures promulgated on Nov. 8, 2004, it specifically provided that the Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera is under Affiliated Unit Budget Operation Foundation and Yilan County Government established Public Foundation pursuant to Budget Act, and the troupe was operated up to now. The Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company had composed and created quite a number of new Taiwanese opera scripts and has performed Taiwanese opera music in the National Music Hall, as well as incorporated traditional opera music with modern rock music and western classic music to make the traditional opera music more diversified. The troupe has been involved in many different promotional activities, such as holding a National Taiwanese Opera Orientation Camp and performing in 12 townships of Yilan County in circulation, making promotional performance, guiding community Taiwanese opera groups and instructing inmates. From news report and interviews with members of the troupe, scholars and experts and local gentries, it is understood that funds are one of the major difficulties encountered by the Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company. Scholars, experts, counselors and local workers in history and culture all have high hopes for the Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera to concentrate on its function of advancing culture and preserving and promoting Taiwanese opera, instead of aiming at revenue like ordinary Taiwanese opera troupes, and they all hope that Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company will be able to gather a new audience population. Also, Lan Yang Taiwanese Opera Company will build its own competitive edge and indispensability, so that its budget issue will not become an issue of debate among counselors in Yilan.
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Bernard-Johnston, Jean Merrill. "Singing the lives of the Buddha: Lao folk opera as an educational medium." 1993. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9329569.
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Lao folk opera is a unique blend of popular theatre and sung poetry performed among Lao-speaking people of rural Southeast Asia for a wide range of social and religious purposes. As a traditional medium for popular education, its primary function has been to preserve the cultural identity of the ethnic Lao by re-enacting ancient myths, local folk legends, and morality tales based on the penultimate lives of the Buddha. This dissertation explores the role of Lao folk opera as a medium for constructively addressing problems of cultural conflict and acculturative stress that have arisen among lowland Lao refugees and their children in urban America. The central focus of the inquiry is on the ways Lao folk opera currently functions as a learning medium in the resettlement context. The need for validation of such locally produced endogenous media has become increasingly apparent as long term resettlement issues continue to emerge as threats to linguistic and cultural identity. The review of literature encompasses the role of oral specialists in traditional societies, Buddhist epistemology in the Theravada tradition, and community education in rural Lao culture. These sources provide the background necessary to an understanding of the medium's capacity for encapsulating culture and teaching ethical values in ways that connect past to present, distant to near. The field research, which was accomplished in collaboration with a Lao folk opera troupe based in New England, adapted the action research model originally proposed by Kurt Lewin to the principles of Buddhist community education. The videotaped performance of a drama based on the refugee experience and subsequent audience reactions formed the main body of qualitative data. Group reflections revealed that the medium provides a viable context for performance artists to assume the role of critical culture makers with a potent educational agenda. Recommendations include the encouragement of local media producers to take advantage of community access facilities to counteract the homogenizing influences of the dominant media and the more active inclusion of elders in the transfer of language and culture across generational borders.
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Lin, Ying-Yu, and 林穎佑. "Living Lab and Innovation: The User Innovation and Open Innovation Perspectives." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cwmh6e.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
科技管理研究所
101
In 2005, after EU promoted the concept of Living Lab, Living Labs have been set up in numerous countries and already gone through three generations. The core value of Living Lab is to improve and increase the insight of R&;D transfers , and to make the latest scientific and technological achievements turn into practical applications. Living Lab applies collective wisdoms and creativities to provide opportunities, address social issues, and emphasize the human-oriented, user-centered and co-innovation function. Moreover, Living Lab is devoted to develop a user-centric and the open innovative community which cooperated with government, enterprises, and research institutions. This study established a framework to illustrate Living Lab on user innovation and open innovation perspectives and describes the key element for setting a innovative Living Lab. In the conclusion of this paper, most of the projects on Living Lab that initiated by planning agencies would take more user feedbacks as the basis for their solutions, and there would be more opportunities to cooperate with external resources. Thus, there are more elements of user innovation and open innovation that would help to promote innovation in the above described Living Lab. Using ITRI and III as case studies, the results provide good references for city planning and help to build self-sustaining ecosystems in many areas. In addition, if enterprises adopt Living Lab, it would accelerate the process of improving products and strengthen the unique advantages of ICT industry in Taiwan.
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游素凰. "A study on Chen Wang-tsung’s Lao Ge Zi Xi, the early time Taiwanese opera." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8u86hh.
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Liu, Ching-Yi, and 劉靜怡. "The Comparison of the Music in Taiwanese Opera, “Palm Civet for Prince”: Based on the Versions of Min-Kuan Taiwanese Opera Troupe, Lan-Yang Taiwanese Opera Company." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kjxhvm.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣藝術大學
中國音樂學系碩士班
101
Taiwan, a place full of diversed cultures, is also the place where the Koa-á-hi, Taiwanese Opera, is developed with its cultural environment, commercial componants, and the popularity among the audience. This thesis attempts to analyse the story “Palm Civet for Prince” based on two versions performed by two Taiwanese Opera troupes, by collecting data from observations of the performances, historical records, the sound recording of the performances and the music score, in order to anaylyse the story’s music re-editing and the its changes over time. The two modern versions of the story “Palm Civet for Prince” is “Gio-Chu Bridge” (a bridge of nine turnings) performed by Min-Kuan Taiwanese Opera Troupe and “Palm Civet for Prince” performed by Lan-Yang Taiwanese Opera Company. By connecting the opera and the music, the researcher sorts out the changes in the plot of “Palm Civet for Prince” on the one hand, and the connetion of the two modern versions with the original story “Palm Civet for Prince” on the other hand. The resercher compares and contrasts the music by two composers of these two modern versions, Mr. Jing-Chuan Lin and Mr. Yi-Chien Chou, according to how they composed the music to match the singer’s voices, the tones and the rhythms, and the arranging of the incidental music. Based on the above anaylses, this thesis shows several general components these two modern versions share in common, in order to provide useful information and references for modern Taiwanese Opera composers. The resercher hopes that this could contrubute to the performance and composing of modern Taiwanese Opera.
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YU, Hui-Hsiang, and 游輝祥. "Design of low profile LTE/LAA PIFA antenna with open loop coupling structure." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52xnvg.
Full textAbstract:
碩士景文科技大學
電子工程系電腦與通訊碩士班
105
In this paper, we propose an open-loop coupled-structure PIFA antenna. We use the general traditional inverted-F-shaped antenna as the design basis, and then add a radiation path and parasitic element next to each other to obtain three resonant paths, where PIFA longer path is used to generate Low frequency resonance mode to provide LTE 700 band operation, while the other shorter path is used to generate high-frequency mode, to provide GSM 2500 band operation, increase the open loop coupling structure resonates out of the LAA3500 band, in the Traditional PIFA dual-frequency antenna design, because only a single short-circuit path in the high-frequency mode and low-frequency mode can only get a compromise between the short circuit length to control its low frequency and high frequency impedance bandwidth, the antenna in maintaining the original LTE And increases the resonant path of the LAA at the same time, increasing the antenna effect of the band by the open loop coupling antenna structure. Detailed antenna design and experimental data will be described and discussed in this paper.
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CHEN, CHEN-HSIU, and 陳秀真. "A Study on the Current State of Teaching and Learning Taiwanese Opera in I-Lan County." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72fn2k.
Full textAbstract:
碩士佛光大學
社會教育學研究所
96
Abstract The purpose of this research is to understand I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop’s state of play in both teaching and learning; to analyze pupils’ participation motive, learning situation, masters’ teaching situation and problems. Qualitative research methodology is used is this research, and the data is collected through individual interviews. The objects of study are chosen from masters and pupils who are currently participating in I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop, including eight pupils and four masters. After analyzing the data, the researcher’s findings are as follows: I. For the pupils in I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop, their intrinsic motivation in participation comes from their childhood impression of watching Taiwanese opera, appreciation of operas, and adoration of opera actors. These are the intrinsic driving force which converts into intrinsic motivation. II. I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop students’ extrinsic motivation: Most of the pupils got the information about the workshop through their family and friends, and they often accompany one another in joining the workshop. The contact through their jobs is not for the development of career, but for the advantages in improving their careers. III. I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop pupils’ state of play and their attitude towards the masters’ teaching: the teaching environment is master-oriented; masters have abundant stage and teaching experiences. In the teaching process, they use methods of both “training skills through scripts” and “teaching step by step through proper sequences”. IV. After the pupils participate in I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop, there have been influences and changes in both their lives and individual cognition. Influences of life are mainly in recreation activities and recreation period of time. Most of the pupils feel that they understand more about themselves, and they are more confident about themselves. V. For the pupils in I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop, the obstacles in learning are mostly psychological factors. They worry that their age, bad retention, slow movement, and appearances will hinder their learning, and stage performance. VI. The masters in I-Lan Taiwanese Opera Workshop integrate their individual characteristics and concepts in teaching. They are all devoted and patient, and every pupil is treated alike. The masters learn valuable life experiences from their pupils. Both the masters and the pupils learn and improve from each other. The masters respect the pupils and allow them space for freedom and creativity. They hope that the accomplishment of Taiwanese opera will be improved, and they take on the job of passing down Taiwanese opera as their mission. VII. The problems in teaching are affected by individuals, pupils, administration and financial factors. Because the masters expect a lot of themselves, they feel frustrated when the pupils are not able to meet their standards. The high differentials in pupils often cause difficulty in teaching. Disagreement in concepts with the authority and lack of co-ordination affect masters’ teaching. Insufficient in expenditure is a basic problem for every workshop. In conclusion of all the findings from this study, here are some suggestions for the education authority, the publics interested in Taiwanese opera, educators interested in Taiwanese opera teaching, and future researches on Taiwanese opera.