Relevant bibliographies by topics / Laccolith

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Academic literature on the topic 'Laccolith'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Laccolith"

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Denele, Yoann, Pierre Barbey, Etienne Deloule, Ewan Pelleter, Philippe Olivier, and Gérard Gleizes. "Middle Ordovician U-Pb age of the Aston and Hospitalet orthogneissic laccoliths: their role in the Variscan evolution of the Pyrenees." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 180, no. 3 (May 1, 2009): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.180.3.209.

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Abstract Two identical zircon U-Pb ages have been obtained from the Riète orthogneisses at 470 ± 6 and 472 ± 2 Ma in the Aston and Hospitalet domes (Ariège, Pyrenees), respectively. New mapping data show that the protolith of these orthogneisses corresponds to Ordovician granitic laccoliths. Combined study of thin-sections and magnetic susceptibility on these rocks show that the laccoliths correspond to a suite consisting of granodiorites to leucogranites. U-Pb ages of the Aston and Hospitalet orthogneisses, very similar to the ages recently obtained from the Canigou (473 ± 4 Ma) and the Montagne Noire (southern French Massif Central) 469 ± 4 Ma orthogneisses, point to a major Early to Middle Ordovician event of granitic laccolith emplacement in the southwestern part of France, and more generally in western Europe. We underline that these laccoliths influenced the mechanical and thermal behaviour of the Variscan crust of the Pyrenees. Indeed, they have induced a rheological heterogeneity in the Variscan middle crust, which is at the origin of a structural contrast between the middle and upper crust. Moreover, these laccoliths played the role of screens, which have controlled transfer of magmas from the lower to the upper crust.
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Horsman, Eric, Sven Morgan, Michel de Saint-Blanquat, Guillaume Habert, Andrew Nugent, Robert A. Hunter, and Basil Tikoff. "Emplacement and assembly of shallow intrusions from multiple magma pulses, Henry Mountains, Utah." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 100, no. 1-2 (March 2009): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691009016089.

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ABSTRACTThis paper describes three mid-Tertiary intrusions from the Henry Mountains (Utah, USA) that were assembled from amalgamation of multiple horizontal sheet-like magma pulses in the absence of regional deformation. The three-dimensional intrusion geometries are exceptionally well preserved and include: (1) a highly lobate sill; (2) a laccolith; and (3) a bysmalith (a cylindrical, fault-bounded, piston-like laccolith). Individual intrusive sheets are recognised on the margins of the bodies by stacked lobate contacts, and within the intrusions by both intercalated sedimentary wallrock and formation of solid-state fabrics. Finally, conduits feeding these intrusions were mostly sub-horizontal and pipe-like, as determined by both direct observation and modelling of geophysical data.%The intrusion geometries, in aggregate, are interpreted to reflect the time evolution of an idealised upper crustal pluton. These intrusions initiate as sills, evolve into laccoliths, and eventually become piston-like bysmaliths. The emplacement of multiple magma sheets was rapid and pulsed; the largest intrusion was assembled in less than 100 years. The magmatic fabrics are interpreted as recording the internal flow of the sheets preserved by fast cooling rates in the upper crust. Because there are multiple magma sheets, fabrics may vary vertically as different sheets are traversed. These bodies provide unambiguous evidence that some intrusions are emplaced in multiple pulses, and that igneous assembly can be highly heterogeneous in both space and time. The features diagnostic of pulsed assembly observed in these small intrusions can be easily destroyed in larger plutons, particularly in tectonically active regions.
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Mattsson, Tobias, Steffi Burchardt, Karen Mair, and Joachim Place. "Host-rock deformation during the emplacement of the Mourne Mountains granite pluton: Insights from the regional fracture pattern." Geosphere 16, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 182–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02148.1.

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Abstract The Mourne Mountains magmatic center in Northern Ireland consists of five successively intruded granites emplaced in the upper crust. The Mourne granite pluton has classically been viewed as a type locality of a magma body emplaced by cauldron subsidence. Cauldron subsidence makes space for magma through the emplacement of ring dikes and floor subsidence. However, the Mourne granites were more recently re-interpreted as laccoliths and bysmaliths. Laccolith intrusions form by inflation and dome their host rock. Here we perform a detailed study of the deformation in the host rock to the Mourne granite pluton in order to test its emplacement mechanism. We use the host-rock fracture pattern as a passive marker and microstructures in the contact-metamorphic aureole to constrain large-scale magma emplacement-related deformation. The dip and azimuth of the fractures are very consistent on the roof of the intrusion and can be separated into four steeply inclined sets dominantly striking SE, S, NE, and E, which rules out pluton-wide doming. In contrast, fracture orientations in the northeastern wall to the granites suggest shear parallel to the contact. Additionally, contact-metamorphic segregations along the northeastern contact are brecciated. Based on the host-rock fracture pattern, the contact aureole deformation, and the north-eastward–inclined granite-granite contacts, we propose that mechanisms involving either asymmetric “trap-door” floor subsidence or laccolith and bysmalith intrusion along an inclined or curved floor accommodated the emplacement of the granites and led to deflection of the northeastern wall of the intrusion.
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Roman-Berdiel, Teresa, D. Gapais, and J. P. Brun. "Analogue models of laccolith formation." Journal of Structural Geology 17, no. 9 (September 1995): 1337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(95)00012-3.

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Dixon, John M., and David G. Simpson. "Centrifuge modelling of laccolith intrusion." Journal of Structural Geology 9, no. 1 (January 1987): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(87)90046-0.

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Sant'Ovaia, H., J. L. Bouchez, F. Noronha, D. Leblanc, and J. L. Vigneresse. "Composite-laccolith emplacement of the post-tectonic Vila Pouca de Aguiar granite pluton (northern Portugal): a combined AMS and gravity study." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 91, no. 1-2 (2000): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000732x.

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The Vila Pouca de Aguiar granite pluton, emplaced during the latest event of the Variscan orogeny of northern Portugal, is here subjected to a detailed study that combines magnetic fabric measurements and gravity modelling of its shape at depth. This laccolith, less than 1 km in thickness over ≈60% of its outcrop area, appears to be fed from its northern area, through narrow conduits, up to 5 km deep, belonging to a set of Y-shaped valleys that almost perfectly correspond to the local Régua–Verin fault-system identified in the geological maps. A normal petrographical zonation, already identified geologically, appears to be rather progressive, although a gradient in magnetic suceptibility magnitude in-between the two main magma types is evidenced. It is suggested that the first to be emplaced and the least evolved granite type (Vila Pouca de Aguiar Granite) upwelled from the local, NE-trending fault-zone, acting as a dyke, and formed a thin sill where NE-directed magma flow was dominant, at least close to the floor. The more evolved granite type (Pedras Salgadas Granite), located just above the main feeder zone, and deeply rooted at the intersection beween underlying faults, is at the centre of a remarkably regular concentric distribution of the foliation trajectories. They may reflect the late doming of the laccolith's northern part, coeval with a slight E-W extension of the inflating magma reservoir, as marked by the E-W-trending lineations. Along with ubiquitous magmatic to near-magmatic microstructures and particularly low anisotropy magnitudes, such patterns can be entirely explained by magma movement within its inflating reservoir. This composite laccolith, during emplacement of which no interference with the regional strain pattern can be recorded, is therefore considered as typical of post-tectonic emplacement.
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Piccione, Gavin, E. Troy Rasbury, Brent A. Elliott, J. Richard Kyle, Steven J. Jaret, Alvin S. Acerbo, Antonio Lanzirotti, Paul Northrup, Kathleen Wooton, and Randall R. Parrish. "Vein fluorite U-Pb dating demonstrates post–6.2 Ma rare-earth element mobilization associated with Rio Grande rifting." Geosphere 15, no. 6 (November 8, 2019): 1958–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02139.1.

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Abstract Numerous studies have documented rare-earth element (REE) mobility in hydrothermal and metamorphic fluids, but the processes and timing of REE mobility are rarely well constrained. The Round Top laccolith in the Trans-Pecos magmatic province of west Texas, a REE ore prospect, has crosscutting fractures filled with fluorite and calcite along with a variety of unusual minerals. Most notably among these is an yttrium and heavy rare-earth element (YHREE) carbonate mineral, which is hypothesized to be lokkaite based on elemental analyses. While the Round Top laccolith is dated to 36.2 ± 0.6 Ma based on K/Ar in biotite, U-Pb fluorite and nacrite ages presented here clearly show the mineralization in these veins is younger than 6.2 ± 0.4 Ma (the age of the oldest fluorite). This discrepancy in dates suggests that fluids interacted with the laccolith to mobilize REE more than 30 m.y. after igneous emplacement. The timing of observed REE mobilization overlaps with Rio Grande rift extension, and we suggest that F-bearing fluids associated with extension may be responsible for initial mobilization. A later generation of fluids was able to dissolve fluorite, and we hypothesize this later history involved sulfuric acid. Synchrotron spectroscopy and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb dating of minerals that record these fluids offer tremendous potential for a more fundamental understanding of processes that are important not only for REE but other ore deposits as well.
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Wöhler, Christian, and Raffaello Lena. "Lunar intrusive domes: Morphometric analysis and laccolith modelling." Icarus 204, no. 2 (December 2009): 381–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2009.07.031.

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Rowley, Peter, David Hacker, and Robert Biek. "A site bearing on the origin of iron deposits in the Iron Springs Mining District, Iron County, Utah." Geology of the Intermountain West 9 (February 3, 2022): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31711/giw.v9.pp25-37.

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The discovery of the origin of iron in the Iron Springs mining district of southwestern Utah is a story of unconventional thinking based on detailed geologic mapping. This district, for many years the largest iron producer in the West, owes its resources to emplacement of three Miocene laccoliths of quartz monzonite porphyry. A visit to the geosite, in the outer part of one of them, The Three Peaks laccolith, reveals evidence of magma emplacement and mineralization of the overlying host rock. This outcrop formed by upward and outward bulging during intrusion of a rapidly congealing, crystal-rich magma. The pluton was emplaced remarkably close to the surface, about 1.2 miles (2 km) depth, and the ferromagnesian phenocrysts became unstable and broke down (deuteric alteration), releasing iron molecules into the hydrothermal solutions. As the magma solidified, subvertical extension joints formed. The radial joints in particular, oriented perpendicular to the intrusive contacts, allowed the iron-rich solutions to escape into the concordant upper contact of a pure limestone about 280 feet (85 m) thick. This limestone is the Co-op Creek Limestone Member of the Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic). The joints tapped the solidifying crystal mush adjacent to the joints. The iron in the solutions replaced some or most of the Co-op Creek Limestone Member, creating huge ore bodies of hematite.
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Currier, Ryan M., Patrick Forsythe, Corinne Grossmeier, Michael Laliberte, and Brian Yagle. "Experiments on the evolution of laccolith morphology in plan-view." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 336 (April 2017): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.017.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Laccolith"

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Sun, Yang. "Magma Evolution of the Cerro Bayo Laccolith in the Chachahuén Volcanic Complex, Argentina." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-360467.

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The Chachahuén volcanic complex, with the Cerro Bayo laccolith as one of the largest intrusions, is part of back-arc Payenia volcanic province in western central Argentina. Laccoliths show potential for generating oil in sedimentary basins and producing ore deposits. It is crucial to put more effort into understanding the magma plumbing system beneath the Chachahuén volcanic complex, which the Cerro Bayo laccolith is part of. Thus this project present the first thermobarometric modelling for the Cerro Bayo laccolith and the Chachahuén volcanic complex. Several thermometers and barometers were applied to plagioclase, amphibole and clinopyroxene to understand magma evolution in the underlying plumbing system. The dacitic to rhyodacitic laccolith rocks from Cerro Bayo have porphyric textures with plagioclase in the form of both clots (glomerocrysts) and single crystals, amphibole and clinopyroxene as main phenocrysts, while enclaves are more mafic in composition and have equigranular textures. Plagioclase in the sample varies from andesine to labradorite with a composition of An22-An68, while the clinopyroxene can be classified into diopside to augite with cores (Mg#=76-84) and rims (Mg#62-72). Amphibole, varies from pargasite, ferropargasite to magesiohastingsite and hastingsite, which can be grouped into three groups according to the Mg#: low Mg# amphibole (Mg# = 40-51), medium Mg# amphibole (Mg# = 52-61) and high Mg# amphibole (Mg# = 62-78). Besides, most of the Fe-Ti oxides in the samples are titanomagnetite with Usp mol.% in the range of 0.04-0.54. Results from clinopyroxene-liquid thermobarometers suggest a crystallization depth of 44 to 51 km for clinopyroxene cores and a crystallization depth of 19 to 31 km for rims, of which the derived crystallization temperatures are in the range of 1144 to 1170 °C and 973 to 1002 °C respectively. On the other hand, different thermobarometers of amphibole give consistent results of crystallization temperatures and depths. According to the amphibole-liquid thermometer, low Mg# (Mg#= 40-51) amphiboles have the lowest crystallization temperature in the range of 898 to 931°C, while medium Mg# (Mg#=52-61) amphiboles have higher crystallization temperatures in the range of 951 to 972°C and high Mg# (Mg# = 62-78) amphiboles have highest crystallization temperatures between 991 and 1013°C. The depth translated from pressure derived from amphibole-liquid barometers give a shallower crystallization depth range from 19 to 30 km for low Mg# amphiboles, a deeper crystallization depth in the range of 22 to 39 km for high Mg# amphiboles and deepest crystallization depth range of 27 to 41 km for medium Mg# amphiboles. Moreover, a depth from 2 to 20 km could be gained from the plagioclase-liquid thermobarometry which crystallized at 883 to 910°C. It is worth to point out that crystallization depth of clinopyroxene cores is deeper than the Moho in the Chachahuén area, while crystallization depth and temperatures of clinopyroxene rims are consistent with those of high Mg# amphiboles. Consistent temperatures and depths are also found for crystallization of plagioclase and low Mg# amphiboles which intergrow with each other. Thus, a multi-level magma plumbing system began from below the Moho, with a mushy zone in the upper crust, could be suggested to exist beneath the Cerro Bayo laccolith. Evidence from both petrology and geochemistry also indicate fractional crystallization as well as processes of magma mixing and recharge during magma evolution.
Chachahuén火山综合体，包含其最大的侵入体Cerro Bayo岩盘，是位于阿根廷中西部Payenia弧后火山区的一部分。前人研究多着重于岩石学、地球化学和地层学方面，因而针对下伏岩浆涌升系统的研究在该地区极具前瞻性，需要投入更多工作。本文首次尝试对Chachahuén火山复合体应用温压计进行研究，针对斜长石、角闪石和单斜辉石应用了不同的温度计和压力计，以揭示下伏于Cerro Bayo岩盘的岩浆涌升系统中的岩浆演化。 来自Chachahuén火山复合体Cerro Bayo岩盘的英安质-流纹英安质火成岩具有板状-似斑状结构，其斑晶主要为单晶或聚合物形式存在的斜长石、角闪石及单斜辉石。此外，岩盘中还发现具等粒结构的酸性捕虏体的存在。样品中斜长石（An=22-68）主要成分为中长石至拉长石.单斜辉石主要为透辉石和普通辉石，常发育高镁值核部（Mg#=76-84）和低镁值环带（Mg#62-72）。角闪石主要为韭闪石、铁韭闪石、镁绿钙闪石和绿钙闪石，可根据镁值进一步划分为三个组：低镁值组（Mg# = 40-51），低镁值组（Mg# = 52-61）和高镁值组（Mg# = 62-71）。此外，样品中的钛铁氧化物重要为钛磁铁矿（Usp%=0.04-0.54）。 单斜辉石-熔体温压计的结果表明单斜辉石的核部和环带的结晶温度和深度有所差异：核部具有较高的结晶温度（1144-1170 °C）和较深的结晶深度（44-50km），而环带具有较低的结晶温度（973-1002 °C）和较浅的结晶深度（18-31 km）。与角闪石相关的不同温压计给出了类似的结晶温度和压力，其中存在的微小差异均在误差范围内。因此本文将角闪石-熔体温压计的结果作为最终结果，其显示低镁值角闪石具有较低结晶温度（898-931°C），中镁值角闪石具较高结晶温度（951-972°C），而髙镁值角闪石具最高结晶温度（991-1013°C）。角闪石的结晶深度特征有所不同：低镁值角闪石的结晶深度最浅（19-30km），髙镁值角闪石的结晶深度较深（22-39 km），反而中镁值角闪石结晶深度最深（27-41 km）。斜长石-熔体温压计给出的斜长石结晶温度和深度分别为883-910°C及1-20km。 值得一提的是单斜辉石核部的结晶深度位于研究区莫霍面之下。同时，单斜辉石的环带与髙镁值角闪石具有相似的结晶温度和深度，而斜长石及共生的低镁值角闪石具有相似的结晶温度。因此可以推测，Cerro Bayo岩盘之下，发育一个自莫霍面之下开始的多层岩浆上涌系统。而岩石学和地球化学的证据还表明在岩浆发育过程中岩浆分化结晶和岩浆重注和混合作用并存。
En lakkolit är en grund magmaficka och en vanligt förekommande del av en vulkan, vilken kan bilda en länk mellan djupa magmatiska aktiviteter och vulkanutbrott. Forskning om kompositionen och bildandet av grunda magmafickor kan hjälpa till att öka förståelsen om geologiska faror och naturresurser. Vid Cerro Bayo exponeras en grund magmakammare vilken utgör en del av Chachahuén vulkankomplexet i Argentina. Det här projektet fokuserar på det magmatiska lagringssystemet och magmautvecklingen vid Cerro Bayo. Magmasammansättningen och magmakammarens förhållanden såsom tryck, temperatur och vattenhalt samt vattensystemets struktur är viktiga faktorer som styr magmatiska processer. För att förstå magmautvecklingen under Cerro Bayo inleddes projektet med en kompositionsanalys av bergprover och mineral. Därefter genomfördes termobarometrisk modellering för att bestämma temperatur- och tryckförhållandena för kristalliseringen av mineraler i det magmatiska systemet. Resultaten av modelleringen tyder på att ett magmatiskt rörsystem av flera nivåer existerar under Cerro Bayo lakkoliten. Det djupaste magmamagasinet ligger på 44-50 km och når upp till 22-41 km i nedre jordskorpan, medan de grunda reservoarerna av magma ligger på ett djup av 2-20 km i övre jordskorpan som slutligen når den grunda magmafickan. Vidare indikerar analysen av mineralstruktur och mineralkemi processer av fraktionerad kristallisering samt påfyllning och blandning av magma under magmautvecklingen. Magman genomgick fraktionerad kristallisering under rörelser uppåt från de djupaste magmakammarna. Magmans temperatur varierar från högre än 1100 ° C till ~ 900 ° C. Ansamlingar av magma fortsatte att fylla på magmamagasin i nedre och övre jordskorpan. Blandning av magma inträffade när en ansamling varmare magma rörde sig från nedre till övre jordskorpreservoarer och påverkade såväl migrering av magma som placeringen av Cerro Bayo lakkoliten
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Nushart, Nathan. "Modeling Intrusive Geometries of a Shallow Crustal Intrusion: New Evidence From Mount Ellsworth, Utah." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5753.

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Surface displacements resulting from upper-crustal intrusion of melt are a paramount concern for communities and facilities located in or near active volcanic areas (e.g. Campi Flegrei, Yucca Mtn.). Study of active intrusions such as Campi Flegrei, Italy west of Mt. Vesuvius, is limited to remote observations through geophysical/geodetic procedures. While the surface displacement due to melt emplacement at depth can easily be determined, the geometries and depth of intrusions are often based on simplified assumptions (e.g. spheres and prolate or oblate ellipsoids). These models benefit from data constraining both the geometries of the individual intrusions, and the kinematics and mechanics of deformation within the superstructure overlying the intrusions. Mount Ellsworth, a partially exposed sub-volcanic system, is an ideal natural laboratory for the study of near surface intrusions. The intrusions of the Henry Mountains are ideal because they were emplaced into relatively flat-lying stratigraphy of the Colorado Plateau, at a time when the stress field was largely isotropic. Previous geologic work done in the Henry Mountains, conducted by C.B. Hunt (1953) and Marie Jackson and Dave Pollard (1988), presents competing emplacement models (i.e. large batch intrusion or incremental sill growth), as well as, differing geologic map data and interpretations. Through a combination of 1:5000 scale field mapping and profile-oriented gravity study, we have produced detailed geologic maps and cross sections of Mt. Ellsworth assess the previous work done on Mt. Ellsworth with new datasets, as well as, evaluate criteria refining various emplacement models. Mapping results demonstrate that several of the assumptions made in models theorized by Hunt (1953) and Jackson and Pollard (1988), were inappropriately applied on Mt. Ellsworth. These assumptions include the thickness and separation of stratigraphic units, the size and distribution of sills and smaller intrusions, structural attitudes of beds and sills, and the presence of exposure of the main body of the intrusion. Gravity data collected on similar intrusions presented in Corry (1988) demonstrates the difficulty of obtaining a gravity anomaly on the wavelength of the assumed size of the intrusion. Forward gravity modeling of various potential geometries beneath Mount Ellsworth suggests that the anomalies are similar in shape with a magnitude between 16 and 20 mGal. Results from the gravity profiles collected for this study fail to predict an anomaly on the wavelength of the Mount Ellsworth intrusion and record a much more complicated anomaly than is presented by the forward models. By combining the stratigraphic data, structural data, and cross sections, it can be determined that the Mount Ellsworth intrusion is a laccolith with a floor 1.5 kilometers beneath the topographic surface, is 1 kilometer thick at its maximum, and has dimensions of 4 kilometers wide by 6 kilometers long.
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Faizy, Shelly Mardhia. "Assessing a Modeling Standard in Volcanic-Geothermal Systems: the Effects of the Lower System Boundary." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-438664.

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Geothermal energy consumption is projected to increase along with other renewable energy in the future. Therefore, it is important to have a better understanding on the evolution of geothermal systems to optimize the exploitation of such resources. Generally, numerical models are used as a fundamental tool to study a potential geothermal field. However, current modeling practices tend to focus on the shallow area around the heat source, while ignoring the deeper part below the heat source. The purpose of this project is to observe the influence of lower boundary at the bottom of intrusion towards the evolution of geothermal system, while changing the permeability and topography of host rock systematically, using a software from USGS called HYDROTHERM. Simulations differed in three main aspects: 1) having a layer below, or having the bottom boundary directly below intrusion, 2) different topographies with volcanic significance, and 3) varying permeabilities of the host rock. The study is based on a fossil geothermal system, the Cerro Bayo laccolith in Chachahuén volcanic complex (Neuquén Basin), Argentina. The input parameters were obtained in several ways. ILMAT Geothermometry analysis provide the temperature value related to the intrusion. The whole rock data is used to determined density of the intrusion by calculating partial molar volume of the oxides. The other parameters, e.g. densities of the host rock and the impermeable layer, permeability, porosity, and thermal conductivity were obtained from literature. The result from numerical modeling shows that the bottom boundary below intrusion strongly affect the entire system evolution. The added layer (with constant permeability) has strong influence on the life-span of the system. Additionally, while taking into account on the variation of topography and permeabilities, the models show two temperature anomalies: 1) A caldera volcano’s geometry “traps” heat below the caldera, whereas shield and strato-volcano geometries “push” heat away from below the volcanic edifice, and 2) a low temperature anomaly develops beneath the intrusion in all high permeability models with an added layer. Finally, this assessment could prove to be useful as prior knowledge for optimizing the extraction of heat from a given geothermal field, as well as future investigations towards geological applicability of numerical models of geothermal systems, hydrothermal alteration, and ore formation processes.
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Ponthus, Léandre. "Origine, évolution et mise en place d'un pluton alcalin récent en contexte intraplaque océanique : exemple du complexe sud de Rallier du Baty, Kerguelen (T.A.A.F.)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30052/document.

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L'étude de ce complexe plutonique alcalin fut multidisciplinaire mêlant, observations et mesures sur le terrain, ASM, pétrographie, minéralogie, géochimie (majeur et traces), géochimie isotopique Rb/Sr et Sm/Nd et géochronologie U-Pb sur zircons. La synthèse des résultats démontre la participation minoritaire de plusieurs sources (manteau métasomatisé et fragments continental) en plus de la source prédominante qui est le manteau typique du panache de Kerguelen. Dans un environnement magmatique ouvert, les magmas contaminés ont formé la plus ancienne série magmatique calcique du complexe. La seconde et plus jeune série magmatique a produit (dans un environnement clos) des roches de plus en plus agpaïtique au cours de la différenciation. La mise en place progressive mais diachrone des intrusions s'est faite entre 11,7 (au sud) et 7,9 Ma (au nord). Enfin, le mode de construction de ce pluton en fait un exemple unique connu de laccolithe en contexte intraplaque océanique
The study of this alkaline plutonic complex was multidisciplinary, mixing field observations and measurements, AMS, petrography, mineralogy, geochemistry (major and traces), isotopic geochemistry Rb / Sr and Sm / Nd and geochronology U-Pb on zircons. The synthesis of the results shows the minor participation of several sources (metasomatised mantle and continental fragments) in addition to the predominant source which is the typical asthenospheric mantle of the Kerguelen plume. In a dynamic and open magmatic system, the contaminated magmas formed the oldest magmatic and calcic series of the complex. The second and younger magmatic series produced (in a closed environment) more and more agpaitic rocks during differentiation. The incremental emplacement of the intrusions occurred between 11.7 (in the south) and 7.9 Ma (in the north). Finally, the type of construction of this pluton makes it a unique known example of laccolith in oceanic within-plate settings
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Mock, Alexander. "Quantitative petrographic investigations of porphyritic rhyolitic laccoliths of the Halle Volcanic Complex, Germany." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola&quot, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:105-26297.

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Felsic phenocrysts of the laccoliths have straight size distributions (characteristic lengths 3.4 to 36 mm) and R-values from 1.34 to 0.78 (randomly distributed, no touching frameworks). Laccoliths have crystallinities from 10 to 30%. Textural coarsening possibly played a role in crystallization history. Serial sectioning reveals true shapes, sizes and three dimensional size distributions, non-touching frameworks, aspect ratios from 1.7:1.5:1 to 8.7:1.9:1 and a minimum sampling size of ~200 crystals. Different textural varieties develop late in system evolution and differed in density (~1%), viscosity and, thus, level of emplacement. Phenocryst populations formed on a timescale between 10 days and 2000 years, growth during emplacement is negligible. Models for filling and cooling of laccoliths suggest timescales from few 100 to ~20000 years. Contacts of laccoliths appear brecciated and sometimes show intercalation of magma and host sediment under ductile deformation. Dimensions of laccoliths plot in the field for such intrusions on a logarithmic width vs. thickness plot. Laccoliths intruded as distinct magma batches. More laccoliths than recognised before can be distinguished. Comparing felsic laccolith complexes in Late Palaeozoic transtensional basins, gives rise to new types of laccolith complexes termed Donnersberg and Halle type.
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Mock, Alexander. "Quantitative petrographic investigations of porphyritic rhyolitic laccoliths of the Halle Volcanic Complex, Germany." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972002898.

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Thorey, Clément. "Dynamique des intrusions magmatiques peu profondes : théorie et application à la détection d’intrusions planétaires." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01278432.

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Le magmatisme intrusif est une source masquée, mais potentiellement importante du magmatisme planétaire. En effet, les magmas, formés au sein du manteau, n'atteignent que rarement la surface. La grande majorité se met en place et refroidit au sein de la croûte sous forme d'intrusions magmatiques. Le volume ainsi que la morphologie de ces intrusions peuvent être contraints par l'observation des surfaces planétaires. Cependant, en l'absence d'un modèle capable de décrire la mise en place de telles intrusions, il est difficile de se faire une idée des propriétés physiques de l'écoulement et des magmas eux même. Dans cette thèse, nous commençons par nous intéresser à la relation qui existe entre la morphologie finale des intrusions de tailles intermédiaires (sills et laccolites) et l'écoulement lui-même. Nous proposons ainsi un modèle dynamique de la mise en place de l'intrusion qui prend en compte une rhéologie réaliste pour le magma, l'énergie libérée par sa cristallisation ainsi que le chauffage de l'encaissant. Les conditions varient de la Terre à la Lune ; nous examinons ainsi la capacité du modèle à reproduire la morphologie de ces intrusions dans ces deux différents contextes planétaires. Sur la Lune, la mise en place d'intrusions magmatiques au sein de la croûte a aussi été proposée pour expliquer les déformations subites par certains cratères après leurs formations. Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous proposons un modèle d'étalement d'intrusion magmatique sous une dépression caractéris- tique de l'impact. Nous montrons que les différentes déformations observées au sein de ces cratères sont bien en accord avec la mise en place d'importants volumes de magma sous leur sol. De plus, en utilisant la résolution sans précédente du champ de gravité lunaire obtenue par la mission GRAIL, nous montrons que la plupart de ces cratères montrent bien des anomalies de gravité; anomalies impliquant notamment une importante porosité dans la croûte lunaire. Les implications en terme d'évolution lunaire sont finalement évoquées
Intrusive magmatism plays a fundamental role in the accretionary processes of terrestrial crust. Indeed, when magma is forced to the surface, only a small amount of it actually reaches that level. Most of the magma is intruded into the crust where it solidifies into a wide range of features, from the small scale sills and laccoliths to large scale batholiths (several hundred kilo-meters in size). The topographic deformation that could be caused by shallow intrusions can be constrained by observations of planetary surfaces ; that is volume, shape and other dimensions of intrusions can be quantified. However, such observations must be linked to dynamic models of magma emplacement at depth in order to provide insights into magma physical properties, injection rate, emplacement depth and the intrusion process itself. In this thesis, we first investigate the relation between the morphology of shallow intermediate-scale magmatic intrusions (sills and laccoliths) and their cooling. We propose a model for the spreading of an elastic-plated gravity current with a temperature-dependent viscosity that accounts for a realistic magma rheology, melt crystallization and heating of the surrounding medium. The mechanisms that drive the cooling of the intrusions vary from Earth to the Moon and the ability of the model to reproduce the final morphologies (aspect ratio) of terrestrial laccoliths and low-slope lunar domes is examined. On the Moon, the emplacement of magmatic intrusions into the crust has also been proposed as a possible mechanism for the formation of floor- fractured craters. We propose a model for an elastic-plated gravity current spreading beneath an elastic overburden of variable thickness. We find that several characteristics of floor-fractured craters are indeed consistent with the emplacement of large volumes of magma beneath their floor. In addition, using the unprecedented resolution of the NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission, in combination with topographic data obtained from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument, we show that lunar floor-fractured craters present gravitational anomalies consistent with magmatic intrusions intruding a crust characterized by a 12% porosity. The implications in terms of lunar evolution are examined
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Roman, Berdiel Maria-Teresa. "Mécanismes d'intrusion des granites supracrustaux : Modèles analogiques et exemples naturels." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675435.

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Ce travail est une contribution à l'étude de l'intrusion des granites supracrustaux dans les domaines orogéniques. Les objectifs sont de déterminer comment ces intrusions se mettent en place, et comment se crée l'espace nécessaire pour l'accommodation du magma dans l'encaissant. Notre étude a consisté en deux travaux complémentaires : (1) Une revue bibliographique des exemples naturels fournis par les granites hercyniens de l'arc ibéro-armoricain (chaîne varisque), ainsi qu'une étude structurale d'un massif sur le terrain, et (2) une étude expérimentale des conditions de formation des laccolites et de la géométrie des intrusions mises en place en contexte de tectonique active. L'exemple des granites syntectoniques de l'arc ibéro-armoricain souligne que beaucoup de ces massifs ont généralement des géométries de type laccolite. Ils se son~ mis en place par expansion latérale, soit dans une couverture sédimentaire ductile au-dessus d'un socle plus résistant, soit le long de zones de cisaillement ductile majeures. L'étude expérimentale concerne les mécanismes de mise en place des granites dans une croûte supérieure. Les résultats permettent d'expliquer beaucoup des caractéristiques des granites syntectoniques, en montrant en ~articulier que: (1) La formation d'un laccolite nécessite l'existence d'une couche de faible résistance entre deux unités résistantes, (2) l'épaisseur critique de la couche de faible résistance nécessaire à la formation d'un laccolite diminue avec l'augmentation de la profondeur, (3) la géométrie des intrusions reflète le contexte tectonique régional régnant lors de leur mise en place. La mise en place de granites le long de zones de décrochement d'échelle crustale ne nécessite pas la création de vides ou l'existence de zones d'extension locale. Dans nos modèles, les intrusions en régime décrochant se mettent en place dans la direction d'élongation maximale de l'ellipsoïde de déformation, les structures fragiles ne contrôlant que d'unl3 manière secondaire la géométrie des intrusions. Les intrusions en régime extensif montrent une forme asymétrique avec un front à fort pendage et une langue basale cisaillée à l'arrière.
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Ahmed, Daoud Mohamed. "DYNAMIQUE DU RIFTING CONTINENTAL DE 30 Ma A L'ACTUEL DANS LA PARTIE SUD EST DU TRIANGLE AFAR. TECTONIQUE ET MAGMATISME DU RIFT DE TADJOURA ET DES DOMAINES DANAKIL ET D'ALI SABIEH, REPUBLIQUE DE DJIBOUTI." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00312800.

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Les résultats acquis au cours de ce travail à propos (i) des basaltes récents du Golfe de Tadjoura et (ii) les séries synrift initiales des domaines Ali Sabieh et Danakil apportent de nouvelles contraintes sur, repectivement, la cinématique récente du Rift Tadjoura et celle, plus ancienne, des zones marginales de la dépression Afar. Mais, ils apportent aussi des éléments permettant de discuter, à une échelle plus vaste, certains aspects de la dynamique du rift Afar, sensu lato.
- L'étude structurale des basaltes récents (2.8-1.1 Ma) des marges du Golfe de Tadjoura nous conduit à interpréter la structure générale du rift Tadjoura en termes d'hémi-graben, à vergence sud, développé au-dessus de traps antérieurs, et accommodant une extension estimée à 25-30%. L'âge décroissant des structures vers la partie axiale, immergée, du dispositif reflète la concentration progressive des déformations au cours du temps. L'analyse géométrique et statistique des populations de failles exposées le long des deux flancs de l'hémi-graben met en évidence, au niveau du système extensif méridional, un gradient croissant de déformation vers l'W, en direction de la zone transverse d'Arta. Ce dispositif est attribué au blocage frontal de la propagation des structures axiales du Golfe contre une discontinuité mécanique pré-existante. Dans le modèle cinématique proposé, le transfert de l'extension depuis le rift Tadjoura vers la zone du Ghoubbet s'effectue, non pas par l'intermédiaire de structures en échelon, mais par un saut de rift (en sénestre) de part et d'autre de cette discontinuité sub-méridienne à polarité ‘Mer Rouge'.
- L'étude structurale et géochimique/géochronologique des séries volcaniques d'Ali Sabieh et de leur substratum mésozoïque démontre les faits suivants :
. Les ensembles volcaniques initiaux se mettent en place entre 26-19 Ma (complexe intrusif-effusif d'Ali Sabieh), cad. environ 6 Ma après les traps éthiopiens et yemenites qui n'ont donc pas d'équivalents dans ce secteur intermédiaire.
. La partie intrusive du complexe magmatique est interprétée en termes de laccolithe dont la mise en place provoque la structuration antiformale de la couverture mésozoïque, puis son démantelement partiel, sous forme d'enclaves, lors d'un processus de ‘block stoping'.
. L'antiforme d'Ali Sabieh implique jusqu'aux séries acides Mablas (15-11 Ma) et il est scéllé, sur ses flancs, par les basaltes Somali (7.2-3.0 Ma) et du Dalha (8.6-3.8 Ma).
- Un tout autre mécanisme est proposé pour l'édification des reliefs Danakil qui résultent de mouvements verticaux beaucoup plus jeunes, postérieurs (ou synchrones) des Basaltes Stratoïdes, et d'origine probablement tectonique, en liaison avec le rifting Tadjoura et/ou Asal.
- Ces résultats ont aussi des implications sur la dynamique de l'ensemble du dispositif Afar, et de nouvelles hypothèses sont proposées au sujet (i) du sens de propagation des axes de rift récents-actifs recoupant la dépression Afar et de leur appartenance aux systèmes Golfe d'Aden ou Mer Rouge, (ii) de la distribution spatiale du magmatisme initial (à 30 Ma), de type trap, au niveau de deux sous-provinces, séparées par un domaine amagmatique, et (iii) de l'évolution du domaine Danakil et de la nature de sa limite orientale avec la Mer Rouge, considérée comme une discontinuité héritée de premier ordre, de part et d'autre de laquelle les mécanismes de l'extension sont dominés par des processus, soit magmatiques (W), soit tectoniques (E).
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Gébelin, Aude. "Déformation et mise en place des granites (360-300Ma) dans un segment de la Chaîne Varisque (Plateau de Millevaches, Massif Central)." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008553.

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Le Limousin (NW du Massif Central) est caractérisé par de larges massifs granitiques mis en place entre 360 et 290 Ma. Ils présentent d'étroites relations spatiales avec de grands accidents ductiles en faille normale et décrochement qui prolongent vers le SE la zone de cisaillement Sud Armoricaine.
Le volumineux (~ 10000km3) complexe granitique N-S de Millevaches, limité par des décrochements et failles normales, est un exemple type de granite mis en place dans un contexte tectonique décrochant.
Le modèle de mise en place des granites de Millevaches prend en compte l'analyse structurale, microstructurale, magnétique (A.S.M.), gravimétrique et géochronologique (40Ar/39Ar et U/Pb). L'ascension des magmas se fait par des conduits verticaux étroits sous forme d'injections successives qui se relaient le long de l'axe principal N-S des Pradines. Les magmas sont ensuite piégés puis canalisés par la foliation précoce, anisotropie mécanique sub-horizontale majeure de la croûte moyenne. Les magmas syntectoniques du décrochement dextre N-S des Pradines enregistrent des trajectoires de déformation orientées N-S dans la faille et NW-SE de part et d'autre. La poussée du magma au toit du laccolite induit une déformation par aplatissement relaxée par le développement de failles d'échappement sub-horizontales et normales. La mise en place syntectonique des leucogranites du Millevaches, datée à 313 ± 4 Ma est contemporaine du métamorphisme granulitique subi par les roches encaissantes.
Le fonctionnement des décrochements du Limousin débute vers 350 Ma et finit vers 300 Ma. Nous proposons que les deux générations de granites (granodiorite-monzogranite et leucogranite) se mettent en place dès 350 Ma, dans une ceinture tectonique résultant d'un contexte en transpression. Les cisaillements ductiles constituent les branches d'un large, long (~700 km), et unique système décrochant lithosphérique analogue à une « pop-up structure » NW-SE dextre allant du Massif Sud Armoricain au Limousin.
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Books on the topic "Laccolith"

1

Corry, Charles E. Laccoliths: Mechanics of emplacement and growth. Boulder, Colo: Geological Society of America, 1988.

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Laccolith complexes of southeastern Utah: Time of emplacement and tectonic setting : workshop proceedings. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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Laccolith Complexes of Southeastern Utah: Time of Emplacement and Tectonic Setting : Workshop Proceedings (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 2158). U S Geological Survey, 1997.

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(Editor), Jules D. Friedman, and A. C. Huffman (Editor), eds. Laccolith Complexes of Southeastern Utah: Time of Emplacement and Tectonic Setting : Workshop Proceedings (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 2158). United States Geological, 1997.

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Laccoliths; Mechanics of emplacement and growth. Geological Society of America, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/spe220.

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Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems: Dykes, Sills and Laccoliths. Springer, 2018.

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Breitkreuz, Christoph, and Sergio Rocchi. Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems: Dykes, Sills and Laccoliths. Springer, 2019.

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1966-2007, Thomson Kenneth, Petford N, and Geological Society of London, eds. Structure and emplacement of high-level magmatic systems. London: Geological Society, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Laccolith"

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Gudmundsson, Agust, Federico A. Pasquarè, and Alessandro Tibaldi. "Dykes, Sills, Laccoliths, and in Iceland." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 363–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11157_2014_1.

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Gudmundsson, Agust, Federico A. Pasquarè, and Alessandro Tibaldi. "Dykes, Sills, Laccoliths, and in Iceland." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 363–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14084-1_1.

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Hyndman, Donald W., David Alt, and Kathy Tureck-Schwartz. "Shonkin Sag and Square Butte laccoliths, Montana." In Montana High-Potassimn Igneous Province: Crazy Mountains to Jordan, Montana, 37–49. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ft346p0037.

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Horsman, Eric, Robert J. Broda, Nathan Z. Gwyn, Elizabeth A. Maurer, Erik D. Thornton, and Mitchell T. Ward. "Progressive Construction of Laccolithic Intrusive Centers: , Utah, U.S.A." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 327–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11157_2016_18.

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Horsman, Eric, Robert J. Broda, Nathan Z. Gwyn, Elizabeth A. Maurer, Erik D. Thornton, and Mitchell T. Ward. "Progressive Construction of Laccolithic Intrusive Centers: , Utah, U.S.A." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 327–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14084-1_18.

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Stevenson, C. T. E., and C. Grove. "Laccolithic Emplacement of the , Scotland, Based on Magnetic Fabric Data." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 377–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11157_2014_3.

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Stevenson, C. T. E., and C. Grove. "Laccolithic Emplacement of the , Scotland, Based on Magnetic Fabric Data." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 377–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14084-1_3.

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"Laccolith." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1086. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_100662.

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"laccolith." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 773. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_120021.

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"Laccolith m." In Wörterbuch GeoTechnik/Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering, 679. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33335-4_120019.

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Conference papers on the topic "Laccolith"

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Sounik, Jacob, Shannon K. Hunter, Tathagata Dasgupta, and David B. Hacker. "ALMANDINE GARNET BEARING RHYOLITES FROM WOODVILLE HILL LACCOLITH, SD: EVIDENCES OF RAPID MAGMA INJECTION AND MIXING IN A LACCOLITH." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-280900.

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Maitoza, Cooper, Chris Carey, Gregory Guzzle, and Jason Kaiser. "A PETROLOGIC ANALYSIS OF THE HENRY MOUNTAINS LACCOLITH." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-369994.

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Mattsson, Tobias, Steffi Burchardt, Bjarne S. G. Almqvist, Olivier Galland, Erika Ronchin, and Octavio J. Palma. "MAGMA DEFORMATION DURING LACCOLITH EMPLACEMENT: EXAMPLES FROM ICELAND AND ARGENTINA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-323736.

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Branda, Alex, Lief Swanbom, and Bradford R. Burton. "STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND EMPLACEMENT HISTORY OF THE CARBON PEAK LACCOLITH, GUNNISON COUNTY, COLORADO." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-283853.

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Richards, Rebecca, Timothy Williams, David B. Hacker, and Scott Giorgis. "ANISOTROPY OF MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY ANALYSIS SAMPLES FROM THE PINE VALLEY MOUNTAIN LACCOLITH, SOUTHWESTERN UTAH." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-319130.

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Ruggles, Claire, Sven Morgan, and Jacqueline E. Reber. "AN EMPLACMENT MODEL FOR LOW-VOLUME INTRUSIONS BASED ON THE SHONKIN SAG LACCOLITH, MONTANA." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-371077.

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Fenlon, Colleen M., and Kaustubh Patwardhan. "CRYSTAL SIZE DISTRIBUTION (CSD) ANALYSIS OF THE DEVIL'S THRONE INTRUSION, CERRILLOS HILLS LACCOLITH, NEW MEXICO." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-309977.

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Williams, Timothy, Rebecca Richards, David B. Hacker, and Scott Giorgis. "PALEOMAGNETIC CONSTRAINTS ON THE RATE OF EMPLACEMENT OF THE PINE VALLEY MOUNTAINS LACCOLITH, SOUTHWESTERN UTAH." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-319134.

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Enriquez, Olivia R., and Kevin M. Urbanczyk. "A STUDY OF LUECOBANDS IN THE WAX FACTORY LACCOLITH, BIG BEND RANCH STATE PARK, TX." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-305410.

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Rost, Rebecca, Scott Giorgis, and Eric Horsman. "CONSTRAINTS ON MINIMUM RATES OF IGNEOUS EMPLACEMENT FROM PALEOMAGNETIC DATA, TRACHYTE MESA LACCOLITH, HENRY MOUNTAINS, UT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-283423.

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Reports on the topic "Laccolith"

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Laccolith complexes of southeastern Utah; time of emplacement and tectonic setting; workshop proceedings. US Geological Survey, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b2158.

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