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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lactams'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Betou, Marie. "Semipinacol rearrangement of cis-fused β-lactam diols into bicyclic lactams". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4348/.

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The 6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system is found in a wide variety of biologically active natural and non-natural products. The aim of this project is to prepare the 7,8-diketo-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane structure via a semipinacol rearrangement of ring-fused β -lactams. Chapter 1 introduces the pinacol and semipinacol rearrangement, including the use of cyclic sulfites and phosphoranes, and ring expansion of β -lactams. Previous work in the Grainger group for the synthesis of lactams via tandem radical cyclisation-dithiocarbamate group transfer is also discussed. Chapter 2 describes the meth

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2

Warren, H. A. "New routes to sugar lactams, lactim ethers and cyclic amidines." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639351.

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Chapter 1 introduces the biological importance of glycosidase inhibitors. The biosynthesis of N-linked glycoproteins is briefly described and the mode of action of glycosidase enzymes is discussed. Some naturally occurring amino-sugar glycosidase inhibitors are detailed. In addition certain sugar lactones, lactams and cyclic amidines which have also been shown to inhibit glycosidase enzymes are reviewed. Chapter 2 introduces the syntheses of various polyhydroxylated piperidine and pyrrolidine alkaloids and sugar lactams. In addition the formation of cyclic sugar amidines and their derivatives

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3

Guignard, Guillaume Michel Pablo. "Open-chain building blocks from chiral lactams. Enantioselective synthesis of macrocyclic nitrogen-containing natural products." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396650.

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1. (R)-Phenylglycinol-derived oxazolopiperidone lactams can be converted to enantiopure open-chain amino ester scaffolds by alkaline hydrolysis of the N-Boc 2-piperidones resulting from the reductive cleavage of the oxazolidine ring. 2. Lithium amidotrihydroborate (LiNH2BH3) reduction of diversely substituted (R)-phenylglycinol-derived oxazolopiperidone lactams brought about the reductive opening of both the oxazolidine and lactam rings, providing general access to structurally diverse enantiopure amino diols A bearing a variety of substitution patterns, substituents (alkyl, benzyl, aryl, p

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4

Sheppard, L. N. "Synthesis of B-lactams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354855.

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5

McKenna, Jeffrey M. "Asymmetric synthesis of #beta#-lactams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240681.

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6

Goh, Kee Chuan. "The biosynthesis of β-lactams". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:24b6b29d-87cc-48f2-bd1b-bb64c663604f.

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This thesis reports the work done on two research projects which were carried out independently of each other but converge on the central theme of β-lactam biosynthesis. Chapter 1 provides an overview of biosynthesis in secondary metabolism, with special emphasis on current knowledge about the β-lactams. The first project, covered from Chapters 2 to 5, was part of our group's continuing effort to understand the structure and mechanism of Ring Expandase-Hydroxylase (REXH), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cephalosporin C in Cephalosporium acremonium. REXH is a bifunctional enzyme, conv

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7

Welchman, Elizabeth Victoria. "The chemistry of Î² lactams." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247775.

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8

Walker, Matthew David. "Diastereoselective reactions of atropisomeric lactams." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247569.

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9

Pearson, C. J. "Synthesis of aza-beta-lactams." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37815.

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10

Joshi, S. N. "Diastereoselective synthesis of β-lactams". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2000. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2271.

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11

Jayaraman, M. "Asymmetric synthesis of β-lactams". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 1994. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2803.

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12

Srirajan, V. "Diastereoselective synthesis of β - lactams". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 1996. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/3378.

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13

Thiagarajan, K. "Studies in β-lactams synthesis". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2002. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2853.

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14

Pérez, Bosch Maria. "Addicions conjugades a lactames bicícliques derivades del fenilglicinol: síntesi enantioselectiva de piperidines 3,4- i 3,4,5-substituïdes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673099.

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La adición conjugada de cianocupratos de orden inferior a las lactamas insaturadas derivadas del fenilglilcinol transcurre con buenos rendimientos y elevada selectividad facial. En aquellas que poseen un sustituyente etilo en posición contigua al carbono electrófilo del doble enlace proporciona estereoselectivamente productos con una relación cis entre el sustituyente carbonado introducido y el grupo etilo. Estos resultados pueden justificarse considerando que la conformación del anillo de piperidina se halla condicionada por la configuración de un estereocentro, independientemente de la prese

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15

Wallace, P. M. "Approaches to synthesis of beta-lactams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355808.

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16

Jones, Mark. "The enzyme catalysed formation of lactams." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293346.

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17

Nadin, Alan. "Medium ring lactams as peptidic constraints." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272640.

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18

Shah, Ajit Jesang. "The analysis of #beta#-lactams and their biosynthetic intermediates in fermentations of #beta#-lactam producing fungi." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358855.

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19

Derrer, Sam. "Medium ring lactams as peptide conformational constraints." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251637.

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20

Virden, Jane. "Chemical and enzymatic synthesis of #beta#-lactams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253475.

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21

Dixon, Rachel Anne. "Asymmetric reduction of meso-imides and lactams." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399101.

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22

Khaled, Arwa M. "Heterometallic complexes with lactams and related ligands." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46864.

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23

Kenwright, Jayne Louise. "Synthesis of medium ring amines and lactams." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608700.

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24

Philippe, Jules. "Pneumococcus morphogenesis and resistance to beta-lactams." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV018/document.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae, le pneumocoque, est une bactérie pathogène qui entraîne le décès de plus d'un million et demi de personnes dans le monde chaque année. Les β-lactamines sont très utilisées pour traiter les infections à pneumocoques. Ces antibiotiques inhibent la synthèse du peptidoglycane, une molécule géante constituant un réseau de chaînes glycopeptidiques qui englobe la cellule, lui confère sa forme et lui permet de maintenir son intégrité face à la pression osmotique. Le mécanisme d'action des β-lactamines est bien connud'un point de vue biochimique. En revanche, la réponse physio

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25

Micheli, Bernard Jean Marie. "NMR studies of dimeric and polymeric lactams." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185270.

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The aim of this work was to study the solution conformation of dimeric and polymeric 1actams. In a first part of this work, the synthesis of bicyc1odi1actams as precursors of the polymers was explored. A new preparation for the 2, 5-diazabicyc1o [2,2,2] octa-3, 6-dione was developed. The dimers and polymers were obtained from the N-protected cis- and trans- 3-amino-6-carboxy-2-piperidone for which an improved synthesis was found. Base treatment of the trans activated ester led to the polymer. Using the methods of solution phase peptide synthesis, the four possible dimers were prepared. After t

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26

Dixit, A. N. "A) Nitroenamines, nitroacetamides and nitrothioacetamides: synthesis, conformation and reactivity B) ring opening reaction of lactams and lactam ethers." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 1995. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2829.

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27

Westwood, Nicholas James. "Synthetic and mechanistic studies on the inhibition of elastases." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306872.

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28

Shakya, Sagar Raj. "Studies on alpha,alpha-disubstituted bicyclic beta-lactams." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7571.

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General Organization. This thesis contains a brief introduction to the area of $\beta$-lactam antibiotics and four other Chapters dealing with the syntheses of various 6-methoxy $\beta$-lactams. Due to the tremendous level of activity in this area the introductory literature material is presented in an illustrative approach rather than a comprehensive approach. Literature surveys were carried out using Chemical Abstracts from 1982 to February 1992. Experimental details are given at the end of each Chapter. Compounds in the schemes which did not lead to desired conclusion were not completely ch

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29

Kang, T. W. "Novel synthesis of #beta#-lactams via radical pathways." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379970.

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30

Goswami, Rajesh. "Bicyclic lactams for the synthesis of functionalised heterocycles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365826.

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31

Gardiner, James. "Conformationally restricted amino acid analogues based on lactams." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemistry, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8773.

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This thesis describes the synthesis of enamino esters 3(S)-(E)-benzoylamino-3-benzyl- 5-ethoxycarbonylmethylidene-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one 77, and 3(S)-(E)-benzoylamino-3-benzy 1-5-ethoxycarbonylmethylidene-1-2, 4-dimethoxybenzy lamino-pyrrolidin-2-one 79. These were designed as a new class of conformationally restricted amino acid analogue. Chapter one gives a general introduction to the importance of peptides in nature and the pivotal role peptides play in drug discovery and design. A number of examples are examined to provide an insight into key elements required in peptidomimetic design.

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32

Pink, Jennifer Helen. "Synthesis of fused lactams via N-acyliminium ions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242373.

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33

Ajavakom, Anawat. "Novel radical based routes to pyrrolidine trans lactams." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288468.

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34

Fontana, Francesco. "Stereoselective synthesis of β-lactams and carpanone derivatives". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066441.

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SECTION A Nous décrivons la synthèse de nouveaux dérivés 4-spiro--lactamiques, au moyen de réactions de Staudinger entre des cétènes dérivant des -aminoacides cycliques énantiopurs (dérivés protégés de l’acide 1,3-thiazolidine-2-carboxylique et de la 4-hydroxy-L-proline) et des imines riches en électrons. Nous avons ensuite évalué la réactivité des composés obtenus conduisant à des produits -lactamiques mono- ou polycycliques totalement nouveaux et intéressants. SECTION B La carpanone est un lignane possédant cinq centres stéréogènes contigus qui a été isolée sous forme racémique de l'arbre

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35

Fontana, F. "Stereoselective synthesis of beta-lactams and Carpanone derivatives." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/61024.

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36

Kale, A. S. "Studies in synthesis and transformations of β-lactams". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2007. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2613.

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37

Tiwari, D. K. "Diastereoselective synthesis of β - Lactams and their applications". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2011. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/3802.

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38

Naz, Summia. "A calorimetric study of β-sultams and β-lactams". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2009. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/6975/.

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The hydrolytic degradation of a series of β-sultams and β-lactams was investigated using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC), to determine kinetic and enthalpic data. The importance of these studies was to model the process of hydrolysis as this was a simplification of the mechanism by which β-lactams and β-sultams function as serine protease inhibitors. Calorimetric studies were conducted using a Thermal Activity Monitor (TAM 2277). Three categories of experiments were conducted: in the solid state, varying relative humidity (R/H) and in aqueous solution. Hydrolytic rate constants and enthalpie

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39

Baugh, Simon Peter. "Alkene metathesis in the synthesis of novel #beta#-lactams." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300539.

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40

Bahajaj, Abood Ahmed. "Asymmetric synthesis of spiro lactams via n-acyliminium ions." Thesis, University of York, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241062.

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41

Brown, Giles A. "The azomethine ylide approach to novel bicyclic #beta#-lactams." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302062.

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42

Jackson, Lynn. "Inhibition of elastase and trypsin by novel β-lactams". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15094.

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Elastase is a serine protease that has been implicated in a number of inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis and cystic fibrosis. These conditions are thought to result from an increased amount of active elastase in the body, caused by insufficient inhibition by endogenous inhibitors. Elastase has the ability to degrade many tissue components and this excessive tissue damage causes the onset of a variety of conditions. This knowledge has led to an increased interest in the production of elastase inhibitors with the hope of developing an inhibitor, which can be of therapeutic us

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43

Ghirardi, Elena. "Enantio- and Diastereoselective Cyclocondensation Reactions. Stereocontrolled Access to Azabicycles and Application to Natural Product Synthesis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398789.

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The first objective of this Thesis was the study of the preparation of octhydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]pyridines and octahydro-1H-indoles, through the synthesis of (R)-phenylglycinol derived tricyclic lactams. Following the previous reported methodology a carbon substituent would be present at the carbocyclic ring and we planned to find the conditions for controlling its absolute configuration. Unfortunately, the reaction of ketoester 4 and ketoacid 7, provided undesired enamines 8 and 9. On the other hand, the reaction of ketoacid derivatives 16 and 17 with (R)-phenylglycinol led to a mixture of epi

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44

Karstens, Willem Frederik Johan. "Palladium-catalyzed cyclization reactions of allene- and acetylene-substituted lactams." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/83628.

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45

Houson, I. N. "Ring expansions in the synthesis of di- and tri-lactams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390511.

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46

Rahman, Adrian. "The synthesis of new tricyclic beta lactams based upon quinoline." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366356.

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47

Thomas, Russell John. "The synthesis of novel #beta#-lactams with potential antifungal activity." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277147.

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48

Skytte, Dorthe. "Antimalarial norneolignans, synthesis and SAR & synthesis of beta-lactams /." Cph. : Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 2005. http://www.dfuni.dk/index.php/Dorthe_Mondrup_Skytte/2238/0/.

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49

Cirillo, Martina <1994&gt. "β-lactams from their structural features to their biological applications". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10378/1/%CE%B2-lactams%20from%20their%20structural%20features%20to%20their%20biological%20applications.pdf.

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β-lactam compounds represent an important class of four-membered cyclic amides (azetidin-2-ones) thanks to their valuable and varied biological activities. The presence of a β-lactam ring in a series of bioactive molecules targeting different proteins, allows us to consider the azetidin-2-one a privileged structure. The constrained four-membered cyclic amide could easily undergo ring-opening reactions by nucleophilic residues in the active sites of enzymes and this is the mechanism suggested for antibacterial activity; moreover, the rigid core structure could favour and actually enhance direct

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50

Shinkre, B. A. "Stereoselective synthesis of α-hydroxy acid derivatives and β lactams". Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2004. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2901.

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