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Journal articles on the topic 'Lactate output'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Nielsen, H. B., M. A. Febbraio, P. Ott, P. Krustrup, and N. H. Secher. "Hepatic lactate uptake versus leg lactate output during exercise in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 103, no. 4 (2007): 1227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00027.2007.

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The exponential rise in blood lactate with exercise intensity may be influenced by hepatic lactate uptake. We compared muscle-derived lactate to the hepatic elimination during 2 h prolonged cycling (62 ± 4% of maximal O2 uptake, V̇o2max) followed by incremental exercise in seven healthy men. Hepatic blood flow was assessed by indocyanine green dye elimination and leg blood flow by thermodilution. During prolonged exercise, the hepatic glucose output was lower than the leg glucose uptake (3.8 ± 0.5 vs. 6.5 ± 0.6 mmol/min; mean ± SE) and at an arterial lactate of 2.0 ± 0.2 mM, the leg lactate ou

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Morris, David Michael, and Rebecca Susan Shafer. "Comparison of Power Outputs During Time Trialing and Power Outputs Eliciting Metabolic Variables in Cycle Ergometry." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 20, no. 2 (2010): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.20.2.115.

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The authors sought to compare power output at blood lactate threshold, maximal lactate steady state, and pH threshold with the average power output during a simulated 20-km time trial assessed during cycle ergometry. Participants (N = 13) were trained male and female cyclists and triathletes, all permanent residents at moderate altitude (1,525–2,225 m). Testing was performed at 1,525 or 1,860 m altitude. Power outputs were determined during a simulated 20-km time trial (PTT), at blood pH threshold (PpHT), at maximal lactate steady state (PMLSS), and at blood lactate threshold determined by 2 m

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3

Mo, F. M., and H. J. Ballard. "Intracellular lactate controls adenosine output from dog gracilis muscle during moderate systemic hypoxia." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 272, no. 1 (1997): H318—H324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1997.272.1.h318.

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The influence of systemic hypoxia on lactate and adenosine output from isolated constant-flow-perfused gracilis muscle was determined in anesthetized dogs. The lactate transport inhibitor alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) was employed to distinguish the direct effects of hypoxia on adenosine output from the effects produced indirectly by a change in lactate concentration. Reduction of arterial PO2 from 135 +/- 4 to 39 +/- 2 mmHg raised arterial lactate from 1.26 +/- 0.32 to 2.22 +/- 0.45 mM but decreased venoarterial lactate difference from 0.53 +/- 0.09 to -0.13 +/- 0.19 mM, indicatin

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4

Burton, Michael T., and Joseph M. Santin. "A direct excitatory action of lactate ions in the central respiratory network of bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 24 (2020): jeb235705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.235705.

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ABSTRACTChemoreceptors that detect O2 and CO2/pH regulate ventilation. However, recent work shows that lactate ions activate arterial chemoreceptors independent of pH to stimulate breathing. Although lactate rises in the central nervous system (CNS) during metabolic challenges, the ability of lactate ions to enhance ventilation by directly targeting the central respiratory network remains unclear. To address this possibility, we isolated the amphibian brainstem–spinal cord and found that small increases in CNS lactate stimulate motor output that causes breathing. In addition, lactate potentiat

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5

Wasserman, D. H., J. L. Johnson, J. L. Bupp, D. B. Lacy, and D. P. Bracy. "Regulation of gluconeogenesis during rest and exercise in the depancreatized dog." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 265, no. 1 (1993): E51—E60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1993.265.1.e51.

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To assess the mechanism of the accelerated gluconeogenesis in the insulin-deficient state, chronically catheterized (carotid artery, portal vein, hepatic vein, vena cava) normal (C; n = 9) and depancreatized (PX; n = 7) dogs were studied during rest (40 min) and moderate exercise (150 min). Tracers ([14C]alanine, [3H]glucose) and dye were infused to measure determinants of gluconeogenesis in the gut and liver. Arterial levels, net gut output, hepatic load, and net hepatic uptake of alanine were similar in C and PX at rest. During exercise, alanine levels fell in C but rose approximately 100% i

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6

Weber, J. M., W. S. Parkhouse, G. P. Dobson, J. C. Harman, D. H. Snow, and P. W. Hochachka. "Lactate kinetics in exercising Thoroughbred horses: regulation of turnover rate in plasma." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 253, no. 6 (1987): R896—R903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.253.6.r896.

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Plasma lactate turnover rate of Thoroughbred racehorses was measured by bolus injection of [U-14C]lactate at rest and two levels of submaximal treadmill exercise (3-4 m/s trot, 6% incline, and 6.5 m/s horizontal canter). Our goals were 1) to determine the relative effects of changes in cardiac output and in plasma lactate concentration on turnover rate [using cardiac output data from Weber et al. (28)] and 2) to assess the importance of lactate as a metabolic fuel in a trained animal athlete. Lactate turnover rates were 9.3 mumol.min-1.kg-1 (rest), 75.9 mumol.min-1.kg-1 at the beginning of the

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7

Yang, Woo-Hwi, Hyuntae Park, Marijke Grau, and Oliver Heine. "Decreased Blood Glucose and Lactate: Is a Useful Indicator of Recovery Ability in Athletes?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (2020): 5470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155470.

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During low-intensity exercise stages of the lactate threshold test, blood lactate concentrations gradually diminish due to the predominant utilization of total fat oxidation. However, it is unclear why blood glucose is also reduced in well-trained athletes who also exhibit decreased lactate concentrations. This review focuses on decreased glucose and lactate concentrations at low-exercise intensity performed in well-trained athletes. During low-intensity exercise, the accrued resting lactate may predominantly be transported via blood from the muscle cell to the liver/kidney. Accordingly, there

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8

Clow, Angela, Vivette Glover, M. W. Weg, et al. "Urinary Catecholamine Metabolite and Tribulin Output During Lactate Infusion." British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no. 1 (1988): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.1.122.

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Urinary output of homovanillic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid was decreased both in patients with panic attacks and in normal controls during lactate infusion, whereas that of tribulin (an endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor and benzodiazepine receptor binding inhibitor) was increased. There was no change in urinary excretion of any of these compounds during saline infusion. These findings provide further evidence of a link between tribulin output and stress and anxiety in man and point to its possible in vivo action as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.

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9

Owen, Valerie M. "Japan — Regulation of output current of L-lactate sensors." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 10, no. 9-10 (1995): v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-5663(95)99234-c.

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10

Perret, Claudio, and Kathrin Hartmann. "Heart Rate-based Lactate Minimum Test in Running and Cycling." International Journal of Sports Medicine 42, no. 09 (2021): 812–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1342-7744.

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AbstractThe heart rate-based lactate minimum test is a highly reproducible exercise test. However, the relation between lactate minimum determined by this test and maximal lactate steady state in running and cycling is still unclear. Twelve endurance-trained men performed this test in running and cycling. Exercise intensity at maximal lactate steady state was determined by performing several constant heart rate endurance tests for both exercise modes. Heart rate, power output, lactate concentration, oxygen uptake and rating of perceived exertion at lactate minimum, maximal lactate steady state

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11

Barstow, T. J., R. Casaburi, and K. Wasserman. "O2 uptake kinetics and the O2 deficit as related to exercise intensity and blood lactate." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 2 (1993): 755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.2.755.

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The dynamic responses of O2 uptake (VO2) to a range of constant power output levels were related to exercise intensity [as percent maximal VO2 and as below vs. above lactic acid threshold (LAT)] and to the associated end-exercise lactate in three groups of subjects: group I, untrained subjects performing leg cycle ergometer exercise; group II, the same subjects performing arm cycle exercise; and group III, trained cyclists performing leg cycle ergometer exercise. Responses were described by a double-exponential equation, with each component having an independent time delay, which reduced to a

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Garland, Stephen W., and Greg Atkinson. "Effect of Blood Lactate Sample Site and Test Protocol on Training Zone Prescription in Rowing." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 3, no. 3 (2008): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.3.3.347.

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Purpose:To assess the effect of sample site (earlobe vs toe) and incremental exercise protocol (continuous vs discontinuous) on training zone prescription in rowing.Methods:Twenty-six rowers performed two incremental exercise tests on an ergometer: (1) a five-step discontinuous test with 4-min stages and 30-W increment, with blood samples taken from the earlobe and toe at the start of the 1-min break between steps; (2) a continuous test, with 2-min stages and 30-W increment, with blood samples taken from the right first toe at the end of each stage. Blood was analyzed for lactate concentration

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De Lucca, Leonardo, Fernando Roberto de Oliveira, Carl Foster, and Lorival José Carminatti. "Talk test: a simple alternative to identify lactate thresholds during progressive cycling exercise." Kinesiology 53, no. 1 (2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26582/k.53.1.3.

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The assessment of speech production difficulty has been used to control aerobic exercise intensity through the Talk Test method. The aim of this study was to compare the Talk Test variables to lactate thresholds using an incremental test. Thirteen male subjects performed an incremental cycle test to identify the first lactate threshold (LT1), second lactate threshold (LT2) and transition points of the Talk Test. During the incremental exercise test subjects read aloud a standard paragraph at the end of each stage. The last stage at which the subjects could talk comfortably, the first stage at

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14

Gardemann, A., H. Beck, and K. Jungermann. "Differential control of glycogenolysis and flow by arterial and portal acetylcholine in perfused rat liver." Biochemical Journal 271, no. 3 (1990): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2710599.

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The effects of acetylcholine on glucose and lactate balance and on perfusion flow were studied in isolated rat livers perfused simultaneously via the hepatic artery (100 mmHg, 25-35% of flow) and the portal vein (10 mmHg, 75-65% of flow) with a Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer containing 5 mM-glucose, 2 mM-lactate and 0.2 mM-pyruvate. Arterial acetylcholine (10 microM sinusoidal concentration) caused an increase in glucose and lactate output and a slight decrease in arterial and portal flow. These effects were accompanied by an output of noradrenaline and adrenaline into the hepatic vein. Po

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15

Bergman, Bryan C., Eugene E. Wolfel, Gail E. Butterfield, et al. "Active muscle and whole body lactate kinetics after endurance training in men." Journal of Applied Physiology 87, no. 5 (1999): 1684–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.5.1684.

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We evaluated the hypotheses that endurance training decreases arterial lactate concentration ([lactate]a) during continuous exercise by decreasing net lactate release (L˙) and appearance rates (Ra) and increasing metabolic clearance rate (MCR). Measurements were made at two intensities before [45 and 65% peak O2consumption (V˙o 2 peak)] and after training [65% pretrainingV˙o 2 peak, same absolute workload (ABT), and 65% posttrainingV˙o 2 peak, same relative intensity (RLT)]. Nine men (27.4 ± 2.0 yr) trained for 9 wk on a cycle ergometer, 5 times/wk at 75%V˙o 2 peak. Compared with the 65%V˙o 2

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16

Balmer, J., D. A. Coleman, R. C. R. Davison, S. C. Theakston, and S. R. Bird. "BLOOD LACTATE AND CARDIO-RESPIRATORY RESPONSES WHEN CYCLING FOR 70 MIN AT LACTATE MINIMUM POWER OUTPUT." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, Supplement (1998): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199805001-01738.

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17

Knight, D. R., D. C. Poole, M. C. Hogan, D. E. Bebout, and P. D. Wagner. "Effect of inspired O2 concentration on leg lactate release during incremental exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 81, no. 1 (1996): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.1.246.

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The normal rate of blood lactate accumulation during exercise is increased by hypoxia and decreased by hyperoxia. It is not known whether these changes are primarily determined by the lactate release in locomotory muscles or other tissues. Eleven men performed cycle exercise at 20, 35, 50, 92, and 100% of maximal power output while breathing 12, 21, and 100% O2. Leg lactate release was calculated at each stage of exercise as the product of femoral venous blood flow (thermodilution method) and femoral arteriovenous difference in blood lactate concentrations. Regression analysis showed that leg

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18

Marichev, A. O., S. V. Datsenko, O. V. Deinega, et al. "Etiological factors and clinical value of metabolic acidosis after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass." Regional blood circulation and microcirculation 18, no. 3 (2019): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2019-18-3-35-43.

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Aim – determine a forms of metabolic acidosis (MetAc) after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Estimate signiﬁcance of MetAc in an early postoperative period.Material and methods. We included the 129 adult cardiac surgery patients. We studied the indicators of acid-base blood status, markers of systemic inﬂammation, an oxygen delivery and consumption, the hemodynamic parameters, the clinical course of the postoperative period.Results. The acid-base disorders were found in 73.6 % of cases. The metabolic acidosis was in 51.2 % of cases: the lactate acidosis was in 92.4 % and the

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Kusumajaya, Reby, Najib Advani, Piprim B. Yanuarso, and Zulham Effendy. "Biomarkers in low cardiac output syndrome after open cardiac surgery in children." Paediatrica Indonesiana 61, no. 4 (2021): 223–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi61.4.2021.223-8.

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Background Corrective cardiac surgery is the standard management for complex congenital heart disease. Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and post-surgical intensive care may lead to low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS), as a major complication after open heart surgery. To diagnose early LCOS, lactate level, pCO2 gap, and mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) are parameters reported to have correlations with decreased cardiac output, morbidity, and post-cardiac surgery mortality. Objective To determine the usefulness of lactate level, pCO2 gap (arterial-vein), and SvO2 for early detection of L

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20

Burton, Michael T., and Joseph M. Santin. "Lactate stimulates central respiratory motor output in bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus." FASEB Journal 34, S1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.06031.

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Malone, Laurie A., Ildiko Nyikos, and J. P. Barfield. "Anaerobic Power Output and Blood Lactate in Wheelchair Rugby Athletes." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42 (May 2010): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000384813.16853.3b.

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22

Shitanda, Isao, Yukiya Morigayama, Risa Iwashita, et al. "Paper-based lactate biofuel cell array with high power output." Journal of Power Sources 489 (March 2021): 229533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229533.

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23

Vernon, R. G., and E. Taylor. "Insulin, dexamethasone and their interactions in the control of glucose metabolism in adipose tissue from lactating and nonlactating sheep." Biochemical Journal 256, no. 2 (1988): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2560509.

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1. Lactation results in decreased glucose and acetate utilization and increased lactate output by sheep adipose tissue. 2. The ability of insulin to stimulate acetate uptake was lost in adipose tissue from lactating sheep, whereas both the response and the sensitivity (ED50) for insulin for stimulation of glucose conversion into products other than lactate were decreased. These impairments were partly restored by prolonged incubation of adipose tissue for 48 h. 3. The ability of insulin to stimulate lactate output was not altered by lactation. 4. Dexamethasone inhibited glucose uptake, lactate

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Richardson, Malcolm C., Susan Ingamells, Chantal D. Simonis, et al. "Stimulation of Lactate Production in Human Granulosa Cells by Metformin and Potential Involvement of Adenosine 5′ Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 94, no. 2 (2009): 670–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-2025.

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Abstract Context: Production of 3-carbon units (as lactate) by granulosa cells (GCs) is important in follicular and oocyte development and may be modulated by metformin. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the action of metformin on GC lactate production and potential mediation via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Design: GCs were prepared from follicular aspirates. After exposure to metformin and other potential modulators of AMPK in culture, aspects of cellular function were examined. Setting: The study was conducted in a private fertility clinic/university academic center. Pa

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Hochachka, P. W., T. P. Mommsen, J. H. Jones, and C. R. Taylor. "Substrate and O2 fluxes during rest and exercise in a high-altitude-adapted animal, the llama." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 253, no. 2 (1987): R298—R305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.253.2.r298.

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Llamas were trained to exercise on a treadmill at graded speeds. O2 uptake values at rest, at modest exercise (ME, 0.58 m/s), and at heavy exercise (HE, 1.84 m/s) were 0.069, 0.297, and 0.594 ml O2 X kg-1 X s-1. Corresponding values for cardiac output were 1.64, 4.39, and 6.85 ml X kg-1 X s-1. Palmitate, glucose, and lactate replacement rates (Ra values) were determined at these varying work rates using a single-bolus injection of 14C- or 3H-labeled metabolites, two at a time. Ra values for palmitate, glucose, and lactate at rest were 6.2, 61.4, and 36.1 mumol X kg-1 X min-1, respectively. Dur

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Dionne, Jean-François, Claude Lajoie, Philippe Gendron, Eduardo Freiberger, and François Trudeau. "Physiological and Psychological Adaptations of Trained Cyclists to Spring Cycling Camps." Journal of Human Kinetics 64, no. 1 (2018): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0188.

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Abstract The purpose of our study was to assess physiological adaptations and measure mood outcomes following a cycling training camp in competitive athletes. Fourteen competitive athletes (8 males, 6 females) performed 2 incremental tests to exhaustion before and after a training camp. Volume and intensity (load) of the training regimen were recorded. Submaximal and maximal metabolic data were analysed, as well as economy variables (gross mechanical efficiency and cycling economy). Skeletal muscle adaptations were assessed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). For both genders (n = 14), pe

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Shah, Maitreyee, Augustina Addison, Peili Wang, Wanling Zhu, and Owen Chan. "Recurrent glucose deprivation leads to the preferential use of lactate by neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 316, no. 5 (2019): E948—E955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00468.2018.

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Increased GABAergic output in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) contributes to counterregulatory failure in recurrently hypoglycemic (RH) rats, and lactate, an alternate fuel source in the brain, contributes to this phenomenon. The current study assessed whether recurring bouts of glucose deprivation enhanced neuronal lactate uptake and, if so, whether this influenced γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) output and the counterregulatory responses. Glucose deprivation was induced using 5-thioglucose (5TG). Control rats received an infusion of artificial extracellular fluid. These groups were compared w

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Rider, M. H., and L. Hue. "Regulation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration in white adipose tissue." Biochemical Journal 225, no. 2 (1985): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2250421.

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Injection of insulin to fed rats diminished the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in white adipose tissue. Incubation of epididymal fat-pads or adipocytes with insulin stimulated lactate release and sugar detritiation and also decreased fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration. Such a decrease was, however, not observed in fat-pads from starved or alloxan-diabetic rats. Incubation of adipocytes from fed rats with various concentrations of glucose or fructose led to a dose-dependent rise in fructose 2,6-bisphosphate which correlated with lactate output and detritiation of 3-3H-labelled

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Spangenburg, Espen E., Christopher W. Ward, and Jay H. Williams. "Effects of lactate on force production by mouse EDL muscle: implications for the development of fatigue." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 76, no. 6 (1998): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y98-061.

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Numerous studies suggest that the accumulation of lactate during exercise contributes to the fatigue process. This notion is based on close negative correlations between force and intracellular muscle lactate concentrations during fatigue and recovery. In this investigation, we attempted to determine if lactate directly affects muscle force output. This was accomplished by incubating mouse extensor digitorum longus muscles in extracellular concentrations of 10, 20, 30 and 50 mM L-(+)-lactate at 21 and 37°C and monitoring force output. At 21°C, 30 and 50 mM, extracellular lactate significantly

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Ferreira, Guilherme Assuncao, Raul Osiecki, Adriano Eduardo Lima-Silva, Michel Cardoso de Angelis-Pereira, and Fernando Roberto De-Oliveira. "Effect of a Reduced-CHO Diet on the Rate of Perceived Exertion Curve During an Incremental Test." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 24, no. 5 (2014): 532–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0248.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a reduced-carbohydrate (reduced-CHO) diet on the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) curve during an incremental test. Nine physically active men performed a progressive incremental test on a cycle ergometer (25 W·2 min−1) after 72 hr on either a control diet (60% CHO) or a reduced-CHO diet (30% CHO). Lactate and RPE thresholds were identified using the Dmax method (DmaxLa and DmaxRPE, respectively). Power output, heart rate and RPE scores in DmaxLa and DmaxRPE were similar between the diets and were not different from each other, regardle

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Gladden, L. B., R. E. Crawford, and M. J. Webster. "Effect of lactate concentration and metabolic rate on net lactate uptake by canine skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 266, no. 4 (1994): R1095—R1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.266.4.r1095.

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This study addressed two questions: 1) Does net lactate uptake (L) by muscle approach a saturation limit with increasing blood lactate concentration ([La])? 2) Is the muscle net L response to increasing blood [La] affected by metabolic rate (VO2)? The gastrocnemius plantaris muscle group (GP) was isolated in situ in 20 anesthetized dogs. In three series of experiments, a lactate-lactic acid solution was infused into the arterial inflow of the GP to produce five different plasma [La] values: approximately 3, 9, 16, 22, and 30 mM, each of them maintained for 30 min. In one series, the GP remaine

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Davis, M. A., P. E. Williams, and A. D. Cherrington. "Effect of glucagon on hepatic lactate metabolism in the conscious dog." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 248, no. 4 (1985): E463—E470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1985.248.4.e463.

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The present experiments were undertaken to assess hepatic lactate metabolism in the overnight-fasted, conscious dog after a physiological elevation in glucagon. Animals were given somatostatin plus intraportal insulin (243 microU . kg-1 . min-1) and glucagon (0.65 ng . kg-1 . min-1) to initially fix the pancreatic hormone levels at basal values. After a 40-min control period the glucagon level was increased to 527 +/- 27 pg/ml, while the insulin level was left unchanged (10 microU/ml). Fifteen minutes later blood lactate had increased by 215 +/- 24 mumol/l because of a marked increase in lacta

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Baldari, Carlo, Luigi Di Luigi, Sergio G. Da Silva, et al. "Relationship Between Optimal Lactate Removal Power Output and Olympic Triathlon Performance." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21, no. 4 (2007): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/r-21336.1.

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BALDARI, CARLO, LUIGI DI LUIGI, SERGIO G. DA SILVA, et al. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OPTIMAL LACTATE REMOVAL POWER OUTPUT AND OLYMPIC TRIATHLON PERFORMANCE." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21, no. 4 (2007): 1160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200711000-00030.

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Wasserman, D. H., D. B. Lacy, D. R. Green, P. E. Williams, and A. D. Cherrington. "Dynamics of hepatic lactate and glucose balances during prolonged exercise and recovery in the dog." Journal of Applied Physiology 63, no. 6 (1987): 2411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.6.2411.

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The present experiments were undertaken to assess dynamics of hepatic lactate and glucose balance in the over-night-fasted dog during 150 min of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise and 90 min of exercise recovery. Catheters were implanted chronically in an artery and portal and hepatic veins 16 days before experimentation. 3–3H-glucose was infused to determine hepatic glucose uptake, as well as tracer-determined glucose production by isotope dilution (Ra). At rest, net hepatic lactate output was 0.33 +/- 0.15 mg.kg-1.min-1 and increased to 2.26 +/- 0.82 mg.kg-1.min-1 after 10 min of exercise

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Johnson, Matthew L., Chi-An W. Emhoff, Michael A. Horning, and George A. Brooks. "Transpulmonary lactate shuttle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 302, no. 1 (2012): R143—R149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00402.2011.

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The shuttling of intermediary metabolites such as lactate through the vasculature contributes to the dynamic energy and biosynthetic needs of tissues. Tracer kinetic studies offer a powerful tool to measure the metabolism of substrates like lactate that are simultaneously taken up from and released into the circulation by organs, but in each circulatory passage, the entire cardiac output traverses the pulmonary parenchyma. To determine whether transpulmonary lactate shuttling affects whole-body lactate kinetics in vivo, we examined the effects of a lactate load (via lactate clamp, LC) and epin

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Gorrasi, José, Anestis Eleftheriadis, Jukka Takala, et al. "Different Contribution of Splanchnic Organs to Hyperlactatemia in Fecal Peritonitis and Cardiac Tamponade." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/251084.

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Background. Changes in hepatosplanchnic lactate exchange are likely to contribute to hyperlactatemia in sepsis. We hypothesized that septic and cardiogenic shock have different effects on hepatosplanchnic lactate exchange and its contribution to hyperlactatemia.Materials and Methods. 24 anesthetized pigs were randomized to fecal peritonitis (P), cardiac tamponade (CT), and to controls ( per group). Oxygen transport and lactate exchange were calculated during 24 hours.Results. While hepatic lactate influx increased in P and in CT, hepatic lactate uptake remained unchanged in P and decreased in

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Delehanty, J. M., N. Imai, and C. S. Liang. "Effects of dichloroacetate on hemodynamic responses to dynamic exercise in dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 72, no. 2 (1992): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.2.515.

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To determine whether lactic acid production contributes significantly to the cardiac responses to muscular dynamic exercise, we administered intravenous sodium dichloroacetate (32 mumol.kg-1.min-1), a pyruvate dehydrogenase activator that facilitates lactate metabolism via the tricarboxylic cycle, in 12 dogs during two graded levels of treadmill exercise. Similar exercise was carried out in nine normal dogs receiving equimolar doses of NaCl. In the latter group, arterial lactate increased progressively from 0.80 +/- 0.11 (SE) mmol/l at rest to 2.13 +/- 0.28 mmol/l by the end of exercise. In co

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Moss, M., S. Kurzner, Y. Razlog, and G. Lister. "Hypoxanthine and lactate concentrations in lambs during hypoxic and stagnant hypoxia." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 255, no. 1 (1988): H53—H59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.255.1.h53.

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To determine the suitability of plasma hypoxanthine as a marker of tissue hypoxia, we studied the relationship of arterial plasma hypoxanthine and blood lactate concentrations to the cumulative O2 deficit during hypoxemia and low cardiac output (hypoxic and stagnant hypoxia, respectively). Eight intact, chronically catheterized lambs were studied using ketamine sedation. Comparable reductions in O2 transport and consumption were produced with each form of hypoxia. Lactate was linearly related to O2 deficit during both forms of hypoxia, although the slope of the regression was greater for low c

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BENTLEY, DAVID J., LARS R. MCNAUGHTON, DYLAN THOMPSON, VERONICA E. VLECK, and ALAN M. BATTERHAM. "Peak power output, the lactate threshold, and time trial performance in cyclists." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 33, no. 12 (2001): 2077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200112000-00016.

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Stainsby, W. N., and P. D. Eitzman. "Roles of CO2, O2, and acid in arteriovenous [H+] difference during muscle contractions." Journal of Applied Physiology 65, no. 4 (1988): 1803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.65.4.1803.

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To determine the origins of the arteriovenous [H+] difference of muscle during contractions, arterial and muscle venous blood sample pairs were taken before and after 0.5, 5.0, and 30.0 min of 4/s isometric twitches of the gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle group of anesthetized dogs. These samples were analyzed for PO2, PCO2, and pH, the concentrations of O2, CO2, K+, Na+, La-, and Cl- in whole blood, and La-, K+, Na+, and Cl- in plasma. Whole blood was hemolyzed and analyzed for PO2, PCO2, and pH. Net O2 uptake, CO2 output, L, K+, Na+, and Cl- were calculated in addition to net output of non-CO2

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42

Pagliassotti, M. J., and P. A. Prach. "Increased net hepatic glucose output from gluconeogenic precursors after high-sucrose diet feeding in male rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 272, no. 2 (1997): R526—R531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.2.r526.

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A high-sucrose diet reduces the ability of insulin to suppress hepatic glucose production (hepatic insulin resistance) in rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the contribution of hepatic gluconeogenesis to sucrose-induced hepatic insulin resistance. Single-pass liver perfusions were performed on 24-h food-deprived male Wistar rats after 8 wk on either a high-corn starch (ST; 68% of energy) or high-sucrose (SU; 68% of energy) diet. Hepatic glucose output (HGO, micromol of glucose x min(-1) x g(-1)) in the presence of lactate, alanine, or dihydroxyacetone (DHA) was used as a

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Candotti, Cláudia Tarragô, Jefferson Fagundes Loss, Mônica de Oliveira Melo, et al. "Comparing the lactate and EMG thresholds of recreational cyclists during incremental pedaling exercise." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 86, no. 5 (2008): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y08-020.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of using the electromyography (EMG) signal as a noninvasive method of estimating the lactate threshold (LT) power output in recreational cyclists. Using an electromagnetic bicycle ergometer and constant pedaling cadence of 80 rpm, 24 recreational cyclists performed an incremental exercise protocol that consisted of stepwise increases in power output of 25 W every 3 min until exhaustion. The EMG signal was recorded from the right vastus lateralis (VL) and right rectus femoris (RF) throughout the test. Blood samples were taken from the fing

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Imai, N., J. I. Paley, H. S. Barold, and C. S. Liang. "Effect of methylene blue on cardiac output response to exercise in dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 6 (1986): 2012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.6.2012.

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To determine whether the increase in cardiac output during mild to moderate exercise is related to an increase in the tissue redox potential, we compared the responses of cardiac output, total body oxygen consumption, and arterial blood lactate-to-pyruvate ratio (a measure of NADH/NAD) to treadmill exercise between dogs treated with normal saline and those treated with a hydrogen acceptor, new methylene blue. Normal saline was infused into the left atrium in the first group of dogs at a rate of 0.38 ml/min throughout the treadmill exercise (2.5 mph and 5.0 mph on a 6% incline, each for 20 min)

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Junior, Luis Kanhiti Oharomari, Fabio Carmona, Davi Casale Aragon, and Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri. "Evaluation of urine output, lactate levels and lactate clearance in the transitional period in very low birth weight preterm infants." European Journal of Pediatrics 180, no. 1 (2020): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03717-1.

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Brockman, Ronald P., and B. Laarveld. "Effect of insulin on gluconeogenesis and the metabolism of lactate in sheep." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 64, no. 8 (1986): 1055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y86-181.

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Owing to the fermentative nature of their digestion, ruminant animals are highly dependent upon gluconeogenesis to meet their glucose needs. The role of hormones in regulating this process is not clear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of insulin on the utilization of lactate in glucose synthesis in sheep. The euglycemic model was used in sheep. [U-14C]Lactate and [6-3H]glucose were infused to monitor lactate and glucose fluxes. Hepatic metabolism was measured using radioisotopic and venoarterial concentration difference techniques. Insulin concentrations increased from basa

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Valenzuela, Pedro L., Javier S. Morales, Carl Foster, Alejandro Lucia, and Pedro de la Villa. "Is the Functional Threshold Power a Valid Surrogate of the Lactate Threshold?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 10 (2018): 1293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0008.

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Purpose: To analyze the relationship between functional threshold power (FTP) and the lactate threshold (LT). Methods: A total of 20 male cyclists performed an incremental test in which LT was determined. At least 48 h later, they performed a 20-min time trial, and 95% of the mean power output was defined as FTP. Participants were divided into recreational (peak power output < 4.5 W·kg−1; n = 11) or trained cyclists (peak power output > 4.5 W·kg−1; n = 9) according to their fitness status. Results: The FTP (240 [35] W) was overall not significantly different (effect size = 0.20; limits o

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Rothkopf, Michael, Giovanna Patafio, Lee Manchio, and Ravindra Karanam. "Metabolic Reversal of Low Cardiac Output Syndrome (LCOS) After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab059_026.

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Abstract Objectives Severe nutritional deficiencies may play a causative role in LCOS after CABG. Older cardiac patients have an increased incidence of micronutrient depletions, including thiamine (B1) and zinc (Zn). Both of these deficiencies have been reported to cause reversible cardiomyopathy (CM). We present herein a case of B1 and Zn deficient-LCOS after CABG which resolved with micronutrient repletion (MR). Methods Case Report: A 72-year-old female with a 70–80% midsegment left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesion and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 50% underwent electiv

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FORSTER, M. E. "Myocardial Oxygen Consumption and Lactate Release by the Hypoxic Hagfish Heart." Journal of Experimental Biology 156, no. 1 (1991): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.156.1.583.

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Myocardial oxygen consumption (MOO2)and lactic acid release were measured in the isolated heart of a hagfish (Eptatretus cirrhatus Forster) perfused in vitro. Two different ranges of partial pressures of oxygen were employed (PIOO2 3.87-5.87 and 1.60-2.67 kPa). All hearts released lactate into the perfusate, but the rate of release was greater and MOO2 was depressed at the lower PIOO2. When energy production through the glycolytic pathway to lactate is converted to oxygen equivalents and added to measured oxygen consumption rates, over a wide range of power outputs and different values of POO2

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Wasserman, K. "Coupling of external to cellular respiration during exercise: the wisdom of the body revisited." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 266, no. 4 (1994): E519—E539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1994.266.4.e519.

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The changes in cellular respiration needed to increase energy output during exercise are intimately and predictably linked to external respiration through the circulation. This review addresses the mechanisms by which lactate accumulation might influence O2 uptake (VO2) and CO2 output (VCO2) kinetics. Respiratory homeostasis (a steady state with respect to VO2 and VCO2) is achieved by 3-4 min for work rates not associated with an increase in arterial lactate. When blood lactate increases significantly above rest for constant work rate exercise, VO2 characteristically increases past 3 min (slow

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