Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lactobacilos'
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Chaves, Maria Manoela Barata de Castro [UNESP]. "Estudo da microbiota vaginal de éguas com ênfase na pesquisa de lactobacilos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98256.
Full textUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Na égua o ambiente uterino saudável não apresenta microflora, diferente da vagina onde se sabe existir uma flora vaginal rica em microrganismos não patogênicos. Muitas bactérias da flora vaginal normal podem ser deslocadas para o interior do útero, podendo ser esta a causa principal de endometrites em éguas doadoras de embriões. A presença de Lactobacillus spp é considerada importante na flora vaginal de mulheres e tem sido pouco investigada em éguas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a flora vaginal de éguas, doadoras de embriões, determinar os principais microrganismos presentes, relacionar os achados microbiológicos vaginais e uterinos, assim como determinar a prevalência de Lactobacillus. No experimento 1 foram utilizadas 77 éguas doadoras de embrião, 33 foram coletadas amostras vaginais e uterinas e 77 apenas vaginais. O experimento 2 contou com dois grupos (36 éguas e 10 mulheres) de swabs vaginais sendo um para cultivo e isolamento de Lactobacillus e outro para extração do DNA e PCR. As bactérias predominantes na vagina foram: Streptococcus zooepidemicus (42%), Escherichia coli (25%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (15%) Candida (6%), Enterobacter spp (3%), Bacillus spp (3%), Streptococcus beta hemolítico (3%) e Pseudomonas (3%).. Das 33 amostras coletadas do útero de éguas somente 39% (n=12) não apresentaram crescimento bacteriano ou fúngico. Tendo sido Streptococcus zooepidemicus o mais frequentemente encontrado (26%), seguido de Escherichia coli (15%), Candida spp (9%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (6%) e Enterobacter (3%). Os microrganismos isolados da vagina e que estavam concomitantemente presentes no útero de éguas foram: Streptococcus zooepidemicus (21%), Escherichia coli (12%), Candida spp (9%) e Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (6%). Em 83,3% houve concordância entre as amostras negativas na vagina e no útero (p <0,05). Em 73,7%...
Different from the vagina, were a rich microflora is present, the uterine environment is considered free of microorganisms. One possibility for the installation of endometritis in mares is the ascendent contamination from the vagina.The presence of Lactobacillus on vaginal flora is considered important in woman however there is few information on mares. The present experiment aimed to study the vaginal microflora of embryo donnor mares, to correlate the vaginal and uterine finds and also to determine the prevalence of Lactobacillus on vaginal envirioment. On experiment 1 a total of 77 mares were used and vaginal samples collected from 33 of these mares both vaginal and uterine samples were collected. On experiment 2 vaginal swabs from 36 mares and 10 women were collected for culture and isolation of Lactobacillus, DNA extration and PCR. The predominate bacteria isolated from the vagina were: Streptococcus zooepidemicus (42%), Escherichia coli (25%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (15%) Candida (6%), Enterobacter spp (3%), Bacillus spp (3%), Streptococcus beta hemolítico (3%) e Pseudomonas (3%). From 33 samples collected from the uterus only 39% (n= 12) did not show any microorganism on culture. Streptococcus zooepidemicus was the most frequent isolated microorganism (26%), followed by Escherichia coli (15%), Candida spp (9%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (6%) e Enterobacter (3%). When evaluated the microorganisms isolated from both vaginal and uterine samples Streptococcus zooepidemicus (21%), Escherichia coli (12%), Candida spp (9%) e Streptococcus alfa hemolytic (6%) were the most frequent isolated bacteria. The agreement between swabs taken from both uterus and vagina was 83.3% (p <0,05) for negative cultures and 73,7% for positive cultures (p <0,05). From 35 samples collected on group I Lactobacillus spp was isolated in only two (5,7%) eight (20%) samples showed positive ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Parolo, Clarissa Cavalcanti Fatturi. "Estudo dos lactobacilos no biofilme dental." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/26732.
Full textLactobacilli are a group of bactéria related to dental caries. There is a lack of studies on the population biology of this organisms in dental caries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the environmental changes in the composition, genetic diversity and identify the filogeny of Lactobacillus paracasei isolated from biofilm. Lactobacilli were isolated from a biofilm model, formed in situ prior to and during a 28-day period of exposure to 20% sucrose solution. The lactobacillus colonies were randomly selected from Rogosa Agar medium and subcultured (n=222, 31 prior to and 191 following a sucrose exposure period). The isolates were identified using pheS or rpoA gene sequence analysis. The predominant lactobacilli were L. paracasei, L. fermentum and L. rhamnosus. The difference in composition and genetic diversity of lactobacilli related to environmental changes in biofilm was analysed by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR). After the sucrose phase, a higher number of lactobacilli could be found in dental biofilm (p=0.001). The prevalence of L. fermentum was similar in the non-sucrose (6/11 subjects) compared to the sucrose phase (8/11 subjects) (p=0.721). Prevalence of L. rhamnosus and L. paracasei increased in biofilm from 2/11 to 8/11 subjects (p= 0.028) and from 2/11 to 7/11 subjects (p=0.012) after sucrose exposure, respectively. L. gasseri prevalence was low in both phases (p=1.00). Lactobacilli exhibited greater species diversity (2 or 3 species per subject) in the sucrose phase, than those isolated from the non-sucrose phase (0-2 species per subject) (p=0.045). In most of the cases different genotypes were present in the non-sucrose phase in comparison to the sucrose phase. Those lactobacilli identified as L. paracasei were subjected to multilocus sequencing typing (MLST). In MLST, partial sequences of seven housekeeping genes fusA, ileS, lepA, leuS, pyrG, recA, and recG was obtained. Seven subjects harboured L. paracasei (n=75) and these represented 14 sequence types (ST). Comparison of the STs showed that unrelated subjects may harbour the same ST and that individuals harbour multiple STs. Three subjects harboured STs previously isolated from dairy products. There were mixed results among REP-PCR patterns compared with the MLST in the L. paracasei genotyping. Different numbers of patterns were obtained for L. paracasei according to the molecular technique used (14 MLST versus 25 REP-PCR patterns). For some strains, REP-PCR was more discriminatory than MLST. In other cases, strains belonging to different ST were grouped together by REP-PCR, showing that MLST was more discriminatory than REP-PCR. In few cases MLST and REP-PCR presented the same discriminatory power. REP-PCR showed a greater discriminatory power in comparison to MLST, but little agreement was observed between this two methods. Therefore, MLST could enhance the genetic diversity obtained by REP-PCR. The present data support that after sucrose exposure there is (a) an increase in the number of lactobacilli and colonized surfaces; and (b) increase in lactobacilli species and genetic diversity. Also it was found that (c) some oral lactobacilli may be of exogenous origin; and (d) the combination of MLST and REP-PCR increased the discriminatory power in genotyping L. paracasei.
Brolazo, Eliane Melo. "Prevalencia e caracterização de especies de lactobacilos vaginais em mulheres saudaveis em idade reprodutiva." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310509.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A microflora vaginal de mulheres saudáveis em idade reprodutiva é composta por uma variedade de bactérias aeróbias e anaeróbias, mas as espécies dominantes são os lactobacilos (bacilos de Döderlein), que exercem significante influência sobre a microbiota local. Além de restringir o crescimento de patógenos competindo pelo espaço e nutrientes, os lactobacilos produzem substâncias antimicrobianas como ácidos orgânicos, peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) e bacteriocinas. Esta atividade antagonista é importante na proteção contra várias infecções, principalmente a vaginose bacteriana (VB). Objetivos: Identificar as espécies de lactobacilos isolados do conteúdo vaginal de mulheres saudáveis e assintomáticas e determinar as espécies mais prevalentes e caracterizá-las quanto à produção de ácido láctico, peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) e sua capacidade de adesão às células do epitélio vaginal. Métodos: Foram isoladas 83 linhagens de lactobacilos de amostras de conteúdo vaginal de 135 mulheres, sem queixa de corrimento e com diagnóstico laboratorial negativo para infecções vaginais, acompanhadas no ambulatório de Planejamento Familiar da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - UNICAMP. As linhagens isoladas foram identificadas por PCR multiplex e, quando necessário, submetidas ao sequenciamento do gene RNAr 16S. Foram então avaliadas quanto à produção de ácido láctico, de H2O2, bacteriocinas e a capacidade de adesão às células epiteliais. Resultados: A espécie predominante foi L. crispatus presente em 30,1% das mulheres, seguida de L. jensenii (26,5%), L. gasseri (22,9%) e L. vaginalis (8,4%). As outras espécies isoladas foram L. delbrueckii, L fermentum, L reuteri e L rhamnosus, com duas linhagens cada uma, e L. mucosae e L. salivarius com uma cepa cada. Das 83 linhagens de lactobacilos analisadas, apenas 20 não apresentaram produção de H2O2 detectável pela técnica de cultivo em agar MRS com TMB. Foram selecionadas 37 linhagens para teste de adesão às células epiteliais. Destas, 12 tiveram adesão entre 50% e 69% e 10 igual ou maior a 70%. As linhagens restantes apresentaram pouca capacidade de aderir às células epiteliais. Nenhuma das linhagens testadas produziu bacteriocinas. Conclusões: As espécies de lactobacilos mais prevalentes em mulheres sem vulvovaginites, isoladas em meio de cultura seletivo e identificadas por métodos moleculares, foram L. crispatus, L. jensenii e L. gasseri. Dentre as linhagens analisadas, além de mais frequentes, estas também foram as que atingiram menores valores de pH em meio de cultura e apresentaram melhor produção de H2O2
Abstract: The vaginal microflora of healthy women is composed of a large variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The dominant species is a group of lactobacilli (Doderlein's bacillus), which has a significant effect on vaginal microbiota, curtailing the growth of pathogens competing for space and nutrients. The lactobacilli specie produces various antimicrobial substances that include organic acids, hydrogen peroxide (H202) and bacteriocins. Objectives: Identify the prevalence of the different species of lactobacilli isolated from the vagina of healthy asymptomatic women, determine the most prevalent species and characterize them regarding the production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and their capacity to adhere to vaginal epithelial cells. Methods: Eightythree strains of lactobacilli were isolated from the vagina of 135 women, with no complaints of vaginal discharge and negative laboratory diagnosis for vaginal infection, who were being followed up at the Family Planning clinic of the Medical school, Unicamp. The isolates were identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and, when necessary, 16S rRNA gene sequencing. They were then evaluated with regards to the production of lactic acid, H2O2, bacteriocins, and their capacity to adhere to epithelial cells. Results: The predominant species found were L. crispatus (in 30.1% of the women), followed by L. jensenii (26.5%), L. gasseri (22.9%) and L. vaginalis (8.4%). The other species isolated were L. delbrueckii, L fermentum, L reuteri and L rhamnosus (two strains) and L. mucosae and L. salivarius (one strain). Only 20 out of 83 lactobacilli analyzed using the plate technique (in MRS agar with TMB) were found to be non-producers of H2O2. Thirty-seven lineages were selected and tested for their capacity to adhere to epithelial cells. Of these, 12 had an adhesion between 50% and 69% and 10 equal or superior to 70%. The remainder had little capacity to adhere to epithelial cells. None of the strains tested produced bacteriocins. Conclusions: L. crispatus, L. jensenii and L. gasseri were the most prevalent species isolated in selective culture media and identified through molecular techniques. Besides their frequencies, they also presented best H2O2 production and lowest pH in culture media
Doutorado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Doutor em Tocoginecologia
Mangoni, Josiane. "Potencial probiótico de lactobacilos de origem suína." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2009. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1604.
Full textFundação Araucária
The use of probiotic in animal nutrition has been identified for reducing mortality resulting from intestinal colonization by pathogenic micro-organisms, improving the performance and characteristics of production, leaving no residue in meat. The experiment aimed to isolate, from faeces samples from swine in the suckling strains of lactobacilli in order to be identified as probiotics. 92 colonies were isolated, these pre-selected colonies were subjected to the catalase which 60 negatively. The 60 colonies were subjected to negative Gram stain were evaluated where their morphology. Of these, 16 had forms of bacilli. These isolates were compared for their ability to resist pH 3.0, to grow in the presence of bile salts, phenol, lysozyme, its ability to hydrophobicity and antagonistic. Isolates L03, L04, L08 and L15, identified in this study show better for probiotic use, according to show better performance on the acidic conditions, growing in the presence of bile salts and phenol, with high percentage of hydrophobicity and inhibiting Escherichia coli
O uso de probiótico na alimentação animal tem sido indicado, por reduzir a mortalidade resultante da colonização intestinal por micro-organismos patógenos, melhorar o desempenho e as características de produção sem deixar resíduos na carne. O experimento teve como objetivo isolar, a partir de amostras de fezes de suínos na fase de aleitamento, cepas de lactobacilos visando sua utilização como probióticos. Foram isoladas 92 colônias, essas colônias pré-selecionadas foram submetidas à prova de catalase onde 60 negativamente. As 60 colônias negativas foram submetidas à coloração de Gram onde foram avaliadas sua morfologia. Destas, 16 apresentaram formas de bacilos. Esses isolados foram comparados pela sua habilidade em resistirem em pH 3,0, crescer na presença de sais biliares, fenol, lisozima, sua capacidade de hidrofobicidade e antagônica. Os isolados L03, L04, L08 e L15, identificados neste trabalho apresentam melhores características para uso como probiótico, em função de demonstrar melhor comportamento sobre as condições ácidas, crescendo na presença de sais biliares e fenol, apresentando alta percentagem de hidrofobicidade e inibindo Escherichia coli
Botelho, Lidiane. "Isolamento e identificação de lactobacilos e bifidobacterias em alimentos probioticos disponiveis no mercado brasileiro." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256187.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: No período de março a maio de 2001, várias culturas lácticas foram isoladas de 11 marcas de produtos contendo microrganismos vivos, comercializados na região de Campinas (SP). A amostragem incluiu 3 iogurtes, 5 leites fermentados, 2 bebidas lácteas e 1 mistura simbiótica em pó. As culturas foram identificadas por características fenotípicas e genotípicas. Foram também submetidas a testes para verificação do cumprimento dos pré-requisitos mínimos exigidos para culturas probióticas, que são resistência ao pH, resistência à bile e a produção de bacteriocinas. Os resultados da identificação por características fenotípicas (36 culturas), feita utilizando-se o Kit de identificação API 50CHL (BioMérieux), mostraram as seguintes espécies: 1o) Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei ¿ isolado de 6 produtos, 2o) Streptococcus thermophilus ¿ isolado de 4 produtos, 3o) Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp.cremoris ¿ isolados de 3 produtos, 4o) Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis ¿ isolados de 2 produtos cada, 5o) Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, Leuconostoc lactis e Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. curvatus ¿ isolados de 1 produto cada. Os resultados da identificação por características genotípicas (41 culturas, 36 de produtos e 5 padrão de coleção de culturas), feita utilizando a técnica de ribotipagem automática Riboprinter (Dupont/Qualicon), mostraram os seguintes resultados: duas culturas não se mostraram tipáveis pelo Riboprinter (Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris pelo API 50CHL). Cinco foram tipadas mas não identificadas pelo Riboprinter (Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris e Lactobacillus acidophilus pelo API 50CHL). Três foram identificadas como Lactobacillus apenas até o nível de gênero (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis e Lactobacillus acidophilus pelo API 50CHL). As demais foram identificadas até o nível de espécie, 63% com o mesmo resultado do API 50CHL e 37% com resultados discordantes. A discordância concentrou-se nas culturas identificadas pelo API 50CHL como Leuconostoc mesenteroides (subsp. cremoris e lactis), Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. As culturas com resultados concordantes concentraram-se naquelas identificadas pelo API 50CHL como Lactobacillus rhamnosus e Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei., enquanto os discordantes concentraram-se naquelas identificadas pelo API 50CHL como Leuconostoc, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis. Uma cepa de Bifidobacterium bifidum (KCTC 3440) foi corretamente identificada pelo Riboprinter e 1 cepa de Bifidobacterium subtile (ATCC 27537) foi erroneamente identificada como Enterococcus faecium. Na avaliação da resistência ao pH, 36 culturas foram avaliadas e a maioria apresentou completa perda da viabilidade após 1 a 3 hora em pH 1,0 (25 culturas ou seja 69,4%) ou 2,0 (16 culturas ou seja 44,4%). Em pH 3,0 a taxa de sobrevivência foi maior. Dois critérios foram utilizados para a conclusão. De acordo com o primeiro, são consideradas como potencialmente probióticas as culturas que apresentam 80% de sobrevivência (menos de 0,1 reduções) após 3 horas de permanência em pH 3 ou 1% de bile. De acordo com esse critério, nenhuma das culturas isoladas pode ser considerada probiótica. De acordo com o segundo critério, a resistência em pH 3 por 90 minutos e na presença de 0,1% de bile (24h), sem redução na contagem de viáveis, indica culturas potencialmente probióticas. De acordo com esse critério, duas culturas se mostraram potencialmente probióticas, uma de Lactobacillus rhamnosus e uma de Lactobacillus acidophilus. Na avaliação da resistência à bile, 29 culturas foram avaliadas e dois critérios utilizados para a conclusão. De acordo com o primeiro, culturas que apresentam taxa de 80% de sobrevivência (redução menor do que 0,1 log) na presença de 1,0% w/v de bile e pH 3,0 por 3 horas são resistentes. Segundo esse critério, nenhuma das 29 culturas isoladas de produtos mostrou resistência à bile. De acordo com o segundo, culturas que apresentem crescimento em presença de 1% de Oxgall, igual ou superior a 20% daquele obtido no controle, é considerada resistente (redução menor do que 0,7 log). Segundo esse critério, 24% ou seja, 7 das 29 culturas isoladas de produtos mostraram-se resistentes: uma cepa de L.acidophilus, uma de L.rhamnosus, uma de L.paracasei subsp. paracasei, uma de Streptococcus thermophilus, uma de Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis e duas de Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp cremoris. Na avaliação da produção de bacteriocinas, 32 culturas foram testadas, todas com resultados negativos. Na avaliação do antagonismo contra algumas espécies de bactérias patogênicas Gram negativas e Gram positivas, uma cepa de L.rhamnosus promoveu a inibição de Listeria e outra cepa de L.rhamnosus promoveu a inibição de Listeria e S. aureus. Não se observou inibição das bactérias Gram-negativas (E. coli e Salmonella)
Abstract: In the period between March and May 2001, a series of lactic cultures were isolated from 11 different brand products purchased from regular retail outlets located in Campinas (SP, Brazil). The sample types collected included 3 yogurts, 5 fermented milks, 2 dairy beverages and 1 symbiotic dry mix. The strains were identified by phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, in addition to being submitted to tests to investigate whether they fulfill the minimum prerequisites for microorganisms to be considered probiotic, i.e. resistance to pH, resistance to bile and bacteriocin production. Phenotypic identification (36 strains) using the API 50CHL Identification Kit (BioMérieux) evidenced the presence of the following species: 1o) Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei - isolated from 6 products, 2o) Streptococcus thermophilus - isolated from 4 products, 3o) Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp.cremoris - isolated from 3 products, 4o) Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis - isolated from 2 products each, 5o) Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis, Leuconostoc lactis and Lactobacillus curvatus subsp. curvatus - isolated from 1 product each. Identification on the basis of genotypic characteristics (41 strains, 36 of which isolated from products and 5 standard strains from a culture collection) using an automated ribotyping method RiboPrinter® microbial characterization system, (Dupont/Qualicon) produced the following results: two strains could not be typed by the Riboprinter method (identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris by API 50CHL). Five strains were typed but not identified by the Riboprinter system (identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus acidophilus by API 50CHL). Three strains were identified as Lactobacillus only to the genus level (identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus by API 50CHL). The remaining strains were identified to the species level, 63% with the same results as those obtained with API 50CHL and 37% with discordant results. Most of the discordant results between the two identification methods were generated by the strains identified by API 50CHL as Leuconostoc mesenteroides (subsp. cremoris and lactis), Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. The strains with concordant results were predominantly those identified by API 50CHL as Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, while the strains producing discordant results were mainly those identified by API 50CHL as Leuconostoc, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis. One strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum (KCTC 3440) was correctly identified by the Riboprinter system, whereas 1 strain of Bifidobacterium subtile (ATCC 27537) was incorrectly identified as Enterococcus faecium. Most of the 36 strains evaluated for resistance to pH showed complete loss of viability after 1 to 3 hours at pH 1,0 or 2,0. At pH 3,0 the survival rate was considerably greater. Two criteria were used for drawing conclusions relative to the probiotic potential of the strains. According to the first criterion, strains exhibiting an 80% survival rate (reduction factor smaller than 0.1 log) after exposure for 3 hours to pH 3 or 1% bile. Based on this criterion, none of the strains isolated could be considered probiotic. According to the second criterion, resistance to pH 3 for 90 minutes and in the presence of 0,1% bile (24h), without reduction in viable counts, indicates potentially probiotic strains. Based on this latter criterion, two strains were found to exhibit probiotic potential, one strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and another of Lactobacillus acidophilus. A total of 29 strains were evaluated for bile resistance and the conclusions of the test results produced were based on two different criteria. According to the first, strains presenting an 80% survival rate (reduction factor smaller than 0,1 log) after 3 hours exposure to 1,0% w/v bile and pH 3,0 are considered resistant. Based on this criterion, none of the 29 strains isolated was found to be resistant to bile. According to the second criterion, cultures presenting growth in the presence of 1% Oxgall, equal or greater than 20% of that produced by the control, are considered resistant (reduction factor smaller than 0,7 log). Based on this criterion, 7 (24%) of the 29 strains isolated from products were found to be resistant: one strain of L.acidophilus, one of L.rhamnosus, one of L.paracasei subsp. paracasei, one of Streptococcus thermophilus, one of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and two strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp cremoris. Thirty-two strains were tested for bacteriocin production, all of which gave negative results. The results of the test performed to evaluate antagonism against some species of Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria showed that one strain of L.rhamnosus inhibited Listeria, while another strain of L.rhamnosus inhibited both Listeria and S. aureus. No inhibition of Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli e Salmonella) was found
Doutorado
Tecnologia de Alimentos
Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos
Zamudio, Malpartida Karin Lucía. "Lactobacilos nativos productores de exopolisacáridos de interés biotecnológico." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1277.
Full text-- The purpose of the present study was to obtain some original lactobacillus from Perú which had be producers of exopolysaccharide of biotechnology importance with a potential utility to industry as natural biothikeners, improving the rheological properties of the products. To achive this purpose, 30 samples were taken from fermented foods and native nature source, obtaining 15 isolated producers of exopolysaccharide (EPS). Then, 5 isolated were selected because they produced the higher quantity of EPS. All isolated selected were grown to several condition such as temperature, pH and source of carbone. It was found that in some cases the optimus condition of production was different from growth. The isolated were identified by biochemistry and phenotypic traditional methods. In addition, molecular tools as PCR (polimerase chain reaction) were also used to identify the isolated. It was found that the Q5-3 strain, identifying as Lactobacillus plantarum, produced 1.535 g/L of EPS. This strain had the best production of EPS (with glucose) as pH 5.5 and 30°C. The discovery of the Lactobacillus plantarum producer strain of EPS is an important contribution because it provides an addition value to this well-known microorganism. -- Key words: lactic acid bacteria, lactobacilli, intergenic spacer 16S-23S, exopolysaccharides.
Tesis
Teixeira, Renato da Silva. "Avaliação do efeito de micro-organismos probiótics sobre Haemonchus contortus em ovinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97132/tde-22082013-162216/.
Full textThe infestation by Haemonchus contortus is the main parasitize that affects the ovine farms, causing a significantly economic loss. Its pathogenesis is characterized through an intense anemia, besides hypoproteinemia and blood iron level reduction. Due to the parasite resistance increasing to anti-helmintics usually found in the market, a need of an alternative treatment is evident, as example, the use of probiotics microorganisms. Probiotics are functional food that contains live microorganisms that when ingested in appropriate amount bring benefits to the hosts through different action mechanisms. Thus, this research had as purpose to study the effect of a probiotic preparation formed by a pool of Lactobacillus species (L. casei ATCC 7469, L. plantarum ATCC 8014, L. fermentum ATCC 9338 e L. acidophilus ATCC 4536) on H. contortus in ovines. Therefore, 40 naturally infected animals were distributed in 4 groups and during 90 days they were submitted to different treatments: Group A (control): the animals did not receive any treatment, Group B: The animals received 3 times a week (2º, 4º, 6º) a 10 ml dose of the probiotic preparation, Group C: the animals received on 0 day, a Diantel single dose (1 ml /10 kg of LW) and in group D: the animals received on 0 day, a Diantel single dose (1 ml /10 kg of LW) and after 30 days they started receiving 3 times a week 10 ml of the probiotic preparation, ending at the 60th day. In each fifteen days parasitological exams were realized to check the amount of EPG of feces, complete blood exam, protein and blood iron analysis. The results showed that the animals in group B (probiotic) had \"EPG\" of feces elimination significantly minor (p 0,05) related to the other groups with a efficacy of 66,3% besides, the animals presented better physiological conditions. An increasing of hemoglobin, hematocrit and blood iron level were also observed in this group, which can be explained by the immunemodulator action presented by the Lactobacillus species, which contribute to the nutrients absorption by the host animal. In relation to group C animals (Diantel), is was observed, after 45 days, a significantly increasing (p 0,05) in the EPG counting, resulting in a major parasitary activity, decreasing the hemoglobin and hematocrit values. The usage of anti-helmintic in group D showed a efficacy of 90,3% after 15 days. The probiotic preparation administered to the animals of group D did not contribute to avoid the re-infestation, probably due to the strains sensibility regarding to the active principle (closantel) of Diantel, being necessary another anti-helmintic dose administration after 60 days as indicated by the manufacturer.
Salado, Gersislei Antonia. "Viabilidade de implantação e sobrevivência de lactobacilos no trato intestinal de humanos adultos." Universidade de São Paulo, 1990. http://teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11141/tde-20181127-155840/.
Full textWith the objective of studying the possibility of the implantation and subsequent survival - as well as the action - of lactobacilli in the adult human intestinal tract, two types of treatment were administered during 45 uninterrupted days. The individual were divided into two groups, designated as group A and group B. Group A consumed natural yogurt, while group B consumed natural yogurt plus ordinary milk (called type C, in Brazil). In order to evaluate the effect of the lactobacilli on the intestinal flora and the permanence of such in the digestive tract, microbiological analyses were effected upon the feces of the same individuals. The results obtained permit to conclud that the lactobacilli may remain in the intestine even after interrupting the yogurt intake, though in smaller numbers than previously encontered during the experimental period, and that only with the daily intake of the said product is any permanence made possible, as well as the exercise of any controlling effect upon the intestinal flora.
Roselino, Mariana Nougalli [UNESP]. "Avaliação do simbiótico fermentado com Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 e Lactobacillus helveticus ssp jugurti 416, à base de extratos aquosos de soja e de yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) no controle do desenvolvimento do Diabetes Mellitus." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88579.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O presente trabalho avaliou os efeitos do simbiótico fermentado com Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 e Lactobacillus helveticus ssp jugurti 416, à base de extratos de soja e de yacon produzidos em ratos com Diabetes mellitus, cuja indução foi feita quimicamente pela administração intraperitoneal de estreptozotocina (50mg/kg de peso corporal). Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos experimentais (n=10): I - animais não diabéticos que receberam somente ração (controle negativo); II - animais diabéticos que receberam somente ração (controle positivo); III – animais diabéticos que receberam ração + dose de 1 mL/Kg de peso corpóreo/dia do produto não fermentado a base de soja e yacon; IV – animais diabéticos que receberam ração + dose de 1 mL/Kg de peso corpóreo/dia do produto fermentado a base de soja e yacon. No produto em estudo foram quantificadas a viabilidade dos microrganismos probióticos e a concentração dos frutanos (FOS e inulina). O período experimental foi de 59 dias e os parâmetros avaliados foram: peso corpóreo dos animais, ingestão hídrica e alimentar, Coeficiente de Eficácia Alimentar (CEA), glicemia, enzimas aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT), triglicerídeos, colesterol, HDL, nHDL-C, gorduras epididimal e retoperitonial, músculos sóleo e extensor longo dos dedos, cortes histológicos de fígado, pâncreas e rim e, análise de biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo, TBARS (substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico) e DPPH (2,2 - difenil-1-picril de hidrazila). Não foi observada diferença entre os grupos que receberam os produtos não fermentado e fermentado quando comparado com o grupo de diabéticos que não recebeu tratamento, para consumo de água, ração e peso corporal. O mesmo foi observado para os parâmetros bioquímicos, exceto...
This study evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of synbiotic fermented with Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus helveticus ssp jugurti 416, based on soymilk and yacon produced in rats with Diabetes mellitus, whose induction was done chemically by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight). The rats were divided into four groups (n=10): I – non diabetic animals that received only chow diet (negative control), II – diabetic animals that received only chow diet (positive control), III – diabetic animals that received chow diet + 1mL/kg body weight/day of unfermented product of soybean and yacon, IV – diabetic rats that received chow diet + 1mL/kg body weight/day of fermented product of soybean and yacon extracts. In the product under study were quantification viability of microorganisms of the probiotic and the concentration of fructans (inulin and FOS). The experiment was carried out for 59 days and the parameters were evaluated: body weight of animals, feed and water intake, Food Efficiency Ratio (FER), glucose, enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-C nHDL, epididymal and retoperitonial white adipose tissue, soleus and extensor digitorum longus and tissues liver, kidney and pancreas, and analysis of biomarkers of oxidative stress, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and DPPH (2,2 - diphenyl-1-picryl of hidrazila). No difference was observed between the groups that received unfermented and fermented products when compared to the diabetic group that not received treatment, for drinking water, feed intake and body weight. The same was observed for the biochemical parameters, except for fractions HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. With respect to biomarkers there was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Díaz, Alvarado Tonatzin, and Salgado Ángel Alberto Rubio. "Desarrollo de un Producto de Yogurt Bebible a base de leche de soya con sabor cereza." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/65802.
Full textUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Junior, Fernando Eustáquio de Matos. "Avaliação da viabilidade e funcionalidade de microrganismos probióticos microencapsulados em partículas lipídicas recobertas por interação eletrostática de polímeros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74132/tde-23022018-110245/.
Full textMicroencapsulation has been used successfully to improve the viability of probiotics microorganisms. The aim of this work was to evaluate two strains of lactobacilli, to encapsulate these strains by a system involving lipid particles coated by electrostatic interaction of polymers and to evaluate the effect of encapsulation in the maintenance of immunomodulatory capacity of these strains. In the first stage of the study L. rhamnosus 64 and L. paracasei BGP1 were evaluated for resistance to lysozyme and simulated gastrointestinal fluids, cell wall hydrophobicity profile, susceptibility to antibiotics, antagonist activity against pathogens and prebiotic utilization capacity. In the next step, the strains were encapsulated and the microcapsules evaluated regarding morphology, particle size and distribution, moisture, water activity and pH and temperature. The tolerance to temperature, salinity, different pH and simulated gastrointestinal fluids in the viability of the bacteria were also evaluated. The probiotics viability during the storage period was also studied. Finally, the maintenance of the immunomodulatory capacity of the encapsulated microorganisms was evaluated by means of the dosage of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and IgA. L. rhamnosus 64 and L. paracasei BGP1 demonstrated resistance to lysozyme, with survival rates above 80%. The hydrophobicity profiles of the cell wall were from 8.47 to 19.19%. Susceptibility to antibiotics also corroborated the literature, demonstrating resistance only to vancomycin (35 µg) and erythromycin (15 µg). The two strains were able to antagonize the growth of Escherichia coli V517, Salmonella enteritidis OMS-Ca, Staphylococcus aureus 76 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313. As far as the capacity of using prebiotics the two strains of lactobacilli presented inverse behaviors, they used preferably inulin, raftilose 95 and lactulose. In the tests of resistance to the simulated gastrointestinal fluids it was verified a significant decline of viable cells, with subtraction of up to 3.37 log CFU / mL, justifying the application of encapsulation technology. In the encapsulation step the capsules were produced with gum arabic, porcine gelatin and vegetable fat. The obtained capsules presented a typical format and average sizes of 80.12 ± 1.89 and 83.92 ± 1.70 µm. Extreme pH conditions (1.5 and 9.0) and temperature above 50 ° C compromised the stability of the capsules. The encapsulation significantly improved the tolerance of microorganisms to high salt concentrations and elevation of temperature. In addition, it favored the resistance of the microorganisms to the simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The stability of the microorganisms during the storage period was also favored, after 120 days of storage at 7 and 25 ° C the concentration of viable microorganisms remained higher than 7.0 log CFU / g. In the in vivo tests for evaluation of the maintenance of the immunomodulation capacity, the cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) and secretory IgA were determined, that encapsulation did not alter the immunological response by the strains of lactobacilli studied. It was concluded that the microorganisms presented in vitro behavior in accordance with the one desired for probiotic candidates. Microencapsulation was successful, giving both strains greater resistance to adverse conditions and technological stress.
Souza, Aline Francisca de. "Estudo da viabilidade de microrganismos probióticos encapsulados em matriz polimérica natural contendo ingredientes prebióticos e fibras alimentares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97132/tde-03122015-154309/.
Full textHealth and wellness are directly related to the consumption of healthy foods containing functional ingredients such as fibers, pre- and probiotics, which promote many health benefits, regarding body functions and prevention of several diseases. Therefore, this work aimed to study the encapsulation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii UFV H2B20, by emulsification technique, in natural polymeric matrices composed of alginate and flours of pulp of unripe banana, passion fruit husk, integral white beans, bagasse of apple and orange. The experiments were undertaken based on a 24 factorial design in order to identify the parameters that affect the encapsulation efficiency in different polymer matrices and microorganisms viability, as well. It was studied the effect of stirring speed, and concentrations of Tween 80, sodium alginate and the mentioned functional flours. The results showed that the emulsification technique showed high encapsulation efficiency (> 80%) of the Lactobacillus cells in the different polymer matrices evaluated. In addition, the main parameters that affected microencapsulation of L. delbrueckii UFV H2B20 included stirring speed and alginate concentration. Regarding the \"simulated gastric fluid\" (SGF) assays, microcapsules made of alginate, and flours of pulp of unripe banana or husk of passion fruit showed cell survival average than 60,5 % and 41,0 %, respectively, after 30 minutes of exposure to SGF, being selected for further studies. Although the addition of inulin to the polymeric matrix containing alginate and flour of unripe banana pulp or husk of passionfruit presented encapsulation efficiency higher than 80%, they did not show any protection effect to the cells when exposed to SGF. It was also showed, after 28 days of storage at 4 °C or in ice cream at -18 °C, that the cell survival of L. delbrueckii UFV H2B20 microencapsulated in matrices containing flours of unripe banana pulp or husk of passion fruit was higher than 90%. The addition of sucrose or reconstituted skim milk in these matrixes, as thermoprotector, did not interfere significantly in the protection of microencapsulated cells when stored at 4 °C or -18 °C. These results revealed that flours made of unripe banana pulp and husk of passion fruit, when combined with sodium alginate, represent a promising alternative for microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria under the conditions evaluated in this work.
Lopes, Ângela Romero [UNESP]. "Produção de ácido lático por lactobacilos em diferentes meio de cultivo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94976.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O ácido lático é produzido preferencialmente durante o metabolismo fermentativo de carboidratos por bactérias láticas (BAL). Esse processo metabólico anaeróbio gera 2 moles de ácido lático partindo-se de 1 mol de glicose. Procurando-se obtenção de ácido em meios de cultivo de baixo custo, foram avaliados 3 meios de cultivo: CSN a base de caldo de canade- açúcar, MRS modificado (2% de glicose) e o meio Padrão (4% sacarose). Para cada meio utilizou-se 4 Erlenmeyer’s de 250 mL sendo 1 deles o controle e os demais contendo as bactérias. Empregou-se após seleção prévia Lactobacillus delbrueckii 103.10.2 e linhagem selvagem não identificada na condição estática (30 ± 2°C) e agitada (150 rpm, temperatura de 30 ± 2°C) por 72 h. Os meios foram enriquecidos com extrato de tomate em diferentes concentrações (0; 0,5 ; 2 e 4%). O ácido lático produzido foi quantificado enzimaticamente pelo Accutrend Lactate® e a acidez total por titulometria. Acompanhou-se o consumo da glicose pelo método do ADNS. Verificou-se que 34,35gL-1 de ácido lático foram obtidos em 72 h de fermentação agitada pela linhagem selvagem não identificada, no meio CSN 12 brix acrescido de 4% de extrato de tomate, sendo consumidos 16,1 gL-1 de glicose. A linhagem Lactobacillus delbrueckii 103.10.2 produziu 27,90gL-1 de ácido lático em meio Padrão, contendo 0,5% de extrato de tomate, durante as 72h de cultivo.
The lactic acid is produced preferably during fermentative metabolism of carbohydrate for lactic acid bacteria (BAL). In this anaerobic metabolic process, two lactic acid molecules are produced from each molecule of glucose. In this study Lactobacillus delbrueckii 103.10.2 and unidentified wild strain was assayed in three different culture media: modified MRS medium (2% glucose), CSN (sugar-cane juice supplemented with nutrients) and a standard medium (4% sucrose) with agitation or under stationary conditions, enriched with tomato extract (0; 0,5 ; 2 and 4%). The lactic acid produced was measured with the Accutrend Lactate® as well as titration method (verification of acidity); and glucose concentration was determined by ADNS method. The best strain for lactic acid production was unidentified wild strain, presenting 34,35 gL-1 of lactic acid in the CSN 12 brix medium enriched with 4% of tomato extract; 16,1 gL-1 of glucose was consumed, at 30 ± 2°C for 72h, under agitation at 150 rpm.
Lopes, Ângela Romero. "Produção de ácido lático por lactobacilos em diferentes meio de cultivo /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94976.
Full textAbstract: The lactic acid is produced preferably during fermentative metabolism of carbohydrate for lactic acid bacteria (BAL). In this anaerobic metabolic process, two lactic acid molecules are produced from each molecule of glucose. In this study Lactobacillus delbrueckii 103.10.2 and unidentified wild strain was assayed in three different culture media: modified MRS medium (2% glucose), CSN (sugar-cane juice supplemented with nutrients) and a standard medium (4% sucrose) with agitation or under stationary conditions, enriched with tomato extract (0; 0,5 ; 2 and 4%). The lactic acid produced was measured with the Accutrend Lactate® as well as titration method (verification of acidity); and glucose concentration was determined by ADNS method. The best strain for lactic acid production was unidentified wild strain, presenting 34,35 gL-1 of lactic acid in the CSN 12 brix medium enriched with 4% of tomato extract; 16,1 gL-1 of glucose was consumed, at 30 ± 2°C for 72h, under agitation at 150 rpm.
Orientador: Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis
Coorientador: Jonas Contiero
Banca: Marta Cristina Teixeira Duarte
Banca: Octavio Antonio Valsechi
Mestre
Chaves, Maria Manoela Barata de Castro. "Estudo da microbiota vaginal de éguas com ênfase na pesquisa de lactobacilos /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98256.
Full textBanca: Alexandre Secorun Borges
Banca: Eliane Melo Brolazo
Resumo: Na égua o ambiente uterino saudável não apresenta microflora, diferente da vagina onde se sabe existir uma flora vaginal rica em microrganismos não patogênicos. Muitas bactérias da flora vaginal normal podem ser deslocadas para o interior do útero, podendo ser esta a causa principal de endometrites em éguas doadoras de embriões. A presença de Lactobacillus spp é considerada importante na flora vaginal de mulheres e tem sido pouco investigada em éguas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a flora vaginal de éguas, doadoras de embriões, determinar os principais microrganismos presentes, relacionar os achados microbiológicos vaginais e uterinos, assim como determinar a prevalência de Lactobacillus. No experimento 1 foram utilizadas 77 éguas doadoras de embrião, 33 foram coletadas amostras vaginais e uterinas e 77 apenas vaginais. O experimento 2 contou com dois grupos (36 éguas e 10 mulheres) de swabs vaginais sendo um para cultivo e isolamento de Lactobacillus e outro para extração do DNA e PCR. As bactérias predominantes na vagina foram: Streptococcus zooepidemicus (42%), Escherichia coli (25%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (15%) Candida (6%), Enterobacter spp (3%), Bacillus spp (3%), Streptococcus beta hemolítico (3%) e Pseudomonas (3%).. Das 33 amostras coletadas do útero de éguas somente 39% (n=12) não apresentaram crescimento bacteriano ou fúngico. Tendo sido Streptococcus zooepidemicus o mais frequentemente encontrado (26%), seguido de Escherichia coli (15%), Candida spp (9%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (6%) e Enterobacter (3%). Os microrganismos isolados da vagina e que estavam concomitantemente presentes no útero de éguas foram: Streptococcus zooepidemicus (21%), Escherichia coli (12%), Candida spp (9%) e Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (6%). Em 83,3% houve concordância entre as amostras negativas na vagina e no útero (p <0,05). Em 73,7% ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Different from the vagina, were a rich microflora is present, the uterine environment is considered free of microorganisms. One possibility for the installation of endometritis in mares is the ascendent contamination from the vagina.The presence of Lactobacillus on vaginal flora is considered important in woman however there is few information on mares. The present experiment aimed to study the vaginal microflora of embryo donnor mares, to correlate the vaginal and uterine finds and also to determine the prevalence of Lactobacillus on vaginal envirioment. On experiment 1 a total of 77 mares were used and vaginal samples collected from 33 of these mares both vaginal and uterine samples were collected. On experiment 2 vaginal swabs from 36 mares and 10 women were collected for culture and isolation of Lactobacillus, DNA extration and PCR. The predominate bacteria isolated from the vagina were: Streptococcus zooepidemicus (42%), Escherichia coli (25%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (15%) Candida (6%), Enterobacter spp (3%), Bacillus spp (3%), Streptococcus beta hemolítico (3%) e Pseudomonas (3%). From 33 samples collected from the uterus only 39% (n= 12) did not show any microorganism on culture. Streptococcus zooepidemicus was the most frequent isolated microorganism (26%), followed by Escherichia coli (15%), Candida spp (9%), Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (6%) e Enterobacter (3%). When evaluated the microorganisms isolated from both vaginal and uterine samples Streptococcus zooepidemicus (21%), Escherichia coli (12%), Candida spp (9%) e Streptococcus alfa hemolytic (6%) were the most frequent isolated bacteria. The agreement between swabs taken from both uterus and vagina was 83.3% (p <0,05) for negative cultures and 73,7% for positive cultures (p <0,05). From 35 samples collected on group I Lactobacillus spp was isolated in only two (5,7%) eight (20%) samples showed positive ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Damé-Teixeira, Nailê. "Efeito da redução do aporte nutricional na diversidade genotípica e nos fatores de virulência de bactérias cariogênicas isoladas de dentina cariada selada." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/130444.
Full textA hypothesis exists that a selection of bacteria occurs underneath restoration due to a limited access of nutrients. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding their role in the progression of carious process beneath restorations after Partial Dentin Caries Removal. It still unclear if the diversity and the virulence potential of the sealed bacteria remain the same after sealing. The aim of this study was to characterize Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species isolated from caries dentin before and after starvation stress by cavity sealing. S. mutans and lactobacilli were obtained by culture of carious dentin from four and six patients, respectively. Two carious dentin samples were collected and cultured per patient: 1st before and 2nd after three months of cavity sealing. Presumptive S. mutans and lactobacilli were selected, isolated and analyzed by Gram staining. Housekeeping genes sequencing were used to the species identification (gtfB for S. mutans and pheS/rpoA/groEL/16SrRNA for lactobacilli) and Arbitrary Primer-PCR (AP-PCR) was used for genotyping. Phenotypic analysis (acid production and acid tolerance) was performed. A total of 48 representative S. mutans isolates were genotyped (31 before and 17 after the sealing). The number of different genotypes identified was nine and six before and after sealing, respectively. At least one of the genotypes found before the sealing was also found on dentin after the sealing in all patients. Regarding lactobacilli, it was analyzed 86 strains, 41 before and 45 after starvation stress by sealing. L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus prevailed and only four isolates did not belong to these species. A total of 27 and 15 different genotypes were found before and after sealing, respectively. There was no difference between isolates from carious dentin before and after starvation stress, neither regarding acid production or acid tolerance, although L. paracasei showed lower pH value in 48 h of growth. In conclusion, genotypic diversity of S. mutans decreased after starvation stress, but the virulence traits of S. mutans remained unchangeable. L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus were the most prevalent species of this genus, besides L. rhamnosus was selected after starvation stress. There was a decreased genotypic diversity of lactobacilli at the strains level and an increased diversity of species in sealed carious dentin. More studies evaluating other virulence traits are necessary to better understand the cariogenicity of the residual strains underneath restorations and to understand the resistance of L. rhamnosus to this site.
Cristóbal, Delgado Ruth Liliana, and Delgado Ruth Liliana Cristóbal. "Lactobacilos productores de bacteriocinas aislados de quesos artesanales provenientes de Lima y provincias." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. http://cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe/handle/cybertesis/235.
Full textThe aim of this study was to get bacteriocin – producing lactic acid bacteria. For the purpose of this study, thirty three samples of artisanal cheeses from Lima and provinieses were collected, and three hundred and forty one strains of lactobacilli were isolated according to the procedures established by Bergey’s Manual. The most frequently isolated species were Lactobacillus casei 56% (191) and Lactobacillus plantarum 35.8% (122). Only 16.42% (56/341) of the isolates showed bacteriocinogenic activity against Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. The supernatants of bacteriocinogenic cultures were adjusted to pH 6.5 to rule out the action of organic acids, and it was determined the presence of hydrogen peroxide by the assay with catalase. The biochemical constitution of the bacteriocins present in the supernatants was determined using enzymatically pronase E, a - amylase and lipase. The 53% (30) of bacteriocins was of lipoproteinaceous nature, 25% (14) of glycolipoproteinaceous nature, 13% (7) of glycoproteinaceous nature, and 9% (5) only of proteinaceous nature. On the other hand, the supernatants were exposed to various heat treatments at 60, 80, and 100°C, to pH variation at 4, 7, and 9, and to storage temperatures at 4, 15 and 32°C, and it was found that the thermostability of bacteriocins was found from 60 to 80°C, the optimum pH was from 4 to 7, and the optimum storage temperature was from 4 to 32°C. The bacteriocins present in the supernatants of the different isolates inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus UA05, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708, Shigella sonnei ATCC 9290 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. However, Listeria innocua UP01was resistant. The isolate identified as Lactobacillus plantarum LM1 produced the bacteriocin with the best physicochemical parameters, and showed a broad spectrum of inhibition against the indicator microorganisms. Key words: Lactic acid bacteria, bacteriocins, lactobacilli, Lactobacillus plantarum, artisanal cheeses.
Tesis
Cristóbal, Delgado Ruth Liliana. "Lactobacilos productores de bacteriocinas aislados de quesos artesanales provenientes de Lima y provincias." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/235.
Full textThe aim of this study was to get bacteriocin – producing lactic acid bacteria. For the purpose of this study, thirty three samples of artisanal cheeses from Lima and provinieses were collected, and three hundred and forty one strains of lactobacilli were isolated according to the procedures established by Bergey’s Manual. The most frequently isolated species were Lactobacillus casei 56% (191) and Lactobacillus plantarum 35.8% (122). Only 16.42% (56/341) of the isolates showed bacteriocinogenic activity against Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. The supernatants of bacteriocinogenic cultures were adjusted to pH 6.5 to rule out the action of organic acids, and it was determined the presence of hydrogen peroxide by the assay with catalase. The biochemical constitution of the bacteriocins present in the supernatants was determined using enzymatically pronase E, a - amylase and lipase. The 53% (30) of bacteriocins was of lipoproteinaceous nature, 25% (14) of glycolipoproteinaceous nature, 13% (7) of glycoproteinaceous nature, and 9% (5) only of proteinaceous nature. On the other hand, the supernatants were exposed to various heat treatments at 60, 80, and 100°C, to pH variation at 4, 7, and 9, and to storage temperatures at 4, 15 and 32°C, and it was found that the thermostability of bacteriocins was found from 60 to 80°C, the optimum pH was from 4 to 7, and the optimum storage temperature was from 4 to 32°C. The bacteriocins present in the supernatants of the different isolates inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus UA05, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708, Shigella sonnei ATCC 9290 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. However, Listeria innocua UP01was resistant. The isolate identified as Lactobacillus plantarum LM1 produced the bacteriocin with the best physicochemical parameters, and showed a broad spectrum of inhibition against the indicator microorganisms. Key words: Lactic acid bacteria, bacteriocins, lactobacilli, Lactobacillus plantarum, artisanal cheeses.
Tesis
Roselino, Mariana Nougalli. "Avaliação do simbiótico fermentado com Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 e Lactobacillus helveticus ssp jugurti 416, à base de extratos aquosos de soja e de yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) no controle do desenvolvimento do Diabetes Mellitus /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88579.
Full textCoorientador: Daniela Cardoso Umbelino Cavallini
Banca: Marla Simone Jovenasso Manzoni
Banca: Regina Celia Vendramini
Resumo: O presente trabalho avaliou os efeitos do simbiótico fermentado com Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 e Lactobacillus helveticus ssp jugurti 416, à base de extratos de soja e de yacon produzidos em ratos com Diabetes mellitus, cuja indução foi feita quimicamente pela administração intraperitoneal de estreptozotocina (50mg/kg de peso corporal). Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos experimentais (n=10): I - animais não diabéticos que receberam somente ração (controle negativo); II - animais diabéticos que receberam somente ração (controle positivo); III - animais diabéticos que receberam ração + dose de 1 mL/Kg de peso corpóreo/dia do produto não fermentado a base de soja e yacon; IV - animais diabéticos que receberam ração + dose de 1 mL/Kg de peso corpóreo/dia do produto fermentado a base de soja e yacon. No produto em estudo foram quantificadas a viabilidade dos microrganismos probióticos e a concentração dos frutanos (FOS e inulina). O período experimental foi de 59 dias e os parâmetros avaliados foram: peso corpóreo dos animais, ingestão hídrica e alimentar, Coeficiente de Eficácia Alimentar (CEA), glicemia, enzimas aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e alanina aminotransferase (ALT), triglicerídeos, colesterol, HDL, nHDL-C, gorduras epididimal e retoperitonial, músculos sóleo e extensor longo dos dedos, cortes histológicos de fígado, pâncreas e rim e, análise de biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo, TBARS (substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico) e DPPH (2,2 - difenil-1-picril de hidrazila). Não foi observada diferença entre os grupos que receberam os produtos não fermentado e fermentado quando comparado com o grupo de diabéticos que não recebeu tratamento, para consumo de água, ração e peso corporal. O mesmo foi observado para os parâmetros bioquímicos, exceto ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This study evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of synbiotic fermented with Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 and Lactobacillus helveticus ssp jugurti 416, based on soymilk and yacon produced in rats with Diabetes mellitus, whose induction was done chemically by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight). The rats were divided into four groups (n=10): I - non diabetic animals that received only chow diet (negative control), II - diabetic animals that received only chow diet (positive control), III - diabetic animals that received chow diet + 1mL/kg body weight/day of unfermented product of soybean and yacon, IV - diabetic rats that received chow diet + 1mL/kg body weight/day of fermented product of soybean and yacon extracts. In the product under study were quantification viability of microorganisms of the probiotic and the concentration of fructans (inulin and FOS). The experiment was carried out for 59 days and the parameters were evaluated: body weight of animals, feed and water intake, Food Efficiency Ratio (FER), glucose, enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL-C nHDL, epididymal and retoperitonial white adipose tissue, soleus and extensor digitorum longus and tissues liver, kidney and pancreas, and analysis of biomarkers of oxidative stress, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and DPPH (2,2 - diphenyl-1-picryl of hidrazila). No difference was observed between the groups that received unfermented and fermented products when compared to the diabetic group that not received treatment, for drinking water, feed intake and body weight. The same was observed for the biochemical parameters, except for fractions HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. With respect to biomarkers there was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Moraes, Joyce Gomes de. "Constipação crônica funcional em crianças: alimentação e ocorrência de bifidobacterium lactobacilos na microbiota fecal." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12920.
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A Constipação Intestinal Crônica Funcional (CICF) é uma entidade nosológica complexa e multifatorial. Constitui a maior causa de constipação intestinal na população infantil, com frequência significativa em lactentes. Estudos mostram que crianças com CICF apresentam a microbiota alterada, sendo o baixo teor de fibras na dieta considerado como uma possível explicação para esse achado. O nosso objetivo foi: comparar crianças constipadas e não constipadas quanto à microbiota fecal, utilizando como modelo os gêneros Bifidobacterium e Lactobacillus; analisar o consumo de frutas, legumes, vegetais e guloseimas nos dois grupos de crianças e verificar se houve associação do tipo de parto, presença de aleitamento materno, prematuridade, história familiar de constipação e a presença de CICF. As crianças foram recrutadas no Centro de Saúde Antônio Luís de Souza (CSALS), em Camaragibe-PE. Foram considerados casos crianças entre seis e 36 meses de idade que preencheram os critérios de Roma III para CICF. O grupo comparativo tinha a mesma faixa etária. O grupo caso foi formado por 39 crianças e o comparativo, por 40 crianças. As mães das crianças responderam a formulários sobre eventos do pré-natal e pós-natal imediato, aleitamento e condições econômicas. Foi realizada avaliação nutricional e da ingestão alimentar das crianças, sendo a última por intermédio de um questionário de frequência alimentar. As crianças tiveram amostras de fezes coletadas e analisadas por SYBR® Green. Não houve diferença estatística entre o consumo de frutas, legumes, verduras e guloseimas entre os grupos. As crianças constipadas consumiram significativamente mais produtos lácteos (p> 0,001) quando comparadas às crianças não constipadas. Não houve diferença estatística quanto ao teor de Bifidobacterium por miligramas de fezes entre os grupos, as crianças constipadas apresentaram um teor significativamente menor de Lactobacillus por miligramas de fezes (p=0,015) quando comparadas às crianças não constipadas. Foi verificado ainda que entre as crianças constipadas uma maior freqüência de parto cesáreo, menor tempo de aleitamento materno e história familiar para constipação positiva.
Barreto, Gisela Pizarro de Mattos. "Avaliação de meios de cultura para quantificação de lactobacilos e bifidobacterias e contagem destes microrganismos em produtos lacteos." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256177.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo sobre o comportamento de diferentes cepas de bactérias lácticas ( por exemplo: Lactobacillus acidophilus, L.casei, L. lactis, L. delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus) e de bifidobacterias, utilizando diferentes meios de cultura (MRS, MRS-maltose, MRSsalicina, HHD e LA), para avaliar a similaridade entre eles, a capacidade de recuperação de cada um e a capacidade de quantificar as diferentes cepas. Primeiramente verificamos o comportamento de cepas puras depois, de cepas em diferentes misturas e, por último, de cepas presentes em iogurte e leite fermentado comercializado no mercado brasileiro. Também foi realizado um estudo da viabilidade das bactérias lácticas, presentes em produtos lácticos, durante o armazenamento. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os quatro meios de cultura se mostraram equivalentes ao MRS na capacidade de recuperação das cepas padrão em cultura pura. O meio de cultura HHD apresentou melhor desempenho em relação a capacidade de recuperação das células, na avaliação com as cepas em diferentes misturas e, presentes em iogurtes e leite fermentado. Através do estudo da viabilidade das bactérias lácticas, presentes nos produtos analisados, verificou-se que os prazos de validade dos produtos se mostraram adequados, do ponto de vista da contagem total de bactérias viáveis. Em relação à contagem de L.acidophilus, somente 62% apresentaram contagem de células viáveis, dentro do valor mínimo requerido de 106 UFC/mL. E, em relação à contagem de bifidobactéria, apenas um produto apresentou contagem dentro do valor mínimo requerido.
Abstract: This is a study about the behaviour of the different strains of lactic acid bacteria (eg: Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. lactis, L. delbruekií susp. bulgaricus, Streptococus thermophilus) and bifidobacteria, with different culture media (MRS, MRS- maltose, MRS -salicin, HHD eLA), in order to evaluate the similarity among them, the capacity of each one to recover and the capacity to enumerate different strains. Firstly we checked the behaviour of the pure strains then the strains in different mixtures and finally the strains existing in the yogurt and fermented milk that are commercialized in Brazilian market. We also study the viability of the lactic acid bacteria in yogurt during refrigerated storage. The results demonstrated that the four culture media were similary to the MRS in the capacity of recovering when the pure strain was checked. The culture media HHD was the best in the capacity of recovering with strains in different mixtures and with the strains existing in the yogurt and fermented milk. Through the study of the viability of the lactic acid bacteria in the products, it showed that the validity was adequate, at least, in the total counting of viable bacteria. However, in the counting of L. acidophilus, only 62% maintained viability of 106 UFC/mL (minimum level]. In The counting of bifidobactéria, only one product maintained viable cells with minimum leveI.
Mestrado
Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos
Pina, Marcos Rogerio Rosa. "Avaliação da eficacia da escovação da lingua sobre a contagem de Estreptococos mutans e Lactobacilos da saliva." [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289679.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Essa pesquisa foi desenvolvida com um grupo de 20 escolares, com 10 anos de idade, do município de Limeira. O estudo compreendeu duas fases. A primeira fase constou de 20 dias de escovação supervisionada da língua e a segunda, iniciada imediatamente após o término da primeira, constou de 20 dias de paralisação da escovação. Nenhuma modificação nas medidas de higiene oral pessoal foi executada a não ser a inclusão da escovação da língua, dividindo-se a mesma em 3 partes (lateral direita, porção central e lateral esquerda). Cada parte foi escovada com 20 movimentos, partindo da região posterior para a anterior, sem retroceder o movimento. Seguidamente à escovação, foi realizado um bochecho, por 5 segundos, com água de abastecimento público. As escovações não continham dentifrício. Para efeitos de padronização, uma escova dental (Oral B, n.o P-30) foi dada a cada um dos componentes do grupo no início da pesquisa. As amostras de saliva foram colhidas nos tempos 0, 20 e 40 dias de pesquisa para avaliações das quantidades de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias (U.F.C.) bacterianas por ml. Para tanto, utilizou-se de um teste simplificado, comercialmente conhecido pelo nome de "CARITEST SM" (para Estreptococos mutans) e "CARITEST LB" (para Lactobacilos). Os resultados obtidos para Estreptococos mutans ressaltam que, dos 20 pacientes estudados, 40% (08) apresentaram diminuição do número de colônias após 20 dias de escovação da língua, 40% (08) mantiveram seus valores iniciais e 20% (04) apresentaram valores maiores que os iniciais. Aos 40 dias do experimento, ou seja, 20 dias após a cessação da escovação da língua, pôde-se verificar que para 50% (10) dos pacientes houve um aumento de seus valores e os restantes 50% (10) mantiveram seus valores iniciais. Dessa mesma forma, verificou-se que, para Lactobacilos, dos 20 pacientes estudados, 30% (06) apresentaram diminuição do número de colônias após 20 dias de escovação da língua, 55% (11) permaneceram nos seus valores iniciais e 15% (03) apresentaram valores maiores que os iniciais. Aos 40 dias do experimento, ou seja, 20 dias após a cessação da escovação da língua, chegou-se a conclusão que para 60% (12) dos pacientes houve um alimento de seus valores, 30% (06) mantiveram seus valores iniciais e 10% (02) apresentaram valores menores que os iniciais
Abstract: This research has been developed with a school group of 20, in the 10 year-old age group, within Limeira City. The study has had two phases. The first consisted of 20 days of supervised brushing of the tongue and the second, of 20 days of nonbrushing, and, the second phase has begun immediately after end of the first one. No modification at the personal oral hygiene measurement has been executed unless the inclusion of the tongue brushing, wich was accomplished in such a way that it has been divided in 3 parts (lateral right, central portion and lateral left). Each part has been brushed with 20, movements from the posterior area to the previous one, without going back the movement. Afterwards, a rinsing was accomplished, for 5 seconds, with the public provisioning water. The brushing didn't contain toothpaste. For standardization effects, a toothbrush (Oral B, n° P-30) was given to each one of the components of the group in the beginning of the research. The saliva samples were picked in the times 0, 20 and 40 days of research for evaluations of the amounts of Colonies Formated Unit (C.F.U.) bacteria for ml. For so much, it was used of na easy test, wellknown commercially for "CARITEST SM' (for Streptococcus mutans) and "CARITEST LB" (for Lactobacilli). The results obtained for Streptococcus mutans, have stood out that, of the 20 studied patients, 40% (08) have presented the number of colonies decrease after 20 days of tongue brushing, 40% (08) have stayed within of their own values and 20% (04) have presented larger values than the previous ones. To the 40 days of the experiment, that is to say, 20 days after the ceasing of tongue brushing, it ean be verified that for 50% (10) of the patients there has been an increase o(their values and the remaining ones 50% (10) have been within of their own values. Thus, it ean be verified that, for Lactobacilli, of the 20 studied patients, 30% (06) have presented the number of colonies decrease after 20 days of tongue brushing, 55% (11) have stayed within of their own values and 15% (03) have presented larger values than the previous ones. To the 40 days of the experiment, that is to say, 20 days after the ceasing of the tongue brushing, it can be verified that for 60% (12) of the patients there has been an increase of their values, 30% (06) have been within of their own values and 10% (02) have presented smaller values than the previous ones
Mestrado
Fisiologia e Biofisica do Sistema Estomatognatico
Mestre em Odontologia
Paiva, Igor Moura de. "Caracterização estrutural e avaliação da capacidade imunomodulatória de exopolessacarídeos produzidos por lactobacilos isolados de Kefir." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-96DG2X.
Full textOs grãos de Kefir são caracterizados por uma matrizexopolissacarídica que abriga uma complexa comunidade simbiótica de bactérias e leveduras. A bebida é obtida a partir da fermentação dos microrganismos, constituintes do grão, nos mais variados tipos de meio em que estes podem ser cultivados, destacando o leite bovino e soluções aquosas de sacarose. Os exopolissacarídeospodem apresentar um ou mais tipos de resíduos de monossacarídeos, de modo que a síntese dos homopolissacarídeos envolve apenas um gene enquantoa dos heteropolissacarídeos envolve vários genes. Estas moléculas apresentam inúmeras aplicações biotecnológicas tanto na indústria quanto na área biomédica. No presente trabalho foi realizada a identificação de cepas de lactobacilos produtores de exopolissacarídeos, a caracterização molecular dos genes das enzimas envolvidas na polimerização dos resíduos glicídicos, bem como a caracterização estrutural e avaliação da capacidade imunomodulatória destes biopolímeros. Dentre os 53 lactobacilos isolados de grãos de kefir que foram utilizados, 16 foram considerados produtores de exopolissacarídeo quando cultivados em meio MRS contendo sacarose. As sequências de nucleotídeo das glicosiltransferases de L. kefiranofaciens1P3, L. satsumensis10P e 10P2 e L. parafarraginis12P apresentaram alta identidade entre si e identidade de 74-75% com uma sequência do GenBank referente à mesma enzima de uma cepa de L. hilgardiique também foi isolada de grãos de kefir. Os cinco exopolissacarídeos que foram caracterizados estruturalmente apresentaram apenas glicose na sua cadeia polimérica e ligações (1,6) e (1,4) nas proporções de 92 e 8% respectivamente, sendo identificados como dextranos (1P3, 10P, 10P2, 12P e 19U) e a massa molecular dos mesmos foi superior a 500 KDa. Para avaliar a capacidade imunomodulatória dos exopolissacarídeos, camundongos tratados com os dextranos 1P3, 10P e 10P2 foram comparados com camundongos tratados com salina. Seus efeitos imunomoduladores no intestino delgado dos animais foram avaliados pela produção de IgA e pela expressão das citocinas IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17, IFN-, TGF- e TNF-. Todos os dextranos estimularam um aumento significativo na produção de IgA. Os animais que receberam dextrano 1P3 apresentaram produção reduzida de IL-10 e TGF-, enquanto os que receberam dextrano 10P2 tiveram aexpressão de TNF-aumentada.
Oliveira, Felipe Eduardo de. "Efeitos imunomoduladores e atividade anti-Candida de lactobacilos com propriedades probióticas em macrófagos e em modelo invertebrado de Galleria mellonella /." São José dos Campos, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150201.
Full textCo-orientadora : Mariella Vieira Pereira Leão
Banca: Ana Paula Candido Santos
Banca: Michelle Cardoso de Sousa
Banca: Graziella Nuernberg Back Brito
Banca: Estela Kaminagakura Tango
Resumo: Muitos produtos probióticos são compostos pela associação de lactobacilos no intuito de potencializar seu efeito benéfico. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a imunomodulação e atividade anti-Candida causada por diferentes combinações de suspensões probióticas em macrófagos e em Galleria mellonella. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), L. acidophilus (LA), e L. paracasei (LP) foram suspendidos para obtenção das suspensões LR, LA, LP, LR+LA, LR+LP, LA+LP e LR+LA+LP. Foram utilizadas suspensões de Candida albicans (CA) ATCC 18804, C. krusei (CK) ATCC 6258 e C. glabrata (CG) ATCC 9030. Macrófagos de camundongo (RAW 264.7) foram ativados por cada suspensão de lactobacilos e desafiados por cada uma das cepas fúngicas. Foram investigadas taxa de fagocitose, produção de citocinas e óxido nítrico e a viabilidade celular. A melhor suspensão probiótica para cada cepa fúngica seria usada nos testes in vivo, com G. mellonella, no entanto, devido à baixa virulência das espécies não-albicans, os testes in vivo prosseguiram com CA e LR. Duas cepas clínicas de CA foram acrescentadas: 21 e 60. Suspensões de LR foram injetadas na hemolinfa das larvas 24 h antes do desafio com as cepas fúngicas. Foram determinadas curva de sobrevivência, contagem de UFC/mL das cepas de C. albicans e de hemócitos. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente de acordo com a distribuição normal (ANOVA e Tukey ou Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn) e a curva de sobrevivência pelo teste de Log-rank (Mantel-Cox), p<0,05. As ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Many probiotic products are composed by association of lactobacilli in order to potentiate their beneficial effect. Therefore, the objective of this study was evaluating the immunomodulation and anti-Candida activity caused by different combinations of probiotic suspensions in macrophages and in Galleria mellonella. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), L. acidophilus (LA) and L. paracasei (LP) were suspended to obtain the suspensions LR, LA, LP, LR + LA, LR + LP, LA + LP and LR + LA + LP. Suspensions of Candida albicans (CA) ATCC 18804, C. krusei (CK) ATCC 6258 and C. glabrata (CG) ATCC 9030 were used. Mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) were activated by each suspension of lactobacilli and then challenged by each fungal strain. Phagocytosis, cytokine and nitric oxide production and cell viability were investigated. The best lacobacilli suspension for each fungal strain would be used in the in vivo assays with G. mellonella, however, because of low virulence of the non-albicans species, in vivo tests were performed with CA and LR. Two clinical strains of CA were added: 21 and 60. LR suspensions were injected into the haemolymph of the larvae 24 h before challenging with fungal strains. Survival curve, CA strains CFU/mL counting and hemocytes were determined. The results were statistically analyzed according to their normal distribution (ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn) and the survival curve by Log-rank test (MantelCox), p <0.05. The best suspensions for CA, CK and CG were LR (which obtained the best results in the cytokine profile), LP and LA (which obtained the best results on phagocytosis), respectively. In G. mellonella, LR suspension increased percentage survival and hemocyte counting and decreased CFU/mL counting in all groups, with statistically significant differences in the results. Thus, it can be concluded that the suspensions of lactobacilli have ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
Vistoso, Monreal Anette Paulina. "Efecto del consumo de leche enriquecida con probióticos lactobacilos, en la incidencia de lesiones de caries en niños preescolares." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130016.
Full textLa caries dental es una enfermedad crónica multifactorial que afecta a niños y adultos, tanto a la dentición temporal como a la definitiva. Es un problema de salud pública y es considerada como la enfermedad crónica más prevalente en niños. Es producida por la interacción de diversos factores, como las bacterias presentes en el biofilm, una alta dieta en hidratos de carbono, y factores del huésped, como las características de los dientes y de la saliva. Todo esto influido por las condiciones de vida de las personas que se conocen como los determinantes sociales de la salud.La caries dental en el grupo de preescolares e presenta generalmente en una forma particular denominada Caries Temprana de la Infancia (CTI), asociada a la presencia de Streptococcus mutans en el biofilm. Los probióticos son microorganismos vivos que al ser administrados en cantidades adecuadas, confieren beneficios al huésped. Estudios in vitro y clínicos apoyan la idea de que las bacterias probióticas tienen efectos protectores en la salud oral y que una ingesta regular de ellos disminuye el número de streptococci cariogénicos en saliva. Por lo que al administrar especies como Lactobacillus rhamnosus en vehículos lácteos disminuirían los niveles de Mutans Streptococci (Streptococcus mutans y Streptococcus sobrinus) salivales en niños a corto plazo. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer si existen diferencias, en la prevalencia e incidencia de nuevas lesiones de caries, entre preescolares que consumen leche enriquecida con Lactobacillus rhamnosus LRH08 (probiótico) y aquellos que consumen leche sin probióticos, determinando la prevalencia e incidencia de caries a través del índice ceod al inicio y a los 12 meses del estudio. A este ensayo clínico controlado randomizado por conglomerados triple ciego de 18 meses de duración, se invitaron a participar a 520 preescolares entre 2 y 3 años de edad, que asistían a jardines infantiles de la Fundación INTEGRA. Se conformaron los grupos experimental y control, previo consentimiento informado de los apoderados. Se realizaron exámenes clínicos y microbiológicos al inicio y a los 10 meses de seguimiento.
Oliveira, Felipe Eduardo de [UNESP]. "Efeitos imunomoduladores e atividade anti-Candida de lactobacilos com propriedades probióticas em macrófagos e em modelo invertebrado de Galleria mellonella." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150201.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Muitos produtos probióticos são compostos pela associação de lactobacilos no intuito de potencializar seu efeito benéfico. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a imunomodulação e atividade anti-Candida causada por diferentes combinações de suspensões probióticas em macrófagos e em Galleria mellonella. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), L. acidophilus (LA), e L. paracasei (LP) foram suspendidos para obtenção das suspensões LR, LA, LP, LR+LA, LR+LP, LA+LP e LR+LA+LP. Foram utilizadas suspensões de Candida albicans (CA) ATCC 18804, C. krusei (CK) ATCC 6258 e C. glabrata (CG) ATCC 9030. Macrófagos de camundongo (RAW 264.7) foram ativados por cada suspensão de lactobacilos e desafiados por cada uma das cepas fúngicas. Foram investigadas taxa de fagocitose, produção de citocinas e óxido nítrico e a viabilidade celular. A melhor suspensão probiótica para cada cepa fúngica seria usada nos testes in vivo, com G. mellonella, no entanto, devido à baixa virulência das espécies não-albicans, os testes in vivo prosseguiram com CA e LR. Duas cepas clínicas de CA foram acrescentadas: 21 e 60. Suspensões de LR foram injetadas na hemolinfa das larvas 24 h antes do desafio com as cepas fúngicas. Foram determinadas curva de sobrevivência, contagem de UFC/mL das cepas de C. albicans e de hemócitos. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente de acordo com a distribuição normal (ANOVA e Tukey ou Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn) e a curva de sobrevivência pelo teste de Log-rank (Mantel-Cox), p<0,05. As melhores suspensões para CA, CK e CG foram LR (com melhores resultados no perfil de citocinas), LP e LA (com melhores resultados sobre a fagocitose), respectivamente. Em G. mellonella, a suspensão de LR proporcionou aumento da percentagem de sobrevivência e do número de hemócitos e diminuição da contagem de UFC/mL em todos os grupos com diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Sendo assim, pode-se concluir que as suspensões de lactobacilos possuem potencial imunomodulador cepa dependente mas sua mistura não favorece essa qualidade. Além disso, possuem atividade anti-Candida, demonstrada pela diminuição na contagem de Candida.
Many probiotic products are composed by association of lactobacilli in order to potentiate their beneficial effect. Therefore, the objective of this study was evaluating the immunomodulation and anti-Candida activity caused by different combinations of probiotic suspensions in macrophages and in Galleria mellonella. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), L. acidophilus (LA) and L. paracasei (LP) were suspended to obtain the suspensions LR, LA, LP, LR + LA, LR + LP, LA + LP and LR + LA + LP. Suspensions of Candida albicans (CA) ATCC 18804, C. krusei (CK) ATCC 6258 and C. glabrata (CG) ATCC 9030 were used. Mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) were activated by each suspension of lactobacilli and then challenged by each fungal strain. Phagocytosis, cytokine and nitric oxide production and cell viability were investigated. The best lacobacilli suspension for each fungal strain would be used in the in vivo assays with G. mellonella, however, because of low virulence of the non-albicans species, in vivo tests were performed with CA and LR. Two clinical strains of CA were added: 21 and 60. LR suspensions were injected into the haemolymph of the larvae 24 h before challenging with fungal strains. Survival curve, CA strains CFU/mL counting and hemocytes were determined. The results were statistically analyzed according to their normal distribution (ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn) and the survival curve by Log-rank test (Mantel-Cox), p <0.05. The best suspensions for CA, CK and CG were LR (which obtained the best results in the cytokine profile), LP and LA (which obtained the best results on phagocytosis), respectively. In G. mellonella, LR suspension increased percentage survival and hemocyte counting and decreased CFU/mL counting in all groups, with statistically significant differences in the results. Thus, it can be concluded that the suspensions of lactobacilli have immunomodulatory potential strain-dependent but their association does not favor this quality. Besides, they showed anti-Candida activity, demonstrated by the decrease of Candida counting.
Nobre, Michelângela Suelleny de Caldas. "Influência da adição de diferentes culturas de lactobacilos sobre as características de soro de queijo de cabra tipo coalho atomizado (pó) reconstituído fermentado." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2482.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The goat milk whey is a by-product of cheese production and often discharged without any kind of treatment as effluent, becoming a source of pollution. Instead, the use of whey to produce dairy drinks has been a very attractive option, remarkably because of its nutritional value. Probiotic cultures contain microorganisms that bring health benefits to the host by improving its intestinal balance, and they can be used in fermented beverages. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different potential probiotic lactobacilli cultures on the physicochemical and microbiological features, and also on the pattern of protein degradation on reconstituted and fermented goat Coalho Cheese whey powder. The fermentation process was performed in four trials, C1, C2, C3 and C4, added, respectively, of Lactobacillus casei BGP93, Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1, L. paracasei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LPC37 LR32, all of them also added of Streptococcus thermophilus TA40 as starter culture. Titratable acidity, pH values, and viability of both S. thermophilus and Lactobacillus sp. were monitored in the reconstituted whey after adding cultures before fermentation (TI), after fermentation (TF), and after 1 (D1) and 7 (D7) days of storage at 4 °C. The use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was evaluated as an alternative method for the determination of Lactobacillus sp. populations. The analyses of proteolysis by the method o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA), ultrafast reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP- UFLC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE) were performed to evaluate the protein degradation in samples throughout the processing and storage period. The whey added of L. rhamnosus (C4) obtained the lowest pH (4.83) and the highest acidity (lactic acid 0.637g / 100 g) after 7 days of storage. The viability of Lactobacillus sp. in all trials (C1, C2, C3 and C4) obeyed the Brazilian criteria for probiotic foods, remaining above 9 log CFU in the recommended daily serving portion (200 ml). The calibration procedure for Lactobacillus sp. values in NIR analysis was adequate; however, it is required additional samples of each trial to improve the performance of calibration models and the construction of prediction models to be performed in future studies. The protein content was around 25 mg/g in all treatments over all sampling periods and, therefore, no significant difference between them was verified (p > 0.05). The chromatograms of the reconstituted whey without addition of cultures showed differences from those obtained for the TI, TF, D1 and D7 sampling periods in all trials, probably due to the thermal treatment of samples prior to the addition of cultures. The degree of proteolysis did not differ significantly between treatments (p > 0.05); however, according with the analysis of all the results, including electrophoresis and chromatography data for the C1 trial, in which low molecular weight fraction was formed, there was a trend towards of higher proteolytic activity in goat cheese whey added of the probiotic culture L. casei BGP93.
O soro caprino é um subproduto da produção queijeira e muitas vezes descartado sem nenhum tratamento como efluente, tornando-se uma fonte de poluição. Como alternativa, a utilização de soro de queijo para a produção de bebidas lácteas tem sido uma opção muito atraente, notadamente devido ao seu valor nutricional. Culturas probióticas são constituídas de microrganismos que conferem benefícios à saúde do hospedeiro, melhorando seu equilíbrio intestinal, podendo ser utilizadas em bebidas fermentadas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes culturas de lactobacilos com potencial probiótico sobre as características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sobre o padrão de degradação proteica de soro de queijo de cabra tipo coalho em pó reconstituído fermentado. O processo de fermentação foi realizado em quatro tratamentos, C1, C2, C3 e C4, adicionados, respectivamente, das culturas de Lactobacillus casei BGP93, Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1, L. paracasei LPC37 e Lactobacillus rhamnosus LR32, todos eles também adicionados de Streptococcus thermophilus TA40 como cultura starter. Foram monitorados os valores de pH, acidez titulável, S. thermophilus e Lactobacillus sp. no soro reconstituído após a adição das culturas antes da fermentação (TI), depois da fermentação (TF), e após um (D1) e sete (D7) dias de armazenamento a 4 °C. Foi avaliado o uso da espectroscopia de infravermelho próximo (NIR) como método alternativo para a determinação de populações de Lactobacillus sp. As análises de grau de proteólise pelo método o-ftaldialdeído (OPA), cromatografia líquida ultrarrápida de alta eficiência em fase reversa (RP-UFLC) e eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida-dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE) foram realizadas para avaliar a degradação proteica nas amostras ao longo do processamento e armazenamento. O soro contendo o microrganismo L. rhamnosus (C4) foi o que obteve pH mais baixo (4,83) e acidez mais alta (0,637g de ácido lático/100 g) após 7 dias de armazenamento. A viabilidade de Lactobacillus sp. em todos os tratamentos (C1, C2, C3 e C4) obedeceram aos critérios nacionais para alimentos probióticos, mantendo-se acima de 9 log UFC na porção diária recomendada (200 ml). O método NIR mostrou-se adequado no método de calibração para os valores de Lactobacillus sp.; no entanto, faz-se necessária quantidade maior de amostras de cada tratamento para melhorar a performance dos modelos de calibração e na construção de modelos de predição a serem realizados em trabalhos posteriores. O teor proteico foi próximo de 25 mg/g em todos os tratamentos durante todos os períodos de amostragem e, portanto, sem diferenças significativas entre eles (p > 0,05). Os cromatogramas do soro reconstituído sem adição da cultura apresentaram diferenças em relação àqueles obtidos para os tempos TI, TF, D1 e D7 em todos os tratamentos, provavelmente devido ao tratamento térmico aplicado nas amostras antes da adição das culturas. O grau de proteólise não diferiu significativamente entre os tratamentos (p > 0,05); entretanto, pela análise do conjunto de resultados obtidos, incluindo os dados de cromatografia e eletroforese para o tratamento C1, no qual houve o aparecimento de frações com baixo peso molecular, verificou-se uma tendência de maior atividade proteolítica no soro contendo a cultura probiótica L. casei BGP93.
Cobra, Paulo Falco. "Aplicações de ressonância magnética nuclear em estudos metabolômicos de processos biológicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-01022017-151437/.
Full textNMR is one of the main techniques used in metabolic profile studies because it is a quantitative, highly reproducible and non-selective technique. Thus, the aim of this thesis was the application of NMR in metabolic studies of different biological processes. The first application was the analysis of the metabolomic and metabonomic profile of the causative agents of leishmaniasis. Cell extracts of the species Leishmania major and Leishmania donovani and extracts of these species grown with miltefosine and paromomycin drugs were analyzed. 1H spectra were analyzed by ChenoMX software and 2D spectra by TopSpin software and HMDB and BMRB databases. About 50 metabolites were identified, such as adenine, arginine, glutamine, glutamate, mannose, isoleucine, leucine and tyrosine. Chemometric techniques were used to investigate the metabolites responsible for the differentiation of the two species and between cultures with and without drugs. The second study was with methylglyoxal molecule. The presence of methylglyoxal in cheese contributes to browning and deterioration of flavor, even at low temperatures. For this reason, products of the addition of methylglyoxal in Parmesan cheese extract and the behavior of different species of lactobacilli in the presence and absence of methylglyoxal in Parmesan cheese extract were studied. The results allowed a better understanding of the reactions involved between this molecule and the components of the cheese, which will help find alternatives to solve the problem and increase the shelf life of the cheese. The third study was about the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The objective of this study was to genetically modify a lactobacillus species to produce ethanol and analyze the post-fermentation thin stillage. NMR spectra showed that the modified bacteria are efficient in production of ethanol and that two sugars were erroneously being identified by chromatography as maltose and maltotriose when they actually were trehalose and arabinose. These studies showed part of the numerous applications that NMR has in metabolomics and that there are several statistical tools available to assist in metabolomic studies.
[Orientador], Magali Soares dos Santos Pozza. "Análise da variabilidade genética, susceptibilidade a condições do trato gastrointestinal e fermentação de oligofrutose, inulina e goma acácia por isolados de lactobacilos." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, 2006. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000118266.
Full textThree assays were carried out for this study. The aim of the first assay was to compare by genetic and phenotypic parameter the Lactobacillus strains isolated from infant feces. The RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique was applied for molecular identification among seventy isolated colonies, and eight isolates were pre-selected. The RAPD technique results demonstrated that the strains grouped into four clusters, and a high similarity was verified in one of these clusters. The second assay was carried out to evaluate in vitro, the resistance of 30 strains to the specific gastrointestinal tract barriers, like bile salts, acidity and phenol tolerance. Two commercial probiotic bacteria were also compared in the same stress conditions. Eight strains were selected for bile salts resistance; however they demonstrated different levels of phenol and acidity tolerance, but they were able to grow in 0.3% phenol. The aim of the third assay was to verify the oligossacharides fermentation by eigth selected strains, as well as the resistance of these strains to antibiotics commonly used in humans. In this experiment, was used MRS medium, substituting the glucose by 1% of oligofructose, inulin or acacia gum. For the antibiogram, diffusion test was used. The obtained results evidenced that all strains were able to use oligofructose, inulin or acacia gum in MRS broth, allowing the use of those in symbiotic products. Six strains were chloramphenicol and tetracycline sensitive and all isolated were resistant to streptomycin, however it was not determined if these characteristics were intrinsic or acquired.
Rodrigues, Marcela Zonta. "Obtenção de revestimentos comestíveis a base de pectina como veículo para micro- organismos probióticos e aplicação em cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2017. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/15956.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
As culturas probióticas estão disponíveis para o consumidor, principalmente, em produtos lácteos. Contudo o interesse pela incorporação destes micro-organismos em outras bases alimentares é crescente. As matrizes vegetais são boa alternativa para a incorporação destes micro-organismos, no entanto é necessário o desenvolvimento de diferentes técnicas para inserir as bactérias probióticas em vegetais. Esta pesquisa objetivou desenvolver revestimento comestível a base de pectina de baixa metoxilação para veicular micro-organismos probióticos em cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas. Na primeira etapa do estudo, foi produzido o revestimento a base de pectina de baixa metoxilação, sendo os tratamentos controle e adicionados de bactérias probióticas (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3, Lactobacillus plantarum (CH6072 e L286), Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3 em combinação com Lactobacillus plantarum (CH6072 e L286), Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3 em combinação com Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1 e Lactobacillus plantarum (CH6072 e L286) em combinação com Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1). Os revestimentos comestíveis foram avaliados quanto à sua estabilidade microbiológica (viabilidade e resistência às condições gastrointestinais simuladas in vitro das culturas probióticas e atividade antimicrobiana frente à Listeria innocua ATCC33090 e Escherichia coli ATCC11229), física (viscosidade, cor, índice de brancura e turbidez) e química (pH) durante 12 dias de armazenamento. Na segunda etapa do estudo, avaliou-se a aplicação do revestimento comestível em cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas e a estabilidade dos produtos obtidos armazenados a 4 °C. Cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas contendo os revestimentos comestíveis foram avaliadas quanto a qualidade microbiológica, viabilidade e resistência às condições gastrointestinais in vitro dos probióticos, microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), perda de massa, firmeza, composição da cor, pH, acidez total titulável e teor de sólidos solúveis totais. O revestimento comestível apresentou-se como bom carreador de bactérias probióticas, além de alguns tratamentos apresentarem atividade antimicrobiana. A adição de bactérias probióticas ao revestimento comestível alterou (p<0,05) pH, cor, índice de brancura e turbidez. As bactérias probióticas apresentaram-se viáveis quando os revestimentos comestíveis foram adicionados as cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas. A MEV mostrou que as bactérias probióticas apresentaram-se bem distribuídas por toda a superfície da cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas revestidas. A adição do revestimento cometível às fatias de cenoura e goiaba minimamente processadas não alterou (p>0,05) a qualidade microbiológica e as características físicas e químicas dos produtos avaliados. Portanto, o revestimento comestível a base de pectina de baixa metoxilação contendo bactérias probióticas é uma boa alternativa para veicular estes micro-organismos, através dos vegetais minimamente processados, até o consumidor.
The probiotic cultures are available for the consumer especially in dairy products. However, the interest by the incorporation of these microorganisms in other food bases is growing. The vegetables matrices are a good alternative for the incorporation of these micro-organisms, it is necessary to the development of different techniques to deliver the probiotic bacteria to vegetables. The objective of this research was to develop low methoxylated pectin based edible coating to deliver probiotic microorganisms to minimally processed carrots and guavas. In the first stage of the study, low methoxylation pectin edible coating was produced, control treatment and addition of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3, Lactobacillus plantarum (CH6072 e L286), Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3 in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum (CH6072 e L286), Lactobacillus acidophilus LA3 in combination with Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1 e Lactobacillus plantarum (CH6072 e L286) in combination with Lactobacillus paracasei BGP1). The edible coatings were evaluated for their microbiological stability (viability and resistance to simulated in vitro gastrointestinal conditions of probiotic cultures and antimicrobial activity against Listeria innocua ATCC33090 and Escherichia coli ATCC11229), physical (viscosity, color, whiteness index and turbidity) and chemical (pH) for 12 days storage. In the second stage of the study, were evaluated the application of the edible coating in minimally processed carrots and guavas and the stability of the obtained products stored at 4 ° C. Minimally processed carrots and guavas containing the edible coatings were evaluated for microbiological quality, viability and resistance in vitro gastrointestinal conditions of probiotics, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), loss of mass, firmness, color composition, pH, titratable total acidity and total soluble solids content. The edible coating presented as a good carrier of probiotic bacteria, in addition to some treatments presenting antimicrobial activity. The addition of probiotic bacteria to the edible coating altered (p<0.05) pH, color, whiteness index and tubidity. Probiotic bacteria were viable when edible coatings were added to minimally processed carrots and guavas. SEM showed that probiotic bacteria were well distributed throughout the surface of minimally processed coated carrot and guava. The addition of the edible coating minimally processed carrot and guava did not modify (p> 0.05) the microbiological quality and the physical and chemical characteristics of the evaluated products. Therefore, the low methoxylation pectin edible coating containing probiotic bacteria is a good alternative for transference these microorganisms through minimally processed vegetables to the consumer.
Jin, Su. "Physiological characteristics and applications of Lactobacillus pentosus strains in selected dairy products." AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/55/22/70/PDF/These_Su_JIN.pdf.
Full textTwo Lactobacillus pentosus strains, Ind1 and Ind3, were isolated from a traditional Chinese cheese product called Naigeda, collected from Xinjiang region of China. Since there is little information regarding the probiotic properties of L. Pentosus strains, this study was designed to provide more supporting data for L. Pentosus as a potential probiotic strain application. The physiological properties of the two L. Pentosus strains, Ind1 and Ind3, such as the in vitro test on the intolerance under the gastro-intestinal environment, the ability of adherence on the intestinal epithelium were studied. Their intolerance as well as inhibition and degradation ability under presence of pre-carcinogenic substances existing in human gut such as phenol, p-cresol and indole at different concentrations were also determined. The effects of the two L. Pentosus strains on modulation of the mice intestinal micro flora, by oral administration of 109cfu/ml of strains in 0. 5ml of skim milk, were investigated: the amounts of Lactobacillus spp. , Bifidobacterium spp. , Enterobacilli, Enterococcus and Clostridium perfringens in the feces of mice during and after the feeding of probiotic strains were counted. Furthermore, the technological properties of the two L. Pentosus strains on their GABA producing ability were studied: the medium and process parameters optimization was carried out in order to try to obtain the highest GABA content in the fermented dairy products. Results showed that the two L. Pentosus strains had high survival rates (higher than 90% in acid and 80% in bile solution). The adhesive ability is strain independent: Ind3 adherence was comparable with those of two commercial probiotic strains (NCFM and Lp115). Ind1 and Ind3 showed good resistance mutagenic substances phenol, p-cresol, indole at concentration below 150 μg/mL). Ind1 and Ind3 also showed certain effect on promoting the increase of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria counts, and inhibiting the growth of Enterobacilli and Clostridium in mice gut. These results displayed positive properties that the two L. Pentosus strains can be good candidates to be used as probiotic strains potentially used in dietary supplement application or Chinese-style dairy products
Allain, Thibault. "Rôle des Bile Salt Hydrolases (BSH) des lactobacilles probiotiques dans le contrôle de la giardiose." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AGPT0018.
Full textGiardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite responsible for giardiasis, the most common intestinal parasitic disease worldwide. This infection is characterized by intestinal malabsorption, diarrhea, weight loss and abdominal pain in humans and various mammalian species. Besides, this disease has a high veterinary and public health impact, leading to important nutritional deficiencies in young subjects. The infection is caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with infectious cysts of the parasite. Giardia cysts can survive for several weeks in the environment and are highly resistant to disinfectants. Giardia excysts in the intestinal tracts of its host and replicates under the trophozoite stage causing the symptoms. Trophozoites adhere to the intestinal epithelium of the small intestine and multiply, causing the symptoms. The cycle ends by a new encystment and infectious cysts are released in environments with feces. The increasing number of giardiasis cases, mainly due to water contaminations, the emergence of parasite strains resistant to drugs and therapeutic failures, make research on alternative therapeutic strategies and treatments highly needed. Nowadays, it is well known that the microbiota and probiotics play an important role in protection against this parasite. For instance, the probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 (LjLa1) prevents the establishment of Giardia in vitro and in vivo. In this thesis, we have tried to point out the molecular mechanism(s) involved in this inhibitory effect(s). We showed in vitro that LjLa1 was releasing "Bile Salt Hydrolases" (BSH) – like activities that modify some components of bile (conjugated bile salts) into toxic compounds (deconjugated bile salts) for Giardia. We have cloned and expressed each of the three bsh genes present in the genome of LjLa1 in Escherichia coli in order to study their enzymatic and biological properties. Two BSH were obtained as recombinant active enzymes and biochemical tests showed that they have distinct substrate specificities despite similar predicted 3D structures. Moreover, these two BSHs of LjLa1 exhibited anti-giardial effects in vitro and in vivo in a murine model of the giardiasis (OF1suckling mice), comforting the hypothesis of the biological role of active BSH, derived from probiotics, against Giardia. A wide collection of diverse lactobacilli strains was screened to assess their effectiveness to also display both anti-giardial and BSH activities. This screening allowed the identification of several strains exhibiting strong anti-giardial effects such as Lactobacillus gasseri CNCM I-4884. In a murine model of giardiasis, this strain dramatically reduced the parasite burden in the small intestine of treated animals and significantly reduced the number of cysts in the colon, which could contribute to blockage of parasite transmission in environments. Additional studies were realized in parallel in order to explore the potency of lactobacilli to exert beneficial effects on health. For this, molecular tools were successfully developed in various lactobacilli strains to express and deliver therapeutic molecules at mucosal surfaces. The development of these tools will further allow the overexpression of BSH by lactobacilli to increase their in vivo BSH-activity and strengthen the elimination of the parasite. Altogether, this thesis work proposes new original therapeutic strategies against human and animal giardiasis, based on the use of BSH-positive lactobacilli strains or recombinant BSH- derived from probiotic strains, to counteract the frequent therapeutic failures, offering a serious alternative to antibiotics
Regulski, Krzysztof. "Influence of peptidoglycan metabolism on immunomodulatory properties of Lactobacillus casei." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112313.
Full textPeptidoglycan (PG) is the major component of the Gram-positive bacteria cell wall. It ensures bacterial cell shape and integrity. PG or PG-derived fragments have been shown to stimulate the host innate immune system, through Nod-2 receptors. In this work, we studied the influence of PG metabolism on immunomodulatory properties of Lactobacillus casei BL23, mainly its ability to modulate the response of human dendritic cells (DCs).We have first characterized the main peptidoglycan hydrolases (PGHs) of L. casei BL23. In silico search revealed that L. casei BL23 has a rather complex PGH complement including thirteen predicted PGHs with various catalytic domains. Proteomic analysis of bacterial cell wall extracts revealed the expression of seven of them during bacterial growth. We characterized four of them in details. Lc-p75 is the major PGH with a γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-endopeptidase specificity and is responsible for daughter cell separation. Lc-p75 associated to the cell wall localizes at the cell septa. It is also one of the major secreted proteins of L. casei found in culture supernatant. Besides, we showed that L. casei Lc-p75 is a glycosylated protein. Lc-p40 is a PGH with a CHAP-domain endowed with endopeptidase hydrolytic specificity toward peptidoglycan cross-bridges and appears to localize on lateral cell wall. Lc-p45 is a second γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl endopeptidase with a role in cell shape maintenance. We further demonstrated that two prophage endolysins Lc-Lys and Lc-Lys2, encoded in L. casei BL23 genome, share a common novel type peptidoglycan-binding domain that recognizes specifically D-Asn cross-bridge, present in L. casei BL23 peptidoglycan.Deletion of the two endopeptidases, Lc-75 and Lc-p45, resulted in a complete loss ofdisaccharide-dipeptide, which is a ligand of Nod-2 receptor, in the muropeptide structure of L. casei BL23, whereas deletion of Lc-p75 gene led only to a reduction of disaccharide dipeptide. The two PGH-mutants, obtained by deletion of Lc-p75 gene alone or both Lc-p75 and Lc-p45 endopeptidase genes were compared with wild type L. casei BL23 for their capacity to stimulate signaling pathways in vitro in DCs derived from human monocytes. As a consequence of DC activation by L. casei strains, four pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and TNF-α were produced. The concentrations of secreted cytokines in response to the single Lc-p75 and Lc-p75/p45 double mutant were lower than those induced by wild type L. casei BL23.In conclusion, L. casei BL23 has a complex PGH complement. The PGHs described in this work present unique features and play important role in cell division and morphology of L. casei. Our results indicate that wild type L. casei and endopeptidase-negative mutants, which differ in their PGH content and in their PG structure, have distinct effects on human DCs, with a higher anti-inflammatory character of the endopeptidase-negative mutants
Lönnermark, Elisabet. "Lactobacilli in the normal microbiota and probiotic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum /." Göteborg : Department of Infectious Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/21480.
Full textBianchi, Fernanda [UNESP]. "Desenvolvimento e avaliação em simulador do ecossistema microbiano humano de uma bebida simbiótica à base de extratos aquosos de quinoa (chenopodium quinoa willd) e de soja." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88333.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O conhecimento da população, em relação a uma alimentação mais saudável e nutritiva, tem levado o aumento da procura por alimentos funcionais e que proporcionem uma melhor qualidade de vida. Em função deste interesse, pesquisas que comprovem os benefícios do consumo desses novos produtos tornam-se essenciais. O objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver uma nova bebida fermentada, potencialmente simbiótica, fermentada com Lactobacillus casei Lc-01 e adicionado de fruto-oligossacarídeo à base de extratos aquosos de quinoa e de soja e avaliar sua ação sob a microbiota intestinal por meio de sistema in vitro. O trabalho foi dividido em duas fazes, na Fase I, cinco formulações com diferentes proporções de extrato aquoso de soja e de quinoa foram testadas. A viabilidade do micro-organismo nas bebidas, assim como os valores de pH e de acidez foram monitorados até o 28º dia de estocagem a 5ºC. Foram também analisadas a composição química dos extratos e das bebidas elaboradas, bem como as propriedades reológicas e sensoriais dos produtos finais. Embora tenha ocorrido um aumento na acidez e um declínio no pH durante os 28 dias de armazenamento das bebidas, o micro-organismo probiótico manteve uma população de 108 UFC.mL-1 para todas as bebidas durante o período experimental. Houve um aumento na viscosidade e na consistência nas bebidas com maior proporção de extrato de quinoa (F1 e F2). A formulação F4 (com 70% extrato de soja- 30% extrato de quinoa) mostrou a menor curva de histerese. As formulações F4 e F5 (com 100% extrato de soja) obtiveram melhor aceitação sensorial e F4 maior intenção de compra. Com relação a composição físico-química, a formulação F3 (com 50% extrato de soja- 50% extrato de quinoa) e F4 mostraram resultados mais próximos aos das bebidas fermentadas à base de soja encontradas na literatura...
The conscience of the population, regarding to a healthier diet, has led to an increase in the demand for functional foods, providing, this way, a better quality of life. Because of this interest, researches demonstrating the benefic consumption of these new products become essential. The aim of this study was to develop a new potentially synbiotic beverage, fermented with Lactobacillus casei Lc-01 and with added fructo-oligosaccharide, based on aqueous extracts of quinoa and soy and to assess its influence on the intestinal microbiota through an in vitro system. The project was divided into two phases, in phase I, five formulations with different proportions of aqueous extract of soy and quinoa were tested. The viability of the microorganism in beverages, as well as the pH and acidity were monitored during 28 days of storage at 5◦C. It was also analyzed the chemical composition of the extracts and beverages as well as the rheological and sensorial properties of the final products. Although there was an increase in acidity and a decline in pH during the 28 days of storage, the probiotic microorganism maintained a population of 108 UFC/mL for all beverage during the experimental period. There was an increase in viscosity and consistency in beverages with higher proportion of quinoa extract (F1 and F2). The formulation F4 (70% soy extract- 30% quinoa extract) showed the lowest hysteresis curve. The formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) obtained the best sensory acceptance, and F4, the higher intention to purchase. Regarding to physical and chemical composition, formulation F3 (with 50% soy extract-50% quinoa extract) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages. Beverage F4 was considered the best beverage developed and, therefore, had its efficacy analyzed from the Simulator Human Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME), phase II of the project... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Harris, Lyle Keenan. "Comparison of plasmids from clinical Lactobacillus strains." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6439.
Full textThe vaginal mucosa is dominated by Gram positive, rod shaped lactobacilli which serve as a natural barrier against infection. In both healthy and BV infected women Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus jensennii has been found to be the predominant Lactobacillus species. Many studies have been conducted to assess factors influencing lactobacilli dominance in the vaginal microbiome. However, no study has evaluated the impact of plasmids on the vaginal lactobacilli. In the present study two plasmids, pLc17 and pLc4, isolated from vaginal Lactobacillus species of both healthy and BV infected women were characterized. pLc4 was present in both Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus jensennii while pLc17 was only present in Lactobacillus crispatus. pLc17 (16663 bp in size) encoded a ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase (RNR), a filamentation induced by cAMP-like (FIC-like) protein and numerous mobile elements.
Storelli, Gilles. "Caractérisation de l’interaction mutualiste liant Drosophila melanogaster à son symbionte Lactobacillus plantarum." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1041.
Full textSymbiotic bacterial populations (also called the “microbiota”) have a dramatic impact on their host’s physiology. However, our understanding of the mechanisms shaping host/microbes mutualism remains limited. We took advantage of Drosophila tractability to characterize the host’s and the microbial factors engaged in mutualism. During my PhD, I focused on the impact of the microbiota during the Drosophila larval phase, which constitutes its juvenile growth period. Drosophila larval phase is influenced by nutrition, but also by symbiotic microbes: specific association with the bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum buffers the deleterious effects of nutrient scarcity on the host’s juvenile growth, by sustaining greater growth rates and hastening maturation. L.plantarum mediate these effects by modulating the activity of the steroid hormone Ecdysone and the Insulin/Insulin-like Signaling pathway in its host. In return, L.plantarum benefits from Drosophila presence, as larvae ensure its long-term persistence in the niche (the niche being the nutritive substrate, the larvae and the bacteria dwelling on it). To characterize the mechanisms engaged in this mutualistic relationship, we described the host’s transcriptomic and metabolic responses to L.plantarum presence and characterized the metabolic perturbations occurring in the niche. Our results put forward the optimization of amino-acids extraction from the nutritive substrate as a cornerstone of mutualism. L.plantarum activates the expression of the host’s digestive proteases via IMD/NF-κB signaling and would benefit in return from an enhanced AA availability, which would help sustaining its long-term persistence. Altogether, our studies contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms regulating host/microbiota interaction and could lead to numerous therapeutic applications, notably aiming at counteracting the deleterious effects of nutritional imbalances
Diana, Pérez Marina. "Desarrollo de un pan de masa madre rico en GABA y péptidos IECA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284604.
Full textThe use of dough containing naturally occurring lactobacilli and yeasts produces bread with a notable improvement in nutritional and sensorial characteristics, including the aroma, taste and texture of both the crust and the crumb, and also increases the useful life of the bread. From this stems the project to obtain a new bread formulation using such a dough that is functionally active and contributes to providing a healthy foodstuff with beneficial properties. To this end we studied the possibility of substituting the sodium (Na) by potassium (K) in bread formulations and the inclusion of biologically active molecules with a scientifically demonstrated hypotensive effect. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid with numerous physiological functions including playing a role in the regulation of blood pressure. Intake of food rich in GABA and a reduction in its salt content may help reduce blood pressure. Therefore, this project brings together two basic conditions for the production of a bread made using dough containing naturally occurring lactobacilli and yeasts which heightens the taste of the bread and furthermore offers the possibility that this dough also contains bioactive substances such as GABA and angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In the first study lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Spanish artisanal cheeses in order to obtain strains that produce large amounts of GABA. The strains were subjected to qualitative and quantitative tests to evaluate their capacity to synthesise GABA. After selection of the best strain, Lactobacillus brevis CECT 8183, it was used to produce a dough optimised for the production of GABA. In another study a bread was produced with the experimental dough, rich in GABA, and it was compared with other commercially available breads in terms of amino acid, biogenic amine and acrylamide contents as the main nitrogen-derived compounds. These results could contribute to improving the health benefits of breads enriched in GABA and to raising awareness of the strain Lactobacillus brevis CECT 8183 as a starter ingredient for the production of foodstuffs rich in GABA.
Sandoval, Valdés María Francisca. "Efecto del consumo de leche enriquecida con probióticos lactobacilos en la concentración salival de Beta Defensina Humana 3 en niños pre-escolares : Ensayo clínico randomizado por conglomerados, triple ciego." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148882.
Full textEl uso de bacterias probióticas para la prevención de caries se basa en la modulación que hacen estas bacterias de los principales microorganismos cariogénicos presentes en el biofilm oral. Además existe evidencia que a nivel intestinal son capaces de estimular la inmunidad innata, a nivel oral no se conoce si estas bacterias poseen un efecto en los elementos del sistema inmune innato, específicamente en la concentración de HβD-3, es por esto que el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue determinar la concentración salival de HβD-3 en niños pre- escolares que consumieron, durante 14 meses, leche enriquecida con Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1, y compararlas con niños que consumieron la leche sin el probiótico. En este estudio clínico participaron pre-escolares de 2 a 3 años pertenecientes a Jardines Infantiles de la Fundación Integra del área Metropolitana Nor-Poniente. Cada grupo, control y experimental, estaba formado por 21 niños, ambos consumieron 150 mL de leche en polvo parcialmente descremada al 12% (Macro FoodS.SA.© ), adicionalmente el grupo experimental consumió la leche suplementada con 10⁷ UFC/mL de Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1. El consumo de la leche fue durante la tarde los 5 días de la semana que los niños asistieron al jardín, y fue preparada previa capacitación, por las manipuladoras de alimentos de cada establecimiento. Al inicio y a los 14 meses de consumo de la leche se recolectaron muestras de saliva no estimulada, la cual fue utilizada para medir la concentración salival de HβD-3, mediante test de ELISA. La concentración salival de HβD-3 se presentó altamente variable en la población, en el grupo control o placebo fue de 373,49 +- 541,82 pg/mL y en el grupo experimental o probiótico fue de 597,91 +- 743,28 pg/mL y a los 14 meses fue de 370 +- 468,97 pg/mL y 126,29 +- 69,3 respectivamente. En el grupo control la concentración salival no varía con el consumo del probiótico (p>0,05) y en el grupo probiótico se produce un descenso de 471,6 +/-745,5 (p<0,05). Nuestros datos sugieren que el consumo regular durante 14 meses de leche enriquecida con Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1 disminuye la concentración salival de HβD-3.
Lamarque, Mauld. "Spécificité du transport et de l'hydrolyse des peptides chez les bactéries lactiques : aspects nutritionnel et moléculaire." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10213.
Full textBadet, Cécile. "Etude quantitative, par pHmétrie libre et stabilisée, de la production acide de trois lactobacilles d'origine buccale." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2OND2.
Full textAoudia, Nabil. "Caractérisation de l'impact de la croissance en biofilm sur l'activité probiotique de souches du genre Lactobacillus." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS017.
Full textAn in vitro approach was used to study biofilm formation by bacterial strains with probiotic properties and belonging to the Lactobacillus genus. We also evaluated the impact of stress conditions mimicking the intestinal environment on biofilm formation for all of these strains. The antagonistic effects of supernatants from cultures in biofilm or planktonic conditions against food-borne pathogens were apprehended. This growth mode generates an antagonistic effect accentuated for some of them. Among the selection criteria of interest probiotic bacteria, the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics are often sought. L. casei ATCC334 known for its anti-inflammatory effects was selected for our study. Using the model cell line THP-1 and in the presence of LPS, the culture supernatant of L. casei ATCC334 grown in biofilm was found to have an anti-inflammatory effect much greater than planktonic cultures. An approach using immunological and biochemical techniques has allowed the identification of the active substances responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of this strain. Using the zebrafish model, we showed the colonization of the gut of the larvae and confirmed the anti-inflammatory role of L. casei ATCC334 with a decreased production of pro-inflammatory interleukins, and increased IL-10 production. Recruitment of fluorescent macrophages measured by flow cytometry was also mitigated in larvae fed previously by probotic in the presence of an inflammatory agent. The major result of this study is the identification of the GroEL protein that contributes significantly to anti-inflammatory effect of the strain L. casei ATCC334 when it is grown in biofilm
Melo, Maria Julia Araújo Feitosa. "Utilização de aditivos na silagem de capim tanzânia." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6384.
Full textVarious additives have been used to minimize the negative effects during the fermentation process, including Lactobacillus buchneri and / or nutritional additives such as corn meal, dry molasses, urea and lime for the purpose of improving the nutritional value and aerobic stability silages. Thus, the present study was aimed at the use of additives in silage Tanzania, they were mounted two experiments. In the first study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of grass silage Tanzania treated with different additives. The treatments were: Tanzania grass silage without additive (SSA); silage with 15% corn meal (SFM); silage with 15% molasses powder (EMS); silage inoculant based on Lactobacillus buchneri (SLB); silage additives Association: 7.5% of corn meal, 5% molasses powder, 1.1% urea, 1.1% limestone, 0.30% crushed annatto seeds and inoculant (SA1); silage additives Association: 10% of corn meal; 2.93% powdered molasses, 1.1% urea, 0.65% limestone, 0.32% of annatto seeds and inoculant (SA2). Arranged in a randomized experimental design with five replications. The content of DM (dry matter), NFC (non fibrous carbohydrate), DMS (dry matter digestibility) and TDN (total digestible nutrient) were higher in silages with additives. Silages containing additives SA1 and SA2 associations achieved the largest reductions in NDF and ADF fractions. The additives influenced the ATT where EMS had a higher acidity and lower the SLB. The associations of additives have positive synergistic effect to reduce NDF and ADF, improve NDT end of silage. The second trial was conducted to evaluate the aerobic stability of silage Tanzania treated with chemical and biological additives. The treatments were: silage without additive Tanzania (SSA); silage with 15% corn meal (SFM); silage 15% molasses (EMS); silage 2.17% urea (SUR): silage 2.17% limestone (SCA); Lactobacillus buchneri (SLB); silage Association SA1 additives: 7.5% corn flour, 5% molasses powder, 1.1% urea, 1.1% limestone, 0.30% annatto seeds; silage additives association SA2 (same proportion of SA1 over the inclusion of SLB); silage additives association SA3: 10% corn meal; 2.93% molasses powder, 1.1% urea, 0.65% limestone, 0.32% of annatto seeds; silage Association SA4 additives (same proportion of SA3 over the inclusion of SLB). he use of additives reduced the losses by effluent and gases. There was variation in dry matter values were higher in treated silages. PH results showed the interaction between treatments having desirable initial values. The breakdown of stability occurred 72, 84, 96 and 96 hours after opening the silos for SSA, SME, SLB and SA4, respectively. The combination of additives provides positive synergy and promotes greater resistance to aerobic deterioration of silage.
Diversos aditivos vêm sendo utilizados para minimizar os efeitos negativos durante o processo fermentativo, dentre eles o Lactobacillus buchneri e/ou aditivos nutritivos como fubá de milho, melaço em pó, uréia e calcário com a finalidade de melhorar o valor nutritivo e a estabilidade aeróbia das silagens. Dessa forma, o presente estudo foi realizado objetivando o uso de aditivos na silagem de capim Tanzânia, em foram montados dois experimentos. No primeiro trabalho objetivou-se analisar a composição químico-bromatológica da silagem de capim Tanzânia tratada com diferentes aditivos. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: silagem de capim Tanzânia sem aditivo (SSA); silagem com 15% fubá de milho (SFM); silagem com 15% de melaço em pó (SME); silagem com inoculante à base de Lactobacillus Buchneri (SLB); silagem com associação de aditivos: 7,5% de fubá de milho, 5% melaço em pó, 1,1% uréia, 1,1% calcário, 0,30% sementes de urucum trituradas e inoculante (SA1); silagem com associação de aditivos: 10% de fubá de milho; 2,93% de melaço em pó, 1,1% uréia, 0,65% calcário, 0,32% de sementes de urucum e inoculante (SA2). Dispostos em um delineamento experimental ao acaso com cinco repetições. Os teores de MS (matéria seca), CNF (carboidrato não fibroso), DMS (digestibilidade da matéria seca) e NDT (nutriente digestível total) foram maiores nas silagens com aditivos. As silagens contendo associações de aditivos SA1 e SA2 obtiveram as maiores reduções nas frações FDN e FDA. Os aditivos influenciaram a ATT, onde SME obteve maior acidez e SLB a menor. As associações dos aditivos apresentam efeito sinérgico positivo para reduzir FDN e FDA, melhorar o NDT final da silagem. O segundo ensaio foi realizado objetivando avaliar a estabilidade aeróbia da silagem de capim Tanzânia tratadas com aditivos químicos e biológicos. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: silagem de capim Tanzânia sem aditivo (SSA); silagem com 15% fubá de milho (SFM); silagem 15% de melaço (SME); silagem 2,17% de uréia (SUR): silagem 2,17% de calcário (SCA); Lactobacillus Buchneri (SLB); silagem com associação de aditivos SA1: 7,5% fubá de milho, 5% melaço em pó, 1,1% uréia, 1,1% calcário, 0,30% sementes de urucum; silagem com associação de aditivos SA2 (mesma proporção da SA1 mais a inclusão de SLB); silagem com associação de aditivos SA3: 10% fubá de milho; 2,93% melaço em pó, 1,1% uréia, 0,65% calcário, 0,32% de sementes de urucum; silagem com associação de aditivos SA4 (mesma proporção da SA3 mais a inclusão de SLB). A utilização dos aditivos reduziram as perdas por efluentes e por gases. Houve variação nos teores de matéria seca apresentando maiores valores nas silagens aditivadas. Os resultados de pH apresentaram interação entre os tratamentos havendo valores iniciais desejáveis. A quebra da estabilidade ocorreu 72, 84, 96 e 96 horas após abertura dos silos para SSA, SME, SLB e SA4, respectivamente. A associação dos aditivos apresenta sinergia positiva e promove maior resistência a deterioração aeróbia das silagens.
Al, Kassaa Imad. "Recherche et caractérisation du potentiel antiviral et probiotique de nouvelles souches de bactéries lactiques d'origine vaginale." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10096/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to determine the diversity of Lactobacillus species in vaginal flora in samples from Lebanese women and to evaluate the antagonistic effect of these strains against several vaginal pathogens in women. Thus, of the 135 samples collected, 53 isolates were isolated and identified by the gallery API50 CH (BioMerieux, France) and by pyrosequencing of the variable regions (V1 and V2) of the 16S rDNA gene. The results showed a large discrepancy between the two methods used. The antagonism results obtained showed the presence of 7 antagonistic strains against four pathogenic strains. The complete identification of these strains was confirmed by complete sequencing of the 16S gene (16S rDNA). Note that L. plantarum CMUL140 showed a strong anti-S. aureus activity and was used in a co-culture test. In addition to the potential antagonism of these lactobacilli, we looked at other features that can help in using these strains as probiotics. Therefore, we evaluated their probiotic and safe characteristics. To assess the antiviral effect of these three isolates, cytotoxicity and adhesion tests were performed on a "Vero cell" cell line. The results showed that none of three isolates were cytotoxic and carried a strong adhesion. Antiviral activity in vitro was evaluated against the herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) and CVBE4 as virus control. In order to investigate the anti-HSV-2 activity of lactobacilli, the strains were added to the infected cells at different intervals: pre-infection, co-incubation and post-infection. L.gasseri CMUL57 showed the strongest anti-HSV-2 activity and showed the capacity to trap HSV-2 on their cell wall
Zacarchenco, Patricia Blumer. "Leites fermentados por streptococcus thermophilus adicionados de lactobacillus acidophilus e bifidobacterium longum : isolamento diferencial dos microrganismos, multiplicação em diferentes condições e efeitos nas caracteristicas sensoriais dos leites fermentados naturais ou modificados." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255590.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Doutorado
Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos
Indelicato, Claire-Emmanuelle. "Caractérisation des mécanismes impliqués dans la promotion de croissance de la Drosophile par Lactobacillus plantarum." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN094/document.
Full textIntestinal microbiota can modulate virtually all aspects of their host physiology, and particularly, digestion and metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms at play remain largely unknown. To tackle this question, we use a simple gnotobiotic model: Drosophila larvae monoassociated with one of its major natural symbiont, Lactobacillus plantarum. Previous work from our group showed that L. plantarum promotes the juvenile growth of larvae facing a protein scarcity, thereby dampening the deleterious effect of the nutrient deficiency on larval growth. This growth enhancement partially relies on the upregulation of intestinal proteases, as well as on the modulation of the host TOR (Target Of Rapamycin) pathway by the symbionts. My thesis work aimed at unraveling other host genetic mechanisms involved in the interaction between Drosophila and L. plantarum during growth. Our work showed that host natural genomic variations affect the fly physiologic response to L. plantarum. Furthermore, the bases of our work enabled to unveil a novel role of intestinal bacteria, revealing their ability to act as a genetic buffer to compensate the growth impairments due to the fly genetic background. In addition, L. plantarum decreases the phenotypic variations in various host fitness traits (growth, organ size, timing to pupariation) and it also confers robustness to organ patterning. Finally, we showed that the TGF-β ligand, Dawdle plays an important regulatory role on digestive enzymes in a protein-deficient nutritional context, and that this regulation can be inhibitory or activating depending on the microbial environment
Lagrafeuille, Rosyne. "Activités anti-biofilm de Lactobacillus vis-à-vis de Klebsiella Pneumoniae." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF1PP03/document.
Full textIn the natural environment microorganisms are organized in aggregated communities called biofilms, which are particularly adapted to the survival in harsh conditions. The difficulties to prevent the formation or elimination of mature biofilms by conventional strategies have encouraged the development of new approaches inspired by competition mechanisms occurring between microorganisms within natural biofilms.In this work, we looked for anti-biofilm effects of beneficial bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genus. We first tested the anti-biofilm effect of neutralized supernatants against both pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis in a static experimental model. The few Bifidobacterium extracts tested led to an increase in biofilm formation by K. pneumoniae on abiotic surface, whereas the majority of the 140 strains of Lactobacillus exerted an inhibitory effect. Lactobacillus plantarum CIRM653 was selected for further experiments because its culture supernatant displayed major inhibition (70%). This extract was also capable of dispersing preformed biofilms of K. pneumoniae on abiotic surface, but also able to inhibit biofilm formation on biotic surface, independently of a bactericidal effect. The formation of mixed biofilm containing L. plantarum and K. pneumoniae in kinetic experimental models highlighted the biofilm structure defects associated with a decrease of K. pneumoniae biomass and an increase of that of L. plantarum, compared to a monospecies K. pneumoniae biofilm. Targeted transcriptional approach was used to assess changes in the expression of genes involved in biofilm formation by K. pneumoniae after contact with L. plantarum supernatant. Four genes involved in quorum-sensing (operons lsr) were under-expressed and three type 3 pili structural genes were over-expressed. The increase of functional surface located type 3 pili was validated by Western blotting and hemagglutination tests. This overexpression was probably responsible for the observed high level of adhesion capacity to abiotic surfaces of K. pneumoniae aggregates recovered after dispersion induced by L. plantarum.The behavior of the two strains was also tested in vivo in a K. pneumoniae murine intestinal colonization model with daily oral administration of L. plantarum. Viable cells counting of the pathogen in the animals’ feces showed that K. pneumoniae maintained high levels of colonization in the presence of L. plantarum, unlike the control (without Lactobacillus) where a gradual decrease was observed.Finally, we initiated the development of a tripartite experimental model allowing the combination of the two bacterial partners with epithelial cells in a continuous flow system. In parallel, the specific response of eukaryotic cells to these bacteria was addressed: L. plantarum exerted an inhibitory effect on the pulmonary epithelial inflammatory response induced by K. pneumoniae.In conclusion, these results highlight the discrepancy between in vitro anti-biofilm activity of L. plantarum and its in vivo behavior leading to increased dissemination of the pathogen. Substantial expertise of beneficial bacteria is therefore necessary to fully assess their benefit-risk ratio
Trautwetter, Annie. "Caractérisation physique et génétique du phage LL-H." Lyon, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAL0029.
Full textLactobacilli, as well as lactic streptococci, play a central role in various food fermentation processes. The primary cause of slow acid production by lactic bacteria during industrial fermentation is lysis by bacteriophages. Since an improvement in the prevention of acidification perturbation resides in part in a better knowledge of the phage we have begun molecular biology studies on several phages of Lactobacilli. The first one, LL-H, is a virulent phage of strain Lactobacillus lactis LL 23. A restriction map of the phage genome was constructed, using EcoRI, Sali, Pstl and BamHI. This chromosome has a size of 34 kb and seems to be circularly permuted. A bank of LL-H restriction fragments was constituted using Escherichiacoli vectors such as pBR322 or pBR32S. The expression of S among the 7 main phage particle proteins in E. Coli by immunoblotting experiments, which allowed the mapping on the chromosome of genes coding for phage particule proteins. We have also shown that the gene of the main capsid protein is expressed from its own promoter in Escherichia coli strain. A similar study conducted on phages mv4 (temperate for L. Bulgaricus) and C3, CS and lb4 (virulent on this same strain) has shown that all the phage genomes were constituted by double stranded DNA molecules with 5'P protruding ends. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments led to the distinction of 2 families, on the one hand LL-H, 1v, mv1, and mv4, on the other 1b4 , C3 and CS. There is no DNA sequence homology between the two families, but on the contrary, the members of one family shown homologies between themselves. So, these results suggest that these virulent and temperate phages may have a common phage ancestor. Moreover, temperate phages may ac t as a source of lytic phages in cheese plants
Bernard, Elvis. "Etude du rôle fonctionnel de l'O-acétylation et de l'amidation du peptidoglycane chez les lactobacilles." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112084.
Full textPeptidoglycan (PG) is the major component of the gram positive cell wall. It is composed of glycan chains formed by the polymerization of the N-acetylglucosamine-N-acetyl muramic acid heterodimer, and cross-linked by peptidic stem. This structure confers high resistance to the bacterial cell wall but also some flexibility allowing growth and shape maintenance. This duality between rigidity and flexibility is the result of a steady-state between the PG polymerizing enzymes, the penicillin binding protein (PBP) and the PG hydrolases (PGH). More or less concomitantly with its synthesis, certain modifications can occur on PG structure that will modulate the activity of PG synthesis and degradation enzymes.During this work, we have characterized the PG structural modifications in two lactobacilli species and studied their functional role. We have identified the first amidotransferase involved in meso-diaminopimelic acid amidation and shown the influence of this modification on the activity of the L,D-carboxypeptidase, DacB, and also on the septal PG synthesis by the PBP in Lactobacillus plantarum. Then, we have highlighted for the first time, the presence of O-acetylation on GlcNAc in addition to O-acetylation on MurNAc. These two modifications are catalyzed by two dedicated O-acetyltransferases, OatB and OatA respectively, that control PGH activity in an antagonistic way. We have also demonstrated the implication of the OatA O-acetyltransferase in septation control. Finally, we have shown the influence of PG MurNAc O-acetylation on the anti-inflammatory properties of a Lactobacillus casei strain
Sarmiento, Rubiano Luz Adriana. "Influencia del consumo de sorbitol en la microbiota intestinal de un modelo animal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/2184.
Full textSarmiento Rubiano, LA. (2008). Influencia del consumo de sorbitol en la microbiota intestinal de un modelo animal [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/2184
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