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Journal articles on the topic 'Laddering Technique'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Korenini, Bojan. "Consistent Laddering: A New Approach to Laddering Technique." Journal of Constructivist Psychology 27, no. 4 (August 27, 2014): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2013.852074.

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2

Corbridge, C., G. Rugg, N. P. Major, N. R. Shadbolt, and A. M. Burton. "Laddering: technique and tool use in knowledge acquisition." Knowledge Acquisition 6, no. 3 (September 1994): 315–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/knac.1994.1016.

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3

Demir, Ayça Kangal, and Bilal Yalçın. "Determining Beverage Preferences of Young Consumers with Laddering Technique." Business and Economics Research Journal 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.20409/berj.2016116809.

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4

Gandia, Rodrigo Marçal, Joel Yutaka Sugano, Luiz Henrique de Barros Vilas Boas, and Daniel Leite Mesquita. "Beverage capsule consumption: a laddering study." British Food Journal 120, no. 6 (June 4, 2018): 1250–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2017-0401.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze consumer behavior based on the structures of attributes, consequences, and values identified by consumers of beverages obtained from capsules. Consumers of the brands Nescafé Dolce Gusto and Nespresso capsule-based beverages were selected, and comparatively analyzed to understand the possible differences perceived by the consumers of each brand.Design/methodology/approachBased on a soft laddering technique, 27 in-depth interviews were carried out among the users of Nespresso and Dolce Gusto. This technique allowed differentiating the attributes of each brand, as well as defining common/cumulative elements.FindingsIndividual values of achievement and personal pleasure, mainly reached through better living standards, were dominant for all consumers. Dominant chain analysis results showed the perceptions of consumers were different for each brand. Generally, both brands’ consumers seek quality and practicality. However, Dolce Gusto delivers a product perceived as having more functional benefits, thus serving consumers seeking more variety when it comes to different types of beverages. On the other hand, Nespresso serves a more selective niche market, whose consumers rather value brand quality and reliability.Originality/valueThe characteristics and product specifications show similarities with food consumption trends, which justify the growth of this market in recent years. Therefore, strategies and the consumers’ demand for the capsule market show a promising trend on the coffee and drinks market in Brazil, deserving special attention from both companies and producers.

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Bordeaux-Rego, Bruno, Fernanda Nedwed-Machado, Marta Olivia Rovedder de Oliveira, Denise Avancini Alves, and Luiz Antonio Slongo. ""Why caipirinha?"- the online via chat laddering technique CAN answer." BAR - Brazilian Administration Review 8, no. 2 (June 2011): 150–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1807-76922011000200003.

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6

Lin, Chin-Feng, and Chen-Su Fu. "Advancing laddering and critical incident technique to reveal restaurant niches." Service Industries Journal 37, no. 13-14 (July 18, 2017): 801–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2017.1351551.

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7

Samuel-Fernando, P., P. A. Dabholkar, and D. S. Sachan. "Motivation and Food Choice, the Effectiveness of the Laddering Technique." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 95, no. 9 (September 1995): A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(95)00572-2.

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8

Zuenkova, Yu A. "Application of the VALS and the laddering techniques at shared decision-making." Manager Zdravoochranenia, no. 5 (June 1, 2022): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37690/1811-0185-2022-5-13-19.

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Patients values are fundamental in the process of health decision-making. The use of PROMs is often difficult in routine clinical practice, which requires the search for simpler methods of determining the patients values, where psychographic segmentation and laddering are one of those. The aim of the study was to improve the process of shared-decision-making in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer using the VALS segmentation and the laddering technique. Materials and methods. An inclusive, incomparable, prospective, long-term multicenter cohort study of the use of the laddering technique and the VALS technique was conducted in 158 patients (154 (97%) with basal cell skin cancer, 4 (3%) squamous cell skin cancer; 129 (82%) patients with stage I–II diseases, 17 (11%), with IV – 12 (7%); 56 (35%) – men, 102 (65%) – women. The results of psychographic segmentation showed: the clinical result of the procedure is important for 96% (n=152), the safety of treatment and adverse reactions – for 91% (n=143), the cosmetic result – for 46% (n=73), convenience and flexibility of the treatment schedule – for 36% (n=57), the painlessness of the treatment procedure – for 34% (n=54), the ability to lead a habitual lifestyle during treatment – for 23% (n=36), the comfort of the treatment procedure – for 14% (n=22), the financial costs associated with treatment – for 9% (n=14), preservation of organ function after treatment – for 3% (n=5). Conclusions. The method of psychographic segmentation can be adapted to the tasks of communication between the doctor and the patient. The scope of application of the VALS methodology and the laddering technique can be considered situations when a doctor is unable to use validated quality of life questionnaires due to limited resources or the absence of such questionnaires.

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Yoon, Sung-Wook, and Mi-Ok Seo. "Analysis of Casino Customer Value Hierarchy Applying APT Hard Laddering Technique." Journal of MICE & Tourism Research 20, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.20.4.4.

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10

Miles, Susan, and Sam J. Leinster. "Identifying professional characteristics of the ideal medical doctor: The laddering technique." Medical Teacher 32, no. 2 (January 2010): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01421590903196987.

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11

Yoon, Sung Wook, and Mi Ok Seo. "Analysis of Value System for Foreign Casino Customers using the Laddering Technique." Northeast Asia Tourism Research 15, no. 2 (May 30, 2019): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35173/natr.15.2.3.

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12

Lee, Geok Ling, Robert A. Neimeyer, and Cecilia L. W. Chan. "The Meaning of Childbearing Among IVF Service Users Assessed via Laddering Technique." Journal of Constructivist Psychology 25, no. 4 (October 2012): 302–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2012.703573.

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13

Iwata, M., D. Myerson, B. Torok-Storb, and R. A. Zager. "An evaluation of renal tubular DNA laddering in response to oxygen deprivation and oxidant injury." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 5, no. 6 (December 1994): 1307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v561307.

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It has recently been suggested that endonuclease activation and/or apoptosis, possibly triggered by oxidant stress, are important pathogenetic mechanisms in oxygen deprivation/reoxygenation-induced proximal tubular cell death. To explore this possibility, DNA "laddering," a characteristic feature of these processes, was sought in: (1) postischemic rat kidneys (25- or 40-min arterial clamping; 0, 1, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h and 6 days reflow); (2) posthypoxic isolate rat proximal tubular segments and (3) cultured human kidney proximal tubular cells (HK-2) subjected either to energy depletion plus Ca2+ overload (antimycin A plus 2-deoxyglucose plus Ca2+ ionophore A23187), or to H2O2-induced cell death. DNA was subsequently extracted, electrophoresed through agarose gels, and visualized with ethidium bromide or Southern blotting. To maximize ladder detection, DNA samples were also end-labeled with 32P dideoxyadenosine triphosphate with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (tdt), followed by electrophoresis. None of the postischemic DNA samples demonstrated any laddering by either ethidium bromide staining or Southern analysis (apoptotic lymphocyte DNA was a positive control). However, trace laddering was apparent by the tat technique, commencing at 1 h of reflow, peaking at 24 h, and resolving slowly thereafter. This finding correlated with the morphologic expression of tubular necrosis, not apoptosis. Hypoxia/reoxygenation caused proximal tubular segment death (44 to 64%), and HK-2 cells were slowly killed by both the H2O2 and the energy depletion/Ca(2+)-loading protocols. However, neither protocol induced ethidium bromide- or tdt-detectable DNA laddering. It was concluded that: (1) minimal DNA laddering develops postischemia, and this change is reliably detected only by the tdt method; (2) it correlates with the morphologic expression of tubular necrosis, not apoptosis; and (3) in vitro oxidative- and energy depletion-mediated proximal tubular cell death can be dissociated from DNA ladder formation.

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14

Chen, Chun-Hsien, Li Pheng Khoo, and Wei Yan. "Web-enabled Customer-oriented Product Concept Formation via Laddering Technique and Kohonen Association." Concurrent Engineering 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a032006.

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Product concept formation is regarded as a key activity in new product development and manufacturing (NPD&M). It may determine whether a NPD&M project will be successful or not. In the early stage of product concept formation, owing to the huge space of possible solutions as well as incomplete and imprecise information, it is difficult for designers to generate functional attributes and subsequently select customer-preferred design solutions. Although much research has been attempted to tackle this problem, few of them are capable of appropriately making a trade-off between initial design requirements of designers and those of customers. This study aims at establishing a prototype web-based customer-oriented product concept formation system. The prototype system involves customers in generating functional attributes and design alternatives as well as selecting preferred design solutions. To realize these, the laddering technique is first employed to set up a so-called functional attribute hierarchy (FAH) comprising different levels ranging from generic to specific abstraction. With the FAH established, diverse design alternatives can then be configured morphologically using a combination of alternative values. Consequently, through customer interaction via the web, the Kohonen association algorithm is utilized to facilitate the selection of preferred design alternatives according to multicultural customer groups. The details of the prototype system as well as a case study on wood golf club design, which is used to illustrate its capability, are presented in this paper.

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Chen, Chun-Hsien, Li Pheng Khoo, and Wei Yan. "Web-enabled Customer-oriented Product Concept Formation via Laddering Technique and Kohonen Association." Concurrent Engineering 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106329302129140197.

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16

Guenzi, Paolo, and Federico Panzeri. "How salespeople see organizational citizenship behaviors: an exploratory study using the laddering technique." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 30, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-01-2013-0026.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to more thoroughly investigate the role of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) in sales force settings and the reason why salespeople should practice OCBs. In fact, in spite of the huge body of literature on OCBs and their impact on performance, some important knowledge gaps still remain to be filled. Inconsistent and unexpected findings are particularly apparent in the relatively few studies investigating OCBs in sales forces. The authors argue that some specific characteristics of the selling job and related tasks make the analysis of the practice of these behaviors in the sales context particularly interesting. Design/methodology/approach – The authors explore which OCBs salespeople engage in, and analyze the perceived consequences of such behaviors using means-end theory and the laddering technique. They apply means-end theory and the laddering technique to interview a sample of salespersons from three companies operating in different business-to-business settings. Findings – The end result of the empirical analysis is the hierarchical value map showing a set of linkages among OCBs and their perceived consequences. In the perceptions of salespeople, OCBs play a strong utilitarian role in that they facilitate personal goal attainment. In salespeople’s minds, there are no relevant trade-offs between OCBs and task-performance as long as the former can be used to improve the latter. For salespeople, the path from OCBs to performance may vary, depending on whether the performance in question is organizational, individual or customer-focused. Finally, some OCBs apparently contribute to creating customer trust in the salesperson. Research limitations/implications – The findings add some interesting insights to the discussion regarding some controversies in OCBs literature, especially the interplay of contextual performance and task performance. Practical implications – Various types of OCBs can be encouraged through different managerial interventions. As an example, altruism can be fostered by appropriate recruiting criteria (e.g. using “attitude toward teamwork” as a key personnel selection factor), and by training initiatives and leadership style. Altruism can also be stimulated by an adequately designed organizational structure (e.g. team-based) as well as by adopting appropriate integration mechanisms that facilitate interpersonal and interfunctional cooperation. Sales managers can foster some OCBs by promoting knowledge sharing and reciprocal learning among members of the sales team, and by emphasizing the positive consequences of OCBs in all communication with salespeople. Originality/value – Findings from this study challenge some widespread assumptions about OCBs in general. In fact, most of the literature holds that OCBs are an example of prosocial behaviors. Actually, the findings suggest that in the specific case of salespeople, OCBs are ultimately self-directed, for the most part.

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Park, Heungsik, Wim Vandekerckhove, Jaeil Lee, and Joowon Jeong. "The Means-End Chains of External Whistleblowers: An Application of the Laddering Technique (WITHDRAWN)." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (August 2018): 12969. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.12969abstract.

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18

A. Neimeyer, Adam Anderson, Leslie, Robert. "SNAKES VERSUS LADDERS: A VALIDATION OF LADDERING TECHNIQUE AS A MEASURE OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE." Journal of Constructivist Psychology 14, no. 2 (April 2001): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720530125990.

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Neimeyer, Robert A., Adam Anderson, and Leslie Stockton. "SNAKES VERSUS LADDERS: A VALIDATION OF LADDERING TECHNIQUE AS A MEASURE OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE." Journal of Constructivist Psychology 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720530151073230.

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20

Chen, Chun-Hsien, Li Pheng Khoo, and Wei Yan. "A strategy for acquiring customer requirement patterns using laddering technique and ART2 neural network." Advanced Engineering Informatics 16, no. 3 (July 2002): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-0346(03)00003-x.

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21

Lee, Na-Hyun, and Bong-Seok Kim. "An Analysis on Leisure Value Systems of Chinese International Students: An Application of Laddering Technique." Journal of Tourism and Leisure Research 32, no. 5 (May 31, 2020): 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31336/jtlr.2020.5.32.5.185.

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22

Barrena, Ramo, and Mercedes Sánchez. "Consumption frequency and degree of abstraction: A study using the laddering technique on beef consumers." Food Quality and Preference 20, no. 2 (March 2009): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2008.08.002.

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23

Taufiqurrahman, Taufiqurrahman, and Muhammad Untung Manara. "Struktur hierarki motif perilaku memilih pada pemilih pemula." Jurnal Psikologi Tabularasa 17, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/jpt.v17i1.8349.

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This study aims to reveal the hierarchical motives of voting behavior on young voters. Motives are the reason of each individual behavior. The various motives are interconnected each other hierarchically. This study used laddering approach, technique to reveal tiered motif through open-ended questionnaire adapted from generic-goal laddering questionnaire. The data analysis used five stages: content analysis, implication matrix, cut off level, index prominence, and hierarchical goal map. The participants were 90 people with ages 18 to 22 years. The results showed that the motives that play as subordinate goal were the party figures, the party quality, conformity, and closeness. Motives as focal goals included leadership, caring / understanding people's problems, informational, performance / experience, and problem solving. The last, motives as superordinate goals were the welfare of the nation, the progress of the nation, and the dignity of the nation. Furthermore, the results showed that the motives on young voters tend social motives and common interests such as performance, problem solving, national welfare and national pride than personal and transactional motives Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap struktur hierarki motif perilaku memilih pada pemilih pemula. Motif merupakan alasan dari setiap perilaku individu. Berbagai macam motif ini saling berhubungan satu sama lain yang bersifat hierarkis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan laddering, yaitu teknik untuk mengungkap motif yang berjenjang melalui kuesioner dengan pertanyaan terbuka yang diadapatasi dari generic-goal laddering questionnaire. Analisa data menggunakan lima tahapan proses; content analysis, implication matrix, cut off level, index prominence, dan hierarchical goal map. Subyek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 90 orang dengan usia 18 hingga 22 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa motif yang berperan sebagai subordinate goal pada perilaku pemilih pemula adalah tokoh partai, kualitas partai, konformitas, dan kedekatan. Motif focal goal antara lain kepemimpinan, peduli/mengerti masalah rakyat, informasional, kinerja/pengalaman dan penyelesaian masalah. Motif-motif yang menjadi superordinate goal dari perilaku pemula yaitu kesejahteraan bangsa, kemajuan bangsa, dan wibawa negara. Dilihat dari isinya, motif-motif pada penelitian ini lebih mengarah pada motif sosial dan kepentingan bersama seperti kinerja, penyelesaian masalah, kesejahteraan bangsa dan wibawa negara daripada motif-motif pribadi dan transaksional.

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Jiang, Shan, Seung-Woo Choo, and Hyung-Sook You. "A Study on the Value Structure of Chinese SNS Users Using Laddering Technique: Focusing on XIAOHONGSHU." Journal of Tourism and Leisure Research 34, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31336/jtlr.2022.6.34.6.359.

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정혜경. "Components of the Web Sites Credibility- Focusing on Investigating the Elements of Credibility Using Laddering Technique -." Journal of Korea Design Forum ll, no. 18 (February 2008): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21326/ksdt.2008..18.001.

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Crudge, Sarah E., and Frances C. Johnson. "Using the repertory grid and laddering technique to determine the user's evaluative model of search engines." Journal of Documentation 63, no. 2 (March 13, 2007): 259–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00220410710737213.

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27

Sampaio, Joiza Angélica do Carmo. "AMIZADE, PRAZER E FELICIDADE: RELAÇÕES ENTRE ATRIBUTOS E VALORES NA ÓTICA DE CONSUMIDORES DE COMIDA JAPONESA." Contextus – Revista Contemporânea de Economia e Gestão 10, no. 1 (August 12, 2012): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19094/contextus.v10i1.320.

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Amizade, Prazer e Felicidade: Relações Entre Atributos e Valores Na Ótica de Consumidores de Comida Japonesa Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre atributos e valores percebida entre os consumidores de comida japonesa de Fortaleza. A pesquisa tem em sua sustentação teórica abordagens sobre o comportamento do consumidor, valores e na Teoria da Cadeia de Meios e Fins (Means end chain - MEC). Foram realizadas trinta entrevistas em profundidade com consumidores de comida japonesa da cidade de Fortaleza entre os meses de novembro de 2008 e abril de 2009. A técnica aplicada é a laddering, alicerçada na Teoria MEC, com o conceito central de ‘escada de mão’, explorando os três níveis: atributos, consequências e valores. Essa técnica proporcionou a construção de uma matriz de implicação e de um mapa hierárquico de valor, permitindo confirmar os elementos, atributos, consequências e valores, que caracterizam o comportamento do consumidor orientado para o prazer e satisfação pessoal. O resultado da pesquisa evidenciou, entre os consumidores, valores individualistas como: abertura, vida excitante, satisfação, prazer, felicidade, auto-estima e relação afetiva, amizade. Esses valores reafirmam a busca por atingir a meta pessoal. Pela análise do mapa hierárquico de valores, pode-se concluir que esses valores estão relacionados com atributos percebidos pelo consumidor, tais como: ambiente do restaurante, qualidade, comida crua e exótica, cheiro, cor e sabor típicos. Palavras-chave: Comportamento do consumidor. Comida japonesa. Valores. Cadeia de meios e fins. Laddering. Friendship, Pleasure and Happiness: Relations between attributes and values from the viewpoint of Japanese Food Consumers ABSTRACT This paper aims to analyze the relation between attributes and values perceived among the consumers of Japanese food in Fortaleza, Brazil. The research is theoretically based upon consumer behavior approaches, values and Means End Chain Theory (MEC). There were made thirty in depth interviews with Japanese food consumers in Fortaleza city, between November 2008 and April 2009. The applied technique was laddering, that is based on MEC Theory, with the central concept of ‘hand ladder’, exploring three levels: attributes, consequences and values. This technique allowed to build an implication matrix and a hierarchical value map, which confirmed elements, attributes, consequences and values that characterize the behavior of the consumer-oriented pleasure and personal satisfaction. The results evidence, among the consumers, individualistic values as: openness, exciting life, satisfaction, pleasure, happiness, self-esteem and affective relationship, friendship. These values confirm their look for achieving personal goal. Through the analysis of the hierarchical value map, it may be concluded that these values are related with attributes perceived by the consumer, such as: restaurant environment, quality, raw and exotic food, typical smell, color and flavor. Keywords: Consumer behavior. Japanese food. Values. Means end chain. Laddering.

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오창호, Hwang, Jae-Wie, Kang, Sun-Goo, and 육풍림. "A Study of Brand Value Development on Convention Destination: Application of Means-End Chain and Laddering Technique." Management & Information Systems Review 31, no. 2 (June 2012): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29214/damis.2012.31.2.011.

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Wang, Zhen-Yun, and Hyung-Sook You. "The Study on the Value System of Female Consumers in Dessert Cafes : An Application of Laddering Technique." Northeast Asia Tourism Research 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35173/natr.17.1.09.

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Gruber, Thorsten, Stephan C. Henneberg, Bahar Ashnai, Peter Naudé, and Alexander Reppel. "Complaint resolution management expectations in an asymmetric business‐to‐business context." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 25, no. 5 (June 15, 2010): 360–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08858621011058124.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of the attributes of effective complaint management in business‐to‐business relationships, and to reveal the underlying benefits that buying organizations are looking for when complaining.Design/methodology/approachA semi‐standardized qualitative technique called laddering was applied successfully to an online environment with 22 representatives of companies in the manufacturing industry participating.FindingsThe resulting hierarchical value map displays 13 attributes which exemplify the complaint resolution management expectations. A total of 14 constructs represent consequences of such resolution activities, while four constructs can be interpreted as values. Take “Quick action” is the most important of the expected attributes and behaviours of complaint resolution management. Four consequences seem to dominate the assessment: Financial benefits, Prevention of future problems, Solution, and Effective resolution handling. “Maintain supplier relationships” appears as a dominant value in the perceptions of respondents, with half of them mentioning this as an end.Research limitations/implicationsOwing to the exploratory nature of the study in general and the scope and size of its sample in particular, the findings are tentative in nature. The study involved a group of representatives of large UK manufacturing companies with complaint handling responsibilities and so the results cannot be generalised.Originality/valueThe findings enrich the existing limited stock of knowledge on complaint management in business relationships by developing a deeper understanding of the attributes that complaining customer companies desire from suppliers, as well as the underlying business logic (i.e. values) for these expectations. The quality of the results also suggests that the laddering questionnaire technique can be transferred effectively to an online environment.

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31

Nunkoo, Robin, and Haywantee Ramkissoon. "Applying the means-end chain theory and the laddering technique to the study of host attitudes to tourism." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 17, no. 3 (May 19, 2009): 337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669580802159735.

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32

D’Andrea, Fernando Antonio Monteiro Christoph, Filipe Rigon, Ana Carolina Lopes de Almeida, Bertran da Silveira Filomena, and Luiz Antonio Slongo. "Co-creation: a B2C and B2B comparative analysis." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 37, no. 6 (September 2, 2019): 674–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-08-2018-0306.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to qualitatively analyze and compare people’s objectives when participating in two sets of co-creation initiatives – business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B) – to what the theory in the field states about that participation. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach has been adopted; it uses laddering, a qualitative technique, in a novel manner through the analysis of an abstract product: the co-creation process. Findings Results in B2C point to a disconnection between the motivation of participants and what the theory suggests that should be expected from a co-creation agenda. In the B2B setting, the disconnections are much smaller. Research limitations/implications The research used small and narrow samples. Additionally, the research considers only the consumers’ perspective. Practical implications Considering the context in which they compete (industrial or consumer market), companies must come up with better selection criteria for co-creators and must be more specific in setting and pursuing the goals of the co-creation projects. By doing so, organizations can achieve more fruitful results in those innovation initiatives. Originality/value The present study is innovative in the use of laddering to understand not a product nor a service, but a process: co-creation. The study reveals that, despite the buzz about co-creation, practical examples suggest that this process may not be as fruitful or satisfying as the theories suggest.

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33

Jeong, Dayun. "Consumer Awareness and Switching Behavior Factors in Contact-Free Shopping : Focusing on Means-End Chain Theory and Laddering Technique." International Journal of Costume and Fashion 22, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7233/ijcf.2022.22.2.001.

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Dehghani, Maryam, and Peyman Akhavan. "An experimental investigation of knowledge acquisition techniques." Journal of Management Development 36, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 493–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-07-2016-0132.

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Purpose Knowledge is a key driver for the competitive success of organizations, but about 90 percent of organizational knowledge is inside employees’ minds with personal essence; therefore, this paper provides valuable vision for managers by exploring knowledge acquisition (KA) techniques and personality type. The purpose of this paper is to examine KA techniques and explore the impact of personality type on the KA process in the aerospace industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines KA techniques through an empirical study involving 83 participants to take part in KA sessions. For exploring techniques, a questionnaire was used, and also the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator was used to identify participants’ personality type. The impact of personality type on KA processes was determined by correlation analysis. Findings Analyses confirmed some association between the type of personality and KA process. In addition, the findings of exploring questionnaire items showed that participants gave the laddering technique the highest rating. Originality/value The paper may be of high value to researchers in the field of KA, especially in aerospace industries, because there is very little experimental investigation of KA, and it also provides valuable information and guidelines that hopefully will help researchers to select appropriate KA techniques.

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Pimenta, Marcio Lopes, Marcos Hideyuki Yokoyama, Luiz Henrique de Barros Vilas Boas, Stella Naomi Moriguchi, and Juliana Flávia Palazzo da Costa Macedo. "Valores pessoais e percepção de atributos em marcas regionais de café na cidade de Lavras." Revista de Administração da UFSM 4, no. 1 (May 24, 2011): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198346591713.

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Regional food brands generate competitive differential because consumer links some desired attributes with a positive image of product's geographical origin. Such image influences the buying decision process, facing their perceptions about brand attributes and desired benefits in consuming products from these brands. On this view, this paper evidences the cognitive structure of consumers of roasted and milled coffee from Lavras' region, Minas Gerais State. Based upon in depth interviews, utilizing the laddering qualitative technique, it was made a hierarchic value map, that shows a connection of the regional brands to the attributes: ‘sensorial characteristics' , ‘from the region', ‘known brand', ‘lower price' and ‘pureness food'. From these attributes, the consumers believe in the possibility to reach personal values as: ‘self achievement', ‘personal and collective wellbeing', ‘happiness', ‘nostalgia', ‘life quality' and ‘longevity'.

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Kearney, Treasa, James Bailey, Matthew Tickle, Fotios Misopoulos, and Dale Heywood. "Key attributes of online learning environments: Creating positive student experiences." Developing Academic Practice: Volume 2022, Issue January 2022, January (January 1, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/dap.2022.1.

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To address the growing interest in student experience, this research examines how online learning environments (OLEs) can help facilitate positive experiences for students. The paper addresses how OLEs are perceived by students in their service offering (i.e. the attributes that the OLE offers). Through applying an innovative laddering technique with thirty-eight students, students themselves analysed and identified the attributes, consequences, and values of the OLE. Four key attributes were identified by the students that educators should consider when choosing OLEs to deliver their service offering: 1) accessibility; 2) ease of use; 3) all in one place; and 4) interactivity. This paper contributes to the student experience literature by identifying how student engagement with these particular attributes can lead to well-being, success, and self-actualization for the students.

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Klenosky, David B., Thomas J. Templin, and Josh A. Troutmam. "Recruiting Student Athletes: A Means-End Investigation of School-Choice Decision Making." Journal of Sport Management 15, no. 2 (April 2001): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.15.2.95.

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This paper reports the results of an empirical study that draws on a means-end perspective to examine the factors influencing the school choice decisions of collegiate student athletes. A sample of 27 NCAA Division I collegiate football players were questioned to identify the attributes that differentiated the school they selected from the others they had considered attending. The interviewing technique known as laddering was then used to link the salient attributes of the chosen school to the consequences and personal values important to the athlete. An analysis of the resulting data provided unique insight into the means-end relationships that underlie students' selection of competing athletic programs. A discussion of the study findings outlined the implications of this investigation and the means-end approach for future recruiting and research efforts.

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Bender, Matthew H., Robert T. Cartee, and Janet Yother. "Positive Correlation between Tyrosine Phosphorylation of CpsD and Capsular Polysaccharide Production in Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 20 (October 15, 2003): 6057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.20.6057-6066.2003.

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ABSTRACT CpsA, CpsB, CpsC, and CpsD are part of a tyrosine phosphorylation regulatory system involved in modulation of capsule synthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae and many other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Using an immunoblotting technique, we observed distinct laddering patterns of S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides of various serotypes and found that transfer of the polymer from the membrane to the cell wall was independent of size. Deletion of cps2A, cps2B, cps2C, or cps2D in the serotype 2 strain D39 did not affect the ability to transfer capsule to the cell wall. Deletion of cps2C or cps2D, which encode two domains of an autophosphorylating tyrosine kinase, resulted in the production of only short-chain polymers. The function of Cps2A is unknown, and the polymer laddering pattern of the cps2A deletion mutants appeared similar to that of the parent, although the total amount of capsule was decreased. Loss of Cps2B, a tyrosine phosphatase and a kinase inhibitor, resulted in an increase in capsule amount and a normal ladder pattern. However, Cps2B mutants exhibited reduced virulence following intravenous inoculation of mice and were unable to colonize the nasopharynx, suggesting a diminished capacity to sense or respond to these environments. In D39 and its isogenic mutants, the amounts of capsule and tyrosine-phosphorylated Cps2D (Cps2D∼P) correlated directly. In contrast, restoration of type 2 capsule production followed by deletion of cps2B in Rx1, a laboratory passaged D39 derivative containing multiple uncharacterized mutations, resulted in decreased capsule amounts but no alteration in Cps2D∼P levels. Thus, a factor outside the capsule locus, which is either missing or defective in the Rx1 background, is important in the control of capsule synthesis.

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Song, Gee In. "The Value and HVM(Hierarchical Value Map) on College Students Using Facebook : Applied with Means-end chain theory and Laddering Technique." Advertising Research 115 (December 31, 2017): 332–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.16914/ar.2017.115.332.

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Gruber, Thorsten, Alexander Reppel, Isabelle Szmigin, and Roediger Voss. "Revealing the expectations and preferences of complaining customers by combining the laddering interviewing technique with the Kano model of customer satisfaction." Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 11, no. 4 (September 5, 2008): 400–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13522750810901501.

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Mohamed, M. S. S., B. M. T. Shamsul, R. Rahman, and Nawal Aswan Abdul Jalil. "Issues Surrounding Car Center Stack Designs in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 761 (May 2015): 693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.761.693.

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Car center stack designs have evolved rapidly throughout the years. Manufacturers are working hard in keeping up with the current trends in the automotive market by offering latest technologies embedded into car center stack designs. Consistent with the current trend, Malaysian automotive manufacturers are offering advanced features in car center stacks, which includes touchscreen and navigation systems. Recently car center stacks became the highlight as it became a potential source for driver distraction. An exploratory qualitative study, involving eight regular drivers and two professional drivers were recruited for this exploratory study. A laddering interview technique was applied to reveal chains of attributes, consequences and values. Several prominent attributes related to the value of safety were “Simple Design”, “Touchscreen”, “Meter Design”, and “Multi-Function Steering”. Touchscreen systems were perceived differently by professional drivers compared with regular drivers. There is a need for further studies regarding the touchscreen system designs for Malaysian drivers.

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Abdul Hamid, Mohd Noor, Chow Khey Pooi, and Oh Shuet Reng. "MALAYSIAN YOUTH EXPECTATIONS OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS (SMI)." Journal of Creative Industry and Sustainable Culture (JCISC) 1 (October 31, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jcisc2022.1.1.

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The use of social medias has become more common now than before. Attachment to socialmedias has led to the rise of a new kind of ‘celebrity’ known as Social Media Influencer (SMI).The study aims to gain a better understanding of what the Malaysian youth expects from theSMIs. In particular, it explores the attributes of SMIs that attract followers and the underlyingbenefits sought after by them. Data for the study is collected using semi-structured interviews with 31 participants. Soft laddering technique was used to increase depth into the data which is then analyzed using means-end approach and presented in the form of hierarchical value map(HVM). The findings suggest that the consumption experiences of following and interactingwith SMIs are mainly intrinsic and hedonic. Malaysian youth generally follow social media influencers who are genuine, knowledgeable, motivational, relatable, and creative. The valuesgained from following social media influencers are mainly positive values such as trust,personal development, positivity, confidence, inspiration, knowledge, and personal well-being.

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Petchamé, Josep, Ignasi Iriondo, Eva Villegas, David Riu, and David Fonseca. "Comparing Face-to-Face, Emergency Remote Teaching and Smart Classroom: A Qualitative Exploratory Research Based on Students’ Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 6625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126625.

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The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted traditional face-to-face teaching worldwide and forced education institutions to adopt new, online teaching formats to enable students to continue with their studies. This research focuses on students’ perceptions of three teaching different modalities: face-to-face (F2F), Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) and Smart Classroom (SC), which were implemented in response to the restrictions enforced to combat the spread of COVID-19. A qualitative study based on two user experience techniques, Pocket Bipolar Laddering and Emotional Appraisal, was carried out on a group of second-year ICT engineering university students at La Salle Campus Barcelona. The former technique consists in identifying a maximum of three positive and three negative salient items, while the latter is intended to rate pairs of opposite feelings. In the SC format, saving time on travel to university was considered an advantage of online learning, while disadvantages included less effective instructor–student interaction, distractions when off-campus and teamwork issues. These shortcomings can be addressed by specific online teaching training to develop a more active form of learning and foment student participation. However, both ERT and SC modalities were considered effective solutions to cope with the social and mobility restrictions imposed during the pandemic.

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Girard, Sophie, Thérèse Couderc, Josette Destombes, Danièle Thiesson, Francis Delpeyroux, and Bruno Blondel. "Poliovirus Induces Apoptosis in the Mouse Central Nervous System." Journal of Virology 73, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 6066–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.7.6066-6072.1999.

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ABSTRACT Poliovirus (PV) is the etiological agent of human paralytic poliomyelitis. Paralysis results from the destruction of motoneurons, a consequence of PV replication. However, the PV-induced process leading to the death of motoneurons is not well known. We investigated whether PV-induced central nervous system (CNS) injury is associated with apoptosis by using mice as animal models. Transgenic mice expressing the human PV receptor were infected intracerebrally with either the neurovirulent PV-1 Mahoney strain or a paralytogenic dose of the attenuated PV-1 Sabin strain. Nontransgenic mice were infected with a mouse-adapted PV-1 Mahoney mutant. DNA fragmentation was demonstrated in CNS tissue from paralyzed mice by visualization of DNA oligonucleosomal laddering and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Viral antigens and DNA fragmentation detected by the in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling technique were colocalized in neurons of spinal cords from paralyzed mice. In addition, morphological changes characteristic of cells undergoing apoptosis were observed in motoneurons by electron microscopy. Thus, we show that PV multiplication and CNS injury during paralytic poliomyelitis are associated with apoptosis.

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Marçal Gandia, Rodrigo, Amanda Pimenta Nascimento, Isabela Murad, and Luiz Henrique de Barros Vilas Boas. "FOOD AND BEVERAGE MODERNITY IN THE SEGMENT OF CAPSULE MACHINES: A STUDY BASED ON THE MEANS-END THEORY." Organizações Rurais & Agroindustriais 21, no. 1-3 (2019): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.48142/2238-68902019v21n1-3p94104.

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Contemporaneity has generated significant changes in food/human relations. The way food is perceived has been modified, and a new concept has emerged: the food modernity. People’s needs and goals are represented cognitively through values, understood here as final states that consumers aim for themselves. This qualitative and exploratory research aimed to identify, under the perspective of the means-end theory, the relationships among the attributes, consequences, and values that motivate the consumption of coffee capsule machines. Laddering was used as a technique, since it allows more excellent representation of information and aggregated relations to the consumers’ perception, and the results were arranged in a hierarchical map of values. With the help of the software LadderUx, we reached the matrix of implication and the hierarchical value map. Results showed that it is not the technology that modifies individuals’ eating habits, but rather the relationships triggered by the modernity concepts. The transformations that occurred worldwide have changed peoples’ lifestyles. In this context, the technology used in capsule machines contributes to the new modes of food consumption, through utilitarianism, quality, practicality, and the artifact itself (capsule machine).

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Aule, Thomas Terna, Roshida Binti Abdul Majid, Mahmud Bin Moh’d Jusan, and Moses Iorakaa Ayoosu. "Exploring Motivational Factors of Indigenous House Form for Value-Based Development: The Tiv People of Central Nigeria in Context." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170234.

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The quest for contextual identity and value-based developments by concerned authorities justifies the necessity to explore the inherent motivating factors that influence housing formation and the built environments of the varied Nigerian ethnic groups. Rapoport's identification of socio-cultural values as the primary influencers of house form has come under scrutiny, stipulating a replication in different contexts. One tends to ask about the motivating factors for the indigenous house form of the different ethnic groups in Nigeria that need to be explored and harnessed for value-based planning, design, and development for future infrastructure. This study explores the motivating factors of the indigenous house form of the Tiv people of central Nigeria, filtered through Maslow's Hierarchy of needs. This qualitative study utilised the Means-End Chain soft laddering technique, where 24 participants were interviewed, analysed, and ranked. According to the findings, Tiv indigenous dwellings are circular-shaped, connecting them to their cultural heritage. The open compounds also permit communal interactions in their natural setting and express their determination to live independent family lives. For housing stakeholders in Nigeria, the primitive values evoked in this study are essential for developing a contemporary, culturally sustainable society.

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Aule, Thomas Terna, Roshida Binti Abdul Majid, Mahmud Bin Moh’d Jusan, and Moses Iorakaa Ayoosu. "Exploring Motivational Factors of Indigenous House Form for Value-Based Development: The Tiv People of Central Nigeria in Context." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170234.

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The quest for contextual identity and value-based developments by concerned authorities justifies the necessity to explore the inherent motivating factors that influence housing formation and the built environments of the varied Nigerian ethnic groups. Rapoport's identification of socio-cultural values as the primary influencers of house form has come under scrutiny, stipulating a replication in different contexts. One tends to ask about the motivating factors for the indigenous house form of the different ethnic groups in Nigeria that need to be explored and harnessed for value-based planning, design, and development for future infrastructure. This study explores the motivating factors of the indigenous house form of the Tiv people of central Nigeria, filtered through Maslow's Hierarchy of needs. This qualitative study utilised the Means-End Chain soft laddering technique, where 24 participants were interviewed, analysed, and ranked. According to the findings, Tiv indigenous dwellings are circular-shaped, connecting them to their cultural heritage. The open compounds also permit communal interactions in their natural setting and express their determination to live independent family lives. For housing stakeholders in Nigeria, the primitive values evoked in this study are essential for developing a contemporary, culturally sustainable society.

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Han, Guosheng, Armigon Akhmedov, Hui Li, Jingjing Yu, and William Cannon Hunter. "An Interpretive Study on Sustainability in the Link between Agriculture and Tourism: Tourist-Stakeholder Satisfaction in Tiantangzhai, China." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 12, 2020): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020571.

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Tourism and agriculture can contribute to destination sustainability by increasing tourist-stakeholder satisfaction. Grown agriculture is an important component of a rural destination attraction. Nonetheless, tourists’ satisfaction with locally grown agricultural food has been unexplored when it comes to linking tourism with agriculture. The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of the links between demand for locally grown agricultural products at the destination and the levels of satisfaction among visitors. Theoretical views concerning tourist consumption of local agricultural products and its effects were reviewed. Unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted onsite in Tiantangzhai to investigate the relationship between tourism and agriculture with visitor satisfaction. The sample of respondents consisted of 71 participants who shared their views on the relationship between agriculture and tourism at the destination. Findings were presented in a two-level analysis including the industry focus and a soft-laddering technique that revealed deeper insights. Findings indicate that tourist-stakeholders present a demand-driven economy that can be exploited by local agricultural producers and the tourism economy itself. Theoretical implications point to a more sustainable destination image and practical implications highlight the demand-driven implications of tourist expectations and experience satisfaction.

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Eimecke, Jörgen, Katrin Baumert, and Daniel Baier. "Applying the Repertory Grid Method for Technology Forecasting: Civil Unmanned Aviation Systems for Germany." Management and Production Engineering Review 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mper-2017-0025.

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Abstract Multistage expert surveys like the Delphi method are proven concepts for technology forecasting that enable the prediction of content-related and temporal development in fields of innovation (e.g., [1, 2]). Advantages of these qualitative multistage methods are a simple and easy to understand concept while still delivering valid results [3]. Nevertheless, the literature also points out certain disadvantages especially in large-scale technology forecasts in particularly abstract fields of innovation [4]. The proposed approach highlights the usefulness of the repertory grid method as an alternative for technology forecasting and as a first step for preference measurement. The basic approach from Baier and Kohler [5] is modified in-so-far that an online survey reduces the cognitive burden for the experts and simplifies the data collection process. Advantages over alternative approaches through its simple structure and through combining qualitative and quantitative methods are shown and an adaption on an actual field of innovation – civil drones in Germany – is done. The measurement of a common terminology for all experts minimizes misunderstandings during the interview and the achievement of an inter-individual comparable level of abstraction is forced by the laddering technique [6] during the interview.

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Liu, Lixin, Gohar Azhar, Wei Gao, Xiaomin Zhang, and Jeanne Y. Wei. "Bcl-2 and Bax expression in adult rat hearts after coronary occlusion: age-associated differences." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 275, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): R315—R322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1998.275.1.r315.

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It has been reported that programmed cell death (apoptosis) occurs during myocardial infarction. The influence of age on programmed cell death or DNA fragmentation after coronary occlusion has not been extensively characterized. To test the hypothesis that there are age-related differences in susceptibility to DNA fragmentation during ischemia-infarction, we studied DNA fragmentation in young adult and old male F344 rat hearts after acute coronary artery occlusion. Hearts were studied at 1, 3, and 5 h and 1 and 7 days after coronary ligation. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by the in situ end-labeling technique, and internucleosomal fragmentation (DNA laddering) pattern was also analyzed. Our results show that 1) DNA fragmentation began earlier and peaked earlier in the old compared with young adult hearts during infarction; 2) there was heightened expression of both Bcl-2 and Bax in the old hearts at baseline; and 3) the Bcl-2-to-Bax ratio was higher in the older heart after coronary ligation. These results suggest that, compared with the young adult heart, the aged heart may be more susceptible to ischemia-induced DNA fragmentation.

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