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1
Castillo, Jurado Marcos del. "Morfometría de lagos. Una aplicación a los lagos del Pirineo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1428.
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Se estudia por vez primera la morfología de todas las superficies de agua con al menos media hectárea de todo el Pirineo. Caracterizamos morfométricamente estos lagos en base a variables tradicionales, medidas en la cartografía y ortofotos a escala 1:25000. En particular, el área permite estimar la profundidad máxima, y ésta la profundidad media.
Asimismo se relacionan los tamaños y formas de los lagos con diversas variables limnológicas, topoclimáticas, y morfoestructurales. Existe una correlación muy significativa entre la profundidad media y la concentración de clorofila a, la cual sugiere que la producción primaria podría estar controlada en parte por la morfometría de estos lagos.
Se confirma la observación de otros autores de que los lagos situados en la vertiente norte del Pirineo se hallan a una altitud media inferior a la de aquellos situados en la vertiente sur.
Se observan unas orientaciones preferentes de los circos lacustres -la N y la NE-, las cuales se suelen considerar como las más favorables a la acumulación de hielo. Aun siendo menos frecuentes, sorprende el elevado número de circos orientados a sur.
Los lagos con mayor profundidad relativa se hallan en circos con orientaciones favorables a la acumulación del hielo (septentrionales). Los que están en circos con orientaciones desfavorables (S, SO, O) se hallan a una mayor altitud, y los circos están más sobrexcavados y tienen una forma bastante más ancha que larga.
En el conjunto de los lagos aparecen dos clases de direcciones dominantes (O-NO), las cuales coinciden con las direcciones predominantes de algunas de las fallas principales del Pirineo, con la de encabalgamientos y pliegues pirenaicos, y en general con la dirección de la propia cordillera.
La mayoría de los lagos del Pirineo están situados en sustratos granitoides, y son en promedio más alargados, tienen una mayor área de la cuenca de drenaje, y sus litorales son más irregulares que los situados en el resto de litologías.
Aunque hemos contado en todo el Pirineo 1035 lagos con 0.5 ha o más, la densidad lacustre de la región es sorprendentemente baja, y similar a la de las regiones áridas del mundo, siendo muy inferior a la de otras regiones de montaña que conocieron los efectos de las glaciaciones. Observamos que la mayor parte de la superficie lacustre del Pirineo ha sido ya colmatada.
Se estudia por vez primera la forma del contorno de los lagos mediante el análisis de Fourier. Los coeficientes elípticos de los primeros 12 a 24 armónicos proporcionan una reconstrucción aceptable del contorno de la mayoría de lagos del Pirineo, y por lo tanto sirven como una descripción abreviada de dichos contornos en relación a la habitual mediante coordenadas cartesianas. Su aplicación a una muestra de lagos con formas alargadas permite agruparlos en base a las formas de sus litorales.
Aunque los litorales de los lagos del Pirineo presentan valores bajos de la dimensión fractal, suman una longitud total de 800 km a escala 1:25000, es decir, una enorme longitud de costa; ello da una idea de la importancia de los procesos y entradas potenciales que tienen lugar en la interfase que representa el litoral, y que compensarían en pequeña medida la oligotrofia edáfica. Una parte de los lagos presentan litorales con un carácter fractal autosimilar aleatorio.
El estrecho rango de valores en que es lineal la gráfica de frecuencias acumuladas de áreas de todos los lagos del Pirineo impide interpretarla como fractal.
Un análisis fractal de la distribución de los lagos en tres regiones lacustres de origen glacial (Boí (Pirineo); Hardanger (Noruega); Isla Riesco (Chile)) sugiere que estos sistemas podrían hallarse en un punto crítico con una una autoorganización próxima a una transición de fase.
Lake morphometry: An application to the lakes of the Pyrenees.
All the water surfaces of the Pyrenees with at least 0.5 hectares are morphologically studied.
First, they are characterized through traditional morphometric variables measured on maps and aerial orthophotographs; these include surface area, shoreline length, maximum and mean depth, volume, maximum length, as well as shape indexes such as the relative depth, the ratio of mean to maximum depth, the ratio of maximum length to mean width, shoreline development, insulosity, drainage area to lake area ratio, and limnic ratio. In particular, maximum depth can be predicted from surface area.
Their sizes and shapes are then related to several limnological, topoclimatic and morphostructural variables, among which geographical situation, cirque aspect and form, and geology (structure and lithology).
The lakes show a dominant orientation, which is coincident with that of some of the main faults, folds, thrusts, and the orientation of the range itself.
Most lakes are on granitoid substrates; these are more elongated, have more irregular shorelines, and have larger drainage areas than lakes on other lithologies.
Although our census yields a figure of 1035 lakes, the limnic ratio of the region is surprisingly low, and cannot be accounted for only by the disappearance of most of its original lacustrine extension due to basin infilling.
Also, the shapes of the littorals are characterized through Fourier and fractal analyses.
A classification with elliptic Fourier coefficients clusters together lakes with similar shapes, as well as lakes on granitoids, and dammed lakes.
Although the littorals of the Pyrenean lakes have low degrees of irregularity, they sum up a total length of 800 km at a scale of 1:25000. Some of them are random self-similar fractals.
The cumulative size distribution of the lakes shows scale invariance only in a narrow range of sizes, so that we could not conclude that it is fractal. Moreover, the variation of the value of the divider and box-counting dimensions of contour lines with altitude suggests that the relief may be multifractal.
A fractal analysis of the distribution of lakes in three districts of glacial origin suggests that they are in a state of self-organized criticality.
KEYWORDS: lake morphometry, Pyrenees, fractal, elliptic Fourier analysis, self-organized criticality
2
Cavalcanti, José Rafael de Albuquerque. "Influência da hidrodinâmica no metabolismo de lagos rasos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/77942.
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Este trabalho parte da hipótese que a hidrodinâmica influencia o metabolismo de um lago. Para testar esta hipótese, este estudo utilizou uma estratégia numérica baseada em processos para avaliar o efeito da hidrodinâmica (governada pelo vento) sobre as estimativas de metabolismo (GPP, NEP e R) considerando a heterogeneidade espacial da lagoa Mangueira, um grande lago raso subtropical na costa sul do Brasil. O efeito da hidrodinâmica dominada pelo vento no metabolismo foi avaliado pela mudança da série de vento original (direção e intensidade), totalizando cinco novos cenários de vento. A avaliação espacial foi desenvolvida em quatro áreas (Norte, Centro, Sul e a lagoa como um todo) e em zonas biológicas (zona limnética e zona litorânea). Os resultados indicaram que há diferenças nas estimativas de metabolismo (GPP, NEP e R) entre as regiões da lagoa Mangueira considerando a situação com a série de vento original. Em geral, a diferença média nas estimativas de metabolismo entre a região Norte e a região Sul foi de 3,81 mgO2/m³/dia (p-value<0,05) para o GPP, 3,32 mgO2/m³/dia para R (p-value<0,05) e 0,49 mgO2/m³/dia (p-value<0,05) para NEP. A diferença entre a zona litorânea e a zona limnética na lagoa Mangueira como um todo foi de 10,1 mgO2/m³/dia para GPP, para R foi de 1,3 mgO2/m³/dia e para NEP foi de 8,8 mgO2/m³/dia. O metabolismo geral da lagoa também apresentou variações sazonais, alternando entre períodos autotróficos (NEP>0, em 41,0 % do tempo) e períodos heterotróficos (NEP<0, em 59,0 % do tempo). As estimativas de metabolismo da Lagoa Mangueira e nas regiões delimitadas se mostraram sensíveis a alterações no vento. Cada área delimitada apresentou resposta diferente às alterações nas séries de vento. Os cenários de vento testados mostram que a hidrodinâmica causa diferenças significativas no metabolismo da Lagoa Mangueira. O balanço de oxigênio neste ecossistema foi influenciado pela taxa de reaeração, pela produção primária e pela respiração do fitoplâncton. Os outros processos considerados no balanço de oxigênio não demonstraram contribuições importantes para o metabolismo geral do ecossistema.The hypothesis of this work is that hydrodynamics can alter the lake metabolism. To evaluate this hypothesis this study used a process-based strategy for evaluating the effect of wind-driven hydrodynamics on estimates of lake metabolism (GPP, R, and NEP) considering the spatial heterogeneity in Lake Mangueira, a subtropical grate lake in southern coast of Brazil. The effect of wind-driven hydrodynamics over the lake metabolism was evaluated by changes in the original wind series (direction and intensity), totalizing five new sets of wind scenarios. The spatial evaluation was carried in four different areas (North, Center, South, and the lake as a whole) and in two different biological zones (littoral zone and limnetic zone). Our findings indicate that there are differences on estimates of lake metabolism between the four areas taking into account the original wind time series. In general, the differences on lake metabolism estimates between the Norte region and the South region was 3.81 mgO2/m³/day (p-value<0,05) for GPP, 3.32 mgO2/m³/day (p-value<0,05) for R, and 0.49 mgO2/m³/day (p-value<0,05) for NEP. The difference between the littoral zone and the limnetic zone in the Lake Mangueira as a whole was 10.1 mgO2/m³/day for GPP, 1.3 mgO2/m³/day for R, and 8.8 mgO2/m³/day for NEP. The overall lake metabolism also presented seasonal variations, alternating among autotrophic periods (NEP>0, 41.0% of the time), and heterotrophic periods (NEP<0, 59.0% of the time). Estimates of lake metabolism in Lake Mangueira as a whole were sensitive to changes in the wind time series. Each area showed different response to the changes in wind time series. The tested sets of wind scenarios showed that wind-driven hydrodynamics can significantly alter the Lake Mangueira metabolism estimates. The overall oxygen balance in this system was mostly influenced by reaeration, and by the primary production and respiration of phytoplankton. The other processes considered in the oxygen balance showed no significant contributions to the overall metabolism of the ecosystem.
3
Becker, Vanessa. "Variação da estrutura e da biomassa fitoplanctônica na Lagoa Itapeva (Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul) em função da hidrodinâmica." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2524.
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As lagoas costeiras em geral exibem reduzidas profundidades máximas, sendo portanto, ambientes altamente vulneráveis às oscilações dos fatores climáticos, em particular o vento. Movimentos da água em zonas pelágicas são fortemente influenciados por mudanças no tempo, as quais promovem mudanças no plâncton. A biomassa é uma importante variável em ecossistemas aquáticos uma vez que representa a quantidade de energia estocada em certo nível trófico da comunidade biológica. O trabalho teve como hipótese principal do trabalho que o vento (principal fator determinante na hidrodinâmica da Lagoa Itapeva), influencia diretamente a biomassa fitoplanctônica. Períodos de ausência de ventos ou ventos fracos provocam uma homogeneidade da comunidade, devido á estabilidade da coluna d’água, propiciando eventos de florações com alta biomassa e baixa diversidade. Outra hipótese formulada é que há variação espaço-temporal da biomassa, da diversidade de espécies e das diferentes frações de tamanho na Lagoa Itapeva, no período estudado. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito do vento, principal fator hidrodinâmico da Lagoa Itapeva, sobre a comunidade fitoplanctônica em termos de biomassa, diversidade de espécies e categorias de tamanho. A Lagoa Itapeva é a primeira lagoa do Sistema Lagunar de Tramandaí no sentido N→S. Foram realizadas análises espaciais, formando-se três pontos de amostragem (Norte, Centro e Sul) ao longo do maior eixo longitudinal da lagoa, aliada a uma escala temporal diária (turnos de amostragem: 6h, 10h, 14h e 18h) e sazonal (quatro estações do ano), procurando estabelecer padrões e relações com os fatores hidrodinâmicos (velocidade e direção de vento, e nível d’água). Durante o estudo a Divisão Cyanophyta foi a responsável pelos elevados valores de biomassa observados nos pontos de amostragem. Este fato deve-se principalmente às florações de Anabaena circinalis durante as campanhas sazonais. A biomassa foi a variável que melhor se relacionou com os fatores físicos (nível d’água e velocidade média do vento) pela ação dos ventos de quadrantes predominantes que resultavam num fetch efetivo longo. Neste estudo foram apresentados índices de diversidade de espécies calculados através de indivíduos (H’ind) e de biomassa (H’ biom). Estes índices apresentaram estreitas relações positivas entre si. Os índices também apresentaram relações diretas e significativas com os fatores físicos (nível d’água e velocidade média do vento). Na Lagoa Itapeva, a contribuição das diferentes categorias de tamanho em função da biomassa (estimada através do biovolume), ressaltou três frações que melhor representaram a comunidade fitoplanctônica: nanoplâncton, microplâncton e netplâncton. A fração netplanctônica predominou sobre as demais frações de tamanho. A predominância desta fração sobre as outras estudadas deu-se principalmente às espécies de colônias filamentosas Aulacoseira granulata, Anabaena circinalis e A. spiroides. O comportamento da comunidade fitoplanctônica na Lagoa Itapeva sugere estar de acordo com a Hipótese de Distúrbio Intermediário de Connell (1978). Os distúrbios intensos (provocados pelos forte ventos e fetch longo) ou a falta deste (criando um ambiente estável), nos pontos de amostragem, resultaram em florações da cianobactéria Anabaena circinalis. Essas florações proveram uma densa biomassa em todo o período da pesquisa, além de promoverem a baixa diversidade através do domínio desta cianobactéria, e provocar sucessões das frações de tamanho do fitoplâncton.
4
Ayeni, Benedict. "Mushin, un quartier de Lagos." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX23006.
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Lagos, la ville la plus peuplee d'afrique noire (avec une population de plus de 8 millions pour un pays d'environ 100 millions d'habitants) a atteste l'une des croissances demographiques des plus explosives des pays en voie de developpement ces trois dernieres decennies (taux de croissance d'environ 9,4% par an). Cette croissance, essentiellement liee a la migration d'un afflux de ruraux, s'est traduite par la proliferation d'habitats insalubres et de bidonvilles dans plusieurs quartiers de la ville. Mushin, le quartier le plus peuple de lagos en est un exemple representatif puisqu'il cumule les principaux problemes urbains: manque de logements; insuffisance des infrastructures de base ; defaillance des services urbains; inorganisation des transports collectifs et enfin, augmentation du chomage qui tend a rendre preponderant le secteur informel dans l'economieLagos, the most populous african city (with a population actually estimated over 8 million in a country of about 100 million inhabitants), has attested one of the most explosive demographical growths in the developing countries the last three decades (annual growth rate of about 9,4%). This accelerated demographic growth, is essentially due to mass rural migration, which has resulted in proliferation of insanitary dwellings and slums in several districts of the metropolis. Mushin, the most populated district of metropolitan lagos is a typical example, because it accumulates the major urban problems: the existing stock of housing can not cope with the fast growing population; lack of basic infrastructures; inefficiency of public utilities; inorganization of public transportation and finally increase of unemplyment resulting in preponderance of informal sector of the economy
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Dias, Nelson Luís da Costa. "Estimativas climatológicas de evaporação em lagos." Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/3695.
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Os fundamentos físicos e as evidências empíricas usados nos modelos atualmente disponíveis para a estimação da evaporação em lagos a partir de dados climatológicos são apresentados, seguindo-se uma descrição de alguns destes modelos. É feita uma revisão crítica de cada modelo em termos de requerimento de dados, aproximações feitas, etc. Dados climatológicos coletados na região do reservatório de Sobradinho são usados para estimar a evaporação potencial e a evaporação em lago. Estudos de sensibilidade permitem constatar a importância de cada dado de entrada de um modelo climatológico de evaporação, e a variabilidade espacial dos modelos climatológicos em comparação com estimativas baseadas em dados evaporimétricos.
The physical background and empirical evidence used in currently available models that estimate evaporation in lakes from climatological data are presented, followed by a description of some of these models. A critical review of each model is done, in terms of its data requirements, the aproximations it makes, etc. Climatological data collected at the region of the Sobradinho reservoir is used to estimate potential and lake evaporation. Sensitivity studies evaluate the relative importance of each input data to a climatological model, and the spatial variability of such models, compared with evaporimeter-data based estimates.
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Aluko, Stella Ola. "The Impact of Student-Faculty Informal Interpersonal Relationships on Intellectual and Personal Development in the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278055/.
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This study was conducted to determine the impact of student-faculty informal interpersonal relationships on the intellectual development and personal achievement of students attending the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Specifically, the work of Pascarella and Terenzini was generalized with respect to the positive influence of student-faculty interactions on academic outcomes. Additionally, the work of Pascarella and Terenzini was extended with a sample of students at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. Eight hundred subjects were selected for the study; 621 subjects responded. One survey instrument was used. Frequencies and multiple regression analyses were used. A series of studies on student-faculty interaction has shown a significant relationship between student-faculty informal contact and student outcomes. A large number of studies have also indicated that student outcomes are not independent of students' background. Therefore, pre-enrollment characteristics were controlled for this study.
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Rojas, Lizama Pedro Antonio. "Estudio experimental de la respuesta espacio-temporal de ondas gravitacionales en un flujo afectado débilmente por la rotación del medio." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137057.
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Ingeniero CivilLos procesos físicos y bioquímicos de lagos estratificados están fuertemente relacionados con la dinámica de las ondas gravitacionales superficiales e internas, las cuales son excitadas principalmente por la acción del viento en la superficie libre. Dependiendo del tamaño y de la latitud del cuerpo lacustre, la estructura espacio-temporal del campo de ondas gravitacionales puede comenzar a ser afectada por la rotación terrestre, posibilitando la existencia de dos clases de ondas de gravedad de gran escala, conocidas ampliamente como ondas de Kelvin y ondas de Poincaré. La dinámica de éstas ondas puede verse alterada por fenómenos no-lineales, permitiendo la formación de ondas con características no-lineales, tales como las ondas tipo solitarias. En el Laboratorio de Hidráulica Francisco J. Domínguez, ubicado en el Departamento de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad de Chile, se cuenta con un estanque cilíndrico montado sobre una mesa rotatoria con capacidad de inclinación, al interior de una cámara oscura. Allí se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental, con el objetivo de analizar la respuesta espacio-temporal de ondas gravitacionales - superficiales e internas - en un flujo afectado débilmente por la rotación del medio. Para ello, se realizaron 54 experimentos barotrópicos de una capa, donde se varió tanto la rotación como la inclinación inicial del sistema, y 3 experimentos baroclínicos de dos capas, donde se varió la rotación del medio y se delimitó superiormente el flujo con una tapa rígida. El campo de ondas de gravedad es excitado mediante la liberación de una inclinación lineal (diametral) inicial de las interfaces agua-aire y de densidad, respectivamente. La condición inicial induce ondas del tipo Kelvin y Poincaré, en respuesta al gradiente de presión horizontal inicial y a la rotación del medio, excitando todos los modos radiales del sistema y el modo azimutal fundamental. La evolución temporal de la perturbación de las interfaces se ha registrado con un CCD a lo largo del plano diametral inicialmente forzado, mediante la utilización del método óptico de fluorescencia inducida por láser (LIF). Adicionalmente, para los experimentos barotrópicos, la evolución temporal de la perturbación interfacial se registró en el borde mediante un sensor tipo capacitivo. El acoplamiento de ambos métodos permite caracterizar espacialmente el campo de ondas de gravedad. Resultados obtenidos del espectro de densidad potencial (PSD) y de la transformada de wavelet (WT) evidencian distintos comportamientos dinámicos del campo de ondas gravitacionales en función del espacio, la rotación y la perturbación inicial. Los resultados dan cuenta de una transferencia de energía, en el espectro gravitacional, desde los modos fundamentales de baja frecuencia, a sub-modos radiales y azimutales de alta frecuencia. La estructura de la cascada de energía está influenciada por la rotación y el régimen dinámico de las ondas de gran escala.
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Hayman, David Thomas Stuart. "Lagos bat virus ecology in Eidolon helvum." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609767.
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Aboutorabi, S. Mohsen. "Problems of housing in Lagos : the socio-cultural dimension of the provision of housing for the urban poor in Lagos." Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 1986. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/4040/.
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Silva, Angela Fileno da. "Vozes de Lagos: brasileiros em tempos do Império Britânico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-15082016-094155/.
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A ideia de que os brasileiros estabelecidos em Lagos elaboraram identidades cambiantes que se reformularam em resposta aos contextos apresentados ao longo do período de 1840 a 1900, constituiu o foco central desta tese. Neste sentido, proponho compreender os contextos em que os brasileiros de Lagos tiveram de ressignificar e atualizar os signos responsáveis por conferir identificação aos integrantes de seu grupo. Para isto, selecionei um conjunto de documentos formado por três tipos de fontes. Com o propósito de entender como os brasileiros eram representados por missionários anglicanos e metodistas, exploradores, oficiais da marinha e cônsules britânicos analisei as narrativas de viagem, relatórios enviados ao Foreign Office e artigos publicados em revistas mantidas por associações científicas da época. O segundo grupo de documentos corresponde a três jornais publicados em Lagos entre os anos de 1881 e 1900, a saber: The Lagos Observer, The Lagos Weekly Record e o periódico oficial do governo colonial britânico, The Government Gazette. A leitura destas fontes revelou aspectos importantes acerca da participação dos brasileiros na sociedade lagosiana da segunda metade do século XIX. O terceiro compêndio de fontes é formado por relatórios anuais elaborados pela administração colonial da cidade e reunidos sob a denominação de Blue Books. Este conjunto de registros trata dos mais diferentes assuntos relacionados ao governo britânico operado na cidade e constitui importante fonte para análise acerca da maneira como os brasileiros eram representados pelo governo colonial. A partir destes três conjuntos de documentos tornou-se possível perceber as formas como os signos de pertencimento que definiam as identidades dos brasileiros foram elaborados a partir do contato, das trocas e das disputas entre os demais componentes sociais existentes na cidade de Lagos oitocentista.The Brazilians established in Lagos developed shifting identities which were reshaped in response to the presented contexts throughout the period 1840 to 1900, was the central focus of this thesis. In this regard, I propose to understand the contexts in which the Brazilian from Lagos had to reframe and update the responsible signs for checking identification to the members of their group. For this, I selected a set of documents composed of three types of sources. In order to understand how Brazilians were represented by Anglican and Methodist missionaries, explorers, officers of the Navy and British consuls, I analyzed the travel narratives, reports to the Foreign Office and articles published in magazines kept by scientific associations at the time. The second group of documents corresponds to three newspapers published in Lagos between the years 1881 and 1900, namely: The Lagos Observer, The Lagos Weekly Record and the official journal of the British colonial government, The Government Gazette. Reading these sources revealed important aspects concerning the Brazilian participation in Lagos society in the second half of the nineteenth century. The third compendium of sources consists of annual reports by the colonial administration of the city and gathered under the name of Blue Books. This set of records focus on the most different topics related to the British government based in the city and is an important source of analysis about the way the Brazilians were represented by the colonial government. From these three sets of documents it was possible to see the ways in which the belonging signs which defined the identity of Brazilians were prepared from the contact, exchanges and disputes between the other social components existing in the Lagos of the nineteenth century.
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Cardoso, Simone Jaqueline. "Influência da morfometria de lagos na diversidade fitoplanctônica." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2009. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4697.
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A morfometria trata da quantificação e medida dos diversos elementos da forma, englobando, portanto, o conjunto de métodos para medir as dimensões físicas de um indivíduo ou sistema. As avaliações morfológicas têm sido um mecanismo de estudo de muitas áreas dentro da ciência e funcionam como ferramentas fundamentais tanto em escala microscópica, quanto em dimensões ecossistêmicas. Em sistemas lacustres, a compreensão dos fatores que envolvem variáveis morfométricas é de grande importância; pois, esses fatores, podem contribuir com muitas informações a respeito de suas estruturas e funções, sobre a dinâmica de cadeias tróficas, e a regulação do fluxo de substâncias desses ambientes. A morfologia dos sistemas lacustres é um fator importante também na distribuição de espécies em diferentes níveis de observação, sejam eles, locais, regionais ou globais. Resultados que suportam esta aplicabilidade foram encontrados neste estudo, que utilizou a comunidade fitoplanctônica como modelo de estudo. Foram realizados levantamentos morfométricos e de riqueza fitoplanctônica em 26 lagos amazônicos de águas claras e em 40 diferentes lagos naturais e artificiais, sendo 20 lagos brasileiros e 20 lagos de diferentes regiões do mundo. Através de regressões lineares simples, foram encontradas relações positivas significativas (p<0,005) entre a riqueza de espécies fitoplanctônicas e parâmetros morfométricos como área, perímetro, volume, índice de desenvolvimento de margem e índice de desenvolvimento de volume. No entanto, o índice de desenvolvimento de margem, foi o que me melhor representou a relação entre complexidade do sistema e a riqueza de espécies do fitoplâncton, caracterizando um efeito de borda em lagos.
Morphometry is the measurement of various elements of form, and it includes methods to measure since the physical dimensions of an individual to the dimensions of a system. Morphological evaluations are good study mechanisms in many areas of science and work as fundamental tools from a microscopic scale to the dimensions of an ecosystem. In lakes, the understanding of the factors involving morphometric variables is of great importance. These factors can contribute with a lot of information about the structures and functions, on the dynamics of food chains, and on regulating the flow of substances such systems. The morphology of lakes is also an important factor in the species distribution at different levels of observation, whether local, regional or global. Results supporting this applicability were found in this study, which used the phytoplankton community as a model. It was performed surveys on morphometric features and phytoplankton richness in 26 Amazonian clear water lakes and on 40 different natural and artificial lakes, 20 lakes in Brazil and 20 lakes in different regions of the world. Through linear regression, we found significant positive relationships (p<0.005) between phytoplankton richness and morphometric parameters such as area, perimeter, volume, shoreline development and volume development. Although, the shoreline development was the one that best correlated to the phytoplankton diversity, featuring such an edge effect in lakes.
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Andreani, Cabezas Francisca, and Santana Nicolás Kinast. "Innovación social en la Región de Los Lagos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/139939.
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Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención AdministraciónEn la presente tesis, se realiza un estudio sobre el Programa Innovación Social Los Lagos, programa que busca potenciar y desarrollar emprendimientos e innovaciones sociales en la región de los lagos. La investigación se centra en responder ¿La plataforma de Innovación Social abierta Los Lagos, sirve como espacio para la co-creación de ideas de innovación social para resolver los desafíos priorizados para la región? Para esto, se realiza un análisis descriptivo en base a datos obtenidos de forma exploratoria no concluyente, dadas las limitaciones de tiempo para el levantamiento de datos cuantitativos. Mediante la realización y el uso de la metodología de teoría de cambio aplicada al programa, la cual está basada en la definición de las necesidades principales que son abordadas por la plataforma, procesos y evaluaciones de impacto, se permite medir la factibilidad y la utilidad que ésta propone para promover la innovación social en la región. Dentro de las principales conclusiones que se obtuvieron en esta tesis se encuentra que el programa logra promover e incentivar la innovación social en la región, generando espacios de interacción entre distintos agentes sociales a través de la co-creación, pero ésta se presenta en distintos niveles en los dos tipos de plataforma que emplea, destacando las fortalezas de la plataforma offline la cual potencia el trabajo colaborativo, articulación, desarrollo de habilidades y entrega de herramientas para el levantamiento de soluciones sociales y el proceso de co-creación de éstas, sin embargo, el rendimiento de la plataforma online es ineficiente como medio para facilitar y promover la co-creación, teniendo potencial para esto.
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Dayomi, Abiodun. "Croissance urbaine et transports urbains a Lagos (Nigéria)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32056.
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Les transports en commun assurent pres de 70% des deplacements de personnes a travers l'agglomeration de lagos mais souffrent de graves problemes que nous avons etudies systematiquement en essayant de trouver les raisons au-dela des aspects techniques de l'insuffisance de l'offre -"formels" et "intermediaires"- a une demande tres forte, relevant aussi de determinations economiques, historiques et politiques caracterises par des rapports de domination interne et externe que l'on peut en par- tie reconstituer a partir de l'analyse: -de l'occupation de l'espace; -de la politique "tout automobile-toute routiere" des annees 70; -du modele economique nigerian base sur les "rentrees petrolieres" et l'automobile comme moteur de develop- pement industriel; -des conflits institutionnels qui ont contribue a former l'es- pace lagosien. Ce qui precede explique: -l'urbanisation non-planifiee de l'agglo- meration; -des mutations urbaines rapides; -des infrastructures de transports urbains insuffisantes et un transport urbain assure entierement par les transports informels dans une agglomeration de plus de 6 millions d'habitants. L'offre de transports qui n'a cesse de diminuer depuis 1975 par rapport a une population dont le revenu et taux de motorisation ont plus que double (43%) n'a pas echappe aux autorites mais aucune mesure n'a ete prise pour les transports collec- tifs jusqu'en 1981 quand etaient lances les travaux relatifs a un projet ferroviaire (metro) sur proposition du master-plan (schema-directeur). Il devrait permettre une amelioration des deplacements, une reorganisation de transports de surface et une renovation du centre et le rapprochement des quartiers eloignes "non-integres". Mais la crise economique principalement due a la mevente du petrole a amene au gel du projet et risque d'en limiter la portee. Nous avons propose un projet ferroviaire urbain qui reutiliserait les emprises de la n. R. C. Qui traversent l'agglomeration tout en diminuant le cout et en proposant les moyens de financement des travaux (deja pratiques ailleurs)Public transportations accounts for about 70% of passenger movements in the lagos metropolis. But it suffers from serious problems that we've chosen to analyse systematically in the study with a view to finding reasons that go beyond simple "supply and demand" (including intermediate transports) and infrastructure to political, economic and historical determinants that have formed what is known as lagos today. These we can reconstitute by the analysis of: - land use; - the policy of "all automobile-all routes" programme of the 70; -an economic model based on revenue derived from the oil industry and an economic engine room based on the motor industry; -institutional and regional conflicts that have contributed informing the metropolis. The above explain: -the unplanned urbanisation of the agglomeration; -rapid changes dand urban decay; -inadequate transport infrastructure and a transport demand met only by "intermediate" means. The supply side which has been on the decline since 1975 relative to a fast- growing population (6 millions) whose income has more than doubled in 10 years- and which has a 43% motorisation level -has note escaped the attention of the authorities but nothing tangible was done until the metro project was launched in 1981. This project -now suspended - was expected at its completion to facilitate passenger-movements, a re-organisation of surface transport and an urbain renewal of the central areas and the integration of far-flung areas on the urbain fringe. But the economic crisis in the country - due principally to the fall in price of the only revenue-earner (petrol) - has led to the suspension of the project. We have thus proposed a low-cost replacement of the above project. The urban railway proposed will use the existing right-of-way of the n. R. C. Thereby cutting costs and improving the viabilite. A series of financial means is also included. N. R. C. : nigerian railway corporation
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Dayomi, Abiodun. "Croissance urbaine et transports urbains à Lagos, Nigeria." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375969856.
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Agbiboa, Daniel Egiegba. "Frontiers of urban survival : everyday corruption and precarious existence in Lagos." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4e5b8c4b-3a5d-41de-82d3-a58a29649cbd.
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The vast corpus of works on corruption in Africa focuses almost exclusively on 'grand corruption' and political elites (so-called 'Big Men'), and hardly on 'everyday corruption' and ordinary actors. When everyday corruption appears in the literature, it is frequently explained away as petty and/or normal - something expected and accepted. In this study, I take issue with this predominant narrative, couched in an equally dominant but narrow Weberian notion of corruption. Grounding corruption in the micro-politics of urban public transport in Lagos, Nigeria's commercial capital and Africa's largest city, I argue that ordinary actors detest the corruption that they encounter daily. At the same time, their power(lessness) in the face of its banality compels them to constantly devise tactics to find a way around it or to make it productive for their ends. Structured into six chapters, the study begins by probing the popular imagination, discourse, and spatiality of corruption. It then shows how corruption is embedded in routine socio-economic relations, how it conditions ordinary lives and social livelihoods, and how everyday actors encounter it, exploit it, resist it, or become its victims each day. The study required eight months of ethnographic fieldwork grounded on the routine experiences and lifeworlds of road transport workers in Lagos, Nigeria. My direct experience of the 'surrounds' of these urban actors, the 'junctions' that constitute the spatial hinge of violent extortion and complicity, and routine participation in the omnipresent 'danfos' (commercial minibus-taxis) enabled access to a sense of how this complex system works.
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Palacín, Lizarbe Carlos. "Denitrification in mountain lakes = Desnitrificación en lagos de montaña." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668802.
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The reservoir size and pathway rates of the nitrogen (N) cycle have been deeply modified by the human enhancement of N fixation, atmospheric emissions, and climate warming, doubling the reactive nitrogen (Nr) available in the biosphere. Denitrification transforms nitrate into nitrogenous gas and thus removes Nr back to the atmospheric reservoir. Across ecosystems, there is still rather limited knowledge of the denitrification rates and their relationships with environmental factors and the N-transforming guilds, particularly, for the abundant cold and N-poor freshwater systems.
The main goal of this thesis was to improve the current knowledge of denitrification in mountain lakes. In particular, we studied eleven pristine oligotrophic mountain lakes that have been affected by a high N deposition. The selected lakes showed a gradient of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the water due to different lake productivity. We focused on spatial rather than in temporal variation, sampling during the ice-free period. Within lakes, we focused on the sediments because of their known higher denitrification rates than the water column. Specifically, we studied sediments near the deepest point of the lake, lithic biofilms from littoral cobbles, and littoral sediments from beds of isoetid and elodeid macrophytes, helophyte (Carex rostrata) belts, and rocky areas.
We aimed to measure the denitrification activity as similar as possible to in situ conditions, with this aim we used little disturbed sediment cores and in situ temperature for the denitrification rate measurements. We characterized the environment by including proximal (benthic) and more distal (lake) descriptors to capture potential drivers acting at different spatial scales. Denitrification is part of the N cycle, and other processes facilitate (e.g. nitrification) or compete (e.g. DNRA) with this pathway. Using molecular tools, we quantified the guilds involved in the main N-transformation pathways in benthic habitats (article I) and related them to the denitrification rates (article IV). We have also developed a method appropriate for estimating denitrification rates in any aquatic system with retrievable sediment cores (article II). Finally, we showed the interest of quantifying the temperature dependence of the process at different degrees of substrate limitation but within the range — or a beat above — the in situ substrate levels, instead of the typical quantification at substrate saturation (article III).
Following, there is a summary of the main findings. There is a complex N-transforming guild composition in benthic habitats of mountain lakes, which is deeply embedded in the overall prokaryotic community. These N-transforming guilds differ in the dominant pathway depending on the habitat and productivity of the lake, with the DNRA-denitrification dichotomy as the greatest differentia- tion (article I). The denitrification temperature dependence increases with nitrate limitation (article III). There is an average current denitrification rate of 1.5 μmol N O m-2 h-1 in the sediments of the Pyrenean lakes with higher activity in littoral than in the deep zones. The factors controlling current and potential denitrification rates differ. Current denitrification is controlled by the NO -/ NO - availability and secondarily by temperature; whereas potential denitrification is controlled by landscape productivity, the sulphate content, and the DNRA-denitrification (nrfA-nirS) competition (article IV).
The best candidate drivers, i.e. temperature, organic matter quantity and quality, and spatio- temporal redox conditions affecting the overall prokaryotic community and the N-transforming guilds are discussed. The estimated denitrification rates are compared to other mountain lake sediments, discussing the spatial variations, the controls, and the methods used. Finally, some unsolved questions of the N cycle in mountain lakes are discussed.
Overall this thesis contributes to increasing the knowledge of denitrification and other processes of the N cycle. The findings are probably not restricted only to mountain lakes encompassing other oligotrophic and remote ecosystems.El ciclo del nitrógeno (N) ha sido profundamente modificado por la fijación industrial de N, el aumento de emisiones, y el calentamiento global, doblando el nitrógeno reactivo (Nr) disponible en la biosfera. La desnitrificación transforma el nitrato en gases nitrogenados eliminando Nr del sistema. Hay un conocimiento muy limitado de las tasas de desnitrificación, así como de los gremios microbianos implicados en la transformación de N, especialmente en sistemas oligotróficos de aguadulce. El principal objetivo de esta tesis es ampliar el conocimiento actual de la desnitrificación en lagos de montaña. Para ello, se estudiaron once lagos oligotróficos afectados por una alta deposición de N, que muestran un gradiente de nitrógeno inorgánico disuelto debido a una diferente productividad dentro de la oligotrofia. Concretamente se estudiaron los sedimentos del punto más profundo del lago, las biopelículas de las piedras litorales, y los sedimentos litorales de las áreas rocosas, de los cinturones de Carex rostrata, y de los lechos de macrófitas isoétidas y elodéidas. Se ha encontrado una compleja composición de gremios transformadores de N profundamente arraigada en la comunidad procariota general de los hábitats bentónicos. La ruta dominante de transformación de N cambia dependiendo del hábitat y la productividad del lago con la dicotomía DNRA-desnitrificación como mayor diferencia, con una dominancia de los desnitrificantes reductores de nitritos (nirS) en las capas superficiales de los sedimentos de los lagos someros, más cálidos y productivos. También una creciente dependencia de la temperatura en la desnitrificación al aumen- tar la limitación de nitratos. Se ha estimado una tasa promedio de desnitrificación de 1.5 μmol N2O m-2 h-1 en los sedimentos de los lagos pirenaicos, con mayor actividad en la zona litoral que en la profunda. Diferentes variables controlan las tasas de desnitrificación actuales y potenciales; las pri- meras están controladas por la disponibilidad de nitratos y secundariamente por la temperatura, las potenciales están controladas por la productividad del sistema, el contenido de sulfatos y la compe- tencia DNRA-desnitrificación (nrfA-nirS). Esta tesis contribuye a aumentar el conocimiento del ciclo del N, y probablemente, los resultados obtenidos son extrapolables a otros ecosistemas oligotróficos y de áreas remotas.
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Ogunba, Adebola. "Sustainable Groundwater Management in Lagos, Nigeria: The Regulatory Framework"." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34437.
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This doctoral research focuses on groundwater degradation in Lagos, Nigeria. Groundwater is a critically important natural resource in Lagos that is presently troubled by pollution that emanates from solid waste and wastewater. The city generates 10,000 metric tons of waste and 350 million gallons of wastewater daily, all of which are improperly managed and are heavily polluting its groundwater. This direct environmental pollution is aggravated by indirect problems of over-urbanization, and legal and institutional shortcomings. Over-urbanization in Lagos has resulted into a monumental population of 21 million people in the tiny city, which generates the enormous quantities of solid waste and wastewater. The population places a tremendous burden on the city’s water resources, forcing residents to revert to groundwater which is suffering the plight of pollution, and hence the concern of this research. The pollution problem is worsened by civic apathy to environmental matters, and unresolved by a nascent water sector whose evolving governance structures do not adequately address the multi-dimensional pollution problem. In the final analysis, the absence of holistic and comprehensive groundwater legislation that addresses all these problems challenges the sustainability of this vital resource.
The research adopts a cross-disciplinary approach by combining several methodologies: historical legal analysis, important insights from scientific studies and from sociological studies that rationalize the demographical movement to Lagos which is at the root of the pollution problem; field work investigation to confirm the fact, source, and extent of polluted groundwater; and a comparative approach by examining the European Union’s legal framework for managing groundwater and waste in order to extract sustainable practices for adoption in Lagos. It concludes with a range of recommendations for incorporation into a legal framework that will help to improve the sustainability of the groundwater resource. The study contributes to knowledge by attempting to close a vacuum, which is the paucity of studies that investigate underlying social factors that trigger groundwater pollution, and also by providing broad and holistic recommendations for law reform. It addresses the role of law in remediating the pollution, managing the effects of over-urbanization and overpopulation on groundwater, strengthening institutions, and eliminating legal inadequacies.
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GONZALEZ, PEDROZA LOURDES DEL CARMEN. "PROYECTO DE INVERSIÓN: EXPORTACIÓN DE AMARANTO A LAGOS, NIGERIA." Tesis de Licenciatura, UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DEL ESTADO DE MEXICO, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/94344.
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La forma de evaluación de los proyectos de inversión consiste en la comprobación de una rentabilidad y utilidades futuras. Para esto se plantearon dos hipótesis, H1: Existe demanda de consumo de amaranto en la ciudad de Lagos, Nigeria, H2: Una empresa exportadora de amaranto a Lagos, Nigeria es viable técnicamente y financieramente rentable. Tratar de comprobar estas hipótesis es la finalidad de esta investigación.
En el capítulo uno “Marco teórico” de la presente investigación, se definen los conceptos básicos de un proyecto de inversión y exportación, así como sus características, etapas y procesos para poder entender perfectamente el contexto de los objetivos y maximizar los beneficios que se obtendrán en el futuro.
En el capítulo dos “Análisis del mercado” se explican a detalle las características del producto a exportar, así como su producción y proceso de etiquetación. Se analiza el mercado nacional e internacional a través de información sobre hábitos de consumo. La competencia será punto clave para poder tomar decisiones sobre la cantidad de producto a fabricar, precio y características del etiquetado.
En el capítulo tres “Análisis técnico” se abordan temas como la especificación de las materias primas o insumos que se necesitan para obtener el producto final. Análisis sobre la mejor ubicación estratégica para la empresa, la construcción de la misma por
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Ng, Haig They. "Diversidade e metabolismo do bacterioplâncton em lagos rasos subtropicais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14356.
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A planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul apresenta vários lagos subtropicais rasos com origem semelhante e uma grande amplitude de tamanho, distância e conectividade entre lagos, e desta maneira é aqui considerada como apropriada ao endereçamento de questões tais como diversidade e metabolismo do bacterioplâncton, um tópico atual de pesquisa. Em uma primeira abordagem, nós acessamos a diversidade bacteriana usando a técnica de Hibridização in situ Fluorescente (FISH) em um sub-conjunto destes lagos e inesperados padrões biogeográficos foram encontrados, a despeito da baixa resolução taxonômica empregada por esta técnica. Uma vez que os resultados do FISH têm sido relacionados também ao estado fisiológico das células, além de diversidade, nós procuramos por uma explicação alternativa para situações metabólicas bacterianas associadas aos fatores testados. Os resultados mostraram que as macrófitas exercem um efeito negativo sobre o fitoplâncton através de mecanismos antagonistas e que este último, por sua vez, afeta as bactérias, além de um possível efeito direto sobre o fitoplâncton e o bacterioplâncton pela liberação de compostos alelopáticos e substâncias húmicas. A competição entre o fitoplâncton e as bactérias sob condições de alta densidade algal pode igualmente criar condições inadequadas para o metabolismo bacteriano. Estes resultados indicam que fatores locais podem ter um efeito importante sobre a distribuição de estados metabólicos do bacterioplâncton. Em uma segunda abordagem, nós examinamos em detalhe a transição a partir da zona litoral dominada por macrófitas até a zona pelágica dominada pelo fitoplâncton, acompanhando as respostas contínuas do bacterioplâncton à mudança de dominância de produtor primário, uma vez que os resultados da primeira abordagem demonstraram que importantes respostas das bactérias estão associadas a estes dois habitats putativos. Os resultados também indicaram um padrão de inibição na presença de macrófitas aquáticas, potencializado pelas altas cargas de substâncias húmicas dos massivos banhados circundantes. O bacterioplâncton aumentou em densidade, biovolume e biomassa em direção às zonas pelágicas, mas a Eficiência de Crescimento Bacteriana indicou que as bactérias possivelmente tenham melhor performance metabólica em locais de dominância bem definida. Mudanças na estrutura da comunidade incluindo zooplâncton, fitoplâncton e bacterioplâncton foram encontradas, confirmando constatações prévias sobre o papel estruturador das macrófitas em lagos rasos, com a comprovação adicional de que este papel aplica-se também às bactérias.The coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul state presents several subtropical shallow lakes with similar origin and a wide range of size, distance and connectivity between lakes, and therefore is considered as suitable to address questions such as bacterial diversity and metabolism, a current research subject. In a first approach we assessed bacterial diversity using the technique of Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (FISH) in a sub-set of these lakes and unexpected biogeographic patterns arised, despite the low resolution employed by this technique. Since FISH results might be linked also to physiological status of cells, rather than diversity itself, we looked for an alternative explanation for bacterial metabolic situations associated with the drivers tested. Our results showed that macrophytes exert a negative effect on phytoplankton through antagonistic mechanisms and the latter, at its turn, affects bacteria, besides a possible direct effect on phyto- and bacterioplankton by release of allelopathic compounds and humic substances. Competiton between phytoplankton and bacteria in high algal density areas can create also inadequate conditions for bacterial metabolism. These results indicate that local factors can have an important effect on bacterioplankton metabolic status distribution. In a second approach we examined in detail the transition between a macrophyte dominated littoral zone to a phytoplankton dominated pelagic zone, following the continuous responses of bacterioplankton to the shift of primary producer dominance, since our previous results from the first approach showed that important responses of bacteria are associated to this two putative habitats. Overall data showed also a pattern of inhibition in the presence of aquatic macrophytes, potentialized by high loads of humic substances from surrounding massive wetlands. Bacterioplankton increased in density, biovolume and biomass towards pelagic zones, but Bacterial Growth Efficiency indicated that bacteria might perform better in well defined dominance sites. Changes in community structure of zooplankton, phytoplankton and bacterioplanton was found, confirming previous statements about the structuring role of macrophytes in shallow lakes, with the additional comprovation that this role applies also for bacteria.
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Aligbe, Margaret Ojochide. "Investigating the use of plastic bags in Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443525.
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Lagos State in Nigeria is faced with the massive problem of waste from plastic bags which causes the yearly flooding displacing thousands of residents and causes diseases like malaria. Plastic bags which became popular because of their versatility, affordability and durability have now become a major source of environmental degradation requiring the use of more environmentally friendly alternatives like Jute, woolen bags, and biodegradable types of plastic. The Nigerian legislature proposed a plastic bag prohibition bill to reduce the manufacture and use of plastic bags with fines and time behind bars which is Nigeria’s first attempt at managing the menace of single-use plastic bags. The goal of this study is to determine reasons for the continued use of plastic bags to contribute to better management of plastic bags waste. It further investigates the available alternatives and willingness of the residents of Lagos to embrace some alternatives to plastic bags. Anonymous online surveys were distributed across social media platforms and interviews involving shop owners described as “givers” who are off social media in this study was carried out. Responses from both quantitative and qualitative sources have been analyzed using the Nvivo software and connection circles have been developed to describe feedbacks within the system. Results showed that the lack of alternatives and convenience are the biggest reasons for the continued use of plastic bags in Lagos, Nigeria. The results further show that the proposed bill has not made provision of alternatives to plastic bags and incentives for manufacturers of plastic bags revealing poor public participation in policy-making of this nature. Overall, respondents have indicated a willingness to embrace alternatives to plastic bags and have mentioned that the situation is worsened by poor waste management in the state. Recommendations included more extensive research into the use of plastic bags with a bigger sample size with both online and offline platforms. This could encourage effective public participation in policy-making important for creating useful nudges in behavioural change in the shift from plastic bags.
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Marreiros, Sergio Henriques Batista. "O PNPOT e o PROT Algarve no planeamento e ordenamento do municipio de Lagos." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7268.
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Relatório de Estágio
de Mestrado em Gestão do TerritórioO presente relatório de estágio foi efectuado mediante um estágio curricular na Câmara Municipal de Lagos, instituição da Administração Pública que tem como objecto a gestão do território do mesmo município. Os objectivos do estágio curricular eram: • Ter oportunidade de desenvolver competências num ambiente profissional e técnico; • Aperceber-me da aplicação prática “quotidiana” de temas abordados durante o curso; • Ter oportunidade de aplicar alguns desses conhecimentos a situações específicas; • Ter a possibilidade de desenvolver competências comportamentais transversais como: relacionamento interpessoal, autoconfiança, disciplina, métodos de trabalho, capacidade de cumprir prazos e horários, capacidade de integração em Organizações e equipas de trabalho. Não foi possível elaborar um plano de actividades para o estágio, no entanto, numa primeira fase, o objectivo foi o de me inteirar sobre as funções desempenhadas pelos geógrafos na Câmara Municipal, os seus objectivos, métodos de trabalho e as suas actividades. Depois de ultrapassada esta fase, tive como propósito enquadrar-me da legislação mais comummente utilizada pelos meus orientadores no local de estágio. Na fase seguinte, consultei todos os planos municipais de ordenamento do território já aprovados ou em processo de aprovação, como forma de aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o território em análise. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento do relatório, baseou-se na pesquisa e recolha de informação através de fontes da internet, da leitura de trabalhos retirados da internet, de fontes bibliográficas e da informação e dados recolhidos na Câmara Municipal, nomeadamente, a leitura de todos os Planos Municipais de Ordenamento do Território, Plano de Turismo, Ambiente, Social e Cultural, entre outros. O relatório de estágio está dividido em seis partes, sendo que a Introdução corresponde à primeira dessas partes. Depois da Introdução apresenta-se um breve enquadramento teórico sobre os temas abordados no relatório (cluster, governança territorial, planeamento, ordenamento, desenvolvimento e instrumentos de gestão teritorial em Portugal). Numa terceira parte, encontra-se o Enquadramento Geográfico do território em análise, com alguns dados estatísticos gerais e outros mais específicos. Na quarta parte do relatório entra-se pelo Planeamento Territorial aplicado ao município de Lagos. De seguida apresentam-se as Perspectivas de Desenvolvimento e Planeamento para o município de Lagos, terminando na sexta parte, com a Conclusão. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento do relatório, baseou-se na pesquisa e recolha de informação através de fontes da internet, da leitura de trabalhos retirados da internet, de fontes bibliográficas e da informação e dados recolhidos na Câmara Municipal, nomeadamente, a leitura de todos os Planos Municipais de Ordenamento do Território, Plano de Turismo, Ambiente, Social e Cultural, entre outros. O relatório de estágio está dividido em seis partes, sendo que a Introdução corresponde à primeira dessas partes. Depois da Introdução apresenta-se um breve enquadramento teórico sobre os temas abordados no relatório (cluster, governança territorial, planeamento, ordenamento, desenvolvimento e instrumentos de gestão teritorial em Portugal). Numa terceira parte, encontra-se o Enquadramento Geográfico do território em análise, com alguns dados estatísticos gerais e outros mais específicos. Na quarta parte do relatório entra-se pelo Planeamento Territorial aplicado ao município de Lagos. De seguida apresentam-se as Perspectivas de Desenvolvimento e Planeamento para o município de Lagos, terminando na sexta parte, com a Conclusão. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento do relatório, baseou-se na pesquisa e recolha de informação através de fontes da internet, da leitura de trabalhos retirados da internet, de fontes bibliográficas e da informação e dados recolhidos na Câmara Municipal, nomeadamente, a leitura de todos os Planos Municipais de Ordenamento do Território, Plano de Turismo, Ambiente, Social e Cultural, entre outros. O relatório de estágio está dividido em seis partes, sendo que a Introdução corresponde à primeira dessas partes. Depois da Introdução apresenta-se um breve enquadramento teórico sobre os temas abordados no relatório (cluster, governança territorial, planeamento, ordenamento, desenvolvimento e instrumentos de gestão teritorial em Portugal). Numa terceira parte, encontra-se o Enquadramento Geográfico do território em análise, com alguns dados estatísticos gerais e outros mais específicos. Na quarta parte do relatório entra-se pelo Planeamento Territorial aplicado ao município de Lagos. De seguida apresentam-se as Perspectivas de Desenvolvimento e Planeamento para o município de Lagos, terminando na sexta parte, com a Conclusão.
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Azogu, Olajumoke Oluwaseye. "The Acceptance and Use of Cloud Computing Services by Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984117/.
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This study explored the acceptance of cloud computing (CC) services by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos, Nigeria, which has been missing from CC services literature. It aimed to understand the motivations for adoption, the uses of the services, and the benefits they derive from it. The uses and gratification theory was applied as the theoretic framework for this endeavor. An online survey with close-ended and open-ended questions was distributed to 1200 randomly selected participants through email. In total, 392 valid responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and categories. The results found that SMEs in Lagos, Nigeria had a low level of awareness and appreciation of CC services. The adoption rate was also low. Unlike their counterparts in other regions, SMEs primary concerns were service downtime, stable power supply, and better internet access. The study found that SMEs were not taking full advantage of the capabilities of CC services. Some sections, however, were doing better than others, such as the information and communications sub-sector. This study suggested that targeted interventions should be conducted to raise the awareness of CC services in SMEs, and to improve their efficient and effective use of CC services. The uses and gratification theory was appropriate for guiding this study to understand the acceptance and use of CC services by SMEs in Lagos, Nigeria.
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Ola, Bolanle. "Living with sickle cell disease and depression in Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/12266.
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Sickle cell disease (SCD) and depression are each major public health issues globally. Nigeria currently has the largest proportion of people with SCD worldwide, with up to 150,000 annual births. This study highlights the limitations of previous studies, which only utilize the biomedical model in explaining SCD, and which pay insufficient attention to the lived experiences of people with SCD. Extant literature reports strong associations between SCD and depression, and locates the problem ‘only’ in terms of disease severity, levels of service utilization or alleged psychological maladjustment to SCD condition. Biomedical research tends to treat stigma as a predicament that automatically correlates with SCD. Data collected was guided by a modified three-staged theoretical framework derived from Arthur Kleinman, with the use of questionnaires (incorporating Patient Health Questionnaire) to describe depression in persons with SCD; 15 in-depth interviews to explore the illness experience of SCD, and a series of six focus groups to examine depression and stigma in SCD as a form of ‘societal sickness’. In the first stage, questionnaires were administered to 103 outpatients at an SCD clinic in Lagos, Nigeria, and findings revealed an association of depression with age, and severity of SCD as indicated by symptoms such as leg ulcers. The first stage enabled those with moderate depression to be identified and invited into the subsequent stages (two and three) of the research. In the second stage, fifteen in-depth interviews with adults living with SCD were conducted and analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), also drawing on the influences of Herbert Blumer and Erving Goffman. Testimonies suggested that people with SCD face overwhelmingly negative criticisms from a wide range of significant others, including close family members; that the discrimination they face arises not from their condition per se but from the societal norms and expectation that they are assumed to break; and that they themselves identify pathways from the negative experience they endure to their own depression and mental distress. In the third stage, a series of three focus groups, each with five participants, found that people with SCD began to reject negative labels, identify challenges in their own terms, gain a sense of confidence and identity from their participation in groups, and began to identify social barriers to their full participation in society that they wished to challenge. The overall findings of the research suggest that by coming together in groups, people with SCD themselves suggest that rigorously researched social interventions may be considered an important adjunct to medical interventions in improving the lives of those living with SCD in Nigeria and throughout sub-Saharan Africa.
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Akponah, Precious O. "The social life of rubbish : an ethnography in Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/43050.
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This research calls for a reconsideration of the notion of rubbish; one that does not consider disposal as the final act of the production-consumption cycle but, instead, appreciates the practices enacted around rubbish as constitutive of value creation. Drawing on Henri Lefebvre's Production of Space (1991) and Rhythmanalysis (2004) this thesis traces the social life of rubbish to understand the social, cultural, political, and economic practices implicated in the organisation of waste. In particular, I employed a sensory ethnographic approach comprising of participant observations, self-reflexive observations, formal and informal interviews. I undertook a six months fieldwork, where I explored and documented the practices enacted by six sets of stakeholder who are involved in the organisation of rubbish in Lagos, Nigeria. Without overlooking the representational aspects (i.e. interviews, visuals) of practices, this thesis contributes to consumer research and the wider marketing discipline by tackling the more-than-representational elements of practices. The research exposes the spatial dynamics, embodied and multisensory experiences and power relations that are negotiated and co-produced when everyday practices are performed around rubbish. In so doing, I question and challenge the notion of disposal as being limited to environmentalism, green consumption and sustainability. I pushed these boundaries by investigating how rubbish acts as the lifeblood that fuels socio-spatial as well as economic relations in both formal and informal economies. This ethnographic study reveals the coping tactics and spaces of resistance that are utilised by marginalised informal operators to 'make-do' and sometimes subvert the strategies imposed by the formal authorities when they attempt to abolish these practices. The findings unmask the processual quality of practices and the recursive nature of objects in terms of their transformation from a state of 'rubbish' into valuable categories. It also makes visible the manner in which the practices enacted around rubbish (de)synchronises with natural rhythms such as seasons. The thesis alerts policymakers to the contributions of the informal waste economy to the socioeconomic development of the formal economy. It also suggests that the urge to engage in sustainable consumption practices - recycling and less consumption - can have detrimental effects on stakeholders that rely on the surplus or detritus that emerge post consumption to sustain their socioeconomic livelihoods in developing economies across the world such as Lagos, Nigeria.
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Alonge, Marjorie Moji Dolapo. "Afro-Brazilian architecture in Lagos State : a case for conservation." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/883.
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The immigrants of African descent who began arriving in Lagos and Badagry in the early nineteenth century included not only Afro-Brazilians, but also Afro-Cubans, Afro-Americans, Afro- Canadians (freed slaves from Nova Scotia) and Sierra Leonians (Saros). Of these the Afro-Brazilians and the Saros constituted the largest and most dominant groups. The Afro-Brazilians were the descendants of African slaves (mostly from West Africa and Angola) taken to Brazil. They returned to West Africa between the 1820s and 1890s. Collectively, in Nigeria the Afro-Brazilians and the Afro- Cubans were referred to as `Brazilians' or Aguda (Yoruba word for Catholics) probably because the majority of both these groups were Catholics. The Saros were the descendants of Yoruba slaves from southwestern Nigeria. Some of these slaves were on their way to the Americas to be sold but were rescued by the British anti-slavery squadron along the West African coast. They were then resettled in Freetown, Sierra Leone, which was founded in the eighteenth century by an Englishman named Granville Sharp. Other Saros were African slaves (mostly of Yoruba origin) who have been in England since the early seventeenth century. They were repatriated to Sierra Leone after the abolition of slavery in Great Britain. After Lagos was ceded to the British by Oba Dosunmu in 1861, many more Saros were encouraged to return to Yorubaland by the colonial administration. The Saro community lived in the Saro quarter alongside the Afro-Brazilian community in the Brazilian quarter of Lagos. Like the Afro-Brazilians, they also produced a significant genre of architecture and a distinctive creole culture during the nineteenth century. The Saro architectural style was largely based on a combination of the British colonial style and the Yoruba traditional spatial arrangement. Although the Saros contributed immensely to the development of architecture in Lagos, they were not nearly as renowned for their building design and construction skills as the Afro-Brazilians were. This study is concerned primarily with the architecture created by the Afro-Brazilians as distinct from the Saros, whose architecture undoubtedly merits study in its own right.
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Carvalho, Marco Antonio Garcia de 1970. "Analise hierarquica de imagens atraves da arvore dos lagos criticos." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/261282.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadores: Roberto de Alencar Lotufo, Michel CouprieTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T20:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_MarcoAntonioGarciade_D.pdf: 2684164 bytes, checksum: 081708f37f7ec76c4b442c6d9701028d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004
Doutorado
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Castro, Marcelo Mendes de. "Modelação matemática de lagos e reservatórios: caso do Reservatório Billings." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-18082010-165433/.
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Modelos numéricos são importantes ferramentas para avaliação do comportamento de corpos hídricos, notadamente com relação ao decaimento e mistura de constituintes ao longo do tempo. Neste trabalho apresenta-se o método empregado para adaptação e aplicação de um modelo matemático hidrodinâmico 2DH para simulação de variáveis de qualidade das águas a reservatórios rasos ou polimíticos. A descrição do desenvolvimento do modelo empregado (IPH-ECO), do processo de análise das condições do reservatório, seleção de dado intervenientes, discretização espacial e temporal, definição das condições de contorno hidrológicas e de aporto de cargas poluentes, bem como a definição espacial dos pontos de controle para aferição e validação são discutidos. São apresentados os resultados da resposta do modelo aplicado ao Reservatório Billings, em São Paulo.Numerical models are strong tools to evaluate the fate of pollutants in lakes and reservoirs under transient conditions. This article brings the steps employed for preparation and implementation of a hydrodynamic 2DH model to simulate water quality variables in shallow or polymitc lakes. Description of the adaptation and implementation of IPH-ECO model process, compiling and setting of the hydrological and constituent loadings, spatial and temporal discretization and selection of control points are demonstrated and discussed. Some results of model calibration for Billings Reservoir, Sao Paulo, Brazil, are also presented.
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Brea, Villanueva Giorgio Gesú. "Informe Jurídico sobre la sentencia Lagos del Campo vs. Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/20061.
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En el presente informe jurídico se realiza un análisis de la sentencia emitida por la Corte
Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (Corte IDH) en el caso Alfredo Lagos del Campo
vs. Perú. Esta es la primera en la cual la Corte IDH declara violado el artículo 26 de la
Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos sobre los derechos económicos
sociales y culturales.
Este caso es sobre el despido por falta grave del señor Alfredo Lagos del Campo en su
condición de presidente del Comité Electoral de la comunidad industrial de la empresa
industrial Ceper-Pirelli, en el marco de la Constitución de 1979 y la Ley 24514.
En esa medida, luego de presentar los principales hechos de fondo y procesales, se
procede a desarrollar los problemas jurídicos relativos a la justiciabilidad de los derechos
laborales en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos; la libertad de expresión
de los representantes de los trabajadores y su fundamento democrático; el derecho a la
estabilidad laboral —con referencias a su desarrollo nacional—; los derechos a las
garantías judiciales y a un recurso efectivo; y su reparación ante el sistema
interamericano.
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Valencia, Isabel. "Välkommen till Lagos : En semantisk översättning från engelska till svenska." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182314.
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Postkolonial teori har skiftat intresset från västerländska diskurser till frågor som ideologi, ojämlika maktförhållanden och etik. I samband med översättningsvetenskapens kulturella vändning på 1980-talet, började översättningsvetare ifrågasätta översättningsstrategier som antingen assimilerar (domesticering) eller stereotypiserar (exotisering) källkulturen. Newmark (1981) föreslår en semantisk, källtextorienterad översättningsprincip och menar att så länge den åstadkommer en likvärdig effekt, är en ordagrann översättning inte bara den föredragna, utan den enda godtagbara översättningsmetoden. Denna uppsats är en kommentar till min egen översättning av de första 17 kapitlen i romanen Welcome to Lagos, skriven av den nigerianska författaren Chibundu Onuzo. Källtexten har översatts med hjälp av en semantisk översättningsstrategi. Kommentaren fokuserar på tre aspekter som krävde särskild uppmärksamhet under översättningsarbetet, eftersom de utgör betydande utmaningar för semantiska överföringssätt: kulturspecifika begrepp, stilfigurer och talspråksmarkörer. I kommentaren framförs att den semantiska översättningsstrategin fungerade bra på den övergripande textnivån; även om specifika översättningsproblem ibland fick angripas med ett mer kommunikativt förhållningssätt för att åstadkomma en idiomatisk måltext med likvärdig effekt i målkulturen.Postcolonial Studies shifted the interest from Western discourses to issues of ideology, power inequality, and ethics. As a consequence of the cultural turn in translation studies in the 1980s, scholars started questioning translation strategies that either assimilate (domestication) or stereotype (exoticization) the source culture. Proposing a semantic, source-text oriented translation principle, Newmark (1981) argues that as long as an equivalent effect can be achieved, literal translation is not just the preferred, but the only acceptable procedure. This paper comments on my own translation of the first 17 chapters of the novel Welcome to Lagos, written by Nigerian writer Chibundu Onuzo. The source text was translated using a semantic translation strategy. The commentary focuses on three key aspects that demanded particular attention during the translation process, due to the fact that they present significant challenges to semantic transfer methods: culture-specific items, stylistic devices, and spoken language markers. As the commentary suggests, the semantic translation strategy worked well on the global text level; occasionally, however, specific translation problems had to be dealt with using a more communicative approach in order to produce an idiomatic target text with an equivalent effect in the target culture.
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Paris, Melanie. "Repatriated Africans from Cuba and Brazil in nineteenth century Lagos." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133886688.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 1998.Advisor: Abiola Irele, Dept. of African American and African Studies. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-82). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Alademomi, Alfred Sunday. "Morphodynamics in the Lagos Lagoon : observation and inferences of change." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9585.
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The focus of this research is the study of lagoon ecosystem interaction and adjustment of the lagoon floor morphologies, water dynamics and sequences of change involving the motion of sediment. The aim of the study is to implement a functional mechanism to evaluate and analyse changes in the Lagos Lagoon and its ecosystem, with the objectives: (i) to investigate the extent and impact of urban expansion on the Lagoon coastline and its ecosystem; (ii) to quantify changes in the spatial extent of mangroves by use of satellite images from 1984 to 2016; (iii) to investigate the spatial dynamics of the Lagoon water floor and estimate its flushing time, (iv) to investigate the behaviour and relationship pattern of the Lagoon hydrodynamic parameters;, (v) to collect sediment samples from the Lagoon, analyse their settling behaviour and particle size distribution (PSD) in order to study their spatial evolution and characterisation; and (vi) to initiate a model that can predict the influence of sea level rise on the Lagoon ecosystem. The existing problem of an overcrowded human population in Lagos, the incessant repository of industrial effluence into its Lagoon, and increased flooding from the immediate watershed generate the research questions for this thesis. Lack of studies in the areas of morphodynamics and hydrodynamics on the Lagoon is a gap in the body of coastal knowledge, especially the temporal and long term dynamics of a significant Lagoon like that of Lagos. Understanding the dynamics of the Lagoon will enhance efficient monitoring, sustainable management and hence reveal the great importance the Lagoon preserves for the coastal region. Landsat images (1984 – 2016) of the study area (Lagos Lagoon) and its ecosystem were obtained for some specific data derivations. Land Surface Temperature (LST), NDVI and delineated Lagoon coastline were derived from the images. An Environment for Visualizing Images (ENVI) and a Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to extract land classification information, likewise, the GIS was used to develop a model for investigating the Lagoon coastline changes. With the use of ENVI and GIS software, land classification types were derived with the percentage of the coverage area for each land use classification for the years of study. A novel empirical method was designed to collect in-situ hydrodynamic data for both the dry and wet seasons in 2014, this was correlated and analysed using a case study approach. Also, in-situ bathymetric data was collected in 2014 to join the 2008 available data for studying the changes in the Lagoon water bed morphology. Functional models were used to examine the interaction of the various hydrodynamic information that was studied on the Lagoon. Results and inferences from the study show that the wetland of the system is depleting rapidly with increase urbanisation. In both lateral and vertical directions, the morphological shape of the Lagoon is reducing both in size and depth. The result from the model that investigated the system coastline indicates that reclamation and recession are taking place on the Lagoon coast at an approximate ratio of 4 to 1 whereas, the total surface area has reduced to approximately 204.51km2 as opposed to its approximate area of 208km2 as at the year 2010. The results from the analysis of the Lagoon salinity implies a wide salinity variation between the dry and the wet season; this confirms the system as brackish water in the dry season and freshwater in the wet season. Other inferences reveal the critical point of well-mixed water mass, significant vertical mixing during the wet season and a stable state during the dry season. In overview, the ratio of the Lagoon stratification during the dry season to that of the wet season is approximately 1 to 7 and flushing time of approximately 26 days and 22 days respectively. Lastly, the Lagoon possesses a varying settling velocity that is uniquely related to the diameter of its particles at various spatial locations. This research has been able to provide baseline investigations concerning the morphology and hydrodynamic study of the Lagos Lagoon.
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Kandissounon, Gilles-Arnaud. "Sustainable Water Usage and Surface Runoff Management in Lagos, Nigeria." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2299.
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The exponential growth of the world population led by the geographic expansion of urban areas in developing countries has put massive pressure on natural resources especially land and water. Water supply and water scarcity remain one of the major challenges facing the industrializing world. The United Nations forecast further increase in population which, in the absence of management and policies, will inevitably put more resources at risk. Changing climatic conditions causing more frequent and intense rainfall will also affect water management systems in the vulnerable urban areas of developing countries. The goal of this study was twofold; first analyze the patterns of water consumption in the rapidly growing city of Lagos, Nigeria and use them in a System Dynamics (SD) model to make projections about future demand. The second part used remote sensing to quantify the contribution of extensive land use/cover change to urban flooding. Land use/cover dynamics over the past decade was analyzed using satellite imagery provided by Landsat Thematic Mapping (TM). Unsupervised classification was performed with false color composite using the Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis (ISODATA) technique in a Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study area was divided into four different land use types during image classification: bare land, built-up area, water bodies, and vegetation. For water demand, two different scenarios of population growth including 5.5% and 2.75 % annual increase were considered. The results showed that water demand dropped by 67% of its current value when losses in distribution were reduced by 20% and population annual growth rate kept at 2.75% over the study period. Bare land and water bodies lost 1.31% and 1.61% of their current area respectively while built-up area grew by 1.11%. These changes in land use/cover changes led to a 64% increase in average surface runoff, mostly attributable to increasing surface imperviousness and the absence of an adequate urban drainage system. This paper intends to assist the authorities of the city of Lagos who adopted a master plan in 2010 as a road map to reduce to city’s vulnerability to flooding and close the gap between water demand and water supply by 2050.
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Tonetta, Denise. "Fatores controladores do metabolismo aquático em lagos de Mata Atlântica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/172549.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Florianópolis, 2016.Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-24T03:13:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 343637.pdf: 3218830 bytes, checksum: 2adf92308f1e320ca8a70c23dd8bfb71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
Os lagos inseridos no bioma Mata Atlântica são importantes ecossistemas para a ciclagem do carbono podendo atuar como fontes ou sumidouros de carbono. Nesta tese foi abordado o metabolismo aquático ecossistêmico de dois lagos brasileiros, utilizando as taxas de produção primária e respiração, bem como o fluxo de CO2 entre a água e a atmosfera, para entender como as variáveis limnológicas e meteorológicas direcionam a dinâmica espaço-temporal do metabolismo ecossistêmico. Nossos resultados mostraram que a Lagoa do Peri foi predominantemente heterotrófica, com períodos de autotrofia em condições de alta temperatura e luminosidade. Analisando a dinâmica espacial das taxas metabólicas, a região litorânea apresentou maior variabilidade que a região pelágica, bem como maiores taxas de respiração, em função da baixa profundidade da coluna d?água, influência do sedimento e do ecossistema terrestre. Verticalmente maiores taxas de produção primária foram registradas na superfície, diminuindo em direção ao fundo, e as taxas de respiração mostraram padrão inverso. Ao longo de oito anos consecutivos observamos que a diminuição do nível d?água ao longo dos anos de 2012 e 2014 foi reflexo da baixa precipitação. Essa mudança física promoveu aumento na concentração de clorofila-a, nutrientes, carbono e o fluxo de CO2 para a atmosfera. A Lagoa Carioca também se mostrou heterotrófica e o fluxo de CO2 foi intensificado quando adições experimentais de matéria orgânica foram conduzidas em mesocosmos. Por outro lado, a adição de nutrientes inorgânicos resultou no aumento do O2, com diminuição do CO2 e alta variabilidade diária. Esta tese mostrou que o metabolismo ecossistêmico de lagos de Mata Atlântica é altamente dinâmico e predominantemente heterotrófico com diferentes variáveis sendo importantes nas diversas escalas espacial e temporal. Entretanto, sugerimos que em um lago polimítico as variáveis físicas como disponibilidade de luz, estabilidade térmica e profundidade da coluna d?água determinam a variação espaço-temporal das taxas metabólicas. Além disso, mudanças climáticas afetando a região tropical pode alterar as características limnológicas dos lagos, que por sua vez podem intensificar ou alterar a função dos ecossistemas na ciclagem do carbono.
Abstract : Lakes in the Atlantic Forest are important ecosystems for the carbon cycling and they can be sources or carbon sinks. This thesis addressed the aquatic ecosystem metabolism of two Brazilian lakes, using the primary production and respiration rates, as well as the air-water CO2 flux to understand how limnological and meteorological variables affect the spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystem metabolism. Our results showed that the Peri Lake was predominantly heterotrophic due to bacterioplankton. However, during high temperature and light conditions the lake was net autotrophic. Regarding to the spatial dynamics of metabolic rates, the coastal area showed higher variability than the pelagic area, as well as higher respiration rates, which was related to the low water column depth, influence of sediment and terrestrial ecosystem. Vertically we recorded higher primary production rates at surface, decreasing toward the bottom, and respiration rates showed the opposite pattern. Over eight consecutive years Peri Lake featured decrease in water level over the years 2012 and 2014 due to low rainfall. This physical change increased the chlorophyll-a, nutrients, carbon and CO2 flux to the atmosphere. Carioca Lake was also heterotrophic and experimental additions of organic matter promoted the increase in CO2, while the addition of inorganic nutrients resulted in an O2 increase concomitant with CO2 decrease and high daily variability in both gases. This thesis showed that the ecosystem metabolism from Atlantic Forest lakes is highly dynamic and predominantly heterotrophic with many variables being important in the different spatio-temporal scales. However, we suggest that in a polymictic lake the physical variables, such as light availability, thermal stability and water column depth, determine the spatial and temporal variation in the metabolic rates. In addition, climate change affecting tropical areas can change the limnological conditions in the lakes, intensifying or changing the ecosystems function in the carbon cycling.
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Martins, Gabriel Souza. "Reconstrução paleoclimática e paleohidrológica em registros sedimentares de lagos amazônicos." Niterói, 2016. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/2188.
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Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Química. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências - Geoquímica. Niterói, RJ
Este trabalho consiste na reconstrução paleoambiental de dois lagos amazônicos através de dados sedimentares e geoquímicos com especial ênfase a geoquímica orgânica e isotópica. Os lagos estudados apresentam-se em duas área climáticas distintas da Amazônia, sendo o Lago do Saci localizado ao sul do estado do Pará, em área de clima tropical com estação seca definida; e a Lagoa da Pata, localizada no extremo norte do Amazonas em regime de clima sempre úmido. O registro do Lago Saci abrange o intervalo entre 35.000 cal AP até o último milênio e o registro da Lagoa da Pata abrange os últimos 7500 cal AP. Na lagoa da Pata observou-se a existência de condições secas durante o Holoceno Inferior (7.500 – 6.500 anos cal AP) e o Holoceno Médio (6.500 – 3.600 anos cal AP) com baixos valores de COT (Carbono orgânico Total) e altos valores de 13C, sugerindo baixo nível do lago e aumento na contribuição de plantas C4. Durante o Holoceno Superior (3.600 anos cal AP até o presente) a estabilização de um clima mais úmido é observado na Lagoa da Pata, suportado pelo aumento significativo nos valores de COT e redução nos valores de 13C, sugerindo um aumento no nível do lago e contribuição de plantas C3. O registro molecular da Lagoa da Pata sugere a existência de uma vegetação adaptada a condições de alto estresse hídrico em função do tipo de solo presente na região do Morro dos Seis Lagos. A composição isotópica de carbono do n-alcano apresentou um range de valores característicos de vegetação C3 (-33,6‰ e -36,9‰) durante os últimos 7.500 anos cal AP. No Pleistoceno Superior, o Lago do Saci é caracterizado pelos menores valores de COT e valores mais enriquecidos de 13C sedimentar, sugerindo um baixo nível lacustre e grandes contribuições de plantas C4. O ápice do clima seco acontece entre 22.000 – 21.000 anos cal AP, com ocorrências significativas de incêndios, indicado pelos valores de BC (Carbono Grafítico). A transição para o Holoceno é marcado pela ausência de sedimentação entre 18.200-9.200 anos cal AP, sugerindo a ocorrência de uma fase seca severa ou evento erosivo atuante no fim do período glacial. O Holoceno no Lago do Saci marca um aumento no nível do lago, refletido pelo aumento na produtividade e acumulação da matéria orgânica. Esse período tem como característica a ocorrência de eventos de transporte de material da bacia de drenagem, representado pelos pulsos de areia.Os dados de biomarcadores moleculares sugerem condições de estresse hídrico durante o Pleistoceno e o Holoceno Médio na Lago do Saci, em função dos altos valores de ACL (Comprimento médio da Cadeia), sendo esses períodos os com maiores contribuições de plantas C4 como indicado pela razão C33:(C27+C29). Os valores de 13C dos n-alcanos (- 33.2‰ e -35.7‰) sugerem que a região foi coberta por vegetação C3 durante todo o período e mostram uma variação significativa entre o Pleistoceno Superior e o Holoceno, associada a alterações fisiológicas da vegetação. O registro de D sugere um período de precipitação reduzida no Pleistoceno e um período de chuvas mais abundantes no Holoceno. Ambos os registros (Lago do Saci e na Lagoa da Pata) sugerem condições ligeiramente mais úmidas durante o Holoceno, com a existência de uma fase seca no Holoceno Médio, caracterizados por uma redução significativa no nível lacustre e maior contribuição de plantas C4. As chuvas se tornam mais abundantes na Lagoa da Pata e o Lago do Saci a partir de 4.000 anos cal AP onde ocorre a expansão da floresta. Em Ambos os sítios, o sinal isotópico de biomarcadores, apesar de indicar alterações na precipitação, apresentou um enriquecimento do sinal isotópico em função da evapotranspiração ou alteração na vegetação fonte (C3 ou C4), alterando o processo de fracionamento do deutério.
In this work we present the paleoenvironmental reconstruction of two Amazonian lakes based in sedimentary and geochemical data with focus on organic and isotopic geochemistry.The lakes are presented in two distinct climatic area of the Amazon, the Saci Lake are located in south of Para state, in tropical area with dry season; and Pata Lake, located on the northern of the Amazon in a humid climate regime. The Saci lake core covers the range between 35,000 cal BP until the last millennium and Pata Lake covers the last 7,500 cal BP. Pata lake record dry conditions during the Early Holocene (7,500-6,500 cal years BP) and the Middle Holocene (6,500-3,600 cal years BP) with low TOC values (Total Organic Carbon) and high 13C values, suggesting low lake level and an increase of C4 plants contribution. During the Late Holocene (3,600 years cal BP to the present) is observed a stabilization of humid conditions, supported by the increase in TOC values and reduction in 13C values, suggesting an increase in lake level and C3 plants. The molecular record of Pata Lake suggests the existence of a vegetation adapted to high water stress conditions due the soil characteristic in the Six Lakes Morro region. The isotopic composition of n-alkane carbon presented a range of C3 vegetation (-33.6 ‰ and -36.9 ‰) over the last 7,500 years AP. In the Late Pleistocene, Saci lake is characterized by lower TOC values and more enriched 13C values, suggesting a low lake level and more C4 plants contributions. The dry climate occurs between 22,000 to 21,000 cal years BP, with significant occurrences of fires, indicated by the BC (Black Carbon) values. The transition to the Holocene is marked by the absence of sedimentation between 18,200-9,200 cal years BP, suggesting the occurrence of a severe drought phase or active erosive event at the end of the glacial period. The Holocene in Saci Lake is marked by an increase in lake level, reflected by the increase of productivity and organic matter accumulation. This period is characterized by the occurrence of runoff events, represented by sand pulses. The molecular biomarker data suggest water stress during the Pleistocene and the Middle Holocene in Lake Saci, with high ACL values (Average Chain Length), and more C4 plants contributions as indicated by the reason C33: (C27 + C29). The 13C values of nalkanes (-33.2 and -35.7 ‰ ‰) suggest that the area was covered by C3 vegetation during the whole period and show a significant variation between the Pleistocene and Holoceno associated with physiological changes in the C3 vegetation. The D record suggests a reduced precipitation in the Pleistocene and a period of more abundant rainfall in the Holocene. Both records (Saci lake and Pata Lake) suggest wetter conditions during the Holocene, with the existence of a dry phase in the Middle Holocene, characterized by a significant reduction in lake levels and greater contribution of C4 plants. The rains become more abundant in Pata Lake and Saci Lake after 4,000 cal years BP, where the forest expansion occurs. In both sites, the isotopic biomarkers indicate changes in precipitation, however the D enrichment could be explained by the evapotranspiration processes or change in vegetation source (C3 or C4), which interfers the deuterium fractionation process.
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Santos, Claudineia Lizieri dos. "Environmental attributes in assembling cyanobacterial communities from the Mcmurdo Sound region, Antarctica." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2014. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/6588.
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A variedade de ecossistemas microbianos que existe na Antártica representa uma oportunidade extraordinária para pesquisas sobre a ecologia, diversidade e evolução microbiana, principamente em termos de cianobactéria. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado o papel de atributos ambientais no controle da montagem de esteiras microbianas antárticas. Inicialmente foi caracterizado a diversidade cianobacteriana das esteiras ao longo de gradientes ambientais na região do McMurdo Sound, Antártica continental. Em seguida, foi avaliado o papel das variáveis ambientais na determinação da composição da assembléia de cianobactérias através da análise de amostras de água e esteiras de cianobactérias microbianas de 25 lagos distribuídos em quatro distintas áreas geográficas: McMurdo Ice Shelf, Ross Island e Upper e Lower Wright Valleys. Finalmente, foi realizado experimentos de laboratório para determinar a extensão com que a composição de espécies afeta a formação das esteiras microbianas. Vinte e nove morfoespécies foram identificadas e descritas no capítulo 1. Quatro foram designadas à ordem Chroococcales, três Nostocales e 22 Oscillatoriales. No segundo capítulo foram investigados os fatores que podem estar envolvidos na determinação da presença e/ou ausência de cianobactérias dentro da comunidade das esteiras microbianas em cada lago amostrado. Os lagos das regiões Ross Island, McMurdo Ice Shelf e Upper e Lower Wright Vallyes apresentaram algumas características específicas próprias de cada área em termos de fatores físico-químicos e diversidade de cianobactérias, embora em vários casos houve uma sobreposição considerável das características. A análise multivariada dos dados, com base em variáveis físico-químicas mostrou que os lagos de cada área amostrada tendeu a se agruparem por local, embora com considerável sobreposição, com os dois Wright Valleys e as duas zonas costeiras tendendo a ser mais semelhantes entre si. Este padrão tendeu a ser reproduzido em análises dos dados de biomassa e composição das espécies, onde foi possível indentificar táxons que foram amplamente espalhados por toda a região e outros que foram mais restritos por área. A importância da dispersão e condições de crescimento na condução desse padrão foi discutida. No terceiro capítulo foi desenvolvido um experimento para avaliar o papel de cepas de cianobactérias isoladas no processo de formação de esteiras microbianas. Seis cepas de cianobactérias foram utilizadas, em combinações variadas, para formar biofilmes em condições de laboratório: CYN-50 (Phormidium cf. autumnale); CYN-68 (Leptolyngbya A); CYN-65 (Leptolyngbya B); CYN-66 (Microcoleus sp.); CYN-67 (cf. Aphanocapsa) e CYN- 72 (Nostoc sp.). O conteúdo de clorofila-a, exopolissacarídeo e matéria orgânica foi avaliado e utilizado como medida de avaliação do desenvolvimento dos biofilmes. No final do experimento, observou-se que os biofilmes desenvolvidos mostraram-se diferentes em termos de sua morfologia e que as cianobactérias filamentosas “oscilatoriales” são requeridas para a formação de biofilme consistente, entretanto, todas as cepas morfologicamente diferentes produziram efeito nas matrizes dos biofilmes. Phormidium produziu o melhor biofilme desenvolvido. Em conclusão, este trabalho fornece um maior conhecimento sobre a taxonomia e ecologia de cianobactérias da Antártica na região do McMurdo Sound. Nós identificamos uma mistura de organismos amplamente distribuídos e tolerantes e outros com distribuições mais locais e requerimentos ambientais específicos. A significância destes em temos de gestão da biodiversidade antártica também foi discutida. *INGLÊS* SANTOS, Claudineia Lizieri dos, D.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, March of 2014. Environmental attributes in assembling cyanobacterial communities from the Mcmurdo Sound region, Antarctica.
The variety of microbial ecosystems that exist in Antarctica represents an extraordinary opportunity for research on microbial ecology, diversity and evolution, particularly in terms of cyanobacteria. In this work we focus on the role of environment in controlling cyanobacterial mat assembly, and begin by describing the cyanobacterial diversity of mats along environmental gradients in the McMurdo Sound region, continental Antarctica. We then evaluated the role of environmental variables in determining their composition by analysing water and microbial cyanobacterial mat samples from 25 ponds from four distinct geographic sites: McMurdo Ice Shelf, Ross Island and Upper and Lower Wright Valleys. Finally we undertook a series of laboratory experiments to determine the extent to which species composition affects mat formation. Twenty nine morphospecies are identified and described in chapter one. Four were assigned to the order Chroococcales, three to the Nostocales and 22 to the Oscillatoriales. In chapter two, we investigated the factors that appeared to determine the presence or absence of morphospecies within the cyanobacterial mat community at each sampled pond. Ross Island, McMurdo Ice Shelf and Upper and Lower Wright Valleys ponds each showed some specific features in terms of physical-chemical factors and cyanobacteria diversity, though in many cases there was considerable overlap. Multivariate analysis based on physic-chemical variables showed that the ponds from each site tended to cluster by site, though with considerable overlap, and with the two Wright Valley and two coastal sites tending to be more similar to each other. This pattern tended to be reproduced in analysis of biomass and species composition data, and we were able to identify taxa that were broadly spread across the region and others that were more restricted by area. The importance of dispersal and growth conditions in driving this pattern is discussed. In chapter 3 we developed an experiment to evaluate the role of isolated cyanobacteria strains on the mat-building process. Six cyanobacteria strains, in varying combinations, were used to grow mats under laboratory conditions: CYN-50 (Phormidium cf. autumnale); CYN-68 (Leptolyngbya A); CYN-65 (Leptolyngbya B); CYN-66 (Microcoleus sp.); CYN-67 (cf. Aphanocapsa) and CYN-72 (Nostoc sp.). The content of chlorophyll-a, exopolysaccharide and organic matter was evaluated to assess mat development. At the end of our experiment, we observed that the mats developments showed variety in terms of their morphology, that oscillatorean cyanobacteria are required for coherent mat formation, but that different strains all produced effect mat matrices. P. autumnale produced the best developed mats. In conclusion, our findings provide an increased knowledge on the Antarctica cyanobacteria taxonomy and ecology in the McMurdo Sound region. We identified a mix of broadly tolerant, widely distributed organisms and other with more local distributions and specific environmental requirements. The significance of this in terms of management of Antarctic biodiversity is discussed.
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Durodola, Olufunke Treasure Anike. "The rising popularity of Pidgin English radio stations in Nigeria: an audience study of Wazobia FM, Lagos." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020886.
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This research is located within media studies and draws on the Cultural Studies approach. It is an audience study, which uses the mixed methods of focus group discussions and an online survey to examine the importance of the use of Nigerian Pidgin as a broadcast language in investigating the rising popularity of Pidgin English radio in a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual Nigeria. The study focuses on Wazobia FM, a radio station in Lagos, and the first pidgin station in Nigeria. It seeks to determine whether the station’s audience engaged with the station’s programming based on its prioritisation of NigP and the linguistic identity it offers them. The study foregrounds the marginalised status of NigP within the politics of language in Nigeria. It traces the language’s evolution through popular and oppositional expressions in broadcasting and in music. It also seeks to establish the place of Pidgin English within the role that language plays in the formation of the Nigerian identity. This study thus adopts the ‘emic’ perspective, which underpins qualitative methodology, and views social life in terms of processes as opposed to static terms. The theoretical framework of this research revolves around culture, language and identity. Pertinent concepts in post-colonial studies, together with conceptual frameworks in Cultural Studies, such as popular culture, representation, hegemony and counter-culture have been used to make sense of the popularity of NigP radio stations.
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Quadra, Gabrielle Rabelo. "Metais pesados e efeitos genotóxicos em sedimentos de reservatórios (lagos artificiais)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5652.
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Aquatic ecosystems provide many services to humanity, despite this; water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems worldwide. Reservoirs, including ones used for water supply, receive from tributaries, or directly, several effluents from human activities that contain a pool of pollutants. Reservoir sediments work as sink or source for pollutants depending on environmental conditions. Therefore, pollutants present in these aquatic compartments can return to the water column or transfer through the food chain, where they can be toxic to biota and even to humans. Contaminants in the environment can cause mutagenic effects that can accumulate in DNA and harm a whole population. Then, genotoxicity tests, such as Allium cepa assay, may be used to evaluate the extent of environmental pollution, since synergistic effects might occur and physicochemical analysis just provide the presence of pollutants. Studies focusing on the presence of chemical compounds in reservoirs sediments and their toxicity are crucial. In this context, the study aimed to investigate contamination in sediments by metals in Brazilian reservoirs, as well as potential ecological risk and potential to cause cytogenotoxicity in A. cepa. Copper, chromium, cadmium, lead, zinc and iron were measured in sediment samples from six Brazilian reservoirs. Besides that, the surface layer of sediment was submitted to a resuspension simulation to the water column, and sediment solution was submitted to Allium cepa assay and metals analysis. Our findings showed that these reservoirs seem to be influenced by agricultural, industrial and domestical effluents because of the presence of copper, cadmium, and zinc above threshold effect levels in some samples and a potential ecological risk was observed. More than that decrease mitotic index and increase chromosomal aberrations in all treatments (except Furnas reservoir) showed cytogenotoxic effects. The presence of metals and other possibly inorganic and organic pollutants may be answerable for cytogenotoxic effects observed. In this sense, just chemical analyses were not enough to evaluate the extent of environmental pollution in sediments and its impact. We need to use more tools combined with chemical analysis to provide a better understand of pollution in aquatic ecosystems. It is important to implement law and regulations that are more efficient, intensive monitoring, sewage treatment and reforestation of riparian zones to protect these systems, including preventing public health problems.
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Cardoso, Diogo Campos. "Alimentação e ecomorfologia de peixes predadores em lagos de várzea amazônica." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2015. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5558.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Predator species directly or indirectly influence the aquatic biota, regulating the abundance of prey and structuring natural communities. The affinity between predator and prey, as well as intensity of predation is determined by several factors, including the morphology of predators. The morphologies of these species could be associated with its trophic ecology, depending on the structure of environments. The objective of this study was to determine the diet composition of eight species of predatory fish in lakes of the Amazonian floodplain, featuring his ecomorphological attributes in association with their feeding items. Samplings took place in May, November and December 2014. And were done at two floodplain lakes, placed into an island of the lower stretch of the Solimões River. Gill nets were used with different sizes of mesh and rod with hook and bait. Biometrics and the withdrawal of stomachs were also carried out in the field. Were estimated degree of stomach fullness, frequency of occurrence of feeding items and its importance index. A PCA was applied to order the fish by its diet. Also were made 17 morphlogical measures in each fish, generating 13 ecomorphological attributes. A PCA also was employed aiming to order the species according to these attributes. Five studied species had fish as the most important item in their diets and three had the shrimp as being more important. The first axis of the PCA associated P. squamosissimus with shrimp and P. nattereri with fruits / seeds and other, the second axis associated R. vulpinus and H. malabaricus with fish and insects and H. Scomberoides with shrimp. Three ecomorphological attributes discriminated the fish species. PCA with these attributes ordered the fish species by four groups, P. squamosissimus and C. monoculus associated with relative length of the caudal peduncle and protrusion index, A. falcirostris and H. malabaricus with relative head height and relative position of the eyes, R. vulpinus and H. Scomberoides with the mouth appearance and compression index of the caudal peduncle and P. nattereri and S. rhombeus with relative width of the head and the relative area of the eyes. The ecomorphological analysis divided the species by the ability to find the prey, swimming performance of the predator and prey size. Nevertheless, there were no significant correlation between fish morphology and feeding items
Espécies predadoras influenciam direta ou indiretamente a biota aquática, regulando a abundância de presas e sendo determinante na estruturação das comunidades naturais. A afinidade entre predador e presa, assim como intensidade da predação é determinada por diversos fatores, incluindo a morfologia dos predadores. As morfologias dessas espécies podem ou não esta correlacionada com sua ecologia trófica, dependendo da estrutura dos ambientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar à composição da dieta de oito espécies de peixes predadores em área de várzea, caracterizando seus atributos ecomorfológicos em associação ao tipo de recurso alimentar consumido. As amostragens ocorreram nos meses de maio, novembro e dezembro de 2014, em dois lagos de várzea, caracterizados como lagos de ilha. Foram usadas redes de emalhar com diferentes tamanhos de malha e caniço com anzol e isca. A biometria e a retirada dos estômagos foram realizadas ainda em campo. Para dieta foram estimados o grau de repleção, frequência de ocorrência dos itens e o índice de importância alimentar que foi submetido a uma PCA. Foram feitas 17 medidas nos peixes, gerando 13 atributos ecomorfológicos e submetidos a uma PCA para ordenar as espécies em função dos mesmos. Das oito espécies estudadas cinco apresentaram o peixe como sendo o item mais importante em suas dietas e três apresentaram o camarão. O primeiro eixo da PCA associou P. squamosissimus com o camarão e P. nattereri com frutos/sementes e outros, o segundo eixo associou R. vulpinus e H. malabaricus com peixes e insetos e H. scomberoides com camarão. Dos treze atributos gerados apenas três diferiram as espécies morfológicamente, sendo o índice de protrusão, aspecto da boca e altura relativa da cabeça. A PCA separou as espécies em quatro grupos, P. squamosissimus e C. monoculus associaram-se com comprimento relativo do pedúnculo caudal e com índice de protrusão, A. falcirostris e H. malabaricus com altura relativa da cabeça e posição relativa dos olhos, R. vulpinus e H. scomberoides à aspecto da boca e ao índice de compressão do pedúnculo caudal e P. nattereri e S. rhombeus com largura relativa da cabeça e com a área relativa dos olhos. A análise ecomorfológica dividiu as espécies conforme a capacidade de localização da presa, a performance de natação do predador e o tamanho das presas. Conclui-se que as oito espécies não apresentaram correlação positiva entre a morfologia e alimentação.
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SODRÉ, Silvana do Socorro Veloso. "Hidroquímica dos lagos Bolonha e Água Preta, mananciais de Belém-Pará." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/2946.
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A Região Metropolitana de Belém é abastecida com água potável pela Companhia de Saneamento do Pará (COSANPA), que utiliza os mananciais do Utinga, lagos Bolonha e Água Preta, considerados os mais importantes da região, responsáveis pelo abastecimento de 75% dessa população. Os mananciais recebem diuturnamente contribuição das águas do rio Guamá, para manter seus níveis de água. A amostragem das águas (superficiais e fundo) foi feita em 12 pontos, 11 no lago Água Preta e 1 no lago Bolonha. Todas as coletas foram realizadas com o auxilio de uma garrafa hidrológica (Niskin). O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os parâmetros abióticos como temperatura, turbidez, cor aparente, condutividade elétrica, pH, oxigênio dissolvido, nitrato, N-amoniacal, fosfato, sólidos suspensos e transparência da água, para avaliar seu comportamento frente a sazonal idade e hidrologia nos lagos. As variáveis hidrológicas estudadas foram vazões de entrada e saída dos lagos, precipitação pluviométrica, variação dos níveis de água e variação dos volumes de água. A batimetria no lago Água Preta foi realizada para obter dados atuais de profundidades médias. Aos resultados foi aplicado um tratamento estatístico a fim de avaliar as relações entre os parâmetros estudados. Os parâmetros turbidez, cor aparente e sólidos suspensos tiveram concentrações mais elevadas no período de menor precipitação pluviométrica e apresentaram valore variando entre 4 e 59 UNT; 15 a 550 mg L¯¹ Pt Co e 1 a 57 mg L¯¹, respectivamente. A condutividade elétrica mostrou distribuição semelhante à dos parâmetros físicos analisados, com maiores concentrações no período de menor precipitação pluviométrica, e variou de 35,40 µ S/cm¯¹ a 149,70 µ S/cm¯¹. Os nutrientes estudados (nitrato, N-amoniacal e fosfato) apresentaram valores máximos de 1,4 mg L¯¹ 1,34 mg¯¹ e 1,6 mg L¯¹., respectivamente.
Water for Belem’s Metropolitan Area is supplied by COSANPA (Companhia de Saneamento do Pará), which uses the water source of the lakes Utinga, Bolonha and Água Preta. These lakes are considered the most important in the region, and are responsible for the provision of water to 75% of that population. These water sources receive continuously a contribution of waters from Guamá River in order to maintain their water level. The period of study was 12 months (feb/2006 to jan/2007), using 12 sampling points (surface and bottom), being 11 points in Água Preta Lake (point 1 to 11) and 1 point in Bolonha Lake (point 12). All samples were obtained using a hydrologic bottle (Niskin). The objective of this research is to study abiological parameters such as temperature, turbidity, apparent color, electric conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, N-amoniacal, phosphate, solids in suspension and the water’s transparency, in order to evaluate it’s behavior related to the lake’s seasonality and hydrology. The hydrological variables studied were input and output water flow, precipitation, water level variation and variation in the volume of waters. The batimetry in Água Preta Lake was accomplished to obtain current mean depth data.. A statistical treatment was applied to the results in order to evaluate the relationship between the studied parameters. Turbidity, apparent color and solids in suspension parameters reached higher concentrations in the period of minor precipitation and they presented values varying between 4 and 59 UNT; 15 to 550 mg L-1 Pt Co and 1 to 57 mg L-1, respectively. The electric conductivity presented a similar distribution when compared to the analyzed physical parameters, with higher concentrations in the period of minor precipitation, and it varied from 35,40 μ S / cm - 1 to 149,70 μ S / cm -1. The studied nutrients (nitrate, N-amoniacal and phosphate) presented the maximum values of 1,4 mg L-1, 1,34 mg L-1 and 1,6 mg L-1, respectively.
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Mushweshwe, Tawanda. "Diet of the post-medieval population at Lagos, 14th -19th Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29215.
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Stable isotopic analysis of carbon and nitrogen ratios in bone collagen was done on twelve
human skeletons selected from a batch excavated in Largo de Santa Maria da Graça from 2004-
2005 (Lagos, Portugal). Elemental Analyser- Isotopic Ratio Mass Spectrometry (EA-IRMS)
was used for stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen to reconstruct the diet of postMedieval population of Lagos between the 14th
-19th centuries. Results of the analysis provided
a basis for understanding dietary changes with time represented by the two chronological
phases of the cemetery of Santa Maria da Graça. Distinction in phases of the cemetery may be
due to new food resources from the colonial enterprises by the Portuguese Kingdom between
the 15th
-19th centuries. The correlation between carbon and nitrogen of the humans may have
been from much consumption of marine resources with little terrestrial animal products. Little
distinction of food uptake when considering gender and pathologies was reflected; RESUMO:
Titulo: Dieta da população de Lagos entre os séculos XIV-XIX, Portugal
Foi efectuada análise das razões isotópicas de carbono e azoto no colagénio de restos
osteológicos de doze esqueletos humanos inumados no Largo de Santa Maria da Graça (Lagos,
Portugal) entre 2004-2005, e que podem ser agrupados em dois períodos cronológicos. A
análise foi efectuada com recurso a um Analisador Elementar acoplado a Espectrómetro de
Massa de Razões Isotópicas (EA-IRMS), com o intuito de reconstruir a dieta dos habitantes de
Lagos entre os séculos XIV e XIX. A diferença observada entre indivíduos originários das 2
fases do cemitério pode dever-se à introdução de novos alimentos no Reino de Portugal durante
a Expansão Ultramarina. A correlação entre os valores das razões isotópicas de carbono e azoto
observada nos indivíduos estudados pode dever-se ao grande consumo de recursos marinhos
quando comparado com produtos de origem animal terrestre; não foram observadas grandes
diferenças quando se considera o género e as patologias dos indivíduos.
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Yumha, Estay Luis Alberto. "Evaluación de un nuevo centro de distribución para Holding Grupo Lagos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/149119.
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Magíster en Gestión y Dirección de EmpresasEl presente informe tiene como objetivo evaluar la instalación de un segundo centro de distribución para el Holding Grupo Lagos. La justificación del proyecto se basa en la necesidad de ampliar la cobertura de mercado que posee actualmente la compañía para, de esta forma, mantener ritmos de crecimiento que permitan mantener una posición ventajosa en cuanto a negociación con proveedores, manteniendo el atractivo comercial y, así, dar sustentabilidad a mediano-largo plazo al negocio. Para dar cumplimiento a la evaluación, se realizó un análisis del mercado y se cuantificó el potencial de este. Para esto, se recopiló información estadística sobre la propensión al consumo de los productos comercializados por la compañía, relacionándolos con la renta promedio hogar por región. Esta información permitió determinar 2 cosas: 1.- La cuota de mercado que mantiene la empresa es de un 3,1% del total y 2.- El potencial de mercado por región. Esto último cobra especial relevancia ya que en base a dicha información (adicional a otros datos demográficos) se elaboró una matriz de decisión que determinó la ubicación óptima del nuevo centro de distribución. La ubicación se estableció en la ciudad de Chillán, que ofrece las mejores condiciones económicas, de cobertura y de conectividad a la red de distribución a desarrollar (locales y fuerza de venta). La evaluación económica y financiera del proyecto muestra que, si bien existe una disminución en la eficiencia en el uso de recursos (0,2% sobre los ingresos), esto se ve compensado con el valor que agrega el proyecto a la compañía, tanto económico como estratégico. La inversión requerida para la ejecución del proyecto es de $235 MM, la cual tiene un retorno en flujos de dinero netos (calculados a 5 años) de $240 mm (VAN) y una TIR de 34%. El proyecto permite variaciones negativas de un 9% en la proyección de los ingresos y de un 10,5% de subestimación de los gastos y, aun así, no hacer incurrir en pérdidas financieras a la compañía. El proyecto es rentable, pero además se ve favorecido por las condiciones actuales del mercado y situación económica a nivel país, que permiten obtener considerables ahorros en costos por valores de arriendo y, además, explotar de mejor manera el potencial de mercado de crecimiento. Por lo mencionado anteriormente y por el carácter estratégico del proyecto para mantener el atractivo de la compañía frente a los proveedores, es que se recomienda comenzar con la implementación y ejecución, con la precaución de realizar un adecuado plan de marketing para disminuir los riesgos asociados a las variaciones de mercado y posible respuesta de la competencia.
11/01/2020
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Adanri, Olubunmi A. "Maternal Health Literacy, Antenatal Care, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, Walden University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10282020.
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Maternal mortality, an example of poor maternal health outcomes, is widely accepted as an indicator of the overall health of a population. One of the Millennium Development Goals was reduction in maternal mortality by 3 quarters by 2015. These goals were not met in Nigeria and it is important to look at some of the reasons why. Education has been shown to have positive impact on pregnancy outcomes; however, the characteristics of pregnant women, their health literacy level, their usage of antenatal care services and how these impact pregnancy outcomes are yet to be analyzed in Lagos, Nigeria. Guided by the social cognitive theory and health belief model, the purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to determine if there is a relationship between maternal health literacy, antenatal care visits, development of medical conditions during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes (measured by healthy or unhealthy baby) in Lagos, Nigeria. The research question for this study tested if there was a relationship between these variables. Lisa Chew’s health literacy assessment tool was used in a sample of 130 women in Shomolu local government in Nigeria who met the inclusion criteria. Using binary logistic correlations, only problems developed during pregnancy is statistically significant with pregnancy outcomes (p < .05). The results suggested an increase in problems developed during pregnancy most likely will increase the chance of having negative pregnancy outcomes. Results from this study could promote positive social change by helping health professionals identify the characteristics of at-risk women during antenatal education sessions. The results could also help health professionals in the development of targeted antenatal care interventions.
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Cheng, Ying. "Is theatre dying in Nigeria? : recycling popular theatre in metropolitan Lagos." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23802/.
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Nwafor, Okechukwu Charles. "Photography and the spectacle of ASỌ EBÌ in Lagos, 1960-2010." University of Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3921.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis research charts the political and visual economies of asọ ebì in urban Lagos from 1960 to 2010. Under political economy I address the politics of asọ ebì dress in Lagos: the contestations surrounding the use of asọ ebì among friends, family members, organizations, among others. Under visual economy I engage the role of photography and other visual cultural practices in the practice of asọ ebì. From the 1960s asọ ebì began to be redefined in line with the cultural and socio-economic changes that came with late global capitalism. Within asọ ebì practice in the city of Lagos meanings of friendship, solidarity, camaraderie and wealth have undergone radical transformation as more people migrate to the city after Nigeria’s independence. From the 1970s through the 1980s, individuals were compelled by the economic conditions to adopt new modes of asọ ebì practice. For example new types of textile materials used for asọ ebì expanded to include cheaper textiles imported from China and elsewhere. Instead of offering aso ebi free, individuals sold it to their friends and within such transactions, politics of exclusion and inclusion ensued. From the 1990s through the 2000s, the rise of digital photography and the emergence of radical printing technology ushered a new mode of fashioning asọ ebì. In the process, photography and fashion magazines became a means of negotiating sartorial elegance and cosmopolitan modernity. In this thesis, therefore, the central argument resides in the contestations surrounding the use and meanings of asọ ebì within these transformations in the city of Lagos.
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Olaoye, Olanrewaju Akanbi. "Collaborative governance : the case of mass transportation in London and Lagos." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2015. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/23288/.
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State actors have adopted policies which they claim will enable the provision of public services including mass transportation. In most global cities, dedicated strategic transport authorities are employed for the purpose of planning and implementing strategies to sustain mass transportation. While such bodies play key roles, not only planning mass transport policies, but also coordinating the system, not much is known about the dynamics of the relations among the actors who constitute the governance system responsible for sustaining mass transportation. This thesis therefore explores the systems of governance of mass transportation in London and Lagos with the aim of evaluating the role of collaborative modes of governance in affecting and sustaining better transportation for the mass public. While it is claimed by the political leadership of both London and Lagos that ‘partnership’ is employed in delivering mass transportation, the cases investigated show that what really exists ranges from a few relatively genuine partnerships to relationships that are driven more by contracts and mandatory arrangements. The research is an analysis of two cases, employing a qualitative approach for data gathering through the use of semi-structured interviews. The primary evidence gathered from both cases is validated by the secondary data. The thesis contributes to the literature on collaborative governance by emphasising the importance of political and strategic leadership, the relevance of the nature of funding regime, accountability and the socio-cultural context for sustaining service delivery. A key finding from the study is that most of the partnerships in both cases are influenced by political leaders (the Mayor of London and the Governor of Lagos state). Furthermore, actors in both governance systems do not agree on the organisation that should take the lead in the system, although there is a fair measure of agreement that the Mayor is best placed to take the lead in London. Also, perhaps unsurprisingly, in both systems there exist conflicts and partnerships. The discussion of the findings, together with an analysis of the recurring themes in this study, offer significant insights into the factors that shape and influence the systems of governance of mass transportation in both cases, and the degree to which collaborative governance exists.
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Tomori, Opeoluwa. "Feasibility study of a large scale biogas plant in Lagos, Nigeria." Thesis, Tomori, Opeoluwa (2012) Feasibility study of a large scale biogas plant in Lagos, Nigeria. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/17325/.
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Lagos state hosts one of the largest emerging cities in the world, with such a status comes the problem of a population that is fast outgrowing the infrastructure required for its survival, such as sewage treatment facilities to prevent pollution. In a situation where the government is finding it difficult to solve problems the private sector must intervene where possible, but for this to happen they must see an avenue for profit making. In doing this research work I intend to investigate the possibility of turning the state’s sewage waste to energy for profit making such that private entities have an incentive to solve this problem.
This study includes a detailed study of the technology of a biogas plant, the process of digestion and a look at a number of other biogas plants operating around the world. The costs per cubic meter of gas produced were examined and were used to estimate a possible cost of such a plant in Lagos. The net present cost of such a plant was calculated, and a case study was used to compare the use of biogas with natural gas for industrial heat processes. The feasibility of the plant was explained and a sensitivity analysis of the effects of changes in capital cost and the discounting rate was done.
The NPC of the plant over its 10 year lifetime is $1.75million and it has a Levelised cost of $0.78/m3. The plant at current operation parameters is not viable because the net present value is negative.
To conclude the plant is not viable but with some changes in the regulatory environment, improvements in plant operations and extra efforts in sourcing revenue it has the potential to solve a major problem and also generate a good profit.
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Ajayi, Olubunmi R. "Challenges and opportunities for reducing food waste in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/412983.
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Sustainable food systems can contribute to addressing food security, climate change, poverty alleviation, and economic growth. With 870 million undernourished people around the world and food shortages exacerbated by climate change, the United Nations (2015) made food security a priority in 2013. Gustavsson et al. (2011) estimated global food waste at 30% of food production. In 2015, the United Nations member states adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets under the framework of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The goal related to food waste reduction. Goal 12 “sustainable consumption and production” aims to reduce per capita food waste to 50% at both consumer and retail levels alongside reducing food waste in the supply chain and along production lines.
The debate on food waste has become significant within the waste industry and has received considerable attention from premier organizations, including the United Nations (UN), the European Union (EU), and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The UN (2015) estimated that almost half of all global food production is wasted, representing USD 750 billion. The environmental and climate change impact of the wasted economic resources associated with the production, distribution, and disposal of wasted food is another area of concern. The FAO reported that food waste has direct annual economic costs equal to USD 1 trillion, environmental costs of USD 700 billion, and social costs of USD 900 billion. (FAO, 2013)
Food waste research is gradually evolving, especially in developed economies with less research investment in developing countries. After years of waste management in developing countries, research has shown that food waste constitutes a significant portion of municipal solid waste (Asomani-Boateng & Haight, 1999). A large percentage of the municipalities’ budgets are spent on waste collection. This research investigates barriers limiting food waste initiatives and programs effectiveness and identify opportunities for strategic interventions in food waste management in Lagos, Nigeria. Lagos was chosen because it is a progressive state, leading initiatives in the country. Lagos also experiences serious climate change issues and is home to the largest urban agglomeration in Nigeria. Furthermore, Lagos is a mega city, the largest and most populous in Africa. A successful food waste policy in Lagos could filter into other states in Nigeria and serve as a model for other countries. The main question addressed in this research is “what are the challenges and opportunities for developing a zero food waste strategy in Lagos Metropolis?” To attain this goal, the researcher applied qualitative methods in a three phased approach. The first phase involved reviewing journal papers, documents, and literature. Data from the literature informed the selection and analysis of three successful and replicable cases from San Francisco, Taiwan, and South Korea that were evaluated for aspects which could be adapted to Lagos Metropolis. Information derived from the first phase informed the design of questions and other research techniques for conducting in-depth interviews with 14 global experts. Information from the second phase of the study informed the third phase which involved four focus groups consisting of about 68 attendees and in-depth interviews with 21 local experts. The informants represented relevant stakeholders from international organizations, government agencies, private industry, universities, research institutions, farmers, market associations, and non-governmental organizations. There are four main findings from this study. 1) A set was established of barriers limiting effective management of food waste in Lagos. These barriers include the lack of five main elements: food waste policy, end markets, infrastructure, readily available data, and food preservation knowledge. Other barriers are supply chain factors, greed, uncontrolled population density, poverty, consumption habits, culture, and a lack of continuity of policy initiatives and programs, among others. 2) Opportunities for waste management were identified such as implementing buy back programs, enhancing collaborations and partnerships among stakeholders, creating awareness, improving communication channels, investing in sustainable technology like driers for roasting fruits and vegetables, incentivizing farming operations, optimizing pricing for farmers, improving roads and infrastructure, encouraging communities to take ownership through food gardens and composting, and embedding enforcement in the existing regulatory framework to enhance food waste management in Lagos. 3) A food waste reduction framework was developed by analysing best practices and research findings to design and deliver effective responses to food waste in relevant institutions, detailing proven practices in food waste management systems, and synthesizing key success factors.4) A food waste management framework was devised for Lagos State. These findings provide a better understanding of the current state of food waste in Lagos, how it is presently managed, and the barriers and opportunities for developing workable policies, strategies, and sustainable solutions. In this study, guidelines are also proposed for designing, implementing, and evaluating future food waste management programs. In its results, significant policy opportunities were identified for food waste management, strategies, and guidelines to develop a food waste framework towards SDG Goal 12 by 2030.
Finally, this study contributes to the scant body of information on zero waste and food waste management studies in developing countries using the case of Lagos, the largest city in Africa. The solutions proposed in this study are robust and have implications for other developing countries facing similar problems and could help mitigate climate change impacts facing the global community.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Silva, Juliana Souza da. "Estudo a longo prazo da assembleia de Chironomidae em lagos rasos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2012. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/4386.
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Dissertação (mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, 2012.Submitted by Cristiane Gomides (cristiane_gomides@hotmail.com) on 2014-01-13T17:21:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 0000010065.pdf: 2640072 bytes, checksum: 684c38e9d51f045a0f7b69cc99781e58 (MD5)
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Esta dissertação teve como objetivo descrever a composição e estrutura da assembleia de Chironomidae durante um período de 10 anos e sua resposta frente a mudança de estados alternativos em um lago raso. Buscou-se também verificar se a estrutura das plantas aquáticas tem influência sobre esta assembleia em quatro diferentes lagos. Para verificar a semelhança quanto à composição dos gêneros entre os anos foi realizada similaridade de Jaccard e Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS, distância de Bray Curtis) para verificar a similaridade entre os anos com base nas abundâncias dos gêneros. A contribuição das variáveis ambientais para a distribuição dos gêneros de Chironomidae ao longo dos anos foi avaliada através da Análise de Correspondência Canônica (CCA). No estudo que analisou a influência da complexidade das plantas e características ambientais entre quatro lagos foi realizado a similaridade de Jaccard para verificar a semelhança quanto à composição dos gêneros entre os lagos e a composição em relação as plantas, MANOVA para testar se existe diferença entre os lagos e entre as plantas em relação às abundâncias médias dos gêneros, MANOVA entre os lagos em função dos grupos tróficos funcionais (GTFs) e entre as plantas em função dos GTFs. Os resultados do estudo a longo prazo no lago eutrófico demonstraram mudanças na riqueza, densidade e estrutura trófica de Chironomidae, com as alterações na qualidade de água e estrutura do ecossistema, confirmando nossa hipótese de que esta assembleia pode ser utilizada como indicadora nos estados alternativos e estado trófico em lagos rasos subtropicais. Os resultados indicam que as mudanças de estados alternativos podem corresponder a distúrbios de moderada intensidade no ecossistema. A assembleia de Chironomidae respondeu com maior riqueza e diversidade nos períodos de transição, sugerindo que este grupo responde a hipótese do distúrbio intermediário. Os resultados referentes ao estudo sobre a complexidade de plantas indicam que a complexidade da estrutura das plantas aquáticas em ambientes lênticos subtropicais rasos, influencia na composição dos gêneros de Chironomidae. Embora não tenhamos encontrado diferença significativa entre os lagos em relação a abundância desses gêneros, com a categorização em grupos funcionais obtivemos uma resposta desses organismos em relação as características ambientais de cada lago.
This study aims to describe the composition and structure of the assembly of chironomids for a period of 10 years and its response to change of alternative states in a shallow eutrophic lake. It also sought to verify that the structure of aquatic plants has an influence on this assembly in four different lakes. To check the similarity in the composition of the genera was performed between the years Jaccard similarity and Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS, Bray Curtis distance) to verify the similarity between the years based on the abundances of the genera. The contribution of environmental variables for the distribution of Chironomidae genera over the years was evaluated by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). In the study examined the influence of the complexity of plants and environmental characteristics of four lakes was conducted Jaccard similarity to verify the similarity in the composition of the genera among the lakes and composition in relation to plants, MANOVA to see if there are differences between the lakes and among plants in relation to the average abundances of the genera, MANOVA between lakes depending on the functional trophic groups (GTFs) and among plants depending on the GTFs. The results of longterm study in eutrophic lake showed changes in density, richness and trophic structure of Chironomidae with changes in water quality and ecosystem structure confirming our hypothesis that this assembly can be used as an indicator in the alternative states and trophic state in subtropical shallow lakes. The results indicate that changes in alternative states may correspond to moderate disturbances in the ecosystem. The assembly of chironomids responded with greater richness and diversity in transition periods, suggesting that this group responds to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. The results for the study of the complexity of plants indicate that the complexity of the structure of aquatic plants in lentic shallow subtropical influences the composition of the genera of Chironomidae. Although we found no significant difference between the lakes relative abundance of these genera, as categorized into functional groups obtained a response of these organisms in relation to environmental characteristics of each lake.
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Olorunshola, Yemisi Christianah. "Small Business Sustainability Strategies in the Maritime Industry in Lagos, Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6933.
Full textAbstract:
Small business enterprises (SBEs) are major contributors to national job creation and employment, but small businesses face a myriad of challenges which lead to their failure before 5 years of operation. Some small business owners lack the skills to create strategies that will lead to long term business survival. Porter's 5 forces competition was used as the conceptual framework for this multiple case study. The purpose of the study was to explore the strategies Nigerian SBEs use to sustain their first 5 years of operation. Semistructured interviews served to collect data from the chief executive officers of 2 SBEs in the maritime industry in Lagos, Nigeria. Data analysis entailed the use of qualitative analysis to capture and organize data and identify emerging themes. Some emerging themes included the securing of the necessary finances, the ability to respond to the effects of government policy, and providing excellent customer service. The implications of this study for social change include the mitigation of the negative effects of business failure on the people of the host community. Small business owners and leaders, partners of small business owners, and policymakers might benefit from this research by deploying the findings to appropriate business domains.
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Awosanya, Michael Oluwatola. "Challenge of Leadership Succession in Family-owned Business in Lagos, Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6968.
Full textAbstract:
Leaders of family-owned businesses pay more attention to the attainment of personal and organizational objectives than to leadership succession plans for continuity when they leave the business. Despite the significant contributions of family-owned businesses to the social and economic development of nations, founders and leaders still contend with the challenge of leadership transfer to the next generation. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenology study was to examine the lived experiences of past and current leaders of family-owned businesses in Lagos regarding the challenge of preparing the next generation for leadership succession. The theory of knowledge transfer formed the conceptual framework for the study. Purposeful sampling method was used to select 15 business owners and leaders from 5 family-owned businesses in Lagos. Data collection methods included in-depth and open-ended telephone interviews. The Steve-Colaizzi-Keen design was used to analyze, and code data to identify prevailing themes. Eight themes emerged in the study of which six corroborate some current studies on leadership succession, while the remaining two new themes could be described as potential gaps in the literature. The study findings may help resolve complexities of determining, choosing, and mentoring potential leaders for eventual takeover when there is a vacuum. The results of the study highlighted the need for education or a foundation to support family-owned businesses in southwest Nigeria in the transfer of leadership to successive generations. This could prevent family-owned businesses from going into extinction at the exit of the founders.