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Journal articles on the topic 'Lagrange (Firm)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mohajan, Devajit, and Haradhan Kumar Mohajan. "A Study on Nonlinear Budget Constraint of a Local Industrial Firm of Bangladesh: A Profit Maximization Investigation." Law and Economy 2, no. 5 (2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/le.2023.05.04.

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Every local or global firm expects to achieve maximum profit for its survival in sustainable economic environment. This article considers that a local industrial firm of Bangladesh has achieved maximum profit during its total operation. So that this study directly tries to calculate maximum profit and also Lagrange multiplier for profit maximization investigation by the consideration of nonlinear budget constraint. In this study Cobb-Douglas production function is considered as profit function to operate mathematical procedures. Method of Lagrange multiplier is also applied here to obtain accu

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2

Inrawan, Ady. "DIVIDEND POLICY AS MODERATOR OF FIRM VALUE DETERMINANTS." Ultima Management : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen 17, no. 1 (2024): 104–29. https://doi.org/10.31937/manajemen.v17i1.4205.

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Abstract- This study is to analyze the influence of leverage, firm size, and profitability on firm value, with dividend policy as moderator. Secondary data were used, consisting of financial reports gathered from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study’s population consists of 67 firms listed in the LQ45 Index between 2019-2023. By applying purposive sampling, 19 companies chosen, resulting in 95 total observations. The data analysis utilized is multiple linear regression incorporating a moderating variable (Moderated Regression Analysis/MRA), performed on panel data using EViews 13 soft

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Inrawan, Ady, and Darwin Lie. "The Role Of Profitability In Mediating Determinants Of Firm Value." JAS (Jurnal Akuntansi Syariah) 8, no. 2 (2024): 389–413. https://doi.org/10.46367/jas.v8i2.2180.

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This study aims to analyze the role of profitability in mediating the relationship between liquidity, leverage, and firm size on firm value. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange websites. The population comprises 71 companies listed in the LQ45 index for 2018-2022. The study sample includes 18 non-bank companies within the LQ45 index, selected through purposive sampling, yielding 90 observations over five years. Data analysis was conducted using panel data with EViews 13 software. Model selection was carried out through the Chow, Hausman, an

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Irawan, Ferry, and Lili Talpia. "THE EFFECT OF LEVERAGE, FIRM SIZE, EARNING GROWTH, AND EARNING PERSISTENCE ON EARNING RESPONSE COEFFICIENT." Bina Ekonomi 25, no. 1 (2021): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/be.v25i1.5124.41-56.

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This study aims to investigate the effect of leverage, firm size, earnings growth, and earning persistence on earnings response coefficient. The population used in this study are all manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 until 2019 and had positive earnings before tax. Consequently, the samples in this research are 68 manufacturing companies so that the observations are 340. For examining data, this research uses a panel data regression model. After running the chow test and Lagrange multiplier test, the most suitable method for the regression model is the common

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Joseph, Benvolio, and Ironkwe U.I. "Board Composition and Firm Performance of Quoted Commercial Banks in Nigeria." GPH-International Journal of Business Management 05, no. 01 (2022): 19–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6748742.

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Banks world over are expected to operate within acceptable standards of governance for consistent operational performance. They depend on customer deposits, which are confidence–driven. Since the quality of governance is critical to winning and retaining customer confidence and patronage, the imperative for good governance practices in banks cannot be overemphasized. The aim of this study is to empirically explore the relationship between board composition and firms’ performance of quoted commercial banks in Nigeria. Data on different variables of board composition and firm market

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Dr., Momoh –. Musa A. "Board Composition and Firm Performance of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria." Research Journal of Management Practice 4, no. 9 (2024): 35–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14055359.

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<em>Banks world over are expected to operate within acceptable standards of governance for consistent performance operations. They run heavily on customer deposits, which is confidence – driven. Since the quality of governance is critical to winning and retaining customer confidence and patronage, the imperative for good governance practices in banks cannot be overemphasized. The aim of this study is to empirically explore the relationship between board composition and firms performance of listed deposit money bank in Nigeria. Data on different variables of board composition and firm mar

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Inrawan, Ady, Hery Pandapotan Silitonga, and Lenny Dermawan Sembiring. "THE ROLE OF FIRM SIZE IN MODERATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFITABILITY AND FIRM VALUE." FINANCIAL: JURNAL AKUNTANSI 11, no. 1 (2025): 119–32. https://doi.org/10.37403/financial.v11i1.733.

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The primary objective of this study is to analyze the effect of profitability on firm value, with firm size serving as the moderating variable. The data used in this study are secondary data in the form of financial statements obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and the websites of the sampled companies. The research population consists of 27 companies in the heavy constructions & civil engineering subsector during the 2019–2023 period. Using a purposive sampling method, 17 companies were selected, resulting in 85 observations. The data analysis technique employed is multiple

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Inrawan, Ady, Lenny Dermawan Sembiring, and Christine Loist. "The Moderating Role of Liquidity in the Relationship between Leverage, Firm Size, and Profitability." International Journal of Business, Law, and Education 6, no. 1 (2025): 54–68. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v6i1.961.

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This study aims to analyze the role of liquidity in moderating the effect of capital structure and firm size on profitability. The data used in this research is secondary data from companies in the property and real estate sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2019–2023. The study employs panel data with a sample of 45 companies selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 225 observations. The analysis uses panel data regression with EViews 13 software, with the best model chosen through the Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier tests. The study results indica

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Oktadewi, Angelina Metta Arilia, and Ni Nyoman Ayu Diantini. "ESG and firm value: The moderating role of environmental performance and profitability in Indonesia’s mining sector." International research journal of management, IT and social sciences 12, no. 4 (2025): 217–29. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v12n4.2536.

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This study examines the relationship between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance and firm value in Indonesia’s mining sector, with a focus on the moderating roles of environmental performance and profitability. ESG performance is proxied by the Sustainable Report Disclosure Index (SRDI), firm value is measured using Tobin’s Q, environmental performance is measured using the PROPER rating, and profitability is represented by Return on Assets (ROA). The research sample comprises 10 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that consistently publish sustain

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Eni Puji Astuti, Yohanes Indrayono, and Hendro Sasongko. "THE INFLUENCE OF COMPANY SIZE, LEVERAGE, AND GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE COMPANY'S VALUE IN GO PUBLIC BANKING." International Journal of Accounting, Management, Economics and Social Sciences (IJAMESC) 3, no. 3 (2025): 786–94. https://doi.org/10.61990/ijamesc.v3i3.513.

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This study aims to examine the influence of company size, leverage, managerial ownership, and institutional ownership on firm value in publicly listed banking companies in Indonesia. This research applies a quantitative approach using panel data regression. The study includes 20 banking firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2023, generating 140 firm-year observations. The common effect model was selected based on Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier tests. The results indicate that company size has a significant positive effect on firm value, while leverage has a signific

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Erion, Lili Purnama Sita, and Yuli Zain. "Firm Value Model in Pharmaceutical Companies." International Journal of Asian Business and Management 3, no. 4 (2024): 599–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/ijabm.v3i4.10679.

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This study intends to investigate and fill the knowledge vacuum among academics about the issue wherein leverage is not given priority as a risk factor in relation to institutional ownership and the availability of firm liquidity. Furthermore, investors in the capital market do not perceive leverage to be a major factor. This study uses a quantitative methodology, focusing on chemical businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) over a ten-year period. It does this by using a multiple regression analysis method using panel data. Five companies were chosen through the use of a purpos

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Museve, Elijah, Philip Mulama Nyangweso, and Joel Tenai. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOARD CHARACTERISTICS AND FIRM FINANCIAL DIVERSIFICATION (GEOGRAPHIC SALES) AMONG LISTED FIRMS ON NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA: STATIC PANEL APPROACH." American Journal of Finance 2, no. 7 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajf.314.

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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between board characteristics and firm financial diversification (geographic sales) among listed firms on Nairobi securities exchange, Kenya: static panel approach.Methodology: Fisher and Levin-Lin-Chu tests were used to test the presence of unit root in the series under study. Hadri residual-based Lagrange multiplier test was used to determine the feasible model.Results: Results revealed existence of positive and significant relationship between interlock directorship and geographic diversification as positive and significant

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Kesuma, Muhammad Ramadhani, Margareth Henrika S., Lusiana Desy Ariswati, Chandika Mahendra Widaryo, Ellen D. Oktanti Irianto, and Rohana Nur Aini. "Exploring Climate Risk Effects on Financial Performance in Energy Sector." RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business 4, no. 2 (2025): 235–41. https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i2.483.

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This study examines the impact of the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) on the financial performance of energy firms in Indonesia and Malaysia, with capital structure as a moderating factor, using panel data analysis. Data from 62 publicly listed energy firms over 2019–2023 were analyzed through fixed effects, random effects, and diagnostic tests (Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier). Results reveal that CCPI does not significantly affect return on assets (ROA) (coefficient = -0.0065, p = 0.837), and capital structure shows no moderating effect (p = 0.806). Firm size exhibits a near-s

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Alghifari, Erik Syawal, Ardi Gunardi, Jaja Suteja, Indah Khoerun Nisa, and Zalfa Amarananda. "Investment Decisions of Energy Sector Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange: Theory and Evidence." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 6 (2022): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13642.

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This paper focused on strategic corporate financial decisions regarding investments to increase firm value moderated by profitability in emerging markets. The analytical method used was panel data analysis, with a total number of observations of 260 energy sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021. The results of the Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lagrange Multiplier Test show the selected random effect model. The model shows that there is an effect of investment decisions on firm value in a positive direction and the moderating role of profitability strengthens this effect.

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Mayliza, Riri, and Dini Sri Dahyana. "Profitabilitas dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)." ARZUSIN 5, no. 4 (2025): 1648–62. https://doi.org/10.58578/arzusin.v5i4.6101.

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This study is motivated by the gap in understanding regarding the influence of profitability and company growth on firm value in Indonesia’s banking sector, particularly during the 2019–2023 period. The objective is to examine the effect of profitability and company growth on firm value among banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (Bursa Efek Indonesia or BEI). A quantitative approach was employed using multiple linear regression analysis based on panel data, obtained from the annual financial statements of 38 banking companies selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was condu

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Romantica, Krishna Prafidya, and Paiz Jalaludin. "The Influence of Financial Ratios and Firm Size on Stock Return." Assets : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Akuntansi, Keuangan dan Pajak 8, no. 1 (2024): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30741/assets.v8i1.1212.

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Researchers analyze financial ratio data using a quantitative approach to determine the effect on the company's stock return. Researchers formulated four research hypotheses. The data will be modeled using the Panel Data Regression method with the help of E-Views 12 Student software. With purposive sampling techniques, researchers will use stock closing price data and financial statements from 9 Properties and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (period 2018 to 2022). With the chow test and lagrange multiplier test, researchers will model the data using a common effect

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17

Zachariah, Peter, Teru Peter, and Collins Ugwu Chukwuma. "Corporate Financing and Value of Quoted Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria." Journal of Economics and Business 3, no. 2 (2020): 934–40. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.03.02.250.

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Financial management aims at maximizing shareholders’ wealth and this requires financial decision makers balance capital funding between investments in projects that increase the firm’s long term profitability and sustainability (value). Thus, the need for examination of the relationship between corporate financing and value of quoted consumer goods companies in Nigeria. Data for the study were collected from annual reports and accounts of the sampled companies for ten years (2009 – 2018). Data collected were analyzed using generalized least square (GLS), interpretations were

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18

Tambunan, Martua Eliakim, and Yohana Ronauli. "The Influence of Leverage, Profitability, Liquidity and Tax Planning on Company Value in Consumption Goods Industry Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange." International Journal of Social Health 3, no. 5 (2024): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.58860/ijsh.v3i5.242.

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This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of leverage, profitability, liquidity, and tax planning on company value in consumer goods industry sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2021. It is a quantitative study using panel data analysis, employing methods such as the Chow test, Hausman test, Lagrange multiplier test, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing through Eviews 12 software. The study population includes companies in the consumer goods sector registered on the IDX between 2019 and 2021. A purposive sampling method was applied,

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Ömer, Faruk Büyükkurt. "Detection of the Relationship Between Firm Age and Discretionary Accrual Manipulation Practices: Evidence From BIST." JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC SOCIAL RESOURCES (ASR JOURNAL) 9, no. 5 (2024): 423–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13995393.

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This study examines the relationship between firm age and discretionary accrual manipulation in manufacturing firms listed on BIST (Borsa Istanbul) from 2013 to 2019. By applying stringent data selection criteria, the final sample includes 1,063 firm-year observations drawn from various manufacturing sub-sectors. Discretionary accruals, detected via the Dechow Model, serve as the study’s dependent variable. To ensure a comprehensive analysis, several control variables are incorporated: financial leverage, firm size, return on assets (ROA), and market-to-book ratio. These controls are ess

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Khalifa H, Abdulfattah Mohamed G., Riccardo Natoli, and Segu Zuhair. "The Impact of Board and Audit Characteristics on the Financial Performance of UAE Listed Firms." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 10, no. 2 (2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v10i2.16481.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical insights on the impact of board and audit committee characteristics on the financial performance of United Arab Emirates (UAE) listed firms.Design/methodology/approach – A multiple regression panel model was employed for the period 2006 to 2015. The analysis incorporates Anderson Lagrange Multiplier test and Hausman test to determine if a fixed effects or random effects model should be employed.Findings – Our results demonstrated that board size and board meetings had a significant positive relationship with financial performance whil

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dell’Isola, Francesco, Alessandro Della Corte, and Ivan Giorgio. "Higher-gradient continua: The legacy of Piola, Mindlin, Sedov and Toupin and some future research perspectives." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 22, no. 4 (2016): 852–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286515616034.

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Since the first studies dedicated to the mechanics of deformable bodies (by Euler, D’Alembert, Lagrange) the principle of virtual work (or virtual velocities) has been used to provide firm guidance to the formulation of novel theories. Gabrio Piola dedicated his scientific life to formulating a continuum theory in order to encompass a large class of deformation phenomena and was the first author to consider continua with non-local internal interactions and, as a particular case, higher-gradient continua. More recent followers of Piola (Mindlin, Sedov and then Richard Toupin) recognized the pri

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Supriyatno, Agus, Imas Kismanah, Kimsen Kimsen, and Ahmad Pagandi. "THE EFFECT OF LIQUIDITY, LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITY ON TAX AGGRESSIVENESS WITH FIRM SIZE AS MODERATION." Jurnal Comparative: Ekonomi dan Bisnis 7, no. 1 (2025): 130. https://doi.org/10.31000/combis.v7i1.13219.

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This study is to determine the effect of Liquidity, Leverage, Profitability, on Tax Aggressiveness and Firm Size as moderating variables. This research uses a quantitative approach, the research sample is 19 companies. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, namely a sample research technique with certain considerations using Eviews 12 software. The research method used in this analysis was the Chow test, Hausman test, Lagrange Multiplier test with the selected model, namely the Random effect model. The results of the simultaneous hypothesis research show that the Leverage and Prof

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Risna Wijayanti, Yudi Priambodo Purnomo Sidi ,. Moeljadi, Sumiati,. "Banks Amid Economic Recovery: Understanding Macroeconomic Influences, Firm Valuation, and the Investor Confidence Paradox." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 4 (2023): 7866–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.2809.

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This study investigates the intriguing relationship between a robust macroeconomic environment during economic recovery and the signaling of increased firm value within the banking sector. It underscores the importance of macroeconomic factors in investors' evaluation of banking firms and examines the rationale behind investors not exhibiting strong reactions to favorable macroeconomic signals. Utilizing an explanatory research method, the study analyzes secondary data from financial reports of 42 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2010-2020. A panel data regression approa

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Ramadhanty, Raihan, Saparuddin Siregar, and Juliana Nasution. "Analysis of the Influence of Islamic Social Reporting Disclosure on the Growth of Islamic Banks (Study of Sharia Commercial Bank 2017-2021 Period)." PKM-P 6, no. 2 (2022): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/jurma.v6i2.1565.

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This study aims to empirically examine the effect of Islamic Social Reporting on the Growth of Islamic Banking, namely Islamic Commercial Banks for the 2017-2021 period. This study uses a quantitative approach. The type of variable data is secondary data, namely data obtained from the annual financial report published on the official website of each bank for the period 2017-2021. The analytical method used is the panel data regression method. The data analysis techniques used in this study include Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Model Selection (FEM, CEM REM, Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lag

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Ramadhanty, Raihan, Saparuddin Siregar, and Juliana Nasution. "Analysis of the Influence of Islamic Social Reporting Disclosure on the Growth of Islamic Banks (Study of Sharia Commercial Bank 2017-2021 Period)." PKM-P 6, no. 2 (2022): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/pkm-p.v6i2.1565.

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This study aims to empirically examine the effect of Islamic Social Reporting on the Growth of Islamic Banking, namely Islamic Commercial Banks for the 2017-2021 period. This study uses a quantitative approach. The type of variable data is secondary data, namely data obtained from the annual financial report published on the official website of each bank for the period 2017-2021. The analytical method used is the panel data regression method. The data analysis techniques used in this study include Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Model Selection (FEM, CEM REM, Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lag

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Rifani Akbar Sulbahri, Luk Luk Fuadah, Yulia Saftiana, and Sa'adah Sidiq. "How Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non-Performing Loans and Good Corporate Governance Affect Company Value with Financial Performance as Intervening Variables." International Journal of Economics and Management Research 2, no. 1 (2023): 194–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/ijemr.v2i1.78.

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The increasingly open economic system between countries, known as international trade, is evidence of the rapid expansion of the current economic system. The only depository financial institution is a bank. In this study, we will discuss how Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non-Performing Loans and Good Corporate Governance Affect Firm Value with Financial Performance as an Intervening Variable. Data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis, panel data regression estimation, common effect models, fixed effect models, random effect models, Chow tests, Hausman tests, Lagrange Multiplier tests, classi

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Mentari, Citra, and Eni Indriani. "Deteksi Fraudulent Financial Statement melalui Dechow F-Score dengan Pemoderasi Firm Size." Owner 8, no. 4 (2024): 4436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/owner.v8i4.2361.

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Financial statement fraud is common in Indonesia, especially in the financial sector. The focus of this research is to evaluate whether the six elements of the fraud hexagon theory affect the false financial statements of companies in the financial industry. These six elements are proxied by the variables stimulus (financial stability), opportunity (ineffective monitoring), rationalization (auditor switching), capability (change in director), ego (arrogance), and collusion. This study also statistically analyzes whether firm size can moderate the influence of these variables. The research popu

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Likhachev, S. F., A. G. Rudnitskiy, M. A. Shchurov, et al. "High-resolution imaging of a black hole shadow with Millimetron orbit around lagrange point l2." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 511, no. 1 (2022): 668–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac079.

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ABSTRACT Imaging of the shadow around supermassive black hole (SMBH) horizon with a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is recognised recently as a powerful tool for experimental testing of Einstein’s General relativity. The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has demonstrated that an Earth-extended VLBI with the maximum long base (D = 10 700 km) can provide a sufficient angular resolution θ ∼ 20 μas at λ = 1.3 mm (ν = 230 GHz) for imaging the shadow around SMBH located in the galaxy M87*. However, the accuracy of critically important characteristics, such as the asymmetry of the crescent-shape

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Ayu Puspitaningtyas. "MODEL FIRM VALUE PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR TEKNOLOGI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2018-2023." JISOSEPOL: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi dan Politik 3, no. 2 (2025): 475–86. https://doi.org/10.61787/rdv2dr16.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Free Cash Flow, Net Gearing Ratio, dan Tingkat Suku Bunga terhadap nilai perusahaan pada sektor teknologi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2018–2023. Nilai perusahaan dalam penelitian ini diproyeksikan dengan menggunakan rasio Price Earning Ratio (PER). Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada adanya inkonsistensi hasil penelitian sebelumnya mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif dengan metode analisis regresi data panel. Sampel da

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Fajaryani, Ni Luh Gede Sri, and Elly Suryani. "STRUKTUR MODAL, LIKUIDITAS, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN." Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Kontemporer 10, no. 2 (2018): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/jrak.v10i2.1370.

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This study aims to examine the effect of capital structure as measured by the debt to equity ratio (DER), liquidity measured by the current ratio (CR), and firm size measured by the natural logarithm (Ln) of total assets against financial performance as measured by return on equity (ROE) in companies in the property and real estate sub-sector from 2013-2016. The method of determining the sample used was purposive sampling. The sample used was 40 companies. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis consisting of chow test, hausman test, and lagrange multiplier test usin

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Musa, Wasiu Ajani, Ramat Titilayo Salman, Ibrahim Olayiwola Amoo, and Muhammed Lawal Subair. "Impact of firm’s specific factors on audit fee of quoted consumer goods firms." Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review 4, no. 1 (2020): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv4i1p4.

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Greater pricing presume on audit service has been put by the regulations of the auditing and accounting practices for the disclosure of audit fees, since audit fee is directly related to audit quality. However, the audit fees perceived by the client is often different from the amount charged by the auditors. Hence, this study investigated the impact of firm-specific characteristics on audit fees of quoted consumer goods firms in Nigeria using a purposive sampling technique. Secondary data were obtained from annual reports of the companies for the period from 2009-2016. The empirical result fro

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Ahmad, Nisar, and Ayesha Ahmed. "Behavior of Company Performance in Response to Dividend Policy: An Analysis of Textile Sector Listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 12 (2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.912.11100.

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The current study explains the relationship of dividend payout policy on the business performance of companies that exist in textile of Pakistan. 100 companies are selected from textile sector. Relationship of dividend payout policy and business performance was controlled with four variables based on relevant theories. These variables include size of company, growth of company, leverage (debt to equity ratio) and corporate governance index. Panel data is collected from 2012-2017 (six years) and then analyzed with unit root, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, OLS regression, Lagrange

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Badar, Dadan Samsul, Nugraha Nurgraha, Yayat Supriatna, and Imas Purnamasari. "The Impact of Financial Ratios on Corporate Performance in Southeast Asia: A Comparison of Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 13, no. 3 (2025): 419–32. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v13i3.3483.

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This study aims to analyze the impact of financial ratios on corporate performance in Southeast Asia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses secondary data obtained from the annual financial statements of companies listed in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore during the 2019–2023 period. The method used is panel data regression with a Random Effect model, which was selected based on the results of the Hausman and Lagrange Multiplier tests. The results indicate that the Debt Ratio (DR) and firm size have a significant negative impact on financial performance, measured by Retu

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Malo, Sempratriz, and Andry Sugeng. "Pengaruh Intensitas Aset Tetap, Konservatisme Akuntansi, Pertumbuhan Penjualan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak." SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION : Economic, Accounting, Management and Business 8, no. 3 (2025): 924–32. https://doi.org/10.37481/sjr.v8i3.1169.

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Tax avoidance practices remain a persistent challenge for governments in optimizing tax revenue. In Indonesia, the real estate and property sectors have been under scrutiny due to their complex asset structures and aggressive financial strategies that may facilitate tax avoidance. This study aims to empirically examine the influence of fixed asset intensity, accounting conservatism, and sales growth on tax avoidance. A quantitative, causal-associative approach was employed using secondary data from the financial statements of 13 real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock

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Li, Tianyun, Weiguo Fang, Desheng Dash Wu, and Baofeng Zhang. "Inventory financing a risk-averse newsvendor with strategic default." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 5 (2020): 1003–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2019-0417.

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PurposeThe paper aims to explore the optimal strategies of inventory financing when the risk-averse retailer has different objectives, in the presence of multi-risk, i.e. demand risk, non-operational risk and retailer's strategic default risk.Design/methodology/approachThis paper develops an inventory financing model consisting of a bank and a risk-averse retailer with strategic default. This paper considers two scenarios, i.e. the capital-constrained retailer cares about its profit or firm value. In the first scenario, the bank acts as a Stackelberg leader determining its interest rate, and t

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Bong, Jeongsik, and Joonhyeon Jeon. "Design of FIR Halfband Filters using Generalized Lagrange Polynomial." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 50, no. 10 (2013): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieek.2013.50.10.188.

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Nwohu, Anthony I., Ify L. Nwaogazie, and Samuel Sule. "Finite Element Stress-based Stability Analysis of Diaphragm Walls for Coastal Protection at Onne, Rivers State in the Niger Delta." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 44, no. 3 (2025): 99–113. https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2025/v44i34502.

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The aim of this research is to model the stability of diaphragm walls subjected to seepage and sediment transport using finite element method for different soil conditions in the Niger Delta. Most coastal structures are supported by deep foundations and diaphragm walls for coastal protections or serving as quay walls. Diaphragm walls serve the dual purpose of coastal protection and berthing of vessels. Transient seepage/sediment transport (flow boundary conditions) and stress-deformations (stress boundary conditions) are the major controlling factors influencing the stability of diaphragm wall

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Adeniyi, A. A., H. P. Morvan, and K. A. Simmons. "A coupled Euler-Lagrange CFD modelling of droplets-to-film." Aeronautical Journal 121, no. 1246 (2017): 1897–918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2017.107.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper, a droplet to film interaction model technique is presented. In the proposed approach, the liquid and gas continua are modelled using an enhanced Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) technique while the droplets are tracked using a Lagrangian framework and are coupled to the Eulerian phases using source terms. The eventual target application is an aeroengine bearing chamber in which oil is found as droplets, shed from the bearings, splashing on impact, separated from wall surfaces at obstacles or simply re-entrained, and as a continuum oil film coating the bearing chamber outer walls wh

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Buckholz, R. H. "Effects of Power—Law, Non-Newtonian Lubricants on Load Capacity and Friction for Plane Slider Bearings." Journal of Tribology 108, no. 1 (1986): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261149.

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The lubrication of a conventional, finite width plane bearing, using a power-law, non-Newtonian lubricant, is studied. The basic assumptions in this analysis are: thin fluid-film, no thermal effects, and a modified Reynolds’ equation for small bearing aspect ratios. Results from this study include bearing pressure, load, and friction formulas. Similar results for the not-so-small bearing aspect ratios are found via an Euler-Lagrange equation. This Euler-Lagrange equation is derived from the optimization integral for the modified Reynolds’ equation. Approximate solutions to the modified Reynold

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Liu, Gui Zhen, Ying Yu, and Bang Chun Wen. "Nonlinear Analysis of Rotor-Stator-Bearing System Unsteady Oil Film Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.395.

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According to the LaGrange energy equation, the establishment of the unsteady oil film force of the rotor - stator - bearing system dynamics model, the application of numerical method, the system with the speed change time domain waveforms, amplitude spectra and Axis Orbit, the results show that: the unsteady oil film force and speed of change is closely related to changes in the process of oil film force oil whirl Oil Whip. Provide a theoretical basis for effective diagnosis of rotor - stator - bearing oil film instability fault research.

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Chatelain, Jean-Bernard. "Explicit Lagrange multiplier for firms facing a debt ceiling constraint." Economics Letters 67, no. 2 (2000): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1765(99)00270-0.

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Rosantiningsih, Ika, and Chotib Chotib. "SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF FIRE OCCURRENCE IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA." Proceedings of The International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics 2023, no. 1 (2023): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34123/icdsos.v2023i1.275.

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The occurrence of fire incidents in urban villages of Jakarta Special Capital Region significantly impacted losses, necessitating prevention and handling efforts. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the spatial influence of social and physical variables (independent variables) such as sex ratio, vulnerable age population, number of buildings, and size of slum areas on fires (dependent variable) in Jakarta Special Capital Region. The analysis area includes five municipalities of Jakarta Special Capital Region. Secondary data were obtained from Central Agency of Statistics of Jakarta Special C

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Yurlov, V. V., K. A. Zvezdin, and A. K. Zvezdin. "Theoretical and Numerical Modeling of Optical Switching of Epitaxial Nanostructures Based on Iron-Garnet Films." Fizika metallov i metallovedenie 125, no. 4 (2024): 476–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0015323024040139.

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The paper presents a theoretical analysis of magnetization switching in a gadolinium ferrite garnet film due to the demagnetizing effect of a femtosecond laser pulse. Using the Lagrange formalism for a two-sublattice ferrimagnet, the effective Lagrangian, thermodynamic potential, and Rayleigh dissipative function are obtained. The phase diagram of the ferrite film is analyzed, and the main states of the system are identified. Magnetization switching diagrams and trajectories of the order parameter dynamics of the magnet are constructed. The ranges of magnetic fields, temperatures, and demagnet

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Ma, Qiang, Jian Guo Lin, Xu Ling Hu, and Jia Gan Li. "Weihai Bay Oil Spill Predict Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 1433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1433.

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To provide beneficial reference to the assessment of the ship pollution risk of Weihai bay sea area and pollution prevention ability. Adopting the "oil particle" model, the drift and diffusion process of oil spill from a certain shipyard in Weihai bay is simulated. By using Lagrange method, the oil film center movement locus and the oil film distribution at each time is visualized. By considering the effect of environmental factors on the behavior of marine oil spill in the three-dimension flow field, turbulence, wind guide, transport and wave breaking, the oil spill prediction model predicted

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KROTSCHECK, E., and M. D. MILLER. "GENERIC ELECTRON MOBILITY IN SURFACE STATES ON HELIUM FILMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 13n14 (2007): 2103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207043506.

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We study the mobility of electrons adsorbed to thin 4 He films. Utilizing the time-dependent version of the Euler-Lagrange, hypernetted chain variational theory, we compute the inelastic scattering rate of an electron due to collisions with film excitations (third sound). We obtain an analytic result valid in the long wavelength limit. In agreement with experiment, the mobility shows oscillations due to the underlying transverse film structure. The oscillations are explicitly due to the appearance of the third sound speed in the scattering rate since the third sound speed itself oscillates in

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Sun, Jin Guang, Xin Nian Yang, Yang Li, and Jun Tao Wang. "Real-Time Flame Simulation Based on Volume Rendering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2643.

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Computer simulation of the flame is difficult to achieve real-time and realistic problem, proposing a fire simulation method based on fluid model and GPU general computing combining. The method is based on the incompressible flame, low-density, non-sticky and so on. Semi-Lagrange method is using to solve the fluid equations, using volume rendering based on 3D texture to rendering the flame. Then, using the method of energy-spectrum of radiation to control the color of the flame, and using the GPU to accelerate in parallel, balance realistic and real time.

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Ou, Zhicheng, Xiaohu Yao, and Xiaoqing Zhang. "Dynamic Stability of a Thin Film Bonded to a Compliant Substrate Subjected to a Step Load with Damping." International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation 18, no. 3-4 (2017): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijnsns-2015-0091.

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AbstractThe flexible electronic structure is based on the buckling of a thin film on a compliant substrate. This paper studies the dynamic stability of this structure subjected to a uniaxial step load with damping. The equation of motion is derived by Hamilton’s principle and Euler-Lagrange equation. Through the qualitative analysis of the phase portraits of the dynamic equation, as well as the quantitative analysis of the responses according to Budiansky-Roth criterion, the critical dynamic load is determined. It is the same as that in static buckling. Affected by damping, at the stage of pre

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Liu, Gui Zhen, Ying Yu, and Bang Chun Wen. "Analysis of Non-Linear Dynamic on Unsteady Oil-Film Force Rotor-Stator-Bearing System with Rub-Impact Fault." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.49.

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Established the unsteady oil-film force with rub-impact fault of rotor-stator-bearing system mechanical models by using Lagrange equation, Application of numerical analysis to study it, concluded that the rotor system in frequency as the only incentive system control parameters of orbit and bifurcation diagrams; analysis of the nonlinear behavior of the response of the system and the failure mechanism, provide a theoretical basis for the safe operation of the rotor system and fault diagnosis. The results show that, when the excitation frequency as the only control parameters, the system exist

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Liu, Gui Zhen, Ying Yu, and Bang Chun Wen. "Nonlinear Dynamics Analysis of Excitation Frequency under the Influence of the Rotor-Stator-Bearing System with Rub-Impact Fault." Advanced Materials Research 952 (May 2014): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.952.169.

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Established the unsteady oil-film force with rub-impact fault of rotor-stator-bearing system mechanical models by using Lagrange equation, Application of numerical analysis to study it, concluded that the rotor system in frequency as the only incentive system control parameters of orbit and bifurcation diagrams; analysis of the nonlinear behavior of the response of the system and the failure mechanism, provide a theoretical basis for the safe operation of the rotor system and fault diagnosis. The results show that, when the excitation frequency as the only control parameters, the system exist

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MILLER, M. D., and E. KROTSCHECK. "THEORY OF THIRD SOUND AND STABILITY OF THIN 3He–4He SUPERFLUID FILMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 13n14 (2007): 2091–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920704349x.

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In this paper, we summarize the results of recent studies of third sound in thin, superfluid 3 He -4 He mixture films and the relation of the third sound spectrum to the question of the films' thermodynamic stability. We have considered films on several representative substrates: Nuclepore, glass, Li and Na . Our approach utilizes the variational, hypernetted chain/Euler-Lagrange (HNC–EL) theory as applied to inhomogeneous boson systems to calculate chemical potentials for both the 4 He superfluid film and the physisorbed 3 He . Numerical density derivatives of the chemical potentials lead to

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