Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lait – Microbiologie

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Academic literature on the topic 'Lait – Microbiologie'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lait – Microbiologie"

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COULON, J. B., E. ROCK, and Y. NOËL. "(only in French) Caractéristiques nutritionnelles des produits laitiers et variations selon leur origine." INRAE Productions Animales 16, no. 4 (August 11, 2003): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2003.16.4.3666.

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Au cours des dernières années de nombreux travaux ont été réalisés sur les caractéristiques sensorielles des fromages d’AOC, dans le cadre général de l’objectivation de leur liaison à leur terroir (voir Martin et al 2003, dans ce même dossier). De plus en plus, et au-delà des produits AOC, les consommateurs sont à la recherche d’information sur les caractéristiques nutritionnelles des aliments qu’ils consomment, et des produits laitiers en particulier. Les fromages d’AOC sont particulièrement concernés par cette question, dans la mesure où les conditions de leur production peuvent conduire à des caractéristiques nutritionnelles spécifiques. Celles-ci relèvent schématiquement de deux domaines distincts, d’une part les caractéristiques liées à la microbiologie des laits et des fromages et d’autre part celles liées à leur teneur en macro ou micro-constituants d’intérêt nutritionnel (protéines, lipides, vitamines, minéraux…).L’objectif de ce texte est de fournir quelques points de repères sur le rôle des micronutriments et de la microflore sur la santé, sur les liens entre la microflore digestive de l’Homme et son système immunitaire, et sur les actions déjà engagées ou en projet pour identifier et comprendre le rôle de la consommation de fromages au lait cru sur la santé humaine. Voir la suite de l'article à l'adresse :https://www6.inrae.fr/productions-animales_eng/content/download/3821/39526/version/1/file/Prod_Anim_2003_16_4_05.pdf
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Grappin, Rémy, Éric Beuvier, Yvette Bouton, and Sylvie Pochet. "Advances in the biochemistry and microbiology of Swiss-typecheeses." Le Lait 79, no. 1 (1999): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lait:199911.

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Eliskases-Lechner, Frieda, Wolfgang Ginzinger, Harald Rohm, and Eduard Tschager. "Raw milk flora affects composition and quality of Bergkäse. 1. Microbiology and fermentation compounds." Le Lait 79, no. 4 (1999): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lait:1999432.

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Garayzábal, J. F. Fernández, L. Domínguez Rodríguez, J. A. Vázquez Boland, J. L. Blanco Cancelo, and G. Suárez Fernández. "Listeria monocytogenes dans le lait pasteurisé." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-029.

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An haemolytic Listeria monocytogenes strain pathogenic to mice was isolated from 6 out of 28 (21.4%) pasteurized milk samples (3.2% fat milk treated at 78 °C for 15 s) marketed by a Madrid processing plant. Listeria grayi was recovered from 25 of the samples (89.2%) and L. innocua from 3 samples (10.7%). One milk sample was contaminated with L. welshimeri. No strains of L. ivanovii, L. seeligeri, L. murrayi, or L. denitrificans were isolated. These results show that pathogenic Listeria strains can be isolated from pasteurized milk and reinforce the hypothesis that this food product may be the source of numerous human listeriosis. [Translated by the journal]
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Rosmiaty, Rosmiaty, Andy Mizwar, Rizmi Yunita, and Erma Agusliani. "Kajian Laik Fisik Sanitasi Dan Kualitas Mikrobiologis Depot Air Minum (DAM) Dibawah Program Pembinaan Dan Pengawasan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara." EnviroScienteae 15, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v15i1.6333.

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Determining category of physical appropriateness of DWS under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, Determining Microbiology quality of DWA under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, analyzing the correlation of physical appropriateness and microbiology quality if DWS under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. This is a quantitative study using cross-sectional research design in which the research was conducted in a certain period of time, the location of research was in 10 service area of the public health center in 9 subdistricts under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. It was found that 30 DWS (Drinking Water Storehouse) is under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, DWS which categorized as physically not Appropriate (TLF) was 20 DWS (66,7%) and categorized as physically appropriate (LF) was 10 DWS (33,3%). Microbiology quality of Balangan, Tabalong, Negara, Tangkawang and Rantau Bujur Darat River were excess the standard of quality of class I intended for the drinking water source. Microbiology quality of water source (PDAM) from 30 samples, it was found that 14 samples (46,7%) contained Coliform and E. coli, there were 2 samples (6,7%) contained only Coliform. Quality of microbiology and water product of 30 DWS, it was found that 2 DWS contained Coliform, all water of DWS production did not contain E.coli. Statistical test of the correlation of physical appropriateness and microbiology quality of river water cannot be conducted because all samples have the same category which is TMS so that there was no difference in result data of category determination. There was no significant difference between physical appropriateness with microbiology quality of Coliform (p=0,260) and E.coli (p = 0,235) raw water of DWS. There was no significant correlation of physical appropriateness with microbiology quality of Coliform (p = 0,540) water product of DWS, meanwhile for statistical test for correlation of physical appropriateness and microbiology quality of E.coli of water product cannot be conducted because there was no difference in result data of category determination so that all samples has the same category.
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De Graaf, T., J. J. Romero Zuñiga, M. Caballero, and R. H. Dwinger. "Aspects de la qualité microbiologique de lait de vache dans une coopérative de petits éleveurs à Turrialba au Costa Rica." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 50, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9603.

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Des facteurs et des moments critiques influant sur la qualité hygiénique du lait ont été examinés au Costa Rica dans une coopérative de petits éleveurs laitiers qui livraient tous leur lait à une laiterie. Le lait de toutes les vaches en lactation a été examiné avec le CMT (California Mastitis Test). Le lait positif au CMT a subi un examen bactériologique (EB). En outre, des échantillons de lait ont été prélevés dans les cuves de stockage pour le comptage des cellules somatique (CCS) et EB. Huit pour cent des échantillons positifs au CMT ont révélé la présence de S. aureus. Vingt-huit pourcent des échantillons prélevés dans les cuves de stockage contenaient S. aureus et 79 % des échantillons contenaient E. coli. Tous les échantillons pris dans les cuves de stockage de la laiterie avaient un nombre de CFU supérieurà 2.106 cellules/ml. Ce lait était fortement contaminé par des agents bactériologiques provenant de l'environnement. Le refroidissement du lait était inadéquat. La méthode de préparation des mamelles, les appareils de traite insuffisamment aseptisés et l'eau de nettoyage étaient les principales sources de contamination du lait.
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Karapats, M. M., and L. A. Kraeva. "DISCIPLES OF PASTEUR FROM RUSSIA." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 8, no. 4 (January 16, 2019): 418–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2018-4-418-424.

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Abstract. Outstanding scientist, microbiologist, chemist Louis Pasteur left a great legacy to future generations: many discoveries in the relevant fields of science, a large number of disciples, followers and the Paris Institute, bearing his name. Among Pasteur's disciples were more than a hundred Russian scientists, whose fate was different. Some of them returned Home and were able to make a significant contribution to the development of microbiology and immunology in Russia. Not all the names of Pasteur's disciples are known to a wide range of microbiologists. Therefore, the article presents brief materials about some more or less well known scientists-followers of Louis Pasteur. L.S. Tsenkovsky may be considered the founder of microbiology in Russia, who in 1882 published the book "Microorganisms", and later was able to independently create a vaccine against anthrax. Numerous trips to the Pasteur Institute in Paris had a positive value — Lev Semenovich was able to assess how to be equipped laboratories that deal with serious problems in the field of microbiology. Students of Pasteur L.L. Heydenreich, A.D. Pavlovsky, M.F. Popov, A.I. Sudakov, A.A. Raevsky was able not only to develop scientific areas in microbiology, but also to transfer their knowledge to students of medical and veterinary faculties of universities in various cities of Russia, students of the St. Petersburg Military medical Academy and military doctors. I.I. Mechnikov and N.F. Gamalea were great friends and colleagues of Pasteur for many years. Together with Pasteur, they made a great contribution to the prosperity of the Paris Institute and the maintenance of the glory of its founder. The role of these scientists in the world heritage in the field of immunology and microbiology is difficult to overestimate. Associate I.I. Mechnikova was also D.K. Zabolotny, who managed to organize the departments of microbiology and epidemiology in several higher educational institutions of Russia and Ukraine. And, of course, the unsurpassed contribution to the organization of the Pasteur Institute in Russia on the model of the Paris Institute belongs to G.D. Belonovsky. Thanks to his efforts, the Sero-diagnostic laboratory gradually developed into the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute. Many disciples of Pasteur laid the foundation of a number of scientific areas in Russia: microbiology, immunology, toxicology, hygiene. Thanks to the efforts of enthusiasts among the followers of Louis Pasteur managed to establish in Russia (St. Petersburg) Institute, similar to Paris, also named after him. Each of the disciples of Pasteur thanks to selfless work was able to prove his high rank and make a significant contribution to the development of science for the health of the population of the Homeland.
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Maiwore, J., M. P. Baane, L. Tatsadjieu Ngoune, J. A. Fadila, M. Yaouba Yero, and D. Montet. "Qualité microbiologique et physico-chimique des laits fermentés consommés à Maroua (Cameroun)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 12, no. 3 (November 9, 2018): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v12i3.13.

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Tudela, E., J. Croizé, A. Lagier, and M. R. Mallaret. "Surveillance microbiologique des échantillons de laits infantiles et des surfaces dans une biberonnerie hospitalière." Pathologie Biologie 56, no. 5 (July 2008): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2007.09.015.

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Nigatu, A. "Evaluation of numerical analyses of RAPD and API 50 CH patterns to differentiate Lactobacillus plantarum, Lact. fermentum, Lact. rhamnosus, Lact. sake, Lact. parabuchneri, Lact. gallinarum, Lact. casei, Weissella minor and related taxa isolated from kocho and tef." Journal of Applied Microbiology 89, no. 6 (December 2000): 969–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01202.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lait – Microbiologie"

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Gaucher, Isabelle. "Caractéristiques de la micelle des caséines et stabilité des laits : de la collecte des laits crus au stockage des lait UHT." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NSARB183.

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La déstabilisation du lait UHT au cours du stockage sous forme d’un gel ou d’un sédiment, peut résulter d’une déstabilisation des micelles de caséines par des réactions enzymatiques ou physicochimiques. Souvent complexes et multifactorielles, pas toujours bien évaluées ni prédites par les tests de stabilité, ces déstabilisations sont une réelle problématique industrielle et scientifique. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier les relations entre les caractéristiques des micelles de caséines et la stabilité du lait. Les facteurs influençant ces relations au niveau des tests de stabilité et pour les laits soumis à la stérilisation UHT et au stockage ont été déterminés. Des analyses au niveau moléculaire, supramoléculaire et macroscopique de différents laits ont été réalisées. Dans une première partie, nous avons montré que la réponse des principaux tests de stabilité, à savoir les tests à la chaleur, à l’éthanol et au phosphate, était influencée par des facteurs spécifiques correspondant aussi bien aux caractéristiques de la micelle de caséines que de son environnement physico-chimique. Aucun facteur n’était trouvé commun aux trois tests et seulement cinq étaient spécifique de chacun, pourrait expliquer l’absence de corrélation entre les réponses des trois tests. Le mécanisme du test au phosphate a fait l’objet d’une étude plus approfondie. Nous avons observé que l’ajout de fortes concentrations de KH2PO4 à du lait cru écrémé modifiait les équilibres minéraux et résultait en une solubilisation préférentielle des caséines as1 puis β. Les micelles de caséines, alors déstructurées, s’agrégeaient, la teneur en eau des culots d’ultracentrifugation augmentait et le lait gélifiait. Ces modifications étaient quantativement plus importantes lorsque le pH du mélange était ajusté au pH du lait que lorsqu’il dérivait vers des pH acides
Destabilization of UHT milk during storage in the form of a gel or a sediment can result from a casein micelles destabilization by enzymatic or physico-chemical reactions. Often complex and multifactorial, not always well evaluated and predicted by stability tests, these destabilizations are a real industrial and scientific problematic. The objective of this work was to study relationships between casein micelles characteristics and milk stability. Factors influencing these relationships at the level of stability tests and for milks submitted to UHT sterilization and storage were determined. Analyses at the molecular supramolecular and macroscopic level were realized. In a first part, we showed that the answer of the main stability tests, namely heat, ethanol and phosphate tests, was influenced by specific factors corresponding as well to casein micelles characteristics as to those of its physico-chemical environment. No factor was found common to the three tests and only five were common to two tests. This weak number of analogies between tests, probably linked to the specific mechanism of each would explain the absence of correlation between the responses of the three test. The mechanism of phosphate test was the object of a more detailed study. We observed that addition of high concentrations of KH2PO4 to raw skim milk modified mineral equilibria and resulted in a preferential solubilisation of as1- then β-caseins. Casein micelles, then destructured, aggregated the ultracentrifugation-pellet water content increased and milk gelled. These modifications were quantitatively more important when the pH of the mixture was adjused to the pH of milk than when it derived towards acid pH
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Baratte-Euloge, Pascale. "Action comparée sur la flore intestinale de trois laits fermentés au Bifidobacterium : évaluation de propriétés probiotiques et du comportement de la souche BB 536 de Bifidobacterium longum chez l'homme." Nancy 1, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1992_0044_BARATTE_EULOGE.pdf.

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Huit souches de bifidobacterium isolées de laits fermentés commercialisés ont été identifiées phénotypiquement puis par homologie ADN/ADN. Des études cliniques réalisées sur 93 volontaires ont permis de montrer que l'ingestion de lait fermenté à b. Longum souche BB 536 (b'a) d'origine humaine induit une augmentation du nombre des bifidobacterium dans les selles parallèlement à une régression des clostridium, coliformes et bacteroides. Ces effets probiotiques qui persistent trois semaines après l'arrêt de l'ingestion ne sont pas observés lors de l'absorption de b. Animalis (origine animale) ni de b. Longum atcc 15707, révélant l'importance du choix de l'espèce et de la souche. L'obtention de mutants de b. Longum atcc 15707 et b'a résistant a 4 g/l de 5-fluorouracile nous permet de distinguer les bactéries ingérées des bactéries de la flore intestinale endogène. Nous avons ainsi pu établir que 80% des bifidobacterium surnuméraires dans les selles après absorption de b'a sont issus des bactéries ingérées qui auraient colonisé le colon humain.
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Tomas, Anne. "Caractéristiques physico-chimiques et sensorielles d'émulsions laitières selon la composition et les conditions d'émulsification." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOS046.

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Abou, Mansour Elias. "Nouveau procédé de stérilisation du lait." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0046.

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Ce travail a permis la mise au point d'un nouveau procédé de stérilisation du lait, l'objectif vise étant d'avoir un lait de longue conservation et de qualité meilleure que celle du lait UHT. Pour ce faire, il faut une température de traitement plus élevée et un temps de traitement plus bref. Ainsi, un traitement par injection de vapeur sous forme de fines bulles s'impose. L’injecteur étudié présente ces propriétés, le principe étant l'exploitation des instabilités d'interface liquide-vapeur en présence d'une force centrifuge. Sur l'aspect fondamental de l'injection de vapeur, un modèle simple est établi permettant d'estimer la trajectoire et le temps de condensation des bulles dans l'injecteur. Des essais de montée en température effectués sur l'eau sont présentés, montrant un régime stable d'écoulement à la température de traitement désirée. Les expériences sur le lait montrent que le lait obtenu est de qualité meilleure que le lait UHT. Enfin, une étude technico-économique pour une récupération de l'énergie est présentée
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Ahmad, Sarfraz. "Understanding of the molecular changes in casein micelles of buffalo milk as a function of physico-chemical conditions : a comparison with cow with." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSARB202.

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Buffalo milk is to second most produced milk in the world after cow milk with – 13% contribution in the world’s milk production. Buffalo milk is generally richer in fat, lactose, minerals and protein particularly in casein contents than cow milk. Casein micelles play a key role in milk for its biological and technological functionalities. Despite of lot of literature on casein micelles of cow mil kits micellar organization and dynamics are not well know whereas the knowledge on casein micelles of buffalo milk is even far less especially in its native state and under differt physico-chemical conditions. The objective of the thesis was to gain knowledge on casein micelle of buffalo milk and its molecular changes as a function of different physico-chemical conditions (ionic strengths, acidifications, alkalinisations and heat treatments). The comparison with casein micelles of cow mil kwas used as a reference throughout the study
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Nicodème, Muriel. "Identification d'une souche de Pseudomonas, bactérie psychrotrophe isolée de lait cru : Caractérisation de sa protéase extracellulaire et des sites d'hydrolyses sur les caséines bovines." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10056.

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Le stockage du lait au froid permet le développement spécifique des microorganismes psychrotrophes, principalement du genre Pseudomonas, qui sécrètent des protéases extracellulaires thermorésistantes, responsables d'une protéolyse des laits lors de leur conservation. La souche psychrotrophe protéolytique isolée de lait cru industriel, Pseudomonas sp. LBSA1 produit une seule protéase extracellulaire caséinolytique de masse moléculaire apparente de 49 kDa en présence de lait. Divers facteurs, température de croissance, agitation, présence de certains composés, influent sur sa production. L'étude taxonomique de la souche LBSA1, révèle qu'elle est phylogénétiquement proche de l'espèce de P. Poae, mais elle possède un sidérotype original et pourrait donc appartenir à une nouvelle espèce de Pseudomonas. La protéase de la souche LBSA1 a été purifiée et son gène séquencé ; elle est identifiée comme étant une métalloendopeptidase à zinc de la famille des serralysines (E. C. 3. 4. 24. 40). Elle est active sur une large gamme de pH et sa température optimale d'activité est voisine de 40°C. Une inactivation thermique de la protéase est observée pour des températures voisines de 45°C, mais elle est plus stable à 60-80°C. L'enzyme hydrolyse rapidement les caséines bovines sans présenter de réelle spécificité d'hydrolyse mais les protéines du lactosérum sont résistantes à son action
Milk storage at refrigeration temperature permits the growth of psychrotrophic microorganisms, mainly belonging to the genus Pseudomonas that can generally produce heat-resistant extracellular proteases, causing milk proteolysis during storage. The proteolytic psychrotrophic strain isolated from raw milk, Pseudomonas sp. LBSA1 produces a unique caseinolytic extracellular protease with an apparent molecular mass of 49 kDa with milk addition. Different factors, such as temperature, agitation, and addition of many components can affect its production. A polyphasic taxonomic study of the LBSA1 strain reveals that it is phylogenetically related to the species P. Poae, but, it has an original siderovar and then it could belong to a new Pseudomonas species. The protease of the strain LBSA1 was purified, the corresponding gene was sequenced; the enzyme is identified as a zinc metalloprotease of the serralysin family (E. C. 3. 4. 24. 40). It is active under broad pH values and that optimal temperature for activity is nearly 40°C. The protease presented a low temperature inactivation around 45°C but it showed a greater stability around 60-80°C. The bovine caseins are rapidly hydrolysed by the enzyme without a real specificity but whey proteins are resistant to the action of the protease
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Mansour, Marianne. "Mode d'action de la nisine, de la monolaurine et/ou du sorbate de potassium sur le cycle sporal de Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580t : optimisation de leurs combinaisons par une approche multifactorielle-effets sur Bacillus sp." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL043N.

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Le genre Bacillus est capable de résister à des conditions environnementales hostiles en raison de son aptitude à élaborer des spores, organites de résistance redoutables, notamment en industrie laitière. En France, l'espèce b. Licheniformis predomine dans le lait cru. L'utilisation de conservateurs dits naturels tels que la nisine, la monolaurine et/ou le sorbate de potassium offre une alternative intéressante afin de lutter contre les spores. A partir d'un inoculum de spores, en absence d'inhibiteurs, trois phénomènes, lies a leur comportement sont observes : (i) leur germination, (ii) la multiplication des nouvelles cellules végétatives et (iii) la sporulation des cellules végétatives en fin de phase exponentielle de croissance. Ces différentes étapes dépendent fortement du ph et de la température et sont d'autant plus ralenties voire inhibées que le ph et la température sont bas. En présence de nisine, la germination des spores n'est pas affectée, mais leur excroissance est inhibée. Sur des cellules végétatives, cette bactériocine exerce un effet bactéricide immédiat mais transitoire car les cellules reprennent leur croissance. La monolaurine est bactériostatique ou bactéricide selon sa concentration, le milieu de culture, l'espèce et le niveau de population initial. Elle agit en fin de phase de germination sur les nouvelles cellules végétatives et empêche leur croissance. Contrairement à la nisine, son action est permanente et durable car les cellules se développent lentement. Le sorbate de potassium perturbe la germination des spores et inhibe la croissance cellulaire. Généralement, les activités inhibitrices de la nisine, de la monolaurine ou du sorbate de potassium sont favorisées lorsque le ph et la température d'incubation sont bas. Des combinaisons de ces inhibiteurs à différentes valeurs de ph, réalisées suivant des plans d'expériences, ont été optimisées grâce à la méthodologie de surface de réponse (msr). Des concentrations sublétales de nisine-monolaurine ou de nisine-sorbate ont été mises en évidence. Ces concentrations sont efficaces et suffisantes pour maintenir un environnement hostile avec une plage d'efficacité assez large sur une gamme étendue de valeurs de ph. La combinaison de deux ou de plusieurs inhibiteurs à des concentrations sublétales offre des solutions prometteuses pour le remplacement des conservateurs chimiques réputés pour leur toxicité.
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Julien, Marie-Claude. "Origine et diversité des clostridies dans la chaîne de production du lait." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25392/25392.pdf.

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Rasolofo, Éric Andriamahery. "Analyse du microbiote du lait par les méthodes moléculaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26727/26727.pdf.

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Rusu, Daniel. "Mécanismes d'action d'un extrait protéique du lactosérum bovin sur les fonctions du neutrophile humain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26585/26585.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Lait – Microbiologie"

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Harrison, F. C. Bitter milk and cheese. Toronto: Dept. of Agriculture, 1997.

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Il'yashenko, Natal'ya, Lyubov' Shaburova, and Marina Gernet. Microbiology. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1027239.

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The book outlines a brief history of the development of Microbiology, General properties of microorganisms, their position in nature, modern conceptions of the morphology of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. Presents the basic principles of classification of microorganisms, basic physiology and genetics. Describes the methods and conditions of cultivation of microorganisms. Considered the most important biochemical processes caused chemoheterotrophic microorganisms and their practical significance in food production in the national economy. The considered methods of immobilization of cells of microorganisms and their practical significance. The role of microorganisms in food production from vegetable raw materials and to obtain practically important for the national economy of organic acids. The textbook is accompanied by illustrations. At the end of each Chapter test questions for self-examination. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. Designed for students majoring in "food from vegetable raw materials, production Technology and organization of public catering".
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Kislenko, Viktor. Microbiology. Practicum. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1016621.

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The tutorial consists of two sections. Section I "General Microbiology" contains information about the rules of work in bacteriological laboratories, includes a description of the main microbiological, genetic and immunological methods of research. Section II "Infectious agents" lists the main properties of pathogens, methods of their identification and differentiation. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of training 36.03.01 "Veterinary and sanitary examination".
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Ksenofontov, Boris. Biological wastewater treatment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1013710.

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The training manual sets out the theoretical and practical foundations of biological wastewater treatment in both natural and artificial conditions. For in-depth study of the fundamentals of biological wastewater treatment is quite detailed sections on the basics of Microbiology. Much attention is paid to choosing the best technologies of biological wastewater treatment with effective methods of nutrient removal. In the expanded version of the methods of biological purification of wastewater using membrane bioreactors. Are extensively explored domestic and foreign experience of biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. Intended for students of bachelor, master, PhD students, teachers and professionals interested in the methods of sewage purification, and it is recommended to study for the enlarged group of specialties and areas 20.00.00 "Technosphere safety and environmental engineering".
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Tundaleva, Irina. Sanitation and hygiene of hairdressing services. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/979063.

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The purpose of the tutorial is to highlight the specifics of sanitary and hygienic requirements for the work of hairdressers and their employees. The specific features of the applied technologies for disinfection of instruments are described. Issues related to the need to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards are highlighted. The section of Microbiology related to the field of hairdressing services is considered. The topics of preventing the spread of infectious diseases are covered in detail, and the types of skin diseases are described. A separate section is devoted to competent care of the scalp and hair, face skin, nails. Meets the requirements for the profession of a hairdresser in accordance with the Federal state educational standard of secondary professional education of the last generation in the specialty 43.02.13 "technology of hairdressing". For students who receive secondary special education in hairdressing specialties.
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Sandle, Tim. Microbiology and Sterility Assurance in Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices: The results of 45 years of scientific and technological development are laid down in these 33 chapters. These chapters, all written by international experts, give a vivid picture of todays pharmaceutical microbiology. The high standard of the chapters makes it an essential reference guide that should be on the shelf of everyone who is involved or interested in this field. Edited by Tim Sandle, Madhu Raju Saghee, and Edward Tidswell. New Dehli, New York, London: Business Horizons, 2011.

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College, Ontario Agricultural, ed. Gas-producing bacteria and their effect on milk and its products. Toronto: Ontario Agricultural College, 1997.

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Harrison, Mark. Principles of investigation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198765875.003.0011.

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This chapter describes the principles of microbiology investigation as they apply to Emergency Medicine, and in particular the Primary FRCEM examination. The chapter outlines the key details of specimen types, culture and examination, serology, and molecular techniques. This chapter is laid out exactly following the RCEM syllabus, to allow easy reference and consolidation of learning.
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Harrison, Mark. Chlamydia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198765875.003.0022.

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This chapter describes the microbiology of Chlamydia as it applies to Emergency Medicine, and in particular the Primary FRCEM examination. The chapter outlines the key details of chlamydial genital infection and chlamydial ophthalmia neonatorum with Chlamydia trachomatis. This chapter is laid out exactly following the RCEM syllabus, to allow easy reference and consolidation of learning.
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Harrison, Mark. Natural and innate immunity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198765875.003.0008.

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This chapter describes the microbiology of natural and innate immunity as it applies to Emergency Medicine, and in particular the Primary FRCEM examination. The chapter outlines the key details of barriers to infection, normal bacterial flora, and phagocytes and complement. This chapter is laid out exactly following the RCEM syllabus, to allow easy reference and consolidation of learning.
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Book chapters on the topic "Lait – Microbiologie"

1

Meyaard, L. "LAIR-1, a Widely Distributed Human ITIM-Bearing Receptor on Hematopoietic Cells." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 151–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58537-1_13.

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Gavazzi, Gaëtan, Thibaut Fraisse, and Benoit de Wazières. "Epidemiology of infection in elderly populations in various settings." In Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine, 613–20. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0080.

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Age is associated with an increased risk of infection because of individual susceptibility (immunosenescence, comorbidities, malnutrition, functional status), as well as collective risk factors. Outcomes are also of concern, because for all infections, older patients exhibit higher short and long-term mortality rates. Over the last decade, subgroups of older populations (either community-dwelling, hospitalized or nursing home residents) have been distinguished, because epidemiological data regarding infections differ between these groups in terms of incidence, type, severity, and microbiology. Although urinary tract and respiratory tract infections appear to be the most frequent infections in these specific populations, skin/soft tissue and gastrointestinal infections, as well as meningitis are frequent in community-acquired infection (CAI), whereas outbreaks (respiratory and gastrointestinal) are more specific to nursing home infections, and antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major issue for both hospitalized and nursing home elder populations.
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Gavazzi, Gaëtan, Thibaut Fraisse, and Benoit de Wazières. "Epidemiology of infection in elderly populations in various settings." In Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine, 613–20. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0080_update_001.

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Age is associated with an increased risk of infection because of individual susceptibility (immunosenescence, comorbidities, malnutrition, functional status), as well as collective risk factors. Outcomes are also of concern, because for all infections, older patients exhibit higher short and long-term mortality rates. Over the last decade, subgroups of older populations (either community-dwelling, hospitalized or nursing home residents) have been distinguished, because epidemiological data regarding infections differ between these groups in terms of incidence, type, severity, and microbiology. Although urinary tract and respiratory tract infections appear to be the most frequent infections in these specific populations, skin/soft tissue and gastrointestinal infections, as well as meningitis are frequent in community-acquired infection (CAI), whereas outbreaks (respiratory and gastrointestinal) are more specific to nursing home infections, and antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major issue for both hospitalized and nursing home elder populations.
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Rutherford, Stephen M. "A new kind of surgery for a new kind of war: gunshot wounds and their treatment in the British Civil Wars." In Battle-scarred, 57–77. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526124807.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the medical challenges posed by the increased number of gunshot wounds during the civil wars, and sets out the changes in the way these wounds were treated. The treatment of battlefield wounds expounded in surgeons’ manuals, is placed in context with what we now understand about the biology, pathology and effective treatment methods for wounds. The techniques used by the civil-war surgeon are compared with those of later periods. Despite a lack of understanding of microbiology, physiology and, in many cases, anatomy, many methods employed by civil-war military surgeons reflect good contemporary surgical practice. Despite the lack of antibiotics, anaesthetics, hygienic environments and high-quality surgical implements, survival rates from injuries on the field arrear to have been considerable, if treated. In developing treatments for the problems posed by gunshot wounds, some civil-war surgeons used an evidence-based approach, and laid the foundations for much modern surgical practice.
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"Infection and immunity." In Oxford Assess and Progress: Medical Sciences, edited by Jade Chow, John Patterson, Kathy Boursicot, and David Sales. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199605071.003.0027.

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A key outcome in medical education is the training of doctors to acquire the knowledge and understanding of the basic science that underpins clinical practice. The graduate will be able to apply to medical practice biomedical scientific principles, method and knowledge relating to: anatomy, biochemistry, cell biology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, molecular biology, nutrition, pathology, pharmacology and physiology .’ (Tomorrow’s Doctors 2009, GMC, UK). In this, the last of the themed chapters of questions that map to the Oxford Handbook of Medical Sciences, we will test knowledge of infectious diseases and the host immune responses that counteract them. Despite the shift of the world health problem to non-communicable diseases in recent times (Global status report on non-communicable diseases 2010, World Health Organization), infectious diseases remain a major health problem in many parts of the world. Even in developed countries, epidemics and outbreaks of infections are not infrequent events, pandemics sporadically crop up at the least expected times. In addition, microorganisms constantly evolve to escape the host immune response and to develop resistance to treatments that have been developed. Therefore, we have no choice but to keep up our knowledge and to develop new treatments.
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Benintendi, Renato. "Experimental Investigation of Biomass Attachment to Wastewater Reactors." In Wastewater Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94426.

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Attached mass bioreactors have extensively been adopted in the last decades when specific needs have suggested this choice. Benefits and advantages of this multi-faceted technology in wastewater treatment processing are well known, along with the kinetic and mass transfer aspects regarding their operation, essentially belonging to the mass transfer with chemical reaction theory applied to enzymatic catalysis, referred to as Languimur-Hinshelwood kinetics, notably Monod/Michaelis Menten equations. On the other hand, a consolidated literature has dealt with many aspects of the development of strain colonies forming a biofilm. However, a few works have been devoted to the systematic analysis of its physiology, within the framework of the wastewater management of complex substrates and high-loads effluents. This article presents the experimental findings of a research activity covering the junction area between microbiology and bioreactor engineering, against a multifaceted set of operating parameters directly affecting health and stability of the attached biomass. In this respect, important results have been obtained, providing guidance on the attached mass reactor start-up, steady- state operation, impact of xenobiotic substrates, role of nutrients, filaments and foam formation, as well as qualitative aspects of the post-treatment effluent.
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Barrett, Lucinda, and Bridget Atkins. "Case 43." In Oxford Case Histories in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, edited by Bridget Atkins, 293–300. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198846482.003.0043.

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The number of joint replacements performed in resource-rich countries has increased significantly in the last few decades and has allowed a significant improvement in the quality of life for many patients. Despite preventative measures, a small fraction (around 1% for hip replacements) will become infected. These can present as acute or chronic infections. They can also occur at any time after the primary procedure. Late acute infections are usually via the haematogenous route and often present to the acute medical take or via infection services. A prompt, appropriate medical and surgical management strategy is important.
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Groffman, Peter M., and Moshe Shachak. "Microbial Contributions to Biodiversity in Deserts." In Biodiversity in Drylands. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139853.003.0012.

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The number of species living in the soil may well represent the largest reservoir of biodiversity on earth (Giller 1996, Wardle and Giller 1996, Service 1997). Five thousand microbial species have been described and identified (Amann and Kuhl 1998), but the actual number of species may be greater than 1 million (American Society for Microbiology 1994), larger even than the number of insect species (Service 1997). Over the last 10 to 15 years, interest in soil biodiversity has soared, driven by advances in molecular techniques that allow for identification and analysis of soil microbes, many of which are difficult to extract and culture (Kennedy and Gewin 1997). However, the factors that control soil microbial biodiversity and the links between soil biodiversity and ecosystem function are still unclear (Beare et al. 1995, Schimel 1995, Freckman et al. 1997, Brussard et al. 1997, Wall and Moore 1999). Soil may represent an excellent venue for exploring links between biodiversity and ecosystem function. The vast numbers of species in soil and methodological problems have long necessitated a functional approach in soil studies. As a result, soil functions important to organic matter degradation, nutrient cycling, water quality, and air chemistry are well studied (Groffman and Bohlen 1999). As our knowledge of soil biodiversity increases, this information may provide a strong basis for evaluating links between biodiversity and these functions. Evaluating functional diversity of soil communities requires considering how microbes interact with plants and soil fauna to produce patterns of ecosystem processes (Wall and Moore 1999). These interactions vary within and between ecosystems (i.e., across landscapes). Throughout this book, we suggest that the science of biodiversity must consider links to ecosystem processes and interactions with landscape diversity (Shachak et al. this volume). The need for these links is particularly clear when considering soil biodiversity. There have been relatively few studies of microbial processes in desert soils, and very little analysis of desert soil biodiversity (Parker et al. 1984, Schlesinger et al. 1987, Peterjohn 1991, Fließbach et al. 1994, Zaady et al. 1996a,b, Steinberger et al. 1999).
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Marrone, Babetta L., and Robert C. Habbersett. "DNA Fragment Sizing by High-Sensitivity Flow Cytometry: Applications in Bacterial Identification." In Flow Cytometry for Biotechnology. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195183146.003.0011.

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High-sensitivity, single-molecule detection in flow is a paradigm that has been defined at Los Alamos over the last two decades. A recent focus has been on applications of single- molecule detection for DNA fragment sizing using a compact, low-power, highsensitivity flow cytometer (HSFCM). There are three key aspects of our approach that distinguish it from conventional flow cytometry and yield the high level of sensitivity that we achieve: a detector with high photon-detection efficiency, a small probe volume to reduce background noise, and slow flow to provide extended analyte dwell time in the probe volume. An additional factor for applications in DNA fragment sizing is a DNA stain with significant fluorescence enhancement when bound to double-stranded DNA, and low background fluorescence in the unbound state. DNA fragment sizing by HSFCM has important applications in bacterial species and strain identification, where it can replace the cumbersome and time-consuming pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) approach routinely used by public health labs for bacterial identification. The revolutionary capability to interrogate single DNA molecules, as well as potentially other submicron-sized biological particles, in a high-sensitivity flow cytometer will provide new scientific insights into cellular and molecular biology and introduce high-sensitivity flow cytometry to a wide variety of new applications in biotechnology. Flow cytometry has enabled major advances in the biomedical sciences by providing rapid, quantitative, and sensitive multiparameter measurements of individual cells and subcellular particles such as chromosomes. This analysis of individual entities produces information on population heterogeneity that is not revealed in ensemble measurements and that allows more precise quantitation of distinct attributes than is possi ble when measurements are done in bulk. However, one limitation of conventional flow cytometry is the inability to measure submicron-sized particles or weakly fluorescent particles labeled with fewer than several hundred fluorophores, primarily as a result of insufficient detection sensitivity. A wide variety of important biological particles, molecules, and molecular assemblies fall into these categories. There have been many reports of bacterial measurement and characterization by conventional flow cytometry, dating back to 1947. In 1979, Steen developed a microscope-based system specifically for applications in microbiology. Many bacteria are large enough to generate a light-scatter signal, which is useful for their detection.
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