Journal articles on the topic 'Lake Forest University'

In addition to urban forest area at the University of Indonesia, Depok Campus, West Java, there are lakes that functions as water reservoir area. University of Indonesia is eager to create green and beautiful campus environment with one of its efforts is to care for the lake ecosystem in the campus. This study was conducted to analyze the diversity of phytoplankton in the lake. Sampling was carried out by determining 3 location points with 3 times repetitions conducted on different days. The water samples taken were then identified at the Biology Laboratory FMIPA UNJ. The mean values of water quality parameters obtained were pH 10, TDS 90 ppm, temperature 30°C, and water clarity 46 cm. The results showed that 14 genera and 20 species have been found, they are Chlorophyta, Chroococcus, Coelosphaerium, Crucigeniella, Euglena, Gloeocapsa, Merismopedia, Pediastrum (3 species), Peridinium, Scenedesmus (4 species), Tablelaria, Tetrastrum, Volvox, and Westella (2 species). The Diversity Index Shannon-Wiener during the observation was 2.9, which means that the condition of water at the University of Indonesia Lake was very good and not polluted. The availability of phytoplankton in the area was generally sufficient which can be utilized by other organisms as food source.

Driven by issues of economics, productivity, biodiversity and climate change, mixedwood management is becoming increasingly attractive. For silviculture to embrace and capitalize on natural stand dynamics, complex processes and interactions must be understood. To facilitate focused, applied research, ten Alberta forest companies have joined forces to cooperatively advance the science and management of boreal aspen/white spruce mixedwood forests. Members of the Mixedwood Management Association have committed collective research funds to develop and test practices that will sustain fibre supply, biodiversity, social and ecological values in Alberta's mixedwood forests. Forest industry members include Ainsworth Engineered Canada LP., Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc., Canadian Forest Products Ltd., Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd., Footner Forest Products Ltd., Millar Western Forest Products Ltd., Tolko Industries Ltd., Slave Lake Pulp/Alberta Plywood Ltd., Vanderwell Contractors (1971) Ltd. and Weyerhaeuser Company Ltd. The Alberta government and the University of Alberta are supporting partners in the Association. The Association's goals are to increase knowledge of aspen/white spruce mixed forests in the areas of growth and yield, crop planning, monitoring, understory protection and decision support tools. This paper highlights some of the Association-sponsored research projects. Key words: Alberta, Mixedwood Management Association, research, growth and yield, crop plans

With the opening of its Murray Point Summer School of Art at Emma Lake in 1936, the University of Saskatchewan became the first Canadian university to establish an outdoor art school. Emma Lake is in northern Saskatchewan, and every attempt was made by the University to preserve the virgin forest in the area where the classes were held. Although primarily developed for the benefit of Saskatchewan residents, the workshops became nationally and internationally known, and acclaimed painters, sculptors and critics from across Canada, Europe and the United States made the trip north. For over twenty years students attending the school produced an annual scrapbook documenting their experience; the photographs and illustrations from those yearbooks provide both interesting social commentary and excellent documentation of a learning environment students considered ‘rich, deep and significant’.

A study was conducted to determine if consideration of ecological site classification in combination with stand age would describe total ecosystem carbon (C) better than consideration of just stand age alone. The research was conducted in the 9250 ha University of Northern British Columbia/The University of British Columbia Aleza Lake Research Forest in central British Columbia. Over three field seasons (2003–2005), 38, 72, and 27 plots were established in mesic, subhygric, and hygric stands, respectively, with stand ages ranging from 5 to 350+ years. Mineral soil C stocks were significantly influenced by moisture regime, where hygric > subhygric > mesic (93, 77, and 65 t C·ha–1, respectively). Mineral soil and forest floor C stocks were not related to stand age, indicating their resilience to partial-cut and clear-cut forest harvesting systems historically implemented throughout the study area. Subhygric stands had the highest total ecosystem C stocks in the Aleza Lake Research Forest, having approximately 18% more C than mesic and hygric stands, principally due to higher mineral soil C stocks (than mesic stands) and improved C sequestration in large trees (over hygric stands). Consideration of ecological site classification in addition to stand age information improved total ecosystem C stock estimates over the use of stand age alone.

Wasti lake in Manokwari is one of the mangrove forest areas located on the coast of Manokwari and has ecological, economic and socio-cultural potential. Development continues, land conversion for settlement and economic development will have a negative impact on the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem in Wasti Lake. Thus, this study aims to determine the vegetation structure of the mangrove forest at Telaga Wasti and its ecological potential to prepare teaching materials for ecology courses at the Biology Education Study Program, University of Papua. This research was conducted in May - July 2022. The method used is the line method (transect line) and the quadratic method. Data was collected on plots measuring 20m x 20m for tree vegetation, 10m x 10m for pole vegetation, 5m x 5m for saplings and 2m x 2m for seedlings. The results of data analysis showed that the mangrove vegetation structure consisted of 7 species from 4 families. The highest INP at tree level for both stations was Sonneratia alba, while the highest INP for pole level at station I was Rhizophora stylosa and station II was Sonneratia alba. The highest level of sapling at station I INP was Rhizophora stylosa and at station II the highest INP was R. apiculata. Then the highest INP station I seedling vegetation was R. stylosa and the highest INP Station II was R. apuculata.

This article is devoted to the typology of lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper. In developing the typology of lakes, the parameters were taken into account: landscape location, hydro-chemical and hydro-biological characteristics and the degree of their anthropogenic transformation. The data presented are based on the processing of stationary and route research materials from 1998 to 2018 on the lakes of river valleys: Dnieper, Samara, and Orel. Hydrological indicators are analyzed according to the literature, cartographic and archival data of the Dneprodiprovodkhoz Institute and the Biology Research Institute of Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University. Floristic studies were carried out using general botanical methods of collection and herbarization, and in the study of typical aquatic flora - special hydro-botanical methods. Geo-botanical studies were carried out according to geo-botanical and special hydro-botanical methods. The article presents the hydrological and hydro-botanical features of the lakes of the valley of a large river (Dnieper) and medium rivers (Samara, Orel). Lakes are located exclusively in valley-terrace landscapes in the northern part of the steppe zone of Ukraine. Despite this, based on cartographic materials, we proposed zoning of the territory of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper according to the criteria: their location in lake regions, in various landscapes and the degree of anthropogenic transformation. The following districts and subareas were identified: Dnieper Lake District (Dnieper floodplain lake subarea with slight flooding of the floodplain, Dnieper Lake subarea of floodplain terraces, Dievsky floodplain lake subarea); Samara Lake District (Lake Subarea of Samara Coniferous forest, Lake Subarea of Estuary part of Samara); Orel Lake District. Lakes are located in various physical and geographical conditions of the floodplain, arena and third saline terrace. The typology of the lakes of the North-Steppe Dnieper basin was developed on the basis of regionalization of the location of the lakes, distribution according to the ecological and topographic profile, hydrological, hydro-chemical regimes, degree and nature of overgrowing. 11 types of lakes are identified based on the above criteria. 6 types were identified for the valley of a large river: floodplain lakes (3 types) with a long-flow regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (2 types) and highly mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace. 5 types were identified for the valleys of middle rivers: floodplain lakes (3 types) with an episodic short-burial regime, lakes of the second (sandy) terrace (low-mineralized) and excessively mineralized lakes of the third (saline) terrace.

This volume is the proceedings for the 14th International Symposium on Aquatic Oligochaeta (ISAO), held in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Honshu, Japan, from 9 through 14 September 2018, organized by the Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki. The symposium was attended by 43 participants from 16 countries who presented 30 oral and 6 poster contributions. The scientific sessions were convened at the Iwaki Conference Hall in the 50th Anniversary Auditorium, Hirosaki University. In addition to the scientific sessions, there was a one-day excursion to visit a traditional playhouse Kouraku-Kan, lunch along the edge of Lake Towada – an oligotrophic caldera lake, and hiking along the lake’s outlet stream, Oirase-Keiryu, flowing through a cool temperate forest typical of northern Honshu. The symposium organizing committee consisted of Akifumi Ohtaka, Kimio Hirabayashi, Katsutoshi Ito, Mana Ito, Takaaki Torii, Naoya Kimura, Stuart R. Gelder, and Mark J. Wetzel, with invaluable support from students from Hirosaki University.

The article presents the activities of A.N. Molotilov, a student of the Imperial Tomsk University, a member of the Tomsk Society for the Study of Siberia and the Improvement of its Way of Life in the field of the study of archaeological sites in the Barabinsk forest-steppe in 1912. In the northern part of Baraba and on the coast and islands of Lake Chany, he investigated archaeological sites, including the now famous Voznesenskoye, Chinyaikha, Tyumen settlements, etc. A.N. Molotilov professionally describes the studied objects and is considered one of the first to think about the protection of archaeological heritage. The location of many of the sites discovered by A.N. Molotilov is still unknown. However, the results of his work remain relevant to this day. The article also suggests the possible location some of archeological sites discovered of A.N. Molotilov.

Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) ecosystems exhibit high species diversity and are major contributors to the extraordinary levels of regional biodiversity and endemism found in the North American Coastal Plain Province. These forests require frequent fire return intervals (every 2–3 years) to maintain this rich diversity. In 2009, a floristic inventory was conducted at the Lake Thoreau Environmental Center owned by the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. The Center is located on 106 ha with approximately half covered by a 100+ year old longleaf pine forest. When the 2009 survey was conducted, fire had been excluded for over 20 years resulting in a dense understory dominated by woody species throughout most of the forest. The 2009 survey recorded 282 vascular plant species. Prescribed fire was reintroduced in 2009 and reapplied again in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. A new survey was conducted in 2019 to assess the effects of prescribed fire on floristic diversity. The new survey found an additional 268 species bringing the total number of plants species to 550. This study highlights the changes in species diversity that occurs when fire is reintroduced into a previously fire-suppressed system and the need to monitor sensitive areas for changes in species composition.

In 2018, we conducted a study of the terrestrial insect fauna of the Botanical Garden. Research was conducted at six areas: three areas in the meadow-steppe biotope, one area near a pond, and two areas in the forest part of the botanical garden.As a result, 54 species of terrestrial insects were found to be inhabited, among which beetles from two families – Ground beetle and Darkling beetle (Coleoptera). The basis of the fauna of the botanical garden is widespread species (cosmopolitan, trans- and western Palearctic, trans- and western Eurasian, Scythian) – 88%; in most cases, these are evrybiont species that are well adapted to life in agrocenoses and in urbanized areas. The terrestrial insect fauna of the botanical garden is dominated by steppe and polyzonal species (57%), as well as a large share of field, steppe-field and meadow-field species (29%).Comparing the species composition of insects in different areas, it can be noted that in the meadow areas of the botanical garden (Areas 2, 3, 6) there are no virgin species such as Amara pastica, Pterostichus macer, Taphoxenus gigas, and in the areas near the lake (Area 1) and in the forest part of the botanical garden (Areas 4-5) there are no field species Pterostichus punctulatus, Harpalus zabroides, Harpalus distringuendus, Silpha obscura; thus, the fauna of the meadow areas of the Botanical Chad is closer to the virgin steppe than the fauna of Areas 1, 4, 5.56% of terrestrial insect species in the botanical garden are species with one or another degree of phytophagy, zoophagy is characteristic of 40% of species; pure phytophages make up 32% of species, pure zoophages 24%. Predominance of phytophages is a characteristic of agrocenoses and disturbed ecosystems.One trend is observed – a decrease in the biodiversity of entomofauna in August; this is explained by the drying of biotopes at the end of summer, especially in 2018. If we compare the indices by biotopes, then in June biodiversity is much higher in the meadow areas of the botanical garden, and in August these indicators are slightly higher in the areas near the pond and in the forest part of the botanical garden, which can also be explained by environmental factors and their influence on terrestrial insect organisms.

Since the campus of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, has different landscapes, it turns up to be a useful ecological model to evaluate the influence of habitat heterogeneity on bird communities. Our research goals were to know the local avifauna and compare its composition and bird diversity within the different landscapes. Species were identified in point counts without distance estimation, in four habitats: secondary woodlot, lake and surroundings, scrub/abandoned grazing areas and urban areas. One hundred and twenty-one species were identified, but no difference in diversity among the habitats was found. However, analyses indicated the existence of greater similarities among the sampling points belonging to the same kind of habitat. Results suggests that small and isolated forest fragments in urban areas fail to sustain a greater diversity than the adjacent areas, even though the environment's heterogeneous aspect favours local bird richness.

This book delivers the first scholarly examination of the Teaching American History Project, which awards grants to colleges, universities, local educational agencies, schools, libraries, museums, and nonprofit historical and humanities institutions, to improve instruction in American history. The editors are Rachel Ragland, assistant professor of education at Lake Forest College near Chicago, and Kelly Woestman, a former teacher who now is professor of history and history education director at Pittsburg State University in Kansas. The editors have organized the book well. Its contents include a foreword by leading education researcher Sam Wineburg, a preface by the editors, and four sections: Emerging Practices for Historians: Introduction, Emerging Practices for Classroom Teachers: Introduction, Emerging Practices for Professional Development: Introduction, and Emerging Practices in the Larger Perspective: Introduction. The editors frame each section with an introduction that articulates the themes and overviews the chapters in each section.

Abstract Larger patches generally are inhabited by higher species richness, including birds, as predicted by the island biogeography theory. The objective of this research was to reveal the response of bird species richness in different patch sizes in peri-urban habitat. The study site area was five patches (2 large patches near human activities, remote large patch with a small lake, small patch, corridor patch) of disturbed secondary shrub-forest in Riau University, Sumatra. Birds were observed using the standard point-counts in early morning and late afternoon (8 points/patch, 3 replicates, total 40 observation-hour) in March-April 2021. Species richness (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity indices (H’), Chao species prediction, and Bray-Curtis similarity indices (B) were calculated. Total of 979 individual birds were observed, consisted of 68 species from 28 families with B ranged from 0.573 to 0.846. Large patch with lake in remote area had the highest species richness (S:39 species, Chao:54) and H’ (3.097). However, two large patches closed to human activities had the lowest number of species (S:27, Chao:30, H’:2.908, and S:23, Chao:32, H’:2.938, respectively), even lower than small patch (S:30, Chao:40, H’:2.925) or corridor patch (S:34; Chao:51, H’:2.724). Clearly human disturbance and micro-habitat diversity affect species richness in a local scale.

ABSTRACT Merauke Regency is an Autonomous Regency located at the eastern end of Indonesia which is directly adjacent to Papua New Guinea (PNG). This region has the peculiarities of both its ecology and its people. Muting District is one of the areas in Marauke which has the potential for freshwater fish because it is located in the Bian Lake wildlife reserve. Together with partners the Peat and Mangrove Restoration Agency of the Republic of Indonesia (BRGM) as a consortium partner of the Indonesian Forest Management Community (KOMHINDO) in 2022 to obtain funding for a vocational campus which involves three universities, namely the University of Papua, Musamus University and Halu Oleo University. One of the objectives of this activity is the Teaching Factory for the development of sustainable alternative livelihoods based on fisheries and forestry resources for poverty alleviation. This activity was centred in Boha and Pachas Villages, Muting District, Merauke Regency, South Papua. The results of the Training and Productive Economic Development Program for Local Communities Based on Fisheries and Forestry Resources are in the form of fish product diversification in the form of making fish sauce, meatballs and empek-empek. The participation of the UMK groups from Pachas and Boha villages was very enthusiastic and took part in the training which is expected to be used as a source of community economic income in the future. Key words: Kedaireka; Matching fund; Merauke; UNIPA

For the past decade, low altitude aerial surveys have been used for counting large mammals, especially wildlife, over extensive areas of land in East Africa. The facilities and methods suitable in East African conditions are not directly applicable to West Africa because of the dense savanna wood land vegetation, which limits the visibility of the animals, and the Harmattan dust, which makes accurate navigation difficult. The Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan, has been engaged in a pioneering project of censusing large mammals from the air in Lake Kainji National Park. A high wing, single engine, four seater aircraft was used to overfly the 4,000 sq. km. reserve. The aircraft cruised at 159 kph at a height of 120 meters. Large mammals were counted and the vegetation types and range conditions were also recorded. This rapid and relatively low cost technique could suitably be applied to the study of free ranging cattle in the savanna areas of Nigeria. Such a survey would yield information on the total number of animals, their distribution patterns and their habitat utilization.

The urbanization of Recife characterized an occupation of the Capibaribe River banks and its tributaries. This caused the grounding, rectification and degradation of several streams. Thus, this paper presents a diagnosis of the Cavouco stream water quality and suggests measures for its restoration. The collections were performed between 2016 and 2017 in three sampling points. Analysis adopted the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater and calculated the Water Quality Index (WQI). A correlation test between the parameters was applied to understand the phenomenon. Actions to revitalize it followed the European Union Water Framework Directive. The WQI of the Cavouco stream had a good presentation in the small lake zone; it was poor in the Federal University (UFPE) region and awful in the Caxangá Avenue section. Dissolved Oxygen (OD) concentration was negatively correlated with Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), decreasing from upstream to downstream. Water quality degradation is associated with untreated sewage discharge along the stream. The proposal to its recovery is to collect and treat domestic sewage, remove irregular housing, restore the riparian forest, control erosion, create linear parks and search for governance mechanisms with public participation. The proposed interventions are fundamental for the restoration of Cavouco's ecological potential, with improved water quality and reduced anthropogenic pressures.

This research was conducted to determine the potential of ecotourism in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province so that it can be packaged into an ecotourism package that covers the whole area of Berau Regencey starting from the urban zone, the inland zone and the water zone. This Research was conducted in Berau Regency because Berau Regency has 159 tourist attractions and also its location is close to the location of the new capital. The ecotourism package packaging made in this study is based on the lack of variety of products and tour packages circulating in Berau Regency so that this research is expected to add variety as well as introduce new potentials that can be found in Berau Regency. Data collection techniques used in this study are in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. After conducting research in Berau Regency, there are 17 ecoutourism potentials which can be packaged into 4 kinds of ecoutourism packgaes, with details of theree full-day ecotourism packages and one 2-day 1 night ecoutourism packages and the ecotourism package itinerary in this study is made in the form of descriptions, tables, and graphs as well as the type of ecotourism package in this study is ready made tour. The titles of the ecotourism packages in this study are (1) Berau Culture and City Tour, (2) Berau Mangrove and Sangalaki Island Tour, (3) Orangutan University and Merabu Forest Tour, (2) Mirror Lake and Whale Shark Tour.

A review of the scientific literature relevant to the Claybelt region was undertaken under the initiative of Lake Abitibi Model Forest (LAMF) and in collaboration with the Canadian Forest Service, the Ontario and Quebec Ministries of Natural Resources and the NSERC-UQAT-UQAM (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council – Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue – Université du Québec à Montréal) Industrial Chair in Sustainable forest Management. The objective was to synthesize this information in order to develop better forestry practices and identify knowledge and research gaps. Forestry-related knowledge was gathered on six broad topics: i) natural disturbances, ii) forest ecosystems, iii) past and present forest practices, iv) biological diversity, v) forest management and vi) examples of current applications of natural disturbance-based forest management. The work allowed us to synthesize a large body of knowledge into one publication that will be a useful reference for foresters in both provinces. Key words: biodiversity, Claybelt, even-aged/uneven-aged forests, fire, silvicultural practices

This doctoral research highlights the complicated trajectories of hunter-gatherers by offering a case study from an understudied but rich hunter-gatherer landscape, the Late Archaic period (c. 5,000-2,000 BP) on Grand Island in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, United States. Although there is a paucity of Late Archaic period archaeological data from the mainland of the Upper Peninsula, recent excavations by the Grand Island Archaeological Program (GIAP), directed by James M. Skibo (Illinois State University) and co-directed by Eric C. Drake (Hiawatha National Forest), have yielded a sizable body of evidence of Late Archaic occupations on Grand Island. I have been a staff member and collaborator with GIAP since 2007, conducting research, laboratory work, and co-directing excavations. My analysis of 39,186 lithics from five sites on the island more than doubles the current number of c. 32,000 lithics analyzed in the entire southern shore of Lake Superior in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula from dated Late Archaic sites. Similarly, the 495 faunal remains identified and analyzed by Terrance Martin and Elizabeth Scott for this dissertation also more than doubles the total 296 pieces of animal bones analyzed from dated Late Archaic sites of the Upper Peninsula. In addition, in contrast to those sites, where no complete and finished projectile points have been recovered in context, GIAP have identified a total of five projectile points. These points may contribute to data on diagnostic artifact types in the Upper Peninsula, which is currently almost non-existent, and to our general understanding of exchange practices and social interactions.

The Lake Duparquet Research and Teaching Forest is situated in northwestern Quebec in the Boreal Shield Ecozone. Managed by two constituents of the Université du Québec, in collaboration with two forest companies, Norbord and Tembec, the Lake Duparquet Forest has a strong research program focussed on natural forest ecosystem dynamics that provides the scientific basis for management and silvicultural trials recently begun in the Forest. A bibliographical review of research activities is presented. Keywords: boreal, mixedwood, natural dynamics, fire, disturbance, ecosystem management, silviculture

Oriental white oak, Quercus aliena Blume, is native to East Asia including Korea. It is one of the major deciduous tree species in natural forests in Korea. In May 2012, several hundred trees were found to be heavily damaged by a previously unknown leaf disease in a forest near Songjiho Lake in Goseong County of central Korea. Leaf symptoms began as small, water-soaked, pale greenish to grayish lesions, which enlarged to follow the veins or midribs and to be bounded by them, often killing part of the leaf. Leaf distortion and blight resulted in the later stage of disease development. A number of grayish brown to nearly black acervuli were formed on the lesions, especially on the midribs and veins. Acervuli were mostly hypophyllous, intraepidermal, erumpent, circular to ellipsoid in outline, cushion-like, and 70 to 220 μm in diameter. Conidia (n = 30) were elliptical to fusiform-elliptical, occasionally obclavate, aguttulate or guttulate, hyaline, aseptate, and 7.5 to 20 × 5 to 7.5 μm (mean 14.6 × 6.1 μm). These morphological characteristics of the fungus were consistent with the description of conidial state of Apiognomonia errabunda (Roberge ex Desm.) Höhn. (3,4). Voucher specimens were deposited in the Korea University Herbarium (KUS). An isolate obtained from KUS-F26690 was deposited in the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (Accession No. KACC46842). Fungal DNA was extracted with DNeasy Plant Mini DNA Extraction Kits (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA). The complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified with the primers ITS1/ITS4 and sequenced. The resulting 549-bp sequence was deposited in GenBank (KC426947). This showed >99% similarity with sequences of A. errabunda (AJ888475 to 888477). For pathogenicity test, inoculum was prepared by harvesting conidia from 4-week-old cultures on potato dextrose agar. A conidial suspension (1 × 106 conidia/ml) was sprayed onto young leaves of three potted seedlings. Three seedlings treated with sterile distilled water served as controls. Plants were covered with plastic bags to maintain 100% relative humidity for 24 h and then kept in a greenhouse (20 to 26°C and 60 to 80% RH). After 26 days, typical leaf spot symptoms, identical to the ones observed in the field, developed on the inoculated leaves. No symptoms were observed on controls. A. errabunda was reisolated from the lesions of inoculated plants, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Oak anthracnose associated with A. errabunda (including A. quercina) has been recorded in Europe and North America (1,4). Oak anthracnose of evergreen Quercus glauca Thunb. (syn. Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Oerst.) associated with A. supraseptata in Japan is not related to this disease (2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of oak anthracnose of Q. aliena globally and also the first finding of A. errabunda in Asia as well as in Korea. This pathogen is known as one of the major forest pathogens in oak stand in Europe and North America (3). Pending further studies, including a risk assessment, A. errabunda may be considered as a potentially new and serious threat in native and planted ranges of Q. aliena in Korea. References: (1) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab., Online publication, ARS, USDA, retrieved February 18, 2013. (2) S. Kaneko and T. Kobayashi. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 25:11, 1984. (3) A. Ragazzi et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 46:295, 2007. (4) M. V. Sogonov et al. Mycol. Res. 111:693, 2007.

The Jarbidge Mountains are a remote and little-visited desert mountain range at the northern edge of the Great Basin in Elko County, NV, 110 km north of Elko and 115 km southwest of Twin Falls, ID. The forest is dominated by subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) at lower elevations and whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) at higher elevations; limber pine (P. flexilis) occurs along streams in canyons at lower elevations (2). P. albicaulis and P. flexilis are hosts for the blister rust fungus, Cronartium ribicola. In the late 1990s, a survey across the Intermountain West reported no evidence of C. ribicola in the Jarbidge Mountains or elsewhere in the central Great Basin (3). However, unpublished observations by D. A. Charlet in 1988 and 2001 indicate that blister rust has been present in the Jarbidge Mountains for at least 16 years. In September 2002, D. R. Vogler visited the Jarbidge Mountains over a 2-week period, examining whitebark pines along the unpaved route through the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest connecting Highway 225 and Jarbidge, NV. Blister rust-infected whitebark were found in two locations: (i) Coon Creek Summit (2,575 m elevation), atop the divide between the Great Basin to the south and the Columbia Plateau to the north, and (ii) Bear Creek drainage (2,315 to 2,405 m elevation), 6.7 km northeast of Coon Creek Summit. At Coon Creek Summit, three whitebark pines ranging in diameter from 10 to 30 cm at breast height (dbh) were infected (evidenced by spindle-shaped branch swellings, aecia, and aeciospores), with the oldest infection occurring on wood produced in 1975. Assuming a mean needle retention of 10 years, the first pine infection likely occurred between 1975 and 1984. Ribes montigenum and an unknown Ribes sp. were common at Coon Creek Summit but were not infected. In the Bear Creek drainage north of the divide, 27 whitebark pines ranging in size from under 0.3 m high to 12 cm dbh were found infected, with the oldest infection on 1976 wood indicating an origin between 1976 and 1985. Most pines there, however, appeared to have been infected between 1994 and 1998. At Bear Creek, infection on Ribes spp. was common, with R. cereum the most frequently infected species. Voucher specimens of R. cereum (KPK-948 and KPK-949) are archived in the fungal herbarium at the Institute of Forest Genetics, Placerville, CA. On pine, fresh spermatia and aeciospores were abundant even though it was late in the season. Late sporulation has also been observed above 2,500 m on western white (P. monticola) and whitebark pine northeast of Lake Tahoe in Nevada (4). To our knowledge, our report marks the first recorded intrusion by C. ribicola into the north-central Great Basin. Recently, the first report of C. ribicola on Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (P. aristata) was documented in southern Colorado (1). Now, Great Basin bristlecone (P. longaeva), which is restricted in Nevada to higher elevations in the eastern and southern parts of the state (2), may also be at risk; the northernmost occurrence of this last whitepine holdout from blister rust is in the Ruby Mountains, 135 km south of our findings in the Jarbidge Mountains. References: (1) J. T. Blodgett and K. F. Sullivan. Plant Dis. 88:311, 2004. (2) D. A. Charlet. Atlas of Nevada Conifers. University of Nevada Press, Reno, 1996. (3) J. P. Smith and J. T. Hoffman. Western North American Naturalist 60:165, 2000. (4) J. P. Smith et al. Plant Dis. 84:594. 2000.

The article gives a historical overview of bathymetric measurements of glacial lakes in the Bohemian Forest in the course of the 19th and 20th centuries. A special attention is paid to Václav Švambera's works from the beginning of the 20th century. These works are confronted with results of the latest measurements made by workers of the Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology of the Faculty of Science, Charles University, with the help of advanced equipments.

-Timothy P. Barnard, Cynthia Chou, Indonesian sea nomads; Money, magic, and fear of the Orang Suku Laut. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003, xii + 159 pp. -R.H. Barnes, Toos van Dijk, Gouden eiland in de Bandazee; Socio-kosmische ideeën op Marsela, Maluku Tenggara, Indonesië. Leiden: Onderzoekschool voor Aziatische, Afrikaanse en Amerindische studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden, 2000, 458 pp. [CNWS Publications 94.] -Andrew Beatty, Peter G. Riddell, Islam and the Malay-Indonesian world; Transmission and responses. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2001, xvii + 349 pp. -Peter Boomgaard, Richard H. Grove ,El Niño - history and crisis; Studies from the Asia-Pacific region. Cambridge: White Horse Press, 2000, 230 pp., John Chappell (eds) -Bernardita Reyes Churchill, Florentino Rodao, Franco y el imperio japonés; Imágenes y propaganda en tiempos de guerra. Barcelona: Plaza and Janés, 2002, 669 pp. -Matthew Cohen, Stuart Robson, The Kraton; Selected essays on Javanese courts. Translated by Rosemary Robson-McKillop. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2003, xxvi + 397 pp. [Translation series 28.] -Serge Dunis, Ben Finney, Sailing in the wake of the ancestors; Reviving Polynesian voyaging. Honolulu: Bishop Museum Press, 2003, 176 pp. [Legacy of excellence.] -Heleen Gall, Jan A. Somers, De VOC als volkenrechtelijke actor. Deventer: Gouda Quint, Rotterdam: Sanders Instituut, 2001, x + 350 pp. -David Henley, Harold Brookfield, Exploring agrodiversity. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001, xix + 348 pp. -David Hicks, Ernst van Veen ,A guide to the sources of the history of Dutch-Portuguese relations in Asia (1594-1797). With a foreword by Leonard Blussé. Leiden: Institute for the history of European expansion, 2001, iv + 378 pp. [Intercontinenta 24.], Daniël Klijn (eds) -Nico Kaptein, Donald J. Porter, Managing politics and Islam in Indonesia. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002, xxi + 264 pp. -Victor T. King, Monica Janowski, The forest, source of life; The Kelabit of Sarawak. London: British Museum Press, 2003, vi + 154 pp. [Occasional paper 143.] -Dick van der Meij, Andrée Jaunay, Exploration dans la presqu île malaise par Jacques de Morgan 1884. Paris: CNRS Éditions, 2003, xiv + 268 pp. Avec les contributions de Christine Lorre, Antonio Guerreiro et Antoine Verney. -Toon van Meijl, Richard Eves, The magical body; Power, fame and meaning in a Melanesian society. Amsterdam: Harwood academic, 1998, xxii + 302 pp. [Studies in Anthropology and History 23.] -Otto van den Muijzenberg, Florentino Rodao ,The Philippine revolution of 1896; Ordinary lives in extraordinary times. Quezon city: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2001, xx + 303 pp., Felice Noelle Rodriguez (eds) -Frank Okker, Kees Snoek, Manhafte heren en rijke erfdochters; Het voorgeslacht van E. du Perron op Java. Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij, 2003, 103 pp. [Boekerij 'Oost en West'.] (met medewerking van Tim Timmers) -Oona Thommes Paredes, Greg Bankoff, Cultures of disaster; Society and natural hazard in the Philippines, 2003, xviii + 232 pp. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003, xviii + 232 pp. -Angela Pashia, Lake' Baling, The old Kayan religion and the Bungan religious reform. Translated and annotated by Jérôme Rousseau. Kota Samarahan: Unit Penerbitan Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 2002, xviii + 124 pp. [Dayak studies monographs, Oral literature series 4.] -Anton Ploeg, Susan Meiselas, Encounters with the Dani; Stories from the Baliem Valley. New York: International center of photography, Göttingen: Steidl, 2003, 196 pp. -Nathan Porath, Robert W. Hefner, The politics of multiculturalism; Pluralism and citizenship in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2001, ix + 319 pp. -Jan van der Putten, Timothy P. Barnard, Multiple centres of authority; Society and environment in Siak and eastern Sumatra, 1674-1827. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2003, xvi + 206 pp. [Verhandelingen 210.] -Jan Piet Puype, David van Duuren, Krisses; A critical bibliography. Wijk en Aalburg: Pictures Publishers, 2002, 192 pp. -Thomas H. Slone, Gertrudis A.M. Offenberg ,Amoko - in the beginning; Myths and legends of the Asmat and Mimika Papuans. Adelaide: Crawford House, 2002, xxviii + 276 pp., Jan Pouwer (eds) -Fridus Steijlen, Kwa Chong Guan ,Oral history in Southeast Asia; Theory and method. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian studies, 2000, xii + 172 pp., James H. Morrison, Patricia Lim Pui Huen (eds) -Fridus Steijlen, P. Lim Pui Huen ,War and memory in Malaysia and Singapore. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian studies, 2000, vii + 193 pp., Diana Wong (eds) -Jaap Timmer, Andrew Lattas, Cultures of secrecy; Reinventing race in Bush Kaliai cargo cults. Madison/London: University of Wisconsin Press, 1998, xliv + 360 pp. -Edwin Wieringa, Kartika Setyawati ,Katalog naskah Merapi-Merbabu; Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Penerbitan Universitas Sanata Dharma, Leiden: Opleiding Talen en Culturen van Zuidoost-Azië en Oceanië, 2002, ix + 278 pp. [Semaian 23.], I. Kuntara Wiryamartana, Willem van der Molen (eds) -Julian Millie, Jakob Sumardjo, Simbol-simbol artefak budaya Sunda; Tafsir-tafsir pantun Sunda. Bandung: Kelir, 2003, xxvi + 364 pp. -Julian Millie, T. Christomy, Wawacan Sama'un; Edisi teks dan analisis struktur Jakarta: Djambatan (in cooperation with the Ford Foundation), 2003, viii + 404 pp. -Julian Millie, Dadan Wildan, Sunan Gunung Jati (antara fiksi dan fakta); Pembumian Islam dengan pendekatan struktural dan kultural. Bandung: Humaniora Utama Press, 2002, xx + 372 pp.

Open space in urban areas has an important meaning for the community. Because most people will spend time resting and recreation in that place to relieve stress in activities. One of the open spaces is tropical urban forest on USM lake. Trees are one of the important features in open space, because trees affect the comfort of the place, so that in planning the type of tree must be chosen according to the surrounding environment. Logging of thermal conditions with temperature and relative humidity parameters was carried out to determine the thermal conditions of the lake USM environment and calculate the THI values of three different tree species to find out which tree could best influence the thermal environment conditions. The study was conducted in January 2023, at USM Lake on sunny days. From the results of research, the average condition of the USM lake thermal environment is 31°C for temperature and 62.5% for Relative humidity, this result is almost the same as the thermal environmental conditions in previous studies. For THI calculations, the tree that has the best THI is Samane Saman, with 26.8°C then followed by Andira Inermis tree with 26.9°C and finally Petrocarpus Indicus with 27.2°C. knowledge of the thermal environmental conditions and species of trees is a very important part in building and developing open spaces in order to provide thermal comfort for people who come to rest and recreation.

Recently an unauthorized introduction of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to Yellowstone Lake was documented. Recent investigation at the University of Wyoming indicated that in-lake predation by lake trout on juvenile and sub-adult native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri) could negatively influence recruitment of cutthroat trout (Stapp and Hayward 2002). This may lead to significant reductions in numbers of spawning adult cutthroat if current management actions are ineffective or if they are not continuously pursued (Stapp and Hayward 2002). While lake trout invasion in Yellowstone Lake will likely have detrimental effects on in-lake communities and processes, a reduction in the native cutthroat trout population could potentially impact other aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems outside of Yellowstone Lake. Cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake annually migrate into tributary streams and rivers to spawn (Varley and Gresswell 1988), with runs up to 60,000 trout per season into small streams such as Clear Creek (Gresswell and Varley 1988). This spawning migration may significantly affect in­stream communities (cf. Power 1990) and alter nutrient cycling within tributary streams (Peterson et al. 1993) and in the adjacent riparian forests (Ben­David et al. 1998; Hilderbrand et al. 1999). Therefore, spawning cutthroat trout not only have trophic effects on their ecosystem but also act as "ecosystem engineers" (i.e., species that influence structure and function of ecosystems through non­trophic processes) because of their role in transporting large amounts of nutrients between ecosystems (Jones et al. 1994). Reductions in spawning adult cutthroat trout will likely alter in­stream processes. In addition, for piscivorous (fish­ eating) predators, a significant decline in the number of adult spawning cutthroat trout may reduce recruitment and survival, and it could threaten viability of predator populations. In this project we are investigating the importance of cutthroat trout to a representative fish­predator - the river otter (Lontra canadensis), and possible effects on terrestrial plants through nutrient transport by otters to latrine sites (Ben-David et al. 1998; Hilderbrand et al. 1999). We hypothesized that the spawning migration of cutthroat trout will result in transport of nutrients from lake to streams, and from streams to terrestrial forests, through the activity of river otters. Documentation of such transport will enable us to predict how trout predators and the terrestrial landscape will be affected following cutthroat trout declines. Specifically, we predicted that: 1. Spawning cutthroat trout will be seasonally a major food resource to river otters. 2. Spawning migrations of cutthroat trout and the resulting predation by river otters will create a flux of nitrogen (N) to riparian forests. 3. Tree-ring widths and stable nitrogen isotope values of tree-rings from river otter latrine sites will reflect temporal changes in cutthroat trout and otter abundance. 4. Future reductions in spawning cutthroat trout will lead to declines in number of otters.

Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is a treasured national resource and an important element of tourism and the recreational economy in Wyoming. Because of its unique geological features and abundant wildlife and fisheries, YNP is a tourist destination for millions of people annually. Although this national symbol is cherished for its pristine condition and has been protected from most human influence for over 100 years, human mediated invasions of non­ indigenous species, such as several species of plants and animals, including an exotic snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum), may alter this ecosystem. Recently an unauthorized introduction of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to Yellowstone Lake was documented. Recent investigation at the University of Wyoming, indicated that in-lake predation by lake trout on juvenile and sub-adult native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhyncus clarki bouvieri) could negatively influence recruitment of cutthroat trout (Stapp and Hayward 2002). This may lead to significant reductions in numbers of spawning adult cutthroat if current management actions are ineffective, or if they are not continuously pursued (Stapp and Hayward 2002). While lake trout invasion in Yellowstone Lake will likely have detrimental effects on in-lake communities and processes, reductions in populations of native cutthroat trout can potentially impact other aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems outside of Yellowstone Lake. Cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake annually migrate into tributary streams and rivers to spawn (Varley and Gresswell 1988), with runs up to 60,000 trout per season into small streams such as Clear Creek (Gresswell and Varley 1988). This spawning migration may significantly affect in­ stream communities (cf. Power 1990) and alter nutrient cycling within tributary streams (Peterson et al. 1993) and in the adjacent riparian forests (Ben­David et al. 1998; Hilderbrand et al. 1999). Therefore, spawning cutthroat trout not only have trophic effects on their ecosystem but also act as "ecosystem engineers" (i.e., species that influence structure and function of ecosystems through non­ trophic processes) because of their role in transporting large amounts of nutrients between ecosystems (Jones et al. 1994). Reductions in spawning adult cutthroat trout will likely alter in­stream processes. In addition, for piscivorous (fish­eating) predators, a significant decline in the number of adult spawning cutthroat trout may reduce recruitment and survival, and it could threaten viability of predator populations. In this project we are investigating the role of cutthroat trout in structuring stream ecosystems, their importance to a representative fish-predator - the river otter (Lontra canadensis), and possible effectson terrestrial plants through nutrient transport by otters to latrine sites (Ben-David et al. 1998 Hilderbrand et al. 1999). We hypothesize that the spawning migration of cutthroat trout will result in transport of nutrients from lake to streams, and from streams to terrestrial forests, through the activity of piscivorous predators. Because nitrogen (N) limits production in area streams (J. L. Tank and R 0. Hall unpublished data) and terrestrial ecosystems (Nadelhoffer et al. 1995) we focus our investigation of nutrient cycling on this element. These observations will enable us to predict how streams, trout predators, and the terrestrial landscape will be affected following cutthroat trout decline.

Abstract This paper summarizes discussions on the status of white spruce plantations of knowledgeable forest managers and researchers representing federal, state, county, university, and private organizations. These discussions cover such topics as the establishment, intermediate silviculture, final harvest, and growth and yield of white spruce plantations. Also included is an extensive list of major problem areas relevant to the management of white spruce plantations. North. J. Appl. For. 4:146-149, Sept. 1987.

Abstract Four-month-old lodgepole pine seedlings were inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Bacillus polymyxa strain L6-16R) and outplanted at one interior site (Gavin Lake) and two coastal sites (University of British Columbia South Campus and Totem Field) in British Columbia. The percentage of seedlings that incurred overwinter injury and that survived 13 months after outplanting were not influenced by bacterial inoculation. At Totem Field, where growth of control seedlings was greatest, inoculation had an inhibitory effect on seedling performance. At South Campus, where growth of control seedlings was intermediate compared with seedlings at Totem Field and Gavin Lake, inoculation had a slight stimulatory effect on seedling performance, but bacterial effects were not significant. However, at Gavin Lake, where seedlings attained only 14% of the biomass of those grown at Totem Field, inoculated seedlings had significantly increased stem diameter (7%), root dry weight (32%), and shoot dry weight (33%). While the effects of site history and site quality were confounded in this study, these results suggest that inoculation of lodgepole pine with strain L6-16R may be useful for seedlings targeted for outplanting on relatively harsh or poorer quality sites, but less so for seedlings to be planted at higher quality sites. For. Sci. 40(2): 238-246.

Poplar tree improvement strategies are needed to enhance ecosystem services’ provisioning and achieve phytoremediation objectives. We evaluated the establishment potential of new poplar clones developed at the University of Minnesota Duluth, Natural Resources Research Institute (NRRI) from sixteen phytoremediation buffer systems (phyto buffers) (buffer groups: 2017 × 6; 2018 × 5; 2019 × 5) throughout the Lake Superior and Lake Michigan watersheds. We divided clones into Experimental (testing stage genotypes) and Common (commercial and/or research genotypes) clone groups and compared them with each other and each NRRI clone (NRRI group) at the phyto buffers. We tested for differences in clone groups, phyto buffers, and their interactions for survival, health, height, diameter, and volume from ages one to four years. First-year survival was 97.1%, with 95.5%, 96.2%, and 99.6% for the 2017, 2018, and 2019 buffer groups, respectively. All trees had optimal health. Fourth-year mean annual increment of 2017 buffer group trees ranged from 2.66 ± 0.18 to 3.65 ± 0.17 Mg ha−1 yr−1. NRRI clones ‘99038022’ and ‘9732-31’ exhibited exceptional survival and growth across eleven and ten phyto buffers, respectively, for all years. These approaches advance poplar tree improvement efforts throughout the region, continent, and world, with methods informing clonal selection for multiple end-uses, including phytotechnologies.

Baseline information on bird diversity is essential for biodiversity monitoring and conservation as birds are often considered a key indicator of ecosystem health and ecological balance. Studies from other countries suggest that green patches, like university campuses, play a vital role in local bird conservation in urbanized regions. In the Kaski district of Nepal, the study of bird diversity is limited to the larger lakes of the Pokhara valley. Banpale Forest, one of the few green patches in the Pokhara valley, is considered a hotspot for birdwatching; however, no proper studies have been conducted to explore the bird diversity. This study examines the species diversity and seasonal abundance of birds in the Banpale Forest of the Institute of Forestry, Pokhara. Two trails built by villagers and students for walking were used as transects for the study. A total of 2,975 bird individuals of 125 species were counted in the survey conducted from June 2018 to May 2019, with 12 field visits along a 2.17km trail. Passeriformes (54.03%) and Accipitridae (13.71%) were the dominant order and family respectively among the recorded species. Species diversity (H’) was higher in the winter season (H’=3.99), with species richness of 13.26 and species evenness of 0.88. Insectivores (n=54) were the dominant foraging guilds among the recorded species. The high avifaunal diversity and conservation value index of Banpale Forest indicate the need for conservation planning in the region.

Amazon is the largest tropical forest on the planet, it has a variety of plant species with emphasis on manyfruit trees, such as the camu-camuzeiro (Myrciaria dubia (H. B. K.) McVaugh), which occurs naturally on thebanks of rivers, lakes, lowlands and flooded forest of the Amazon. The objective of this study is to evaluate thedevelopment of camu-camuzeiro seedlings in different organic substrates. The experiment was conductedin the seedling production nursery of the Federal Rural University of Amazon. The experimental design wasentirely randomized, with ten treatments and five repetitions, each portion was represented by ten plants,totaling 500 seedlings. The substrates evaluated were: T1 - Humus; T2 - Humus + Bird manure; T3 - Humus + Bovinemanure; T4 - Humus + Açaí kernel; T5 - Humus + Chestnut shell; T6 - Humus + Chestnut shell + Poultry manure;T7 - Humus + Bovine manure + Chestnut shell; T8 - Humus + Açaí kernel + Poultry manure; T9 - Humus + Açaíkernel + Bovine manure; T10 - Commercial. The different substrates used influenced the development of camucamuzeiroseedlings evaluated at 180 days. The treatments with a substrate based on Humus (T1), Humus + Açaíkernel (T4), Humus + Chestnut shell (T5), Humus + Chestnut shell + Poultry manure (T6), Humus + Bovine manure +Chestnut shell (T7), Humus + Açaí Kernel + Bovine manure (T9) and the commercial substrate (T10) are the bestfor a satisfactory development of this crop in the production field.

This article publishes new archaeological materials that came to the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Chelyabinsk State University and the Center of Historical and Cultural Heritage of Chelyabinsk in 2015–2017. Materials of so-called “hoards” of ornithomorphs are extremely rare in the Northern areas of the Southern Trans-Urals. Therefore, the discovery of new objects of small bronze sculpture in storage facilities is of great scientific interest. The main area of distribution of “hoards” is connected with the territory of the forest–steppe zone of the Middle Urals, where the “settlements” and “sanctuary” complexes of Itkul culture of the 6th – 3rd centuries BC were located. Finding ornithomorphs in the forest-steppe zone of Chelyabinsk region extends the border of the influence of Itkul archaeological culture carriers far to the South. Ornithomorphs are traditionally associated with religious beliefs of Itkul culture carriers. As a rule, ornithomorphs are found in places where ancient “sanctuary” complexes were located: on mountain tops, in rocks or at the foot. In our case, the findings came from areas where there are no mountains or mountain outliers. These findings are from the cape hills of the South Ural lakes. The random detection of ornithomorph collection, unfortunately, does not allow to accurately determine the location of the “sanctuary” complexes. It allows to determine only the area of their approximate location. The article provides a detailed description of ornithomorphs and proposes their typology. The collection includes a variety of ornithomorphs, which can be attributed to six typological groups, and their transitional forms can be allocated. Finding a bronze arrowhead allows us to offer a conditional dating of “hoards” within the 4th century BC.

One of the main aims of the University of Pavia mycology laboratory was to collect wood decay fungal (WDF) strains in order to deepen taxonomic studies, species distribution, officinal properties or to investigate potential applications such as biocomposite material production based on fungi. The Italian Alps, Apennines and wood plains were investigated to collect Basidiomycota basidiomata from living or dead trees. The purpose of this study was to investigate the wood decay strains of the Mediterranean area, selecting sampling sites in North and Central Italy, including forests near the Ligurian and Adriatic seas, or near the Lombardy lakes. The isolation of mycelia in pure culture was performed according to the current methodology and the identity of the strains was confirmed by molecular analyses. The strains are maintained in the Research Culture Collection MicUNIPV of Pavia University (Italy). Among the 500 WDF strains in the collection, the most interesting isolates from the Mediterranean area are: Dichomitus squalens (basidioma collected from Pinus pinea), Hericium erinaceus (medicinal mushroom), Inocutis tamaricis (white-rot agent on Tamarix trees), Perenniporia meridionalis (wood degrader through Mn peroxidase) and P. ochroleuca. In addition, strains of species related to the Mediterranean climate (e.g., Fomitiporia mediterranea and Cellulariella warnieri) were obtained from sites with a continental-temperate climate.

e13602 Background: The prognosis of cancer patients is heavily influenced by performance status which also informs an oncologist’s decision for initiating or continuing with cancer treatment. From SEER data, there is evidence that oncology patients who are discharged to a skilled nursing facility are less likely to receive chemotherapy and radiation. Patients with advanced cancer discharged from hospital also have a readmission rate as high as 34 percent. Those that are unlikely to follow up are a vulnerable population that should be identified to discuss how to best optimize post hospitalization care. Methods: University of Florida's Integrated Data Repository (IDR) was queried for established oncology patients at University of Florida Health from 2012 – 2023. The cohort was further narrowed down to patients who had exposures to antineoplastics within 6 months and loss to follow up was defined as not having a clinic visit within 6 months of hospital discharge. The study cohort included 194 patients and 97 patients were not lost to follow up and 97 patients were lost to follow up. Structured health data including ICD-9 and 10 codes, antineoplastic drug exposures, Area Deprivation Index (ADI), discharge vitals were extracted. Dataset was split into 70% training and 30% testing. Using logistic regression, random forest and XGBoost, loss to follow up was predicted with 5 fold cross validation and hyperparameter tuning with GridSearchCV for the best ROC AUC. Results: The median Charlson score for cohort was 11, median length of stay in the hospital was 7 days, median ED visits within 6 months was 8, median LACE score of 21. 86% of the cohort had Medicare, 6% with Medicaid, 6% Blue Cross, 2% Managed Care and 0.5% Other. There were 96 females and 98 males. 66% of the cohort was Caucasian and 31% Black, 3.9% Hispanic, 1% Asian, 0.5% multiracial. XGBoost and random forest performed better than logistic regression, both achieving a AUC ROC of 0.83 vs. 0.78. XGBoost had a higher F1 score of 0.75, sensitivity of 0.71, compared to 0.68 and 0.55 respectively for both Random Forest and logistic regression. The most important features for Random Forest were ED visits within 6 months, followed by diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, temperature then systolic blood pressure on day of discharge. The most important features for XGBoost were diagnoses of pulmonary congestion, pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion and type 2 diabetes with complications. Conclusions: Our XGBoost model achieved metrics which are in line with the higher performances seen with machine learning models predicting readmissions following hospital discharge. This serves as a good baseline model to compare against new state of the art models that incorporate unstructured data such as clinical notes and radiology image reports. These models are currently under development by the same authors using the clinical large language model GatorTron.

We monitored crown air temperature, volumetric soil moisture, leaf water potential, rates of gas exchange, and insect pests of green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica 'Marshall's Seedless'), Austrian pine (Pinus rdgra Arnold), and northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) trees during a relatively hot summer in Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S. Air temperatures and vapor pressure deficits (VPD) were much higher in trees growing downtown than in nearby trees growing on the University of Nebraska campus. Increased VPDs and reduced soil moisture decreased pre-dawn water potential and gas exchange of ash and oak trees on the downtown site compared to trees on campus. Green ash trees downtown had more damage from lilac borers (Podosesia syringae (Harris) (Sesiidae)) than did trees on campus. Aphids (Aphidiae) and lace bugs (Tingidae Corythucha arcuata (Say)) appeared to be more numerous on oak trees growing downtown than on those growing on campus. Cultural treatments that improve soil moisture availability, such as irrigating, increasing planter size, and mulching, are especially critical on heat island sites and may reduce tree stress, pest damage, and mortality.

Introduction: The apparent heterogeneity of multiple myeloma (MM) constitutes a key challenge in the clinical management and the design of effective therapeutic interventions, while it entails the identification of biomarkers with a strong prognostic value. In this context and taking into account patients' inconvenience to invasive bone marrow (BM) aspiration, the assessment of circulating plasma cells (CPCs) in liquid biopsies, at the time of diagnosis, has been proposed as a useful assay with prognostic value. Different methodologies have been applied for the detection of CPCs; the most common is the use of multicolor flow cytometry (MFC), mainly of 2-, 4-, or 6-color combination panels, which however yielded heterogeneous results due to variations in the detection efficacy of each approach. In the present study, we applied the standardized and highly sensitive Next Generation Flow Cytometry (NGF) approach, to detect CPCs in diagnostic MM peripheral blood (PB) samples, we compared their phenotypic characteristics with the aberrant clonal cells of BM matched samples and we correlated their presence with disease characteristics. Patients and Methods: PB and BM matched samples from 182 consecutive MM patients, at diagnosis, were evaluated for the presence of aberrant plasma cells (APCs) following the standard operating procedures (SOP) of NGF, according to EuroFlow guidelines. All these patients were diagnosed and treated in a single center (Department of Clinical Therapeutics, N.K. University of Athens, Greece). Samples were collected in EDTA-anticoagulated tubes and treated with the bulk-lysis procedure. Recovered cells were stained with antibodies against surface CD19-PEC7, CD27-BV510, CD38-FITC, CD45-PERCP, CD56-PE and CD138-BV421 and the intracellular CyIgκ-APC and CyIgλ-APCC750 to verify clonality. Six to ten million cells were acquired per sample, thus reaching a median Limit of Detection (LOD) of 3.5x10-6. Optimal PMT voltages were set according to the EuroFlow SOP for instrument set-up and daily performance status of FACSCANTOII was monitored with both CS&T (BD) and Rainbow beads (Spherotech Inc, Lake Forest, IL). Results: CPCs were detected in 158/182 (86.8%) MM diagnostic samples within a range of 0.0002% to 63.8% of total PB nucleated cells (PBNCs). The CPCs showed the same aberrant phenotype as the one detected in the BM for all cases, although with a significantly reduced intensity for the markers CD27, CD38, CD138 and CD56. When more than one phenotypically distinct subgroups were detectable in the BM, the same phenotypic subsets were present in the PB with the same relative frequency for >90% of bi/multi-phenotypic cases. The higher number of CPCs (>0.1% of all PBNCs) strongly correlated with an increased BM infiltration rate by myeloma cells (p<0.0001), with ISS-3 disease stage (p<0.0001) and with the presence of high-risk cytogenetics [t(4;14), t(14;16) and/or del(17p53); p<0.0001]. There was also weaker correlation between high number of CPCs and high serum creatinine levels (p=0.015). Inversely, the absence of CPCs or the presence of CPCs at numbers ≤0.001% correlated with lower serum β2-microglobulin (p<0.0001), with higher hemoglobin levels (p<0.0001) and with the presence of an elevated normal plasma cell compartment within the BM (i.e. ≥5% of all PCs; r2=0.84, p<0.0001). There was no association between the CPC number and the therapeutic response to induction treatment (IMWG criteria). Despite the short follow-up period (median of 16 months), there is a trend for inferior PFS in patients with high CPCs (p=0.16). Conclusions: The NGF approach using the EuroFlow protocol enables the detection of even rare CPCs in diagnostic MM PB samples, due to the high number of cells acquired and the elegantly elaborated 8-color marker combinations which allows for the detection of CPCs with even a non-typical phenotype. Our matched PB and BM analysis revealed that BM APCs and CPCs share very similar characteristics suggesting that liquid biopsy offers a representative alternative for the phenotypic characterization of BM APCs. The correlation of high CPCs with adverse disease characteristics suggests that the quantification of CPCs by standardized NGF may emerge as a valuable surrogate prognostic biomarker which could replace other invasive methods or other less informative assays. Disclosures Terpos: Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Medison: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Genesis: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria. Gavriatopoulou:Amgen: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses; Genesis: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses. Kastritis:Genesis: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Prothena: Honoraria. Dimopoulos:Sanofi Oncology: Research Funding.

River restoration is an activity to restore the river's condition to its original state. River restoration is one of the SDGs targets, namely target 6.6, Aquatic Ecosystems.The target of 6.6 SDGs is to conserve and restore water-related ecosystems such as mountains, forests, wetland vegetation, rivers, reservoirs and lakes. These SDGs targets will be successful with the participation of the surrounding community. In order to pursue this target, the Civil Engineering Study Program, Pancasila University has organized a community service program related to river restoration activities, in the Cimanuk-Cisanggarung river area, Cirebon. Community service activities are carried out by providing counseling about the importance of river restoration programs to high school teachers and assessing school readiness to form a water quality monitoring school partnership. To assess the understanding of river restoration and the readiness to establish partnership, a questionnaire was given. Based on the questionnaire analysis, it can be concluded that most of the participants (76%) stated that the river restoration program was important, and would be ready to partner with other schools (24%). This shows that program respondents are ready to form partnerships to support river restoration programs.

This scientific paper examines the impact of climate change on the spread and survival of the invasive species Corythucha arcuata Say, 1832 (oak lace bug, or OLB) in Romania. The OLB is native to the Eastern USA and Canada, and in its native habitat, it coexists with minimal impact to the preferred host plant species Quercus. However, in Europe, the OLB in high density causes early defoliation, slowing tree growth. As Quercus spp. is a keystone species, the impact of the OLB on European forests is significant. This paper aims to address several gaps in knowledge about the OLB by presenting findings from a study conducted by the Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu (ULBS) in Romania. The study identified the species’ chronology of spread, ecology, ethology and biology of the species, in addition to foliage classification to determine the extent of attack. The study found a direct link between the temperature and the speed of the generational lifecycle. The findings support the thesis that climate change is enabling the healthy, rapid density growth of OLB, which is a danger to the Quercus spp. Further research is needed in the area of the thermal tolerance of the OLB, and the research conducted by the ULBS represents the first documented research into the thermal constant of the insect. The paper concludes that further research must be in the direction to understand how and where these insects survive during winter to find future management measures and identify chemical or biological methods as solutions to eradicate and stop the expansion of the invasion of the OLB, and the potential consequences for the Quercus sp.

Abstract Hospitals are insufficiently equipped for patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD). Thus, 30-day hospital readmission is higher and costlier among ADRD patients than the general population of older adults. Our objective was to develop a risk-assessment tool for hospitalized patients with ADRD. We used 2016-2019 electronic medical record (EMR) data from the University of Michigan health system and applied machine learning techniques to develop a readmission risk-assessment tool. We identified 2,899 individuals with ADRD who had at least one index hospital admission. All data features available in EMR – demographics, lab results, prior counts of healthcare use, and characteristics of index hospitalization – were included in our predictive models. Additionally, we geocoded the street address of patients using the National Neighborhood Data Archive using the U.S. Census tract-level information to include two composite measures of socioeconomic status: disadvantage and affluence. The readmission rate for ADRD patients was 22% versus 17% for the general population. The best predictive model was the Random Forest (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.66; sensitivity=0.64; specificity=0.61). The accuracy of our model (0.61) was 42% higher than the LACE score (0.43), which is currently used by the hospital for all patients. The top 5 predictors of 30-day readmission among people with ADRD included length of hospital stay, frailty index, living in a disadvantaged neighborhood, and total prior-year healthcare charges. Our risk-assessment tool identifies ADRD patients at high risk of readmission and why they are at higher risk. The tool enables better decision-making before discharge.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited hemoglobinopathy worldwide. The pathophysiology of the disease results in end organ damage which leads to morbidity and mortality. In a subset of patients, SCD-related complications have resulted in prolonged hospitalizations and increased frequency of 30-day hospital readmissions. In the era of value-based health care, hospital quality metrics and reimbursements are generated based on strategic health care utilization. Therefore, being able to identify early unplanned hospital readmissions is critical in managing health care expenditure. Objective: To develop machine learning algorithms for predicting the 30-day unplanned readmission risk of SCD patients and to compare the predictive power of machine learning models against standard hospital readmission scoring systems. Methods: We analyzed retrospective real-world electronic health records (EHR) data for patients with SCD at our institution from January 1, 2013- November 1, 2018. The raw data set contained 2824 unique SCD patients from across 5 hospitals within the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. After preprocessing using our inclusion criteria, our cohort included 3299 admissions comprising of 446 adult SCD patients. Features extracted from the EHR data were reduced and regrouped using both data-driven methods and clinical knowledge, resulting in 486 unique features. Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF) were applied to predict for 30-day unplanned hospital readmissions in SCD. Prediction performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. We compared our results against standard hospital readmission prediction tools such as LACE and HOSPITAL indices. Results: We randomly selected the inpatient admissions incurred by 30 percent of the 195 return patients and 251 nonreturn patients to be included in the testing set (n = 134); the training set contained the inpatient admissions incurred by the remaining 211 patients. Thus, our training and testing sets contained similar demographic information, predictors, and outcomes. The average number of admissions was 7.40 (12.90) for the 446 patients, and 14.47 (16.97) for the 195 patients who had 30-day readmissions. Since the number of samples in our study is comparatively small, our results might be sensitive to the training and testing splits. To address this problem, we performed 100 different training and testing splits and averaged the resulting 100 AUCs. Figure 1 summarizes the two performance metrics of each model. The two benchmark prediction tools, LACE and HOSPITAL, have AUCs of 0.56 (95%CI 0.52-0.60) and 0.63 (95%CI 0.59-0.67), respectively. Notably, all three machine learning algorithms outperformed both benchmarks. The RF was the best machine learning model in prediction of hospital readmissions, as reported in similar machine learning studies (Deschepper et al. 2019), with an AUC of 0.73 (95%CI 0.69-0.76). Table 1 summarizes the sensitivity and specificity of our RF model. Conclusion: Machine learning algorithms outperformed the standard hospital readmission risk scoring systems, LACE and HOSPITAL, by a large margin in a real world data set of SCD patients at a single institution. In particular, machine learning algorithms were able to identify important variables that are underrepresented in the traditional risk scoring systems (Figure 2). The use of machine learning algorithms can be a powerful tool in providing valuable insight towards health care expenditure and resource allocation in high risk patient groups. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Climate change induced sea-level rise (SLR) is on its increase globally. Regionally the lowlands of China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and islands of the Malaysian, Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos are among the world’s most threatened regions. Sea-level rise has major impacts on the ecosystems and society. It threatens coastal populations, economic activities, and fragile ecosystems as mangroves, coastal salt-marches and wetlands. This paper provides a summary of the current state of knowledge of sea level-rise and its effects on both human and natural ecosystems. The focus is on coastal urban areas and low lying deltas in South-East Asia and Vietnam, as one of the most threatened areas in the world. About 3 mm per year reflects the growing consensus on the average SLR worldwide. The trend speeds up during recent decades. The figures are subject to local, temporal and methodological variation. In Vietnam the average values of 3.3 mm per year during the 1993-2014 period are above the worldwide average. Although a basic conceptual understanding exists that the increasing global frequency of the strongest tropical cyclones is related with the increasing temperature and SLR, this relationship is insufficiently understood. Moreover the precise, complex environmental, economic, social, and health impacts are currently unclear. SLR, storms and changing precipitation patterns increase flood risks, in particular in urban areas. Part of the current scientific debate is on how urban agglomeration can be made more resilient to flood risks. Where originally mainly technical interventions dominated this discussion, it becomes increasingly clear that proactive special planning, flood defense, flood risk mitigation, flood preparation, and flood recovery are important, but costly instruments. 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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> While public participation in scientific achievements has a long history, the last decades have seen more attention and an impressive increase in the number of involved people. Citizen science, the term used for denoting such an attitude, is a very diverse practice, encompassing various forms, depths, and aims of collaboration between scientists and citizen researchers and a broad range of scientific disciplines. Different classifications of citizen science projects exist based on the degrees of influence and contributions of citizens. Haklay, Mazumdar, and Wardlaw (2018) distinguish the citizen science projects in three different classes:</p> <ol><li>Long-running citizen science, which are the traditional ones, the projects similar to those run in the past (Koboriet al., 2016; Bonney et al., 2009)</li> <li>Citizen cyberscience, strictly connected with the use of technologies (Grey, 2009) and which can be subclassified in:<ol><li>volunteer computing, where citizens offer the unused computing resources of their computers;</li><li>volunteer thinking, where citizens offer their cognitive abilities for performing tasks difficult for machines;</li><li>passive sensing, where citizens use the sensors integrated into mobile computing devices to carry outautomatic sensing tasks.</li></ol></li> <li>Community science, involving a more significant commitment of citizens also in designing and planning theproject activities in a more egalitarian (if not bottom-up) approach between scientists and citizen scientists(Jepson &amp; Ladle, 2015; Nascimento, Guimarães Pereira, &amp; Ghezzi, 2014; Breen, Dosemagen, Warren, &amp;Lippincott, 2015), which can be divided into:<ol><li>participatory sensing, where citizens use the sensors integrated into mobile computing devices to carry outsensing tasks;</li><li>Do It Yourself (DIY) science, which implies participants create their scientific tools and methodology to carry out their researches; </li><li>civic science, “which is explicitly linked to community goals and questions the state of things” (Haklay et al., 2018).</li></ol></li></ol> <p>The work presented here is of interest of community scientists which voluntarily offer their time for the development of scientific projects. Many software tools have been developed in order to simplify the insertion of data into structured forms and the aggregation and analysis of the obtained data. In recent years, the growing availability of feature-rich and low-cost smartphones have boosted the development of innovative solutions for data collection using portable devices. In this field, ODK (OpenDataKit) is widely known. It is an open-source suite of tools focused on simplicity of use, which includes an Android application for data collection. We used ODK for the first applications we developed.</p><p>One of the applications we developed using ODK is Via Regina (http://www.viaregina.eu/app). The application aims to support slow tourism in Via Regina, which is a road that overlooks the west coast of Lake Como in Northern Italy. Over the centuries, Via Regina has been a critical trade and pilgrim route in Europe. Moreover, from this road, a compact system of slow mobility paths departs, which span the mountainous region at the border between Italy and Switzerland. This region is rich in culture, regarding history, art, architecture, cuisine and people’s lifestyle. Considering collecting data on Via Regina and the paths around it would enable to rediscover and promote its culture while enjoying the territory, an Interreg project named “The Paths of Regina” started. The application developed within this project allows collecting data in predefined types: historical and cultural, morphological, touristic, and critical. Moreover, while reporting a point of interest (POI), the application asks the name, the position (through GPS or an interactive map), a picture, and optionally a video and an audio record of it (Antonovic et al., 2015).</p><p>However, since ODK application can be used only on Android devices, we developed a cross-platform application to collect similar data for the same purpose. It is available on Android, iOS, and web (http://viaregina3.como.polimi.it/app/). The application is developed using Apache Cordova, which is a mobile application development framework that enables running the application in multiple platforms. Leaflet library is used for web mapping. The data is stored in NoSQL PouchDB and CouchDB database, which enables both online and offline data collection. While reporting a POI, the application asks for its type, the user’s rating, a comment, and a picture of it either uploaded from device’s storage or taken using the camera of the mobile device. In addition to being cross-platform, it has the advantage of displaying and enabling the query of POIs reported, compared to the ODK-based version (Brovelli, Kilsedar, &amp; Zamboni, 2016). Regarding citizen science, besides the citizens using these two applications, Iubilantes, a voluntary cultural organization, has been involved in the project as community scientists. Iubilantes created slow mobility paths to walk in and around Via Regina, using their experience gained through studying ancient paths while protecting and enhancing their assets since 1996.</p><p>Mobile data collection can also be used to compensate for the lack of reference data available for land cover validation. We developed the Land Cover Collector (https://github.com/kilsedar/land-cover-collector) application for this purpose, which collects data using the nomenclature of GlobeLand30. GlobeLand30 is the first global land cover map at 30-meter resolution, provided by National Geomatics Center of China, available for 2000 and 2010 (Chen et al., 2015). There are ten land cover classes in the GlobeLand30 dataset, which are: artificial surface, bare land, cultivated land, forest, grassland, permanent snow and ice, shrubland, tundra, water body, and wetland. The collected data will be used for validating GlobeLand30 (Kilsedar, Bratic, Molinari, Minghini, &amp; Brovelli, 2018). The data is licensed under the Open Database License (ODbL) v1.0 and can be downloaded within the application in JSON format. The application is currently available in eight languages: English, Italian, Arabic, Russian, Chinese, Portuguese, French and Spanish. The technologies used are the same as the cross-platform Via Regina application. As a result, it is available on Android, iOS, and web (https://landcover.como.polimi.it/collector/); and it supports display and query of the collected data. While reporting a POI, the application asks the land cover class of it, the user’s degree of certainty on the correctness of the stated class, photos in north, east, south and west directions, and the user’s comment. Three hands-on workshops were given to teach this application and various ways to validate GlobeLand30: the first on September 1, 2018 at the World Bank in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (in conjunction with the FOSS4G 2018 conference); the second on September 3, 2018 at the Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD) in Nairobi, Kenya; and the third on October 1, 2018 at the Delft University of Technology in Delft, Netherlands. The workshops, run by representatives of the project's principal investigators &amp;ndash; Politecnico di Milano (Italy) and the National Geomatics Center of China (China) &amp;ndash; were attended by a total of 100 people with a background in GIS and remote sensing. (Brovelli et al., 2018).</p><p>Nonetheless, there are no widely adopted cross-platform open-source solutions or systems for on-site surveys that address the problem of information silos: isolated databases, where the information is not adequately shared but rather remains sequestered within each system, which is an obstacle to using data mining to make productive use of data of multiple systems.</p><p> PSAB (Participatory Sensing App Builder) is a platform that provides an open-source and easy to use cross-platform solution for the creation of custom smartphone applications as well as web applications and catalog service for publishing the data and make them available to everyone. It takes advantage of established standards (like XLSForm for defining the structure of the form and DublinCore for exposing metadata) as well as less known yet effective solutions, like WQ (https://wq.io), a framework developed for building reusable software platforms for citizen science. These technologies have been merged, together with other software like Django, PyCSW, PostgreSQL, in a single solution, in order to assist the user during the entire process, from the definition of the form structure, to the creation of an ad-hoc application and the publication of the collected data, inside a flexible and open-source platform.</p><p> Users registered to PSAB are allowed to create a new application by filling a web form where they can upload their XLSForm files and submit the metadata describing the data to be collected. A new application for collecting data on the field is generated and accessible via web and Android (while iOS requires a particular setup), ready to be used online and offline. The creator of each application is also the administrator of it, which means he/she is allowed to add or ban users and modify or remove existing data. Data is automatically synchronized between all the users participating in the project.</p><p> In the presentation we will show the applications we developed, starting from the ODK-based ones and coming to the PSAB application builder, and our experience related to their usage.</p>

Rapid urbanization rates impact significantly on the nature of Land Cover patterns of the environment, which has been evident in the depletion of vegetal reserves and in general modifying the human climatic systems (Henderson, et al., 2017; Kumar, Masago, Mishra, & Fukushi, 2018; Luo and Lau, 2017). This study explores remote sensing classification technique and other auxiliary data to determine LULCC for a period of 50 years (1967-2016). The LULCC types identified were quantitatively evaluated using the change detection approach from results of maximum likelihood classification algorithm in GIS. Accuracy assessment results were evaluated and found to be between 56 to 98 percent of the LULC classification. The change detection analysis revealed change in the LULC types in Minna from 1976 to 2016. Built-up area increases from 74.82ha in 1976 to 116.58ha in 2016. Farmlands increased from 2.23 ha to 46.45ha and bared surface increases from 120.00ha to 161.31ha between 1976 to 2016 resulting to decline in vegetation, water body, and wetlands. The Decade of rapid urbanization was found to coincide with the period of increased Public Private Partnership Agreement (PPPA). Increase in farmlands was due to the adoption of urban agriculture which has influence on food security and the environmental sustainability. The observed increase in built up areas, farmlands and bare surfaces has substantially led to reduction in vegetation and water bodies. The oscillatory nature of water bodies LULCC which was not particularly consistent with the rates of urbanization also suggests that beyond the urbanization process, other factors may influence the LULCC of water bodies in urban settlements. Keywords: Minna, Niger State, Remote Sensing, Land Surface Characteristics References Akinrinmade, A., Ibrahim, K., & Abdurrahman, A. (2012). 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It has been proposed that vegetation and soil changes resulting from changes in land use cause surface-water acidification. The expansion of spruce forest, from natural colonization and from afforestation, has been one of the major changes that has taken place in the vegetation of South Sweden during this century. Spruce has been favoured at the expense of broad-leafed trees by forest management and has been planted on open land, abandoned farm land and in forests. Since the 1920s, the area covered by spruce forest has increased by 2.3 million haf in Gotaland and Svealand, and the frequency of spruce trees in the forests has increased from 11.5 to 33.5% (data from Department of Forest Survey, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Umea). Gotaland and Svealand comprise the southernmost third of Sweden, the area that suffers most from lake acidification. Spruce colonization alters soil conditions. In several investigations, in which conditions in spruce and birch stands have been compared, significantly lower pH values have been recorded in spruce forest soils. It has been suggested that spruce expansion also leads to lake-water acidification, but this has not been confirmed. Unfortunately, it is difficult to design an investigation aimed at studying the acidification effects of spruce forest under prevailing levels of atmospheric pollution because there are problems in distinguishing between true vegetation-soil effects, effects of air pollution, and combined effects. To assess whether spruce forest per se causes lake-water acidification, we have studied the effects of the natural immigration of spruce that reached northern Sweden from the northeast about 3000 years ago, before there was any acid precipitation from fossil-fuel combustion. Palaeoecological studies indicate that spruce colonized land that was occupied by birch, alder and pine.

Water resource management strategies at National Pingtung University of Science and Technology (NPUST) are orientated towards water conservation, efficient water use and wastewater reuse. Ground water is the main water source on the university campus and the affiliated Tajen and Baoli experimental forest farms. To promote ground water collection from surface runoff water, permeable pavement, and multiple ponds have been installed. To achieve efficient water use, less efficient appliances have incrementally been replaced by more water-efficient ones. This has proven to be a feasible and effective way to achieve goals without bringing about inconveniences to campus users. Drought-tolerant trees have been planted and drip irrigation systems utilized on campus farms to save water. Our water reuse strategies aim to achieve a fully-recycling, zero emission water treatment system. Treated domestic sewage, swimming pool water and harvested rainwater are reused for flushing toilets or watering plants. Many facilities on campus, such as the Laifu Garden, Jingsi Lake, Green Park, Yingxia Lake, and Tajen Forest Farm, are more than just beautiful scenic spots; they all play major parts in the circular water ecosystem.Keyword: Water management, water conservation, water recycling, wastewater treatment

Talaga Paca Village has natural tourism potential such as lake, cave, forest and biodiversity. The existing of the natural wealth is inversely proportional to the economic welfare of the people who have a poverty rate of 75%. The community has not received the economic benefits from the beautiful nature around them. In 2019, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry gave an approval for the management of a state forest area of ​​865 ha during 35 years to Talaga Paca Village as part of the Social Forestry program. The Community Service (CS) Team of Halmahera University identified the main problem of the community was the inability to manage the tourism potential. The purpose of this CS is to implement the management of Talaga Paca ecotourism by the community so that they could receive the economic benefits for their welfare. The CS took place from April to October 2022. Through the collaboration of the parties, the CS has succeeded in improving the management of ecotourism by the community. At the moment, there have been tourist visits from within and outside the country so that the community has begun to receive economic benefits from ecotourism.

Biographical information and brief information on the scientific activities of Alexander Sergeyevich Lisetskiy (1919–1991), one of the leading zoologists at Kharkov University, are provided. The study of student A.S.Lisetskiy at the Faculty of Biology of Kharkov University was interrupted by the years of the World War II, which he passed in tank division. Only in 1948 he graduated from the Department of Vertebrate Zoology and then worked here until the end of his life. Alexander Sergeevich Lisetskiy was the author of scientific works on ornithology, theriology and nature conservation; created an outstanding collection of Lepidoptera; he is the author of significant scientific collections of birds and mammals, which are preserved in the University’s Museum of Nature. The entire scientific legacy of the scientist is considered together with the details of his scientific biography, the history of research, inseparable from the history of the Department of Vertebrate Zoology. Over 45 years of work at Kharkov University, A.S.Lisetskiy took part in all the expeditions of the department under the direction of I.B.Volchanetsky in the framework of the research topics of the department. In 1948–50 he took part in the study of the fauna of Lake Elton. In 1950–52, at the experimental reclamation station of the Institute of Hydrotechnics and Land Reclamation of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, he participated in the study of the effect of irrigation and field-protective breeding on the fauna. Together with the expedition, under the guidance of Professor I.B.Volchanetsky, he studied birds of deciduous forests of northeastern Ukraine – as a source of enrichment of the created protective forest belts with useful fauna. In 1965 he defended his thesis on mammals of artificial irrigation fields (supervised by professor I.B.Volchanetsky). In 1960–80 A.S.Lisetskiy did a lot to study the fauna of the Kharkov region – for the first time published a fundamental summary of the avifauna of the Izyum forests; studied the avifauna of Kharkov, participated in the creation of the first project of the national park "Gomolshansky." Alexander Sergeyevich did a lot as a popularizer of science – he lectured at the People's University "Nature", published interesting popular articles in periodicals. A.S.Lisetskiy left a noticeable mark on the scientific fate of many students of the Department of Zoology of Kharkov University, transferring the skills of a real field researcher – conscientious, hardworking, infinitely in love with his job.