Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lakes – Circulation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Lakes – Circulation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lakes – Circulation"

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Beletsky, Dmitry, James H. Saylor, and David J. Schwab. "Mean Circulation in the Great Lakes." Journal of Great Lakes Research 25, no. 1 (January 1999): 78–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(99)70718-5.

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Gurbutt, Paul A., and Brian Petrie. "Circulation in the Bras d'Or Lakes." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 41, no. 6 (December 1995): 611–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1995.0081.

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Plewa, Katarzyna, Adam Perz, and Dariusz Wrzesiński. "Links between Teleconnection Patterns and Water Level Regime of Selected Polish Lakes." Water 11, no. 7 (June 27, 2019): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071330.

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The paper identifies relationships between lake water levels and indices of macroscale atmospheric circulations: Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), East Atlantic (EA), and Scandinavian pattern (SCAND). Correlation coefficients between synchronous and asynchronous series of monthly water levels and 4 circulation indices were calculated. Based on Ward hierarchical grouping considering 156 correlation coefficients, the groups of lakes were designated due to the strength and term of relation of circulation indices with lake water levels. It was found that these links are not strong but noticeable. The strength of relationships varies in space and time, and the designated groups of lakes refer not only to the climatic diversity of the studied area, but also to some extent to the types of water levels regime. The observed relationships are the most important in the case of AO and NAO (particularly in winter period), and slightly weaker for EA and SCAND. The analysis used mean monthly water levels of 15 lakes in northern Poland from 1976–2015.
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Welch, Harold E., and Martin A. Bergmann. "Water Circulation in Small Arctic Lakes in Winter." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 506–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-068.

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Dye experiments and detailed measurements of conductance and temperature in small lakes at Saqvaqjuac (63°39′N, 90°39′W), showed how water circulated in midwinter. Stored heat returning from the sediments warms adjacent water, which then sinks downslope. Water immediately beneath the ice moves laterally shoreward, picking up cryoconcentrated salts and sinking downslope. Displacement of deep waters upward at the lake center is postulated as completing the circulation. Rates of water movement are on the order of 10 m∙d−1 in 2- to 10-ha lakes. This type of winter circulation is expected to be ubiquitous throughout the arctic.
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Toffolon, Marco. "Ekman circulation and downwelling in narrow lakes." Advances in Water Resources 53 (March 2013): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.10.003.

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Malm, Joakim. "Spring Circulation Associated with the Thermal Bar in Large Temperate Lakes." Hydrology Research 26, no. 4-5 (August 1, 1995): 331–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1995.0019.

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The overall circulation pattern in spring is rather specific as density-induced currents may be of significance. The density-driven circulation perpendicular to the shore can be described as consisting of two circulation cells, with a zone of convergence, referred to as thermal bar, in between. The thermal bar, which coincides with the 4°C isotherm (the temperature of maximum density), inhibits horizontal water exchange, implying its practical importance. In this paper, a hydrodynamic numerical model is used to study the relative influence of wind- and density-driven currents in a large temperate lake during spring. The study shows that the general density-driven circulation is strongly dependent on the bottom topography, with a more pronounced circulation and considerable descending motions in the thermal bar zone in lakes with steep sloping bottoms. In shallow lakes, the wind-driven circulation dominates, and the effect of density-induced currents is marginal, except at locations with a drastic change in bottom depth.
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Laval, Bernard, Jörg Imberger, Ben R. Hodges, and Roman Stocker. "Modeling circulation in lakes: Spatial and temporal variations." Limnology and Oceanography 48, no. 3 (May 2003): 983–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.3.0983.

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Boyce, F. M., M. A. Donelan, P. F. Hamblin, C. R. Murthy, and T. J. Simons. "Thermal structure and circulation in the great lakes." Atmosphere-Ocean 27, no. 4 (December 1989): 607–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07055900.1989.9649358.

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Sanderson, Brian G. "Circulation and the nutrient budget in Myall Lakes." Hydrobiologia 608, no. 1 (June 6, 2008): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9380-6.

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Suriano, Zachary J., and Daniel J. Leathers. "Great Lakes Basin Snow-Cover Ablation and Synoptic-Scale Circulation." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 57, no. 7 (July 2018): 1497–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-17-0297.1.

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AbstractSynoptic-scale atmospheric conditions play a critical role in determining the frequency and intensity of snow-cover-ablation events. Using a synoptic weather-classification technique, distinct regional circulation patterns influencing the Great Lakes basin of North America are identified and examined in conjunction with daily snow-ablation events from 1960 to 2009. An ablation event is considered in this study to be an interdiurnal decrease in areal-weighted average snow depth of greater than 2.54 cm in magnitude over the entire Great Lakes basin. General meteorological characteristics associated with ablation-causing synoptic types are examined, and three individual case studies from prominent synoptic types are presented to understand the diversity of meteorological influences on regional snow ablation. Results indicate that a variety of synoptic weather conditions lead to snow ablation in the Great Lakes basin. The 10 most common synoptic types accounted for 66% of the 349 ablation events detected from 1960 to 2009. Snow ablation in the Great Lakes basin most commonly occurs when there is advection of warm and moist air into the region to provide the sensible and latent heat fluxes that are needed for melt, but ablation frequently occurs during rain-on-snow events and in instances of high pressure overhead. Ablation magnitude is highest during rain-on-snow synoptic types, and the interannual frequency of these types significantly decreased by 37% over 1960–2009. Conversely, the frequency of high-pressure-overhead synoptic types significantly increased by more than 30% from 1960 to 2009. Such changes may influence the hydrologic impact of these synoptic types on ablation over time.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lakes – Circulation"

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Ropp, David L. "Numerical study of shallow water models with variable topography." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2000_165_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Koçyigit, Müsteyde Baduna. "Numerical modelling of wind-induced circulation in lakes and reservoirs." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412516.

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Arnold, Robert John. "Mathematical modelling of wind effects on closed lakes /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha758.pdf.

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McInerney, David J. "A triangular grid finite-difference model for wind-induced circulation in shallow lakes /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2005. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm4790.pdf.

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Jung, Kyung Tae. "On three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical modelling of wind induced flows in stably stratified waters : a Galerkin-finite difference approach." Title page, contents and summary only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj95.pdf.

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Shimizu, Kenji. "Application of modal analysis to strongly stratified lakes." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0079.

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Modal analysis for strongly stratified lakes was extended to obtain a better understanding of the dynamics of the basin-scale motions. By viewing the basin-scale motions as a superposition of modes, that have distinct periods and three-dimensional structures, the method provides a conceptual understanding for the excitation, evolution, and damping of the basin-scale motions. Once the motion has been decomposed into modes, their evolution and energetics may be extracted from hydrodynamic simulation results and field data. The method was applied to Lake Biwa, Japan, and Lake Kinneret, Israel, and used for a theoretical study. The real lake applications showed that winds excited basin-scale motions that had a surface layer velocity structure similar to the wind stress pattern. Three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations of Lake Biwa indicated that most of the energy input from winds was partitioned into the internal waves that decayed within a few days. The gyres, on the other hand, received much less energy but dominated the dynamics during calm periods due to their slow damping. Analyses of field data from Lake Kinneret suggested that the internal waves, excited by the strong winds every afternoon, were damped over a few days primarily due to bottom friction. Theoretical investigations of damping mechanisms of internal waves revealed that bottom friction induced a velocity anomaly at the top of the boundary layer that drained energy from the nearly inviscid interior by a combination of internal wave cancelling and spin-down. These results indicate that gyres induce long-term horizontal transport near the surface and internal waves transfer energy from winds to near-bottom mixing. Modal structure of dominant basin-scale internal waves can induce large heterogeneity of nearbottom mass transfer processes. The method presented here provides a tool to determine how basin-scale motions impact on biogeochemical processes in stratified lakes.
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Yeates, Peter Stafford. "Deep mixing in stratified lakes and reservoirs." University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0046.

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The onset of summer stratification in temperate lakes and reservoirs forces a decoupling of the hypolimnion from the epilimnion that is sustained by strong density gradients in the metalimnion. These strong gradients act as a barrier to the vertical transport of mass and scalars leading to bottom anoxia and subsequent nutrient release from the sediments. The stratification is intermittently overcome by turbulent mixing events that redistribute mass, heat, dissolved parameters and particulates in the vertical. The redistribution of ecological parameters then exerts some control over the ecological response of the lake. This dissertation is focused on the physics of deep vertical mixing that occurs beneath the well-mixed surface layer in stratified lakes and reservoirs. The overall aim is to improve the ability of numerical models to reproduce deep vertical mixing, thus providing better tools for water quality prediction and management. In the first part of this research the framework of a one-dimensional mixed-layer hydrodynamic model was used to construct a pseudo two-dimensional model that computes vertical fluxes generated by deep mixing processes. The parameterisations developed for the model were based on the relationship found between lake-wide vertical buoyancy flux and the first-order internal wave response of the lake to surface wind forcing. The ability of the model to reproduce the observed thermal structure in a range of lakes and reservoirs was greatly improved by incorporating an explicit turbulent benthic boundary layer routine. Although laterally-integrated models reproduce the net effect of turbulent mixing in a vertical sense, they fail to resolve the transient distribution of turbulent mixing events triggered by local flow properties defined at far smaller scales. Importantly, the distribution of events may promote tertiary motions and ecological niches. In the second part of the study a large body of microstructure data collected in Lake Kinneret, Israel, was used to show that the nature of turbulent mixing events varied considerably between the epilimnion, metalimnion, hypolimnion and benthic boundary layer, yet the turbulent scales of the events and the buoyancy flux they produced collapsed into functions of the local gradient Richardson number. It was found that the most intense events in the metalimnion were triggered by high-frequency waves generated near the surface that grew and imparted a strain on the metalimnion density field, which led to secondary instabilities with low gradient Richardson numbers. The microstructure observations suggest that the local gradient Richardson number could be used to parameterise vertical mixing in coarse-grid numerical models of lakes and reservoirs. However, any effort to incorporate such parameterisations becomes meaningless without measures to reduce numerical diffusion, which often dominates over parameterised physical mixing. As a third part of the research, an explicit filtering tool was developed to negate numerical diffusion in a threedimensional hydrodynamic model. The adaptive filter ensured that temperature gradients in the metalimnion remained within bounds of the measured values and so the computation preserved the spectrum of internal wave motions that trigger diapycnal mixing events in the deeper reaches of a lake. The results showed that the ratio of physical to numerical diffusion is dictated by the character of the dominant internal wave motions.
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Kerimoglu, Onur. "Influence Of Large Scale Atmospheric Systems On Hydorology And Ecology Of Turkish Lakes." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609272/index.pdf.

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Impacts of climatic changes on in-land waters of Turkey is a topic that has not been sufficiently investigated yet. In this study, some exploratory work have been performed to form the core of further studies on the subject. EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) analysis has been applied to SLP (Sea Level Pressure) field with a wide coverage (20-70N, 50W-70E). The dominant sources of variability in this atmospheric system have been shown to be driven by 3 circulation indices, NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation), EAWR (East Atlantic - West Russia) and EA (East Atlantic) patterns. Linkages between this atmospheric system and the hydro-meteorological properties (data compiled from governmental organizations) of major Turkish lake ecosystems has been investigated with use of ordinary correlation analysis and CCA (Canonical Correlation Analysis). The results revealed the heavy forcing of large scale SLP field on regional temperature and E--P (evaporation minus precipitation) fields. The 15-year data set of Lake Mogan, as the longest available found, was used to exemplify the approaches and methodologies that can be employed for understanding the influence of climate variability on biological properties of lakes. It was suggested that temperature and salinity, being effective on phytoplankton and zooplankton groups, mediate the climatic impacts in Lake Mogan.
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Wallace, Helen Mary. "Application of layered models to the coastal dynamics of lakes and islands and to large-scale ocean circulation." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278303.

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Marti, Clelia Luisa. "Exchange processes between littoral and pelagic waters in a stratified lake." University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0005.

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[Truncated abstract] The lake boundaries are an important source of sediment, nutrients and chemicals. For life inside the lake, the exchange between the lake boundaries (littoral) and lake interior (pelagic) is of central importance to Limnology as the net flux of nutrients into the water column is both the driving force and limiting factor for most algae blooms found during the stratification period. Consequently, the understanding of the relevant processes defining such an exchange is a further step toward a sound basis for future decisions by lake managers in order to ensure high water quality. The objective of this research was to investigate the physical processes responsible for the exchange of water and particles between the lake boundaries and the lake interior. An integrated approach using field experiments and 3D modelling as applied to Lake Kinneret (Israel) is presented. The field data revealed large-scale metalimnion oscillations with amplitudes up to 10 m in response to westerly diurnal winds, the existence of a well-defined suspended particle intrusion into the metalimnion of the lake, characterized by high concentrations of organic matter, and a well-mixed benthic boundary layer (BBL). The changes in the thermal structure explained the observed vertical and horizontal movements of the suspended particle intrusion. The horizontal advective transport via the metalimnion, associated with the velocities induced by the basin-scale mode-two Poincare wave, controlled the exchange between the lake boundaries and lake interior on daily time scales. The observed BBL over the lake slope varied markedly with time and space. Detailed comparison of simulation results with field data revealed that the model captured the lake hydrodynamics for time scales from hours to days. The model could then be used to extract the residual motions in the various regions of the lake. The residual motions below the surface layer were predominantly forced by the basin-scale internal wave motions, but the residual motion in the surface layer was found to be very sensitive to the curl of the wind field. The residual circulation was responsible for redistributing mass throughout the lake basin on time scales from days to weeks. A clear connection of dynamics of the BBL with the large-scale features of the flow was addressed. The time history of the mixing in the BBL and the resulting cross-shore flux was shown to vary with the phase of the basin-scale internal waves.
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Books on the topic "Lakes – Circulation"

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Simons, T. J. The circulation of Lake Ontario during the summer of 1982 and winter of 1982/83. [Ottawa]: Environment Canada, 1989.

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Wold, Steven R. Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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Loving, Brian L. Water and salt balance of Great Salt Lake, Utah, and simulation of water and salt movement through the causeway, 1987-98. Salt Lake City, Utah: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.

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Astrakhant︠s︡ev, G. P. Modelirovanie ėkosistem bolʹshikh stratifit︠s︡irovannykh ozer. Sankt-Peterburg: Nauka, 2003.

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L, Demin I͡U︡, ed. Gidrodinamika ozer. Sankt-Peterburg: "Nauka," S.-Peterburgskoe otd-nie, 1991.

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Gottlieb, Erik S. Currents and temperatures observed in Lake Michigan from June 1982 to July 1983. Ann Arbor, Mich: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1989.

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Gottlieb, Erik S. Currents, temperatures, and divergences observed in eastern central Lake Michigan during May-October 1984. Ann Arbor, Mich: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1989.

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Gottlieb, Erik S. Currents and water temperatures observed in Green Bay, Lake Michigan. Ann Arbor, Mich: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1990.

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Schrader, David L. Suspended-sediment budget, flow distribution, and lake circulation for the Fox Chain of Lakes in Lake and McHenry counties, Illinois, 1997-99. De Kalb, Ill: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.

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Schrader, David L. Suspended-sediment budget, flow distribution, and lake circulation for the Fox Chain of Lakes in Lake and McHenry counties, Illinois, 1997-99. De Kalb, Ill: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lakes – Circulation"

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Myrbo, Amy, Rhodes W. Fairbridge, Hans Sampl, Mikhail V. Bolgov, Jacques Lemoalle, Jean-Claude Bader, Marc Leblanc, et al. "Circulation Processes in Lakes." In Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs, 160–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4410-6_8.

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Dobby, Simon, David Bradley, Anders Stigebrandt, Lars Bengtsson, Adebayo J. Adeloye, and Hans Bergh. "Hydrodynamics and Circulation of Fjords." In Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs, 327–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4410-6_247.

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Hutter, Kolumban, Yongqi Wang, and Irina P. Chubarenko. "Subgrid-Scale Parameterization in Numerical Simulations of Lake Circulation." In Physics of Lakes, 173–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00473-0_27.

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Boehrer, Bertram, Christoph von Rohden, and Martin Schultze. "Physical Features of Meromictic Lakes: Stratification and Circulation." In Ecology of Meromictic Lakes, 15–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49143-1_2.

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Podsetchine, V., T. Huttula, and H. Savijärvi. "A three dimensional-circulation model of Lake Tanganyika." In From Limnology to Fisheries: Lake Tanganyika and Other Large Lakes, 25–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1622-2_2.

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Bengtsson, Lars. "Circulation and Mixing in Ice-Covered Lakes." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 139–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_607.

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Farmer, D., J. Gemmrich, and V. Polonichko. "Velocity, temperature and spatial structure of Langmuir circulation." In Physical Processes in Lakes and Oceans, 87–100. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ce054p0087.

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Lemmin, Ulrich, Brian V. Timms, Jónas Elíasson, Yerubandi R. Rao, Reginald W. Herschy, and Reginald W. Herschy. "Great Lake Processes: Thermal Structure, Circulation and Turbulent Diffusion Processes." In Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs, 298–303. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4410-6_266.

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Henderson, F. "Stratification and Circulation in Kainji Lake." In Man-Made Lakes: Their Problems and Environmental Effects, 489–94. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm017p0489.

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Rhines, P. B. "Circulation, covection and mixing in rotating, stratified basins with sloping topography." In Physical Processes in Lakes and Oceans, 209–26. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ce054p0209.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lakes – Circulation"

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Kitazawa, Daisuke, Takero Yoshida, Jinxin Zhou, and Sanggyu Park. "Comparative Study on Vertical Circulation in Deep Lakes: Lake Biwa and Lake Ikeda." In 2018 OCEANS - MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Ocean (OTO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanskobe.2018.8558877.

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Spall, Robert E., Brandon Wilson, and Eric Callister. "A Three-Dimensional, Time-Dependent Circulation Model of Utah Lake." In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88350.

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The thermal behavior of Utah Lake, situated in northern Utah, is modeled over a spring-to-fall period using environmental forcing data from the year 2007. Results compare favorably with previously obtained data for temperature distributions around the lake during midsummer 2007. During the spring months, when experimental data is not available, the model predicts strong and rapid variations in the water temperature, which correlate well with significant storms on the lake. A heat balance shows that the largest components of heat fluxes into and out of the lake are due to short wave solar and evaporative cooling, respectively. Both numerical and experimental results also indicate that, due to the shallow nature of the lake and occurrence of significant wind events, thermal stratification is never achieved.
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Georgiou, Ioannis, and J. Alex McCorquodale. "Stratification and Circulation in Lake Pontchartrain." In Seventh International Conference on Estuarine and Coastal Modeling. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40628(268)9.

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Rueda, F. J., E. A. Cowen, A. R. Blake, and K. L. Kull. "Circulation and Exchange in a Small Subembayment of Lake Ontario." In Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods Specialty Conference (HMEM) 2002. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40655(2002)61.

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Nam, Kijin, and Mustafa M. Aral. "Optimal Sensor Placement for Wind-Driven Circulation Environment in a Lake." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)163.

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Park, Hyoseon, Dongwoo Jang, and Jiseong Jeong. "A Numerical Analysis on Water Circulation Efficiency Improvement in Artificial Lake." In Information Technology and Computer Science 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.136.30.

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Chao, Xiaobo, and Yafei Jia. "Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Flow Circulations in Lake Pontchartrain." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)133.

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Jin, Qiannan, Aiju You, and Haibo Xu. "A study on the optimized hydraulic circulation system of the artificial lake." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering (ICCAE2016). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116259-117.

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Cheng, Ralph T., Jeffrey W. Gartner, and Tamara Wood. "Modeling and Model Validation of Wind-Driven Circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426.

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Bowman, Charles F. "The Oriented Spray Cooling System for Supplementing Cooling Lakes." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3011.

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With ever-increasing ambient temperatures many electric power plants that employ cooling lakes to reject their waste heat into the environment are struggling to maintain reasonable turbine backpressures during the hot summer months when electric load demand is often the greatest. Some consider adding mechanical draft cooling towers (MDCT) to further cool the condenser circulating water (CCW) prior to entering the main condenser, but the additional auxiliary power required to drive MDCT fans often consume the additional generator output resulting from the lower backpressure. Spray ponds offer significant advantages over MDCT including superior simplicity and operability, lower power requirements, and lower capital and maintenance costs. The Oriented Spray Cooling System (OSCS) is an evolutionary spray pond design. Unlike a conventional spray pond in which spray nozzles are arranged in a flat bed and spray upward, blocking the ambient air flow to the spray region as it travels down to the pond below, the OSCS nozzles are mounted on spray trees arranged in a circle and are tilted at an angle oriented towards the center of the circle. As a result, the water droplets drag air into the spray region while the warm air concentrated in the center of the circle rises. Both of these effects work together to increase air flow through the spray region. Increased air flow reduces the local wet-bulb temperature (LWBT) of the air in the spray pattern, promoting heat transfer and more efficient cooling. During the late 1970’s the author developed a purely analytical model to predict the thermal performance of the OSCS which was successfully compared with the OSCS at the Columbia Generating Station (CGS) in the mid 1980’s. This paper describes how the OSCS may be employed to supplement the cooling capacity of an existing cooling lake to reduce the temperature of the CCW prior to entering a power plant, resulting in lower main condenser pressures and more net plant output.
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Reports on the topic "Lakes – Circulation"

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Suspended-sediment budget, flow distribution, and lake circulation for the Fox Chain of Lakes in Lake and McHenry Counties, Illinois, 1997-99. US Geological Survey, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri004115.

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