Journal articles: 'Lamellar compound'

1

Yunrong, Ren, Xu Ya, Sun Zuqing, and Chen Guoliang. "Site Occupation of Ternary Element in an Alti Compound by Alchemi." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100135691.

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Site occupation of alloying additions in AlTi compounds is important for high temperature alloys development. In this paper, we intend to locate the ternary element Nb in an AITi compound using the ALCHEMI technique. With the L10_type structure, the planes of either (110) or (001) are composed of Al and Ti atoms alterately. Therefore, the ternary element dissolved in the AITi compound can be easily located by ALCHEMI technique[1,2].A Specimen of 51.1 at%Al-41.5at%Ti-7.4at%Nb alloy was used. The structure of this specimen is composed of AlTi, Ti3Al, and other intermetallic compounds which were examined by x_ray diffraction and electron diffraction. The electron micrograph of Fig. 1 shows the compounds structure with lamellar features. Lamellae of AlTi phase of about 1 μm in width were chosen for analysis. The composition of this AlTi phase is about 45at%Al, 44at%Ti, and 11 at%Nb by x_ray analysis in non_channelling condition.

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Dorset, Douglas L. "How Different are the Crystal Structures of Chiral and Racemic Diacylphosphatidylethanolamines?" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 43, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1988): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1988-5-601.

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Both chiral and racemic phosphatidylethanolamines are known to crystallize in a similar polymorphic form with nearly the same lamellar spacing; yet published lamellar X-ray diffraction intensity data for those materials do not agree with one another, even though the peak positions in Patterson maps are nearly the same. Translational structural searches based on the crystal structure of the racemic compound also lead to similar packing models with both data sets, although the agreement between model and observed data is poor for the chiral compound. A separate analysis of ʟ-DMPE based on lamellar electron diffraction data again leads to a similar lamellar structure with a better agreement between calculated and observed structure factors. The major difference seen for enantiomeric vs. racemic compounds is that, for the racemic lipid, the lateral unit cell spacings are about 3% larger than the chiral form, perhaps indicating a more stable hydrogen bonding network, in agreement with the higher melting point of the racemic compound. Attempts to explain this difference with other head group conformations, however, have not yet produced an improved structural model.

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Saito, Yukie. "The Lamellar Compound from β Chitin." Kobunshi 55, no. 7 (2006): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.55.500.

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Jakubec, Martin, Christian Totland, Frode Rise, Elahe Jafari Chamgordani, Britt Paulsen, Louis Maes, An Matheeussen, Lise-Lotte Gundersen, and Øyvind Halskau. "Bioactive Metabolites of Marine Origin Have Unusual Effects on Model Membrane Systems." Marine Drugs 18, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18020125.

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Marine sponges and soft corals have yielded novel compounds with antineoplastic and antimicrobial activities. Their mechanisms of action are poorly understood, and in most cases, little relevant experimental evidence is available on this topic. In the present study, we investigated whether agelasine D (compound 1) and three agelasine analogs (compound 2–4) as well as malonganenone J (compound 5), affect the physical properties of a simple lipid model system, consisting of dioleoylphospahtidylcholine and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine. The data indicated that all the tested compounds increased stored curvature elastic stress, and therefore, tend to deform the bilayer which occurs without a reduction in the packing stress of the hexagonal phase. Furthermore, lower concentrations (1%) appear to have a more pronounced effect than higher ones (5–10%). For compounds 4 and 5, this effect is also reflected in phospholipid headgroup mobility assessed using 31P chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) values of the lamellar phases. Among the compounds tested, compound 4 stands out with respect to its effects on the membrane model systems, which matches its efficacy against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Future work that aims to increase the pharmacological usefulness of these compounds could benefit from taking into account the compound effects on the fluid lamellar phase at low concentrations.

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Lybeer, Bieke, and Gerald Koch. "A Topocuemical and Semiquantitative Study of The Lignification During Ageing of Bamboo Culms (Phyllostachys Viridiglaucescens)." IAWA Journal 26, no. 1 (2005): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001605.

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The lignification of Phyllostachys viridiglaucescens (Carr.) Riv. & Riv. during ageing was studied topochemically by means of UV microspectrophotometry. The study revealed that p-coumaric and ferulic acids are widely distributed in P. viridiglaucescens and that their content is dependent on the anatomicallocation and the differentiation phase. The lignin in the epidermal cell wall is deposited early in the development and does not increase with age. This is in contrast with the fibres and the ground parenchyma cells where an increasing trend in lignification during the first year is shown. The early maturing fibres of the vascular bundles reveal a maximum absorbance value at 280 nm (guaiacyl peak) whereas the late maturing fibres displaya shoulder at 310-320 nm in young culms and a guaiacyl peak in older culms. The S2 fibre wall has a lamellar structure with an increasing lignin content from the centre towards the compound middle lamella. The compound middle lamellae show higher absorbance values and are richer in p-coumaric and ferulic acid esters in comparison to the S2 wall layers. The vessel walls have a low lignin content.

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Ouili, Z., A. Leblanc, and P. Colombet. "Crystal structure of a new lamellar compound:." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 66, no. 1 (January 1987): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(87)90223-4.

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Hasegawa, Makoto, Tomohiro Inui, and Ivo Dlouhý. "Effect of Heat Treatment at (β+γ) Two Phase Region on Fracture Toughness in TiAl Intermetallic Compound." Key Engineering Materials 810 (July 2019): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.810.21.

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Effects of holding temperature and time at (β+γ) two phase region on the microstructure of fully lamellar Ti-46Al-7Nb-0.7Cr-0.2Ni-0.1Si (mol%) intermetallic compounds are studies. Fully lamellar microstructure is observed after homogenization heat treatment for 3.6 ks at 1643 K (α single phase state). Fine β phased grains precipitate at fully lamellar structure after heat treatment of homogenized material at 1373 K. Holding the homogenized material for 72 ks at 1373 K decompose partially the lamellar structure. Heat treatment of homogenized material at 1273 K also precipitates the fine β phased grains in fully lamellar structure. In this temperature range, decomposition of lamellar structure is not observed up to 72 ks heat treatment. The toughness of homogenized material is ~ 15 MPa√m. Heat treatment of homogenized material at 1373 K and 1273 K for 3.6 ks indicates maximum fracture toughness in each temperature range. This may due to the precipitation of fine β phased grains. The fracture toughness decreases with the increase in heat treatment time up to 18 ks and/or 36 ks. Then, the value of fracture toughness became constant. Specimens heat treated at 1373 K for 36 ks and 72 ks indicate lower toughness than homogenized material. However, when the specimens are heat treated at 1273 K for 36 ks and 72 ks, the toughness is higher than that of homogenized material. This change is due to the decomposition of the lamellar structure.

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Sakurai, Koji, Makoto Hasegawa, and Ivo Dlouhý. "Fracture Toughness of Massively Transformed and Subsequently Heat Treated TiAl Intermetallic Compound." Key Engineering Materials 741 (June 2017): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.741.25.

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The effects of massive transformation and subsequent heat treatments on the microstructure of Ti-46Al-7Nb-0.7Cr-0.2Ni-0.1Si (mol%) intermetallic compounds are studied. Massive transformation occurs at the center region of the specimen by cooling from α single phase state. At the surface side of the specimen, α phase has remained. Fine convoluted microstructure with α2, γ phases and lamellar structure has formed by heating at (α+γ) two phase state after massive transformation. Colony size or grain size is about 25 μm. Fine fully lamellar structure is obtained after heat treatment of convoluted microstructure at α phase for 60 s. Fracture toughness seems to be increasing with the increase in lamellar colony size. However, some massively transformed specimens show lower toughness due to the formation of microdamage present in samples before the test.

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Lybeer, Bieke, and Gerald Koch. "Lignin Distribution in the Tropical Bamboo Species Gigantochloa Levis." IAWA Journal 26, no. 4 (2005): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000126.

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The lignin distribution within the cell walls of Gigantochloa levis was studied topochemically by means of TEM and cellular UV microspectrophotometry. The distribution of lignin structural units in different anatomical regions is described and lignification of the tropical bamboo species Gigantochloa levis is compared with that of the temperate bamboo species Phyllostachys viridiglaucescens. Considerable differences were found in cell wall structure between fibres adjacent to the vascular tissue, fibres of free fibre strands and parenchyma cells. The S2 fibre wall in general has a lamellar structure with an increasing lignin content from the centre towards the compound middle lamella. P-coumaric and ferulic acids are more widely distributed in G. levis and their content depends on the anatomical location. The early maturing fibres adjacent to the vascular tissue and at the outer culm wall reveal a maximum absorbance at 280 nm (guaiacyl peak) whereas the late maturing fibres display a shoulder at 310–320 nm. This is in contrast to P. viridiglaucescens where the late maturing fibres also show a maximum peak at 280 nm. The compound middle lamellae show higher absorbance values and are richer in p-coumaric and ferulic acid esters in comparison to the S2 wall layers. The vessel walls have a lower lignin content. A difference in lignin content between the various ages and between flowering and non-flowering culms could not be observed.

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10

Wang, Feng, Bai Qing Xiong, Yon Gan Zhang, Hong Wei Liu, Zhi Hui Li, and Xi Wu Li. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spray-Deposited Zn-30Al-1Cu Alloy." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.264.

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In this study, Zn-30Al-1Cu alloy was synthesized by the spray atomization and deposition technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy were studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and tensile tests. It can be seen that the microstructure of spray-deposited Zn-30Al-1Cu alloy is composed of the Zn/Al eutectoids and few compounds. The Zn/Al eutectoids were shown lamellar, particle and Chinese script morphologies. The compound phases in the microstructure of the spray-deposited alloy were examined. The property test results indicate that the spray-deposited Zn-30Al-1Cu alloy displays superior tensile strength.

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11

Dlouhý, Ivo, Luděk Stratil, Hiroshi Fukutomi, and Makoto Hasegawa. "Crack Resistance Characterization in TiAl Intermetallics with Enhanced Toughness." Key Engineering Materials 741 (June 2017): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.741.13.

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The paper is focused on the analysis of the role of lamellar microstructure in fracture performance of model TiAl intermetallic compound. Coarse lamellar colonies and, at the same time, fine lamellar morphology were prepared by compressive deformation at 1553 K (region of stable α phase in TiAl equilibrium diagram) followed by controlled cooling to 1473 K (region of α+g phase) with delay on this temperature and then cooling down. The fracture toughness was evaluated by means of chevron notch technique. In addition, because of enhanced toughness, crack resistance curves were obtained by load - unload technique of pre-racked beams, namely in two directions of crack propagation relative to lamellar structure. Extensive development of shear ligament toughening mechanism was observed in fracture surfaces leading to quite good fracture toughness thanks to the heat treatment applied.

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de Farias, Robson F., and Claudio Airoldi. "Synthesis and characterization of an VOPO4–polyaniline lamellar hybrid compound." Solid State Sciences 5, no. 4 (April 2003): 611–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1293-2558(03)00046-3.

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13

Renaudin, Guillaume, Michel Francois, and Omer Evrard. "Order and disorder in the lamellar hydrated tetracalcium monocarboaluminate compound." Cement and Concrete Research 29, no. 1 (January 1999): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(98)00184-7.

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14

Le Nagard, N., A. Perrin, M. Sergent, and C. Levy-Clement. "Photoelectrochemical properties of Re6Se8Cl2 a lamellar transition metal cluster compound." Materials Research Bulletin 20, no. 7 (July 1985): 835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(85)90063-7.

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15

Castelletto, Valeria, Ann M. Chippindale, Ian W. Hamley, Sarah Barnett, Abshar Hasan, and King Hang Aaron Lau. "Crystallization and lamellar nanosheet formation of an aromatic dipeptoid." Chemical Communications 55, no. 42 (2019): 5867–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc02335f.

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Wołczynski, W. "Thermodynamic Pattern Selection in the Stripes Generated Periodically During the (Zn) – Single Crystal Growth." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10172-012-0187-0.

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The (Zn) - hexagonal single crystal growth was performed by the Bridgman system. Some eutectic stripes were generated periodically in the single crystal. The stripes consisted of the strengthening inter-metallic compound, Zn16Ti and (Zn) - solid solution. Two morphology transitions were recorded. At the first threshold growth rate, L-shape irregular rods transformed into regular lamellar structure. The transition was accompanied by the irregular into regular morphology alteration. The regular lamella into regular rods transition occurred at the second threshold growth rate. The new, proposed thermodynamic pattern selection criterion (PSC) of the lower minimum entropy production was applied to describe the structural transitions. The solid/liquid interface perturbation of the (Zn) - phase was referred to the marginal stability.

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17

CESÁRIO, Moisés Rômolos, Franciel Aureliano BEZERRA, and Cícero Bosco Alves de LIMA. "INCORPORATION OF THE POLYPHENOLOXIDADE ENZYME IN LAMELLAR CALCIUM PHOSPHATE." Periódico Tchê Química 12, no. 24 (January 20, 2013): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v11.n20-21.2013.15_periodico20e21_pgs_15_25.pdf.

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The present investigation deals the production, purification and incorporation of the enzyme polyphenoloxidase (PPO), from yam crude extracted (Alocasia macrorhiza), on exfoliated calcium phosphate with tetrabutylammonium, it was followed by a subsequent treatment with cellulose acetate. The X-ray diffractogram shows an amorphous exfoliated calcium phosphate compound after adding the enzyme solution. In the thermogravimetric curve this final compound presented also mass losses due to the output of the enzyme polyphenoloxidase and through infrared spectrum were identified the bands assigned to NH bonds at 1550 cm-1 and at 1600 cm-1. Also bands at 1040 and 1200 cm-1 related to phosphate stretching groups. The intercalation process occurs because of change in crystallinity of the phosphate with the addition of PPO.

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Fu, Li, Qi Chi Le, Pei Li Gou, Xi Bo Wang, and Xuan Liu. "Effects of Ca and RE Additions on the Precipitation and Microstructure of As-Cast AZ91 Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.30.

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The effect of Ca and RE metal additions on the precipitation and microstructure of as-cast AZ91 alloy was systematically investigated. It was found that Ca and RE additions could result in phase and microstructure changes. The XRD pattern showed the crystallite phase of as-cast AZ91 alloys consists of α-Mg matrix and β-Mg17Al12, however, after adding 1.5wt. % Ca and 0.8wt. % RE (0.5wt. % Sm and 0.3wt. % La), peaks coincident with Al2Ca, Al2Sm and Al11La3 intermetallic compounds were found, suggesting the generation of relative precipitates. The SEM images indicated that in as-cast alloys, the Al2Ca intermetallic compound was located at grain boundaries with a lamellar structure, and the Al2Sm intermetallic compound was homogeneously distributed in the α-Mg matrix or near the grain boundaries with a polygonal structure, and the Al11La3 intermetallic compound was located at grain boundaries with a needlelike structure. These intermetallic compounds could reduce the amount of β-Mg17Al12 and refine the microstructure of as-cast AZ91 alloy.

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Zięba, Paweł, Mateusz Chronowski, Jarosław Opara, Olga A. Kogtenkova, and Boris B. Straumal. "Discontinuous Dissolution Reaction in a Fe-13.5 at. % Zn Alloy." Materials 14, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081939.

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The dissolution process of a lamellar structure with α and Γ phases formed during a discontinuous precipitation reaction is investigated here with a Fe-13.5 at. % Zn alloy by means of optical microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The α phase is a solute-depleted solid solution and the Γ phase is the intermetallic compound Fe3Zn10. The examination reveals that the dissolution occurs in a discontinuous mode by a receding of the former reaction front of the discontinuous precipitation towards the position of the original grain boundary. A new solid solution in the post-dissolution area is especially inhomogeneous and reflects the former locations of the Γ lamellae (“ghost images”) and the receding reaction front (“ghost lines”). A simulation procedure is applied to determine the Zn concentration profiles left in the post-dissolution region. Their shapes are mostly affected by the Zn content at the positions where the Γ lamellae have just been dissolved, which was also confirmed by the quantitative microchemical analysis.

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20

Guillon, D., B. Heinrich, A. C. Ribeiro, C. Cruz, and H. T. Nguyen. "Thermotropic Lamellar-to-Columnar Phase Transition Exhibited by a Biforked Compound." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 317, no. 1 (July 1998): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259808047105.

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21

Kaneko, Fumitoshi, Aurel Radulescu, and Koichi Ute. "Time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering study on guest-exchange processes in co-crystals of syndiotactic polystyrene." Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576713030343.

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Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) occupies a peculiar position among crystalline polymers: it forms co-crystals with many different kinds of chemical compounds, where the molecules are confined as guests in the regularly arranged cavities surrounded by the side phenyl groups. The guest molecules can be replaced smoothly by exposure to a vapour or a liquid of another compound, keeping the framework of the host polymer crystallites. It has been confirmed that the guest-exchange procedure is an effective way to incorporate a variety of chemical species into the crystalline region of syndiotactic polystyrene. In order to elucidate its characteristics, the guest-exchange process in co-crystals of syndiotactic polystyrene has been studied byin situtime-resolved small-angle neutron scattering measurements, exploiting the scattering length difference between fully protonated and deuterated isotopologues of guest compounds and employing fully deuterated syndiotactic polystyrene as the host matrix to avoid strong incoherent scattering. In this study, the guest-exchange process induced by exposure to the gas of small guest molecules was followed by monitoring of the reflections from crystalline lamellae. The lamellar reflections showed significant variations in intensity during the guest exchange, from which the diffusion coefficients of the guest molecules in the crystalline region could be evaluated.

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22

Wen, Cun, Yi Liu, Yun Guo, Yanqin Wang, and Guanzhong Lu. "Synthesis of the rare earth compound nanosheets induced by lamellar liquid crystal." Solid State Sciences 11, no. 11 (November 2009): 1985–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2009.07.007.

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23

Renaudin, G., and M. François. "The lamellar double-hydroxide (LDH) compound with composition 3CaO.Al2O3.Ca(NO3)2.10H2O." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 55, no. 6 (June 15, 1999): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270199003066.

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Humbert, A., F. Salvan, and C. Mouttet. "A lamellar III-VI semiconductor compound (GaSe) investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy." Surface Science Letters 181, no. 1-2 (March 1987): A96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(87)90738-9.

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Humbert, A., F. Salvan, and C. Mouttet. "A lamellar III–VI semiconductor compound (GaSe) investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy." Surface Science 181, no. 1-2 (March 1987): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(87)90171-3.

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26

Nochovnaya, N. A., V. I. Ivanov, and L. Yu Avilochev. "INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND AlxTi – ARE PROMISING MATERIAL FOR HIGH ELEVATED TEMPERATURES (review) Part 1. The crystaline structure and properties of the intermetallic compound Al2Ti." Proceedings of VIAM, no. 3 (2021): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2307-6046-2021-0-3-28-43.

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The Al2Ti intermetallic compound is the most promising base for high-temperature alloys designed for advanced power plants. This work provides an overview of the structures of binary alloys concerning to the Ti–Al system, as well as the phase transformation mechanisms and the peculiarities of plastic deformation of alloys. The alloys which phase composition is represented by a mixture of r-Al2Ti+γ-TiAl with a lamellar structure show anomalous mechanical properties depending on texture formation and grain size. These alloys possess increased strength and decreased plasticity at elevated temperatures.

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Zerbe, Eva-Maria, Matthias Freytag, Peter G. Jones, and Armand Blaschette. "Polysulfonylamine, CLXXIX [1]. Intermolekulare Wechselwirkungen in kristallinen Di(organosulfonyl)aminen. Teil 4 [2]. Di(4-iodbenzolsulfonyl)amin und zwei Methylpyridinium-di(4-iodbenzolsulfonyl)amide: Iod-Sauerstoff vs. Iod-Iod-Wechselwirkungen / Polysulfonylamines, CLXXIX [1]. Intermolecular Interactions in Crystalline Di(organosulfonyl) amines. Part 4 [2]. Di(4-iodobenzenesulfonyl)amine and Two Methylpyridinium Di(4-iodobenzenesulfonyl) amides: Iodine-Oxygen vs. Iodine-Iodine Interactions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 1157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-0909.

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Low-temperature X-ray structures and crystal packing arrangements are presented for di(4-iodobenzenesulfonyl)amine (4, monoclinic, P21/c, Z ' = 1, isostructural to a previously described dimorph of the corresponding bromo homologue), 2,4-dimethylpyridinium di(4- iodobenzenesulfonyl)amide (5, monoclinic, P21/n, Z ' = 1, isostructural to the corresponding bromo compound), and 3-methylpyridinium di(4-iodobenzenesulfonyl)amide (6, orthorhombic, Pna21, Z '= 1). The packing of 4 consists of non-lamellar layers, in which the molecules are connected by N-H···O hydrogen bonds in one and by Iδ+···Oδ− interactions in the other dimension. Structure 5 involves strands of formula units, whereby the anions form catemers via Iδ+···Oδ− interactions and the cations are isotactically connected to the anion backbone by an N+-H(···O)2 three-centre bond. Short I···I contacts are absent from structures 4 and 5. In contrast, structure 6 displays lamellar layers comprising an inner lamella of cations and N(SO2)2 groups connected by an N+-H···N− two-centre bond, and peripheral regions of 4-iodophenyl rings. Thus, the iodine atoms are efficiently shielded from the oxygen atoms, but in appropriate positions to form Iδ+···Iδ− interlayer contacts. Each structure is reinforced by a parallel-displaced π···π stacking arrangement of aromatic rings and an abundance of short C-H···A contacts (A = acceptor).

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Araujo, A. C. P. C. de, and M. G. Cavalcante. "Effect of divalent chloride salts on lamellar silica conductivity." Cerâmica 59, no. 352 (December 2013): 588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132013000400015.

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Silica is an important raw material in the production of soluble silicates, silicon and its derivatives: silicon carbide and silicone, which are converted into the lamellar form using the sol-gel process. This compound, which has been extensively studied because it is structurally organized, can be used for selective adsorption of toxic substances or immobilization of photo-active species. Impedance spectroscopy was used in a study of the electrical properties of lamellar silica doped with the following metal salts: nickel chloride, manganese chloride, and copper chloride, in order to observe the cation effect in their structure. In this study, the following order of conductivity was obtained: manganese chloride nickel chloride copper chloride. This effect was also observed using X-ray diffraction analysis.

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de, Farias, and Claudio Airoldi. "Some insights into the reactivity of oxovanadium phosphate: Synthesis and characterization of an VOPO4-H2N(CH2)3NH2 coordination compound." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 70, no. 11 (2005): 1283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0511283f.

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The lamellar matrix of VOPO4?2H2O was used as the host species to prepare a VOPO4-1,3-diaminopropane coordination compound. The oxovanadium matrix and the synthesized hybrid were characterized by elemental analysis, infared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffractometry and SEM microscopy. The elemental analysis results, as well as the X-ray diffraction patterns and quantum chemical calculations, strongly suggest that the synthesized matrix is an equimolar (1:1) mixture of two compounds with the formulas VOPO4?[H 2N-(CH2)3-NH2] and VOPO4?[H2N-(CH2)3-NH2]0.5. The SEM micrographs obtained for the VOPO4- diaminopropane hybrid matrix show that the microstructure of VOPO4?2H2O is changed after reaction, with an overall exfoliation of the oxovanadium matrix.

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Tabata, Hiroyukt, Zenjiro Yajima, Toshihiko Sasaki, and Yukio Hirose. "Application of X-Ray Examination to Fracture Surface of Ti A1 Intermetallic Compound." Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800015846.

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Titanium aluminide base allays are new materials of interest with exellent potential for high temperature structural applications. Several studies on the fracture toughness of these alloys have been reported and the beneficial effect of lamellar microstructure consisting of Ti3Al(α2) and TiAl(γ) has been detected. While these studies indicate such an enhancement of the fracture toughness is caused by micro-crack toughening, SEM observation alone is insufficient to clarify the fracture mechanism.

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Panahi, Yunes, Mostafa Naderi, Shahbaz Nekoozadeh, Seyyed Mahdi Rajaee, and Amirhossein Sahebkar. "The Effectiveness of Different Treatment Modalities for the Management of Ocular Injuries Following Sulfur Mustard Exposure." Letters in Drug Design & Discovery 15, no. 2 (January 30, 2018): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570180814666170607145714.

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Background: Mustard gas or sulfur mustard (dichloro-3-thiapentane-1,5) is a chemical compound consisting of chlorine and sulfur which was used as a chemical weapon in the First World War and during the war between Iran and Iraq. Mustard gas is a lipophilic compound that is highly poisonous and can quickly penetrate into body tissues. Eye is one of the body organs that is quite vulnerable to this compound. The present study was conducted to review the effectiveness of various treatments for ocular injuries caused by sulfur mustard. Methods: In this review, therapeutic effects of anti-inflammatory drugs such as dexamethasone, diclofenac, betamethasone and their combination, as well as surgical interventions based on stem cells and different methods of keratoplasty [e.g. penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), lamellar keratoplasty (LKP), and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK)] were assessed. Results: As the results indicated, combinatorial therapeutic approaches are more successful compared with single therapeutic measures. It has been reported that utilization of anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac, dexamethasone and betamethasone can control the initial symptoms. In addition, keratolimbal allograft stem cell transplantation methods along with LKP and PKP keratoplasty methods can lead to considerable therapeutic success. Conclusion: Considering the involvement of multiple abnormalities in the pathogenesis of sulfur mustard-induced chronic ocular complications, combinatorial therapeutic approaches appear to be more efficacious.

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Gary Kirk, R., Ping Lee, and Mark J. Reasor. "Iodine as a Tracer for Intracellular Drug Localization: X-Ray Microanalysis." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 354–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010013537x.

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The antiarrhythmic drug, amiodarone. is a cationic amphiphilic compound which can cause cellular lipidosis and pulmonary toxicity. It contains two atoms of iodine per molecule. We have previosly reported our results on the use of x-ray microanalysis to quantitatively measure the subcellular distribution of iodine in rat alveolar macrophages following a single adminstration of the drug. We found small amounts of iodine throughout the alveolar macrophages. The major accumulations were observed in the lipid lamellar structures, which were of lysosomal origin and appeared as amorphous bodies in freeze-dried cryosection. More recently we have examined the effects of long-term treatment of one week and nine weeks with amiodarone. Severe lipidosis in the alveolar macrophages occurred after one week treatment with amiodarone (Fig.l). Substantial changes in iodine distribution occurred in cells with increasing length of drug treatment. In addition to the high concentrations of iodine in the lamellar bodies, the iodine levels in the nuclei slowly increased with the length of treatment, and after 9 weeks of treatment, approached the high levels found in the lamellar bodies.

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Fathi, Leila, Arno Frühwald, and Gerald Koch. "Distribution of lignin in vascular bundles of coconut wood (Cocos nucifera) by cellular UV-spectroscopy and relationship between lignification and tensile strength in single vascular bundles." Holzforschung 68, no. 8 (December 1, 2014): 915–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2013-0213.

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Abstract The topochemical distribution of lignin in vascular bundles separated from different radial positions of Mexican coconut wood stems (Cocos nucifera) has been studied with focus on the relationship between the degree of lignification and tensile strength properties. The cellular lignin distribution was analyzed by UV-microspectrophotometry (UMSP) scanning at 280 nm of sections of vascular bundles (VBs) of 1 μm thickness. The fibers of the VBs with high tensile strength reveal a relatively low UV-absorbance at 280 nm (A280 nm 0.39), whereas the VBs with low tensile strength display the highest A280 nm (0.59). The S2 of fiber walls are characterized by the typical lamellar structure with increasing lignin contents from the cell lumen towards the compound middle lamellae (CML). The A280 nm data of CMLs are higher (0.67 to 0.87) than those of the S2 wall layers. Overall, the A280 nm values of S2 of fibers walls within single VBs of coconut are in the range of 0.36 to 0.59.

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Fukutomi, Hiroshi, Kyu Seop Park, Takayoshi Iseki, and T. Takahashi. "Control of Lamellar Arrangement in TiAl Intermetallic Compound by Mechanical and Thermal Processes." Materials Science Forum 426-432 (August 2003): 1703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.426-432.1703.

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Biermann, D., M. Kirschner, H. J. Maier, F. W. Bach, K. Möhwald, and J. Schaup. "Active brazed ceramic cemented carbide compound drills for machining lamellar graphite cast iron." Production Engineering 8, no. 3 (April 23, 2014): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11740-014-0547-x.

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Roszell, Blair R., Jian-Qin Tao, Kevin J. Yu, Shaohui Huang, and Sandra R. Bates. "Characterization of the Niemann-Pick C pathway in alveolar type II cells and lamellar bodies of the lung." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 302, no. 9 (May 1, 2012): L919—L932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00383.2011.

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The Niemann-Pick C (NPC) pathway plays an essential role in the intracellular trafficking of cholesterol by facilitating the release of lipoprotein-derived sterol from the lumen of lysosomes. Regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis is of particular importance to lung alveolar type II cells because of the need for production of surfactant with an appropriate lipid composition. We performed microscopic and biochemical analysis of NPC proteins in isolated rat type II pneumocytes. NPC1 and NPC2 proteins were present in the lung, isolated type II cells in culture, and alveolar macrophages. The glycosylated and nonglycosylated forms of NPC1 were prominent in the lung and the lamellar body organelles. Immunocytochemical analysis of isolated type II pneumocytes showed localization of NPC1 to the limiting membrane of lamellar bodies. NPC2 and lysosomal acid lipase were found within these organelles, as confirmed by z-stack analysis of confocal images. All three proteins also were identified in small, lysosome-like vesicles. In the presence of serum, pharmacological inhibition of the NPC pathway with compound U18666A resulted in doubling of the cholesterol content of the type II cells. Filipin staining revealed a striking accumulation of cholesterol within lamellar bodies. Thus the NPC pathway functions to control cholesterol accumulation in lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes and, thereby, may play a role in the regulation of surfactant cholesterol content.

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Zhang, Chunyang, Haile Yan, Yudong Zhang, Claude Esling, Xiang Zhao, and Liang Zuo. "Crystal structure and crystallographic characteristics of martensite in Ni50Mn38Sb12 alloys." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 2 (March 8, 2016): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716002296.

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For Ni–Mn–Sb ferromagnetic multifunctional alloys, the crystal structures of martensite variants and the orientation relationships between them are decisive factors for their magnetic field-induced behaviours and are hence of importance. Such information has rarely been reported in the literature. In the present work, the crystal structure, microstructure and orientation relationships of Ni–Mn–Sb martensite were thoroughly investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Through XRD analyses, the crystal structure of the martensite, including the crystal system, the space group, the lattice parameters and the atomic coordinates, was fully resolved. The structure is orthorhombic and can be represented with a 4O superstructure. EBSD analyses show that the Ni–Mn–Sb martensite has a lamellar form. One martensite lamella corresponds to one orientation variant. The lamellae are organized in long plate-shaped colonies. Within each colony, four distinct orientation variants (A, B, C and D) appear repeatedly and extend in roughly the same direction. The four variants are twin related to one another, with variants A and C (or variants B and D) forming a type I twin, variants A and B (or C and D) a type II twin, and variants A and D (or B and C) a compound twin. The complete twinning elements for each twin relation were thus fully determined. The interfaces between the variants were identified to be their corresponding twinning planes. All these results provide fundamental information for Ni–Mn–Sb alloys that is useful for interpreting their magnetic and mechanical characteristics.

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Rzychoń, Tomasz, Andrzej Kiełbus, and Grzegorz Dercz. "Structure Refinement of the Multi-Phase Mg-Al-Sr Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 163 (June 2010): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.163.169.

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The AJ63 magnesium alloy contains 6 wt.% aluminum and 3 wt.% strontium. The typical microstructure of this alloy contains grains of solid solution of magnesium, lamellar precipitation of Al4Sr phase and massive-type phase. This phase was tentatively named Al3Mg13Sr and its crystal structure is not yet clearly determined. Paper presents the results of Rietveld fitting for AJ63 magnesium alloy and model of the crystal structure for Al3Mg13Sr compound.

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Li, Ying Hong, Bo Song, and Ning Wang. "Study on the Solidified Microstructures of AZ61 Magnesium Alloys under Electromagnetic Fields." Applied Mechanics and Materials 331 (July 2013): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.331.421.

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The solidified microstructures of AZ61 magnesium alloy under different electromagnetic fields were investigated. Optical microstructure revealed that the solidified microstructure of AZ61 under single static magnetic field and combination of static magnetic field and alternating current (AC) consisted of basically equiaxed grains; when the alloy solidified under static magnetic field and direct current (DC), dendrite in solidified microstructure increases with certain orientation. The constituent phase at grain boundary consists of mainly magnesium matrix and continuous cellular compound under the static field, and the one consists of mainly magnesium matrix, cellular and spotted Mg-Al-Zn intermetallic compound under the action of static magnetic field and combination of static magnetic field and alternating current, the continuous cellular structure disappears thoroughly under static magnetic field and DC, compound in magnesium matrix distributes in discontinuous lamellar state.

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Cho, Young Hee, and Arne K. Dahle. "Catalysing Effect of Intermetallic Compounds on Hydrogen Desorption Kinetics in Cast Magnesium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2863.

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Magnesium based hydrogen storage materials were prepared by a conventional melting and casting technique. Characterisation of microstructure and hydrogen sorption properties of the alloys was carried out. Additions of Al, Cu and Ni lead to the formation of eutectic mixtures, Mg-Mg17Al12, Mg-Mg2Cu and Mg-Mg2Ni, respectively, with an inter-lamellar spacing of a few hundred nanometers. 3d and 4d transition metals were also added to Mg based alloys and were found to form intermetallic compounds that were homogeneously dispersed in the alloys. The dehydrogenation rate of the Mg alloys was quantitatively analysed in order to determine the rate-limiting step for the hydrogen desorption kinetics. The catalysing role of each intermetallic compound for the hydrogen desorption kinetics is further discussed.

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Im, Hansu, Myong Yong Choi, Cheol Joo Moon, and Tae Ho Kim. "Crystal structure ofN,N′-didecylpyromellitic diimide." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 6 (May 12, 2017): 838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989017006867.

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The title compound, C30H44N2O4[systematic name: 2,6-didecylpyrrolo[3,4-f]isoindole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetraone], consists of a central pyromellitic diimide moiety with terminal decyl groups at the N-atom positions. The centre of the molecule lies on a crystallographic inversion centre so the asymmetric unit contains one half-molecule. The molecule exhibits a rod-shaped conformation, like other similar compounds of this type, the distance between the ends of terminal decyl groups being 32.45 Å. The packing is dominated by a lamellar arrangement of the molecules, which is reinforced by C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—O...π interactions, forming a classic herringbone structure. The molecular structure is consistent with the theoretical calculations performed by density functional theory (DFT).

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Kim, Jong Sik, Jie Gao, Nasko Terziev, Ignazia Cuccui, and Geoffrey Daniel. "Chemical and ultrastructural changes of ash wood thermally modified using the thermo-vacuum process: I. Histo/cytochemical studies on changes in the structure and lignin chemistry." Holzforschung 69, no. 5 (July 1, 2015): 603–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0148.

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Abstract Changes in structure and lignin chemistry were investigated in ash wood thermally modified (TMW) by the thermo-vacuum (Termovuoto) process for 3 h at 190–220°C by means of light, fluorescence, and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy combined with histo/cytochemistry. Variation in changes in native cell color in TMWs was positively correlated with differences in lignin content between cell types and cell wall regions in the reference wood. Histochemical staining showed increasing amounts of acidic groups in TMWs with different response to ethanol extraction between secondary cell walls and CMLcc (compound middle lamella/middle lamella cell corner) regions. Fluorescence microscopy of TMWs and references showed a difference in intensity and color emission of lignin autofluorescence, reflecting modification of lignin in TMWs. Changes in histochemistry and fluorescence were prominent at and above 200°C. With TEM, increased intensity of lignin staining and distortion of fiber S1 layers were detected in TMW treated for 3 h at 220°C (TMW3 h, 220°C). TMW3 h, 220°C differed significantly in molecular ultrastructure of fiber cell walls compared to references, such as loss of the lamellar structure and size and distribution of lignin aggregates. The modification in CMLcc structure in ash TMW3 h, 220°C is different from that of softwoods.

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Park, H. S., S. W. Nam, N. J. Kim, and S. K. Hwang. "Refinement of the lamellar structure in TiAl-BASED intermetallic compound by addition of carbon." Scripta Materialia 41, no. 11 (November 1999): 1197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(99)00266-3.

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MOLDOVYAN, N. A. "ChemInform Abstract: Single Crystal Growth and Photoelectric Properties of a New Lamellar Compound AgGa2.5In2.5S8." ChemInform 23, no. 50 (September 1, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199250037.

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Echavarría, Adriana, and Sandra L. Amaya. "X-ray powder diffraction data for a new compound (NH4)H2Co2O(OH)(MoO4)1.6(WO4)0.4•H2O type ϕy." Powder Diffraction 33, no. 4 (September 20, 2018): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715618000672.

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A new trimetallic compound with formula (NH4)H2Co2O(OH)(MoO4)1.6(WO4)0.4•H2O and lamellar structure was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The solid was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential thermal (DTA) analyses, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR), laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA). Crystallographic studies showed that the solid crystallizes with hexagonal symmetry in space group R-3 m with a = 6.0807 and c = 21.7591 Å.

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Sugiyama, Kazumasa, Yoshio Waseda, Keiji Moroishi, Akihisa Inoue, and Tsuyoshi Masumoto. "Structural Study for a New Superconducting Phase in the Bi-Sr-Cu -O System." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 43, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1988-0601.

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A structural identification of the superconducting phase in the Bi-Sr-Cu-O system has been carried out by X-ray and electron diffraction. A lamellar oxide structure expressed by the formula Bi2(Bi, Sr)2CuOx with the orthorhombic a = 0.537 nm, b ≃ 5 · 0.537 nm and c = 2.463 nm (pseudotetragonal subcell a = 0.5369 (1) nm and c = 2.4627(5) nm) is found to be responsible for the superconductive property. The structural model of this compound is compared with the Aurivillius phases.

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Ai, Tao Tao, Fen Wang, and Chen Hui Yang. "Ti₂AlC/TiAl Matrix Intermetallic Compound Prepared by In Situ Hot Pressing." Key Engineering Materials 602-603 (March 2014): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.602-603.515.

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As the new structural material, TiAl intermetallic compound has great potential application in aerospace engine, energy and automotive fields. But the bottleneck problems including poor room temperature ductility and high-temperature oxidation resistance limit its application. Ti2AlC possesses an unusual combination of the merits of both metals and ceramics, which is considered the best reinforcement for TiAl intermetallic compound. In the present work, Ti2AlC/TiAl matrix intermetallic compound was successfully fabricated by in situ hot pressing method from the mixture of Ti/Al/TiC. The phase transitions were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure of the product was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ti reacted with Al liquids to form Ti-Al intermetallics below 900 °C firstly. With increasing temperature (above 900 °C), a part of TiAl intermetallics reacted with TiC to form Ti2AlC reinforcement. The as-sintered product presented dense and typical lamellar structure. The in-situ synthesized fine Ti2AlC contributed to improve the strength of TiAl matrix intermetallic compound.

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Sugiura, Kazumitsu, Yasushi Suga, and Masashi Akiyama. "Very mild lamellar ichthyosis with compound heterozygous TGM1 mutations including the novel missense mutation p.Leu693Phe." Journal of Dermatological Science 72, no. 2 (November 2013): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.06.013.

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Secretan, Sylvie. "Conchyliocarida, a class of fossil crustaceans: relationships to Malacostraca and postulated behaviour." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 76, no. 2-3 (1985): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300010592.

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ABSTRACTConchyliocarida, from the Jurassic of France, have a conch-like carapace enclosing the whole body. The number of their somites, identified by the visible appendages, excludes them from Malacostraca. Caridean-like characters, including the large lamellar gills, bring them nearer to Malacostraca, end exclude them from other Classes. Their large functional compound eyes and the morphology of their limbs suggest a benthic life and predatory behaviour.Conchyliocarida are represented by several forms at La Voulte sur Rhône, which are compared and contrasted to related forms elsewhere.

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Yue, T. M., K. J. Huang, and H. Xie. "Solidification in Laser Cladding of a Ti-Si Graded Coating on Pure Titanium Substrate." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.196.

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A three-layer Ti-Si graded coating was fabricated on a commercially pure titanium substrate by laser cladding with Ti-5.8 at%Si, Ti-9.0 at%Si and Ti-13.5 at%Si mixed powders. The microstructure of the three layers comprised Ti-Si solid solutions (Ti) and the Ti5Si3 compound. As the silicon content was increased, the microstructure along the direction of deposition underwent a series of changes, including replacement of the (Ti) phase by the primary Ti5Si3 phase, and a change of the (Ti)/Ti5Si3 eutectic growth from lamellar to anomalous.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Lamellar compound'

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