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1
Buckley, Alastair. "Laser diagnostics of discharge lamps." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322979.
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Malafová, Martina. "Instalace hybridních lamp v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73589.
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The aim of the paper "Instalace hybridních lamp v České republice" is to reflect on the worldwide phenomenon of renewable energy and its usage in everyday life in the form of a street lighting. Hybrid lamps are particular for the combination of the wind and solar power they generate thanks to the wind turbine and photovoltaic panels they carry. In order to evaluate their possible installation in the Czech Republic the business plan is viewed from four different perspectives - technological, economic, ecological and legal.
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Beames, Hugh. "Ancient lamps in the Nicholson Museum." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19597.
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Cheong, Zhi Xiong. "Energy saving controller for fluorescent lamps." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/84.
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Although fluorescent lamp is a very efficient lighting device in daily life, still the high harmonic distortion and low power factor cause unnecessary energy consumption. In today’s environment demanding energy efficiency, it is important to reduce this energy loss by integrating an energy saving controller in the electromagnetic ballast of fluorescent lamps. The research presented in this thesis investigates the design and implementation of a new energy saving controller for electromagnetic fluorescent lamp network. The newly developed controller attempts to reduce power losses in both the electromagnetic ballasts and fluorescent lamps by regulating the incoming supply voltage to an optimum level. In addition, the new controller is able to adjust the illuminance level of working environment lightings under either dark or bright condition. Moreover, the function of the new controller is extended with time scheduling control capability, where the switching of lighting systems can be controlled at predetermined times based on occupancy schedule. Both simulation and practical results show that the implemented controller reduces energy consumption by at least 37.5%, by reducing the incoming supply voltage by 15%. In addition, it is desirable to have variable illuminance level control to decrease the energy losses. The experimental results show that the illuminance output level of electromagnetic ballast fluorescent lamps can be decreased by 50% using the new controller while maintaining unity power factor. Integration of the new energy saving controller into electromagnetic ballast fluorescent lamps impressively outperforms the existing electronic dimmable ballast. This new controller brings great ideas for energy saving in the use of fluorescent lamps.
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Vilalta, Cea Raul. "Research on the Best Market Applications for LightLab Energy-Saving Lamps." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-59499.
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Nowadays, lighting represents 20% of the global electricity consumption. Light can be produced using different technologies but more than 100 years after its invention, the incandescent bulb is still the most sold and one of the more used light sources. Of the total energy input in an incandescent bulb more than 90% is lost as heat while less than 10% is converted into visible light. However, there are alternative technologies which use up to 85% less energy for conventional lighting and there are even more efficient light sources for other purposes that if they replace completely all incandescent lamps over the world could reduce dramatically the global electricity consumption and greenhouse gases emissions. One may identify these alternative technologies mainly as LEDs and discharge lamps, but are they the unique alternatives? This thesis is focused on a new lighting technology whose name is LightLab and which is based on the field emission and cathodoluminescence concepts. This technology is under the research and development stage but prototypes have already achieved energy savings over 85% compared to incandescent lamps with a great color performance and with the advantage that it does not use mercury or other hazardous substances compared with discharge lamps. Thus, in the first part of the project all technologies and last improvements are studied while the second part analyses the market applications possibilities for the LightLab lamp considering the environmental perspective regulations and comparing the lamp with the other light sources. The result is that despite there are still some unknown parameters that need to be developed or improved, the lamp has a great potential for different applications fields.
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Jansson, Jenny, and Maria Madsen. "Konceptutveckling för lampdesign : The developing concept of lamps." Thesis, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6304.
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Abstract This thesis was conducted by Jenny Jansson and Maria Madsen, students at the Faculty of Technology and Science and the Innovation and Design Engineer programme at Karlstad University, during the spring 2008. The thesis covers 22,5hp for each student. Anna Holmquist and Chandra Ahlsell at the company FOLKFORM were the ones who requested the theis, their company are located at Stora Skuggan in Stockholm. Tutor for this thesis was Lennar Wihk and the examiner was Monika Jakobsson of Karlstad University. The given assignment came from FOLKFORM and the aim for the thesis was to create a further development of two already existing lamps from an earlier collection at FOLKFORM, “Jaipur” and “Modern Times”. The students used their creativity and ability to come up with fresh ideas and new innovations with the lamps current design, but also considering material, manufacturing methods and the environment. Throughout the working process it was evident to create an exclusive concept yet a cheap concept for each lamp, where the main criteria were to make the material enlighten the feeling. Apart from these concepts new ones for the packing was to be evolved, one concept for each one of the lamps. Through extensive research of materials, production methods and the market and consumer needs, which generated in many ideas. The final stage was with the product of a concept development. The chosen concept then generated in this thesis, with concept developing and prototype developing, and four actual products, well conducted concepts of the lamps Palmett and Rotation in the final stage. The result of the thesis was, as mentioned above, four prototypes in 1:1 scale, an exhibition, a PowerPoint presentation and a written thesis report. Expectations are that FOLKFORM are willing to use the concept made by the two students in their own making when it comes to the developing of earlier collections, were the lamps are represented.
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Wang, Haiyan. "A discrete dimming ballast for linear fluorescent lamps." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1254512325.
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Chen, Wei. "An improved electronic ballast for the fluorescent lamps." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06302009-040547/.
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Seidel, Yvonne. "Künstliches Licht im individuellen, familiären und öffentlichen Lebensbereich /." Wien : Phoibos, 2009. http://www.phoibos.at/bilder/phoibos/inhalte/978-3-85161-017-8.pdf.
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Schneede, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Leben ohne LAMPs : die Folgen des Fehlens der lysosomal assoziierten Membran Proteine LAMP-1 und LAMP-2 auf endosomale, lysosomale Prozesse / Alexander Schneede." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019811161/34.
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Hadrath, Stefan. "On electrode erosion in fluorescent lamps during instant start." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983628106.
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Leung, Kit Yee. "Single-panel sequential-color LCOS projectors using LED lamps /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202008%20LEUNG.
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Jenkins, Delyth Myfanwy. "The characterisation of chemical species in high temperature lamps." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239677.
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Saršon, Bruno. "Energy consumption of manufacturing line with special emphasis on lighting system." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-11980.
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The main focus of this project is to investigate the energy consumption of the manufacturing lines in the car industry and look for the potential methods regarding energy saving. Special emphasis is put on the lighting technologies that can be used in the manufacturing processes. Two lighting technologies are tested in order to see which one has better performance and lower energy consumption. Fluorescent tube and LED tube are compared concerning illuminance, UV irradiance and power consumption. Economic evaluation is also conducted to exam the feasibilities replacing fluorescent tubes with LED tubes. Results of the study show that the LED tubes have much lower energy consumption than fluorescent tubes, produce more direct and „colder“ light, and have much lower UV irradiance. However, the payback period of LED is relatively long at current price situation. Since it is expected that the price of LED tubes will decrease in future, it is reasonable to predict that the LED technology will change the fluorescent one in many applications. The energy consumption has been estimated for two manufacturing lines which use different technologies to produce car underbodies. In order to identify the differences from the energy consumption point of view, some measurements are conducted, such as the consumption of electricity, compressed air, air for ventilation and cooling water. The measured results show a disproportion in the power consumption when the lines are in stand-by mode. This affects the energy consumption per produced unit significantly. The line that has a higher capacity and a lower power consumption in the stand-by mode has a lower energy consumption per produced unit when it is operating with lower production loading. So, in order to improve the energy efficiency, it is necessary that it works at as high volume as possible and to have the stand-by power consumption as low as possible.
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Whitby, James Andrew. "Diagnostic measurements on a low-pressure inductively coupled Hg-Kr discharge." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387792.
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Fields, Mark. "Laser spectroscopy of metal halide vapours at high temperature." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338154.
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Siqueira, Gabriela de Paiva. "Estudo do comportamento elétrico de lâmpadas fluorescentes." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260034.
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Orientador: Yaro Burian JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T15:41:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Siqueira_GabrieladePaiva_M.pdf: 1004897 bytes, checksum: 434e195d542578fc2f9b88f6143f079d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta o estudo do comportamento elétrico de lâmpadas fluorescentes compactas. Ele engloba a análise dos componentes da lâmpada e do circuito do reator, a análise da estabilidade do ponto de funcionamento dessas lâmpadas, o estudo das características estáticas e dinâmicas, criação de modelo matemático, simulações e experimentos. Também é analisado o fenômeno de cintilações em lâmpadas fluorescentes desligadas. Inicialmente foi feita a análise geral das características da lâmpada e dos reatores magnéticos e eletrônicos. Foi feita uma análise comparativa entre os reatores eletrônicos e magnéticos levando-se em consideração as principais características de uso: tamanho, custo, efeito estroboscópico e fator de potência. Em seguida foi estudando o comportamento estático da lâmpada fluorescente. Foi feita a análise da estabilidade do ponto de funcionamento da lâmpada em regime estático levando-se em consideração o circuito externo e a dinâmica do plasma. Verificamos que existe uma boa aproximação para a curva característica estática na região de interesse. Ainda em regime estático observamos que, com corrente constante, existe uma oscilação periódica não senoidal na tensão, sobrepostas à tensão constante, da ordem de até uma dezena de volts e com freqüências da ordem de 10 kHz. O comportamento dinâmico da lâmpada fluorescente foi estudado a partir das equações do circuito externo, da dinâmica da lâmpada e da aproximação da característica estática. Simulações na freqüência de distribuição de energia elétrica (60 Hz) foram comparadas com os resultados obtidos experimentalmente. Simulando também o funcionamento da lâmpada alimentada por tensões senoidais em freqüências mais elevadas verificamos que a tensão e a corrente na lâmpada tendem para curvas senoidais em fase, confirmando que ela tende a funcionar como resistor em altas freqüências. As experiências em alta freqüência confirmaram essa tendência. Também notamos, através da verificação dos circuitos dos reatores de diversas lâmpadas ao longo dos anos, que o filtro de entrada dos reatores eletrônicos das lâmpadas fluorescentes compactas comerciais foi suprimido. Fato que se revelou causador de um evento indesejável dessas lâmpadas: a ocorrência de emissão de lampejos de luz de baixa intensidade e curta duração em intervalos da ordem de 1 minuto por algumas lâmpadas fluorescentes compactas desligadas. Foi analisado o motivo e proposta uma solução para eliminar este fenômeno
Abstract: This work presents a broad study of the electrical behavior of compact fluorescent lamps. It includes an analysis of the lamp components and the circuit of the reactor; an analysis of the stability on the operating point of the lamp; a study of static and dynamic characteristics; a development of a mathematical model; simulations and experiments. It is also analyzed the phenomenon of sparkling in turned off fluorescent lamps. First it was made a general analysis of the characteristics of those lamps with magnetic and electronic reactors. Then it was made a comparative analysis between them considering the main usage characteristics: size, cost, stroboscopic effect and power factor. It was then studied the static behavior of fluorescent lamps. It was made an analysis of the stability on the operation point of the lamp in static regime considering not only the external circuit but also the plasma dynamic. It was shown that there is a good approximation for the static characteristic curve in the region of interest. We also observed that, with a constant current, the voltage has a periodic (but not sinusoidal) oscillation on top of a constant value of voltage. This oscillation of dozens of volts has a frequency of about 10kHz. The dynamic behavior of the fluorescent lamp was studied by using: the equation of the external circuit, the equation of the lamp dynamic and the equation of the approximation of the static characteristic. It was made simulations in the frequency of electric energy distribution (60Hz) and they were compared with the results obtained experimentally. When it was simulated the functioning of the lamp fed by sinusoidal voltage in high frequencies, we saw that both voltage and current in the lamp tend towards sinusoidal curves in phase, confirming that the lamp has a tendency to function as a resistor in high frequencies. The experiences in high frequencies confirmed this trend. We also saw, by looking at reactors circuits over the years, that the entrance filter was suppressed from electronic reactors of commercial compact fluorescent lamps. This fact revealed to be the cause of an undesirable effect of these lamps: the emission of flashes with small intensity and short duration in intervals of about a minute by some fluorescent lamps when they are turned off. It was analyzed the reason and it was proposed a solution to eliminate this phenomenon
Mestrado
Energia Eletrica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
18
Adams, Frederick C. "Improving the LAMPS ME III SH-60B HF communication system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28278.
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Shafi, Mohsin Ayaz. "Investigation of losses in electronic ballasts for compact fluorescent lamps." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611554.
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Lei, Fang. "Innovative solutions for acoustic resonance characterization in metal halide lamps." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20219/7/LEI_Fang_20219.pdf.
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Metal halide lamp is one kind of the most compact high-performance light sources. Because of their good color rendering index and high luminous efficacy, these lamps are often preferred in locations where color and efficacy are important, such as supermarkets, gymnasiums, ice rinks and sporting arenas. Unfortunately, acoustic resonance phenomenon occurs in metal halide lamps and causes light flicker, lamp arc bending and rotation, lamp extinction and in the worst case, arc tube explosion, when the lamps are operated in high-frequency bands. This thesis takes place in the context of developing electronic ballasts with robust acoustic resonance detection and avoidance mechanisms. To this end, several envelope detection methods such as the multiplier circuit, rectifier circuit, and lock-in amplifier, are proposed to characterize fluctuations of acoustic resonance. Furthermore, statistical criteria based on the standard deviation of these fluctuations are proposed to assess acoustic resonance occurrence and classify its severity. The proposed criteria enable classifying between no acoustic resonance and acoustic resonance cases based upon either a two-dimensional plane, a histogram or a boxplot. These analyses are confirmed by the study of spectral variations (variations of the spectral irradiance and colorimetric parameters) as well. Standard deviations and relative standard deviations of these variations are also correlated with the presence of acoustic resonance. The results from this study show that whatever voltage envelope variations or spectral variations are significantly influenced by acoustic resonance phenomena. A set of metal halide lamps from different manufacturers and with different powers are tested in our experiments. We concluded that our designed multiplier and rectifier circuits for acoustic resonance detection have the same sensitivity as the lock-in amplifier, paving the way for the implementation of this function directly into the ballast circuit board.
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Tao, Fengfeng. "Advanced High-Frequency Electronic Ballasting Techniques for Gas Discharge Lamps." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25978.
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Small size, light weight, high efficacy, longer lifetime and controllable output are the main advantages of high-frequency electronic ballasts for gas discharge lamps. However, power line quality and electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues arise when a simple peak rectifying circuit is used. To suppress harmonic currents and improve power factor, input-current-shaping (ICS) or power-factor-correction (PFC) techniques are necessary.
This dissertation addresses advanced high-frequency electronic ballasting techniques by using a single-stage PFC approach. The proposed techniques include single-stage boost-derived PFC electronic ballasts with voltage-divider-rectifier front ends, single-stage PFC electronic ballasts with wide range dimming controls, single-stage charge-pump PFC electronic ballasts with lamp voltage feedback, and self-oscillating single-stage PFC electronic ballasts.
Single-stage boost-derived PFC electronic ballasts with voltage-divider-rectifier front ends are developed to solve the problem imposed by the high boost conversion ratio required by commonly used boost-derived PFC electronic ballast. Two circuit implementations are proposed, analyzed and verified by experimental results.
Due to the interaction between the PFC stage and the inverter stage, extremely high bus-voltage stress may exist during dimming operation. To reduce the bus voltage and achieve a wide-range dimming control, a novel PFC electronic ballast with asymmetrical duty-ratio control is proposed. Experimental results show that wide stable dimming operation is achieved with constant switching frequency.
Charge-pump (CP) PFC techniques utilize a high-frequency current source (CS) or voltage source (VS) or both to charge and discharge the so-called charge-pump capacitor in order to achieve PFC. The bulky DCM boost inductor is eliminated so that this family of PFC circuits has the potential for low cost and small size. A family of CPPFC electronic ballasts is investigated. A novel VSCS-CPPFC electronic ballast with lamp-voltage feedback is proposed to reduce the bus-voltage stress. This family of CPPFC electronic ballasts are implemented and evaluated, and verified by experimental results.
To further reduce the cost and size, a self-oscillating technique is applied to the CPPFC electronic ballast. Novel winding voltage modulation and current injection concepts are proposed to modulate the switching frequency. Experimental results show that the self-oscillating CS-CPPFC electronic ballast with current injection offers a more cost-effective solution for non-dimming electronic ballast applications.Ph. D.
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Lin, Zue-Tun, and 林子桐. "Temperature Effects on Fluorescent Lamps." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73936824153424124051.
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碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系
87
A fluorescent lamp when operated at a high frequency can be regarded as a resistance. The equivalent lamp resistance is deeply affected by the lamp arc power and the ambient temperature. This implies that the lamp power can be very different for change in operating temperature. A temperature controlled compartment incorporating with a dimmable electronic ballast is set up for investigating the effects caused by the lamp power and the ambient temperature. From numerous experimental results, a lamp arc voltage can be expressed as a arc power function of first order with temperature dependent coefficients. Based on this model, the coefficients of a given fluorescent lamp can easily be derived from few test data. In order to operate the fluorescent lamp at a constant power within a wide temperature range, a novel rectifying circuit configuration with power regulation is proposed. In addition to constant power operation , a high power factor is achievable by carefully designing the circuit parameters. This circuit configuration can be unified with the load resonant inverter into a single-stage electronic ballast which precludes the use of sophisticate control circuit with voltage and current sensors. Based on the derived lamp model, the design of the proposed electronic ballast is discussed by an illustrative example. Experimental results on the laboratory circuit are given for verifying the theoretical analyses.
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Deng, Edward E. "I. Negative incremental impedance of fluorescent lamps. II. Simple high power factor lamp ballasts." Thesis, 1996. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/5143/1/Deng_ee_1996.pdf.
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Two important subjects in high frequency fluorescent lighting are investigated. Part I. presents a fundamental understanding of the negative incremental impedance of flourescent lamps. Search for simple, high power factor, lamp ballast topologies, a more practical aspect of lighting electronics, is presented in Part II.
Part I.
Flourescent lamps have a special v-i characteristic. Their incremental or small-signal impedance is defined and studied in the frequency domain. It is found that the negative incremental impedance of a fluorescent lamp can be characterized by a right half plane zero. The existence of such a result is explained by the modified Francis equation. Two approaches are proposed in order to set up a stable operating point for the lamp. First, a resonant matching network, which provides impedance transformation, is placed between a voltage source and the lamp. Second, a feedback loop is closed from the lamp current to control the magnitude of the voltage source. Stability criteria based on the Nyquist criterion are developed for the impedance of the resonant matching network and for the loop gain in the above two cases, respectively.
It is found that the input impedance of a switching dc-to-dc regulator, which is another case with the negative incremental impedance, and the fluorescent lamp impedance, are two dual cases and thus can be analyzed in a unified manner based on the stability of one-port circuit.
The small-signal lamp impedance is measured in the most practical case of a sinusoidal carrier, and it is fit by a real rational function with a right half plane zero. The small signal models describing low frequency variations of sinusoidal magnitude are developed and are experimentally verified for the three major resonant matching networks. Stability analysis for resonant matching networks at parallel resonance are performed. It shows that the LCC network is the simplest resonant matching network that a fluorescent lamp needs. It is also predicted, and experimentally verified, that the resonant matching networks at series resonance are feasible as ballasts when the lamp current feedback loop is closed.
Part II.
Unlike conventional high power factor ballasts requiring two cascaded power conversion stages, the proposed new lamp ballasts achieve near unity input power factor and high frequency sinusoidal lamp current in a single power conversion stage.
A single-stage, high power factor lamp ballast is proposed, which is derived from the Cuk converter. A new discontinuous inductor current mode of its input inductor makes this possible by separating the input current-shaping from the output high frequency inversion. The desirable mode of operation is presented with major waveforms. The high efficiency is further enhanced by the soft-switching improvement, which is provided naturally through the lagging current of the resonant matching network. Design equations are given. The performances of the proposed single-stage, high power factor lamp ballast are verified by the experimental results.
Single-switch, unity power factor ac-to-ac converter topologies based on proper integrations of automatic current shapers and single-switch inverters, such as the Class E converter, are presented, which are suitable for lamp ballast applications. Descriptions of the desirable mode of operations and a first order analysis are given. The ballasts have the compact structure of single active switch, high input power factor and low crest factor lamp current as well as soft-switching. Experimental results confirm all the performance advantages.
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Kao, Jin-Zau, and 高金照. "A Comparative Study of Illumination Chromatic Aberration between LED Roadway Lamps and Regular Roadway Lamps." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f56wq2.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系研究所
100
To reduce power consumption and attain goals of energy saving and carbon reduction, this study explored the possibility of replacing regular roadway lamps with LED roadway lamps, with focus on the comparison and analysis of lighting color differences. Computer vision system was used for color quantification to simulate human vision. We allowed for LED roadway lamps and various illuminants to irradiate on a 24-color chart to collect the displayed colors and color differences. The CIEDE2000 color difference equation was used to determine the difference between LED roadway lamp illuminants and D65 standard sources, and indicated different characteristics for different illuminants at different colors. The research results showed that lighting color difference values for LED roadway lamps was next to that of luminous tubes and metal halide lamps (similar to D65 standard source). The LED roadway lamp can replace regular roadway lamps to become a predominant type in the future. This study found that the LED roadway can replace the current general roadway of high pressure mercury lamp, the color of the color difference between the saturation difference and the difference values are higher than the low pressure mercury lamp, is an excellent light source; LED roadway and can not replace the high-pressure sodiumlights and metal halide lamp, LED roadway lamp room for improvement, I believe the future can replace traditional street lights.
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Hong, Ming-che, and 洪明哲. "Energy-saving Lamps Manufacturers’ Promotion Strategy to Government- the street lamps in Taiwan as an example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76882465919317863515.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
商管專業學院
97
ABSTRACT First, in view of the global warming and climate changing bring about the severe environment troubles which also caused huge disasters and impacts on human beings. Green energy industry have been rising, due to most of the people aware to environment and energy saving which become to a tremendous trend. The age of Environmental-protection and Energy-saving is coming, the government and enterprises to implement environmental protection and energy saving, will reduce the carbon’s damage to the natural environment, and will bring the ecological benefits as well as the common prosperity to human. Most of Governments to drive the energy-saving policies to reduce carbon, by the beginning of public lighting. As a energy-saving lamps manufacturer, how to adapt to the world trend, to match up the government policies, to benefit the mankind? Which is one of the great importance topic now. This study through the government procurement analysis with all the collected data, could be useful and available for companies to identify their strategies and promote to the Government. We also expected that energy-saving will make all the Taiwan people benefits by environmental protection and carbon reduction. Second, due to the earth''s resources are limited, the author surveys for the highest power consumption in Taiwan ─ public street lighting (based on statistics of the Ministry of Economic Affairs：Taiwan has more than 1.5 million sets of street lamps), of government which located in major counties of Taiwan：to survey for new installation, features, specifications, maintenance, power consumption, cost, bid procurement, Taipower contract, government policies, performance assessment, incentives, related information, as well as the supply chain surveys, research, analysis; it will understand the street lamps status and problems. Will also try to get the best energy-saving program in public street lighting, which will also provide a strategy for energy-saving lamp’s manufacturer to promote their products to the Government.
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徐欣義. "Measurement on characteristic of fluorescent lamps." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77924917867113696445.
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碩士中原大學
電子工程學系
85
Electronic ballasts operating in high frequency has the advantages of saving energy, high effect, and no flicker. In many countries, it has been an important development in lighting industry. To design electronic ballasts. we must be clear at the characteristic of fluorescent lamps. In this thesis, we do a signal amplifier with broad frequency and power, and then measure characteristic of fluorescent lamps from low frequency to high frequency, including lamp voltage, lamp current, and luminance changing. By measuring data and lamp curve, construct a simple model of fluorescent lamps.
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Chung, Kun-Ju, and 鍾坤儒. "The Development of Field Emission Lamps." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q8s458.
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Chen, Ying-Da, and 陳盈達. "Optical optimization design for LED lamps." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73990974609162832635.
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碩士崑山科技大學
機械工程研究所
101
With the development of contemporary technology, the lighting has been widely used in people’s lives. Lighting is gradually increased to consume the energy of use every year. The current commercial available lighting are mostly incandescent bulbs and fluorescent tubes which are high energy consumption. Thus, to investigate an energy saving and environment friendly lighting devices is became necessarily. High-brightness light-emitted diodes (LED's) with the characteristics of high efficiency and low power consumption resulted less environmental impact will be on their application in the lighting devices. Although the LED has many advantages, used in lighting feature has been widely recognized. But in comparison to traditional light optical design has a great difference, it cannot be directly substituted. To retrofit original system is needed in order to match the optical system, to meet the standard optical light distribution, and their applications. LED lighting modules design not only can improve the utilization rate of LED luminous flux but also can comply with the industrial regulations or living needs. Lighting design is the most important technique in optical designs. The need to understand the light source, and to obtain their lighting distribution data. Therefore, the data can be applied in the optical design software to create model and to generate the simulation light source. To add secondary optics components, they will conduct ray tracing simulation analysis, so that it can obtain accurate simulation results. In this study, LED light source intensity was measured for light source of light. Using TracePro optical design software creates the simulated light source, and confirm simulated light source with the experimental results. The optical software was used to optimum the optical design; thus, the high-speed bus cabin lighting and parking lights lamps are conducting secondary optical simulation. Finally, the LED lighting module is succeeded to replace traditional lighting sources in this study.
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Kang, Yu-Ling, and 康譽齡. "Optical Design of LED Street Lamps." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46878976792421569536.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
光電工程學研究所
99
Based upon the practical specifications of street illumination, we design the secondary optical elements so that the LED illumination can be transformed into a uniform illumination on the road to meet the street illumination standards. Generally, LED light intensity distribution is Lambertian, however, the geometry of the road area are rectangular. Therefore, traditionally symmetric design of an original LED lens can only produce uniform illumination on a circular area. A major portion of light will fall outside the street and will results in unnecessary power consumption, environmental light pollution, the glare issues, and even traffic accidents, etc. Consequently, the lens design should be asymmetric in order that the emitted light can be distributed uniformly in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the driving direction and thus can achieve uniform illumination within the rectangular area of the road. In this thesis, free-form lens and reflector are developed to create a batwing light intensity distribution in the direction parallel to the driving direction and asymmetrical intensity distribution in perpendicular direction to create a rectangular light pattern and achieve high efficiency of uniform illumination. Finally, our simulations validate their compliance with the street lighting specifications.
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Shyu, Wen Bin, and 徐文彬. "Investigation on Characteristics of Automotive Xenon Lamps." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94474724970859007109.
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碩士國立成功大學
電機工程學系
89
Halogen lamps were mainly used for automotive headlights. In recent years, high intensity discharge (HID) lamps have begun to be used in headlight systems, because of high efficiency, long life, and natural color. Automotive HID lamps are high-pressure xenon gas discharge lamps. In order to design electronic ballast for the automotive xenon lamps, the characteristics of the lamps must be considered first. This thesis surveys and analyzes the transient and steady state electrical characteristics of the automotive xenon lamp. The measuring circuit is composed of a flyback converter, a full bridge square-wave inverter, and an igniter. In order to avoid acoustic resonance, the full bridge inverter produces a low frequency square-wave current/voltage to the lamp. Finally, the transient characteristics for both cold starting and hot restarting, as well as the stable operation characteristics of the automotive xenon lamps are measured and analyzed.
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JHONG, JHAO-DONG, and 鍾兆棟. "Effects of Chip Size on LED Lamps." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39038127999138394960.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
98
By developing the blue Light Emitting Diodes in 1993. They were widely used in markets after combining blue LED with yellow phosphors to emit white lights. The white LEDs are not already apply in main lighting because of the input power only transformed 20% to visible light, while up to 80% will be transformed to heat. There are many different size of chips in the market. In this research will analysis the relations between thermal, illumination and electron. It will give the Research and Development engineers a direction to design a LED module. The purpose of this research is use 4 LED module that is combine by different chip size, including 45mil, 24mil, 15mil and 10*23mil. Using the aluminum heat-sink, which was made by extrusion. Analysis the relations between thermal management, illuminant performance and electron property by using different kind of equipment. In this research, the small LED chip goes to a better property in thermal management. The working temperature will not reach the light decay temperature. In using the LED module, the operator must using it by fixing Current, or it will be cause the temperature rise by overdriving the LED module. This property will let the LED module reduce the lifetime and illuminant performance.
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YU-TINGSUNG and 宋昱亭. "A Study of Healing Lamps Attractiveness Factors." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38441652459683571034.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
工業設計學系
103
As part of a modern lifestyle, people are pursuing a better quality of life, so most of them are always in high-pressure environments. If people can’t relieve stress to some degree and relieve unnecessary negative emotions, depression may be the result. Since stress and negative emotion that can’t be relieved may cause depression, “light” is another factor, like the well-known “Seasonal affective disorder”, which occurs mostly at high latitudes. Because people are always in a polar night environment at high latitudes, the lack of sunlight may cause them to feel gloomy. Thus, there have been many designs developed and research about “lighting” conducted in order to create a warm atmosphere that will make people happy. Because members of communities have a lot of needs related to relieving stress and releasing negative emotions, many healing products have gradually emerged in the market. Echoing the principle of supply and demand, we can discover the true needs of modern people. Therefore, this study was aimed at discovering the factors related to healing combined with light as the research object that can potentially create positive emotions and make people happy. Images were used as the study media and 10 subjects under high pressure were interviewed according to the Evaluation Grid Method. By this method, there are five attributes related to healing, including “Kindly,” ”Friendly,” “Funny,” ”Comfortable,” ”Amazing.” Then, questionnaires were used to accumulate statistics about high levels of stress and low levels of stress separately in order to determine factors deemed as attractive and specific design features. Finally, the design verification was conducted to verify that the findings of this study met the public's expectations for healing. Finally, the results of this study indicated that both the high-pressure and mild-pressure groups needed “Healing.” Most people expressed a desire to relieve the pressure they were feeling, and there were lots things in common between these two groups. Therefore, it was found that the high level of stress and low level of stress group had the same feelings about and expectations of healing. The design verification also confirmed that the findings of this study were able to effectively capture the factors that are considered attractive of healing lamps.
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Qiu, Xian-min, and 邱顯閔. "Visual Comfort Research for LED Desk Lamps." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43327949122365609996.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
光電科學研究所
98
The purpose of this study was to evaluate visual comfort and task performance of LED desk lamp users when reading under different central illuminance levels, with various contrast ratios between the central and ambient illuminance, and at different test time. The experiment was implemented in two parts. The first part is the high-central-illuminance and low-contrast experiment. Thirty-six subjects participated in this study voluntarily, and their ages ranged from 18 to 25 years old. The independent variables were the central illuminance (1000, 1500, or 2000 lux), the contrast ratio between the central and ambient illuminance (1:0, 4:1, 3:1, or 2:1) and the test time (morning, afternoon, or night). The second part is the low-central-illuminance and high-contrast experiment. Forty-five subjects participated in this study voluntarily, and their ages ranged from 18 to 25. The independent variables were the central illuminance (100, 200, 500, 750, or 1000 lux), the contrast ratio (10:1, 5:1, or 2:1) and the test time (morning, afternoon, or night). The dependent variables were the subjective visual comfort rating and the correct ratio of word-labeling in both parts. The results indicated that when reading with a LED desk lamp, the central illuminance must be at least 500 lux to achieve satisfactory visual comfort. A central illuminance level of 1000 lux is sufficient for reading, and thus there is no need to pursue much higher illuminance for LED desk lamps. In addition, it is important to have ambient lighting when using desk lamps. Based on the experimental results, the best contrast ratio between the central and ambient illuminance is 2:1. If energy saving is highly demanded, 4:1 or 5:1 are also appropriate choices. It is not necessary to establish individual illuminance suggestions for different time during the day, unless the task performance is extremely important. The correct ratio of word-labeling was not affected by the independent variables, but the number of labeled words was influenced by the central illuminance when the contrast was high. When the ambient was relatively dark, the central illuminance must be higher than 500 lux for good task performance. This result coincided with the outcome of the visual comfort experiment. According to the research results, comfortable lighting environments could only be realized when the central and ambient illuminance is appropriately collocated.
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CHEN, HORN NAN, and 陳宏男. "Analysis on Dimming Operation of Fluorescent Lamps." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37821887196533049534.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
電機工程研究所
84
An electric circuit model is developed for characterizing the electrical behavior of fluorescent lamps with dimming operation at high frequencies. The proposed model can be simply derived from three sets of measured data. This model can be used for predicting circuit behavior of dimmable electronic ballasts, and then to determine the circuit parameters and the adequate operating ranges. An electronic ballast with the series resonant inverter is built to realize two dimming operation methods, voltage control and frequency control. The design considerations including operating frequency, starting voltage, filament current, and control sensitivity factor are discussed in detail. Experimental tests are found to be quite in agreement with the simulation results based on the proposed model.
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Chang, Yun-Hao, and 張勻豪. "Series Resonant Inverter for Multiple LED Lamps." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83050045173440451288.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
98
This thesis proposes a high efficiency driving circuit for multiple light emitting diode (LED) lamps with dimming feature. The driving circuit consists of essentially a high-frequency half-bridge series resonant inverter with multiple output transformers, on which primary windings are connected in series, while secondary sides are loaded by LED lamps rated at different powers with different turn ratios. By controlling the frequency of the inverter, the resonant current as well as the lamp current can be regulated simultaneously. On the other hand, the LED lamps can be dimmed individually by the associated dimming switches with integral cycle control. The tactful circuit ensures a high circuit efficiency owing to less conducting losses and zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operation of the active power switches of the inverter and zero current switching (ZCS) operation of the dimming switches. Two prototype circuits designed for 60 W three RGB LED lamps and 50 W five white light LED lamps have been built and tested to verify the analytical predictions. Experimental results demonstrate that the driving circuit can operate the LED lamps at a high efficiency with a wide dimming range. The lamp power can be dimmed to 10% with frequency control, while whole dimming range can be achieved with integral cycle control. The circuit efficiency with integral cycle control is relatively higher than that with frequency control. The measured efficiencies for the two designed circuit are 93% and 90%, respectively, under the rated powers.
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Chuang, Kai-Shiang, and 莊凱翔. "Study and Manufacture of Novel LED Lamps." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47157889374128002227.
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碩士龍華科技大學
工程技術研究所
98
LED light bulb is the photosource only for the straight line direction of advance. Because the high power crystal grain shines easily gather the heat, LED bulb must be able to scattered effectively. Besides outward appearance good, the cost might also reduce. High power LED light source will generate heat from the die, so it requires an effective cooling. Therefore, adding heat sink in light substrate, using aluminum to make the heat housing, natural convection cooling with a larger curvature area, lamps’ lifetime and function can increase significantly. Use weather resistant plastic material to make shade and thermal resistance casing, and to form injection molding. In addition to the good appearance, the cost can also be cut down. The experiment used the first version of fin heat sink design which was able to lower the temperature of aluminum-based plate from 67℃ to 62℃. As the result was not as effective as expected, the design had to be changed in order to lower the temperature to below 58℃. By calculating the luminous flux, we know that its highly translucent with the level of translucency at 96%. After analyzing, we obtained the results for the following types of light: white LED with luminous flux of 676.2 Lumen, luminous efficiency of 75 Lumen/Watt; warm LED with luminous flux of 616.4 Lumen, luminous efficiency of 68 Lumen/Watt.
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Chen, Yih-Hong, and 陳奕宏. "Design and Prototyping of LED Desk Lamps." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23851100893474777517.
Full textAbstract:
碩士崑山科技大學
機械工程研究所
99
This study discusses LED desk lamp design and associated prototyping. Because of the importance of energy saving and desk lamp minimal illumination requirement standard, the study considers design of desk lamps which consumes 10 watts or below, but achieves 350 lux or above in 300 mm distance and within a circular area of 550 mm in radius. This study design the LED desk lamp prototype using the Solid Works, LabVIEW with ProEngineer software design the optical lens, The other references [14] the best color rendering method, Mixing different colors of light to get under the optimal color rendering. The goal of the first LED lamp designed in this study is to save the desktop space by installing the lamp through a clamping mechanism on a PC monitor which is available on the desk. The mechanism can be clamped on the monitor edges. It has good degree of freedom such that the light projection direction can be flexibly adjusted and onto a working area in front of the monitor. The second lamp designed in this study is focused on improvement of the mechanism such that the lamp can be clamped on a single edge of the monitor. The design uses a high power LED along with a secondary optic lens with a freeform surface, to achieve the uniformity of luminance up to 1.6 (uniformity= maximum/average luminance) on a working surface. The third lamp in this study is designed with multiple color LEDs and a light color integrating chamber. The chamber is optically designed to assure uniform mixture of colors. The intensity of each color is under constant current driven and pulse-width module control such that the mixed color exhibits preferable lighting properties with the correlated color temperature in the range of 3000K~7000K and Ra >90. The current design has low luminous efficacy of 40 lm/w. Further improvement of the efficacy can be achieved by using LEDs with higher efficacy.
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Chen, Guei-Ming, and 陳癸明. "The Research of Controllable Energy-saving Lamps." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99569429558575622305.
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碩士臺北城市科技大學
機電整合研究所
101
This study is to improve the existing energy-efficient lighting with LED (Light emitting diode) lights as a core goal to develop a controllable energy-saving lamps. The first generation developed product is using infrared sensors to detect the signal from surrounding. If it senses someone or vehicle which is moving, the light will automatically turn on in full brightness. If it senses no target, it will switch to the half-bright. So that the lamps have different output brightness, and really save the energy as well as to extend the life of the lamps. The feature of second generation is using microwave sensors to detect parking lots with vehicles or not, then it can control the vehicles in and out to upgrade the efficiency of parking. The third generation system develops optical sensing dimming module to automatically detect the light from surrounding, when the light sensing dimming module detects ambient brightness, the controllable energy-saving lamps will automatically reduce the brightness to save energy consumption.
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Tseng, Jui-Lung, and 曾瑞隆. "dimmable electronic ballast profile of fluorescent lamps." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56089784535313425940.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
電機工程學系
99
This study is using IC6561 PFC converter circuit and IC6574 resonant Inverter circuit with in order to meet the high power factor electronic ballast, extended lamp life, improved luminous efficiency, and dimming Required. The method for this thesis uses frequency modulation, is also one of commonly methods for dimming light, it can enhance the operating frequency, the resistance is increased when resonant inductor. The current flowing through the resonant inductor will drop and achieve brightness adjustable. The frequency dimming technology restrictions, the design should pay attention to the setting and dimming frequency protection circuit interference
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Ghasemi, Afshar Farhang [Verfasser]. "Electronic drive for low wattage metal halide lamps focused on acoustic resonance in HID lamps / vorgelegt von Farhang Ghasemi Afshar." 2008. http://d-nb.info/993861253/34.
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Huang, Yung-Hsin, and 黃永欣. "Modeling the Fluorescent Lamps for Dimmable Electronic Ballasts." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86738109552282935441.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
電機工程研究所
83
An electric circuit model is developed for characterizing the electrical behavior of the fluorescent lamp with dimming operation. The proposed model consisting of two power dependent equations describing the lamp voltage and current can be derived from the tested results on a given specific lamp. The derived equations predicting the circuit behavior precisely provides a useful tool for an engineer to determine the circuit parameters and to analyze the performance of the electronic ballast with dimming operation. Based on the derived equations, three possible dimming operation methods (voltage control, frequency control, and impedance control) can be explored. The electronic ballast with the series resonant half bridge inverter is used as a specific example to describe the dimming operating characteristics of the fluorescent lamp and the analyses are examined by experimental tests on a prototype electronic ballast.
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Huang, Hiu-Ming, and 黃秀明. "High-Frequency Electronic Ballast for Automotive HID Lamps." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pvu4hw.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
93
Abstract Because of their much higher luminous efficacy, better color rendition, and longer lifetime, High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps have been used in various commercial and industrial applications such as street lighting, LCD projectors, and automotive headlights. The conventional commercial electronic ballast for driving HID lamps consisted of a front-end DC/DC converter and a low-frequency DC/AC inverter. The front-end DC/DC converter is usually a Flyback converter that draws power from a low-voltage source (i.e. battery or fuel cell) and feeds a high-voltage DC bus for the post-stage DC/AC inverter. The DC/AC inverter is operated at low frequency to avoid acoustic resonance. The low-frequency electronic ballast is large and heavy. This thesis presents a single-stage high frequency electronic ballast for HID lamps. This studied ballast consists of a phase-shifted ZVT full-bridge inverter, a boost transformer, a resonant tank and a high voltage igniter. The proposed electronic ballast has the advantages of high power density, simple circuit and low cost. The circuit operating principles and design criteria are described in detail. A laboratory prototype was built and tested. The simulation and experimental waveforms verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Keywords�o High Intensity Discharge Lamps, Single-Stage High Frequency Electronic Ballast, Phase-Shifted ZVT Full-Bridge Inverter
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Lin, Guan-ting, and 林冠廷. "Quality Evaluation of Color Temperature Adjustable LED Lamps." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7gzgm3.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
100
The purpose of this study is to build up a modified color rendering model for predicting color rendering characteristics of tunable color temperature LED. An efficient white light LED (Light Emitting Diode) systems with tunable color temperature within a range of 3000 K to 6500 K was studied. In the first experiment, a tele-spectroradiometer was used to measure tunable color temperature of testing white light LED bulb. The spectral power distributions (SPDs) at different correlated color temperatures were discussed. The SPD, the chromaticity point and the variation of color rendering index (CRI) at varying correlated color temperatures were also explored. In the second experiment, we designed a psychophysical experiment in which14 test color samples are recommended by CIE. The reference were constituted by A light source and D50 light source set in the standard light cabinet, and test light source was the tunable color temperature white light LED with the setting of 2727K and 5388K. In this experiment, we got the visual assessment score with each test sample from the observers’ assessment results in which they were compared with CIE CRI score. Finally we modified the coefficient of CIE color rendering index.
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Wu, Cuen-Yuan, and 吳振淵. "Manufacturing of measuration illuminance platform for LED lamps." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7ues2g.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
製造科技研究所
100
We use the graphic program－Labview,which developed by National Instrument to progress this homemade platform control system and human machine interface design.；with three hardware－the programmable logic controller that made by Mitsubishi,the temperature sensor that made by Advantech,the Illuminance sensor (with±2% Accuracy)that made by Konica Minolta and the linear guideway and ballscrew that made by HIWIN technology,the stepping motor and reducer mechanism that made by Troy Enterprise Company,and follow CNS standard(include CNS 5119 C4165 Illuminance Meters、CNS 5065 C3069 Methods of Illumination Measurements、CNS 12112 Z1044 Lighting of indoor work places、CNS15249 C3222 Methods of measurement on light emitting diode components for optical and electrical characteristics、CNS 15437 C4510 Recessed LED luminaires for T-bar ceiling systems、CNS15233 C4504 Fixtures of roadway lighting with light emitting diode lamps) to build the LED automatic measuration platform which have Auto/Manual mode,the human machine interface possess the measuration of illuminance (the maximum/minimum value、the average illuminance value、the uniform illuminance value、the illuminance plat/space distribuction),the calculate of light intensity,the simulation of LED chip temperature feature.The machine system accurate at X-axis have 0.263mm deviation,on the orther hand,at Y-axis have 0.194mm deviation. Because of the 80% input power of LED will transfer to thermal,that the platform also include on-time temperature monitor system. Through temperature simulate identify system [17、23] that developed by micro thermal-fluid labatory,we use this model integrat to Labview program and with the temperature on lamp board(Tb),to simulate the chip central temperature(Tj).With Tj,we can find out that temperature raise status when lamp turn on.The simulation of LED chip temperture is the platform others feature. Due to the Light-emitting Diode rapid developed in recent years,that its apply in various application,the solid lighting became into our daily life, such as traffic light, light crystal panel,the product of communicate,that into building, medical, and the lighting of landscape. Because of the various extend application, the CNS 12112 Z1044 standard base on different occasion to establish the necessary illuminance value(lux),that provide a reference to cosumer. We use this homemade machine which have the measurement of illuminance function to test a total of 27 various lamp,include the lamp at market that can purchase and the LED lamp,we can campare the testing result and give recommend about energy-saving issue. This machine is the only Automatic illuminance measuration/temperature simulate platform nowadays in the world.But the measure height still have restriction,therefore,it can increase the measuration height and test more species lamp,and can assort with the terminal consumer to provide more optics mesuration soluction is the platform prospect for the future.
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Lin, Ding-Jun, and 林鼎鈞. "A Novel Dimming Control Circuit for LED Lamps." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bh5p8v.
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陳志盈. "Optical Design of LED Lamps for Bicycle Application." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18882494553261527373.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
光電科技研究所
98
This thesis focused on the development of a new-style projection taillight for bicycle application. This study explored the lens design of bicycle taillight with using only one 5-millimeter light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, so that the emission pattern of the taillight could meet the specification of taillight standards. Finally, a prototype based on the designed lens was developed and characterized. In chapter one, the motivation of this study was first described. Some literatures were then reviewed, including regulations and specification of taillight, the concept of reverse engineering and comparison of the characteristics of taillights in the current market. Finally, the target for the lens design of taillight was determined. In chapter two, basic optics and ray-tracing theory related to optical lens design were first introduced. Moreover, comparison of various lens materials used for projection taillight was then described. In chapter three, two programs used for lens design, including 3D drawing software, Solid Works, and optical design software, ZEMAX, were first introduced. The procedures and flow chart of lens design were then described. The lens design of taillight using one LED was described in chapter four. First of all, the lens design was carried out utilizing one spherical lens and several cylindrical lenses in order to meet the taillight specification of Germany (StVZO). The design concept was explained in details. Next, Solid Works was used to draft and retouch the shape of 3D lens. The data of this 3D lens and a LED light source were then imported into ZEMAX, which run the ray tracing and simulated the final light pattern and intensity on the detection plane at 4 meters away. Finally, the designed lens was reshaped over again in order to meet the StVZO standard, which includes light intensities at 33 restricted areas of the detection plane. Some difficulties encountered during simulation were mentioned in this chapter as well. Finally, the final measured data, thesis conclusion and future work were given in chapter five.
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Lai, Chien-cheng, and 賴建丞. "Electronic Ballast for Fluorescent Lamps with DC Current." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85060948654773954200.
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碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
93
Fluorescent lamps are in general driven by ac ballasting currents. The cyclic variation in arc discharging power results in light fluctuation at twice the frequency of the ac current. Light fluctuation may be intolerable when a steady light output is required in some particular applications. To eliminate light fluctuation, an electronic ballast with dc current is proposed to operate the fluorescent lamp at a constant power. The main power conversion of the electronic ballast employs the single-stage high-power-factor inverter, which is originated from a combination of the half-bridge resonant inverter and the buck-boost converter. With such a circuit configuration, the output power can be regulated by asymmetrical pulse-width-modulation. The ac output of the inverter is then rectified and filtered to provide the dc ballasting current. Driven by dc current, however, the fluorescent lamp emits electrons unilaterally from one end leading to wearing out of emission material on the cathode filament. To solve this problem, an inverter is integrated for commutation of the lamp electrodes. Furthermore, a preheating control is included to start the fluorescent lamps with zero glow-current. A prototype is designed and built for the OSRAM T5-80W fluorescent lamp. The dc operating characteristics of starting transient, light fluctuation, lighting spectra, color temperature as well as the light fluctuation are investigated from experiments. Experimental results also show that the electronic ballast is capable of high-power-factor, dimming capability and zero glow-current preheating.
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Cheng, Hung-Wei, and 鄭弘偉. "Robust Design of Electronic Ballasts for Fluorescent Lamps." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31741237214443823904.
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碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
89
A robust design utilizing consecutive orthogonal arrays algorithm is proposed for designing electronic ballasts of fluorescent lamps. By this design method, the variation in the lamp power can be less than 10% under different operating conditions. In the manipulation of the consecutive orthogonal arrays, component values of the ballast circuit and DC-link voltage are used as controllable variables for inner orthogonal arrays; while manufacturers, ambient temperature, used hours, and variation in DC-link voltage are treated as uncontrollable variables for outer orthogonal arrays. The average effects of the output power for each controllable variable are calculated from simulation results, which are served as indexes to find the combination of circuit parameters with a better solution. With consecutive orthogonal arrays, the target values of the circuit parameters are approached step by step. In addition, the effect of the DC-link voltage on the lamp power can be understood from the uncontrollable variable of outer orthogonal arrays. The proposed design tool is implemented on the design of an electronic ballast for a 40W fluorescent lamp. The test results show that the designed electronic ballast can be adopted for the lamps from different manufacturers, with different used hours, and under variation in a wide range of ambient temperature.
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JUN-JIE, LIAO, and 廖軍傑. "Applicability Study of culturing Nannochloropsis by LED Lamps." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30216707789565650910.
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碩士正修科技大學
電機工程研究所
103
Nannochloropsis oculata is a kind of excellent biofuel crop that is oil-rich fast-growing. LED is high luminous efficiency,small does not occupy space,luminescence response speed,less heat and long lasting. This research use the LED as light source to cultivation Nannochloropsis oculata, and to explore the optimum growth conditions. The feasibility of using LED culture Nannochloropsis oculata, designed to four experiments, the experiment was conducted with five kinds of lights (halogen lamp,T5 lamp,warm white LED, white LED, cool white LED) , four kinds of colors LED(green, blue, red, yellow) to test on the water in divideal combination, six kinds of submersible LED(warm white LED, white LED, cool white LED, red, bule, mix light)
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Chen, Pao-sheng, and 陳保生. "Photo Design of LED Tubular Lamps and Reflector." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91433729378888913131.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
98
Due to the global warming and green house effects happened recently, the energy saving and carbon-dioxide emission reducing have become major topics of the world. Energy-saving on lighting engineering has also been an important concern especially when LED light source being the most interesting and energy saving light source in the lighting market. The higher the LED luminous efficiency and consistently lowering the price of the LED force the LED being the new alternative for replacing the traditional light sources, and becoming the next generation sources. The LED industries and relative manufacturers design and provide much more innovative and energy saving lighting equipments while the application categories are increasing and widely expanded. The study takes two feet conventional T8 fluorescent lamps tubes being the check reference target. The optics emulation software TracePro was used to simulate and plan four different kinds LED arrange within the light tubes, which in turn constructing LED light tubes. The luminous intensity distribution curve for different lamp tubes could be obtained. Then, better reflector for achieving the ideal luminous intensity distribution curve can be designed. The commercial illuminate emulation software DIALux was used to process the lighting engineering calculation and simulation for an office space as the study object. The parameters, include average illumination, glare, uniformity, and unit lighting power density, are used for lighting quality evaluation based on the relative standard and regulation codes such as CNS and IESNA. The results show that the LED lighting tubes could provide much more energy saving profit and practical advantage than the conventional fluorescence lamp.