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Books on the topic 'Land Inequality'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Turck, Mary. Haiti: Land of inequality. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications, 1999.

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2

Erickson, Lennart. Dimensions of land inequality and economic development. [Washington D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, African Dept., 2004.

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3

Gunawan, Wiradi, ed. Six decades of inequality: Land tenure problems in Indonesia. Bandung, Indonesia: Bina Desa, 2011.

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4

Adams, Richard H. Nonfarm income, inequality, and land in rural Egypt. Washington, DC: World Bank, Middle East and North Africa Region, Human Development Sector Group, 1999.

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5

Ünal, Fatma Gül. Land Ownership Inequality and Rural Factor Markets in Turkey. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137110886.

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6

1937-, Hodge Robert Williams, ed. Promises in the Promised Land: Mobility and inequality in Israel. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990.

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7

Gumata, Nombulelo, and Eliphas Ndou. Accelerated Land Reform, Mining, Growth, Unemployment and Inequality in South Africa. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30884-1.

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8

Sharma, Prem S. Inequality in land holdings and agricultural development in India: A regional analysis. Delhi: Shruti Publication, 2014.

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9

Social inequality in a Portuguese hamlet: Land, late marriage, and bastardy, 1870-1978. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

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10

Land ownership inequality and rural factor markets in Turkey: A study for critically evaluating market friendly reforms. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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11

FAO-Dimitra Workshop (3rd 2008 Brussels, Belgium). Land access in rural Africa: Strategies to fight gender inequality : FAO-Dimitra workshop : information and communication strategies to fight gender inequality as regards land access and its consequences for rural populations in Africa, 22-26 September 2008, Brussels, Belgium. Edited by Najros Eliane, Projet Dimitra, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Brussels: FAO, 2008.

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12

Challenging social inequality: The landless rural worker's movement and agrarian reform in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012.

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13

FAO-Dimitra Workshop (3rd 2008 Brussels, Belgium). Land access in rural Africa: Strategies to fight gender inequiality : FAO-Dimitra workshop : information and communication strategies to fight gender inequality as regards land access and its consequences for rural populations in Africa, 22-26 September 2008, Brussels, Belgium. Edited by Najros Eliane, Projet Dimitra, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Brussels: FAO, 2008.

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14

FAO-Dimitra Workshop (3rd 2008 Brussels, Belgium). Land access in rural Africa: Strategies to fight gender inequiality : FAO-Dimitra workshop : information and communication strategies to fight gender inequality as regards land access and its consequences for rural populations in Africa, 22-26 September 2008, Brussels, Belgium. Edited by Najros Eliane, Projet Dimitra, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Brussels: FAO, 2008.

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15

Colclough, Glenna. Work in the fast lane: Flexibility, divisions of labor, and inequality in high-tech industries. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992.

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16

Beuningen, Cor, and Kees Buitendijk, eds. Finance and the Common Good. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463727914.

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Over the past fifty years, (financial) capitalism has brought about an enormous growth in wealth. Millions around the world have been lifted out of poverty. However, the downsides of the present global economic constitution are rapidly becoming evident as well. Rising inequality, soaring debt levels, and repeated cycles of boom and bust have proven to be some of its key characteristics. After the 2008 crisis brought the financial system to the brink of collapse, new regulations, stricter supervision, higher capital requirements, and ethical codes were introduced to the sector. Today we find ourselves in the middle of another economic boom. Yet one pressing question remains: has anything changed? Have the (necessary) repairs fixed the flaws in the system? Or do we require even more fundamental reforms? This volume builds on the observation that society has co-evolved with the financial sector. We cannot simply claim that 'finance' was the sole instigator of the 2008 crisis. Society itself has become financialized; the process of replacing relations, structures of trust and reciprocity, by anonymous and systemic transactions. The volume poses vital questions with regard to this societal development. How did this happen? And more importantly: is change possible? If yes, how? This volume contains 21 essays on the themes mentioned above. Authors include Jan Peter Balkenende, Wouter Bos, Lans Bovenberg, Govert Buijs, and Herman Van Rompuy. A recommendation by Dutch Minister of Finance Wopke Hoekstra is also included.
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17

Turck, Mary C. Haiti: Land of Inequality (World in Conflict). Lerner Publishing Group, 1999.

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18

Richard, Adams H. Jr. Nonfarm Income, Inequality, and Land in Rural Egypt. The World Bank, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-2178.

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19

Inequality in the Promised Land: Race, Resources, and Suburban Schooling. Stanford University Press, 2014.

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20

Agarwal, Bina. Food Security, Productivity, and Gender Inequality. Edited by Ronald J. Herring. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.013.002.

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This chapter examines the relationship between gender inequality and food security, with a particular focus on women as food producers, consumers, and family food managers. The discussion is set against the backdrop of rising and volatile food prices, the vulnerabilities created by regional concentrations of food production, imports and exports, the feminization of agriculture, and the projected effect of climate change on crop yields. The chapter outlines the constraints women face as farmers, in terms of their access to land, credit, production inputs, technology, and markets. It argues that there is substantial potential for increasing agricultural output by helping women farmers overcome these production constraints and so bridging the productivity differentials between them and male farmers. This becomes even more of an imperative, given the feminization of agriculture. The chapter spells out the mechanisms, especially institutional, for overcoming the constraints and the inequalities women face as producers, consumers, and home food managers. Institutionally, a group approach to farming could, for instance, enable women and other small holders to enhance their access to land and inputs, benefit from economies of scale, and increase their bargaining power. Other innovative solutions discussed here include the creation of Public Land Banks that would empower the smallholder, and the establishment of agricultural resource centers that would cater especially to small-scale women farmers.
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21

The State Of African Cities 2010 Governance Inequality And Urban Land Markets. United Nations, 2011.

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22

Ansell, Ben W. Inequality and Democratization: An Elite-Competition Approach. Cambridge University Press, 2015.

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23

Samuels, David J., and Ben W. Ansell. Inequality and Democratization: An Elite-Competition Approach. Cambridge University Press, 2014.

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24

Tourism and Prosperity in Miao Land: Power and Inequality in Rural Ethnic China. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2017.

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25

Carter, Miguel. Challenging Social Inequality: The Landless Rural Workers Movement and Agrarian Reform in Brazil. Duke University Press, 2015.

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26

Dirk, Hansohm, and Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit., eds. Policy, poverty, and inequality in Namibia: The cases of trade policy and land policy. Ausspannplatz, Windhoek, Namibia: Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, 2000.

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27

American Dream and the Power of Wealth: Choosing Schools and Inheriting Inequality in the Land of Opportunity. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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28

Johnson, Heather Beth. American Dream and the Power of Wealth: Choosing Schools and Inheriting Inequality in the Land of Opportunity. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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29

The American Dream and the Power of Wealth: Choosing Schools and Inheriting Inequality in the Land of Opportunity. Routledge, 2006.

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30

Johnson, Heather Beth. The American Dream and the Power of Wealth: Choosing Schools and Inheriting Inequality in the Land of Opportunity. Routledge, 2006.

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31

O'Neill, Brian Juan. Social Inequality in a Portuguese Hamlet: Land, Late Marriage, and Bastardy, 18701978 (Cambridge Studies in Social and Cultural Anthropology). Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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32

Accelerated Land Reform, Mining, Growth, Unemployment and Inequality in South Africa: A Case for Bold Supply Side Policy Interventions. Palgrave Macmillan, 2020.

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33

Halliday, Daniel. Inequality and Economic Segregation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803355.003.0005.

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This chapter develops the idea of economic segregation as a type of injustice. Its approach consists in a sort of hybrid between luck egalitarianism, incorporating a concern about an individual’s prospects being dependent on unchosen conditions of family background, and social egalitarianism, with its emphasis on injustice being a feature of group difference. Special attention is paid to the way segregation occurs when nonfinancial capital becomes concentrated into different groups, typically according to the prior existence and endurance of group-based wealth inequalities. Having laid out this concern, brief consideration is given to whether the problem might be wholly solved through institutional reforms other than taxation.
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34

Versiani, Flavio. The Colonial Economy. Edited by Edmund Amann, Carlos R. Azzoni, and Werner Baer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190499983.013.2.

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The chapter deals with characteristics of the Brazilian colonial period (from 1500 to independence from Portugal in 1822) that have exercised a significant influence on later developments. Three aspects of the institutional framework of Portuguese colonization are emphasized: the relations between the colonial government and the private sector; the pattern of access to land by colonists; and the widespread use of slave labor. It is argued that colonial policies were detrimental to private initiative, hampering access to productivity gains from industrialization in the eighteenth century. Distribution of land, in large tracts, to privileged individuals was instrumental in establishing a pattern of inequality in wealth, power, and political influence; the landless majority helped to bring about an elastic supply of labor in later periods. Slavery, which dominated the labor market from the sixteenth century to the nineteenth, was an element of the inequality in income distribution that persists to the present.
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35

Chatterjee, Partha. Prelude. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792444.003.0001.

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This chapter takes a fresh look at the land question in India. Instead of re-engaging in the rich Marxian transition debate, this volume goes beyond that debate to critically examine theoretically the centrality of land in contemporary development discourse in India. But this chapter shows that land in India is sought increasingly for nonagricultural purposes, resulting in inequality and thus class and caste-based conflicts. The chapters collectively address interrelated questions on the role of the state involved in the process of dispossession of land from peasants and tribal communities arguably for developmental purposes. This chapter provides new analytical insights into the land acquisition processes, their legal-institutional and ethical implications, and captures empirically the multifaceted regional diversity of acquisition experiences in India.
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36

McGuire, James W. The Politics of Development in Latin America and East Asia. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.23.

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This article examines the politics of development in Latin America and East Asia, focusing on eight countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Thailand. It begins by analyzing levels and changes of GDP per capita and income inequality in these countries from 1960 to 2010, showing that the capitalist economies of Latin America grew more slowly and had higher income inequality than their East Asian counterparts. It considers the reasons for this development divergence, including government policies in such areas as land tenure, education, promotion of manufactured exports, and macroeconomic management. The article also looks at historical legacies and social-structural factors that help explain these cross-regional (as well as some intra-regional) policy differences, including colonial heritage, the geopolitical situation after World War II, natural resources, and class structure.
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37

Brown, Jeremy. Rural Life. Edited by Stephen A. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199602056.013.026.

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Everyday life under communism was predominantly rural, and most rural people living under communism were Chinese. This chapter examines rural work, including collective land arrangements, varying types of compensation, and creative survival strategies. It also focuses on the central roles of family and sex in the communist countryside. It concludes by assessing how technology, from tractors to electricity to irrigation, transformed villages. Centred on China but also covering rural life in Albania, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cuba, Hungary, Laos, North Korea, Romania, and Vietnam, the chapter shows that some villagers welcomed certain changes introduced by communist regimes, but systemic rural–urban inequality meant that rural people shouldered heavier burdens than city dwellers.
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38

Haq, Khadija, ed. Triumph of the Human Spirit. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199474684.003.0023.

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This chapter is a transcript of Haq’s address to the North South Roundtable of 1992, where he identifies five critical challenges for the global economy for the future. If addressed properly, these can change the course of human history. He stresses on the need for redefining security to include security for people, not just of land or territories; to redefine the existing models of development to include ‘sustainable human development’; to find a more pragmatic balance between market efficiency and social compassion; to forge a new partnership between the North and the South to address issues of inequality; and the need to think on new patterns of governance for the next decade.
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39

Cornia, Giovanni Andrea. The Macroeconomics of Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856672.001.0001.

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The book focuses on the short- and long-term macroeconomic challenges faced by developing countries characterized by missing, incomplete, and dualistic markets and weak institutions. Such problems affect long-term growth, short-term macroeconomic equilibrium, employment, and inequality far more than in the advanced economies. A central message of the book is that ignoring these features and applying to developing countries models inspired by the reality of advanced economies may lead to wrong conclusions and policies. These challenges are discussed for a number of archetypes of developing economies dependent on land and natural resources, affected by supply rigidities in agriculture, and featuring dualistic markets, a dominant informal sector, fast population growth, and chronic dependence on the export of commodities and a volatile external finance. Finally, the book discusses the impact on growth, inequality, and poverty of the stabilization and structural adjustment reforms that were increasingly implemented during the last thirty years. These issues have taken centre stage since the launch of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) initiatives that have not spelled out a clear macroeconomic approach. There is a risk, therefore, that the wrong policies and sudden shocks may derail progress towards the SDGs which might be achieved by means of social policies.
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40

Manes, Joan, and Nessa Wolfson. Language of Inequality (Contributions to the Sociology of Lang Series, No 36). Walter de Gruyter, Inc., 1985.

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41

Madsen, Richard. East Asian Buddhist Ethics. Edited by Daniel Cozort and James Mark Shields. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198746140.013.23.

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Buddhism was transmitted to China around the beginning of the Common Era and from there spread to the other societies in East Asia. The Mahāyāna tradition eventually became embedded in the ordinary life of those societies, closely intertwined with Confucian and Daoist ethics. Popular Buddhist ethics were basically utilitarian, a means to produce desirable consequences. In the twentieth century, reformers like Taixu (1890–1947) tried to purify this popular Buddhism and make it relevant to the challenges of modernity. The result was a ‘Buddhism in the Human Realm’ expressed as a virtue ethic that teaches its followers to develop the capacities to follow a bodhisattva path of creating a Pure Land on earth. This chapter explores the implications of this for the family, public life, politics and war, economic inequality, sexuality, and environmental ethics.
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42

Hsu, Madeline Y. Conclusion. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691164021.003.0009.

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This concluding chapter considers early twenty-first-century immigration controls as furthering national economic advantage. The immigrant I.M. Pei, with his imported talent and skills, illustrates the diminishing of racial inequality through his exceptional accomplishments and success even as he reflects the hollowness of such civil rights victories. The quantified overattainment by the Asian American model minority emanates in large measure from immigration preferences that privilege those most likely to succeed educationally, economically, and now entrepreneurially. Model minority successes have served as rebukes to less well performing minority populations by implying that their failure to attain equal standing does not result from past and ongoing discrimination but is somehow attributable to a lack of the kind of cultural values that would produce upward mobility in the land of equal opportunity.
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43

Mac Suibhne, Breandán. The Last Places Man Created. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198738619.003.0004.

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Beagh is a small neighbourhood (380 acres), two miles west of the two-street town of Ardara. Here, the cultivation of potatoes had facilitated demographic expansion from the mid-eighteenth century, and in 1841 it was home to c.115–20 people. Beagh was then part of the Marquis of Conyngham’s Boylagh Estate and, prior to 1841, it had been held in rundale, a system of land use that involved communal rights and responsibilities. In 1837, leases on the estate expired and, over much of Boylagh, the landlord’s agent ordered the replacement of rundale by a ‘divided’ system in which ‘every man is only accountable for his own portion’. The change involved social and cultural dislocation, but, in Beagh, it cannot be shown to have significantly increased inequality between landholders as happened elsewhere; still, it undoubtedly involved the removal of some landless subtenants.
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44

Kaufman, Ned. The Social Sciences. Edited by Angela M. Labrador and Neil Asher Silberman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676315.013.17.

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The conservation of cultural heritage has not kept up with social and environmental changes such as climate change, widening economic inequality, cultural diversity, and mass migration. This chapter evaluates three disciplines that illuminate a central conservation problem—the nature and protection of place—at different scales and with different success. Environmental psychology explains emotional attachment to places: it shows that people care about different kinds of places, and for different reasons, than those recognized by conservation. Economics explains the role of places in systems of production and exchange: while orthodox economics incorporates premises that conservationists know to be false, other schools of thought—behavioral, human development, Georgist, common land, and ecological economics—are more useful. Climate science, which must be balanced with emerging understandings of climate justice, reveals new roles and challenges for the conservation of place, not merely in protecting threatened heritage but also in reducing carbon emissions.
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45

Kuisong, Yang, and Stephen A. Smith. Communism in China, 1900–2010. Edited by Stephen A. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199602056.013.047.

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The article examines the rise of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from its foundation in the May Fourth Movement, through the first and second united fronts with the Guomindang to victory following the Sino-Japanese War in 1945. It examines land reform and the campaigns against counter-revolutionaries and the attempt of Mao Zedong to leap into communism through the Great Leap Forward. It shows how Mao concluded from the ‘revisionism’ in the Soviet Union that advance from ‘undeveloped’ to ‘developed’ socialism depends on continuous class struggle against those who would take the capitalist road. The postscript traces China’s rise to the world’s second largest economic power, via policies of export-led and investment- led growth initiated by Deng Xiaoping. It shows that this has bought unprecedented prosperity but also unprecedented inequality. It concludes that rising social conflict does not at present threaten the stability of the CCP.
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46

Ren, Xuefei. Governing the Urban in China and India. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691203393.001.0001.

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Urbanization is rapidly overtaking China and India, the two most populous countries in the world. One-sixth of humanity now lives in either a Chinese or Indian city. This transformation has unleashed enormous pressures on land use, housing, and the environment. Despite the stakes, the workings of urban governance in China and India remain obscure and poorly understood. This book explores how China and India govern their cities and how their different styles of governance produce inequality and exclusion. Drawing upon historical comparative analyses and extensive fieldwork (in Beijing, Guangzhou, Wukan, Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata), the book investigates the ways that Chinese and Indian cities manage land acquisition, slum clearance, and air pollution. It discovers that the two countries address these issues through radically different approaches. In China, urban governance centers on territorial institutions, such as hukou and the cadre evaluation system. In India, urban governance centers on associational politics, encompassing contingent alliances formed among state actors, the private sector, and civil society groups. The book traces the origins of territorial and associational forms of governance to late imperial China and precolonial India. It then shows how these forms have evolved to shape urban growth and residents' struggles today. As the number of urban residents in China and India reaches beyond a billion, this book makes clear that the development of cities in these two nations will have profound consequences well beyond their borders.
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47

Fitzgerald, Joan. Greenovation. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695514.001.0001.

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Collectively, cities take up a relatively tiny amount of land on the earth, yet emit 72 percent of greenhouse gas emissions. Clearly, cities need to be at the center of any broad effort to reduce climate change. This book argues that too many cities are only implementing random acts of greenness that will do little to address the climate crisis. It instead calls for “greenovation”—using the city as a test bed for adopting and perfecting green technologies for more energy-efficient buildings, transportation, and infrastructure more broadly. Further, the text contends that while many city mayors cite income inequality as a pressing problem, few cities are connecting climate action and social justice—another aspect of greenovation. Focusing on the biggest producers of greenhouse gases in cities, buildings, energy, and transportation, the book examines how greenovating cities are reducing emissions overall and lays out an agenda for fostering and implementing urban innovations that can help reverse the path toward irrevocable climate damage. Drawing on interviews with practitioners in more than 20 North American and European cities, the book identifies the strategies and policies they are employing and how support from state, provincial, and national governments has supported or thwarted their efforts.
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48

Wan, Guanghua, and Ming Lu, eds. Cities of Dragons and Elephants. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829225.001.0001.

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This book offers a systematic and comparative study on urbanization and urban development in China and India. Contributed by a team of top experts from China and India, it contains original research papers that have not been published. The study aims at addressing two most fundamental issues of urbanization: why and where to urbanize. The first issue relates to the speed and scale of urbanization and the second issue relates to urban systems or spatial distribution of urbanites in different-sized cities. To answer these two questions, the book examines various drivers and compares the benefits and costs of urbanization from different perspectives, paying particular attention to the roles of markets, government and the society. This book presents evidence-based policy suggestions regarding labor market, land and housing market, FDI and capital market, education, environment, poverty and inequality, etc. The main conclusion from this study is: Asian countries like China and India will experience an urbanization path led by mega-cities. What the government can do is to improve liveability within cities and equalize life quality across cities. Given the similarities and differences of these two giants, it is anticipated that findings, conclusions and implications from this comparative analysis will be useful to other governments, institutions as well as researchers in Asia and beyond.
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49

Whyman, Susan E. The Useful Knowledge of William Hutton. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797838.001.0001.

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The Useful Knowledge of William Hutton shows the rapid rise of a self-taught workman and of the city of Birmingham during the two major events of the eighteenth century—the Industrial Revolution and the Enlightenment. Hutton achieved wealth, land, status, and literary fame, but later became a victim of violent riots. The book boldly claims that an understanding of the Industrial Revolution requires engaging with the figure of the ‘rough diamond’, a person of worth and character, but lacking in manners, education, and refinement. A cast of unpolished entrepreneurs is brought to life as they drive economic and social change, and improve their towns and themselves. The book also contends that the rise of Birmingham cannot be understood without accepting that its vibrant cultural life was a crucial factor that spurred economic growth. Readers are plunged into a hidden provincial world marked by literacy, bookshops, printing, authorship, and the spread of useful knowledge. We see that ordinary people read history and wrote poetry, whilst they grappled with the effects of industrial change. Newly discovered memoirs reveal social conflict and relationships in rare detail. They also address problems of social mobility, income inequality, and breathtaking technological change that perplex us today.
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50

Herring, Ronald J., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Food, Politics, and Society. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.001.0001.

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This book explores the complex interrelationships between food and agriculture, politics, and society. More specifically, it considers the political aspects of three basic economic questions: what is to be produced? how is it to be produced? how it is to be distributed? It also outlines three unifying themes running through the politics of answering these societal questions with regard to food, namely: ecology, technology and property. Furthermore, the book examines the tendency to address the new organization of global civil society around food, its production, distribution, and consequences for the least powerful within the context of the North-South divide; the problems of malnutrition as opposed to poverty, food insecurity, and food shortages, as well as the widespread undernutrition in developing countries; and how biotechnology can be used to ensure a sustainable human future by addressing global problems such as human population growth, pollution, climate change, and limited access to clean water and other basic food production resources. The influence of science and politics on the framing of modern agricultural technologies is also discussed, along with the worsening food crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa, food security and food safety, and the relationship between gender inequality and food security. Other chapters deal with the link between land and food and its implications for social justice; the "eco-shopping” perspective; the transformation of the agrifood industry in developing countries; the role of wild foods in food security; agroecological intensification of smallholder production systems; and the ethics of food production and consumption.
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