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1

Chan, Nelson. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2003): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100050.

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Since the introduction of the ‘open door?policy in 1978, China has made significant progress in all aspects. Rapid economic development has sped up the urbanisation of the country. In 1995, there were 640 cities in China. At the end of 1999 the number increased to 667. The high rate of urbanisation has led to great demand for land for infrastructure and property developments. In order to obtain more developable land, the government has implemented various measures, including compulsory land acquisitions to meet the demand. In 1995, about 812 km2 of land was acquired by the government. In 1999, the amount of land acquired was about 340 km2. Although this indicates a falling trend, the amount of land acquired was still very substantial. Land acquisition in China is carried out according to the provisions of the People’s Republic of China Land Administration Law. At present, the law does not address the issue of just compensation to the affected people, and has caused great discontent. This paper attempts to identify the problems and suggests recommendations for improvement.
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Nallathiga, Ramakrishna. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 132–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100072.

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TThe economic justification for regulation of land markets through land use controls and other policy instruments is a well-studied subject in developed countries. However, in the recent years, there has been an increasing realisation that the regulation of urban land use and its development has been resulting in some undesirable impacts, in particularly, on the operation of land or property markets, which result in increases in land prices and a reduction in the welfare of people. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of the density regulation impact on land prices in Mumbai city. The study finds that the impact of density regulation is highest on the already highly demanded space in the CBD; also, the impact is significant in the suburbs. The study results, however, need to be interpreted more carefully in the light of other land use and housing regulations already in operation.
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Liu, Xiaolong, and Weidong Qu. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 18, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100195.

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Since its liberalization in 2003, the urban land lease market in China has experienced substantial growth in terms of both the volume and value of transactions. At the same time, significant transaction premiums are observed in these land transactions; these premiums make the general public skeptical about the emergence of a property market bubble that stems from aggressive bidding in the land market. In this paper, we seek to rationalize this phenomenon by means of the event study method. By using a land transaction dataset from Beijing for the period 2003 to 2013, we find that the capital market reacts significantly to land bidding events. In addition, the land transaction premium observed in the Chinese land market can be explained by the signaling effect, in that developers tend to use the bidding price as a signaling device to disseminate favorable private information to the marketplace.
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Deng, Changrong, Yongkai Ma, and Yao-Min Chiang. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 12, no. 2 (August 31, 2009): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100108.

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The objective of this paper is to investigate the dynamic effects of fundamental factors on housing prices in China. We examine how quickly and strongly housing prices react to changes in these factors. We especially want to test whether these reactions change after China adopted a new system for granting land use rights in 2002. We find that the main fundamental explanatory factors explaining Chinese housing price variations are household disposable income, new-build supply, housing units sold, unemployment, and land prices. Among these factors, the most important one is land price. The effect of land prices on housing prices is especially enhanced after adoption of the new system for granting land use rights in 2002.
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Dowall, David E., and Paavo Monkkonen. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2008): 142–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100101.

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The metropolitan area of Chennai, India, presents an interesting case study on India’s transforming economy because it has a unique urban structure for an Indian city of its size. It has an extremely high population density at the city center that is becoming even more crowded. It is also experiencing rapid, but low-density, expansion at the periphery. This paper documents Chennai’s spatial development with detailed data on land use, population density, and land values. A hedonic regression on the price of land suggests that de facto policy differences between political jurisdictions have had a significant effect on land prices. However, the data presented in this paper suggest that land policy reforms in Chennai have been successful in reducing some of the sprawling urban development patterns evident in the 1970’s and 1980’s. Nevertheless, policymakers in Chennai continue to face the double challenge of an extremely dense urban core combined with extensive urban growth.
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6

Kim, Jinu. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 1, no. 1 (June 30, 1998): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100008.

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This study aims to analyze the performance of industrial rents and land values in the Sydney property market. In the Sydney industrial property market, no growth of the rents and marginal growth of the land values in real terms has been seen between 1976 to 1996. It means that the overall return from an investment in industrial property is achieved largely from initial yield and current rental incomes, rather than rental growth and capital appreciation. The trends of real growth of industrial rents and land values have a similar cycle, but different magnitude (a or s) of fluctuation. It is concluded that industrial rent is determined more by demand than supply side factors, while land value is determined more by supply side factors than demand side factors.
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7

Krakstad, Svein Olav. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 18, no. 4 (December 31, 2015): 429–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100208.

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This study analyzes the housing market by using four key ratios: price-rent, price-building cost, price-land cost and price-wage. We attempt to determine how they work together in order to explain the housing market. A unique dataset from Norway is used to investigate the long-run movements of the variables. In order to analyze these, we have created Norwegian hedonic indices for building and land costs. The cointegration tests confirm that there are long-term relationships between these ratios. The results show that these ratios affect future movement in house prices, rents, and building and land costs. Wages are weakly exogenous in the system and therefore drive house prices, rents, and building and land costs in the long run.
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8

Lai, Rose Neng, and Ko Wang. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 2, no. 1 (June 30, 1999): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100017.

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The Hong Kong residential market is unique in several aspects: restricted land supply, high price volatility, high appreciation rate, a small group of large developers, and a huge public housing sector. Assuming that higher price appreciation and volatility can be attributed to the limited land supply, this study examines the relationships among developers’ housing-supply decisions, government land-supply decisions, and public housing policies. Using data for the 1973-1997 period, our result shows that an increase in land supply by the Hong Kong government may not be a solution to the perceived shortage of housing supply in Hong Kong. This finding indicates that it is important to examine developers’ profit maximization strategies when enacting public policies related to property markets.
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9

Li, Yuming. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 2, no. 1 (June 30, 1999): 94–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100014.

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One of the most important issues in emerging markets is the timing and intensity of land development decisions and how these decisions affect property values. In these markets, newly developed office space and residential units often account for a substantial proportion of the aggregate supply of similar types of developed properties. In this article I use a real option model to study the land development problem faced by a central planner. The optimal capital intensity, the value of land and the post- development rents and property values in these markets are strikingly lower than the corresponding values in the markets where the demand is perfectly elastic. Furthermore, the optimal capital intensity and the value of land are most sensitive to the market demand conditions in the emerging markets experiencing the fastest growth or greatest uncertainty, or at times when interest rates or construction costs are lowest.
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Kim, Jin, and Ming Zhang. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2005): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100058.

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Literature regarding transit’s impact on land values reports mixed results concerning the economic benefits of accessibility to subway stations, specifically regarding commercial properties. After examining 731 commercial land values in Seoul, Korea, this study suggests a possible explanation for the mixed results: transit’s discrimination impact on land values by location in a built-up urban area. The regression coefficient for distance to station in the central business district is the highest, the subcenters are next, and other areas are lowest – apparently a strong correlation with higher centrality and development densities of submarkets. Also, the inclusion of spatial lag and error term variables greatly improves the goodness of fit of the regression equations lowering the spatial autocorrelation in the ordinary least squares residuals as well as reduces overestimation of value premiums in association with rail transit stations, which enables a regression model to produce a more accurate and efficient estimator for transit’s impact on commercial land values.
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11

Fu, Yuming, Tsur Somerville, Mengdi Gu, and Tongcheng Huang. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 2, no. 1 (June 30, 1999): 49–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100012.

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This paper reviews the urban redevelopment activities in Shanghai as the land market reforms were introduced. We focus on the impact of land use institutions on the spatial pattern of these activities. Sites for private real estate redevelopment were supplied by individual districts in the city. But the need for districts to pay for the resettlement of displaced residents contributed to a spatial mismatch between the supply of redevelopment sites and the market demand for commercial real estate space. Resettlement costs are highest at the high demand locations. State owned enterprises and institutions occupying land allocated by the state also engaged in real estate development. Whereas the density of private redevelopment was sensitive to the volume of commercial activities in a district, this does not appear to have been important in determining the location of the significant increase in the stock of commercial space resulting from development by local enterprises and institutions. This growth shows considerable decentralization between 1993 and 1996, 50 Fu, Somerville, Gu and Huang indicative of spatially inefficient redevelopment activities by land-rich state enterprises.
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12

Mills, Edwin S. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100034.

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Government controls on urban land use are as pervasive as death and taxes. Certainly, I have never been in or seen reference to a country that placed no or even almost no, controls on how owners could develop and use urban land. The most comprehensive study of urban housing development policies, Angel and Mayo (1996), which covers 53 countries that include 80 percent of the world’s population, included none that approximated free markets in housing.
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13

Hui, Eddie C. M., and Ka Hung Yu. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100067.

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This study introduces a combined method, on the basis of both system dynamics and econometric modeling, in forecasting the office rental values in Hong Kong. The findings suggest that the office rental values in Hong Kong appear to be more fluctuating when the price level of the office ownership market is comparatively volatile, likely due to the over-reaction of economic trends by the supply side of the property market. It is plausible to say development lags and adjustment cost, under the current land policies in Hong Kong, are the main attributes behind this phenomenon. In order to reduce the volatility on the office market, the government should relax the approval procedures concerning changing land use, and the subsequent rearrangement of premium payment. Further, the current policies on land sales need to be revised, especially concerning the application list system. Those measures could reduce the time required and the transaction cost incurred for the supply side to adjust to the ever-changing demand.
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14

Guo, Peijun. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 13, no. 3 (December 31, 2010): 238–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100127.

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Land development is a typical one-shot decision for private investors due to the huge investment expense and the fear of substantial loss. In this paper, a private real estate investment problem is analyzed within a one-shot decision framework, which is used for a situation where a decision is made only once. The one-shot decision framework involves two steps. The first is to identify which state of nature should be focused for each alternative. The second is to evaluate alternatives by using the focused states of nature. In a one-shot decision framework, the behavior of different types of private investors, such as normal, active, passive and more easily satisfied ones, are examined. The analysis provides insights into personal real estate investment and important policy implications in the regulation of urban land development.
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15

Chen, Yen-Jong, and Cheng-Kai Hsu. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100308.

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Constructing multimodal stations is one of the considered ways to implement transit-oriented development (TOD), with the goal of synergizing land use and transportation to promote both greater transit accessibility and sustainability in urban areas. Improvements in such accessibility have led to an uplift in land value and housing prices. These price changes have been primarily studied by analyzing the effects of proximity to stations of a single line or multi-line mass rapid transit (MRT) system. However, little attention has been paid to investigating the effects of different types of multimodal MRTs and railway joined stations. The aim of this study is to investigate the different types of multimodal stations in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. We use publicly available housing transaction data to construct hedonic price models. The results show that in the Kaohsiung MRT stations, an increase of 100 m in distance from the stations results in a TWD 258,000 decrease in the average housing price. The housing price elasticity with respect to a 1% increase in distance from these stations is -0.067%.
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16

Kiedrzynek, Michał. "The Concept of Land Real Estate in the Act on Real Estate Management." Gubernaculum et Administratio 2(22) (2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/gea.2020.02.09.

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The management of public real estate has been regulated in many legal acts, among which the Act of August 21, 1997 on real estate management plays the greatest role. The definitions contained in it are intended to explain the most important concepts related to the subject of this act. However, with regard to the definition of land real estate, we are dealing with a repetition of what was defined by the provisions of civil law. Such a situation raises justified interpretation doubts, which may have significant consequences in the application of this act. The existence of two definitions for the same object is undesirable and the Real Estate Management Act should be amended in this respect by including an appropriate reference to the provisions of civil law.
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17

Gaikwad, Dipak D., Akshay N. Hambir, hantanu S. Chavan, Gayatri K. Khedkar, and Dr Shashikant V. Athawale. "Real Estate Land Transaction System Using Blockchain." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40633.

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Abstract: Real Estate Management in India as well as in many parts of the world is a very inefficient and insecure process. Developing a secure system that not only accelerates the process of land registration but also makes it efficient and secure will be effective. Blockchain technology is one of the latest and secured technologies on the horizon and has evolved over the last 9-11 years. There is tremendous potential for usage of Blockchain technology in the land industry. This paper presents a blockchainpowered real estate management system that will impart transparency, efficiency, and security in Real Estate Management. The decentralized data storage application and its interactions with Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) are presented to point out the event of a sensible contract which will be used for blockchain smart contracts in real estate management. Further, a detailed design and interaction mechanism are highlighted for the estate owners and users as parties to a sensible contract. It will store all the transactions on a distributed blockchain which will be very secure and will not be prone to hacking. A list of functions for initiating, creating, modifying, or terminating a sensible contract is presented and this will help the user enjoy a more immersive, user-friendly, and visualized contracting process, whereas the owners and real estate agents can enjoy more business and sales. It is a practical solution to the real estate management problem in the real world. Keywords: Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Real Estate Management, Ethereum Virtual Machine, Transparent Contracting Process
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18

Veuger, Jan. "Dutch blockchain, real estate and land registration." Journal of Property, Planning and Environmental Law 12, no. 2 (May 4, 2020): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jppel-11-2019-0053.

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Purpose A first exploration of the impact of blockchain on real estate in the Netherlands took place in 2017. In the follow-up, several blockchain and real estate studies have appeared with research on real estate and blockchain worldwide. In view of the previous research, the question remained as to what is now happening worldwide in the field of blockchain and real estate. This has resulted in the start-up of the Foundation for International Blockchain and Real Estate Expertise (FIBREE) network. This network has led to the launch of two investigations: Industry Report Blockchain Real Estate 2019 on exploration of international products and a database exploring blockchain and real estate on exploring (inter)national research. This paper aims to provides an overview and analysis of all relevant scientific publications – targeted on the Netherlands – and does so within a context of a first small international exploration of international research, experts and products – in particular land registration. Design/methodology/approach I have asked everybody at the Regionals Chairs of FIBREE to collect data with info about which blockchain and real estate product-suppliers or initiatives do you see, which research-output on blockchain and real estate is there and who are the experts with which specific expertise? This paper provides an overview and analysis of all relevant scientific publications – targeted on the Netherlands – and does so within a context of a first small international exploration of international research, experts and products – in particular land registration. Findings This paper provides an overview and analysis of all relevant scientific publications – targeted on the Netherlands – and does so within a context of a first small international exploration of international research, experts and products – in particular land registration. Research limitations/implications A question that remains is to continue to look at existing markets or too disruptive innovation newcomers in the blockchain market. The question is whether blockchain is only a technological disruption or a real game changer and whether the entire value chain of the market is going to embrace this. Confidence in blockchain is therefore a precondition for guiding that disruption where (new) companies use new technology to offer cheaper and superior alternatives in the market. But the big question is how quickly blockchain will develop as well as all its applications. Practical/social implications A question that remains is to continue to look at existing markets or too disruptive innovation newcomers in the blockchain market. The question is whether blockchain is only a technological disruption or a real game changer and whether the entire value chain of the market is going to embrace this. Confidence in blockchain is therefore a precondition for guiding that disruption where (new) companies use new technologies to offer cheaper and superior alternatives in the market. But the big question is how quickly blockchain will develop as well as all its applications. Originality/value A first exploration of the influence of blockchain on real estate in the Netherlands took place in 2017. In the follow-up, several blockchain and real estate studies appear with research about real estate and blockchain worldwide.
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19

Brzezicki, T., and P. Kornieiev. "Tax on real estate, other than land." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 65 (October 25, 2021): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.65.38.

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The study examines the mechanism of real estate taxation. The current state of their functioning in Ukraine is analysed in detail. Problems of legal and regulatory nature are also investigated. The main features that characterize this tax, both in Ukrainian and Polish legislation, are also described. In addition the feasibility of reforming the tax base in the Ukrainian legislation is analyzed. Analyzed the experience of foreign countries, and held a parallel to the functioning of the tax in Poland, as an example, one of Europe’s economically developed countries. This article focuses on tax on immovable property. The introduction of real estate tax in Ukraine has followed a difficult path. The authors emphasize that development, and global development, is not possible without the socio-economic development of the country. In the authors’ view, development must begin in the cities, namely with the effective formation of local budgets. Because the financial resources of the cities have a direct influence on the solution of social and economic problems. The problem of deficiency of financial resources of cities, is a frequent problem on the territory of Ukraine. Therefore, we consider it necessary to pay attention to the European practice of countries that have a rational approach to the redistribution of income, with the help of certain tax rates, or by applying the benefits provided by the legislation. Statistical data shows that property tax has been introduced in about 130 coun-tries, thereby providing a significant part of budget revenues. The study is written using the descriptive method on the basis of administrative court jurisprudence and tax law literature.
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Gu, Anthony Yanxiang, and Joseph W. Trefzger. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2000): 142–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100025.

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This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of real estate-related taxes that might be imposed in mainland China, in light of the government’s needs for tax revenue and the economy’s need for incentives to develop land. Some policy recommendations are presented, based on an analysis of real estate taxation in general and of China’s specific needs. As one recent article has noted, understanding how behavior adjusts in response to taxation is one of the most important issues in public finance.
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Leung, Charles. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 383–428. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100207.

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Housing prices in Hong Kong have gained international attention. This study suggests that the housing supply may be insufficient. Consistent with previous studies, we confirm that merely increasing the land supply may not increase the housing supply. We also find preliminary evidence for widening income inequality, which, when combined with unavailability, can lead to unaffordability in the housing market. Given the current housing supply elasticity with respect to price, Hong Kong is not more volatile than major cities in the United States. Thus, by improving housing availability and thereby increasing housing supply elasticity, this could effectively decrease housing price volatility.
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Seiler, Michael J. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 17, no. 2 (August 31, 2014): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100182.

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This study uses a behavioral approach to measure the impact of a partial eminent domain land taking (which affects easement rights and causes proximity damage) on residential property values. Existing appraisal methods are not suited to handle this type of unique valuation impact determination, yet diminution must be determined by the courts to establish proper "just compensation". To accomplish the quantification of damages, an experimental design is implemented that allows the market to voice its opinion of valuation impact through a mechanism other than direct comparable sales. Moreover, this behavioral methodology can and should be used in a number of additional real estate valuation applications.
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Nesterenko, S., Y. Radzinska, V. Frolov, and P. Firsov. "LEGAL ASPECTS OF LAND FORMATION UNDER REAL ESTATE OBJECTS." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 161 (March 26, 2021): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-1-161-129-133.

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Given the provisions of the existing regulatory framework, contributions and achievements in the development of modern land management, it can be noted that the current outline of legal features of land and real estate, the presence of significant gaps and unresolved issues need to clarify these problems and find effective practical measures. The purpose of the article is to study the existing regulatory requirements for the acquisition of ownership of real estate in combination with ownership of land. The article examines the existing regulatory requirements for the acquisition of ownership of real estate in combination with ownership of land. The paper analyzes modern approaches to obtaining the right to land under real estate in Ukraine. The procedure for assigning a cadastral number before the alienation of real estate is determined; schemes of land formation under the real estate object; the procedure for state registration of real estate rights and the grounds for refusal of it and others are determined. The order, principles, requirements and regulatory documents at formation of the ground area under real estate objects are offered. The article considers the peculiarities of assigning a cadastral number to the land plot on which the residential building is located. It is noted that the state registration of land plots is carried out at their location by the relevant state cadastral registrar. It is determined that the acquisition of the right to a person's share in the ownership of a residential building, building or structure under the contract as a result of state registration of rights is a fact of acquisition of real estate. The norms specified in the article establish the general principle of integrity of the real estate object with the land plot on which this object is located. According to these norms, the definition of land rights is directly dependent on the ownership of the building and structure. The provisions developed in the article will increase the efficiency of land use and real estate by defining regulations on their mutual influence.
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Wong, Gary Wai Chung, and Lok Sang Ho. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 375–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100247.

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This paper builds on the literature that shows policy often plays a key role in housing cycles. Using the cointegration approach which focuses on the supply and demand dynamics of the housing market, and with explicit consideration of housing price expectations proxied by the price-earning ratio in financial markets, this paper identifies two cointegrating relations: a long run demand-side relation that involves housing property price, interest rate, price expectation and income; and a supply-side relation that involves private housing completion, property price, interest rate, and building and land costs. Based on Hong Kong data from 1990 a£á¡§ 2012, which covers big cycles in the housing market, this paper suggests that policies to augment or restrain housing supply in the attempt to stabilize housing prices have been counterproductive.
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Rozlapa, D. "Purchase of real estate and land market in Latvia – Scientific Information." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 5 (February 20, 2012): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5101-agricecon.

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Lin, Chu-Chia, and Sue-Jing Lin. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 2, no. 1 (June 30, 1999): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100015.

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Buying a house usually satisfies housing consumption demand and housing investment demand, simultaneously. In order to disentangle the above two types of demand, households, in this study, are separated into three subtenure groups i.e. renters, owners owning one house, and owners buying a second or more houses. Presumably, renting a house is for consumption only, while buying a second house is usually for investment purposes. Applying a two-period model and two data sets from DGBAS and from Land Bank of Taiwan, the estimated results are as follows: Firstly, the income elasticity of pure consumption demand for housing is very close to unity (1.0413). Secondly, the income elasticity for a pure investment demand is greater than one (1.2643). Finally, for a household owning only one house, the shares for consumption motive and for investment motive are 26% and 74%, respectively.
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Pandya, Jigar V., and Vikram M. Patel. "Evaluating Critical Factors Impacting Real Estate Development Decisions." Real Estate Management and Valuation 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/remav-2020-0010.

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AbstractWe find that critical factors affecting real estate project decisions can vary while market changes in the city of Ahmedabad have led to the majority of landmark buildings facing obsolesce, redevelopment and spatial redundancy. Case studies can assist in data collection in the cultural context and accommodate indirect observations of the variables analyzed in the early stages of research (Teegavarapu & Summers, 2008; Rowley, 2002). Decisions have led to capital losses for some, while bringing about profitable opportunities for developers who take timely risks.We also find that the land pooling technique used by the State in city development has successfully promoted land banking for public purpose but has also contributed to speculative land price appreciation. AHP rankings show that the surveyed practicing developers prioritized location factors such as neighborhood character and availability of land above land use zones and land auctions. Among project factors, FAR (Floor Area Ratio), abutting road width and road frontage of the land ranked higher compared to building design. In the professional practice category, the availability of finance, the timing of project announcement and past project experience of the developers ranked higher compared to brand value and speculation.
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Gaibatova, K. D., and M. A. Aliverdieva. "LAND PLOT AS A SINGLE REAL ESTATE OBJECT." Law Нerald of Dagestan State Universit 34, no. 2 (2020): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21779/2224-0241-2020-34-2-114-117.

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This article addresses the problems of considering a land plot as a single property. Particular attention is paid to the content of the principle of the unity of the fate of the land plot and real estate located on it. The foreign practice of implementing this principle in different systems of law and order is considered. It is noted that Russian legislation is in a transitional stage to a “single property”, which raises a number of problematic issues that need to be resolved. The authors propose to work out such a definition of a single real estate object that will coincide and comply with the principle of the unity of fate of land plots and real estate objects firmly connected with them. To do this, it is necessary to establish a legal connection in which, regardless of which object will be alienated, the other will inextricably follow his fate. The article concludes the need to introduce the principle of “unity of the property”, which will eliminate the contradictions, inconsistencies and gaps in the legal regulation of the investigated sphere of legal relations. In addition, the authors conclude that the introduction into civil law of the concept of a single real estate object will facilitate tax administration and taxation for citizens and organizations, as well as simplify cadastral registration and registration of transfer of ownership of real estate.
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Alexeev, V. A. "Artificial land plot as a real estate object." Russian justice 3 (March 25, 2021): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/0131-6761-2021-3-52-55.

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The article deals with the concept of an artificial land plot and critically analyzes its legislative definition. The author establishes the correlation of the concepts ‘artificial land plot’, ‘artificial island’, ‘hydraulic engineering structure’. A proposal is made to eliminate the reference of an artificial land plot to constructions.
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Mičurová, V. "Development of structure and exploitation of agriculture land fund in Latvia." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 4 (March 1, 2012): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5376-agricecon.

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Agriculture is a sector in Latvia which plays an important role in the country’s economy and the same time performs a significant social, environmental and ethno-cultural function. Latvia has favourable conditions for the development of organic agriculture. The aim of land reform is to reorganise legal, social and economic relationships of land property and land use to facilitate the development of infrastructure, land protection and rational land use according to the interests of society. In Latvia, the land reform is practically carried out in three directions – restitution of real estate rights, privatisation of real property and compensation for previous real estate. At the moment, the main and urgent goal concerns strengthening of the results of land reform. It means that all the information on real estates (land and buildings), uses and area of lease obtained during the previous course of land reform must be reflected into the real property cadastre.
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31

Ong, Seow Eng. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2000): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100021.

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This paper examines the ability of buyers to afford and upgrade to private housing using the experience in land scarce Singapore as a case study. The concepts of the “threshold buyer?and “threshold upgrader?are introduced to construct an operational inter-temporal model of affordability and upward mobility, taking into consideration income, mortgage rates, prices of public housing flats and the legislative/financing framework in Singapore. The theoretical private property price computed by the upward mobility model is the lower bound dictated by affordability and cash outlay considerations such that the buyer/upgrader is no better or worse off arising from changes in the relevant factors over time. The model is empirically tested to evaluate the theoretical underpinnings as well as the ability of the model to predict private property price. Finally, the paper examines the implications for housing ownership policy in a wider context.
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32

Su, Xing, and Zhu Qian. "State Intervention in Land Supply and Its Impact on Real Estate Investment in China: Evidence from Prefecture-Level Cities." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031019.

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State intervention in land supply can be a powerful tool in shaping real estate investment. Yet, few studies have examined the effect of central state intervention on land supply at the municipal level and the impact of land supply on real estate investment with respect to different tiers of prefecture-level cities in China. Varying central–local dynamics of land supply in different tiers of cities, and the often taken-for-granted relationship between land supply and real estate investment, warrant further investigation. This study aims to fill these gaps. It is found that the multi-purposed central land policy and the varying land leasing strategies adopted by different tiers of cities contribute to the varying land supply trajectories, calling for more nuanced and better-tailored central land policies that focus on the socioeconomic conditions of cities. The general significant and positive correlation between land supply and real estate investment, revealed by a panel regression analysis incorporating 280 prefecture-level Chinese cities, suggests that land supply control can function as a critical tool in governing real estate investment in China, which also sheds light on the governance and promotion of sustainable real estate markets in other parts of the world. This study also reveals a higher possibility of land speculation in first- and second-tier cities than that of low-tier cities. The nuanced correlations between land supply and real estate investment and the varying land development strategies employed in different tiers of Chinese cities imply that the effectiveness of land supply intervention in shaping healthy real estate investment may depend on local contingencies, calling for meticulous and tailored governance on land supply and real estate investment behaviors.
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Zuo, Rui. "Research on the Land Decision of Real Estate Enterprises Based on Fuzzy AHP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 2263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.2263.

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Land decision is a prerequisite for the healthy development of real estate enterprises, the decision-making is a multi-criteria decision-making problem. This paper mainly research on the real estate enterprises’ land decision, considering the land decision factors integrating real estate enterprises’ characteristic, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy theory to effectively integrate qualitative and quantitative factors of the real estate enterprises’ land decision. First of all, this paper expounds the real estate enterprises’ land decision-making process based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Secondly, it takes an example of a real estate enterprise to analysis it. Finally, the research showed that the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was effectiveness and feasibility.
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Ilyinykh, Anastasiya L. "FACTORS OF FORMATION OF REAL ESTATE VALUE." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-3-2-79-86.

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One of the most important prerequisites for the effective use of land resources and real estate objects is the correct determination of its cadastral or market value, which allows you to establish reasonable amounts of payments for land and real estate, primarily tax payments. The composition of the main factors of the formation of the value of real estate objects for the purposes of cadastral and market valuation is considered. The cost factors characteristic of residential premises are highlighted.
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35

Dokko, Yoon, and Robert H. Edelstein. "Towards a Real Estate Land use Modeling Paradigm." Real Estate Economics 20, no. 2 (June 1992): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.00580.

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36

Schoonover, Karl, and Barbara Corsi. "Primed Real Estate: Film Producers and Land Development." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 40, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2020.1715600.

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37

Welch, Robyn. "Economics, Real Estate and the Supply of Land." Papers in Regional Science 84, no. 3 (August 2005): 526–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2005.00020_3.x.

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38

Aydinoglu, A. C., and R. Bovkir. "DEVELOPING A MOBILE APPLICATION FOR SMART REAL ESTATE INFORMATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-4/W3-2020 (November 23, 2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w3-2020-89-2020.

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Abstract. Successful land information management is an important issue for governments in regards to sustainable development. Reliable and comprehensive data about land and all related factors are essential for effective land policies. Various land related legal applications such as planning, taxation, property management, mortgage, and real estate investments require interoperable, extensive and realistic information about the land and real property. GIS provides greater insight into land by its capability to advance geographic analysis in different aspects. The statistical analysis capabilities of GIS increase the efficiency and accuracy of the evaluations related to land and real estate. Along with the developments of information and communication technologies, modern GIS technologies can handle large and complex data. Web-based and mobile GIS technologies provide the capability of operating and sharing local data and provide geographic analysis tools to users via the web. In this way, various mobile GIS applications can be developed in many different application areas. In this study, a mobile application titled as Smart Real Estate was developed for presenting urban real estate characteristics in different thematic groups by analysing data in different formats coming from different sources.
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39

Dogan, Can, and John Can Topuz. "Real effects of real estate: evidence from unemployment rates." Studies in Economics and Finance 37, no. 4 (June 10, 2020): 605–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-03-2019-0124.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between residential real estate prices and unemployment rates at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) level. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a long time-series of MSA-level quarterly data from 1990 to 2018. It uses an instrumental variable approach to estimate the effects of residential real estate prices on unemployment rates using the geography-based land constraints measure of Saiz (2010) as the instrument. Findings The results show that changes in residential real estate prices do not have a causal effect on unemployment rates in the same quarter. However, it takes 9-12 months for an increase (decrease) in real estate prices to decrease (increase) unemployment rates. This effect is significant during both pre- and post-financial crisis periods and robust to control for the economic characteristics of MSAs. Research limitations/implications This paper contributes to the emerging literature that studies the real effects of real estate. Particularly, the methodology and the findings can be used to investigate causal relationships between housing prices and small business development or economic growth. The findings are also of interest to policymakers and practitioners as they illustrate how and when real estate price shocks propagate to the real economy through unemployment rates. Practical implications This study’s findings have important implications for academics, policymakers and investors as they provide evidence of a snowball effect associated with shocks to real estate prices: increasing (decreasing) unemployment rates following a decrease (increase) in real estate prices exacerbates the real estate price movements and their economic consequences. Originality/value This paper analyzes a significantly longer period, from 1990 to 2018, than the existing literature. Additionally, it uses the MSA-level land unavailability measure of Saiz (2010) as an instrument to explore the effects of residential real estate prices on unemployment rates and when those effects are observed in the real economy.
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40

Ueno, Misaki, Motohiro Adachi, and Jun Mitarai. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 20, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100240.

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Japan is currently faced with an acute ¡§aging society¡¨ coupled with a low birth rate, which is causing numerous social problems, such as weakened local and urban communities and unattractive landscapes and environments. Depressed towns are also hindering disaster prevention. However, local governments have made little attempt to address this situation. Therefore, there is a need to shed light on revitalizing both "software activities¨, such as holding events and festivals, as well as "hardware activities¨, such as building new facilities and providing new infrastructure. In this respect, the so-called "area management activities¨ (AMAs) play a significant role in the revitalization process. AMAs are used to revitalize towns and cities mainly by utilizing the power of the private sector in conjunction with the government. This paper conducts several empirical tests on factors associated with the (self-assessed) positive impacts of "area management organizations¨ (AMOs) on the revitalization of towns, relying on data sets from 1,300 areas (in almost 750 municipalities) in which revitalization programs such as the Act on Special Measures Concerning Urban Renaissance by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism have been implemented since 2002.
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41

Chang, Chin-Oh, and Shu-Mei Chen. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 21, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 397–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100267.

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This paper discusses the contradicting phenomenon of housing demand in Taiwan. First, an introduction is given on the three primary characteristics of the housing market in Taiwan, which are a high housing vacancy rate, high housing prices and high home ownership. Secondly, we explore the motivation and preferences behind housing purchase. Since the housing price-income ratio continues to increase, unaffordable housing prices cause households to suffer from poor quality of life. The issues of housing justice are highlighted. Recently, the demographics and social values have rapidly changed. Therefore, even if homebuyers face unaffordable housing prices, they still prefer to buy housing instead of renting due to the traditional cultural belief that ¡§to have land is to have wealth¡¨. This has resulted in the phenomenon with high home ownership rate yet high housing prices. On the other hand, the low holding cost of housing and imbalance in urban and rural development perpetuate the high housing vacancy rate in the housing market. This results in an unhealthy housing market and misallocation of resources. Finally, recommendations for related government policy making are made based on the findings.
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42

Zhou, Yong, and Shuang Zhang. "The Effect of Land Finance on Real Estate Prices." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 2275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.2275.

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Due to the fact that real estate prices is not only concerned with common people live and work in peace and contentment, but closely associated with the trend of national macroeconomic situation, the excessive rise in real estate prices has drew extensive attention in all layers of society. Many experts and scholars pointed out that high real estate prices in some cities and regions have already became the latent danger to the healthy and sustainable operation of macro-economy. Our country has begun to initiate control measures over the real estate industry forbidding the developers’ land reserves, accelerating the construction of policy-based house, and a series of measures to curb the excessive rise in price; however the effect of policy implementing is far from satisfaction. Under the background that the whole society all focus on the higher and higher prices, talking about the reasons driving the real estate prices to rise were particularly necessary. Land finance is not the authentic reason promoting prices and its effect maintains uncertain. The predecessor’s work still lacks of empirical research; what’s more, the effect of land finance on the real estate prices should be considerate from the point of its expenditure channel: the degree of its promoting real estate prices is to a great extent associated with expenditure channel in our country. Even if the benefit of land transfer is high, due to the balance of payment deficit is small or more expenditure on policy-based housing and the old city renovation. Land finance will finally weaken its promoting effect.
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43

Gao, Xiang, and John Topuz. "Firm location and systematic risk: the real estate channel." Review of Accounting and Finance 19, no. 3 (August 6, 2020): 387–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/raf-05-2019-0109.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether the cyclicality of local real estate prices affects the systematic risk of local firms using a geography-based measure of land availability as a quasi-exogenous proxy for real estate price cyclicality. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the geography-based land availability measure as a proxy for the procyclicality of real estate prices and the location of a firm’s headquarters as a proxy for the location of its real estate assets. Four-factor asset pricing model (market, size, value and momentum factors) is used to examine whether firms headquartered in more land-constrained metropolitan statistical areas have higher systematic risks. Findings The results show that real estate prices are more procyclical in areas with lower land availability and firms headquartered in these areas have higher systematic risk. This effect is more pronounced for firms with higher real estate holdings as a ratio of their tangible assets. Moreover, there are no abnormal returns to trading strategies based on land availability, consistent with stock market betas reflecting this local real estate factor. Research limitations/implications This paper contributes to the literature on local asset pricing factors, the collateral role of firms’ real estate holdings and the co-movement of security prices of geographically close firms. Practical implications This paper has important managerial implications by showing that, when firms decide on the location of their buildings (e.g. headquarters building, manufacturing plant and retail outlet), the location’s influence on systematic risk should be part of the decision-making process. Originality/value This paper is among the first to use a geography-based measure of land availability to study whether the procyclicality of local real estate prices influences firm risk independent of the procyclicality of the local economy. Thus, both the portfolio formed and firm-level analyses provide a more direct evidence of the positive relation between the procyclicality of local real estate prices and firm risk.
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44

Lee, Sang-Hyang, Jae-Hwan Kim, and Jun-Ho Huh. "Land Price Forecasting Research by Macro and Micro Factors and Real Estate Market Utilization Plan Research by Landscape Factors: Big Data Analysis Approach." Symmetry 13, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040616.

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In real estate, there are various variables for the forecasting of future land prices, in addition to the macro and micro perspectives used in the current research. Examples of such variables are the economic growth rate, unemployment rate, regional development and important locations, and transportation. Therefore, in this paper, data on real estate and national price fluctuation rates were used to predict the ways in which future land prices will fluctuate, and macro and micro perspective variables were actively utilized in order to conduct land analysis based on Big Data analysis. We sought to understand what kinds of variables directly affect the fluctuation of the land, and to use this for future land price analysis. In addition to the two variables mentioned above, the factor of the landscape was also confirmed to be closely related to the real estate market. Therefore, in order to check the correlation between the landscape and the real estate market, we will examine the factors which change the land price in the landscape district, and then discuss how the landscape and real estate can interact. As a result, re-explaining the previous contents, the future land price is predicted by actively utilizing macro and micro variables in real estate land price prediction. Through this method, we want to increase the accuracy of the real estate market, which is difficult to predict, and we hope that it will be useful in the real estate market in the future.
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45

Tofan, Ivan Mykolaiovych, Oksana Hryhorivna Ahres, and Tetiana Oleksandrivna Shmatkovska. "PROBLEMS IN ADMINISTRATION OF TAX ON REAL ESTATE OTHER THAN LAND IN UKRAINE." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF POLISSIA 2, no. 3(11) (2017): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2017-2-3(11)-148-153.

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46

Wang, Xue Li, and Shan Hua. "Influence Factors of Chinese Real Estate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 3391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.3391.

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This paper studied that the factors influencing Chinese real estate price. And that the land prices, the macroeconomic situation, the annual income of the households, the process of urbanization, the credit policy, the psychological expectations of consumers, the market investment or speculation, the governments regulation policy etc, Are all the influence factors of real estate prices. And the analysis results to develop appropriate policy recommendations for the healthy and sustainable development of the real estate market.
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47

Hoang, Duc Huu, Lan Thi Pham, Ha Thu Thi Le, Phi Hoang Nguyen, Hai Quoc Duong, Huynh Hoang Luu, Cuong Duy Khuat, and Hieu Thanh Nguyen. "Application GIS technology to determine the land price in Ward 10, District 8, Ho Chi Minh City." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(4).06.

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Determination of land price is one of the most important land management roles. Land prices and changes of land prices are evident in the real estate market. The real estate market plays an important role in the economy of Vietnam. Recently, when the population is increasing, leading to increased housing demand. The distribution of the population is concentrated in big cities. Then the demand for land information, especially land prices are always interested by people. However, real information on land price is always lacking and virtual. If people want the real estate market to develop well, information on land price must be clear and adequate. The land price area map satisfies those requirements. Land price zone map helps managers about land effectively and the land price map also helps the people - participants in the real estate market to grasp the most reliable information of land prices. GIS technology is applied in the paper to zone land prices using land price information collecting in Ward 10, District 8, Ho Chi Minh City
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48

Nikolov, D. "Legal problems of protection of land plot possession under real estate object." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 68 (March 24, 2022): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.68.11.

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The article is devoted to the issue of protection of state and communal land plot possession under real estate in situations where the private owner of real estate has neither ownership nor the right to use such land, and the authorized owner (state or local community) does not transfer such right or transferred it to a third party. The author examines the phenomenon of land possession under real estate in the context of the principle of unity of the legal fate of the land and real estate located on it. According to the author, in determining the model of protection of land possession under real estate, this principle is the starting point for building such a model.Possession of land plot under real estate in terms of “registration” and “actual” models of ownership is analyzed in the article. According to the author, the disposal of land plot from “registration” possession is impossible only due to the change in the register of landowners, because possession of land plot by the owner of real estate located on it is fixed (and announced) directly by law and record of ownership on the real estate.The author explores an alternative approach to determining the rights of the real estate owner in relation to the land plot under it, namely the property “right of expectation”. According to the author, such an approach is currently controversial in terms of the systematics of real property rights and the specifics of their protection.The article examines the specifics of the subject and grounds of the claim in the event when the owner of the land transferred the right to land not to the owner of the real estate, but to a third party. The author substantiates the approach according to which in such cases a proper way of protection will be a lawsuit to remove obstacles, and the legal grounds of the claim may be fictitious transaction, violation of public order and fraud.The author also pays attention to the modern understanding of the discretion of the powers of the authorities and expresses the opinion that in modern realities in some cases the courts must meet the requirements by which government decisions are recognized as adopted and permits issued.
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49

Alakoz, V. V. "Geodetic support of real estate cadaster and improvement of cadastral activities." Zemleustrojstvo, kadastr i monitoring zemel' (Land management, cadastre and land monitoring), no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-4-2010-07.

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The article deals with the problems of geodetic support of real estate cadaster. The civilized cadaster of land plots and other real estate objects is the main tool for land administration and regulation of land relations. The main signs of its "civilization" are ease of access to cadastral records and cadastral information, completeness and relevance of information about all legally used land plots and other real estate objects. The level of the modern Cadaster development is used to judge the development of society in whole.
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Bao, Helen X. H., and Doris Ka Chuen Mok. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 367–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100306.

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This study examines the impacts of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link on the residential property prices in West Kowloon, in which the terminus and only station of the Hong Kong section of the high-speed rail link is located. The express rail is characterised as being a link between Hong Kong and her motherland, China, which is a major source of buyers of property in Hong Kong. We investigate if there is an east-west connection premium introduced by the project by examining the spatial and temporal changes of property prices in the affected areas. Based on a sample of 282,131 transactions, this study uses the hedonic pricing and repeat sales models to examine whether property prices in West Kowloon have increased because of the development of the high-speed rail which signifies a link between Hong Kong and China and whether they have dropped because of the 2019 political movements which emphasize a decoupling. We find significant and consistent evidence to support these hypotheses from both the hedonic price and repeat sales models. The accessibility premium has been capitalised into property prices since the announcement of the project, and the size of the premium is the largest during the announcement period. However, the east-west connection premium is significantly offset by the recent events of political unrest, with properties that are located nearest the West Kowloon Station being the most affected. We derive policy implications regarding practical implications for the design and implementation of land value capture schemes and urban planning.
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